See h₂eḱ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for h₂eḱ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (19.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱ-éh₁-ye-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt1": "*akēō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *akēō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *akēō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "aceō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: aceō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: aceō"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂ḱ-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*akā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *akā́",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *akā́"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀκή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἀκή (akḗ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἀκή (akḗ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂(e)ḱ-i-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*akís"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *akís",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *akís"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀκίς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἀκίς (akís)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἀκίς (akís)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "aciēs"
},
"expansion": "Latin: aciēs",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: aciēs, acia (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂ḱ-ró-s (“sharp”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱ-i-l-o- or *h₂eḱ-l-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ասեղն"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ասեղն (asełn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ասեղն (asełn)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*aśilos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *aśilos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *aśilos or *aśelos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*osьla",
"alt": "*osьla̋"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *osьla̋",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *osьla̋ or *osla̋"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "осело́к"
},
"expansion": "Russian: осело́к (oselók)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: осело́к (oselók)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "осла",
"gloss": "whetstone"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: осла (osla, “whetstone”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: осла (osla, “whetstone”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "osla",
"gloss": "whetstone"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: osla (“whetstone”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: osla (“whetstone”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "ósla"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: ósla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: ósla"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "osełka",
"gloss": "whetstone"
},
"expansion": "Polish: osełka (“whetstone”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: osełka (“whetstone”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*agilaz",
"t": "awn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *agilaz (“awn”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *agilaz (“awn”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*agil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *agil",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *agil (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂ḱ-méh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*akmā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *akmā́",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *akmā́"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀκμή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἀκμή (akmḗ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἀκμή (akmḗ) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂éḱ-mō ~ *h₂ḱ-m̥n-és (“stone”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂éḱ-os ~ *h₂éḱ-es-os (s-stem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*akos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *akos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *akos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "acus",
"id": "bran",
"t": "bran, chaff"
},
"expansion": "Latin: acus (“bran, chaff”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: acus (“bran, chaff”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ahaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *ahaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *ahaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ákos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ákos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ákos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "",
"alt": "-ήκης"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: -ήκης (-ḗkēs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: -ήκης (-ḗkēs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τανυήκης",
"der": "1",
"t": "having a long/thin edge/point"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ancient Greek: τανυήκης (tanuḗkēs, “having a long/thin edge/point”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ancient Greek: τανυήκης (tanuḗkēs, “having a long/thin edge/point”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*āke"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *āke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *āke"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "āk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: āk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: āk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "āke"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: āke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: āke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱ-(o)n-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ahanō",
"alt": "*ahanō ~ *aganō",
"t": "awn, chaff"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *ahanō ~ *aganō (“awn, chaff”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *ahanō ~ *aganō (“awn, chaff”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "agna",
"id": "ear",
"t": "blade/ear of grain"
},
"expansion": "Latin: agna (“blade/ear of grain”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: agna (“blade/ear of grain”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱru (“tear (of the eyes)”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱ-stí-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*akstis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *akstis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *akstis or *aśtis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "aksts",
"t": "prickle, sharp point"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: aksts (“prickle, sharp point”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: aksts (“prickle, sharp point”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "akstìs",
"t": "spit, thorn, prick"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: akstìs (“spit, thorn, prick”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: akstìs (“spit, thorn, prick”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ȏstь",
"t": "sharp point, spike; awn; fishbone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *ȏstь (“sharp point, spike; awn; fishbone”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *ȏstь (“sharp point, spike; awn; fishbone”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ость"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ость (ostʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ость (ostʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "osť"
},
"expansion": "Czech: osť",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Czech: osť (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ość"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ość",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ość"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "osť"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: osť",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: osť"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ȍsti",
"pos": "pl."
