spanjaną

spanjō (active first-person indicative singular)
spanjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
spanjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
spanisi (active indicative second-person singular)
spanjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
spani (active imperative second-person singular)
spanjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
spanjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
spaniþi (active indicative singular third-person)
spanjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
spanjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
spanjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
spanjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
spanjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
spanjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
spanjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
spanjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
spanjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
spanjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
spanjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
spanjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
spanjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
spaniþ (active indicative plural second-person)
spanjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
spaniþ (active imperative plural second-person)
spanjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
spanjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
spanjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
spanjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
spanjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
spanjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
spanjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
spanidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
spanidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
spanidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
spanidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
spanidē (active indicative singular third-person)
spanidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
spanidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
spanidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
spanidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
spanidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
spanidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
spanidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
spanidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
spanidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
spanidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
spanidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
spanjandz (active participle present)
spanidaz (active participle past subjunctive)
*spinjaną (alternative)
*spunjaną (alternative)

desc

Proto-West Germanic: *spannjan, *spinnjan, *spunnjan

Old Saxon: spennian

Middle Low German: spennen, spannen, spenen, spēnen

Old Dutch: *spennen

Middle Dutch: spennen, spenen

Dutch: spenen

→ Middle English: *spenen

English: spean

Scots: spean

→ Old French: espanir

Middle French: espanir, aspanir (“to wean, deprive”)

Picard: épanir; épénir (Rouchi)

Walloon: spani

Old High German: *spennen

Middle High German: *spennen, spenen

German: spänen (dialectal)

⇒ Middle High German: *abespennen, abespenen

⇒ Old High German: bispennen

Middle High German: *bespennen, bespenen

⇒ Old High German: intspennen, inspennen

Middle High German: entspennen, entspenen


laihnijaną

laihnijō (active first-person indicative singular)
laihnijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
laihnijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
laihnīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
laihnijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
laihnī (active imperative second-person singular)
laihnijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
laihnijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
laihnīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
laihnijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
laihnijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
laihnijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
laihnijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
laihnijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
laihnijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
laihnijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
laihnijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
laihnijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
laihnijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
laihnijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
laihnijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
laihnijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
laihnīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
laihnijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
laihnīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
laihnijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
laihnijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
laihnijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
laihnijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
laihnijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
laihnijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
laihnijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
laihnidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
laihnidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
laihnidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
laihnidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
laihnidē (active indicative singular third-person)
laihnidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
laihnidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
laihnidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
laihnidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
laihnidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
laihnidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
laihnidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
laihnidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
laihnidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
laihnidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
laihnidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
laihnijandz (active participle present)
laihnidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *laihnijan
Old English: lǣnan
Middle English: lænen, lenen
English: len, lend
Scots: len, lend
Old Frisian: lēna
Saterland Frisian: leene, leende
West Frisian: liene
Old Saxon: *lēhnian (or from *laihnōn)
Middle Low German: lêhenen, lêenen, lehnen, lênen, leinen, leynen
German Low German: lehnen
Old Dutch: *lēnen (or from *laihnōn)
Middle Dutch: lênen
Dutch: lenen
Afrikaans: leen
Limburgish: liëne
Old High German: *lēhennen
⇒ Old High German: antlēhennen

Old Norse: léna

Icelandic: léna

Old Swedish: læna

Swedish: läna


framaþjaną

framaþjō (active first-person indicative singular)
framaþjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
framaþjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
framaþisi (active indicative second-person singular)
framaþjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
framaþi (active imperative second-person singular)
framaþjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
framaþjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
framaþiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
framaþjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
framaþjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
framaþjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
framaþjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
framaþjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
framaþjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
framaþjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
framaþjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
framaþjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
framaþjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
framaþjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
framaþjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
framaþjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
framaþiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
framaþjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
framaþiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
framaþjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
framaþjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
framaþjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
framaþjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
framaþjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
framaþjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
framaþjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
framaþidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
framaþidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
framaþidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
framaþidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
framaþidē (active indicative singular third-person)
framaþidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
framaþidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
framaþidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
framaþidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
framaþidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
framaþidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
framaþidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
framaþidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
framaþidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
framaþidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
framaþidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
framaþjandz (active participle present)
framaþidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *framiþijan
Old Dutch: *fremithen
Middle Dutch: vremden, vrēemden, vrēmeden
Dutch: vreemden (obsolete)
Old High German: fremiden
Middle High German: fremeden

Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (framaþjan)

From *framaþiz (“foreign, alien, strange”) + *-janą.


