See -wōs in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*-wōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *-wōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *-wōs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ώς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: -ώς (-ṓs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: -ώς (-ṓs) (with innovated t-stem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*-wās"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-wās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-wās"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-वांस्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: -वांस् (-vāṃs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: -वांस् (-vāṃs)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "-𐬎𐬱"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: -𐬎𐬱 (-uš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: -𐬎𐬱 (-uš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: -u",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: -u"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-us",
"id": "participle",
"pos": "past half-participle"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: -us (past half-participle)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: -us (past half-participle)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "",
"pos": "past active participle"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: [Term?] (past active participle)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: [Term?] (past active participle)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-vъ",
"id": "participle",
"pos": "past active participle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *-vъ (past active participle)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *-vъ (past active participle)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From **-woss (stem + nominative *-s). It was added to the zero-grade form of the perfect stem of a verb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Cé--wōs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"head": "*Cé-(Ø)-wōs"
},
"expansion": "*Cé-(Ø)-wōs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Cé-(∅)-wos",
"2": "Cé-(∅)-us",
"3": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂",
"4": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂",
"ac": "amphikinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-wōs",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*bʰe-bʰr-usih₂",
"word": "bērusjaz"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms perfect participles from verbs."
],
"id": "en--wōs-ine-pro-suffix-C1AxvGoC",
"related": [
{
"word": "-onts"
},
{
"word": "-mh₁nos"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-wōs"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*bʰe-bʰr-usih₂",
"word": "bērusjaz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*-wōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *-wōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *-wōs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ώς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: -ώς (-ṓs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: -ώς (-ṓs) (with innovated t-stem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*-wās"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-wās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-wās"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-वांस्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: -वांस् (-vāṃs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: -वांस् (-vāṃs)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "-𐬎𐬱"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: -𐬎𐬱 (-uš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: -𐬎𐬱 (-uš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: -u",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: -u"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-us",
"id": "participle",
"pos": "past half-participle"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: -us (past half-participle)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: -us (past half-participle)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "",
"pos": "past active participle"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: [Term?] (past active participle)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: [Term?] (past active participle)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-vъ",
"id": "participle",
"pos": "past active participle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *-vъ (past active participle)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *-vъ (past active participle)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From **-woss (stem + nominative *-s). It was added to the zero-grade form of the perfect stem of a verb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Cé--wōs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"head": "*Cé-(Ø)-wōs"
},
"expansion": "*Cé-(Ø)-wōs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Cé-(∅)-wos",
"2": "Cé-(∅)-us",
"3": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂",
"4": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂",
"ac": "amphikinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-wōs",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-onts"
},
{
"word": "-mh₁nos"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Indo-European adjective-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European amphikinetic adjectives",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms perfect participles from verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-wōs"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -wōs meaning in Proto-Indo-European (3.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.