See ḱley- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱléy-tis ~ *ḱli-téys"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "šlitìs",
"t": "shove-shed"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: šlitìs (“shove-shed”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: šlitìs (“shove-shed”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱléy-treh₂"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱloyw-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hlaiwaz",
"t": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hlaiwaz (“shelter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hlaiwaz (“shelter”), now at Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hlaiw"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱli-tó-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hlidą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hlidą",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hlidą"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱli-tó-s (“covered, sheltered”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"id": "cover",
"pos": "root"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱel-",
"id": "cover"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱel-",
"3": "*-éyti",
"id1": "cover",
"pos2": "*éy-present suffix",
"t1": "to cover"
},
"expansion": "*ḱel- (“to cover”) + *-éyti (*éy-present suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysed root of *ḱléyti, from *ḱel- (“to cover”) + *-éyti (*éy-present suffix).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱley-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CReR-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ḱel- (cover)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-éyti",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to shelter, cover"
],
"id": "en-ḱley--ine-pro-root-ine_pro:cover",
"links": [
[
"shelter",
"shelter"
],
[
"cover",
"cover"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:cover"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ḱley-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱléy-t ~ *ḱli-ént (root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अश्रेत्",
"tr": "áśret"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: अश्रेत् (áśret)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: अश्रेत् (áśret)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬥𐬌𐬯𐬭𐬍𐬙𐬀",
"der": "1",
"pos": "3sg.inj.mid.",
"t": "to bring to, assign"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬯𐬭𐬍𐬙𐬀 (nisrīta, “to bring to, assign”, 3sg.inj.mid.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬯𐬭𐬍𐬙𐬀 (nisrīta, “to bring to, assign”, 3sg.inj.mid.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*klient-",
"pos": "act.ptc.",
"t": "who supports, who depends"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *klient- (“who supports, who depends”, act.ptc.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *klient- (“who supports, who depends”, act.ptc.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cliēns"
},
"expansion": "Latin: cliēns",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: cliēns"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱléy-e-ti (“to lean”, thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱl̥-né-y-ti ~ *ḱl̥-n-y-énti (nasal-infix present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱli-néw-ti ~ *ḱli-nw-énti (new-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ćrináwti",
"t": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćrináwti (“to lean”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćrináwti (“to lean”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*crináwtī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *crináwtī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *crináwtī"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬥𐬌𐬯𐬭𐬌𐬥𐬀𐬊𐬨𐬌",
"pos": "1sg.pres.",
"t": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬯𐬭𐬌𐬥𐬀𐬊𐬨𐬌 (nisrinaomi, “to lean”, 1sg.pres.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬯𐬭𐬌𐬥𐬀𐬊𐬨𐬌 (nisrinaomi, “to lean”, 1sg.pres.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱe-ḱlóy-e ~ *ḱe-ḱli-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κέκλιται"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: κέκλιται (kéklitai)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: κέκλιται (kéklitai)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ćićrā́ya"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćićrā́ya",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćićrā́ya"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*śiśrā́ya"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śiśrā́ya",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śiśrā́ya"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शिश्राय",
"tr": "śiśrā́ya"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: शिश्राय (śiśrā́ya)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: शिश्राय (śiśrā́ya)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱléy-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*klímə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *klímə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *klímə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κλίμα",
"t": "slope, inclination; clime"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: κλίμα (klíma, “slope, inclination; clime”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: κλίμα (klíma, “slope, inclination; clime”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱléy-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kliyos",
"t": "left side"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kliyos (“left side”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kliyos (“left side”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱley-téh₂"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱley-wó-s (“sloped”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱli-tós (“leaning, sloped”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlóy-dʰro-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hlaidrijō",
"t": "ladder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hlaidrijō (“ladder”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hlaidrijō (“ladder”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlóy-neh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*klaina"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *klaina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *klaina"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "qye",
"t": "peak, summit"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: qye (“peak, summit”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: qye (“peak, summit”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱloy-w-ó-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hlaiwą",
"t": "hill, burial mound"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hlaiwą (“hill, burial mound”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hlaiwą (“hill, burial mound”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱleyn-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "լինիմ",
"t": "to be"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: լինիմ (linim, “to be”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: լինիմ (linim, “to be”) (perhaps)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "լինել"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: լինել (linel)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: լինել (linel)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "լեառն",
"gloss": "mountain"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: լեառն (leaṙn, “mountain”)\nArmenian: լեռ (leṙ)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: լեառն (leaṙn, “mountain”)\nArmenian: լեռ (leṙ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "clēmēns"
},
"expansion": "Latin: clēmēns",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: clēmēns (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "श्रि"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: श्रि (śri)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: श्रि (śri)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"id": "incline",
"pos": "root"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱel-",
"id": "incline"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱel-",
"3": "*-éyti",
"id1": "incline",
"pos2": "*éy-present suffix",
"t1": "to incline"
},
"expansion": "*ḱel- (“to incline”) + *-éyti (*éy-present suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysed root of *ḱléyti, from *ḱel- (“to incline”) + *-éyti (*éy-present suffix).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱley-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CReR-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ḱel- (incline)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-éyti",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lean, slope, incline"
],
"id": "en-ḱley--ine-pro-root-ine_pro:incline",
"links": [
[
"lean",
"lean"
],
[
"slope",
"slope"
],
[
"incline",
"incline"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:incline"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "ḱley-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European CReR-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ḱel- (cover)",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ḱel- (incline)",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-éyti"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱléy-tis ~ *ḱli-téys"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "šlitìs",
