granjōną

granjō (active first-person indicative singular)
granjǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
granjōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
granjōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
granjōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
granjō (active imperative second-person singular)
granjōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
granjōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
granjōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
granjō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
granjōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
granjōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
granjōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
granjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
granjōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
granjōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
granjōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
granjōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
granjōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
granjōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
granjōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
granjōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
granjōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
granjōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
granjōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
granjōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
granjōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
granjōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
granjōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
granjōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
granjōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
granjōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
granjōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
granjōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
granjōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
granjōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
granjōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
granjōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
granjōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
granjōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
granjōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
granjōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
granjōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
granjōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
granjōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
granjōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
granjōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
granjōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
granjōndz (active participle present)
granjōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *grannjōn, *granjōn, *granōn
Old English: grennian
Middle English: grinnen
English: grin
Old Saxon: *grenōn, *grennōn
Middle Low German: *grēnen, *grennen
⇒ Middle Low German: grēneken, grenneken
Old Dutch: *grenon, *grennon
Middle Dutch: grēnen
Dutch: grinnen
⇒ Middle Dutch: grēniken
Dutch: greniken, grinniken
Old High German: granōn, grennōn
Middle High German: granen, grannen, grennen, grinnen

Old Norse: grenja

Icelandic: grenja

Faroese: grenja

Norwegian Nynorsk: grenje, grenja

Swedish: grinna

Possibly related to *grīnaną and *grainōną.


fnesaną

fnesō (active first-person indicative singular)
fnesaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fnesai (first-person indicative passive singular)
fnisizi (active indicative second-person singular)
fnesaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fnes (active imperative second-person singular)
fnesazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
fnesaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
fnisidi (active indicative singular third-person)
fnesai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fnesadau (active imperative singular third-person)
fnesadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
fnesaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
fnesōz (active dual first-person indicative)
fnesaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fnesadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fnesaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fnesadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
fnesamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
fnesaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fnesandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
fnesaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
fnisid (active indicative plural second-person)
fnesaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fnisid (active imperative plural second-person)
fnesandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
fnesaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
fnesandi (active indicative plural third-person)
fnesain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fnesandau (active imperative plural third-person)
fnesandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
fnesaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
fnas (active first-person indicative singular)
fnēzį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fnast (active indicative second-person singular)
fnēzīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fnas (active indicative singular third-person)
fnēzī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fnēzū (active dual first-person indicative)
fnēzīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fnēzudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fnēzīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fnēzum (active first-person indicative plural)
fnēzīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fnēzud (active indicative plural second-person)
fnēzīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fnēzun (active indicative plural third-person)
fnēzīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fnesandz (active participle present)
fnezanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *fnesan

desctree

Old English: fnesan
Middle English: fnesen (merged with descendant of Old English fnēosan)
English: sneeze
Scots: sneeze

From Proto-Indo-European *pnew- (“to breathe, pant, gasp; snort, sneeze”).

der

fnāstijōnOld English: fnǣstianMiddle English: fnasten

fnestenOld High German: fnāstōn>? Middle High German: pfnesten

pfneschezen

Old High German: fneskazzen, fneskezzen; Middle High German

pfnāsen

Old High German: *fnāsōn; Middle High German

phnāst

Old High German: *fnāst; Middle High German

Old English: fnǣranMiddle English: *fneren, snerenEnglish: sneerScots: snere, sneer

⇒ Old English: fnǣrettanMiddle English: fnerten


miliskōną

miliskō (active first-person indicative singular)
miliskǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
miliskōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
miliskōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
miliskōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
miliskō (active imperative second-person singular)
miliskōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
miliskōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
miliskōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
miliskō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
miliskōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
miliskōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
miliskōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
miliskōs (active dual first-person indicative)
miliskōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
miliskōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
miliskōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
miliskōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
miliskōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
miliskōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
miliskōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
miliskōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
miliskōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
miliskōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
miliskōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
miliskōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
miliskōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
miliskōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
miliskōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
miliskōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
miliskōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
miliskōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
miliskōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
miliskōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
miliskōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
miliskōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
miliskōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
miliskōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
miliskōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
miliskōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
miliskōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
miliskōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
miliskōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
miliskōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
miliskōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
miliskōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
miliskōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
miliskōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
miliskōndz (active participle present)
miliskōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *miliskōn
Old English: milscian, miliscian

