samafadrijaz

samafadrijaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
samafadrijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
samafadrijō (feminine nominative singular strong)
samafadrijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
samafadriją (neuter nominative singular strong)
-at (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
samafadrijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
samafadrijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
samafadrijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
samafadrijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
samafadrijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
samafadriją (accusative neuter singular strong)
-at (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
samafadrijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
samafadrijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
samafadrīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
samafadrijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
samafadrijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
samafadrijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
samafadrijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
samafadrīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
samafadrijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
samafadrijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
samafadrijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
samafadrijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
samafadrijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
samafadrijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
samafadrijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
samafadrijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
samafadrijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
samafadrijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
samafadrijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
samafadrijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
samafadrijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
samafadrijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
samafadrijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
samafadrijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
samafadrijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
samafadrijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
samafadrijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
samafadrijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
samafadrijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
samafadrijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
samafadrijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
samafadrijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
samafadrijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
samafadrīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
samafadrijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
samafadrijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
samafadrijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
samafadrīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
samafadrijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
samafadrīni (dative masculine singular weak)
samafadrijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
samafadrijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
samafadrijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
samafadrīni (dative neuter singular weak)
samafadrijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
samafadrīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
samafadrijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
samafadrijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
samafadrijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
samafadrīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
samafadrijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Norse: samfeðri

Icelandic: samfeðra

From pre-Germanic *somo-ph₂tr-(i)yos; equivalent to *samaz + *fadēr. Identical with Ancient Greek ὁμοπάτριος (homopátrios, “of the same father”).


samamōdrijaz

samamōdrijaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
samamōdrijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
samamōdrijō (feminine nominative singular strong)
samamōdrijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
samamōdriją (neuter nominative singular strong)
-at (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
samamōdrijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
samamōdrijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
samamōdrijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
samamōdrijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
samamōdrijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
samamōdriją (accusative neuter singular strong)
-at (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
samamōdrijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
samamōdrijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
samamōdrīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
samamōdrijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
samamōdrijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
samamōdrijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
samamōdrijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
samamōdrīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
samamōdrijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
samamōdrijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
samamōdrijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
samamōdrijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
samamōdrijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
samamōdrijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
samamōdrijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
samamōdrijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
samamōdrijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
samamōdrijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
samamōdrijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
samamōdrijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
samamōdrijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
samamōdrijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
samamōdrijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
samamōdrijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
samamōdrijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
samamōdrijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
samamōdrijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
samamōdrijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
samamōdrijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
samamōdrijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
samamōdrijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
samamōdrijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
samamōdrijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
samamōdrīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
samamōdrijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
samamōdrijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
samamōdrijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
samamōdrīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
samamōdrijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
samamōdrīni (dative masculine singular weak)
samamōdrijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
samamōdrijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
samamōdrijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
samamōdrīni (dative neuter singular weak)
samamōdrijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
samamōdrīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
samamōdrijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
samamōdrijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
samamōdrijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
samamōdrīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
samamōdrijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Norse: sammœðri

Icelandic: sammæðra

From pre-Germanic *somo-meh₂tr-(i)yos; equivalent to *samaz + *mōdēr. Identical with Ancient Greek ὁμομήτριος (homomḗtrios, “of the same mother”).


samakunjaz

samakunjaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
samakunjai (masculine nominative plural strong)
samakunjō (feminine nominative singular strong)
samakunjôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
samakunją (neuter nominative singular strong)
-at (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
samakunjō (neuter nominative plural strong)
samakunjanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
samakunjanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
samakunjǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
samakunjōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
samakunją (accusative neuter singular strong)
-at (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
samakunjō (accusative neuter plural strong)
samakunjas (genitive masculine singular strong)
samakunis (genitive masculine singular strong)
samakunjaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
samakunjaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
samakunjaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
samakunjas (genitive neuter singular strong)
samakunis (genitive neuter singular strong)
samakunjaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
samakunjammai (dative masculine singular strong)
samakunjaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
samakunjaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
samakunjaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
samakunjammai (dative neuter singular strong)
samakunjaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
samakunjanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
samakunjaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
samakunjaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
samakunjaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
samakunjanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
samakunjaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
samakunjô (masculine nominative singular weak)
samakunjaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
samakunjǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
samakunjōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
samakunjô (neuter nominative singular weak)
samakunjōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
samakunjanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
samakunjanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
samakunjōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
samakunjōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
samakunjô (accusative neuter singular weak)
samakunjōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
samakuniniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
samakunjanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
samakunjōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
samakunjōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
samakuniniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
samakunjanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
samakunini (dative masculine singular weak)
samakunjammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
samakunjōni (dative feminine singular weak)
samakunjōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
samakunini (dative neuter singular weak)
samakunjammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
samakuninē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
samakunjammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
samakunjōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
samakunjōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
samakuninē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
samakunjammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Norse: samkynja

Icelandic: samkynja

Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌽𐍃 (samakuns)

From *sama- + *kunją. Parallel formation with Ancient Greek ὁμόγνιος (homógnios, “of the same origin”).


skipārijaz

skipārijaz (nominative singular)
skipārijōz (nominative plural)
skipārijōs (nominative plural)
skipārī (singular vocative)
skipārijōz (plural vocative)
skipārijōs (plural vocative)
skipāriją (accusative singular)
skipārijanz (accusative plural)
skipārijas (genitive singular)
skipārīs (genitive singular)
skipārijǫ̂ (genitive plural)
skipārijai (dative singular)
skipārijamaz (dative plural)
skipārijō (instrumental singular)
skipārijamiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *skipārī
Old English: sċipere
Old Frisian: *skipere
Saterland Frisian: Skipper
West Frisian: skipper
Old Saxon: *skipāri
Middle Low German: schippære, schippere, schēpere
German Low German: Schipper
→ German: Schipper
Old Dutch: *skipāri
Middle Dutch: schipper
Dutch: schipper
→ Middle English: skippere
English: skipper
→ German: Skipper
Old High German: *skiffāri
Middle High German: schiffære, schiffere
German: Schiffer
Yiddish: שיפֿער (shifer)
→ Vulgar Latin: *schipārī (or from Old Norse skipari)
Old French: eschipre, eskipre
Middle French: eschipre, esquipe, scippre

Old Norse: skipari

Icelandic: skipari

Faroese: skipari

Norwegian Nynorsk: skipar

Swedish: skeppare

Danish: skipper

Norwegian Bokmål: skipper

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: skipper

→ Vulgar Latin: *schipari (or from Frankish *skipārī)


dūbaną

dūbō (active first-person indicative singular)
dūbaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
dūbai (first-person indicative passive singular)
dūbizi (active indicative second-person singular)
dūbaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
dūb (active imperative second-person singular)
dūbazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
dūbaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
dūbidi (active indicative singular third-person)
dūbai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
dūbadau (active imperative singular third-person)
dūbadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
dūbaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
dūbōz (active dual first-person indicative)
dūbaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
dūbadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
dūbaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
dūbadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
dūbamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
dūbaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
dūbandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
dūbaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
dūbid (active indicative plural second-person)
dūbaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
dūbid (active imperative plural second-person)
dūbandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
dūbaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
dūbandi (active indicative plural third-person)
dūbain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
dūbandau (active imperative plural third-person)
dūbandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
dūbaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
daub (active first-person indicative singular)
dubį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
dauft (active indicative second-person singular)
dubīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
daub (active indicative singular third-person)
dubī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
dubū (active dual first-person indicative)
dubīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
dubudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
dubīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
dubum (active first-person indicative plural)
dubīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
dubud (active indicative plural second-person)
dubīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
dubun (active indicative plural third-person)
dubīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
dūbandz (active participle present)
dubanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *dūban
Old English: dūfan
Middle English: duven, diven (merger with Old English dyfan and Proto-Germanic *dūbijaną)
English: dive
⇒ Old Dutch: *bidūvan
Middle Dutch: beduven
⇒ Dutch: bedoven

Old Norse: dúfa

Norwegian Bokmål: duve

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“deep”).


