bōtijaną

bōtijō (active first-person indicative singular)
bōtijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
bōtijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
bōtīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
bōtijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
bōtī (active imperative second-person singular)
bōtijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
bōtijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
bōtīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
bōtijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
bōtijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
bōtijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
bōtijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
bōtijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
bōtijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
bōtijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
bōtijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
bōtijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
bōtijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
bōtijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
bōtijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
bōtijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
bōtīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
bōtijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
bōtīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
bōtijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
bōtijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
bōtijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
bōtijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
bōtijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
bōtijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
bōtijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
bōtidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
bōtidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
bōtidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
bōtidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
bōtidē (active indicative singular third-person)
bōtidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
bōtidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
bōtidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
bōtidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
bōtidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
bōtidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
bōtidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
bōtidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
bōtidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
bōtidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
bōtidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
bōtijandz (active participle present)
bōtidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *bōtijan
Old English: bētan, bœ̄tan
Middle English: beten, beete, bete, bett, betten, beytt; betenn, beote (Early Middle English)
English: beet (dialectal, obsolete)
Scots: bete, beit, beet, beat
Old Frisian: bēta
Old Saxon: bōtian
Middle Low German:
German Low German: böten
Old Dutch: buoten
Middle Dutch: boeten
Dutch: boeten
Old High German: buozen
Middle High German: büezen
German: büßen

Old Norse: bǿta, bœta, bꝍta
Icelandic: bæta
Faroese: bøta
Norwegian Nynorsk: bøta
Old Swedish: bøta
Swedish: böta
Danish: bøde
Norwegian Bokmål: bøte

Gothic: 𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bōtjan)

From *bōtō (“improvement, recompense”) + *-janą.


swōgijaną

swōgijō (active first-person indicative singular)
swōgijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swōgijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
swōgīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
swōgijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swōgī (active imperative second-person singular)
swōgijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
swōgijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
swōgīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
swōgijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swōgijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
swōgijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
swōgijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
swōgijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
swōgijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swōgijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swōgijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swōgijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
swōgijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
swōgijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swōgijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
swōgijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
swōgīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
swōgijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swōgīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
swōgijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
swōgijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
swōgijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
swōgijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swōgijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
swōgijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
swōgijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
swōgidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
swōgidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swōgidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
swōgidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swōgidē (active indicative singular third-person)
swōgidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swōgidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
swōgidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swōgidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swōgidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swōgidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
swōgidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swōgidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
swōgidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swōgidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
swōgidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swōgijandz (active participle present)
swōgidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *swōgijan

Old English: swēgan

Old Saxon: *swōgian

Middle Low German: *swȫgen

Low German: swögen

Gothic: *𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*swōgjan)

⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaswōgjan)

⇒ Gothic: 𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ufswōgjan)

From *swōgiz (“noise, sound”) + *-janą, or *swōganą (“to sound, sigh”) + *-janą.


wraitijaną

wraitijō (active first-person indicative singular)
wraitijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wraitijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
wraitīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wraitijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wraitī (active imperative second-person singular)
wraitijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wraitijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wraitīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wraitijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wraitijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wraitijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wraitijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wraitijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wraitijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wraitijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wraitijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wraitijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wraitijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wraitijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wraitijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wraitijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wraitīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wraitijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wraitīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wraitijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wraitijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wraitijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wraitijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wraitijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wraitijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wraitijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wraitidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wraitidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wraitidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wraitidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wraitidē (active indicative singular third-person)
wraitidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wraitidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wraitidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wraitidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wraitidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wraitidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wraitidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wraitidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wraitidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wraitidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wraitidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wraitijandz (active participle present)
wraitidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *wraitijan
Old High German: reizen
Middle High German: reizen
German: reizen
→ Middle Low German: rêssen, reissen, reisen

Old Norse: reita

Swedish: reta

From *wrītaną (“scratch, carve”) + *-janą.


wraiþijaną

wraiþijō (active first-person indicative singular)
wraiþijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wraiþijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
wraiþīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wraiþijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wraiþī (active imperative second-person singular)
wraiþijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wraiþijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wraiþīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wraiþijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wraiþijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wraiþijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wraiþijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wraiþijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wraiþijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wraiþijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wraiþijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wraiþijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wraiþijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wraiþijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wraiþijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wraiþijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wraiþīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wraiþijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wraiþīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wraiþijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wraiþijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wraiþijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wraiþijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wraiþijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wraiþijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wraiþijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wraiþidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wraiþidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wraiþidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wraiþidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wraiþidē (active indicative singular third-person)
wraiþidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wraiþidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wraiþidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wraiþidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wraiþidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wraiþidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wraiþidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wraiþidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wraiþidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wraiþidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wraiþidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wraiþijandz (active participle present)
wraiþidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *wraiþijan
Old English: wrǣþan
Middle English: wrethen
Old Saxon: wrēthian
Middle Low German: wrêden, wreiden
Old Dutch: *wrēthen, *wreithen
Middle Dutch: wrêden
Old High German: reiden
Middle High German: reiden
German: reiden

Old Norse: reiða, vreiða

Icelandic: reiða

From *wraiþaz (“twisted, angry, cruel”) + *-janą.


wirþijaną

wirþijō (active first-person indicative singular)
wirþijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wirþijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
wirþīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wirþijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wirþī (active imperative second-person singular)
wirþijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wirþijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wirþīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wirþijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wirþijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wirþijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wirþijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wirþijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wirþijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wirþijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wirþijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wirþijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wirþijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wirþijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wirþijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wirþijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wirþīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wirþijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wirþīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wirþijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wirþijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wirþijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wirþijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wirþijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wirþijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wirþijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wirþidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wirþidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wirþidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wirþidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wirþidē (active indicative singular third-person)
wirþidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wirþidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wirþidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wirþidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wirþidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wirþidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wirþidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wirþidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wirþidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wirþidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wirþidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wirþijandz (active participle present)
wirþidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *wirþijan
Old English: *wirþan, *wierþan, *wyrþan
⇒ Old English: ġewirþan, ġewierþan, ġewyrþan
Old Frisian: wirtha, wertha, wirda
Old Dutch: wertha
Middle Dutch: werden, waerden
Old High German: wirden
Middle High German: wirden

