See bʰerǵʰ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*sperǵʰ-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tocharian A",
"lang_code": "xto",
"word": "pärkatäre"
},
{
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"lang_code": "txb",
"word": "pärkatäre"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tocharian",
"lang_code": "ine-toc-pro",
"sense": "to rise, come up",
"word": "*pärkatäre"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-e-ti"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-t ~ *bʰr̥ǵʰ-ént"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "babṛhāṇá",
"word": "बबृहाण"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*babʰárźʰa"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰabʰárȷ́ʰa"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰe-bʰórǵʰ-e ~ *bʰe-bʰr̥ǵʰ-ḗr"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "bwrw"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "bwrw"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"word": "*burɣid"
},
{
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"word": "·díbairg"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"word": "*borgīti"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰarȷ́ʰáyati"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰorǵʰ-éye-ti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hittite",
"lang_code": "hit",
"roman": "pár-ki-ya-az-zi",
"sense": "to ascend",
"word": "𒈦𒆠𒄿𒀀𒊍𒍣"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Anatolian",
"lang_code": "ine-ana-pro"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰr̥ǵʰ-yé-ti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"roman": "baṙnam",
"word": "բառնամ"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Armenian",
"lang_code": "hyx-pro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "bṛṃháti",
"word": "बृंहति"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*bʰr̥nźʰáti"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰr̥nȷ́ʰáti"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰr̥-né-ǵʰ-ti ~ *bʰr̥-n-ǵʰ-énti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "bar^əzimanąm",
"word": "𐬠𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬌𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬄𐬨"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*bárjman"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰárȷ́ʰma"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-mn̥ ~ *bʰr̥ǵʰ-mén-s"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-ont-s"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰr̥ǵʰ-n̥t-és"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-o-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "bar^əšna",
"word": "𐬠𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬥𐬀"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Manichaean script",
"lang_code": "pal",
"roman": "bšn",
"word": "𐫁𐫢𐫗"
},
{
"lang": "Book Pahlavi script",
"lang_code": "pal-Latn",
"word": "bšn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal"
}
],
"lang": "Old Persian",
"lang_code": "peo",
"roman": "b-r-š-n-a",
"word": "𐎲𐎼𐏁𐎴𐎠"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*br̥jnáh"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰr̥ȷ́ʰnás"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-ō ~ *bʰr̥ǵʰ-n-és"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-s"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰr̥ǵʰ-és"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "fortis"
}
],
"lang": "Old Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "forctis"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*forktis"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-ti-s ~ *bʰr̥ǵʰ-téy-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"sense": "magical formula, incantation",
"word": "*brixtus"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-tu-s ~ *bʰr̥ǵʰ-téw-s"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-u-s ~ *bʰr̥ǵʰ-éws"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tocharian A",
"lang_code": "xto",
"word": "pärkär"
},
{
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"lang_code": "txb",
"word": "pärkare"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tocharian",
"lang_code": "ine-toc-pro",
"sense": "long",
"word": "*pärkäre"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰr̥ǵʰ-ró-s"
},
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain",
"derived"
],
"roman": "bráhman",
"word": "ब्रह्मन्"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰerǵʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CeRC-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to rise up, ascend"
],
"id": "en-bʰerǵʰ--ine-pro-root-gacqXfpZ",
"links": [
[
"rise up",
"rise up"
],
[
"ascend",
"ascend"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be elevated, up high"
],
"id": "en-bʰerǵʰ--ine-pro-root-Sq5nrzP7",
"links": [
[
"elevated",
"elevated"
],
[
"high",
"high"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "bʰerǵʰ-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European CeRC-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*sperǵʰ-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tocharian A",
"lang_code": "xto",
"word": "pärkatäre"
},
{
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"lang_code": "txb",
"word": "pärkatäre"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tocharian",
"lang_code": "ine-toc-pro",
"sense": "to rise, come up",
"word": "*pärkatäre"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-e-ti"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-t ~ *bʰr̥ǵʰ-ént"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "babṛhāṇá",
"word": "बबृहाण"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*babʰárźʰa"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰabʰárȷ́ʰa"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰe-bʰórǵʰ-e ~ *bʰe-bʰr̥ǵʰ-ḗr"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "bwrw"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "bwrw"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"word": "*burɣid"
},
{
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"word": "·díbairg"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"word": "*borgīti"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰarȷ́ʰáyati"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰorǵʰ-éye-ti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hittite",
"lang_code": "hit",
"roman": "pár-ki-ya-az-zi",
"sense": "to ascend",
"word": "𒈦𒆠𒄿𒀀𒊍𒍣"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Anatolian",
"lang_code": "ine-ana-pro"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰr̥ǵʰ-yé-ti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"roman": "baṙnam",
"word": "բառնամ"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Armenian",
"lang_code": "hyx-pro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "bṛṃháti",
"word": "बृंहति"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
"lang_code": "inc-pro",
"word": "*bʰr̥nźʰáti"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰr̥nȷ́ʰáti"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰr̥-né-ǵʰ-ti ~ *bʰr̥-n-ǵʰ-énti"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "bar^əzimanąm",
"word": "𐬠𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬌𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬄𐬨"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*bárjman"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰárȷ́ʰma"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-mn̥ ~ *bʰr̥ǵʰ-mén-s"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-ont-s"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰr̥ǵʰ-n̥t-és"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-o-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Avestan",
"lang_code": "ae",
"roman": "bar^əšna",
"word": "𐬠𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬥𐬀"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Manichaean script",
"lang_code": "pal",
"roman": "bšn",
"word": "𐫁𐫢𐫗"
},
{
"lang": "Book Pahlavi script",
"lang_code": "pal-Latn",
"word": "bšn"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal"
}
],
"lang": "Old Persian",
"lang_code": "peo",
"roman": "b-r-š-n-a",
"word": "𐎲𐎼𐏁𐎴𐎠"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"word": "*br̥jnáh"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"word": "*bʰr̥ȷ́ʰnás"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-ō ~ *bʰr̥ǵʰ-n-és"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-s"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰr̥ǵʰ-és"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "fortis"
}
],
"lang": "Old Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "forctis"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Italic",
"lang_code": "itc-pro",
"word": "*forktis"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-ti-s ~ *bʰr̥ǵʰ-téy-s"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"sense": "magical formula, incantation",
"word": "*brixtus"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-tu-s ~ *bʰr̥ǵʰ-téw-s"
},
{
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰérǵʰ-u-s ~ *bʰr̥ǵʰ-éws"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Tocharian A",
"lang_code": "xto",
"word": "pärkär"
},
{
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"lang_code": "txb",
"word": "pärkare"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tocharian",
"lang_code": "ine-toc-pro",
"sense": "long",
"word": "*pärkäre"
}
],
"lang": "unknown",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"word": "*bʰr̥ǵʰ-ró-s"
},
{
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain",
"derived"
],
"roman": "bráhman",
"word": "ब्रह्मन्"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰerǵʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to rise up, ascend"
],
"links": [
[
"rise up",
"rise up"
],
[
"ascend",
"ascend"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be elevated, up high"
],
"links": [
[
"elevated",
"elevated"
],
[
"high",
"high"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "bʰerǵʰ-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bʰerǵʰ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.