krīskaną

krīskō (active first-person indicative singular)
krīskaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
krīskai (first-person indicative passive singular)
krīskizi (active indicative second-person singular)
krīskaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
krīsk (active imperative second-person singular)
krīskazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
krīskaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
krīskidi (active indicative singular third-person)
krīskai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
krīskadau (active imperative singular third-person)
krīskadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
krīskaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
krīskōz (active dual first-person indicative)
krīskaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
krīskadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
krīskaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
krīskadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
krīskamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
krīskaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
krīskandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
krīskaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
krīskid (active indicative plural second-person)
krīskaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
krīskid (active imperative plural second-person)
krīskandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
krīskaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
krīskandi (active indicative plural third-person)
krīskain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
krīskandau (active imperative plural third-person)
krīskandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
krīskaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
kraisk (active first-person indicative singular)
kriskį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
kraist (active indicative second-person singular)
kriskīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
kraisk (active indicative singular third-person)
kriskī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
kriskū (active dual first-person indicative)
kriskīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
kriskudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
kriskīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
kriskum (active first-person indicative plural)
kriskīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
kriskud (active indicative plural second-person)
kriskīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
kriskun (active indicative plural third-person)
kriskīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
krīskandz (active participle present)
kriskanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *krīskan
Old Saxon: *krīskan
Middle Low German: krîschen, krissen, krisken, kreisen, krêsen
Old Dutch: *crīscan
Middle Dutch: criscen, crischen
Dutch: krijsen
West Frisian: krieze
⇒ West Frisian: kryskje
Limburgish: kriesje, kriese
→ Old French: crincier
Middle French: crincier
French: crincer
⇒ Old French: recrincier
⇒ Old French: crinçon
Old High German: *krīskan
Middle High German: krīschen
German: kreischen (weak, probably through merger with the causative < MHG kreischen)
Central Franconian: kriesche, kreische
Luxembourgish: kräischen
Hunsrik: kreische

From Proto-Indo-European *grey- (“to shout”); see *krītaną.


steupabarną

steupabarną (nominative singular)
steupabarnō (nominative plural)
steupabarną (singular vocative)
steupabarnō (plural vocative)
steupabarną (accusative singular)
steupabarnō (accusative plural)
steupabarnas (genitive singular)
steupabarnis (genitive singular)
steupabarnǫ̂ (genitive plural)
steupabarnai (dative singular)
steupabarnamaz (dative plural)
steupabarnō (instrumental singular)
steupabarnamiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *steupabarn

Old English: stēopbearn
Middle English: stepbarn, steopbern, steopbearn (Early Middle English)
English: stepbarn
Scots: stepbairn
→ English: stepbairn

Old High German: stiofbarn

Old Norse: stjúpbarn

Icelandic: stjúpbarn

Faroese: stjúkbarn

Swedish: styvbarn


steupa-

Proto-West Germanic: *steupa-
Old English: stēop-, stēp-
Middle English: steop-, step-, stappe-, ste-
English: step-
Scots: step-
Old Frisian: stiāp-
Saterland Frisian: stäif- (possibly from Low German)
West Frisian: styp-, styf-
Old Saxon: *stiop-
Middle Low German: stiep-, stip-, stêf-, stîf-
German Low German: steev-, steef-
Old Dutch: *stiop-
Middle Dutch: stiep-, stippe-, stief-
Dutch: stief-
Old High German: stiof-
Middle High German: stief-
German: stief-

Old Norse: stjúp-

Icelandic: stjúp-

Faroese: stjúk- (?)

Norwegian: styk- (< stjúk-, stýk-)

Swedish: styv- (possibly merged with Low German)

Danish: stiv-, stif-, sted- (through reinterpretation)

From *steupaz (“pushed away; cut off; abandoned; deserted; orphaned”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to push”).


steubaną

steubō (active first-person indicative singular)
steubaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
steubai (first-person indicative passive singular)
stiubizi (active indicative second-person singular)
steubaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
steub (active imperative second-person singular)
steubazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
steubaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
stiubidi (active indicative singular third-person)
steubai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
steubadau (active imperative singular third-person)
steubadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
steubaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
steubōz (active dual first-person indicative)
steubaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
steubadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
steubaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
steubadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
steubamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
steubaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
steubandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
steubaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
stiubid (active indicative plural second-person)
steubaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stiubid (active imperative plural second-person)
steubandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
steubaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
steubandi (active indicative plural third-person)
steubain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
steubandau (active imperative plural third-person)
steubandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
steubaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
staub (active first-person indicative singular)
stubį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stauft (active indicative second-person singular)
stubīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
staub (active indicative singular third-person)
stubī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stubū (active dual first-person indicative)
stubīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stubudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stubīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stubum (active first-person indicative plural)
stubīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stubud (active indicative plural second-person)
stubīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stubun (active indicative plural third-person)
stubīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
steubandz (active participle present)
stubanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *steuban
Old Frisian: *stūva
Saterland Frisian: stuuwe
West Frisian: stowe
Old Saxon: *stiovan, *stūvan
Middle Low German: stûven
German Low German: stuven
Old Dutch: *stūvan
Middle Dutch: stuven
Dutch: stuiven
Old High German: stioban
Middle High German: stieben, stiuben
German: stieben

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, smoke, obscure”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to whirl, waft, stink, shake; steam, haze, smoke”).


alasnō

alasnō (nominative singular)
alasnôz (nominative plural)
alasnō (singular vocative)
alasnôz (plural vocative)
alasnǭ (accusative singular)
alasnōz (accusative plural)
alasnōz (genitive singular)
alasnǫ̂ (genitive plural)
alasnōi (dative singular)
alasnōmaz (dative plural)
alasnō (instrumental singular)
alasnōmiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *alasnu, *alisnu, *alisnu
Old Saxon: *alansa
Middle Low German: alse, elase, elasene
Old Dutch: *alsina
Middle Dutch: elsne, elsene, elsen, alsene
Dutch: els, (dialectal) elase
→ Middle English: elsen, elsyn, elson, alsene
English: elsin, elsen (dialectal, UK)
Scots: elsin, elsing, elson
Old High German: alansa, alesna
Middle High German: *alesne, *elnse
German: Alesne, Alse, Else (dialectal, Swiss German)
→ Vulgar Latin: *alisna, *lexina (see there for further descendants)

q

Gothic: *𐌰𐌻𐌹𐍃𐌽𐌰 (*alisna) (unattested; possibly loaned into Romance)


alizō

alizō (nominative singular)
alizôz (nominative plural)
alizō (singular vocative)
alizôz (plural vocative)
alizǭ (accusative singular)
alizōz (accusative plural)
alizōz (genitive singular)
alizǫ̂ (genitive plural)
alizōi (dative singular)
alizōmaz (dative plural)
alizō (instrumental singular)
alizōmiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *aliʀu, *alisu, *aluʀu
Old English: alor, aler
Middle English: aldre, alder, aldur, aldyr, aleyre, aller, alre, althir; olr
English: alder
Scots: aller
Old Dutch: *alisa
Middle Dutch: else
Dutch: els
Old High German: alar, erila, elira, *alisa, *elisa
Middle High German: alze, els, eller, elre
German: Erle
→ Vulgar Latin: *alisa
Old French: alie, allie, alis
Middle French: alie, alise
French: alise

Old Norse: ǫlr, alr

Icelandic: elri

Norwegian: or, older

Danish: el

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂élis- (“alder”).


haspijǭ

haspijǭ (nominative singular)
haspijōniz (nominative plural)
haspijǭ (singular vocative)
haspijōniz (plural vocative)
haspijōnų (accusative singular)
haspijōnunz (accusative plural)
haspijōniz (genitive singular)
haspijōnǫ̂ (genitive plural)
haspijōni (dative singular)
haspijōmaz (dative plural)
haspijōnē (instrumental singular)
haspijōmiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *haspijā

Old English: hæpse; hæsp

Middle English: haspe, hespe

English: hasp

→ Irish: haspa

Scots: hesp

Old Frisian: *hespe

Saterland Frisian: Häspe; Häsp

Old Saxon: *haspia, *hespia

Middle Low German: haspe, hespe

→ Danish: hasp, hæspe

→ Swedish: hasp

→ Norwegian: hespe

Old Dutch: *haspa

Middle Dutch: haspe

Dutch: hasp, haps (obsolete)

Old High German: *haspa

Middle High German: haspe, hespe

German: Haspe, Häspe

Old Norse: hespa

Icelandic: hespa

Faroese: hespa

Gothic: *haspa

→ Vulgar Latin: *haspa (see there for further descendants)

From earlier *hapsijǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kamb- (“crooked; bent”).