Old Norse: virða

Icelandic: virða

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: vyrda, vyrde, vørda, vørde

Old Swedish: virþa

Swedish: vörda

From *werþaz (“worthy, valuable”) + *-janą or *werþą (“worth, value”) + *-janą.


kwēþiją

kwēþiją (nominative singular)
kwēþijō (nominative plural)
kwēþiją (singular vocative)
kwēþijō (plural vocative)
kwēþiją (accusative singular)
kwēþijō (accusative plural)
kwēþijas (genitive singular)
kwēþīs (genitive singular)
kwēþijǫ̂ (genitive plural)
kwēþijai (dative singular)
kwēþijamaz (dative plural)
kwēþijō (instrumental singular)
kwēþijamiz (instrumental plural)

Old Norse: kvæði

Icelandic: kvæði

Faroese: kvæði

Norwegian Nynorsk: kvæde

Old Swedish: kvǣde, kvǣde

Swedish: kväde

Derived from *kweþaną, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷet- (“to say”)


gailaz

*gailaz (a-stem)

gailaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
gailai (masculine nominative plural strong)
gailō (feminine nominative singular strong)
gailôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
gailą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
gailō (neuter nominative plural strong)
gailanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
gailanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
gailǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
gailōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
gailą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
gailō (accusative neuter plural strong)
gailas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
gailaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
gailaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
gailaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
gailas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
gailaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
gailammai (dative masculine singular strong)
gailaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
gailaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
gailaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
gailammai (dative neuter singular strong)
gailaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
gailanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
gailaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
gailaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
gailaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
gailanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
gailaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
gailô (masculine nominative singular weak)
gailaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
gailǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
gailōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
gailô (neuter nominative singular weak)
gailōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
gailanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
gailanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
gailōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
gailōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
gailô (accusative neuter singular weak)
gailōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
gailiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
gailanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
gailōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
gailōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
gailiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
gailanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
gailini (dative masculine singular weak)
gailammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
gailōni (dative feminine singular weak)
gailōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
gailini (dative neuter singular weak)
gailammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
gailinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
gailammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
gailōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
gailōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
gailinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
gailammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *gail
Old English: gāl
Middle English: gal, gol
English: gole (dialectal)
Old Frisian: *gāl, *gēl
Saterland Frisian: gail (perhaps borrowed from Low German or German)
West Frisian: geil (possibly from Dutch)
Old Saxon: gēl
Middle Low German: geil
German Low German: geil
Old Dutch: *gēl, *geil
Middle Dutch: geel, gheil
Dutch: geil
Old High German: geil, keil
Middle High German: geil
German: geil
→ Danish: geil

Old Norse: *geilr, geiligr

(Icelandic: gáll m)

Swedish: gäl (dialectal)

Gutnish: geil

Vandalic: *gaila- (early), *gēla- (late)

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰoylos (“frothing, arrogant, tempestuous, violent, wanton”). Cognate of Proto-Balto-Slavic *gailas.

inh

merry, excited, lush, beautiful, lustful


raihą

raihą (nominative singular)
raihō (nominative plural)
raihą (singular vocative)
raihō (plural vocative)
raihą (accusative singular)
raihō (accusative plural)
raihas (genitive singular)
raihis (genitive singular)
raihǫ̂ (genitive plural)
raihai (dative singular)
raihamaz (dative plural)
raihō (instrumental singular)
raihamiz (instrumental plural)


saugijaną

saugijō (active first-person indicative singular)
saugijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
saugijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
saugīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
saugijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
saugī (active imperative second-person singular)
saugijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
saugijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
saugīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
saugijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
saugijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
saugijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
saugijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
saugijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
saugijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
saugijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
saugijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
saugijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
saugijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
saugijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
saugijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
saugijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
saugīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
saugijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
saugīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
saugijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
saugijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
saugijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
saugijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
saugijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
saugijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
saugijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
saugidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
saugidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
saugidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
saugidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
saugidē (active indicative singular third-person)
saugidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
saugidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
saugidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
saugidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
saugidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
saugidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
saugidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
saugidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
saugidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
saugidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
saugidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
saugijandz (active participle present)
saugidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *saugijan
Old Saxon: sōgian
Middle Low German: sö̂gen
German Low German: sögen
→ Saterland Frisian: söögje
Old Dutch: *sōgen
Middle Dutch: sôgen
Dutch: zogen
Old High German: sougen
Middle High German: söugen
German: säugen

Old Norse: *seygja

Icelandic: seygja

Norwegian Nynorsk: søygja


sairijaną

sairijō (active first-person indicative singular)
sairijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
sairijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
sairīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
sairijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sairī (active imperative second-person singular)
sairijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
sairijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
sairīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
sairijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sairijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
sairijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
sairijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
sairijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
sairijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sairijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sairijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sairijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
sairijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
sairijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sairijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
sairijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
sairīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
sairijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sairīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
sairijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
sairijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
sairijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
sairijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sairijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
sairijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
sairijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
sairidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
sairidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
sairidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
sairidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sairidē (active indicative singular third-person)
sairidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sairidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
sairidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sairidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sairidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sairidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
sairidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sairidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
sairidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sairidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
sairidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sairijandz (active participle present)
sairidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *sairijan
Old Frisian: sēra
Old Saxon: sērian
Middle Low German: sêren
Old Dutch: sēren
Middle Dutch: sêren
⇒ Middle Dutch: besêren
Dutch: bezeren
⇒ Middle Dutch: versêren
Dutch: verzeren
Old High German: sēren
Middle High German: sēren
⇒ Middle High German: versēren
German: versehren

Old Norse: særa

Icelandic: særa

Faroese: særa

Norwegian: såre

Swedish: såra

Danish: såre

From *sairą (“wound”) + *-janą, or *sairaz (“painful”) + *-janą.