glōdijaną

glōdijō (active first-person indicative singular)
glōdijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
glōdijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
glōdīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
glōdijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
glōdī (active imperative second-person singular)
glōdijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
glōdijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
glōdīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
glōdijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
glōdijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
glōdijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
glōdijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
glōdijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
glōdijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
glōdijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
glōdijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
glōdijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
glōdijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
glōdijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
glōdijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
glōdijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
glōdīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
glōdijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
glōdīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
glōdijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
glōdijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
glōdijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
glōdijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
glōdijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
glōdijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
glōdijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
glōdidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
glōdidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
glōdidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
glōdidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
glōdidē (active indicative singular third-person)
glōdidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
glōdidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
glōdidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
glōdidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
glōdidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
glōdidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
glōdidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
glōdidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
glōdidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
glōdidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
glōdidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
glōdijandz (active participle present)
glōdidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *glōdijan

Old English: *glēdan

⇒ Old English: geglēdan

Old Norse: glœða

Icelandic: glæða

Norwegian:

Bokmål: gløde

Nynorsk: gløde, gløda

Swedish: glöde

Danish: gløde


huldijaną

huldijō (active first-person indicative singular)
huldijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
huldijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
huldīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
huldijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
huldī (active imperative second-person singular)
huldijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
huldijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
huldīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
huldijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
huldijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
huldijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
huldijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
huldijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
huldijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
huldijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
huldijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
huldijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
huldijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
huldijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
huldijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
huldijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
huldīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
huldijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
huldīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
huldijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
huldijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
huldijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
huldijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
huldijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
huldijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
huldijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
huldidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
huldidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
huldidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
huldidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
huldidē (active indicative singular third-person)
huldidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
huldidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
huldidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
huldidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
huldidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
huldidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
huldidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
huldidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
huldidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
huldidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
huldidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
huldijandz (active participle present)
huldidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *huldijan
Old English: hyldan
Middle English: hilden, hylden, hulden

Old Norse: hylda

Icelandic: hylda


hristijaną

hristijō (active first-person indicative singular)
hristijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hristijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hristīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
hristijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hristī (active imperative second-person singular)
hristijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hristijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hristīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hristijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hristijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hristijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hristijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hristijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hristijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hristijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hristijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hristijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hristijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hristijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hristijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hristijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hristīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hristijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hristīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hristijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hristijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hristijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hristijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hristijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hristijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hristijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hristidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hristidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hristidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hristidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hristidē (active indicative singular third-person)
hristidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hristidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hristidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hristidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hristidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hristidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hristidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hristidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hristidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hristidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hristidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hristijandz (active participle present)
hristidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *hristijan

Old English: *hristan; *hristian

⇒ Old English: *hristlian; hristlan

Middle English: rustelen

English: rustle

Scots: rousle, reesle

⇒ Old English: hristung

Old Saxon: *hristian

Middle Low German: risten

Old Dutch: *risten

Middle Dutch: risten

Dutch: risten

Old Norse: hrista

Icelandic: hrista

Faroese: rista


bruzdijaną

bruzdijō (active first-person indicative singular)
bruzdijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
bruzdijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
bruzdīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
bruzdijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
bruzdī (active imperative second-person singular)
bruzdijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
bruzdijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
bruzdīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
bruzdijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
bruzdijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
bruzdijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
bruzdijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
bruzdijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
bruzdijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
bruzdijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
bruzdijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
bruzdijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
bruzdijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
bruzdijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
bruzdijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
bruzdijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
bruzdīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
bruzdijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
bruzdīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
bruzdijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
bruzdijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
bruzdijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
bruzdijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
bruzdijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
bruzdijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
bruzdijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
bruzdidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
bruzdidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
bruzdidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
bruzdidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
bruzdidē (active indicative singular third-person)
bruzdidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
bruzdidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
bruzdidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
bruzdidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
bruzdidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
bruzdidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
bruzdidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
bruzdidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
bruzdidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
bruzdidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
bruzdidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
bruzdijandz (active participle present)
bruzdidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *bruʀdijan
Old English: bryrdan
Old High German: *brurten
⇒ Old High German: anabrurten
⇒ Old High German: entibrurten
⇒ Old High German: gientibrurten

Old Norse: brydda

Icelandic: brydda

From *bruzdaz (“point, spike, thorn”) + *-janą.


kundijaną

kundijō (active first-person indicative singular)
kundijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
kundijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
kundīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
kundijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
kundī (active imperative second-person singular)
kundijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
kundijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
kundīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
kundijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
kundijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
kundijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
kundijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
kundijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
kundijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
kundijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
kundijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
kundijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
kundijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
kundijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
kundijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
kundijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
kundīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
kundijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
kundīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
kundijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
kundijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
kundijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
kundijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
kundijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
kundijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
kundijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
kundidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
kundidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
kundidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
kundidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
kundidē (active indicative singular third-person)
kundidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
kundidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
kundidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
kundidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
kundidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
kundidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
kundidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
kundidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
kundidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
kundidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
kundidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
kundijandz (active participle present)
kundidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *kundijan

Old High German: *kunten

Middle High German: künten, künden

German: künten

Old Norse: kynda

Icelandic: kynda

Faroese: kynda

Gutnish: kvända

Swedish: kynda, kinda (dial.)

