See h₃rew- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃rew-e-ti (thematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*rowō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *rowō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *rowō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ruō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: ruō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: ruō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃rew-s-e-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*rauša"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *rauša",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *rauša"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "rashë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: rashë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: rashë"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃réw-tr-om (instrument noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*routrom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *routrom\nProto-Brythonic: *rʉdr\nMiddle Welsh: ruthyr (with irregular -th-; contaminated by Old/Middle Irish?)\nWelsh: rhuthr, rhuthyr\nMiddle Irish: rúathar\nIrish: ruathar\nScottish Gaelic: ruathar",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *routrom\nProto-Brythonic: *rʉdr\nMiddle Welsh: ruthyr (with irregular -th-; contaminated by Old/Middle Irish?)\nWelsh: rhuthr, rhuthyr\nMiddle Irish: rúathar\nIrish: ruathar\nScottish Gaelic: ruathar"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃rów-e-ti (o-grade present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*orówō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *orówō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *orówō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὀρούω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὀρούω (oroúō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὀρούω (oroúō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃rows-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*raušas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *raušas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *raušas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ruxъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *ruxъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *ruxъ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Hrum-",
"gloss": "destroy, collapse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *Hrum- (“destroy, collapse”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *Hrum- (“destroy, collapse”) (perhaps)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "رمبیدن",
"gloss": "destroy, collapse",
"tr": "rombidan"
},
"expansion": "Persian: رمبیدن (rombidan, “destroy, collapse”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: رمبیدن (rombidan, “destroy, collapse”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "ڕوخان",
"gloss": "destroy, collapse"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: ڕوخان (ruxan, “destroy, collapse”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: ڕوخان (ruxan, “destroy, collapse”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lrc",
"2": "رئمئسئ",
"gloss": "get destroyed",
"tr": "remese"
},
"expansion": "Northern Luri: رئمئسئ (remese, “get destroyed”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Luri: رئمئسئ (remese, “get destroyed”)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "*-w- extension of *h₃er- (“to move, stir”).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃rew-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European HReR-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to run, to hurry"
],
"id": "en-h₃rew--ine-pro-root-MY125G9L",
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"hurry",
"hurry"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Vladimir Orel"
]
}
],
"word": "h₃rew-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃rew-e-ti (thematic present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*rowō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *rowō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *rowō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ruō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: ruō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: ruō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃rew-s-e-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*rauša"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *rauša",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *rauša"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "rashë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: rashë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: rashë"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃réw-tr-om (instrument noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*routrom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *routrom\nProto-Brythonic: *rʉdr\nMiddle Welsh: ruthyr (with irregular -th-; contaminated by Old/Middle Irish?)\nWelsh: rhuthr, rhuthyr\nMiddle Irish: rúathar\nIrish: ruathar\nScottish Gaelic: ruathar",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *routrom\nProto-Brythonic: *rʉdr\nMiddle Welsh: ruthyr (with irregular -th-; contaminated by Old/Middle Irish?)\nWelsh: rhuthr, rhuthyr\nMiddle Irish: rúathar\nIrish: ruathar\nScottish Gaelic: ruathar"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃rów-e-ti (o-grade present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*orówō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *orówō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *orówō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὀρούω"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὀρούω (oroúō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὀρούω (oroúō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃rows-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*raušas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *raušas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *raušas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ruxъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *ruxъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *ruxъ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*Hrum-",
"gloss": "destroy, collapse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *Hrum- (“destroy, collapse”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *Hrum- (“destroy, collapse”) (perhaps)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "رمبیدن",
"gloss": "destroy, collapse",
"tr": "rombidan"
},
"expansion": "Persian: رمبیدن (rombidan, “destroy, collapse”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: رمبیدن (rombidan, “destroy, collapse”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "ڕوخان",
"gloss": "destroy, collapse"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: ڕوخان (ruxan, “destroy, collapse”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: ڕوخان (ruxan, “destroy, collapse”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lrc",
"2": "رئمئسئ",
"gloss": "get destroyed",
"tr": "remese"
},
"expansion": "Northern Luri: رئمئسئ (remese, “get destroyed”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Luri: رئمئسئ (remese, “get destroyed”)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "*-w- extension of *h₃er- (“to move, stir”).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃rew-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European HReR-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to run, to hurry"
],
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"hurry",
"hurry"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Vladimir Orel"
]
}
],
"word": "h₃rew-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for h₃rew- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (4.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.