Old Norse: milska


midlōną

midlō (active first-person indicative singular)
midlǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
midlōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
midlōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
midlōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
midlō (active imperative second-person singular)
midlōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
midlōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
midlōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
midlō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
midlōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
midlōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
midlōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
midlōs (active dual first-person indicative)
midlōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
midlōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
midlōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
midlōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
midlōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
midlōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
midlōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
midlōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
midlōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
midlōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
midlōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
midlōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
midlōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
midlōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
midlōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
midlōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
midlōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
midlōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
midlōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
midlōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
midlōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
midlōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
midlōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
midlōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
midlōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
midlōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
midlōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
midlōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
midlōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
midlōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
midlōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
midlōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
midlōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
midlōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
midlōndz (active participle present)
midlōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *midlōn
Old English: midlian
Middle English: middlen
English: middle
⇒ Scots: midling, midlin (adjective)
Old Frisian: *middelia
Saterland Frisian: middelje
West Frisian: middelje
Old Saxon: *middilōn
Middle Low German: middelen
German Low German: middeln
Old Dutch: *middilon
Middle Dutch: middelen
Dutch: middelen
⇒ Old Dutch: gimiddilon
Old High German: *mittilōn
Middle High German: mitteln, mittelen
German: mitteln
⇒? Old High German: mittilodōn

Old Norse: miðla

Icelandic: miðla

Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: midle

Norwegian Nynorsk: midle, midla

Swedish: medla

to join in the middle, to meet in between


þwerhōną

þwerhō (active first-person indicative singular)
þwerhǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þwerhōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
þwerhōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
þwerhōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þwerhō (active imperative second-person singular)
þwerhōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
þwerhōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
þwerhōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
þwerhō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þwerhōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
þwerhōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
þwerhōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
þwerhōs (active dual first-person indicative)
þwerhōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þwerhōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þwerhōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þwerhōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
þwerhōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
þwerhōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þwerhōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
þwerhōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
þwerhōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
þwerhōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þwerhōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
þwerhōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
þwerhōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
þwerhōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
þwerhōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þwerhōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
þwerhōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
þwerhōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
þwerhōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
þwerhōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þwerhōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
þwerhōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þwerhōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
þwerhōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þwerhōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
þwerhōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þwerhōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þwerhōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þwerhōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
þwerhōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þwerhōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
þwerhōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þwerhōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
þwerhōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þwerhōndz (active participle present)
þwerhōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *þwerhōn
Old English: þweorian, þwȳrian
Middle English: thwiren
Old Saxon: *þwerhōn
Middle Low German: dwēren
Old High German: *dwerahōn
Middle High German: twerhen, zwerchen
German: queren

Old Norse: *þvera, þverast

Icelandic: þvera

Swedish: tvära

From *þwerhaz (“cross, adverse”) + *-ōną.


tehundōną

tehundō (active first-person indicative singular)
tehundǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tehundōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
tehundōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
tehundōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tehundō (active imperative second-person singular)
tehundōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
tehundōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
tehundōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
tehundō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tehundōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
tehundōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
tehundōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
tehundōs (active dual first-person indicative)
tehundōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tehundōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tehundōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tehundōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
tehundōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
tehundōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tehundōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
tehundōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
tehundōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
tehundōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tehundōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
tehundōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
tehundōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
tehundōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
tehundōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tehundōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
tehundōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
tehundōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
tehundōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
tehundōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tehundōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
tehundōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tehundōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
tehundōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tehundōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
tehundōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tehundōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tehundōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tehundōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
tehundōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tehundōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
tehundōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tehundōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
tehundōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tehundōndz (active participle present)
tehundōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *tehundōn
Old English: tēoþian, teogoþian
Middle English: tithen, teþen, teythe, tiþe, tiþen, tythe, tythen, tyþin, teðien, teoheðien, teouðen, teþegen, tiheðen
English: tithe
Old Saxon: *tehandōn, tegathōn
Middle Low German: tēnden, tīenden, tēgeden, tēgen
Old Dutch: *tiandon
Middle Dutch: tienden
Dutch: tienden
Old High German: *zehandōn
Middle High German: zehenden