→ Middle English: kinden

⇒ Middle English: kindelen

English: kindle

Scots: kindil

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kand- (“to shine, glow”).


klambrijaną

klambrijō (active first-person indicative singular)
klambrijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
klambrijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
klambrīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
klambrijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
klambrī (active imperative second-person singular)
klambrijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
klambrijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
klambrīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
klambrijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
klambrijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
klambrijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
klambrijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
klambrijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
klambrijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
klambrijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
klambrijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
klambrijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
klambrijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
klambrijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
klambrijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
klambrijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
klambrīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
klambrijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
klambrīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
klambrijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
klambrijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
klambrijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
klambrijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
klambrijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
klambrijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
klambrijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
klambridǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
klambridēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
klambridēz (active indicative second-person singular)
klambridēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
klambridē (active indicative singular third-person)
klambridēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
klambridēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
klambridēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
klambridēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
klambridēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
klambridēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
klambridēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
klambridēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
klambridēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
klambridēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
klambridēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
klambrijandz (active participle present)
klambridaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *klambrijan
Old Dutch: *klemberen
Middle Dutch: *klemmeren
Dutch: klemmeren
Old High German: *klembren
Middle High German: klemberen

Old Norse: klembra

Icelandic: klembra

From *klambrō (“smith's vice, bracket”) + *-janą.


sputtijaną

sputtijō (active first-person indicative singular)
sputtijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
sputtijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
sputtīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
sputtijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sputtī (active imperative second-person singular)
sputtijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
sputtijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
sputtīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
sputtijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sputtijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
sputtijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
sputtijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
sputtijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
sputtijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sputtijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sputtijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sputtijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
sputtijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
sputtijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sputtijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
sputtijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
sputtīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
sputtijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sputtīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
sputtijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
sputtijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
sputtijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
sputtijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sputtijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
sputtijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
sputtijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
sputtidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
sputtidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
sputtidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
sputtidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sputtidē (active indicative singular third-person)
sputtidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sputtidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
sputtidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sputtidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sputtidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sputtidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
sputtidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sputtidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
sputtidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sputtidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
sputtidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sputtijandz (active participle present)
sputtidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *sputtijan
Old English: spyttan, spittan
Middle English: spitten
English: spit
Scots: spit
Old Saxon: *sputtian
Middle Low German: spütten
⇒ German Low German: spüttern
→? Saterland Frisian: sputterje
Old Dutch: *sputten
Middle Dutch: *sputten
Dutch: sputten (dialectal)
⇒ Dutch: sputteren
→? West Frisian: spitterje, sputterje
Old High German: *spuzzen
Middle High German: *spützen
German: spützen (dialectal)

Old Norse: spytta

Norwegian Bokmål: spytte

Danish: spytte


spangijaną

spangijō (active first-person indicative singular)
spangijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
spangijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
spangīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
spangijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
spangī (active imperative second-person singular)
spangijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
spangijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
spangīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
spangijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
spangijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
spangijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
spangijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
spangijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
spangijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
spangijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
spangijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
spangijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
spangijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
spangijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
spangijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
spangijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
spangīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
spangijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
spangīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
spangijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
spangijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
spangijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
spangijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
spangijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
spangijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
spangijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
spangidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
spangidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
spangidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
spangidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
spangidē (active indicative singular third-person)
spangidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
spangidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
spangidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
spangidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
spangidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
spangidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
spangidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
spangidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
spangidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
spangidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
spangidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
spangijandz (active participle present)
spangidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *spangijan
Old Saxon: *spengian
Middle Low German: spengen
Old Dutch: *spengen
Middle Dutch: spengen
Old High German: *spengen
Middle High German: spengen

Old Norse: spengja

Icelandic: spengja

From *spangǭ (“spangle, clasp, fastening”) + *-janą.


laigijaną

laigijō (active first-person indicative singular)
laigijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
laigijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
laigīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
laigijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
laigī (active imperative second-person singular)
laigijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
laigijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
laigīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
laigijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
laigijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
laigijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
laigijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
laigijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
laigijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
laigijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
laigijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
laigijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
laigijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
laigijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
laigijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
laigijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
laigīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
laigijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
laigīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
laigijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
laigijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
laigijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
laigijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
laigijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
laigijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
laigijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
laigidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
laigidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
laigidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
laigidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
laigidē (active indicative singular third-person)
laigidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
laigidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
laigidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
laigidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
laigidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
laigidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
laigidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
laigidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
laigidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
laigidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
laigidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
laigijandz (active participle present)
laigidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Old Norse: leiga, leigja
Icelandic: leigja
Faroese: leiga
Norwegian Bokmål: leie
Norwegian Nynorsk: leiga
Old Swedish: lēghia, lēgha
Swedish: leja
Danish: leje

→ Proto-Samic: *luojkkëtēk (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Samic:

