See h₃erdʰ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃erdʰ-sḱé-ti (sḱe-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "*ārtk-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: *ārtk-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: *ārtk-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃r̥dʰ-néw-ti (nu-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥dʰnáwti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥dʰnáwti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥dʰnáwti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥dʰnáwti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥dʰnáwti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥dʰnáwti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋध्नोति",
"tr": "ṛdhnóti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ऋध्नोति (ṛdhnóti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ऋध्नोति (ṛdhnóti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃r̥dʰ-yé-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥dʰyáti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥dʰyáti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥dʰyáti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥dʰyáti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥dʰyáti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥dʰyáti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋध्यति",
"tr": "ṛdhyáti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ऋध्यति (ṛdhyáti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ऋध्यति (ṛdhyáti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃érdʰ-u-s ~ *h₃érdʰ-éw-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃érdʰu-ko-s"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ardugaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *ardugaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *ardugaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃r̥dʰ-ō-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*arðōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *arðōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *arðōs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "arbor",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin: arbor, arbōs",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: arbor, arbōs (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃ŕ̥dʰ-tis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hŕ̥dᶻdʰiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hŕ̥dᶻdʰiš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hŕ̥dᶻdʰiš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hŕ̥ddʰiṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hŕ̥ddʰiṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hŕ̥ddʰiṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋद्धि",
"tr": "ṛ́ddhi"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ऋद्धि (ṛ́ddhi)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ऋद्धि (ṛ́ddhi) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃r̥dʰ-tós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥dᶻdʰás",
"t": "increased, thriving"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥dᶻdʰás (“increased, thriving”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥dᶻdʰás (“increased, thriving”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥ddʰás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥ddʰás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥ddʰás"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋद्ध",
"tr": "ṛddhá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ऋद्ध (ṛddhá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ऋद्ध (ṛddhá)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "समृद्ध",
"der": "1",
"tr": "sámṛddha"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: समृद्ध (sámṛddha)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: समृद्ध (sámṛddha)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*ardwos",
"t": "high"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *ardwos (“high”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *ardwos (“high”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ard"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: ard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: ard"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ard"
},
"expansion": "Irish: ard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: ard"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "àrd"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: àrd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: àrd"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "arz"
},
"expansion": "Breton: arz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: arz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "arth"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: arth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: arth"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ardd",
"t": "high; hill"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: ardd (“high; hill”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: ardd (“high; hill”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ortʰwós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ortʰwós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ortʰwós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὀρθός",
"t": "upright, straight"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὀρθός (orthós, “upright, straight”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὀρθός (orthós, “upright, straight”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "𐀃𐀵𐀺-"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀃𐀵𐀺- (o-to-wo-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀃𐀵𐀺- (o-to-wo-), 𐀃𐀶𐀺- (o-tu-wo-), 𐀃𐁍𐀺- (o-two-wo- /ortʰwo-/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*r̥Hdʰwás",
"t": "high, upright"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< laryngeal metathesis *r̥h₃dʰ-wó-s"
},
"expansion": "(< laryngeal metathesis *r̥h₃dʰ-wó-s)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”) (see there for further descendants) (< laryngeal metathesis *r̥h₃dʰ-wó-s)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*arðwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *arðwos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *arðwos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "arduus",
"t": "lofty, high, steep"
},
"expansion": "Latin: arduus (“lofty, high, steep”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: arduus (“lofty, high, steep”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃erdʰ-ro-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ortʰros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ortʰros",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ortʰros"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄρθρος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὄρθρος (órthros)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὄρθρος (órthros)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*orstъ",
"t": "growth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *orstъ (“growth”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *orstъ (“growth”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "harduppi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [script needed] (harduppi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [script needed] (harduppi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "orto"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: orto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: orto"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"id": "increase",
"pos": "root"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₃er-",
"3": "*-dʰh₁eti",
"4": "",
"pos2": "resultative verbal suffix",
"t1": "to rise"
},
"expansion": "*h₃er- (“to rise”) + *-dʰh₁eti (resultative verbal suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly reanalyzed root of *h₃er- (“to rise”) + *-dʰh₁eti (resultative verbal suffix).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃erdʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European HeRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-dʰh₁eti",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to increase, grow"
],
"id": "en-h₃erdʰ--ine-pro-root-8BHSy4nS",
"links": [
[
"increase",
"increase"
],
[
"grow",
"grow"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European HeRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-dʰh₁eti",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"upright, high"
],
"id": "en-h₃erdʰ--ine-pro-root-VQ3lfTLk",
"links": [
[
"upright",
"upright"
],
[
"high",
