See h₂melǵ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European HReRC-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂mélǵ-ti ~ *h₂ml̥ǵ-énti (athematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂molǵ-éye-ti (iterative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*molgeō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *molgeō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *molgeō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mulgeō",
"t": "I milk"
},
"expansion": "Latin: mulgeō (“I milk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: mulgeō (“I milk”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂mélǵ-os ~ h₂mélǵ-es-os (s-stem noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"alt1": "*melgos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *melgos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *melgos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "melg"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: melg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: melg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "malks",
"t": "sip, nip, swig"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: malks (“sip, nip, swig”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: malks (“sip, nip, swig”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "malkas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: malkas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: malkas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*mlixtus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *mlixtus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *mlixtus (< *h₂ml̥ǵtus)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "mlicht"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: mlicht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: mlicht"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "blicht"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: blicht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: blicht"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "bleacht",
"t": "milk yield"
},
"expansion": "Irish: bleacht (“milk yield”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: bleacht (“milk yield”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "bliθ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: bliθ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: bliθ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "blith",
"t": "milch"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: blith (“milch”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: blith (“milch”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*melkaz",
"t": "milky, milk-giving"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *melkaz (“milky, milk-giving”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *melkaz (“milky, milk-giving”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*milkijaz",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *milkijaz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *milkijaz"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*melċe"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *melċe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *melċe, *milċe (þrimilċe)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "milche"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: milche",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: milche, melche"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "milch"
},
"expansion": "English: milch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: milch"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "meelk"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: meelk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: meelk"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "melke"
},
"expansion": "Low German: melke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: melke"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "melch"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: melch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: melch"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "mëlch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: mëlch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: mëlch, melk"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "mëlch"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: mëlch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: mëlch"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "melk"
},
"expansion": "German: melk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: melk"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "milkur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: milkur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: milkur, mjólkur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*meluks",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *meluks (“milk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *meluks (“milk”) (with unexplained -u-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*mielkkē",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *mielkkē",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *mielkkē"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*melko",
"bor": "1",
"t": "milk",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Slavic: *melko (“milk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Slavic: *melko (“milk”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "malke",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: malke (“milk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: malke (“milk”), mālk- (“to milk”) (< *h₂melǵ-ei̯e)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "malkwer",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: malkwer (“milk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: malkwer (“milk”), mālkant (“to milk”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂melǵ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to milk"
],
"id": "en-h₂melǵ--ine-pro-root-A9oyU7O-",
"links": [
[
"milk",
"milk"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"milk"
],
"id": "en-h₂melǵ--ine-pro-root-iCXnZTD4",
"links": [
[
"milk",
"milk"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "h₂melǵ-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European HReRC-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂mélǵ-ti ~ *h₂ml̥ǵ-énti (athematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂molǵ-éye-ti (iterative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*molgeō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *molgeō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *molgeō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mulgeō",
"t": "I milk"
},
"expansion": "Latin: mulgeō (“I milk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: mulgeō (“I milk”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂mélǵ-os ~ h₂mélǵ-es-os (s-stem noun)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"alt1": "*melgos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *melgos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *melgos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "melg"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: melg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: melg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "malks",
"t": "sip, nip, swig"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: malks (“sip, nip, swig”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: malks (“sip, nip, swig”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "malkas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: malkas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: malkas"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*mlixtus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *mlixtus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *mlixtus (< *h₂ml̥ǵtus)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "mlicht"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: mlicht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: mlicht"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "blicht"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: blicht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: blicht"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "bleacht",
"t": "milk yield"
},
"expansion": "Irish: bleacht (“milk yield”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: bleacht (“milk yield”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "bliθ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: bliθ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: bliθ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "blith",
"t": "milch"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: blith (“milch”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: blith (“milch”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*melkaz",
"t": "milky, milk-giving"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *melkaz (“milky, milk-giving”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *melkaz (“milky, milk-giving”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*milkijaz",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *milkijaz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *milkijaz"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*melċe"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *melċe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *melċe, *milċe (þrimilċe)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "milche"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: milche",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: milche, melche"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "milch"
},
"expansion": "English: milch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: milch"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "meelk"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: meelk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: meelk"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "melke"
},
"expansion": "Low German: melke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: melke"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "melch"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: melch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: melch"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "mëlch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: mëlch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: mëlch, melk"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "mëlch"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: mëlch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: mëlch"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "melk"
},
"expansion": "German: melk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: melk"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "milkur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: milkur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: milkur, mjólkur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*meluks",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *meluks (“milk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *meluks (“milk”) (with unexplained -u-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*mielkkē",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *mielkkē",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *mielkkē"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*melko",
"bor": "1",
"t": "milk",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Slavic: *melko (“milk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Slavic: *melko (“milk”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "malke",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: malke (“milk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: malke (“milk”), mālk- (“to milk”) (< *h₂melǵ-ei̯e)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "malkwer",
"t": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: malkwer (“milk”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: malkwer (“milk”), mālkant (“to milk”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂melǵ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to milk"
],
"links": [
[
"milk",
"milk"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"milk"
],
"links": [
[
"milk",
"milk"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "h₂melǵ-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for h₂melǵ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.