der

haspel

Old Frisian: *haspel, *hespel; West Frisian


-snō

-snō (nominative singular)
-snôz (nominative plural)
-snō (singular vocative)
-snôz (plural vocative)
-snǭ (accusative singular)
-snōz (accusative plural)
-snōz (genitive singular)
-snǫ̂ (genitive plural)
-snōi (dative singular)
-snōmaz (dative plural)
-snō (instrumental singular)
-snōmiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *-snu
Old English: -sn
Old Saxon: *-sna
Old Dutch: *-sna
Old High German: -sna, -nsa

Gothic: -𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌰 (-asna), -𐍃𐌽𐌰 (-sna)

Forms nouns denoting a tool or instrument.


adisô

adisô (nominative singular)
adisaniz (nominative plural)
adisô (singular vocative)
adisaniz (plural vocative)
adisanų (accusative singular)
adisanunz (accusative plural)
adisiniz (genitive singular)
adisanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
adisini (dative singular)
adisammaz (dative plural)
adisinē (instrumental singular)
adisammiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *adisō
Old English: adesa, eadesa
Middle English: adse
Scots: eetch
English: adze

/ˈɑ.ði.sɔːː/

From pre-Germanic *Hodʰ-es-on-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃edʰḗs (compare Hittite [script needed] (atešša, “adze, axe, hatchet”)).

cog

Brill Publishers
Germanic parent language


nanþijaną

nanþijō (active first-person indicative singular)
nanþijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
nanþijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
nanþīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
nanþijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
nanþī (active imperative second-person singular)
nanþijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
nanþijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
nanþīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
nanþijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
nanþijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
nanþijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
nanþijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
nanþijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
nanþijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
nanþijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
nanþijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
nanþijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
nanþijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
nanþijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
nanþijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
nanþijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
nanþīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
nanþijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
nanþīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
nanþijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
nanþijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
nanþijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
nanþijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
nanþijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
nanþijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
nanþijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
nanþidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
nanþidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
nanþidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
nanþidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
nanþidē (active indicative singular third-person)
nanþidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
nanþidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
nanþidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
nanþidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
nanþidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
nanþidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
nanþidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
nanþidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
nanþidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
nanþidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
nanþidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
nanþijandz (active participle present)
nanþidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *nanþijan
Old English: nēþan
Old Frisian: nētha
Old Saxon: nāthian
Middle Low German: nêden
Old Dutch: nenden
Middle Dutch: nenden
Old High German: nenden
Middle High German: nenden

Old Norse: nenna

Gothic: *𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (anananþjan)

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gananþjan)


flugilaz

flugilaz (nominative singular)
flugilōz (nominative plural)
flugilōs (nominative plural)
flugil (singular vocative)
flugilōz (plural vocative)
flugilōs (plural vocative)
flugilą (accusative singular)
flugilanz (accusative plural)
flugilas (genitive singular)
flugilis (genitive singular)
flugilǫ̂ (genitive plural)
flugilai (dative singular)
flugilamaz (dative plural)
flugilō (instrumental singular)
flugilamiz (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: *flugil

Middle Low German: vlȫgel

German Low German: Flögel

→ Saterland Frisian: Flöägel

→ Swedish: flöjel

Old Dutch: *flugil

Middle Dutch: vlōghel, vlegel, vleughel

Dutch: vleugel

Afrikaans: vleuel

→ West Frisian: fleugel

Limburgish: vläögel, vleugel

Old High German: *flugil

Middle High German: vlügel

German: Flügel

→ Danish: flygel

→ Norwegian Bokmål: flygel

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: flygel

→ Swedish: flygel

Luxembourgish: Fligel

Vilamovian: fłygel

Yiddish: פֿליגל (fligl)


slutilaz

slutilaz (nominative singular)
slutilōz (nominative plural)
slutilōs (nominative plural)
slutil (singular vocative)
slutilōz (plural vocative)
slutilōs (plural vocative)
slutilą (accusative singular)
slutilanz (accusative plural)
slutilas (genitive singular)
slutilis (genitive singular)
slutilǫ̂ (genitive plural)
slutilai (dative singular)
slutilamaz (dative plural)
slutilō (instrumental singular)
slutilamiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *slutil
Old Frisian: sletel, slotel
West Frisian: slotel
Old Saxon: slutil
Middle Low German: slȫtel, slȫttel
German Low German: Slötel
Old Dutch: *slutil
Middle Dutch: slōtel, sluetel
Dutch: sleutel
Afrikaans: sleutel
Berbice Creole Dutch: slotro, slutro
Negerhollands: sleuter, sleetel
→ Lokono: shilotoro
→ Aukan: sooto
→ Saramaccan: sòotó
→ Sranan Tongo: sroto, slotto
→ Caribbean Javanese: sroto
→ Trió: soroto
→ Warao: sidyotóre, sidiotore
Limburgish: släötel
West Flemish: sloter
Old High German: sluzzil
Middle High German: slüzzel
Bavarian: Schlissl
Cimbrian: slüssel
German: Schlüssel
Hunsrik: Schlissel
Luxembourgish: Schlëssel
Vilamovian: śłysuł
Yiddish: שליסל (shlisl)


radō

radō (nominative singular)
radôz (nominative plural)
radō (singular vocative)
radôz (plural vocative)
radǭ (accusative singular)
radōz (accusative plural)
radōz (genitive singular)
radǫ̂ (genitive plural)
radōi (dative singular)
radōmaz (dative plural)
radō (instrumental singular)
radōmiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *radu

Old Saxon: *rada

Middle Low German: rāde, rat

Old Norse: rǫð

Icelandic: röð

Faroese: rað

Norwegian: rad

Swedish: rad

Danish: rad

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥h₁dʰ-éh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂reh₁dʰ- (“to order; arrange”).


drōhs

drōhs (nominative singular)
drōhiz (nominative plural)
drōh (singular vocative)
drōhiz (plural vocative)
drōhų (accusative singular)
drōhunz (accusative plural)
drōhiz (genitive singular)
drōhǫ̂ (genitive plural)
drōhi (dative singular)
drōhumaz (dative plural)
drōhē (instrumental singular)
drōhumiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: drōs

Middle English: drosse, dros

English: dross

Scots: dros, drose, drosse

Old Dutch: *druos

Middle Dutch: droes

Dutch: droes

Old High German: truos, gitruos

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks, likely of non-Indo-European origin.


hittijaną

hittijō (active first-person indicative singular)
hittijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hittijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hittīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
hittijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hittī (active imperative second-person singular)
hittijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hittijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hittīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hittijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hittijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hittijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hittijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hittijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hittijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hittijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hittijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hittijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hittijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hittijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hittijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hittijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hittīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hittijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hittīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hittijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hittijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hittijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hittijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hittijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hittijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hittijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hittidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hittidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hittidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hittidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hittidē (active indicative singular third-person)
hittidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hittidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hittidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hittidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hittidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hittidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hittidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hittidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hittidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hittidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hittidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hittijandz (active participle present)
hittidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *hittijan
Old English: hittan (possibly from Old Norse instead)
Middle English: hitten
English: hit
Scots: hit
Old Dutch: *hitten
Middle Dutch: hitten

Old Norse: hitta

Icelandic: hitta

Faroese: hitta

Norwegian Nynorsk: hitta

Norwegian Bokmål: hitte

Swedish: hitta

Danish: hitte

From Proto-Indo-European *kh₂eyd- (“to fall upon; encounter; hit; cut; hew”).

der

To encounter; meet with; make contact; hit


drōhsnō

drōhsnō (nominative singular)
drōhsnôz (nominative plural)
drōhsnō (singular vocative)
drōhsnôz (plural vocative)
drōhsnǭ (accusative singular)
drōhsnōz (accusative plural)
drōhsnōz (genitive singular)
drōhsnǫ̂ (genitive plural)
drōhsnōi (dative singular)
drōhsnōmaz (dative plural)
drōhsnō (instrumental singular)
drōhsnōmiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *drōsnu
Old English: drōsna, drōsne (< *drōhsnǭ)
Middle English: drosen, drowsyn
Old Dutch: *druosana
Middle Dutch: droesene
Dutch: droesem
Afrikaans: droesem
Old High German: truosana, trōsana
Middle High German: truosen
Alemannic German: Truese
German: (obsolete) Drusen, Trusen

Gothic: 𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌽𐌰 (drauhsna) (< zero-grade *druhsnō)


dragjō

dragjō (nominative singular)
dragjôz (nominative plural)
dragjō (singular vocative)
dragjôz (plural vocative)
dragjǭ (accusative singular)
dragjōz (accusative plural)
dragjōz (genitive singular)
dragjǫ̂ (genitive plural)
dragjōi (dative singular)
dragjōmaz (dative plural)
dragjō (instrumental singular)
dragjōmiz (instrumental plural)