Old Norse: tíunda

Icelandic: tíunda

Swedish: tionda

to pay a tithe, to pay a tenth of something

to receive a tithe, to receive a tenth of something


uberōną

uberō (active first-person indicative singular)
uberǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uberōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
uberōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
uberōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uberō (active imperative second-person singular)
uberōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
uberōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
uberōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
uberō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uberōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
uberōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
uberōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
uberōs (active dual first-person indicative)
uberōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uberōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uberōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uberōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
uberōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
uberōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uberōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
uberōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
uberōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
uberōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uberōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
uberōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
uberōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
uberōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
uberōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uberōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
uberōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
uberōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
uberōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
uberōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uberōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
uberōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uberōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
uberōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uberōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
uberōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uberōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uberōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uberōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
uberōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uberōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
uberōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uberōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
uberōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uberōndz (active participle present)
uberōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *obarōn
Old English: oferian, uferian
Old Saxon: *ovarōn
Middle Low German: ȫveren, ōveren
Old Dutch: *overon
Middle Dutch: ōveren
Dutch: overen
Old High German: obarōn
Middle High German: oberen, überen

Old Norse: ofra

Icelandic: ofra


jukōną

jukō (active first-person indicative singular)
jukǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
jukōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
jukōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
jukōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
jukō (active imperative second-person singular)
jukōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
jukōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
jukōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
jukō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
jukōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
jukōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
jukōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
jukōs (active dual first-person indicative)
jukōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
jukōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
jukōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
jukōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
jukōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
jukōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
jukōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
jukōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
jukōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
jukōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
jukōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
jukōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
jukōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
jukōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
jukōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
jukōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
jukōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
jukōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
jukōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
jukōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
jukōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
jukōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
jukōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
jukōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
jukōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
jukōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
jukōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
jukōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
jukōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
jukōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
jukōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
jukōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
jukōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
jukōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
jukōndz (active participle present)
jukōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *jukōn
Old English: ġeocian
Middle English: yoken, ȝeokyn, ȝoke, ȝoken, ȝokke, jockyn, yoke
English: yoke
Scots: yoke
Old Saxon: *jukōn
Middle Low German: jȫken, jōken
Old Dutch: *jukon
Middle Dutch: jōken, jocken, jucken
Dutch: jukken
Old High German: *johhōn
Middle High German: jochen
German: jochen

Old Norse: oka

Icelandic: oka


hwaþjaną

hwaþjō (active first-person indicative singular)
hwaþjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hwaþjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hwaþisi (active indicative second-person singular)
hwaþjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hwaþi (active imperative second-person singular)
hwaþjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hwaþjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hwaþiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hwaþjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hwaþjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hwaþjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hwaþjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hwaþjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hwaþjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hwaþjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hwaþjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hwaþjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hwaþjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hwaþjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hwaþjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hwaþjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hwaþiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hwaþjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hwaþiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hwaþjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hwaþjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hwaþjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hwaþjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hwaþjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hwaþjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hwaþjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hwaþidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hwaþidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hwaþidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hwaþidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hwaþidē (active indicative singular third-person)
hwaþidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hwaþidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hwaþidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hwaþidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hwaþidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hwaþidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hwaþidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hwaþidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hwaþidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hwaþidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hwaþidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hwaþjandz (active participle present)
hwaþidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *hwaþrōn

Old English: hwaþerian, hwoþerian

Gothic: 𐍈𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ƕaþjan)

/ˈxʷɑθ.jɑ.nɑ̃/

From Proto-Indo-European *kweth₂- (“to bubble, foam”).