Lule Sami: lájggit


sparrijaną

sparrijō (active first-person indicative singular)
sparrijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
sparrijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
sparrīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
sparrijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sparrī (active imperative second-person singular)
sparrijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
sparrijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
sparrīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
sparrijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sparrijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
sparrijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
sparrijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
sparrijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
sparrijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sparrijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sparrijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sparrijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
sparrijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
sparrijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sparrijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
sparrijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
sparrīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
sparrijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sparrīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
sparrijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
sparrijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
sparrijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
sparrijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sparrijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
sparrijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
sparrijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
sparridǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
sparridēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
sparridēz (active indicative second-person singular)
sparridēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sparridē (active indicative singular third-person)
sparridēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sparridēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
sparridēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sparridēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sparridēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sparridēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
sparridēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sparridēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
sparridēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sparridēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
sparridēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sparrijandz (active participle present)
sparridaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *sparrijan
>? Old English: sperran, spierran, spyrran
Middle English: sperren
Old Saxon: *sperrian
Middle Low German: sperren
German Low German: sperren
Old Dutch: *sperren
Middle Dutch: sperren
Dutch: sperren
Old High German: sperren
Middle High German: sperren
German: sperren

Old Norse: sperra

Icelandic: sperra

Norwegian Bokmål: sperre

Norwegian Nynorsk: sperre, sperra

Swedish: spärra

From *sparrô (“wooden beam, log”) + *-janą.


lapjaną

lapjō (active first-person indicative singular)
lapjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
lapjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
lapisi (active indicative second-person singular)
lapjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
lapi (active imperative second-person singular)
lapjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
lapjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
lapiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
lapjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
lapjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
lapjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
lapjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
lapjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
lapjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
lapjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
lapjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
lapjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
lapjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
lapjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
lapjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
lapjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
lapiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
lapjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
lapiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
lapjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
lapjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
lapjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
lapjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
lapjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
lapjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
lapjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
lapidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
lapidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
lapidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
lapidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
lapidē (active indicative singular third-person)
lapidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
lapidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
lapidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
lapidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
lapidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
lapidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
lapidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
lapidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
lapidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
lapidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
lapidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
lapjandz (active participle present)
lapidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *lappjan
Old English: leppan
>? Old Dutch: *leppen
Middle Dutch: *leppen
Dutch: leppen (“to lap”) (17th c., could alternatively be backformed < lepperen < lapen)
Old High German: *lepfen
⇒ Old High German: gilepfen

Old Norse: lepja

Icelandic: lepja

From *lapaną (“to lick up, to lap”) + *-janą.


tangijaną

tangijō (active first-person indicative singular)
tangijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tangijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
tangīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
tangijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tangī (active imperative second-person singular)
tangijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
tangijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
tangīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
tangijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tangijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
tangijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
tangijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
tangijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
tangijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tangijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tangijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tangijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
tangijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
tangijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tangijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
tangijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
tangīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
tangijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tangīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
tangijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
tangijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
tangijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
tangijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tangijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
tangijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
tangijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
tangidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
tangidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tangidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
tangidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tangidē (active indicative singular third-person)
tangidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tangidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
tangidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tangidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tangidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tangidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
tangidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tangidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
tangidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tangidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
tangidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tangijandz (active participle present)
tangidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *tangijan
Old English: tengan
Old Saxon: *tengian
Middle Low German: tengen
Old High German: *tengen
Middle High German: tengen

Old Norse: tengja

Icelandic: tengja

Faroese: teingja

From *tangō (“tongs, pliers”) + *-janą or *tinganą (“to press”) + *-janą; both derivations ultimately from the same root.


tēlijaną

tēlijō (active first-person indicative singular)
tēlijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tēlijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
tēlīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
tēlijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tēlī (active imperative second-person singular)
tēlijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
tēlijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
tēlīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
tēlijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tēlijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
tēlijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
tēlijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
tēlijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
tēlijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tēlijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tēlijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tēlijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
tēlijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
tēlijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tēlijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
tēlijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
tēlīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
tēlijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tēlīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
tēlijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
tēlijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
tēlijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
tēlijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tēlijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
tēlijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
tēlijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
tēlidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
tēlidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tēlidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
tēlidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tēlidē (active indicative singular third-person)
tēlidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tēlidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
tēlidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tēlidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tēlidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tēlidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
tēlidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tēlidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
tēlidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tēlidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
tēlidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tēlijandz (active participle present)
tēlidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *tālijan

Old English: tǣlan

Old Norse: tæla

Icelandic: tæla

From *tēlō (“blame, slander, plot”) + *-janą.


uppijaną

uppijō (active first-person indicative singular)
uppijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uppijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
uppīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
uppijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uppī (active imperative second-person singular)
uppijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
uppijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
uppīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
uppijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uppijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
uppijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
uppijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
uppijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
uppijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uppijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uppijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uppijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
uppijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
uppijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uppijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
uppijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
uppīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
uppijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uppīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
uppijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
uppijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
uppijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
uppijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uppijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
uppijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
uppijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
uppidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
uppidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uppidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
uppidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uppidē (active indicative singular third-person)
uppidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uppidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
uppidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uppidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uppidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uppidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
uppidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uppidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
uppidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uppidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
uppidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uppijandz (active participle present)
uppidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *uppijan, *ūpijan