Old Norse: dregg

Icelandic: dregg

Swedish: drägg

→ Middle English: dregges (plural)

English: dregs

desc

→? Proto-Finnic: *rahka (“quark, curds”) (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰragʰ-yeh₂, from *dʰrā́ks.


ganhāną

ganhō (active first-person indicative singular)
ganhaisi (active indicative second-person singular)
ganhai (active imperative second-person singular)
ganhāsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
ganhaiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
ganhāþau (active imperative singular third-person)
ganhāþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
ganhōs (active dual first-person indicative)
ganhāþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ganhāþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
ganhāmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
ganhānþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
ganhaiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
ganhaiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
ganhānþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
ganhānþi (active indicative plural third-person)
ganhānþau (active imperative plural third-person)
ganhānþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
ganhadǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
ganhadēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ganhadēz (active indicative second-person singular)
ganhadēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ganhadē (active indicative singular third-person)
ganhadēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ganhadēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
ganhadēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
ganhadēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ganhadēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ganhadēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
ganhadēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ganhadēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
ganhadēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ganhadēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
ganhadēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ganhāndz (active participle present)
ganhadaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: gá

Icelandic: gá

Faroese: gáa

Elfdalian: gą̊

/ˈɣɑ̃ː.xɑː.nɑ̃/

(North Germanic) to inspect; to take into account


ganhatjaną

ganhatjō (active first-person indicative singular)
ganhatjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ganhatjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
ganhatisi (active indicative second-person singular)
ganhatjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ganhati (active imperative second-person singular)
ganhatjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
ganhatjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
ganhatiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
ganhatjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ganhatjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
ganhatjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
ganhatjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
ganhatjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
ganhatjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
ganhatjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ganhatjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ganhatjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
ganhatjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
ganhatjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ganhatjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
ganhatjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
ganhatiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
ganhatjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ganhatiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
ganhatjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
ganhatjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
ganhatjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
ganhatjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ganhatjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
ganhatjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
ganhatjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
ganhastǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
ganhastēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ganhastēz (active indicative second-person singular)
ganhastēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ganhastē (active indicative singular third-person)
ganhastēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ganhastēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
ganhastēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
ganhastēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ganhastēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ganhastēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
ganhastēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ganhastēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
ganhastēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ganhastēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
ganhastēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ganhatjandz (active participle present)
ganhatidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Old Norse: gæta
Icelandic: gæta
Faroese: gæta
Norwegian: gjeta, gjete
Dalecarlian: gäta (pret. gätäd)
Elfdalian: &ᚬT (gę’tt, supine), inf. gęta
Old Swedish: gǣta
Swedish: gäta

/ˈɣɑ̃ː.xɑt.jɑ.nɑ̃/

(North Germanic) to watch, tend, take care of


trahnuz

trahnuz (nominative singular)
trahniwiz (nominative plural)
trahnu (singular vocative)
trahniwiz (plural vocative)
trahnų (accusative singular)
trahnunz (accusative plural)
trahnauz (genitive singular)
trahniwǫ̂ (genitive plural)
trahniwi (dative singular)
trahnumaz (dative plural)
trahnū (instrumental singular)
trahnumiz (instrumental plural)

Old Frisian: *trān, *trēn

Saterland Frisian: Troone

West Frisian: trien

Old Saxon: trahn; trahni (pl)

Middle Low German: trān, trāne

German Low German: Traan

→ German: Tran (“fish oil”)

Old Dutch: trān

Middle Dutch: trâen

Dutch: traan

→ West Frisian: traan

Limburgish: traon

Old High German: trahan, trān

Middle High German: trahen, trān, trōn; træne (pl); trahær, traher, treher

Central Franconian: Tron

German: Träne

From Proto-Indo-European *draḱru-, a variant of Proto-Indo-European *dáḱru- (“tear”).


barmaz

barmaz (nominative singular)
barmōz (nominative plural)
barmōs (nominative plural)
barm (singular vocative)
barmōz (plural vocative)
barmōs (plural vocative)
barmą (accusative singular)
barmanz (accusative plural)
barmas (genitive singular)
barmis (genitive singular)
barmǫ̂ (genitive plural)
barmai (dative singular)
barmamaz (dative plural)
barmō (instrumental singular)
barmamiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *barm
Old English: bearm
Middle English: barm, barme, bearm, berm, berme
English: barm
Scots: berme, berm, barm
Old Frisian: *barm
⇒ Old Frisian: barmbracco
Old Saxon: barm
Middle Low German: barme
Old High German: barm
Middle High German: barm, barn, parm
German: Barm

Old Norse: baðmr m, barmr m

Icelandic: baðmur m, barmur m

Faroese: barmur m

Norwegian Bokmål: barm m

Norwegian Nynorsk: barm m

Swedish: barm c

Danish: barm c

Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃 m (barms) (< *barmiz)

→ Proto-Finnic: *parmas (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰór-mo-s, from *bʰer- (“to bear”) + *-mos. Cognate with Ancient Greek φορμός (phormós, “basket for carrying”).


barmaz

Proto-West Germanic: *barm

Old Frisian: *barm, *berm

West Frisian: barm, berm

Old Saxon: *barm

Middle Low German: barm, berme

German Low German: Berme

→ German: Berme

Old Dutch: *barm

Middle Dutch: barm, barem, baerm

Dutch: berm

→ French: berme

→ English: berm

Old Norse: barmr

Icelandic: barmur

Faroese: barmur

Norwegian Bokmål: barm

Swedish: barm

Danish: barm

Origin uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰern- (“to project”).

unk

Origin uncertain


regnadrupô

regnadrupô (nominative singular)
regnadrupaniz (nominative plural)
regnadrupô (singular vocative)
regnadrupaniz (plural vocative)
regnadrupanų (accusative singular)
regnadrupanunz (accusative plural)
regnadrupiniz (genitive singular)
regnadrupanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
regnadrupini (dative singular)
regnadrupammaz (dative plural)
regnadrupinē (instrumental singular)
regnadrupammiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *regnadropō

Old English: reġndropa

desc

Middle English: reyn-drope, rein-drope, rayn droppe

English: raindrop

Scots: rayndrap

Old Frisian: *reindropa

Saterland Frisian: Riendroupe, Riendruppe

West Frisian: reindrip

Old Saxon: *regindropo, *regandropo

Middle Low German: rēgendrōpe, rēgendroppe

German Low German: Regendrüpp

Plautdietsch: Räajendrepp

Old Dutch: *regandropo

Middle Dutch: regendrup, regendrop

Dutch: regendruppel, regendroppel

Afrikaans: reëndruppel

Limburgish: regendröppel

Old High German: regantropfo

Middle High German: regentropfe

German: Regentropfen

Luxembourgish: Reendrëps

Old Norse: *regndropi

Icelandic: regndropi

Faroese: regndropi

Norwegian: regndråpe

Swedish: regndroppe

Danish: regndråbe

Elfdalian: raingendrupi, raingendrupå

Gutnish: regndrupe, regndrupa


bēaną

bēō (active first-person indicative singular)
bēaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
bēai (first-person indicative passive singular)
bēizi (active indicative second-person singular)
bēaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
bē (active imperative second-person singular)
bēazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
bēaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
bēidi (active indicative singular third-person)
bēai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
bēadau (active imperative singular third-person)
bēadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
bēaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
bēōz (active dual first-person indicative)
bēaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
bēadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
bēaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
bēadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
bēamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
bēaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
bēandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
bēaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
bēid (active indicative plural second-person)
bēaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
bēid (active imperative plural second-person)
bēandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
bēaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
bēandi (active indicative plural third-person)
bēain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
bēandau (active imperative plural third-person)
bēandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
bēaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
bebō (active first-person indicative singular)
bebōį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
bebōt (active indicative second-person singular)
bebōīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
bebō (active indicative singular third-person)
bebōī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
bebōū (active dual first-person indicative)
bebōīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
bebōudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
bebōīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
bebōum (active first-person indicative plural)
bebōīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
bebōud (active indicative plural second-person)
bebōīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
bebōun (active indicative plural third-person)
bebōīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
bēandz (active participle present)
bēanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Saxon: *bāian, *bahian