hwalbijaną

hwalbijō (active first-person indicative singular)
hwalbijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hwalbijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hwalbīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
hwalbijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hwalbī (active imperative second-person singular)
hwalbijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hwalbijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hwalbīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hwalbijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hwalbijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hwalbijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hwalbijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hwalbijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hwalbijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hwalbijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hwalbijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hwalbijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hwalbijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hwalbijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hwalbijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hwalbijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hwalbīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hwalbijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hwalbīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hwalbijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hwalbijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hwalbijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hwalbijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hwalbijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hwalbijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hwalbijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hwalbidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hwalbidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hwalbidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hwalbidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hwalbidē (active indicative singular third-person)
hwalbidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hwalbidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hwalbidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hwalbidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hwalbidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hwalbidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hwalbidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hwalbidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hwalbidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hwalbidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hwalbidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hwalbijandz (active participle present)
hwalbidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *hwalbijan
Old English: *hwielfan, *hwylfan
⇒ Old English: behwielfan, behwylfan
Old Saxon: *hwelbian
⇒ Old Saxon: bihwelvian
Old Dutch: *welven
Middle Dutch: welven
Dutch: welven
Old High German: *welben
Middle High German: welben
German: wölben

Old Norse: hvelfa

Icelandic: hvelfa, hvolfa, hvölfa

Faroese: hvølfa

desc

Norwegian Nynorsk: kvelva; (dialectal) kvolva

Old Swedish: hvælva

Swedish: välva, (pre-1906 spelling) hvälfva

From *hwalbaz (“curved, vaulted”) + *-janą or a causative verb from *hwelbaną (“to curve, vault”) + *-janą.


flautijaną

flautijō (active first-person indicative singular)
flautijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
flautijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
flautīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
flautijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
flautī (active imperative second-person singular)
flautijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
flautijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
flautīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
flautijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
flautijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
flautijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
flautijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
flautijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
flautijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
flautijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
flautijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
flautijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
flautijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
flautijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
flautijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
flautijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
flautīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
flautijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
flautīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
flautijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
flautijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
flautijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
flautijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
flautijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
flautijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
flautijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
flautidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
flautidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
flautidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
flautidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
flautidē (active indicative singular third-person)
flautidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
flautidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
flautidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
flautidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
flautidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
flautidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
flautidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
flautidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
flautidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
flautidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
flautidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
flautijandz (active participle present)
flautidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *flautijan
Old Saxon: *flōtian
Middle Low German: flö̂ten
Old Dutch: *flōten
Middle Dutch: vlôten
Dutch: vloten
Old High German: flōzen
Middle High German: flözen
German: flößen

Old Norse: fleyta

Icelandic: fleyta

Faroese: floyta

Norwegian Nynorsk: fløyta

Danish: fløde

Norwegian Bokmål: fløte

From *fleutaną (“to float, stream”) + *-janą.


wīdijaną

wīdijō (active first-person indicative singular)
wīdijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wīdijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
wīdīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wīdijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wīdī (active imperative second-person singular)
wīdijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wīdijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wīdīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wīdijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wīdijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wīdijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wīdijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wīdijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wīdijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wīdijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wīdijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wīdijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wīdijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wīdijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wīdijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wīdijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wīdīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wīdijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wīdīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wīdijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wīdijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wīdijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wīdijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wīdijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wīdijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wīdijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wīdidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wīdidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wīdidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wīdidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wīdidē (active indicative singular third-person)
wīdidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wīdidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wīdidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wīdidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wīdidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wīdidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wīdidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wīdidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wīdidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wīdidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wīdidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wīdijandz (active participle present)
wīdidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *wīdijan
Old English: *wīdan
Middle English: widen
Old Saxon: *wīdian
Middle Low German: wīden
Old Dutch: *wīden
Middle Dutch: widen
Dutch: wijden (obsolete)
⇒ Dutch: uitwijden
⇒ Dutch: verwijden
Old High German: wīten
Middle High German: wīten
German: weiten

Old Norse: víða

Icelandic: víða

Norwegian:

Bokmål: vide

Nynorsk: vide

Danish: vide


herznô

herznô (nominative singular)
herznaniz (nominative plural)
herznô (singular vocative)
herznaniz (plural vocative)
herznanų (accusative singular)
herznanunz (accusative plural)
hirzniniz (genitive singular)
herznanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
hirznini (dative singular)
herznammaz (dative plural)
hirzninē (instrumental singular)
herznammiz (instrumental plural)

Old Norse: hjarni
Icelandic: hjarni
Norwegian Nynorsk: hjerne
Elfdalian: ienne
Old Swedish: hiærne
Swedish: hjärna (from oblique)
Danish: hjerne
Norwegian Bokmål: hjerne
Gutnish: hjänne, hjärni

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂s- (“head”).


hersô

hersô (nominative singular)
hersōnō (nominative plural)
hersô (singular vocative)
hersōnō (plural vocative)
hersô (accusative singular)
hersōnō (accusative plural)
hirsiniz (genitive singular)
hersanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
hirsini (dative singular)
hersammaz (dative plural)
hirsinē (instrumental singular)
hersammiz (instrumental plural)

Old Norse: hjarsi, hjassi
Icelandic: hjarsi, hjassi
Norwegian Nynorsk: hjasse
Swedish: hjässa
Old Danish: jassæ, jæssæ, jessæ, issæ
Danish: isse
Norwegian Bokmål: isse
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: isse

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱérh₂sō (“top of the head/skull”), from the root *ḱerh₂s- (“head”).


hlimmaną

hlimmō (active first-person indicative singular)
hlimmaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hlimmai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hlimmizi (active indicative second-person singular)
hlimmaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hlimm (active imperative second-person singular)
hlimmazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hlimmaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hlimmidi (active indicative singular third-person)
hlimmai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hlimmadau (active imperative singular third-person)
hlimmadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hlimmaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hlimmōz (active dual first-person indicative)
hlimmaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hlimmadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hlimmaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hlimmadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hlimmamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hlimmaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hlimmandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hlimmaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hlimmid (active indicative plural second-person)
hlimmaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hlimmid (active imperative plural second-person)
hlimmandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hlimmaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hlimmandi (active indicative plural third-person)
hlimmain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hlimmandau (active imperative plural third-person)
hlimmandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hlimmaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hlamm (active first-person indicative singular)
hlummį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hlammt (active indicative second-person singular)
hlummīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hlamm (active indicative singular third-person)
hlummī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hlummū (active dual first-person indicative)
hlummīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hlummudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hlummīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hlummum (active first-person indicative plural)
hlummīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hlummud (active indicative plural second-person)
hlummīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hlummun (active indicative plural third-person)
hlummīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hlimmandz (active participle present)
hlummanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *hlimman

