"bʰenǵʰ-" meaning in Proto-Indo-European

See bʰenǵʰ- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Root

  1. thick Tags: adjectival, morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-bʰenǵʰ--ine-pro-root-exKR5-2K
  2. to swell, grow Tags: adjectival, morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-bʰenǵʰ--ine-pro-root-B045Y-CO
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Indo-European CeRC-shaped roots, Proto-Indo-European adjectival roots, Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Indo-European roots Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 0 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 0 Disambiguation of Proto-Indo-European CeRC-shaped roots: 0 0 Disambiguation of Proto-Indo-European adjectival roots: 0 0 Disambiguation of Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header: 0 0 Disambiguation of Proto-Indo-European roots: 0 0
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    },
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Pages with entries",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    },
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Proto-Indo-European CeRC-shaped roots",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    },
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Proto-Indo-European adjectival roots",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    },
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    },
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Sanskrit",
                  "lang_code": "sa",
                  "roman": "báṃhate",
                  "sense": "to increase, grow",
                  "word": "बंहते"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
              "lang_code": "inc-pro",
              "word": "*bánźʰati"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Avestan",
                  "lang_code": "ae",
                  "roman": "bązaⁱti",
                  "word": "𐬠𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Iranian",
              "lang_code": "ira-pro",
              "word": "*bánjati"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
          "lang_code": "iir-pro",
          "word": "*bʰánȷ́ʰati"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "word": "*bʰénǵʰ-e-ti"
    },
    {
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "sense": "thick",
      "word": "*bʰénǵʰ-u-s ~ *bʰn̥ǵʰ-éw-s"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Ancient Greek",
              "lang_code": "grc",
              "roman": "pássōn",
              "word": "πάσσων"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
          "lang_code": "grk-pro",
          "word": "*pə́ťťōn"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Sanskrit",
                  "lang_code": "sa",
                  "roman": "báṃhīyas",
                  "word": "बंहीयस्"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
              "lang_code": "inc-pro",
              "word": "*bánźʰyas"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
          "lang_code": "iir-pro",
          "word": "*bʰánȷ́ʰyas"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "sense": "thicker",
      "word": "*bʰénǵʰ-yōs ~ *bʰn̥ǵʰ-is-és"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "lang_code": "grc",
          "roman": "pákhistos",
          "word": "πάχιστος"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Sanskrit",
                  "lang_code": "sa",
                  "roman": "báṃhiṣṭha",
                  "word": "बंहिष्ठ"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
              "lang_code": "inc-pro",
              "word": "*bánźʰiṣṭʰas"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
          "lang_code": "iir-pro",
          "word": "*bʰánȷ́ʰištʰas"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "sense": "thickest",
      "word": "*bʰénǵʰ-istʰ-os"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "German",
                              "lang_code": "de",
                              "word": "Bunge"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Middle High German",
                          "lang_code": "gmh",
                          "word": "bunge"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Old High German",
                      "lang_code": "goh",
                      "sense": "swelling, tuber",
                      "word": "bungo"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
                  "word": "*bungō"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "unknown",
                  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "bulge, hill; slope, bank, bench",
                  "word": "*bank-iz"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "word": "bugne"
                        },
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "word": "buyne"
                        },
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "sense": "lump, swelling",
                          "word": "bigne"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Frankish",
                      "lang_code": "frk",
                      "word": "*bungjō"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "unknown",
                  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "*bung-jô"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "unknown",
              "lang_code": "gem-pro",
              "word": "*bungô ~ *bunkaz"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "German",
                              "lang_code": "de",
                              "word": "Bunge"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Middle High German",
                          "lang_code": "gmh",
                          "word": "bunge"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Old High German",
                      "lang_code": "goh",
                      "sense": "swelling, tuber",
                      "word": "bungo"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
                  "word": "*bungō"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "unknown",
                  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "bulge, hill; slope, bank, bench",
                  "word": "*bank-iz"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "word": "bugne"
                        },
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "word": "buyne"
                        },
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "sense": "lump, swelling",
                          "word": "bigne"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Frankish",
                      "lang_code": "frk",
                      "word": "*bungjō"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "unknown",
                  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "*bung-jô"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "unknown",
              "lang_code": "gem-pro",
              "raw_tags": [
                "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "sense": "heap, lump",
              "word": "*bunkô"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "German",
                              "lang_code": "de",
                              "word": "Bunge"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Middle High German",
                          "lang_code": "gmh",
                          "word": "bunge"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Old High German",
                      "lang_code": "goh",
                      "sense": "swelling, tuber",
                      "word": "bungo"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
                  "word": "*bungō"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "unknown",
                  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "bulge, hill; slope, bank, bench",
                  "word": "*bank-iz"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "word": "bugne"
                        },
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "word": "buyne"
                        },