⇒ Old Saxon: bāunga

Middle Low German: beien, bēen, bēgen, bēden

Low German: boaien

Old Dutch: *bāien

Middle Dutch: *bâyen

Dutch: baaien

→ West Frisian: baaie

Old High German: bājan, bahen, bāen, pāan, pāwan

Middle High German: bæjen, bæhen, bæn

German: bähen

→⇒? Proto-Finnic: *peittädäk (< *bēja-)

/ˈbɛː.ɑ.nɑ̃/

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₁- (“to heat up; bathe”).


splītaną

splītō (active first-person indicative singular)
splītaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
splītai (first-person indicative passive singular)
splītizi (active indicative second-person singular)
splītaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
splīt (active imperative second-person singular)
splītazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
splītaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
splītidi (active indicative singular third-person)
splītai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
splītadau (active imperative singular third-person)
splītadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
splītaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
splītōz (active dual first-person indicative)
splītaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
splītadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
splītaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
splītadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
splītamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
splītaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
splītandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
splītaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
splītid (active indicative plural second-person)
splītaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
splītid (active imperative plural second-person)
splītandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
splītaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
splītandi (active indicative plural third-person)
splītain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
splītandau (active imperative plural third-person)
splītandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
splītaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
splait (active first-person indicative singular)
splitį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
splaist (active indicative second-person singular)
splitīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
splait (active indicative singular third-person)
splitī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
splitū (active dual first-person indicative)
splitīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
splitudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
splitīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
splitum (active first-person indicative plural)
splitīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
splitud (active indicative plural second-person)
splitīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
splitun (active indicative plural third-person)
splitīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
splītandz (active participle present)
splitanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *splītan
Old Frisian: splīta
West Frisian: splite
Old Saxon: *splītan
Middle Low German: splîten
Low German: splieten
Old Dutch: splītan
Middle Dutch: spliten
Dutch: splijten
→? English: split
Limburgish: spliete
Old High German: splīzan
Middle High German: splīzen
German: spleißen

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)pley- (“to split, splice”). Cognate with Middle Irish slis (“shavings, splinters”).


tuską

tuską (nominative singular)
tuskō (nominative plural)
tuską (singular vocative)
tuskō (plural vocative)
tuską (accusative singular)
tuskō (accusative plural)
tuskas (genitive singular)
tuskis (genitive singular)
tuskǫ̂ (genitive plural)
tuskai (dative singular)
tuskamaz (dative plural)
tuskō (instrumental singular)
tuskamiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: tosca

Old Norse: *tusk, *tosk

Swedish: tåssa, tossa

Elfdalian: tuosk


maisō

gem-decl-noun-table

*maisō (ō-stem)

maisō (nominative singular)
maisôz (nominative plural)
maisō (singular vocative)
maisôz (plural vocative)
maisǭ (accusative singular)
maisōz (accusative plural)
maisōz (genitive singular)
maisǫ̂ (genitive plural)
maisōi (dative singular)
maisōmaz (dative plural)
maisō (instrumental singular)
maisōmiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *maisu, *maisijā
Old English: *mǣse (< *maisijā)
Middle English: mese, meise, mayse (also possibly from Old Norse)
English: mease
Scots: mese, maise
Old Saxon: *mēsa
Middle Low German: mêse, meise
Old Dutch: *mēsa
Middle Dutch: mese, meyse, miese
Dutch: mees
Old High German: meisa (strong o-stem), meissa (weak n-stem)
Middle High German: meise (strong o-stem), meise (weak n-stem)
German: Meise (“carrying basket, satchel, backpack”)
→ Old French: meise, maise
Middle French: maise, mese, meze, mase, masse, meisse, meeze, meesse, moise, mose

Old Norse: meiss m (< *maisaz)

Faroese: meis

Norwegian: meis

→⇒ Scots: mesgar

Uncertain. Possibly from *maisaz (“sheepskin sheath”), from Proto-Indo-European *moysós (“sheep, sheepskin, fleece, hose”).


nasją

nasją (nominative singular)
nasjō (nominative plural)
nasją (singular vocative)
nasjō (plural vocative)
nasją (accusative singular)
nasjō (accusative plural)
nasjas (genitive singular)
nasis (genitive singular)
nasjǫ̂ (genitive plural)
nasjai (dative singular)
nasjamaz (dative plural)
nasjō (instrumental singular)
nasjamiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: ness n; næss, næs m; næse f

Middle English: nesse

English: ness

Scots: nesse, nes

Old Saxon: *nessi

Middle Low German: nes

Old Dutch: nesse, nisse (in placenames)

Middle Dutch: nesse, nes

Dutch: nes

desctree

Old Norse: nes
Icelandic: nes
Faroese: nes
Norwegian Nynorsk: nes
Swedish: näs
Danish: næs
Norwegian Bokmål: nes

From Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s (“nostril; nose”).


snauþuz

snauþuz (masculine nominative singular strong)
snauþijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
snauþī (feminine nominative singular strong)
snauþijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
snauþų (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
snauþijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
snauþijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
snauþijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
snauþijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
snauþijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
snauþų (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
snauþijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
snauþijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
snauþīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
snauþijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
snauþijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
snauþijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
snauþijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
snauþīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
snauþijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
snauþijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
snauþijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
snauþijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
snauþijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
snauþijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
snauþijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
snauþijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
snauþijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
snauþijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
snauþijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
snauþijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
snauþijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
snauþijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
snauþijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
snauþijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
snauþijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
snauþijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
snauþijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
snauþijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
snauþijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
snauþijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
snauþijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
snauþijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
snauþijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
snauþīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
snauþijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
snauþijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
snauþijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
snauþīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
snauþijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
snauþīni (dative masculine singular weak)
snauþijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
snauþijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
snauþijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
snauþīni (dative neuter singular weak)
snauþijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
snauþīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
snauþijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
snauþijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
snauþijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
snauþīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
snauþijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Dutch: *snōthi

Middle Dutch: snôde

Dutch: snood, sneu

Old High German:

Middle High German: snoede

German: schnöde

Old Norse: snauðr

Icelandic: snauður

Norwegian Bokmål: snau

Norwegian Nynorsk: snau

Swedish: snöd

desc

⇒ Proto-Germanic: *sneuþaną, *snuþanaz (part.past.)

Old High German:

Middle High German: be-snoten (“poor”)

Old Norse: snoðinn (“bald, shaved”)

⇒ Proto-Germanic: *snuþjaną

Old English: be-snyþþan (“to rob”)

From Proto-Indo-European *ksnéw-tu-s, from *ksnew- (“to scrape, sharpen”).


spenô

spenô (nominative singular)
spenaniz (nominative plural)
spenô (singular vocative)
spenaniz (plural vocative)
spenanų (accusative singular)
spenanunz (accusative plural)
spininiz (genitive singular)
spenanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
spinini (dative singular)
spenammaz (dative plural)
spininē (instrumental singular)
spenammiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: *spana; spanu; spane

Old Frisian: *spen

West Frisian: spien

Old Saxon: *speno; *spana, *span

Middle Low German: spēne; spone, spon

Low German: spene, späne

→ English: spean (possibly from Middle Dutch)

Frankish: *spenō, *spanō

Old Dutch: *speno

Middle Dutch: spene

Dutch: speen

Old High German: *speno; *spena

Middle High German: spen

Old Norse: speni (“nipple”)

Icelandic: speni

Faroese: spini (“teat; penis”)

Norwegian: spene

Swedish: spene, späne

Danish: spene

From Proto-Indo-European *pstén-o-s, from *pstḗn (“breast, nipple”).


hidrê

Old English: hider

Middle English: hider, hither

English: hither

Proto-Norse: ᚺᛖᛞᛖᚱᛡ (hederᴀ) (Stentoften stone), ᚺᛡᛁᛞᛖᚱᛡ (hᴀiderᴀ) (Björketorp stone)

Old Norse: heðra

Icelandic: heðra, héðra

Faroese: higar

Gothic: 𐌷𐌹𐌳𐍂𐌴 (hidrē)

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱíteros (“here”).