tō banini werþaną

Old English: to bonan weorþan

Old Saxon: te banon werðan

Old Dutch: *te banin werthan

Middle Dutch: te banen werden

Old High German: zi banin werdan

Old Norse: at bana verða

Icelandic: verða að bana

(transitive, with dative) to become (one’s) slayer; to murder


wilinōną

wilinō (active first-person indicative singular)
wilinǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wilinōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
wilinōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wilinōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wilinō (active imperative second-person singular)
wilinōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wilinōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wilinōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wilinō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wilinōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wilinōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wilinōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wilinōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wilinōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wilinōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wilinōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wilinōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wilinōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wilinōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wilinōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wilinōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wilinōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wilinōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wilinōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wilinōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wilinōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wilinōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wilinōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wilinōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wilinōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wilinōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wilinōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wilinōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wilinōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wilinōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wilinōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
wilinōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wilinōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wilinōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wilinōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wilinōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wilinōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wilinōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wilinōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wilinōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wilinōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wilinōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wilinōndz (active participle present)
wilinōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *wilinōn

Old English: wilnian

Middle English: wilnen

Old Norse: vilna

Icelandic: vilna


þrawōną

þrawō (active first-person indicative singular)
þrawǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þrawōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
þrawōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
þrawōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þrawō (active imperative second-person singular)
þrawōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
þrawōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
þrawōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
þrawō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þrawōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
þrawōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
þrawōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
þrawōs (active dual first-person indicative)
þrawōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þrawōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þrawōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þrawōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
þrawōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
þrawōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þrawōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
þrawōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
þrawōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
þrawōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þrawōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
þrawōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
þrawōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
þrawōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
þrawōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þrawōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
þrawōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
þrawōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
þrawōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
þrawōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þrawōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
þrawōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þrawōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
þrawōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þrawōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
þrawōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þrawōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þrawōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þrawōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
þrawōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þrawōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
þrawōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þrawōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
þrawōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þrawōndz (active participle present)
þrawōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *þrawōn
Old English: þrēawian
Old Saxon: *thrōōn
Middle Low German: drouwen, drowen, drauwen, drūwen
Low German: drauhen
⇒ Old Saxon: githrōōn
Old High German: *drōōn
Middle High German: drōn, drouwen, drowen
German: drohen

Old Norse: þrá
Icelandic: þrá
Faroese: tráa
Norn: trå
Norwegian Nynorsk: trå
Norwegian Bokmål: trå
Old Swedish: þra, thra
Swedish: trå
Old Danish: thra
Danish: attrå

From *þrawō (“suffering, longing”) + *-ōną.


hriþōną

hriþō (active first-person indicative singular)
hriþǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hriþōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
hriþōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
hriþōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hriþō (active imperative second-person singular)
hriþōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hriþōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hriþōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hriþō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hriþōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hriþōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hriþōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hriþōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hriþōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hriþōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hriþōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hriþōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hriþōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hriþōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hriþōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hriþōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hriþōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hriþōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hriþōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hriþōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hriþōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hriþōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hriþōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hriþōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hriþōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hriþōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hriþōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hriþōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hriþōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hriþōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hriþōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
hriþōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hriþōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hriþōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hriþōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hriþōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hriþōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hriþōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hriþōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hriþōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hriþōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hriþōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hriþōndz (active participle present)
hriþōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *hriþōn
Old English: hriþian

Old Norse: riða (with unexpected loss of initial h-)

Icelandic: riða

Faroese: riða

From *hriþiz (“shivers, fever”) + *-ōną. Compare also West Germanic *hrīþēn - *hrīþōn, which displays the full ablaut grade.


smēhōną

smēhō (active first-person indicative singular)
smēhǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
smēhōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
smēhōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
smēhōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
smēhō (active imperative second-person singular)
smēhōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
smēhōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
smēhōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
smēhō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
smēhōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
smēhōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
smēhōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
smēhōs (active dual first-person indicative)
smēhōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
smēhōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
smēhōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
smēhōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
smēhōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
smēhōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
smēhōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
smēhōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
smēhōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
smēhōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
smēhōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
smēhōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
smēhōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
smēhōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
smēhōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
smēhōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
smēhōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
smēhōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
smēhōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
smēhōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
smēhōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
smēhōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
smēhōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
smēhōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
smēhōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
smēhōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
smēhōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
smēhōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
smēhōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
smēhōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
smēhōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
smēhōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
smēhōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
smēhōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
smēhōndz (active participle present)
smēhōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *smāhōn
Old Frisian: smāia
West Frisian: smaadzje
Old Dutch: *smāion
Middle Dutch: smâen, smâden
Dutch: smaden
Old High German: *smāhon
Middle High German: smāhen