Old English: hlimman, hlymman

Old Dutch: *hlimman, *hilman

Middle Dutch: helmen

Old High German: hlimman

Middle High German: limmen

Old Norse: *hlimma (only attested in the preterite hlam)

From Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to shout”), Latin clāmō (“to cry, shout”).


rīstaną

rīstaną. (canonical)
rīstō (active first-person indicative singular)
rīstaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
rīstai (first-person indicative passive singular)
rīstizi (active indicative second-person singular)
rīstaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
rīst (active imperative second-person singular)
rīstazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
rīstaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
rīstidi (active indicative singular third-person)
rīstai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
rīstadau (active imperative singular third-person)
rīstadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
rīstaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
rīstōz (active dual first-person indicative)
rīstaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
rīstadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
rīstaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
rīstadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
rīstamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
rīstaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
rīstandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
rīstaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
rīstid (active indicative plural second-person)
rīstaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
rīstid (active imperative plural second-person)
rīstandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
rīstaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
rīstandi (active indicative plural third-person)
rīstain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
rīstandau (active imperative plural third-person)
rīstandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
rīstaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
raist (active first-person indicative singular)
ristį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
raist (active indicative second-person singular)
ristīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
raist (active indicative singular third-person)
ristī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ristū (active dual first-person indicative)
ristīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
ristudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ristīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ristum (active first-person indicative plural)
ristīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ristud (active indicative plural second-person)
ristīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ristun (active indicative plural third-person)
ristīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
rīstandz (active participle present)
ristanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: rísta

Icelandic: rista

Norwegian:

Bokmål: riste

Nynorsk: rista, riste

Danish: riste

Related to *rīfaną, *rīpaną (“to tear”).


tradjaną

tradjō (active first-person indicative singular)
tradjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tradjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
tradisi (active indicative second-person singular)
tradjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tradi (active imperative second-person singular)
tradjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
tradjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
tradiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
tradjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tradjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
tradjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
tradjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
tradjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
tradjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tradjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tradjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tradjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
tradjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
tradjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tradjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
tradjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
tradiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
tradjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tradiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
tradjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
tradjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
tradjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
tradjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tradjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
tradjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
tradjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
tradidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
tradidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tradidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
tradidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tradidē (active indicative singular third-person)
tradidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tradidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
tradidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tradidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tradidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tradidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
tradidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tradidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
tradidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tradidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
tradidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tradjandz (active participle present)
tradidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *traddjan

Old English: treddan

Middle English: tredden

Old Saxon: *treddian

Middle Low German: tredden

Old Dutch: *tredden

Middle Dutch: tredden

Old High German: tretten

Middle High German: tretten

Old Norse: treðja
Icelandic: treðja


firigrīpaną

firigrīpō (active first-person indicative singular)
firigrīpaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
firigrīpai (first-person indicative passive singular)
firigrīpizi (active indicative second-person singular)
firigrīpaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
firigrīp (active imperative second-person singular)
firigrīpazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
firigrīpaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
firigrīpidi (active indicative singular third-person)
firigrīpai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
firigrīpadau (active imperative singular third-person)
firigrīpadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
firigrīpaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
firigrīpōz (active dual first-person indicative)
firigrīpaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
firigrīpadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
firigrīpaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
firigrīpadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
firigrīpamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
firigrīpaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
firigrīpandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
firigrīpaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
firigrīpid (active indicative plural second-person)
firigrīpaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
firigrīpid (active imperative plural second-person)
firigrīpandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
firigrīpaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
firigrīpandi (active indicative plural third-person)
firigrīpain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
firigrīpandau (active imperative plural third-person)
firigrīpandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
firigrīpaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
firigraip (active first-person indicative singular)
firigripį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
firigraift (active indicative second-person singular)
firigripīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
firigraip (active indicative singular third-person)
firigripī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
firigripū (active dual first-person indicative)
firigripīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
firigripudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
firigripīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
firigripum (active first-person indicative plural)
firigripīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
firigripud (active indicative plural second-person)
firigripīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
firigripun (active indicative plural third-person)
firigripīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
firigrīpandz (active participle present)
firigripanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: forgrīpan

Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍀𐌰𐌽 (fairgreipan)


furiganganą

furigangō (active first-person indicative singular)
furigangaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
furigangai (first-person indicative passive singular)
furigangizi (active indicative second-person singular)
furigangaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
furigang (active imperative second-person singular)
furigangazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
furigangaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
furigangidi (active indicative singular third-person)
furigangai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
furigangadau (active imperative singular third-person)
furigangadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
furigangaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
furigangōz (active dual first-person indicative)
furigangaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
furigangadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
furigangaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
furigangadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
furigangamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
furigangaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
furigangandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
furigangaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
furigangid (active indicative plural second-person)
furigangaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
furigangid (active imperative plural second-person)
furigangandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
furigangaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
furigangandi (active indicative plural third-person)
furigangain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
furigangandau (active imperative plural third-person)
furigangandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
furigangaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
furigegang (active first-person indicative singular)
furigegangį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
furigeganht (active indicative second-person singular)
furigegangīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
furigegang (active indicative singular third-person)
furigegangī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
furigegangū (active dual first-person indicative)
furigegangīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
furigegangudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
furigegangīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
furigegangum (active first-person indicative plural)
furigegangīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
furigegangud (active indicative plural second-person)
furigegangīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
furigegangun (active indicative plural third-person)
furigegangīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
furigangandz (active participle present)
furiganganaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *furigangan
Old English: forgangan
Old Saxon: fargangan
Old High German: firgangan

Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 (faurgaggan)


furaistandaną

furaistandō (active first-person indicative singular)
furaistandaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
furaistandai (first-person indicative passive singular)
furaistandizi (active indicative second-person singular)
furaistandaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
furaistand (active imperative second-person singular)
furaistandazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
furaistandaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
furaistandidi (active indicative singular third-person)
furaistandai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
furaistandadau (active imperative singular third-person)
furaistandadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
furaistandaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
furaistandōz (active dual first-person indicative)
furaistandaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
furaistandadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
furaistandaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
furaistandadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
furaistandamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
furaistandaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
furaistandandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
furaistandaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
furaistandid (active indicative plural second-person)
furaistandaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
furaistandid (active imperative plural second-person)
furaistandandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
furaistandaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
furaistandandi (active indicative plural third-person)
furaistandain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
furaistandandau (active imperative plural third-person)
furaistandandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
furaistandaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
furaistōþ (active first-person indicative singular)
furaistōdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
furaistōst (active indicative second-person singular)
furaistōdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
furaistōþ (active indicative singular third-person)
furaistōdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
furaistōdū (active dual first-person indicative)
furaistōdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
furaistōdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
furaistōdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
furaistōdum (active first-person indicative plural)
furaistōdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
furaistōdud (active indicative plural second-person)
furaistōdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
furaistōdun (active indicative plural third-person)
furaistōdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
furaistandandz (active participle present)
furaistadanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: forestandan

Old Saxon: forastān

Middle Low German: vōrestân

Old Dutch: *forastān

Middle Dutch: vōrestâen

Dutch: voorstaan

Old High German: forastān, forastēn

Middle High German: vorestān

desc

𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽

Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (faurastandan)


furaisagjaną

furaisagjō (active first-person indicative singular)
furaisagjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
furaisagaisi (active indicative second-person singular)
furaisagjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
furaisagai (active imperative second-person singular)
furaisagaiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
furaisagjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
furaisagjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
furaisagjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
furaisagjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
furaisagjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
furaisagjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
furaisagjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
furaisagjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
furaisagjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
furaisagaiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
furaisagjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
furaisagaiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
furaisagjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
furaisagjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
furaisagjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
furaisagdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
furaisagdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
furaisagdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
furaisagdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
furaisagdē (active indicative singular third-person)
furaisagdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
furaisagdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
furaisagdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
furaisagdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
furaisagdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
furaisagdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
furaisagdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
furaisagdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
furaisagdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
furaisagdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
furaisagdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
furaisagjandz (active participle present)
furaisagdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Old English: foreseċġan
Middle English: *foresayen
English: foresay

Old Saxon: foraseggian

Middle Low German: vōreseggen

Old Dutch: foraseggen, forasagon

Middle Dutch: vōreseggen

Dutch: voorzeggen

Old High German: forasagēn

Middle High German: voresagen

German: vorsagen

Old Norse: fyrirsegja

Icelandic: fyrirsegja


furaikwemaną

furaikwemō (active first-person indicative singular)
furaikwemaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
furaikwemai (first-person indicative passive singular)
furaikwimizi (active indicative second-person singular)
furaikwemaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
furaikwem (active imperative second-person singular)
furaikwemazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
furaikwemaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
furaikwimidi (active indicative singular third-person)
furaikwemai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
furaikwemadau (active imperative singular third-person)
furaikwemadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
furaikwemaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
furaikwemōz (active dual first-person indicative)
furaikwemaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
furaikwemadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
furaikwemaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
furaikwemadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
furaikwemamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
furaikwemaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
furaikwemandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
furaikwemaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
furaikwimid (active indicative plural second-person)
furaikwemaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
furaikwimid (active imperative plural second-person)
furaikwemandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
furaikwemaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
furaikwemandi (active indicative plural third-person)
furaikwemain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
furaikwemandau (active imperative plural third-person)
furaikwemandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
furaikwemaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
furaikwam (active first-person indicative singular)
furaikwēmį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
furaikwamt (active indicative second-person singular)
furaikwēmīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
furaikwam (active indicative singular third-person)
furaikwēmī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
furaikwēmū (active dual first-person indicative)
furaikwēmīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
furaikwēmudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
furaikwēmīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
furaikwēmum (active first-person indicative plural)
furaikwēmīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
furaikwēmud (active indicative plural second-person)
furaikwēmīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
furaikwēmun (active indicative plural third-person)
furaikwēmīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
furaikwemandz (active participle present)
furaikumanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *forakweman

Old English: forecuman

Middle English: forecomen

English: forecome

Old Frisian: forakuma

Saterland Frisian: foarkuume

West Frisian: foarkomme

Old Saxon: *foraqueman, *forakuman

desc

Middle Low German: vōrekōmen, vȫrekōmen, vȫrkōmen

German Low German: vörkomen

Old Dutch: foracuman

Middle Dutch: vōrecōmen

Dutch: voorkomen

Old High German: foraqueman, furiqueman

Middle High German: forekomen, vorekomen, vurekomen, vürekomen

German: vorkommen

Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌵𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (fauraqiman)


laugnaz

laugnaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
laugnai (masculine nominative plural strong)
laugnō (feminine nominative singular strong)
laugnôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
laugną (neuter nominative singular strong)
-at (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
laugnō (neuter nominative plural strong)
laugnanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
laugnanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
laugnǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
laugnōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
laugną (accusative neuter singular strong)
-at (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
laugnō (accusative neuter plural strong)
laugnas (genitive masculine singular strong)
laugnis (genitive masculine singular strong)
laugnaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
laugnaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
laugnaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
laugnas (genitive neuter singular strong)
laugnis (genitive neuter singular strong)
laugnaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
laugnammai (dative masculine singular strong)
laugnaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
laugnaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
laugnaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
laugnammai (dative neuter singular strong)
laugnaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
laugnanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
laugnaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
laugnaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
laugnaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
laugnanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
laugnaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
laugnô (masculine nominative singular weak)
laugnaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
laugnǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
laugnōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
laugnô (neuter nominative singular weak)
laugnōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
laugnanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
laugnanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
laugnōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
laugnōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
laugnô (accusative neuter singular weak)
laugnōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
laugniniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
laugnanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
laugnōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
laugnōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
laugniniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
laugnanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
laugnini (dative masculine singular weak)
laugnammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
laugnōni (dative feminine singular weak)
laugnōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
laugnini (dative neuter singular weak)
laugnammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
laugninē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
laugnammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
laugnōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
laugnōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
laugninē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
laugnammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Norse: laun