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "sense": "lump, swelling",
                          "word": "bigne"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Frankish",
                      "lang_code": "frk",
                      "word": "*bungjō"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "unknown",
                  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "*bung-jô"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "unknown",
              "lang_code": "gem-pro",
              "raw_tags": [
                "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
                "uncertain",
                "back-formed"
              ],
              "sense": "hill; bank",
              "word": "*bankô"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
          "lang_code": "gem-pro",
          "word": "*bangô ~ *bunkkaz"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Estonian",
                  "lang_code": "et",
                  "word": "pung"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
              "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Hungarian",
                  "lang_code": "hu",
                  "word": "bog"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Ugric",
              "lang_code": "urj-ugr-pro"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Finno-Ugric",
          "lang_code": "urj-pro",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed",
            "uncertain"
          ],
          "sense": "protuberance, unevenness; knot, knob, tuber",
          "word": "*poŋka"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "sense": "swelling",
      "word": "*bʰónǵʰ-ō ~ *bʰn̥ǵʰ-n-és"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Ancient Greek",
              "lang_code": "grc",
              "roman": "pákhos",
              "word": "πάχος"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
          "lang_code": "grk-pro"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Avestan",
                  "lang_code": "ae",
                  "roman": "bązah",
                  "word": "𐬠𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬵"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Iranian",
              "lang_code": "ira-pro",
              "word": "*bánjah"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
          "lang_code": "iir-pro",
          "word": "*bʰánȷ́ʰas"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "sense": "thickness",
      "word": "*bʰénǵʰ-os ~ *bʰénǵʰ-es-os"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Assamese",
                      "lang_code": "as",
                      "roman": "baru",
                      "word": "বাৰু"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Sanskrit",
                  "lang_code": "sa",
                  "roman": "bāḍhá",
                  "word": "बाढ"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Assamese",
                      "lang_code": "as",
                      "roman": "baru",
                      "word": "বাৰু"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Sanskrit",
                  "lang_code": "sa",
                  "roman": "bāḷhá",
                  "word": "बाळ्ह"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
              "lang_code": "inc-pro",
              "word": "*baẓḍʰás"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
          "lang_code": "iir-pro",
          "word": "*bʰaždʰás"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "sense": "thickened",
      "word": "*bʰn̥ǵʰ-tó-s"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰenǵʰ-",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "thick"
      ],
      "id": "en-bʰenǵʰ--ine-pro-root-exKR5-2K",
      "links": [
        [
          "thick",
          "thick"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to swell, grow"
      ],
      "id": "en-bʰenǵʰ--ine-pro-root-B045Y-CO",
      "links": [
        [
          "swell",
          "swell"
        ],
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bʰenǵʰ-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Indo-European CeRC-shaped roots",
    "Proto-Indo-European adjectival roots",
    "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
    "Proto-Indo-European roots"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Sanskrit",
                  "lang_code": "sa",
                  "roman": "báṃhate",
                  "sense": "to increase, grow",
                  "word": "बंहते"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
              "lang_code": "inc-pro",
              "word": "*bánźʰati"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Avestan",
                  "lang_code": "ae",
                  "roman": "bązaⁱti",
                  "word": "𐬠𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Iranian",
              "lang_code": "ira-pro",
              "word": "*bánjati"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
          "lang_code": "iir-pro",
          "word": "*bʰánȷ́ʰati"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "word": "*bʰénǵʰ-e-ti"
    },
    {
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "sense": "thick",
      "word": "*bʰénǵʰ-u-s ~ *bʰn̥ǵʰ-éw-s"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Ancient Greek",
              "lang_code": "grc",
              "roman": "pássōn",
              "word": "πάσσων"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
          "lang_code": "grk-pro",
          "word": "*pə́ťťōn"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Sanskrit",
                  "lang_code": "sa",
                  "roman": "báṃhīyas",
                  "word": "बंहीयस्"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
              "lang_code": "inc-pro",
              "word": "*bánźʰyas"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
          "lang_code": "iir-pro",
          "word": "*bʰánȷ́ʰyas"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "sense": "thicker",
      "word": "*bʰénǵʰ-yōs ~ *bʰn̥ǵʰ-is-és"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "lang_code": "grc",
          "roman": "pákhistos",
          "word": "πάχιστος"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Sanskrit",
                  "lang_code": "sa",
                  "roman": "báṃhiṣṭha",
                  "word": "बंहिष्ठ"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
              "lang_code": "inc-pro",
              "word": "*bánźʰiṣṭʰas"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
          "lang_code": "iir-pro",
          "word": "*bʰánȷ́ʰištʰas"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "sense": "thickest",
      "word": "*bʰénǵʰ-istʰ-os"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "German",
                              "lang_code": "de",
                              "word": "Bunge"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Middle High German",
                          "lang_code": "gmh",
                          "word": "bunge"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Old High German",
                      "lang_code": "goh",
                      "sense": "swelling, tuber",
                      "word": "bungo"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
                  "word": "*bungō"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "unknown",
                  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "bulge, hill; slope, bank, bench",
                  "word": "*bank-iz"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "word": "bugne"
                        },
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "word": "buyne"
                        },
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "sense": "lump, swelling",
                          "word": "bigne"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Frankish",
                      "lang_code": "frk",
                      "word": "*bungjō"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "unknown",
                  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "*bung-jô"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "unknown",
