See bʰlendʰ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"word": "*blandaną"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlondʰ-e-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*blenstei"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlendʰ-ye-ti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*blędь"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*blendis"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlendʰ-i-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*blędь"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*blendis"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰln̥dʰ-i-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"roman": "bradhná",
"sense": "ruddy, pale-red, blond, yellowish",
"word": "ब्रध्न"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*bradʰnás"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰradʰnás"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰln̥dʰ-nó-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"sense": "blind",
"word": "*blindaz"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlendʰ-os"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"word": "blàndîtiês"
},
{
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"word": "blôdîtiês"
},
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"word": "blandýtis"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*blǭdìti"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*blándīˀtei"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlondʰ-éye-ti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*blandas"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlondʰ-o-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "blond"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "blont"
}
],
"lang": "Medieval Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "blondus"
}
],
"lang": "Frankish",
"lang_code": "frk",
"word": "*blund"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "*blundaz"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰl̥ndʰ-os"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
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"borrowed"
],
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "blond"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "blont"
}
],
"lang": "Medieval Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "blondus"
}
],
"lang": "Frankish",
"lang_code": "frk",
"word": "*blund"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "*blundaz"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlendʰ-os"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰlendʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to blend, to mix up"
],
"id": "en-bʰlendʰ--ine-pro-root-jyPwQ9KF",
"links": [
[
"blend",
"blend"
],
[
"mix up",
"mix up"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to make cloudy, opaque"
],
"id": "en-bʰlendʰ--ine-pro-root-T7m0Kqn4",
"links": [
[
"cloudy",
"cloudy"
],
[
"opaque",
"opaque"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 9 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 9 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 15 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CReRC-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 21 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blond, red-haired, ruddy (alternative/contested) suggests derivation from *bʰel- (“to blaze, be shiny”)."
],
"id": "en-bʰlendʰ--ine-pro-root-UH-x3g9y",
"links": [
[
"blond",
"blond"
],
[
"red-haired",
"red-haired"
],
[
"ruddy",
"ruddy"
],
[
"ब्रध्न",
"ब्रध्न#Sanskrit"
],
[
"blondus",
"blondus#Latin"
],
[
"The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language",
"w:The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language"
],
[
"Houghton Mifflin Harcourt",
"w:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt"
],
[
"*bʰel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰel-#Proto-Indo-European:_shiny"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "bʰlendʰ-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European CReRC-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"word": "*blandaną"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlondʰ-e-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*blenstei"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlendʰ-ye-ti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*blędь"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*blendis"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlendʰ-i-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*blędь"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*blendis"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰln̥dʰ-i-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"roman": "bradhná",
"sense": "ruddy, pale-red, blond, yellowish",
"word": "ब्रध्न"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*bradʰnás"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰradʰnás"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰln̥dʰ-nó-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"sense": "blind",
"word": "*blindaz"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlendʰ-os"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"word": "blàndîtiês"
},
{
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"word": "blôdîtiês"
},
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"word": "blandýtis"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*blǭdìti"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*blándīˀtei"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlondʰ-éye-ti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*blandas"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlondʰ-o-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "blond"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "blont"
}
],
"lang": "Medieval Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "blondus"
}
],
"lang": "Frankish",
"lang_code": "frk",
"word": "*blund"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "*blundaz"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰl̥ndʰ-os"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "blond"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "blond"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "blont"
}
],
"lang": "Medieval Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "blondus"
}
],
"lang": "Frankish",
"lang_code": "frk",
"word": "*blund"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "*blundaz"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰlendʰ-os"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰlendʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to blend, to mix up"
],
"links": [
[
"blend",
"blend"
],
[
"mix up",
"mix up"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to make cloudy, opaque"
],
"links": [
[
"cloudy",
"cloudy"
],
[
"opaque",
"opaque"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"blond, red-haired, ruddy (alternative/contested) suggests derivation from *bʰel- (“to blaze, be shiny”)."
],
"links": [
[
"blond",
"blond"
],
[
"red-haired",
"red-haired"
],
[
"ruddy",
"ruddy"
],
[
"ब्रध्न",
"ब्रध्न#Sanskrit"
],
[
"blondus",
"blondus#Latin"
],
[
"The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language",
"w:The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language"
],
[
"Houghton Mifflin Harcourt",
"w:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt"
],
[
"*bʰel-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰel-#Proto-Indo-European:_shiny"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "bʰlendʰ-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bʰlendʰ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.