raubijaną

raubijō (active first-person indicative singular)
raubijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
raubijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
raubīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
raubijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
raubī (active imperative second-person singular)
raubijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
raubijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
raubīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
raubijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
raubijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
raubijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
raubijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
raubijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
raubijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
raubijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
raubijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
raubijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
raubijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
raubijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
raubijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
raubijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
raubīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
raubijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
raubīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
raubijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
raubijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
raubijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
raubijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
raubijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
raubijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
raubijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
raubidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
raubidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
raubidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
raubidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
raubidē (active indicative singular third-person)
raubidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
raubidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
raubidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
raubidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
raubidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
raubidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
raubidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
raubidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
raubidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
raubidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
raubidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
raubijandz (active participle present)
raubidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: *rīefan

⇒ Old English: berīefan, berȳfan

i

merged with <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">berēafian</i>

Middle English: bireven (merged with berēafian)

English: bereave

Scots: bereve, bereif

Old Norse: reyfa

Icelandic: reyfa

Danish: røve

Norwegian Bokmål: røve

→ Faroese: røva

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: røva

Swedish: röva

From Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to snatch”).
According to Kroonen the verb is a merger of:
* An intensive formation equivalent to *reufaną (“to tear”) + *-janą.
* A denominal formation equivalent to *raubaz (“robbery”) + *-janą.


linþaz

linþaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
linþai (masculine nominative plural strong)
linþō (feminine nominative singular strong)
linþôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
linþą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-at (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
linþō (neuter nominative plural strong)
linþanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
linþanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
linþǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
linþōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
linþą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-at (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
linþō (accusative neuter plural strong)
linþas (genitive masculine singular strong)
linþis (genitive masculine singular strong)
linþaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
linþaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
linþaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
linþas (genitive neuter singular strong)
linþis (genitive neuter singular strong)
linþaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
linþammai (dative masculine singular strong)
linþaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
linþaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
linþaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
linþammai (dative neuter singular strong)
linþaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
linþanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
linþaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
linþaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
linþaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
linþanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
linþaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
linþô (masculine nominative singular weak)
linþaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
linþǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
linþōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
linþô (neuter nominative singular weak)
linþōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
linþanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
linþanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
linþōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
linþōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
linþô (accusative neuter singular weak)
linþōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
linþiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
linþanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
linþōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
linþōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
linþiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
linþanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
linþini (dative masculine singular weak)
linþammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
linþōni (dative feminine singular weak)
linþōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
linþini (dative neuter singular weak)
linþammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
linþinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
linþammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
linþōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
linþōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
linþinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
linþammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *linþ(ī)
Old English: līþe
Middle English: lithe, lythe
English: lithe
Scots: lythe, lyth
Old Frisian: *līthe
Saterland Frisian: lied
Old Saxon: līthi
Middle Low German: linde (probably borrowed from High German)
German Low German: linde
Plautdietsch: lind
→ Old Danish: lind
Old Dutch: *lindi
Middle Dutch: linde
Dutch: lind (obsolete)
Old High German: lind, lindi
Middle High German: lint, linde
German: lind, linde

Old Norse: linnr
Icelandic: linnur
⇒ Old Norse: linnormr
Icelandic: linnormur
Norwegian: linnorm
Old Swedish: lindormber
Swedish: lindorm
Danish: lindorm
Faroese: lindormur

Norwegian Nynorsk: linn

Gothic: *𐌻𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃 (*linþs)

→? Vulgar Latin: *lindus

Old Spanish: lindo

Spanish: lindo

Portuguese: lindo

From Proto-Indo-European *lént-o-s. Cognate with Latin lentus (“flexible, sticky”), Lithuanian lentà (“board”).

gelinde

Middle Low German: gelinde (possibly borrowed from High German)


linþaz

linþaz (nominative singular)
linþōz (nominative plural)
linþōs (nominative plural)
linþ (singular vocative)
linþōz (plural vocative)
linþōs (plural vocative)
linþą (accusative singular)
linþanz (accusative plural)
linþas (genitive singular)
linþis (genitive singular)
linþǫ̂ (genitive plural)
linþai (dative singular)
linþamaz (dative plural)
linþō (instrumental singular)
linþamiz (instrumental plural)

Old High German: lind

Middle High German: lint

Old Norse: linnr, linni

Icelandic: linnur


skaunį̄

skaunį̄ (nominative singular)
skaunīniz (nominative plural)
skaunį̄ (singular vocative)
skaunīniz (plural vocative)
skaunīnų (accusative singular)
skaunīnunz (accusative plural)
skaunīniz (genitive singular)
skaunīnǫ̂ (genitive plural)
skaunīni (dative singular)
skaunīmaz (dative plural)
skaunīnē (instrumental singular)
skaunīmiz (instrumental plural)

Old Saxon: skōnī

Middle Low German: schône

Old Dutch: scōnī

Middle Dutch: schône

Old High German: scōnī

Middle High German: schœne

German: Schöne (obsolete)

Gothic: *𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌴𐌹 (*skaunei)

⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌴𐌹 (gudaskaunei)


kaliz

kaliz (nominative singular)
kalīz (nominative plural)
kali (singular vocative)
kalīz (plural vocative)
kalį (accusative singular)
kalinz (accusative plural)
kalīz (genitive singular)
kaljǫ̂ (genitive plural)
kalī (dative singular)
kalimaz (dative plural)
kalī (instrumental singular)
kalimiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: ċiele, ċile, ċyle; ċæle, ċele, ċhele — Anglian
Middle English: chele, chile
English: chill (see there for further descendants)
Scots: chill

Middle Dutch: kille

Dutch: kil

Old Norse: *kylr

Icelandic: kylur

Along with *kalaną (“to freeze”), from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”).


grabą

grabą (nominative singular)
grabō (nominative plural)
grabą (singular vocative)
grabō (plural vocative)
grabą (accusative singular)
grabō (accusative plural)
grabas (genitive singular)
grabis (genitive singular)
grabǫ̂ (genitive plural)
grabai (dative singular)
grabamaz (dative plural)
grabō (instrumental singular)
grabamiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *grab

Old English: græf

Middle English: grave, grafe

desc

Scots: grave, grawe, graive, graiwe, greawe

English: grave

desctree

Old Frisian: gref
North Frisian:
Föhr-Amrum: greef
Saterland Frisian: Grääf, Grääb
West Frisian: grêf

Old Saxon: graf

Middle Low German: grav

Low German: Graf, Graff

Plautdietsch: Graw

Old Dutch: *graf

Middle Dutch: graf

Dutch: graf

Afrikaans: graf

Limburgish: graaf

Old High German: grab, grap
Middle High German: grap
Central Franconian: Grav, Jrav
Hunsrik: Graab
Luxembourgish: Graf
Bavarian:
Cimbrian: grap
East Central German:
Vilamovian: graob, grob
East Franconian:
German: Grab
Rhine Franconian: Grab
Frankfurterisch: [krɑːp], (plural) [kʀεːvæ̆]
Yiddish: גרוב (grub)

Old Norse: grǫf, graf

Icelandic: gröf

Faroese: grøv

Norn: gref

Norwegian: grav

Swedish: grav

Danish: grav

Elfdalian: grav

Gutnish: grav

Derived from the verb *grabaną (“to dig”)

that which is dug (ditch, trench, hole, etc.)


hnawwaz

*hnawwaz (a-stem)

hnawwaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
hnawwai (masculine nominative plural strong)
hnawwō (feminine nominative singular strong)
hnawwôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
hnawwą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
hnawwō (neuter nominative plural strong)
hnawwanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
hnawwanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
hnawwǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
hnawwōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
hnawwą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
hnawwō (accusative neuter plural strong)
hnawwas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
hnawwaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
hnawwaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
hnawwaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
hnawwas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
hnawwaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
hnawwammai (dative masculine singular strong)
hnawwaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
hnawwaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
hnawwaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
hnawwammai (dative neuter singular strong)
hnawwaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
hnawwanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
hnawwaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
hnawwaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
hnawwaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
hnawwanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
hnawwaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
hnawwô (masculine nominative singular weak)
hnawwaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
hnawwǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
hnawwōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
hnawwô (neuter nominative singular weak)
hnawwōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
hnawwanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
hnawwanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
hnawwōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
hnawwōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
hnawwô (accusative neuter singular weak)
hnawwōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
hnawwiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
hnawwanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
hnawwōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
hnawwōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
hnawwiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
hnawwanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
hnawwini (dative masculine singular weak)
hnawwammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
hnawwōni (dative feminine singular weak)
hnawwōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
hnawwini (dative neuter singular weak)
hnawwammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
hnawwinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
hnawwammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
hnawwōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
hnawwōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
hnawwinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
hnawwammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old English: hnēaw