              "lang_code": "gem-pro",
              "word": "*bungô ~ *bunkaz"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "German",
                              "lang_code": "de",
                              "word": "Bunge"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Middle High German",
                          "lang_code": "gmh",
                          "word": "bunge"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Old High German",
                      "lang_code": "goh",
                      "sense": "swelling, tuber",
                      "word": "bungo"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
                  "word": "*bungō"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "unknown",
                  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "bulge, hill; slope, bank, bench",
                  "word": "*bank-iz"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "word": "bugne"
                        },
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "word": "buyne"
                        },
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "sense": "lump, swelling",
                          "word": "bigne"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Frankish",
                      "lang_code": "frk",
                      "word": "*bungjō"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "unknown",
                  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "*bung-jô"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "unknown",
              "lang_code": "gem-pro",
              "raw_tags": [
                "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
                "uncertain"
              ],
              "sense": "heap, lump",
              "word": "*bunkô"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "German",
                              "lang_code": "de",
                              "word": "Bunge"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Middle High German",
                          "lang_code": "gmh",
                          "word": "bunge"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Old High German",
                      "lang_code": "goh",
                      "sense": "swelling, tuber",
                      "word": "bungo"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
                  "lang_code": "gmw-pro",
                  "word": "*bungō"
                },
                {
                  "lang": "unknown",
                  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "sense": "bulge, hill; slope, bank, bench",
                  "word": "*bank-iz"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "descendants": [
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "word": "bugne"
                        },
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "word": "buyne"
                        },
                        {
                          "descendants": [
                            {
                              "lang": "French",
                              "lang_code": "fr",
                              "word": "bugne"
                            }
                          ],
                          "lang": "Old French",
                          "lang_code": "fro",
                          "sense": "lump, swelling",
                          "word": "bigne"
                        }
                      ],
                      "lang": "Frankish",
                      "lang_code": "frk",
                      "word": "*bungjō"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "unknown",
                  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
                  "raw_tags": [
                    "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
                  ],
                  "word": "*bung-jô"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "unknown",
              "lang_code": "gem-pro",
              "raw_tags": [
                "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes",
                "uncertain",
                "back-formed"
              ],
              "sense": "hill; bank",
              "word": "*bankô"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
          "lang_code": "gem-pro",
          "word": "*bangô ~ *bunkkaz"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Estonian",
                  "lang_code": "et",
                  "word": "pung"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
              "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro"
            },
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Hungarian",
                  "lang_code": "hu",
                  "word": "bog"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Ugric",
              "lang_code": "urj-ugr-pro"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Finno-Ugric",
          "lang_code": "urj-pro",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed",
            "uncertain"
          ],
          "sense": "protuberance, unevenness; knot, knob, tuber",
          "word": "*poŋka"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "sense": "swelling",
      "word": "*bʰónǵʰ-ō ~ *bʰn̥ǵʰ-n-és"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Ancient Greek",
              "lang_code": "grc",
              "roman": "pákhos",
              "word": "πάχος"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Hellenic",
          "lang_code": "grk-pro"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "lang": "Avestan",
                  "lang_code": "ae",
                  "roman": "bązah",
                  "word": "𐬠𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬵"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Iranian",
              "lang_code": "ira-pro",
              "word": "*bánjah"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
          "lang_code": "iir-pro",
          "word": "*bʰánȷ́ʰas"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "sense": "thickness",
      "word": "*bʰénǵʰ-os ~ *bʰénǵʰ-es-os"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "descendants": [
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Assamese",
                      "lang_code": "as",
                      "roman": "baru",
                      "word": "বাৰু"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Sanskrit",
                  "lang_code": "sa",
                  "roman": "bāḍhá",
                  "word": "बाढ"
                },
                {
                  "descendants": [
                    {
                      "lang": "Assamese",
                      "lang_code": "as",
                      "roman": "baru",
                      "word": "বাৰু"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lang": "Sanskrit",
                  "lang_code": "sa",
                  "roman": "bāḷhá",
                  "word": "बाळ्ह"
                }
              ],
              "lang": "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
              "lang_code": "inc-pro",
              "word": "*baẓḍʰás"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
          "lang_code": "iir-pro",
          "word": "*bʰaždʰás"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "unknown",
      "lang_code": "ine-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "derived"
      ],
      "sense": "thickened",
      "word": "*bʰn̥ǵʰ-tó-s"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰenǵʰ-",
  "pos": "root",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "thick"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thick",
          "thick"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to swell, grow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "swell",
          "swell"
        ],
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bʰenǵʰ-"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bʰenǵʰ- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (8.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.