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: ȍsti (pl.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian: ȍsti (pl.), ȍstve (pl.)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "ǫ̂st"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: ǫ̂st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: ǫ̂st"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*akstinas",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *akstinas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *akstinas or *aśtinas (“sharp point, prickle; pointed stick for driving cattle”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "akstins"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: akstins",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: akstins"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ãkstinas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: ãkstinas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: ãkstinas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ostь̀nъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *ostь̀nъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *ostь̀nъ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*axtīnos",
"alt": "*akstīno-",
"der": "1",
"t": "furze, gorse"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *akstīno- (“furze, gorse”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *akstīno- (“furze, gorse”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "aitten"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: aitten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: aitten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*axtīnā",
"alt": "*akstīnā",
"der": "1",
"pos": "collective"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *akstīnā (collective)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *akstīnā (collective)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "ethin"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: ethin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: ethin"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oco",
"2": "eythin"
},
"expansion": "Old Cornish: eythin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cornish: eythin"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "eythin"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: eythin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: eythin"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "eithin"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: eithin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: eithin"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "bezhin"
},
"expansion": "Breton: bezhin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: bezhin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "āśce"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: āśce",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: āśce (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱ-stu-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*akstus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *akstus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *akstus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "astus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: astus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: astus"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "astūtus",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Latin: astūtus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Latin: astūtus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱ-u-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*ašus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ašus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ašus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ass",
"t": "sharp"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: ass (“sharp”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: ass (“sharp”), ašs (“swift”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*akus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *akus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *akus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "acus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: acus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: acus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "acuō",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Latin: acuō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Latin: acuō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "akwam"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: akwam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: akwam"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "akwatse"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: akwatse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: akwatse"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂óḱ-et-s (“harrow”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂óḱ-ri-s (“sharp edge, protrusion”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂oḱ-yéh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*agjō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *agjō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *agjō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ath"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: ath",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: ath, eh, thua"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "հասկ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: հասկ (hask)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: հասկ (hask) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "ոսի"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: ոսի (osi)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: ոսի (osi) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὀξύς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὀξύς (oxús)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὀξύς (oxús)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "οξύς"
},
"expansion": "Greek: οξύς (oxýs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: οξύς (oxýs)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬯𐬏𐬭𐬀",
"t": "point"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬯𐬏𐬭𐬀 (asūra, “point”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬯𐬏𐬭𐬀 (asūra, “point”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "",
"t": "sharp; stony",
"tr": "aśäjä"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (aśäjä, “sharp; stony”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (aśäjä, “sharp; stony”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"t": "sharp-smell; spices",
"ts": "bōδāžār"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/bōδāžār/, “sharp-smell; spices”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/bōδāžār/, “sharp-smell; spices”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "bwdʾcʾr"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (bwdʾcʾr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (bwdʾcʾr)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "آچار",
"t": "pickle, marinade",
"tr": "âčâr"
},
"expansion": "Persian: آچار (âčâr, “pickle, marinade”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: آچار (âčâr, “pickle, marinade”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "اښار",
"t": "acidic; sour; pickle; sadman",
"tr": "āẍār"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: اښار (āẍār, “acidic; sour; pickle; sadman”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: اښار (āẍār, “acidic; sour; pickle; sadman”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "آژیخ",
"t": "solid tears, rheum",
"tr": "āžīx"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian: آژیخ (āžīx, “solid tears, rheum”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps from *āsikah"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps from *āsikah)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Classical Persian: آژیخ (āžīx, “solid tears, rheum”) (perhaps from *āsikah)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "آژدف",
"t": "an acidic fruit, medlar",
"tr": "āždaf"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian: آژدف (āždaf, “an acidic fruit, medlar”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Classical Persian: آژدف (āždaf, “an acidic fruit, medlar”), ازدف (azdaf)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eḱ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European HeC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to be sharp-eared",
"word": "h₂ḱ-h₂ows-yé-ti"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sharp"
],
"id": "en-h₂eḱ--ine-pro-root-Yy6TAjiG",
"links": [
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "h₂eḱ-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "to be sharp-eared",
"word": "h₂ḱ-h₂ows-yé-ti"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱ-éh₁-ye-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"alt1": "*akēō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *akēō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *akēō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "aceō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: aceō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: aceō"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂ḱ-éh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*akā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *akā́",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *akā́"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀκή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἀκή (akḗ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἀκή (akḗ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂(e)ḱ-i-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*akís"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *akís",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *akís"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀκίς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἀκίς (akís)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἀκίς (akís)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "aciēs"
},
"expansion": "Latin: aciēs",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: aciēs, acia (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂ḱ-ró-s (“sharp”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱ-i-l-o- or *h₂eḱ-l-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ասեղն"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ասեղն (asełn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ասեղն (asełn)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*aśilos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *aśilos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *aśilos or *aśelos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*osьla",
"alt": "*osьla̋"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *osьla̋",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *osьla̋ or *osla̋"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "осело́к"
},
"expansion": "Russian: осело́к (oselók)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: осело́к (oselók)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "осла",
"gloss": "whetstone"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: осла (osla, “whetstone”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic: осла (osla, “whetstone”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "osla",
"gloss": "whetstone"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: osla (“whetstone”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: osla (“whetstone”)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "ósla"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: ósla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: ósla"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "osełka",
"gloss": "whetstone"
},
"expansion": "Polish: osełka (“whetstone”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: osełka (“whetstone”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*agilaz",
"t": "awn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *agilaz (“awn”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *agilaz (“awn”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*agil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *agil",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *agil (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂ḱ-méh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*akmā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *akmā́",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *akmā́"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀκμή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἀκμή (akmḗ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἀκμή (akmḗ) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂éḱ-mō ~ *h₂ḱ-m̥n-és (“stone”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂éḱ-os ~ *h₂éḱ-es-os (s-stem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*akos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *akos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *akos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "acus",
"id": "bran",
"t": "bran, chaff"
},
"expansion": "Latin: acus (“bran, chaff”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: acus (“bran, chaff”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ahaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *ahaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *ahaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*ákos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *ákos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *ákos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "",
"alt": "-ήκης"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: -ήκης (-ḗkēs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: -ήκης (-ḗkēs)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "τανυήκης",
"der": "1",
"t": "having a long/thin edge/point"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ancient Greek: τανυήκης (tanuḗkēs, “having a long/thin edge/point”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ancient Greek: τανυήκης (tanuḗkēs, “having a long/thin edge/point”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*āke"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *āke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *āke"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "āk"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A: āk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian A: āk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "āke"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: āke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: āke"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱ-(o)n-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ahanō",
"alt": "*ahanō ~ *aganō",
"t": "awn, chaff"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *ahanō ~ *aganō (“awn, chaff”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *ahanō ~ *aganō (“awn, chaff”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "agna",
"id": "ear",
"t": "blade/ear of grain"
},
"expansion": "Latin: agna (“blade/ear of grain”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: agna (“blade/ear of grain”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱru (“tear (of the eyes)”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱ-stí-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*akstis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *akstis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *akstis or *aśtis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "aksts",
"t": "prickle, sharp point"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: aksts (“prickle, sharp point”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: aksts (“prickle, sharp point”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "akstìs",
"t": "spit, thorn, prick"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: akstìs (“spit, thorn, prick”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: akstìs (“spit, thorn, prick”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ȏstь",
"t": "sharp point, spike; awn; fishbone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *ȏstь (“sharp point, spike; awn; fishbone”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *ȏstь (“sharp point, spike; awn; fishbone”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ость"
},
"expansion": "Russian: ость (ostʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: ость (ostʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "osť"
},
"expansion": "Czech: osť",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Czech: osť (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ość"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ość",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ość"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "osť"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: osť",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: osť"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ȍsti",
"pos": "pl."