Old Frisian: *nāu

Saterland Frisian: nau

West Frisian: nau

Old Saxon: *hnauw

Middle Low German: nouwe, nau

German Low German: nau

⇒ Middle Low German: genouwe

desc

jenaif<q:regional Low Prussian (Danziger Nehrung mit dem nördlichen Teil des Werders)>

German Low German: genau, (regional Low Prussian (Danziger Nehrung mit dem nördlichen Teil des Werders)) jenaif

→ Saterland Frisian: gnau

Old Dutch: *nauw

Middle Dutch: nauwe

Dutch: nauw

Old High German: *hnouw, *nouw

Middle High German: nouwe, nou

⇒ Middle High German: genouwe, genoue

German: genau

desctree

Old Norse: hnøggr
Icelandic: hnöggur
Norwegian: nøgg
Swedish: njugg
→ Middle English: nig, nigard
English: niggard
Scots: negart, niggard

From Proto-Indo-European *knew- (“to scrape; scratch; rub”).


gabidjaną

gabidjō (active first-person indicative singular)
gabidjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gabidjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
gabidisi (active indicative second-person singular)
gabidjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gabidi (active imperative second-person singular)
gabidjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gabidjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gabidiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
gabidjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gabidjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
gabidjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gabidjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gabidjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
gabidjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gabidjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gabidjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gabidjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gabidjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gabidjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gabidjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gabidjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gabidiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
gabidjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gabidiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
gabidjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gabidjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gabidjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
gabidjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gabidjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
gabidjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gabidjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gabad (active first-person indicative singular)
gabēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gabast (active indicative second-person singular)
gabēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gabad (active indicative singular third-person)
gabēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gabēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
gabēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gabēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gabēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gabēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
gabēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gabēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
gabēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gabēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
gabēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gabidjandz (active participle present)
gabedanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *gabiddjan
Old English: ġebiddan
Middle English: ȝebidden, ybidden, ibidden
Old Saxon: gibiddian
Old High German: *gibitten
Middle High German: gebitten, gebiten

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gabidjan)


gasinþô

gasinþô (nominative singular)
gasinþaniz (nominative plural)
gasinþô (singular vocative)
gasinþaniz (plural vocative)
gasinþanų (accusative singular)
gasinþanunz (accusative plural)
gasinþiniz (genitive singular)
gasinþanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
gasinþini (dative singular)
gasinþammaz (dative plural)
gasinþinē (instrumental singular)
gasinþammiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *gasinþ (< *gasinþaz)

Old English: ġesīþ

→ English: gesith

Old Saxon: gisīth

Proto-West Germanic: *gasinþī (< *gasinþijaz)

Old Dutch: gisindi

Middle Dutch: gesinde

Dutch: gezinde

Old High German: gisindi

Middle High German: gesinde

German: Gesind (archaic), Gesinde

Proto-West Germanic: *gasinþō (< *gasinþô)

Old High German: gisindo

Old Norse: sinni, of sinni

Icelandic: sinni

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌰 (gasinþa) (< *gasinþô)

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰 (gasinþja) (< *gasinþijô)

/ɣɑ.ˈsin.θɔːː/


kurbiz

kurbiz (nominative singular)
kurbīz (nominative plural)
kurbi (singular vocative)
kurbīz (plural vocative)
kurbį (accusative singular)
kurbinz (accusative plural)
kurbīz (genitive singular)
kurbijǫ̂ (genitive plural)
kurbī (dative singular)
kurbimaz (dative plural)
kurbī (instrumental singular)
kurbimiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *kurbi
Old English: cyrf
Middle English: kerf, carffe, kerfe, kirf, kyrf
English: kerf, carf
Scots: kerf, carf
Old Frisian: kerf, kerve, kere
Saterland Frisian: Käärf
West Frisian: kerf

Old Norse: kurfr (< *kurbaz)

Icelandic: kurfur

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: kurv; (dialectal) korv, kørv

Old Swedish: korver

Swedish: korv

→ Norwegian Bokmål: korv

From Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”).


faikną

faikną (nominative singular)
faiknō (nominative plural)
faikną (singular vocative)
faiknō (plural vocative)
faikną (accusative singular)
faiknō (accusative plural)
faiknas (genitive singular)
faiknis (genitive singular)
faiknǫ̂ (genitive plural)
faiknai (dative singular)
faiknamaz (dative plural)
faiknō (instrumental singular)
faiknamiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *faikn
Old English: fācn, fācen
Middle English: faken, fakenn, foken
Old Frisian: *fēkn
⇒ Old Frisian: fēknia (verb)
Old Saxon: fēkn, fēkan
Old High German: feihhan, feichan
Middle High German: veichen

Old Norse: feikn

Icelandic: feikn

/ˈɸɑi̯k.nɑ̃/

From Proto-Indo-European *peyǵ- (“evil, fiendish”).


hrugjabainą

hrugjabainą (nominative singular)
hrugjabainō (nominative plural)
hrugjabainą (singular vocative)
hrugjabainō (plural vocative)
hrugjabainą (accusative singular)
hrugjabainō (accusative plural)
hrugjabainas (genitive singular)
hrugjabainis (genitive singular)
hrugjabainǫ̂ (genitive plural)
hrugjabainai (dative singular)
hrugjabainamaz (dative plural)
hrugjabainō (instrumental singular)
hrugjabainamiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *hruggjabain
Old English: hryċġbān, hryġċbān
Middle English: riggebon, riggebone
English: ridgebone
Scots: rigbane
Old Frisian: hreggbên, hregbên
Saterland Frisian: Räägebunke
West Frisian: rêchbonke
Old Saxon: *hruggibēn
Middle Low German: rüggebên, rüggebein, rücbên
German Low German: Rüggbunk
Old Dutch: *ruggibēn
Middle Dutch: ruggebene, ruggebeen
Dutch: ruggebeen
Old High German: ruggibein, rukkibein, ruckibein
Middle High German: rückebein, ruckebein, rucbein, ruckepein, rucpein, ruggebein, ruggebēn; ruckenbein
German: Rückenbein

Old Norse: *hryggbein; *hryggjarbein

Icelandic: hryggbein, hryggjarbein

Faroese: ryggjabein

Norn: ryggben

Norwegian: ryggbein

Swedish: ryggben

Danish: rygben

Elfdalian: ryggbien


matōną

matō (active first-person indicative singular)
matǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
matōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
matōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
matōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
matō (active imperative second-person singular)
matōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
matōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
matōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
matō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
matōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
matōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
matōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
matōs (active dual first-person indicative)
matōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
matōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
matōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
matōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
matōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
matōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
matōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
matōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
matōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
matōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
matōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
matōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
matōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
matōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
matōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
matōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
matōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
matōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
matōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
matōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
matōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
matōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
matōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
matōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
matōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
matōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
matōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
matōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
matōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
matōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
matōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
matōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
matōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
matōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
matōndz (active participle present)
matōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: mata

Faroese: mata

Icelandic: mata

Norn: meta

Norwegian: mate

Swedish: mata

Danish: made

Elfdalian: måtå

Gutnish: mate

→ Middle French: amadouer

French: amadouer

From *meh₂d- (“to be wet”). Equivalent to *matiz (“food”) + *-ōną.


garihtijaną

garihtijō (active first-person indicative singular)
garihtijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
garihtijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
garihtīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
garihtijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
garihtī (active imperative second-person singular)
garihtijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
garihtijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
garihtīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
garihtijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
garihtijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
garihtijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
garihtijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
garihtijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
garihtijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
garihtijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
garihtijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
garihtijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
garihtijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
garihtijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
garihtijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
garihtijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
garihtīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
garihtijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
garihtīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
garihtijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
garihtijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
garihtijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
garihtijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
garihtijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
garihtijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
garihtijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
garihtidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
garihtidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
garihtidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
garihtidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
garihtidē (active indicative singular third-person)
garihtidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
garihtidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
garihtidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
garihtidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
garihtidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
garihtidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
garihtidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
garihtidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
garihtidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
garihtidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
garihtidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
garihtijandz (active participle present)
garihtidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *garihtijan
Old English: ġerihtan
Middle English: ȝerihten, iriȝten, arighten
English: aright
Old Saxon: girihtian
Old Dutch: girihten
Middle Dutch: gerechten
Dutch: gerechten
Old High German: girihten