Old English: yppan

Old High German: ūfan

Old High German: ūfen

Old Saxon: *uppian

Middle Low German: uppen

Old Norse: yppa
Icelandic: yppa
Faroese: yppa
Norwegian:
Bokmål: yppe
Nynorsk: yppe, yppa
Swedish: yppa
Danish: yppe

From *upp (“up, upwards”) + *-janą. Compare *upanōną.


wirdijaną

wirdijō (active first-person indicative singular)
wirdijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wirdijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
wirdīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wirdijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wirdī (active imperative second-person singular)
wirdijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wirdijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wirdīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wirdijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wirdijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wirdijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wirdijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wirdijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wirdijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wirdijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wirdijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wirdijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wirdijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wirdijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wirdijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wirdijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wirdīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wirdijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wirdīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wirdijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wirdijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wirdijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wirdijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wirdijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wirdijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wirdijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wirdidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wirdidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wirdidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wirdidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wirdidē (active indicative singular third-person)
wirdidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wirdidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wirdidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wirdidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wirdidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wirdidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wirdidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wirdidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wirdidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wirdidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wirdidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wirdijandz (active participle present)
wirdidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *andawirdijan

Old High German: antwirten

desc

𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽

⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gagawairþjan)

From *werdaz (“turned toward, forwards, outwards”) + *-janą, related to *wardaz.


wraistijaną

wraistijō (active first-person indicative singular)
wraistijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wraistijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
wraistīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wraistijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wraistī (active imperative second-person singular)
wraistijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wraistijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wraistīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wraistijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wraistijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wraistijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wraistijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wraistijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wraistijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wraistijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wraistijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wraistijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wraistijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wraistijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wraistijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wraistijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wraistīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wraistijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wraistīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wraistijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wraistijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wraistijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wraistijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wraistijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wraistijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wraistijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wraistidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wraistidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wraistidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wraistidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wraistidē (active indicative singular third-person)
wraistidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wraistidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wraistidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wraistidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wraistidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wraistidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wraistidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wraistidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wraistidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wraistidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wraistidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wraistijandz (active participle present)
wraistidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *wraistijan
Old English: wrǣstan
Middle English: wresten, wrasten, wræsten
English: wrest

Old Norse: reista, *vreista

Danish: vriste

Norwegian: vriste

Verbal formation related to Proto-Germanic *wristuz (“wrist”).


turbijaną

turbijō (active first-person indicative singular)
turbijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
turbijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
turbīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
turbijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
turbī (active imperative second-person singular)
turbijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
turbijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
turbīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
turbijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
turbijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
turbijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
turbijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
turbijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
turbijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
turbijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
turbijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
turbijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
turbijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
turbijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
turbijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
turbijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
turbīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
turbijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
turbīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
turbijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
turbijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
turbijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
turbijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
turbijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
turbijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
turbijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
turbidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
turbidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
turbidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
turbidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
turbidē (active indicative singular third-person)
turbidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
turbidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
turbidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
turbidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
turbidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
turbidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
turbidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
turbidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
turbidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
turbidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
turbidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
turbijandz (active participle present)
turbidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *turbijan
Old English: *tyrfan
⇒ Old English: getyrfan
>? Middle English: tirven, terven, tyrven, tirfen
Old Dutch: *turven
Middle Dutch: turven, torven
Dutch: turven

Old Norse: tyrfa

Icelandic: tyrfa


taumijaną

taumijō (active first-person indicative singular)
taumijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
taumijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
taumīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
taumijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
taumī (active imperative second-person singular)
taumijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
taumijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
taumīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
taumijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
taumijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
taumijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
taumijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
taumijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
taumijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
taumijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
taumijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
taumijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
taumijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
taumijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
taumijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
taumijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
taumīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
taumijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
taumīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
taumijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
taumijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
taumijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
taumijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
taumijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
taumijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
taumijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
taumidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
taumidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
taumidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
taumidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
taumidē (active indicative singular third-person)
taumidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
taumidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
taumidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
taumidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
taumidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
taumidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
taumidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
taumidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
taumidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
taumidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
taumidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
taumijandz (active participle present)
taumidaz (active participle past subjunctive)
*tauhmijaną (alternative)

Proto-West Germanic: *taumijan
Old English: tēman, tȳman, tīeman
Middle English: temen
English: teem
Old Frisian: *tēma
West Frisian: teamme, teamje
Old Saxon: *tōmian
Middle Low German: tomen, tö̂men
German Low German: tomen
Old Dutch: *tōmen
Middle Dutch: tômen
Dutch: tomen
Old High German: *zoumen
Middle High German: zöumen, zoumen
German: zäumen

