See ḱlews- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlus-h₁yé-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*klusḗˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *klusḗˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *klusḗˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "klusêt"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: klusêt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: klusêt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*slyšati",
"t": "to hear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *slyšati (“to hear”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *slyšati (“to hear”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*klusīti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *klusīti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *klusīti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlows-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kláusīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kláusīˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kláusīˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "klausīt",
"t": "to obey, follow, comply with"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: klausīt (“to obey, follow, comply with”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: klausīt (“to obey, follow, comply with”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "klausýti",
"t": "to listen"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: klausýti (“to listen”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: klausýti (“to listen”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "klausiton",
"t": "to hear"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: klausiton (“to hear”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: klausiton (“to hear”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlu-né-s-ti ~ *ḱlu-n-s-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "լսեմ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: լսեմ (lsem)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: լսեմ (lsem) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*klunstei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *klunstei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *klunstei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "klùsti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: klùsti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: klùsti"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlows-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*ślaušás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ślaušás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ślaušás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*sluxъ",
"t": "hearing, rumor"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *sluxъ (“hearing, rumor”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *sluxъ (“hearing, rumor”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlows-teh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kloustā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kloustā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kloustā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlus-ró-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "լուռ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: լուռ (luṙ)\nArmenian: լուռ (luṙ)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: լուռ (luṙ)\nArmenian: լուռ (luṙ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlus-tí-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*śruštíš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *śruštíš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *śruštíš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*śruṣṭíṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śruṣṭíṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śruṣṭíṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "श्रुष्टि",
"t": "obedience",
"tr": "śruṣṭí"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: श्रुष्टि (śruṣṭí, “obedience”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: श्रुष्टि (śruṣṭí, “obedience”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱlew-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalyzed from *ḱléwseti, se-desiderative of *ḱlew-.",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlews-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CReRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ḱlew-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hear"
],
"id": "en-ḱlews--ine-pro-root-jqEb34OJ",
"links": [
[
"hear",
"hear"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "ḱlews-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlus-h₁yé-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*klusḗˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *klusḗˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *klusḗˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "klusêt"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: klusêt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: klusêt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*slyšati",
"t": "to hear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *slyšati (“to hear”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *slyšati (“to hear”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*klusīti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *klusīti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *klusīti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlows-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kláusīˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kláusīˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kláusīˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "klausīt",
"t": "to obey, follow, comply with"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: klausīt (“to obey, follow, comply with”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: klausīt (“to obey, follow, comply with”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "klausýti",
"t": "to listen"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: klausýti (“to listen”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: klausýti (“to listen”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "klausiton",
"t": "to hear"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: klausiton (“to hear”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: klausiton (“to hear”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlu-né-s-ti ~ *ḱlu-n-s-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hyx-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Armenian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "լսեմ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: լսեմ (lsem)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: լսեմ (lsem) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*klunstei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *klunstei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *klunstei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "klùsti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: klùsti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: klùsti"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlows-o-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*ślaušás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ślaušás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ślaušás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*sluxъ",
"t": "hearing, rumor"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *sluxъ (“hearing, rumor”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *sluxъ (“hearing, rumor”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlows-teh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kloustā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *kloustā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *kloustā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlus-ró-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "լուռ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: լուռ (luṙ)\nArmenian: լուռ (luṙ)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: լուռ (luṙ)\nArmenian: լուռ (luṙ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ḱlus-tí-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*śruštíš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *śruštíš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *śruštíš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*śruṣṭíṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śruṣṭíṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śruṣṭíṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "श्रुष्टि",
"t": "obedience",
"tr": "śruṣṭí"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: श्रुष्टि (śruṣṭí, “obedience”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: श्रुष्टि (śruṣṭí, “obedience”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱlew-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalyzed from *ḱléwseti, se-desiderative of *ḱlew-.",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlews-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European CReRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ḱlew-",
"ine-pro:Hearing"
],
"glosses": [
"to hear"
],
"links": [
[
"hear",
"hear"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "ḱlews-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ḱlews- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (5.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.