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (garaihtjan)


gabindaną

gabindō (active first-person indicative singular)
gabindaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gabindai (first-person indicative passive singular)
gabindizi (active indicative second-person singular)
gabindaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gabind (active imperative second-person singular)
gabindazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gabindaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gabindidi (active indicative singular third-person)
gabindai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gabindadau (active imperative singular third-person)
gabindadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gabindaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gabindōz (active dual first-person indicative)
gabindaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gabindadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gabindaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gabindadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gabindamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gabindaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gabindandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gabindaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gabindid (active indicative plural second-person)
gabindaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gabindid (active imperative plural second-person)
gabindandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gabindaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gabindandi (active indicative plural third-person)
gabindain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gabindandau (active imperative plural third-person)
gabindandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gabindaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gaband (active first-person indicative singular)
gabundį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gabanst (active indicative second-person singular)
gabundīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gaband (active indicative singular third-person)
gabundī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gabundū (active dual first-person indicative)
gabundīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gabundudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gabundīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gabundum (active first-person indicative plural)
gabundīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gabundud (active indicative plural second-person)
gabundīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gabundun (active indicative plural third-person)
gabundīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gabindandz (active participle present)
gabundanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: ġebindan

Middle English: ibīnden

Old Saxon: gibindan

Middle Low German: gebende

Old High German: gibintan

Middle High German: gebinden

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (gabindan)


tunþskaz

Proto-West Germanic: *tunsk
Old English: tūsċ, tūx
Middle English: tusk, tux, tush
English: tusk, tush
Scots: tusk
Old Frisian: tusk
North Frisian: tos, tus
Saterland Frisian: Tusk, Tüsk (Skäddel)
West Frisian: tosk

q

Old Norse: *toskr (attested in personal names: Ratatoskr, etc.)


prikjaną

prikjō (active first-person indicative singular)
prikjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
prikjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
prikisi (active indicative second-person singular)
prikjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
priki (active imperative second-person singular)
prikjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
prikjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
prikiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
prikjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
prikjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
prikjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
prikjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
prikjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
prikjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
prikjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
prikjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
prikjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
prikjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
prikjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
prikjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
prikjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
prikiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
prikjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
prikiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
prikjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
prikjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
prikjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
prikjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
prikjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
prikjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
prikjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
prikidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
prikidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
prikidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
prikidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
prikidē (active indicative singular third-person)
prikidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
prikidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
prikidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
prikidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
prikidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
prikidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
prikidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
prikidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
prikidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
prikidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
prikidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
prikjandz (active participle present)
prikidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: priċċan

Middle English: pricchen

English: pritch

Scots: prich, prych

Old Frisian: *prikka

Saterland Frisian: prikkelje (from Low German ?)

West Frisian: prikke

Old Saxon: *prikkian

Middle Low German: prikken, pricken

Low German: pricken

→ German: pricken

desc

⇒ Middle Low German: prickelen, prikelen, preckelen

German Low German: prickeln

→ Danish: prikke

→ Swedish: pricka

Old Dutch: *prikken

Middle Dutch: pricken

Dutch: prikken

Old High German: *pfrichen, *pfricken

i

possibly from <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro">*prekōną</i>

Middle High German: pfrecken? (possibly from *prekōną)

desc

⇒ Middle High German: prickelen, prickeln (likely from Low German)

German: prickeln


friþilaz

friþilaz (nominative singular)
friþilōz (nominative plural)
friþilōs (nominative plural)
friþil (singular vocative)
friþilōz (plural vocative)
friþilōs (plural vocative)
friþilą (accusative singular)
friþilanz (accusative plural)
friþilas (genitive singular)
friþilis (genitive singular)
friþilǫ̂ (genitive plural)
friþilai (dative singular)
friþilamaz (dative plural)
friþilō (instrumental singular)
friþilamiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *friþil
Old High German: fridil
Middle High German: vriedel (merged with descendant of friudil)
German: Friedel

Old Norse: friðill

Icelandic: friðill

⇒ Old Norse: friðla, frilla f
Icelandic: frilla
Faroese: frilla
Norwegian Nynorsk: frille
Norwegian Bokmål: frille
Old Swedish: frilla, friþla
Swedish: frilla
Danish: frille


manōną

manō (active first-person indicative singular)
manǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
manōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
manōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
manōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
manō (active imperative second-person singular)
manōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
manōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
manōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
manō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
manōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
manōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
manōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
manōs (active dual first-person indicative)
manōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
manōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
manōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
manōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
manōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
manōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
manōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
manōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
manōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
manōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
manōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
manōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
manōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
manōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
manōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
manōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
manōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
manōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
manōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
manōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
manōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
manōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
manōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
manōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
manōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
manōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
manōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
manōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
manōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
manōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
manōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
manōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
manōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
manōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
manōndz (active participle present)
manōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: manian, monian

Middle English: *monien, monihen

Old Frisian: mania, monia

Saterland Frisian: moonje

West Frisian: moanje

Old Saxon: manōn

Middle Low German: mānen

German Low German: mahnen

→ Danish: mane

Old Dutch: manon

Middle Dutch: manen, mānen

Dutch: manen

Old High German: manōn

Middle High German: manen

German: mahnen

Yiddish: מאָנען (monen)

From Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to think”).


mut-

Old English: moþþe

Middle English: mothe

English: moth

Old Frisian: *motte

Saterland Frisian: Motte

West Frisian: mot

Old Saxon: *mutte

Middle Low German: mutte, motte

Plautdietsch: Mott

→ German: Motte

→ Luxembourgish: Matt

Old Dutch: *mutte

Middle Dutch: motte

Dutch: mot

Afrikaans: mot

Limburgish: mot

Old Norse: motti


rignijaną

rignijō (active first-person indicative singular)
rignijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
rignijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
rignīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
rignijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
rignī (active imperative second-person singular)
rignijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
rignijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
rignīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
rignijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
rignijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
rignijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
rignijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
rignijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
rignijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
rignijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
rignijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
rignijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
rignijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
rignijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
rignijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
rignijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
rignīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
rignijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
rignīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
rignijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
rignijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
rignijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
rignijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
rignijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
rignijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
rignijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
rignidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
rignidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
rignidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
rignidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
rignidē (active indicative singular third-person)
rignidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
rignidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
rignidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
rignidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
rignidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
rignidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
rignidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
rignidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
rignidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
rignidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
rignidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
rignijandz (active participle present)
rignidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *rignijan
Old English: riġnan, rīnan
Middle English: rinen, rynen
Old Frisian: reina
Saterland Frisian: riene
West Frisian: reine
Old High German: *reganen
⇒ Old High German: gireganen
Middle High German: geregenen

Old Norse: rigna

Icelandic: rigna

Faroese: rigna

Gothic: 𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (rignjan)


regnōną

regnō (active first-person indicative singular)
regnǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
regnōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
regnōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
regnōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
regnō (active imperative second-person singular)
regnōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
regnōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
regnōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
regnō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
regnōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
regnōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
regnōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
regnōs (active dual first-person indicative)
regnōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
regnōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
regnōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
regnōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
regnōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
regnōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
regnōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
regnōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
regnōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
regnōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
regnōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
regnōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
regnōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
regnōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
regnōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
regnōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
regnōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
regnōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
regnōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
regnōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
regnōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
regnōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
regnōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
regnōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
regnōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
regnōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
regnōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
regnōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
regnōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
regnōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
regnōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
regnōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
regnōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
regnōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
regnōndz (active participle present)
regnōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *regnōn
Old English: reġnian
Middle English: reinen
English: rain
Scots: raine, rain, rayn rayne, rane
Old Frisian: reinia
Saterland Frisian: reine
West Frisian: reine
Old Saxon: *reganon
Middle Low German: rēgenen
German Low German: regen, rägen
Plautdietsch: räajnen
Old Dutch: *reganon
Middle Dutch: rēgenen
Dutch: regenen
Afrikaans: reën
Jersey Dutch: rếgene
Limburgish: raengere
Old High German: reganōn
Middle High German: regenen
Cimbrian: règhenan, rengen (Luserna)
German: regnen
Luxembourgish: reenen
Yiddish: רעגענען (regenen)

Old Norse: regna

Icelandic: regna

Faroese: regna

Norwegian Bokmål: regne

Norwegian Nynorsk: regne, regna

Swedish: regna

Danish: regne

Elfdalian: raingen

Gutnish: regne, regn', regna