Old Norse: teyma

Icelandic: teyma

Norwegian Nynorsk: tøyme

From *taumaz (“tie, leash, bridle”) + *-janą.


tappijaną

tappijō (active first-person indicative singular)
tappijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tappijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
tappīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
tappijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tappī (active imperative second-person singular)
tappijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
tappijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
tappīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
tappijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tappijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
tappijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
tappijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
tappijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
tappijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tappijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tappijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tappijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
tappijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
tappijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tappijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
tappijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
tappīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
tappijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tappīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
tappijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
tappijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
tappijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
tappijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tappijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
tappijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
tappijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
tappidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
tappidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tappidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
tappidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tappidē (active indicative singular third-person)
tappidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tappidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
tappidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tappidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tappidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tappidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
tappidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tappidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
tappidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tappidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
tappidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tappijandz (active participle present)
tappidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *tappijan

Old Saxon: *teppian

Middle Low German: teppen

Old Dutch: *teppen

Middle Dutch: teppen

→ Old French: tapir

Middle French: tapir

French: tapir

Old High German: *zepfen

Middle High German: zepfen

Old Norse: teppa

Icelandic: teppa

Faroese: teppa

Swedish: täppa


mūlijaną

mūlijō (active first-person indicative singular)
mūlijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
mūlijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
mūlīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
mūlijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
mūlī (active imperative second-person singular)
mūlijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
mūlijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
mūlīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
mūlijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
mūlijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
mūlijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
mūlijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
mūlijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
mūlijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
mūlijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
mūlijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
mūlijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
mūlijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
mūlijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
mūlijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
mūlijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
mūlīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
mūlijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
mūlīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
mūlijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
mūlijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
mūlijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
mūlijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
mūlijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
mūlijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
mūlijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
mūlidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
mūlidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
mūlidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
mūlidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
mūlidē (active indicative singular third-person)
mūlidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
mūlidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
mūlidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
mūlidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
mūlidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
mūlidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
mūlidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
mūlidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
mūlidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
mūlidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
mūlidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
mūlijandz (active participle present)
mūlidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *mūlijan
Old Saxon: mūlian
Middle Low German: mülen
Old Dutch: mūlen
Middle Dutch: mulen
Dutch: muilen

Old Norse: mýla

Norwegian Nynorsk: myla

Swedish: myla

⇒ Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (faurmūljan)


muldijaną

muldijō (active first-person indicative singular)
muldijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
muldijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
muldīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
muldijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
muldī (active imperative second-person singular)
muldijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
muldijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
muldīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
muldijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
muldijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
muldijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
muldijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
muldijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
muldijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
muldijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
muldijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
muldijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
muldijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
muldijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
muldijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
muldijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
muldīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
muldijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
muldīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
muldijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
muldijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
muldijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
muldijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
muldijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
muldijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
muldijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
muldidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
muldidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
muldidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
muldidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
muldidē (active indicative singular third-person)
muldidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
muldidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
muldidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
muldidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
muldidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
muldidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
muldidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
muldidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
muldidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
muldidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
muldidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
muldijandz (active participle present)
muldidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *muldijan
Old English: *myldan
⇒ Old English: bemyldan
Old High German: multen

Old Norse: mylda

Icelandic: mylda


murþijaną

murþijō (active first-person indicative singular)
murþijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
murþijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
murþīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
murþijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
murþī (active imperative second-person singular)
murþijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
murþijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
murþīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
murþijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
murþijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
murþijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
murþijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
murþijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
murþijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
murþijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
murþijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
murþijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
murþijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
murþijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
murþijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
murþijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
murþīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
murþijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
murþīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
murþijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
murþijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
murþijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
murþijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
murþijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
murþijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
murþijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
murþidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
murþidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
murþidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
murþidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
murþidē (active indicative singular third-person)
murþidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
murþidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
murþidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
murþidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
murþidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
murþidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
murþidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
murþidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
murþidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
murþidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
murþidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
murþijandz (active participle present)
murþidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *murþijan
Old High German: murden, (readaptated to the noun) morden
Middle High German: mürden, mörden, morden
German: morden

Old Norse: myrða

Icelandic: myrða

Faroese: myrða

Norwegian:

Bokmål: myrde

Nynorsk: myrde, myrda

Danish: myrde


naglijaną

naglijō (active first-person indicative singular)
naglijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
naglijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
naglīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
naglijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
naglī (active imperative second-person singular)
naglijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
naglijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
naglīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
naglijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
naglijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
naglijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
naglijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
naglijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
naglijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
naglijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
naglijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
naglijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
naglijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
naglijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
naglijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
naglijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
naglīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
naglijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
naglīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
naglijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
naglijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
naglijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
naglijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
naglijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
naglijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
naglijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
naglidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
naglidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
naglidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
naglidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
naglidē (active indicative singular third-person)
naglidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
naglidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
naglidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
naglidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
naglidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
naglidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
naglidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
naglidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
naglidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
naglidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
naglidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
naglijandz (active participle present)
naglidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *naglijan; *naglōn