Old Norse: smá

Icelandic: smá

Faroese: smáa


knusōną

knusō (active first-person indicative singular)
knusǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
knusōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
knusōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
knusōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
knusō (active imperative second-person singular)
knusōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
knusōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
knusōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
knusō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
knusōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
knusōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
knusōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
knusōs (active dual first-person indicative)
knusōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
knusōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
knusōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
knusōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
knusōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
knusōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
knusōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
knusōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
knusōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
knusōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
knusōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
knusōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
knusōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
knusōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
knusōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
knusōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
knusōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
knusōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
knusōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
knusōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
knusōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
knusōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
knusōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
knusōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
knusōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
knusōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
knusōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
knusōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
knusōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
knusōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
knusōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
knusōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
knusōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
knusōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
knusōndz (active participle present)
knusōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *knosōn
Old English: cnossian
Old Saxon: *knosōn
Middle Low German: knōsen
Old Dutch: *cnoson
Middle Dutch: cnōsen

Old Norse: knosa, *knusa

Icelandic: knosa

Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: knuse

Norwegian Nynorsk: knuse, knusa

Swedish: knusa, knosa, knossa

Danish: knuse

Orel suggests an onomatopoeic origin. Compare also West Germanic *knussjan.


swamōną

swamō (active first-person indicative singular)
swamǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swamōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
swamōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
swamōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swamō (active imperative second-person singular)
swamōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
swamōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
swamōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
swamō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swamōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
swamōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
swamōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
swamōs (active dual first-person indicative)
swamōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swamōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swamōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swamōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
swamōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
swamōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swamōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
swamōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
swamōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
swamōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swamōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
swamōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
swamōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
swamōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
swamōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swamōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
swamōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
swamōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
swamōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
swamōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swamōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
swamōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swamōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
swamōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swamōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
swamōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swamōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swamōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swamōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
swamōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swamōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
swamōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swamōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
swamōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swamōndz (active participle present)
swamōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *swamōn

Old High German: *swamōn

Middle High German: swamen

⇒ Old Norse: svamla

Icelandic: svamla

Faroese: svamla, svambla

Norwegian Nynorsk: svamle, svamla

Swedish: svamla

An o-grade iterative formation to the strong verb *swimmaną (“to swim”).


kippōną

kippō (active first-person indicative singular)
kippǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
kippōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
kippōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
kippōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
kippō (active imperative second-person singular)
kippōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
kippōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
kippōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
kippō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
kippōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
kippōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
kippōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
kippōs (active dual first-person indicative)
kippōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
kippōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
kippōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
kippōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
kippōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
kippōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
kippōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
kippōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
kippōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
kippōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
kippōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
kippōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
kippōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
kippōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
kippōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
kippōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
kippōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
kippōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
kippōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
kippōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
kippōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
kippōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
kippōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
kippōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
kippōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
kippōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
kippōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
kippōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
kippōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
kippōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
kippōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
kippōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
kippōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
kippōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
kippōndz (active participle present)
kippōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *kippōn
Old Saxon: *kippōn
Middle Low German: kippen
German Low German: kippen
→ Scots: kip
Old High German: *kippōn
Middle High German: kippen
German: kippen
→ Dutch: kippen, kiepen
→ West Frisian: kippe, kipe, kypje

Old Norse: *kippa

Icelandic: kippa

Faroese: kippa

Elfdalian: tjippas

A zero grade iterative formation to an unattested strong verb *kīpaną, whence also *kaipaz (“tholepin”).


kippōną

Proto-West Germanic: *kippōn
Old English: *cippian
Middle English: chippen
English: chip
Scots: chip
Old Dutch: *kippon
Middle Dutch: kippen
Dutch: kippen
→ Middle Low German: kippen
→ Middle English: kippen (or borrowed from Old Norse instead)
English: kip

Old Norse: kippa

Icelandic: kippa

Faroese: kippa

Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: kippe

Norwegian Nynorsk: kippe, kippa

Swedish: kippa

→ Middle English: kippen (or borrowed from Middle Dutch instead)

