See -wōs in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -wōs meaning in Proto-Indo-European (8.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*-wōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *-wōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *-wōs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ώς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: -ώς (-ṓs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: -ώς (-ṓs) (with innovated t-stem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*-wās"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-wās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-wās"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-वांस्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: -वांस् (-vāṃs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: -वांस् (-vāṃs)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "-𐬎𐬱"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: -𐬎𐬱 (-uš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: -𐬎𐬱 (-uš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: -u",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: -u"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-us",
"id": "participle",
"pos": "past half-participle"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: -us (past half-participle)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: -us (past half-participle)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "",
"pos": "past active participle"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: [Term?] (past active participle)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: [Term?] (past active participle)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-vъ",
"id": "participle",
"pos": "past active participle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *-vъ (past active participle)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *-vъ (past active participle)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From **-woss (stem + nominative *-s). It was added to the zero-grade form of the perfect stem of a verb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Cé- (Ø)-wōs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosh₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosh₁e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-woses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosh₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosh₁e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-woses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosm̥",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosh₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosh₁e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosm̥s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usoHom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usmos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usey",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usmos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-ush₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usmis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂h₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂h₁e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂es",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂h₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂h₁e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂es",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂m̥",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂h₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂h₁e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂m̥s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂oHom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂mos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂ey",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂mos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂i",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂su",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂h₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂mis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosih₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosih₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosih₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"head": "*Cé-(Ø)-wōs"
},
"expansion": "*Cé-(Ø)-wōs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Cé-(∅)-wos",
"2": "Cé-(∅)-us",
"3": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂",
"4": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂",
"ac": "amphikinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-wōs",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*bʰe-bʰr-usih₂",
"word": "bērusjaz"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms perfect participles from verbs."
],
"id": "en--wōs-ine-pro-suffix-C1AxvGoC",
"related": [
{
"word": "-onts"
},
{
"word": "-mh₁nos"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-wōs"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*bʰe-bʰr-usih₂",
"word": "bērusjaz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*-wōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *-wōs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *-wōs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ώς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: -ώς (-ṓs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: -ώς (-ṓs) (with innovated t-stem)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*-wās"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-wās",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-wās"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-वांस्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: -वांस् (-vāṃs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: -वांस् (-vāṃs)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "-𐬎𐬱"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: -𐬎𐬱 (-uš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: -𐬎𐬱 (-uš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: -u",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: -u"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-us",
"id": "participle",
"pos": "past half-participle"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: -us (past half-participle)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: -us (past half-participle)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "",
"pos": "past active participle"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: [Term?] (past active participle)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: [Term?] (past active participle)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-vъ",
"id": "participle",
"pos": "past active participle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *-vъ (past active participle)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *-vъ (past active participle)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From **-woss (stem + nominative *-s). It was added to the zero-grade form of the perfect stem of a verb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Cé- (Ø)-wōs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosh₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosh₁e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-woses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosh₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosh₁e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-woses",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosm̥",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosh₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosh₁e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosm̥s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usoHom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usmos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usey",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usmos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-ush₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usmis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂h₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂h₁e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂es",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂h₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂h₁e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂es",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂m̥",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂h₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂h₁e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂m̥s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂oHom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂mos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂ey",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂mos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂i",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂su",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂h₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂mis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosih₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosih₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wosih₁",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "Cé-(∅)-wōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"head": "*Cé-(Ø)-wōs"
},
"expansion": "*Cé-(Ø)-wōs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Cé-(∅)-wos",
"2": "Cé-(∅)-us",
"3": "Cé-(∅)-usih₂",
"4": "Ce-(∅)-usyéh₂",
"ac": "amphikinetic"
},
"name": "ine-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-wōs",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-onts"
},
{
"word": "-mh₁nos"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European adjective-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Indo-European amphikinetic adjectives",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms perfect participles from verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-wōs"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.