Old English: næġlan; næġlian

Middle English: nailen

English: nail

Scots: nail

Old Frisian: *neila, *nīla; *neilia, *nīlja

Saterland Frisian: nailje

West Frisian: nagelje

Old Saxon: neglian

desc

Middle Low German: nēgelen, neglen, nāgelen

German Low German: nageln

Old Dutch: nagalen, *negilen

Middle Dutch: nēgelen, neglen, nāgelen

Dutch: nagelen

Old High German: negilen, nagalen

Middle High German: negelen, nagelen, nageln

German: nageln

Old Norse: negla

Icelandic: negla

Swedish: nagla

⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ganagljan)


ganōgijaną

ganōgijō (active first-person indicative singular)
ganōgijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ganōgijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
ganōgīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
ganōgijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ganōgī (active imperative second-person singular)
ganōgijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
ganōgijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
ganōgīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
ganōgijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ganōgijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
ganōgijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
ganōgijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
ganōgijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
ganōgijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
ganōgijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ganōgijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ganōgijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
ganōgijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
ganōgijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ganōgijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
ganōgijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
ganōgīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
ganōgijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ganōgīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
ganōgijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
ganōgijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
ganōgijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
ganōgijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ganōgijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
ganōgijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
ganōgijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
ganōgidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
ganōgidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ganōgidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
ganōgidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ganōgidē (active indicative singular third-person)
ganōgidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ganōgidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
ganōgidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
ganōgidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ganōgidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ganōgidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
ganōgidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ganōgidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
ganōgidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ganōgidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
ganōgidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ganōgijandz (active participle present)
ganōgidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *ganōgijan
Old Saxon: *ginōgian
Middle Low German: genȫgen
Old Dutch: *ginuogen
Middle Dutch: genoegen
Dutch: genoegen
Old High German: ginuogen
Middle High German: genüegen
German: genügen

Old Norse: nœgja, gnœgja

Icelandic: nægja, gnægja

Norwegian Nynorsk: nøya, nøye

Danish: nøje, nøjes (mostly used in the passive)

Old Swedish: nøghia

Swedish: nöja

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ganōhjan)

From *ganōgaz (“enough, sufficient”) + *-janą.


skrūdijaną

skrūdijō (active first-person indicative singular)
skrūdijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skrūdijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
skrūdīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
skrūdijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skrūdī (active imperative second-person singular)
skrūdijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
skrūdijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
skrūdīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
skrūdijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skrūdijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
skrūdijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
skrūdijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
skrūdijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
skrūdijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skrūdijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skrūdijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skrūdijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
skrūdijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
skrūdijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skrūdijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
skrūdijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
skrūdīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
skrūdijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skrūdīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
skrūdijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
skrūdijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
skrūdijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
skrūdijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skrūdijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
skrūdijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
skrūdijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
skrūdidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
skrūdidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skrūdidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
skrūdidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skrūdidē (active indicative singular third-person)
skrūdidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skrūdidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
skrūdidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skrūdidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skrūdidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skrūdidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
skrūdidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skrūdidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
skrūdidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skrūdidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
skrūdidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skrūdijandz (active participle present)
skrūdidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *skrūdijan
Old English: sċrȳdan, sċrēdan
Middle English: schryden, schrede, schride, schrude, schryde, scruyde, shrede, shride, schruden, scryden, scrydæn, shridenn, shruden (Early Middle English), ssrede (Kent)
English: shride (obsolete)

Old Norse: skrýða

Icelandic: skrýða

From *skrūdą (“clothes, attire, dress”) + *-janą.


sufjaną

sufjō (active first-person indicative singular)
sufjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
sufjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
sufisi (active indicative second-person singular)
sufjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sufi (active imperative second-person singular)
sufjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
sufjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
sufiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
sufjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sufjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
sufjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
sufjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
sufjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
sufjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sufjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sufjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sufjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
sufjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
sufjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sufjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
sufjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
sufiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
sufjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sufiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
sufjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
sufjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
sufjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
sufjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sufjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
sufjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
sufjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
sufidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
sufidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
sufidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
sufidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sufidē (active indicative singular third-person)
sufidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sufidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
sufidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sufidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sufidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sufidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
sufidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sufidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
sufidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sufidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
sufidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sufjandz (active participle present)
sufidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *suffjan