Norwegian Bokmål: lønn

Swedish: lönn-

Danish: løn

⇒ Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌽𐍃 (analaugns)

From pre-Germanic *lowg-no-s, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lewgʰ-.


sanþasagulaz

*sanþasagulaz (a-stem)

sanþasagulaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
sanþasagulai (masculine nominative plural strong)
sanþasagulō (feminine nominative singular strong)
sanþasagulôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
sanþasagulą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
sanþasagulō (neuter nominative plural strong)
sanþasagulanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
sanþasagulanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
sanþasagulǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
sanþasagulōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
sanþasagulą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
sanþasagulō (accusative neuter plural strong)
sanþasagulas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
sanþasagulaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
sanþasagulaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
sanþasagulaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
sanþasagulas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
sanþasagulaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
sanþasagulammai (dative masculine singular strong)
sanþasagulaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
sanþasagulaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
sanþasagulaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
sanþasagulammai (dative neuter singular strong)
sanþasagulaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
sanþasagulanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
sanþasagulaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
sanþasagulaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
sanþasagulaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
sanþasagulanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
sanþasagulaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
sanþasagulô (masculine nominative singular weak)
sanþasagulaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
sanþasagulǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
sanþasagulōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
sanþasagulô (neuter nominative singular weak)
sanþasagulōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
sanþasagulanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
sanþasagulanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
sanþasagulōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
sanþasagulōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
sanþasagulô (accusative neuter singular weak)
sanþasagulōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
sanþasaguliniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
sanþasagulanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
sanþasagulōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
sanþasagulōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
sanþasaguliniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
sanþasagulanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
sanþasagulini (dative masculine singular weak)
sanþasagulammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
sanþasagulōni (dative feminine singular weak)
sanþasagulōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
sanþasagulini (dative neuter singular weak)
sanþasagulammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
sanþasagulinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
sanþasagulammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
sanþasagulōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
sanþasagulōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
sanþasagulinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
sanþasagulammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *sanþasagul
Old English: sōþsagol

Old Norse: sannsǫgull

Icelandic: sannsögull


wankōną

wankō (active first-person indicative singular)
wankǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wankōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
wankōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wankōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wankō (active imperative second-person singular)
wankōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wankōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wankōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wankō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wankōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wankōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wankōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wankōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wankōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wankōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wankōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wankōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wankōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wankōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wankōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wankōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wankōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wankōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wankōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wankōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wankōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wankōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wankōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wankōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wankōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wankōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wankōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wankōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wankōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wankōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wankōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
wankōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wankōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wankōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wankōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wankōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wankōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wankōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wankōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wankōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wankōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wankōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wankōndz (active participle present)
wankōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *wankōn
Old Frisian: *wankia, *wonkia
Saterland Frisian: wonkje
West Frisian: wankje
Old Saxon: wankōn
Middle Low German: wanken
German Low German: wanken
Old Dutch: *wankon
Middle Dutch: wanken
Dutch: wanken
Old High German: wankōn
Middle High German: wanken
German: wanken

Old Norse: vakka

Icelandic: vakka

Faroese: vakka


spīwatjaną

spīwatjō (active first-person indicative singular)
spīwatjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
spīwatjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
spīwatisi (active indicative second-person singular)
spīwatjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
spīwati (active imperative second-person singular)
spīwatjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
spīwatjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
spīwatiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
spīwatjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
spīwatjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
spīwatjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
spīwatjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
spīwatjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
spīwatjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
spīwatjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
spīwatjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
spīwatjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
spīwatjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
spīwatjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
spīwatjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
spīwatjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
spīwatiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
spīwatjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
spīwatiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
spīwatjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
spīwatjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
spīwatjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
spīwatjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
spīwatjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
spīwatjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
spīwatjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
spīwastǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
spīwastēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
spīwastēz (active indicative second-person singular)
spīwastēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
spīwastē (active indicative singular third-person)
spīwastēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
spīwastēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
spīwastēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
spīwastēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
spīwastēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
spīwastēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
spīwastēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
spīwastēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
spīwastēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
spīwastēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
spīwastēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
spīwatjandz (active participle present)
spīwatidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *spīwattjan

Old English:

Middle English: spouten

English: spout

Old Dutch:

Middle Dutch: spoiten

Dutch: spuiten

desc

Old High German: spīwezen, spūwezen, spiuwezen

Middle High German: spiutzen, spūtzen

German: speuzen (archaic)

Luxembourgish: späizen

Old Norse: spýta

Icelandic: spýta

Faroese: spýta

Norwegian Nynorsk: spyta


gēz

Proto-Norse: *gāʀ

Old Norse: gær, gjár

Icelandic: í gær

Faroese: í gjár

Norwegian Bokmål: i går

Norwegian Nynorsk: i går

Swedish: i går

Danish: i går


raubō

raubō (nominative singular)
raubôz (nominative plural)
raubō (singular vocative)
raubôz (plural vocative)
raubǭ (accusative singular)
raubōz (accusative plural)
raubōz (genitive singular)
raubǫ̂ (genitive plural)
raubōi (dative singular)
raubōmaz (dative plural)
raubō (instrumental singular)
raubōmiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *raubu

Old High German: rauba

Proto-Norse: *ᚱᚨᚢᛒᚢ (*raubu)

desctree

Old Norse: rauf, rof
Icelandic: rauf
Faroese: reyv
Norwegian Nynorsk: ræv, rauv
Norwegian Bokmål: ræv
Swedish: röv
Danish: røv

From *reufaną (“to tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hrewp- (“to peel; tear; strip”).


kauzijaną

kauzijō (active first-person indicative singular)
kauzijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
kauzijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
kauzīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
kauzijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
kauzī (active imperative second-person singular)
kauzijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
kauzijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
kauzīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
kauzijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
kauzijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
kauzijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
kauzijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
kauzijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
kauzijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
kauzijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
kauzijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
kauzijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
kauzijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
kauzijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
kauzijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
kauzijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
kauzīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
kauzijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
kauzīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
kauzijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
kauzijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
kauzijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
kauzijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
kauzijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
kauzijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
kauzijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
kauzidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
kauzidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
kauzidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
kauzidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
kauzidē (active indicative singular third-person)
kauzidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
kauzidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
kauzidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
kauzidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
kauzidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
kauzidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
kauzidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
kauzidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
kauzidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
kauzidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
kauzidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
kauzijandz (active participle present)
kauzidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *kauʀijan