"high"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "h₃erdʰ-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European HeRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-dʰh₁eti"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃erdʰ-sḱé-ti (sḱe-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "*ārtk-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: *ārtk-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: *ārtk-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃r̥dʰ-néw-ti (nu-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥dʰnáwti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥dʰnáwti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥dʰnáwti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥dʰnáwti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥dʰnáwti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥dʰnáwti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋध्नोति",
"tr": "ṛdhnóti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ऋध्नोति (ṛdhnóti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ऋध्नोति (ṛdhnóti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃r̥dʰ-yé-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥dʰyáti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥dʰyáti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥dʰyáti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥dʰyáti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥dʰyáti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥dʰyáti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋध्यति",
"tr": "ṛdhyáti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ऋध्यति (ṛdhyáti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ऋध्यति (ṛdhyáti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃érdʰ-u-s ~ *h₃érdʰ-éw-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃érdʰu-ko-s"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ardugaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *ardugaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *ardugaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃r̥dʰ-ō-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*arðōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *arðōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *arðōs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "arbor",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin: arbor, arbōs",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: arbor, arbōs (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃ŕ̥dʰ-tis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hŕ̥dᶻdʰiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hŕ̥dᶻdʰiš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hŕ̥dᶻdʰiš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hŕ̥ddʰiṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hŕ̥ddʰiṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hŕ̥ddʰiṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋद्धि",
"tr": "ṛ́ddhi"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ऋद्धि (ṛ́ddhi)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ऋद्धि (ṛ́ddhi) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃r̥dʰ-tós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥dᶻdʰás",
"t": "increased, thriving"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥dᶻdʰás (“increased, thriving”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥dᶻdʰás (“increased, thriving”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*Hr̥ddʰás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥ddʰás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥ddʰás"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऋद्ध",
"tr": "ṛddhá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: ऋद्ध (ṛddhá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: ऋद्ध (ṛddhá)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "समृद्ध",
"der": "1",
"tr": "sámṛddha"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: समृद्ध (sámṛddha)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: समृद्ध (sámṛddha)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*ardwos",
"t": "high"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *ardwos (“high”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *ardwos (“high”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ard"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: ard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: ard"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ard"
},
"expansion": "Irish: ard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: ard"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "àrd"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: àrd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: àrd"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "arz"
},
"expansion": "Breton: arz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: arz"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "arth"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: arth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: arth"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ardd",
"t": "high; hill"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: ardd (“high; hill”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: ardd (“high; hill”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ortʰwós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ortʰwós",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ortʰwós"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὀρθός",
"t": "upright, straight"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὀρθός (orthós, “upright, straight”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὀρθός (orthós, “upright, straight”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmy",
"2": "𐀃𐀵𐀺-"
},
"expansion": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀃𐀵𐀺- (o-to-wo-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mycenaean Greek: 𐀃𐀵𐀺- (o-to-wo-), 𐀃𐀶𐀺- (o-tu-wo-), 𐀃𐁍𐀺- (o-two-wo- /ortʰwo-/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*r̥Hdʰwás",
"t": "high, upright"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< laryngeal metathesis *r̥h₃dʰ-wó-s"
},
"expansion": "(< laryngeal metathesis *r̥h₃dʰ-wó-s)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”) (see there for further descendants) (< laryngeal metathesis *r̥h₃dʰ-wó-s)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*arðwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *arðwos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *arðwos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "arduus",
"t": "lofty, high, steep"
},
"expansion": "Latin: arduus (“lofty, high, steep”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: arduus (“lofty, high, steep”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₃erdʰ-ro-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ortʰros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ortʰros",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ortʰros"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄρθρος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὄρθρος (órthros)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὄρθρος (órthros)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*orstъ",
"t": "growth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *orstъ (“growth”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *orstъ (“growth”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "harduppi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: [script needed] (harduppi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: [script needed] (harduppi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "orto"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: orto",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: orto"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"id": "increase",
"pos": "root"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₃er-",
"3": "*-dʰh₁eti",
"4": "",
"pos2": "resultative verbal suffix",
"t1": "to rise"
},
"expansion": "*h₃er- (“to rise”) + *-dʰh₁eti (resultative verbal suffix)",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly reanalyzed root of *h₃er- (“to rise”) + *-dʰh₁eti (resultative verbal suffix).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃erdʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to increase, grow"
],
"links": [
[
"increase",
"increase"
],
[
"grow",
"grow"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"upright, high"
],
"links": [
[
"upright",
"upright"
],
[
"high",
"high"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "h₃erdʰ-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for h₃erdʰ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (9.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.