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: ȍsti (pl.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian: ȍsti (pl.), ȍstve (pl.)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "ǫ̂st"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: ǫ̂st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: ǫ̂st"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*akstinas",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *akstinas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *akstinas or *aśtinas (“sharp point, prickle; pointed stick for driving cattle”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Baltic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "akstins"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: akstins",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: akstins"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ãkstinas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: ãkstinas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: ãkstinas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ostь̀nъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *ostь̀nъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *ostь̀nъ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*axtīnos",
"alt": "*akstīno-",
"der": "1",
"t": "furze, gorse"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *akstīno- (“furze, gorse”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *akstīno- (“furze, gorse”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "aitten"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: aitten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: aitten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*axtīnā",
"alt": "*akstīnā",
"der": "1",
"pos": "collective"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *akstīnā (collective)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *akstīnā (collective)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "ethin"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: ethin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: ethin"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oco",
"2": "eythin"
},
"expansion": "Old Cornish: eythin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cornish: eythin"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "eythin"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: eythin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: eythin"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "eithin"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: eithin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: eithin"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "bezhin"
},
"expansion": "Breton: bezhin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: bezhin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "āśce"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: āśce",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: āśce (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱ-stu-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*akstus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *akstus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *akstus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "astus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: astus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: astus"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "astūtus",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Latin: astūtus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Latin: astūtus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂eḱ-u-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*ašus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ašus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ašus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ass",
"t": "sharp"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: ass (“sharp”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: ass (“sharp”), ašs (“swift”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*akus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *akus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *akus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "acus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: acus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: acus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "acuō",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Latin: acuō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Latin: acuō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "akwam"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: akwam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: akwam"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "akwatse"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: akwatse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: akwatse"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂óḱ-et-s (“harrow”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂óḱ-ri-s (“sharp edge, protrusion”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*h₂oḱ-yéh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*agjō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *agjō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *agjō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ath"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: ath",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: ath, eh, thua"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "հասկ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: հասկ (hask)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: հասկ (hask) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "ոսի"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: ոսի (osi)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: ոսի (osi) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὀξύς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ὀξύς (oxús)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ὀξύς (oxús)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "οξύς"
},
"expansion": "Greek: οξύς (oxýs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: οξύς (oxýs)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬯𐬏𐬭𐬀",
"t": "point"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬯𐬏𐬭𐬀 (asūra, “point”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬯𐬏𐬭𐬀 (asūra, “point”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "",
"t": "sharp; stony",
"tr": "aśäjä"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (aśäjä, “sharp; stony”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (aśäjä, “sharp; stony”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"t": "sharp-smell; spices",
"ts": "bōδāžār"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/bōδāžār/, “sharp-smell; spices”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/bōδāžār/, “sharp-smell; spices”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "bwdʾcʾr"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (bwdʾcʾr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (bwdʾcʾr)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "آچار",
"t": "pickle, marinade",
"tr": "âčâr"
},
"expansion": "Persian: آچار (âčâr, “pickle, marinade”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: آچار (âčâr, “pickle, marinade”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "اښار",
"t": "acidic; sour; pickle; sadman",
"tr": "āẍār"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: اښار (āẍār, “acidic; sour; pickle; sadman”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: اښار (āẍār, “acidic; sour; pickle; sadman”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "آژیخ",
"t": "solid tears, rheum",
"tr": "āžīx"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian: آژیخ (āžīx, “solid tears, rheum”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps from *āsikah"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps from *āsikah)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Classical Persian: آژیخ (āžīx, “solid tears, rheum”) (perhaps from *āsikah)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "آژدف",
"t": "an acidic fruit, medlar",
"tr": "āždaf"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian: آژدف (āždaf, “an acidic fruit, medlar”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Classical Persian: آژدف (āždaf, “an acidic fruit, medlar”), ازدف (azdaf)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eḱ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European HeC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"sharp"
],
"links": [
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "h₂eḱ-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.