Old Frisian: kēra

→ Old French: coisir, choisir

Middle French: choisir

French: choisir

→ Old Occitan: causir

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: cousir

Galician: cousir

→ Franco-Provençal: chouêsir

descendants tree

Gothic: 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (kausjan)
→ Proto-Slavic: *kusiti (see there for further descendants)

Originally the causative of *keusaną (“to choose”) + *-janą.


tanhwō

tanhwō (nominative singular)
tanhwôz (nominative plural)
tanhwō (singular vocative)
tanhwôz (plural vocative)
tanhwǭ (accusative singular)
tanhwōz (accusative plural)
tanhwōz (genitive singular)
tanhwǫ̂ (genitive plural)
tanhwōi (dative singular)
tanhwōmaz (dative plural)
tanhwō (instrumental singular)
tanhwōmiz (instrumental plural)

desc

Old Norse: tó (“grassy spot among cliffs”)

Icelandic: tó

Faroese: tó

Norwegian Nynorsk: to

Swedish: to (“valley”) (dialectal)


tanhwą

tanhwą (nominative singular)
tanhwō (nominative plural)
tanhwą (singular vocative)
tanhwō (plural vocative)
tanhwą (accusative singular)
tanhwō (accusative plural)
tanhwas (genitive singular)
tanhwis (genitive singular)
tanhwǫ̂ (genitive plural)
tanhwai (dative singular)
tanhwamaz (dative plural)
tanhwō (instrumental singular)
tanhwamiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Old Norse: tá
Icelandic: tá
Norwegian Nynorsk: tåg
Old Swedish: tā, ⇒ fortā
Swedish: tå (dialectal)
⇒ Old Danish: fortā, fortæ
Danish: forte
Danish: fortov
Norwegian Bokmål: fortau (also from a dialectal form of fortåg)

→ Finnish: tanhua


hagōną

hagō (active first-person indicative singular)
hagǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hagōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
hagōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
hagōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hagō (active imperative second-person singular)
hagōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hagōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hagōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hagō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hagōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hagōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hagōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hagōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hagōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hagōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hagōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hagōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hagōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hagōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hagōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hagōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hagōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hagōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hagōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hagōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hagōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hagōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hagōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hagōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hagōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hagōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hagōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hagōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hagōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hagōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hagōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
hagōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hagōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hagōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hagōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hagōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hagōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hagōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hagōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hagōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hagōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hagōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hagōndz (active participle present)
hagōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *hagōn
Old English: *hagian
⇒ Old English: ġehagian (“to be possible, convenient”)
⇒ Old English: onhagian, anhagian (“to be within one's ablity or convenience”)
⇒ Middle English: bihaȝen
Old Frisian: hagia
Saterland Frisian: hoagje
West Frisian: haagje
Old Saxon: *hagōn
Middle Low German: hāgen
German Low German: hagen
Old Dutch: *hagon
Middle Dutch: hāgen
Dutch: hagen (obsolete)
Old High German: *hagōn
Middle High German: hagen
German: hagen (archaic)

desc

Old Norse: haga (“to arrange, manage; to comfort”)

Icelandic: haga

Faroese: haga

From *hagaz (“abled; comfortable”) + *-ōną.


sebunstirniją

sebunstirniją (nominative singular)
sebunstirnijō (nominative plural)
sebunstirniją (singular vocative)
sebunstirnijō (plural vocative)
sebunstirniją (accusative singular)
sebunstirnijō (accusative plural)
sebunstirnijas (genitive singular)
sebunstirnīs (genitive singular)
sebunstirnijǫ̂ (genitive plural)
sebunstirnijai (dative singular)
sebunstirnijamaz (dative plural)
sebunstirnijō (instrumental singular)
sebunstirnijamiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *sebunstirnī, *sebunstirrī
Old English: seofonstierre
Old Frisian: *sogenstēre, *savenstēre
Saterland Frisian: Soogengestiern (influenced by or possibly borrowed from German)
West Frisian: sânstjer
Old Saxon: *sivunstirni, *sivunstirri
Middle Low German: sēvenstērne, sȫvenstērne; sēvensterre
Old Dutch: *sivonstirni, *sivonstirri
Middle Dutch: sēvensterre
Dutch: zevenster (now rare)
Old High German: sibunstirni, sibunstirri; sibunstern
Middle High German: sibenstërne
German: Siebenstern, Siebengestirn

Old Norse: sjaustirni

Icelandic: sjöstirni

Norwegian Nynorsk: Sjustjerna


swinþijaną

swinþijō (active first-person indicative singular)
swinþijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swinþijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
swinþīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
swinþijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swinþī (active imperative second-person singular)
swinþijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
swinþijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
swinþīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
swinþijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swinþijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
swinþijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
swinþijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
swinþijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
swinþijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swinþijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swinþijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swinþijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
swinþijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
swinþijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swinþijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
swinþijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
swinþīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
swinþijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swinþīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
swinþijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
swinþijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
swinþijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
swinþijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swinþijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
swinþijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
swinþijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
swinþidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
swinþidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swinþidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
swinþidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swinþidē (active indicative singular third-person)
swinþidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swinþidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
swinþidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swinþidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swinþidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swinþidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
swinþidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swinþidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
swinþidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swinþidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
swinþidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swinþijandz (active participle present)
swinþidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *swinþijan
Old English: swīþan

Gothic: *𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*swinþjan)

⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaswinþjan)


swēlijaną

swēlijō (active first-person indicative singular)
swēlijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swēlijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
swēlīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
swēlijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swēlī (active imperative second-person singular)
swēlijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
swēlijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
swēlīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
swēlijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swēlijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
swēlijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
swēlijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
swēlijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
swēlijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swēlijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swēlijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swēlijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
swēlijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
swēlijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swēlijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
swēlijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
swēlīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
swēlijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swēlīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
swēlijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
swēlijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
swēlijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
swēlijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swēlijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
swēlijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
swēlijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
swēlidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
swēlidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swēlidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
swēlidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swēlidē (active indicative singular third-person)
swēlidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swēlidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
swēlidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swēlidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swēlidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swēlidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
swēlidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swēlidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
swēlidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swēlidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
swēlidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swēlijandz (active participle present)
swēlidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *swēlijan

Old English: swǣlan

Old Norse: svæla


wrakjaną

wrakjō (active first-person indicative singular)
wrakjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wrakjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
wrakisi (active indicative second-person singular)
wrakjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wraki (active imperative second-person singular)
wrakjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wrakjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wrakiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wrakjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wrakjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wrakjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wrakjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wrakjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wrakjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wrakjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wrakjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wrakjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wrakjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wrakjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wrakjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wrakjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wrakiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wrakjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wrakiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wrakjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wrakjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wrakjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wrakjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wrakjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wrakjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wrakjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wrakidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wrakidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wrakidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wrakidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wrakidē (active indicative singular third-person)
wrakidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wrakidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wrakidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wrakidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wrakidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wrakidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wrakidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wrakidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wrakidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wrakidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wrakidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wrakjandz (active participle present)
wrakidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *wrakkjan
Old English: wreccan

Old Norse: rekja

Icelandic: rekja

Gothic: 𐍅𐍂𐌰𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (wrakjan)


wēdijaną

wēdijō (active first-person indicative singular)
wēdijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wēdijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
wēdīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wēdijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wēdī (active imperative second-person singular)
wēdijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wēdijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wēdīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wēdijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wēdijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wēdijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wēdijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wēdijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wēdijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wēdijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wēdijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wēdijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wēdijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wēdijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wēdijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wēdijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wēdīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wēdijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wēdīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wēdijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wēdijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wēdijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wēdijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wēdijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wēdijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wēdijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wēdidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wēdidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wēdidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wēdidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wēdidē (active indicative singular third-person)
wēdidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wēdidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wēdidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wēdidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wēdidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wēdidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wēdidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wēdidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wēdidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wēdidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wēdidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wēdijandz (active participle present)
wēdidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *wādijan
Old English: wǣdan
Old Saxon: wādian
Old Dutch: wāden
Old High German: wāten
Middle High German: wæten

Old Norse: væða

Icelandic: væða

From *wēdiz (“cloth, garment”) + *-janą.


wēgijaną

wēgijō (active first-person indicative singular)
wēgijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wēgijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
wēgīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wēgijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wēgī (active imperative second-person singular)
wēgijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wēgijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wēgīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wēgijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wēgijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wēgijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wēgijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wēgijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wēgijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wēgijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wēgijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wēgijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wēgijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wēgijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wēgijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wēgijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wēgīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wēgijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wēgīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wēgijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wēgijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wēgijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wēgijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wēgijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wēgijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wēgijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wēgidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wēgidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wēgidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wēgidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wēgidē (active indicative singular third-person)
wēgidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wēgidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wēgidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wēgidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wēgidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wēgidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wēgidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wēgidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wēgidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wēgidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wēgidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wēgijandz (active participle present)
wēgidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *wēgijan

Old Saxon: wāgian

Old Norse: vægja

Icelandic: vægja


þragjaną

þragjō (active first-person indicative singular)
þragjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þragjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
þragisi (active indicative second-person singular)
þragjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þragi (active imperative second-person singular)
þragjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
þragjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
þragiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
þragjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þragjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
þragjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
þragjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
þragjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
þragjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þragjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þragjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þragjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
þragjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
þragjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þragjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
þragjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
þragiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
þragjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þragiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
þragjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
þragjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
þragjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
þragjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þragjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
þragjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
þragjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
þragidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
þragidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þragidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
þragidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þragidē (active indicative singular third-person)
þragidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þragidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
þragidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þragidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þragidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þragidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
þragidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þragidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
þragidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þragidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
þragidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þragjandz (active participle present)
þragidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *þraggjan

Old English: þrægan

Gothic: 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þragjan)

/ˈθrɑɣ.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tregʰ-, a variant of *dʰregʰ- (“to run”). Or otherwise perhaps related to Proto-Slavic *tъ̑rkъ (“to run”).


þeutaną

þeutō (active first-person indicative singular)
þeutaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þeutai (first-person indicative passive singular)
þiutizi (active indicative second-person singular)
þeutaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þeut (active imperative second-person singular)
þeutazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
þeutaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
þiutidi (active indicative singular third-person)
þeutai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þeutadau (active imperative singular third-person)
þeutadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
þeutaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
þeutōz (active dual first-person indicative)
þeutaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þeutadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þeutaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þeutadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
þeutamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
þeutaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þeutandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
þeutaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
þiutid (active indicative plural second-person)
þeutaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þiutid (active imperative plural second-person)
þeutandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
þeutaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
þeutandi (active indicative plural third-person)
þeutain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þeutandau (active imperative plural third-person)
þeutandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
þeutaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
þaut (active first-person indicative singular)
þutį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þaust (active indicative second-person singular)
þutīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þaut (active indicative singular third-person)
þutī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þutū (active dual first-person indicative)
þutīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þutudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þutīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þutum (active first-person indicative plural)
þutīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þutud (active indicative plural second-person)
þutīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þutun (active indicative plural third-person)
þutīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þeutandz (active participle present)
þutanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *þeutan, *þūtan
Old English: þēotan, þūtan
Old High German: diozan
Middle High German: diezen

Old Norse: þjóta
Icelandic: þjóta
Norwegian:
Norwegian Bokmål: tyte
Norwegian Nynorsk: tyta, tyte
Old Swedish: þiuta
Swedish: tjuta

Unknown. Possibly imitative.
Compare similar onomatopoeias in other Indo-European languages: Latin tutubō (“to cry (of an owl)”), Ancient Greek τυτώ (tutṓ, “a kind of owl”), Lithuanian tutúoti (“to blow, pipe”).

onomatopoeic

imitative