"t": "shove-shed"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: šlitìs (“shove-shed”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: šlitìs (“shove-shed”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱléy-treh₂"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱloyw-ó-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hlaiwaz",
"t": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hlaiwaz (“shelter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hlaiwaz (“shelter”), now at Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hlaiw"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱli-tó-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hlidą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hlidą",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hlidą"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱli-tó-s (“covered, sheltered”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"id": "cover",
"pos": "root"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱel-",
"id": "cover"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱel-",
"3": "*-éyti",
"id1": "cover",
"pos2": "*éy-present suffix",
"t1": "to cover"
},
"expansion": "*ḱel- (“to cover”) + *-éyti (*éy-present suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysed root of *ḱléyti, from *ḱel- (“to cover”) + *-éyti (*éy-present suffix).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱley-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to shelter, cover"
],
"links": [
[
"shelter",
"shelter"
],
[
"cover",
"cover"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:cover"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ḱley-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European CReR-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European homonymic roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ḱel- (incline)",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-éyti"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱléy-t ~ *ḱli-ént (root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अश्रेत्",
"tr": "áśret"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: अश्रेत् (áśret)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: अश्रेत् (áśret)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬥𐬌𐬯𐬭𐬍𐬙𐬀",
"der": "1",
"pos": "3sg.inj.mid.",
"t": "to bring to, assign"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬯𐬭𐬍𐬙𐬀 (nisrīta, “to bring to, assign”, 3sg.inj.mid.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬯𐬭𐬍𐬙𐬀 (nisrīta, “to bring to, assign”, 3sg.inj.mid.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*klient-",
"pos": "act.ptc.",
"t": "who supports, who depends"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *klient- (“who supports, who depends”, act.ptc.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *klient- (“who supports, who depends”, act.ptc.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cliēns"
},
"expansion": "Latin: cliēns",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: cliēns"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱléy-e-ti (“to lean”, thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱl̥-né-y-ti ~ *ḱl̥-n-y-énti (nasal-infix present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱli-néw-ti ~ *ḱli-nw-énti (new-present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ćrináwti",
"t": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćrináwti (“to lean”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćrináwti (“to lean”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*crináwtī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *crináwtī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *crináwtī"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬥𐬌𐬯𐬭𐬌𐬥𐬀𐬊𐬨𐬌",
"pos": "1sg.pres.",
"t": "to lean"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬯𐬭𐬌𐬥𐬀𐬊𐬨𐬌 (nisrinaomi, “to lean”, 1sg.pres.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬥𐬌𐬯𐬭𐬌𐬥𐬀𐬊𐬨𐬌 (nisrinaomi, “to lean”, 1sg.pres.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱe-ḱlóy-e ~ *ḱe-ḱli-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κέκλιται"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: κέκλιται (kéklitai)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: κέκλιται (kéklitai)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ćićrā́ya"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćićrā́ya",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćićrā́ya"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*śiśrā́ya"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śiśrā́ya",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śiśrā́ya"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शिश्राय",
"tr": "śiśrā́ya"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: शिश्राय (śiśrā́ya)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: शिश्राय (śiśrā́ya)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱléy-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*klímə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *klímə",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *klímə"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κλίμα",
"t": "slope, inclination; clime"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: κλίμα (klíma, “slope, inclination; clime”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: κλίμα (klíma, “slope, inclination; clime”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱléy-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kliyos",
"t": "left side"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kliyos (“left side”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kliyos (“left side”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱley-téh₂"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱley-wó-s (“sloped”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱli-tós (“leaning, sloped”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlóy-dʰro-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hlaidrijō",
"t": "ladder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hlaidrijō (“ladder”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hlaidrijō (“ladder”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlóy-neh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*klaina"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *klaina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *klaina"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "qye",
"t": "peak, summit"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: qye (“peak, summit”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: qye (“peak, summit”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱloy-w-ó-m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hlaiwą",
"t": "hill, burial mound"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *hlaiwą (“hill, burial mound”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *hlaiwą (“hill, burial mound”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱleyn-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "լինիմ",
"t": "to be"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: լինիմ (linim, “to be”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: լինիմ (linim, “to be”) (perhaps)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "լինել"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: լինել (linel)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: լինել (linel)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "լեառն",
"gloss": "mountain"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: լեառն (leaṙn, “mountain”)\nArmenian: լեռ (leṙ)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: լեառն (leaṙn, “mountain”)\nArmenian: լեռ (leṙ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "clēmēns"
},
"expansion": "Latin: clēmēns",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: clēmēns (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "श्रि"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: श्रि (śri)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: श्रि (śri)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"id": "incline",
"pos": "root"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱel-",
"id": "incline"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱel-",
"3": "*-éyti",
"id1": "incline",
"pos2": "*éy-present suffix",
"t1": "to incline"
},
"expansion": "*ḱel- (“to incline”) + *-éyti (*éy-present suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysed root of *ḱléyti, from *ḱel- (“to incline”) + *-éyti (*éy-present suffix).",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱley-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to lean, slope, incline"
],
"links": [
[
"lean",
"lean"
],
[
"slope",
"slope"
],
[
"incline",
"incline"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ine-pro:incline"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "ḱley-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ḱley- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (11.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.