English: kip


ēbanþāną

ēbanþō (active first-person indicative singular)
ēbanþaisi (active indicative second-person singular)
ēbanþai (active imperative second-person singular)
ēbanþāsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
ēbanþaiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
ēbanþāþau (active imperative singular third-person)
ēbanþāþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
ēbanþōs (active dual first-person indicative)
ēbanþāþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ēbanþāþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
ēbanþāmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
ēbanþānþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
ēbanþaiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
ēbanþaiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
ēbanþānþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
ēbanþānþi (active indicative plural third-person)
ēbanþānþau (active imperative plural third-person)
ēbanþānþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
ēbanþadǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
ēbanþadēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ēbanþadēz (active indicative second-person singular)
ēbanþadēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ēbanþadē (active indicative singular third-person)
ēbanþadēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ēbanþadēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
ēbanþadēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
ēbanþadēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ēbanþadēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ēbanþadēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
ēbanþadēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ēbanþadēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
ēbanþadēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ēbanþadēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
ēbanþadēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ēbanþāndz (active participle present)
ēbanþadaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *ābanþēn
Old English: ǣfnian, ǣfenian
Old Dutch: *avondon
Middle Dutch: *avonden
Dutch: avonden (possibly a new formation)
Old High German: abandēn
Middle High German: abenden
German: abenden

Old Norse: aptna

Icelandic: aftna

Faroese: aftna, eftna

Swedish: aftnas

Old Danish: aftnes

/ˈɛː.βɑn.θɑː.nɑ̃/


frakwistijaną

frakwistijō (active first-person indicative singular)
frakwistijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
frakwistijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
frakwistīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
frakwistijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
frakwistī (active imperative second-person singular)
frakwistijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
frakwistijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
frakwistīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
frakwistijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
frakwistijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
frakwistijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
frakwistijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
frakwistijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
frakwistijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
frakwistijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
frakwistijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
frakwistijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
frakwistijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
frakwistijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
frakwistijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
frakwistijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
frakwistīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
frakwistijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
frakwistīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
frakwistijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
frakwistijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
frakwistijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
frakwistijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
frakwistijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
frakwistijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
frakwistijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
frakwistidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
frakwistidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
frakwistidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
frakwistidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
frakwistidē (active indicative singular third-person)
frakwistidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
frakwistidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
frakwistidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
frakwistidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
frakwistidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
frakwistidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
frakwistidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
frakwistidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
frakwistidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
frakwistidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
frakwistidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
frakwistijandz (active participle present)
frakwistidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *frakwistijan
Old Saxon: *farquistian
Middle Low German: vorquisten
Old Dutch: *farquisten
Middle Dutch: verquisten
Dutch: verkwisten
Afrikaans: verkwis
Old High German: firquisten
Middle High German: verquesten
German: verquisten (obsolete)

Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fraqistjan)


dungōną

dungō (active first-person indicative singular)
dungǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
dungōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
dungōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
dungōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
dungō (active imperative second-person singular)
dungōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
dungōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
dungōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
dungō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
dungōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
dungōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
dungōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
dungōs (active dual first-person indicative)
dungōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
dungōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
dungōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
dungōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
dungōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
dungōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
dungōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
dungōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
dungōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
dungōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
dungōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
dungōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
dungōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
dungōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
dungōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
dungōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
dungōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
dungōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
dungōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
dungōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
dungōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
dungōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
dungōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
dungōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
dungōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
dungōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
dungōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
dungōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
dungōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
dungōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
dungōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
dungōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
dungōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
dungōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
dungōndz (active participle present)
dungōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *dungōn

Old English: *dungian

Middle English: dungen, dongen

English: dung

Scots: dong

Old Frisian: *dungia

West Frisian: dongje

Old Saxon: *dungōn

Middle Low German: dungen

Old Dutch: *dungon

Middle Dutch: dongen

Dutch: dongen

Old High German: *tungōn

Middle High German: tungen

Old Norse: *dunga

Faroese: dunga

Swedish: dunga

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰengʰ- (“to cover, hide, conceal”).


