See gʷewH- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "guváti",
"sense": "to defecate",
"word": "गुवति"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*guHáti"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*guHáti"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*gʷuH-é-ti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "budr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "budyr"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"sense": "filth",
"word": "*bʉdr"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "búaidir"
},
{
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "confusion",
"word": "búaidre"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"sense": "filthy",
"word": "*bowdros"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*gʷówH-dʰro-m"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "excrement",
"word": "*govьno"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*govà"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "ogaviti",
"word": "огавити"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "gavedʹ",
"word": "гаведь"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "gavednyj",
"word": "гаведный"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "gabiti se"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "ogaba"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "ogaben"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "ohava"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "ohavný"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*gaviti"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "*gawāˀ"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"sense": "filth, excrement",
"word": "*bowā"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*gʷowH-éh₂"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "gūná",
"sense": "defecated",
"word": "गून"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*guHnás"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khotanese",
"lang_code": "kho",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "unpolluted",
"word": "agūṃ"
}
],
"lang": "Khotanese",
"lang_code": "kho",
"word": "*gūṃ"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*guHnáh"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*guHnás"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*gʷuH-nó-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"sense": "excrement",
"word": "*guHtʰás"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*gʷuH-tHó-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"roman": "ku",
"word": "կու"
},
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"roman": "koy",
"sense": "excrement",
"word": "կոյ"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Armenian",
"lang_code": "hyx-pro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"sense": "excrement",
"word": "*kwād"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"word": "*kwādaz"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"sense": "excrement",
"word": "*kwād"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"word": "*kwēdaz"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*gʷuH-tó-s, *gʷweH-tó-s"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷewH-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CeRH-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to defecate"
],
"id": "en-gʷewH--ine-pro-root--7oC01Ui",
"links": [
[
"defecate",
"defecate"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*ǵʰed-"
},
{
"word": "*kakka-"
},
{
"word": "*kerd-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "gʷewH-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "guváti",
"sense": "to defecate",
"word": "गुवति"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*guHáti"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*guHáti"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*gʷuH-é-ti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "budr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "budyr"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"sense": "filth",
"word": "*bʉdr"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "búaidir"
},
{
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "confusion",
"word": "búaidre"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"sense": "filthy",
"word": "*bowdros"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*gʷówH-dʰro-m"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "excrement",
"word": "*govьno"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*govà"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "ogaviti",
"word": "огавити"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "gavedʹ",
"word": "гаведь"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "gavednyj",
"word": "гаведный"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "gabiti se"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "ogaba"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "ogaben"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "ohava"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "ohavný"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*gaviti"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "*gawāˀ"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"sense": "filth, excrement",
"word": "*bowā"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*gʷowH-éh₂"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "gūná",
"sense": "defecated",
"word": "गून"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*guHnás"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khotanese",
"lang_code": "kho",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "unpolluted",
"word": "agūṃ"
}
],
"lang": "Khotanese",
"lang_code": "kho",
"word": "*gūṃ"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*guHnáh"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*guHnás"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*gʷuH-nó-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"sense": "excrement",
"word": "*guHtʰás"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*gʷuH-tHó-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"roman": "ku",
"word": "կու"
},
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"roman": "koy",
"sense": "excrement",
"word": "կոյ"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Armenian",
"lang_code": "hyx-pro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"sense": "excrement",
"word": "*kwād"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"word": "*kwādaz"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"sense": "excrement",
"word": "*kwād"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"word": "*kwēdaz"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*gʷuH-tó-s, *gʷweH-tó-s"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷewH-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European CeRH-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to defecate"
],
"links": [
[
"defecate",
"defecate"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*ǵʰed-"
},
{
"word": "*kakka-"
},
{
"word": "*kerd-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "gʷewH-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gʷewH- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.