Old Dutch: *suffen

Middle Dutch: suffen

Dutch: suffen

→? Dutch Low Saxon: suffen

→? West Frisian: suffe

Old Norse: syfja

Icelandic: syfja

A zero-grade formation to *swefaną, or from *sufjaz (“sleepy”) + *-janą

(impersonal, with accusative) to become sleepy, to doze off


suljaną

suljō (active first-person indicative singular)
suljaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
suljai (first-person indicative passive singular)
sulisi (active indicative second-person singular)
suljais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
suli (active imperative second-person singular)
suljasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
suljaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
suliþi (active indicative singular third-person)
suljai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
suljaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
suljaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
suljaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
suljōs (active dual first-person indicative)
suljaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
suljaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
suljaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
suljaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
suljamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
suljaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
suljanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
suljainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
suliþ (active indicative plural second-person)
suljaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
suliþ (active imperative plural second-person)
suljanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
suljainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
suljanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
suljain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
suljanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
suljanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
suljainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
sulidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
sulidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
sulidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
sulidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sulidē (active indicative singular third-person)
sulidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sulidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
sulidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sulidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sulidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sulidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
sulidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sulidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
sulidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sulidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
sulidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
suljandz (active participle present)
sulidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: sylla

Icelandic: sylla

⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gasuljan)

From *sulī (“balk, bar, threshold, sill”) + *-janą.


tahjaną

tahjō (active first-person indicative singular)
tahjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tahjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
tahisi (active indicative second-person singular)
tahjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tahi (active imperative second-person singular)
tahjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
tahjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
tahiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
tahjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tahjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
tahjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
tahjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
tahjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
tahjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tahjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tahjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tahjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
tahjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
tahjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tahjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
tahjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
tahiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
tahjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tahiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
tahjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
tahjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
tahjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
tahjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tahjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
tahjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
tahjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
tahidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
tahidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tahidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
tahidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tahidē (active indicative singular third-person)
tahidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tahidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
tahidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tahidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tahidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tahidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
tahidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tahidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
tahidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tahidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
tahidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tahjandz (active participle present)
tahidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: tæja

Icelandic: tæja

Gothic: 𐍄𐌰𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (tahjan)

From Pre-Germanic *dh₁k-ye- from Proto-Indo-European *deh₁k-, further related to *tēgō (“fibre, sinew”).


tadjaną

tadjō (active first-person indicative singular)
tadjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tadjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
tadisi (active indicative second-person singular)
tadjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tadi (active imperative second-person singular)
tadjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
tadjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
tadiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
tadjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tadjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
tadjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
tadjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
tadjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
tadjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tadjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tadjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tadjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
tadjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
tadjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tadjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
tadjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
tadiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
tadjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tadiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
tadjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
tadjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
tadjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
tadjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tadjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
tadjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
tadjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
tadidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
tadidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tadidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
tadidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tadidē (active indicative singular third-person)
tadidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tadidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
tadidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tadidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tadidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tadidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
tadidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tadidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
tadidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tadidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
tadidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tadjandz (active participle present)
tadidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *taddjan
Old English: *teddan
Middle English: tedden, tedde
English: ted
Scots: ted
Old Dutch: *tedden
Middle Dutch: tedden
Old High German: zetten
Middle High German: zetten
German: zetten
⇒ German: zetteln

Old Norse: teðja

Icelandic: teðja

→ Middle English: tathen

English: tath

From *tadą (“that which is strewn, droppings, dung”) + *-janą.


sundrijaną

sundrijō (active first-person indicative singular)
sundrijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
sundrijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
sundrīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
sundrijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sundrī (active imperative second-person singular)
sundrijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
sundrijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
sundrīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
sundrijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sundrijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
sundrijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
sundrijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
sundrijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
sundrijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sundrijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sundrijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sundrijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
sundrijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
sundrijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sundrijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
sundrijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
sundrīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
sundrijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sundrīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
sundrijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
sundrijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
sundrijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
sundrijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sundrijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
sundrijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
sundrijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
sundridǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
sundridēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
sundridēz (active indicative second-person singular)
sundridēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sundridē (active indicative singular third-person)
sundridēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sundridēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
sundridēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sundridēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sundridēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sundridēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
sundridēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sundridēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
sundridēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sundridēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
sundridēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sundrijandz (active participle present)
sundridaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *sundrijan
Old English: syndrian
Old Saxon: *sundrian
Middle Low German: sünderen

Old Norse: *syndra

Faroese: syndra

Norn: syndra

Old Swedish: syndra

Swedish: söndra

Danish: søndre


stūfijaną

stūfijō (active first-person indicative singular)
stūfijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stūfijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
stūfīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
stūfijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stūfī (active imperative second-person singular)
stūfijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
stūfijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
stūfīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
stūfijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stūfijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
stūfijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
stūfijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
stūfijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
stūfijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stūfijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stūfijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stūfijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
stūfijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
stūfijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stūfijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
stūfijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
stūfīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
stūfijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stūfīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
stūfijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
stūfijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
stūfijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
stūfijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stūfijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
stūfijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
stūfijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
stūfidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
stūfidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stūfidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
stūfidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stūfidē (active indicative singular third-person)
stūfidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stūfidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
stūfidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stūfidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stūfidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stūfidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
stūfidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stūfidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
stūfidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stūfidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
stūfidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stūfijandz (active participle present)
stūfidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *stūfijan

Old Saxon: *stūvian

Middle Low German: stūven

Old Norse: stýfa

Icelandic: stýfa