talgijaną

talgijō (active first-person indicative singular)
talgijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
talgijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
talgīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
talgijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
talgī (active imperative second-person singular)
talgijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
talgijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
talgīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
talgijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
talgijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
talgijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
talgijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
talgijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
talgijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
talgijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
talgijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
talgijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
talgijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
talgijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
talgijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
talgijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
talgīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
talgijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
talgīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
talgijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
talgijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
talgijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
talgijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
talgijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
talgijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
talgijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
talgidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
talgidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
talgidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
talgidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
talgidē (active indicative singular third-person)
talgidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
talgidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
talgidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
talgidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
talgidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
talgidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
talgidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
talgidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
talgidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
talgidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
talgidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
talgijandz (active participle present)
talgidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-Norse: ᛏᚨᛚᚷᛁᛞᚨᛁ (talgidai) (third-person singular past indicative)

desctree

Old Norse: telgja
Icelandic: telgja
Norwegian Nynorsk: telgja; (dialectal) tægje
Norwegian Bokmål: telgje
Old Swedish: tælghia
Swedish: tälja

Causative, probably derived from *telguz (“branch, twig”), from Proto-Indo-European *delh₁gʰ-. See Proto-Indo-European *dl̥h₁gʰós (“long”).


fēgijaną

fēgijō (active first-person indicative singular)
fēgijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fēgijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
fēgīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
fēgijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fēgī (active imperative second-person singular)
fēgijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
fēgijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
fēgīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
fēgijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fēgijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
fēgijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
fēgijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
fēgijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
fēgijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fēgijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fēgijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fēgijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
fēgijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
fēgijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fēgijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
fēgijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
fēgīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
fēgijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fēgīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
fēgijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
fēgijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
fēgijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
fēgijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fēgijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
fēgijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
fēgijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
fēgidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
fēgidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fēgidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
fēgidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fēgidē (active indicative singular third-person)
fēgidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fēgidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
fēgidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fēgidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fēgidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fēgidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
fēgidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fēgidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
fēgidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fēgidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
fēgidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fēgijandz (active participle present)
fēgidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: fægja

Icelandic: fægja

Old Swedish: fæghia

gl

usually derived from Middle Low German <i class="Latn mention" lang="gml">fēgen</i> (“to sweep, clean, polish”)

>? Swedish: feja (usually derived from Middle Low German fēgen (“to sweep, clean, polish”))

→ Middle English: feȝen, feyen

English: fay (dialectal)

Scots: fey

Uncertain, either from:
* Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ḱ- (“secure, attach, strengthen”), for a similar semantic development see Lithuanian puõsti (“to decorate, make pretty”).
* Or from Proto-Indo-European *peḱ- (“joyful, pretty”), closely related to the strong verb *fehaną (“to rejoice, be glad”).


flōōną

flōō (active first-person indicative singular)
flōǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
flōōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
flōōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
flōōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
flōō (active imperative second-person singular)
flōōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
flōōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
flōōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
flōō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
flōōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
flōōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
flōōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
flōōs (active dual first-person indicative)
flōōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
flōōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
flōōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
flōōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
flōōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
flōōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
flōōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
flōōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
flōōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
flōōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
flōōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
flōōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
flōōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
flōōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
flōōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
flōōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
flōōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
flōōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
flōōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
flōōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
flōōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
flōōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
flōōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
flōōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
flōōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
flōōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
flōōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
flōōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
flōōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
flōōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
flōōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
flōōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
flōōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
flōōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
flōōndz (active participle present)
flōōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: flóa

Icelandic: flóa

Faroese: fløa, fløva

Norwegian Nynorsk: fløa

flóna

Old Norse: flóna (“to become tepid”); Icelandic

flór

Old Norse: flór (“warm, tepid”); Icelandic


understandaną

understandō (active first-person indicative singular)
understandaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
understandai (first-person indicative passive singular)
undirstandizi (active indicative second-person singular)
understandaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
understand (active imperative second-person singular)
understandazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
understandaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
undirstandidi (active indicative singular third-person)
understandai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
understandadau (active imperative singular third-person)
understandadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
understandaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
understandōz (active dual first-person indicative)
understandaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
understandadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
understandaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
understandadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
understandamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
understandaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
understandandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
understandaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
undirstandid (active indicative plural second-person)
understandaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
undirstandid (active imperative plural second-person)
understandandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
understandaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
understandandi (active indicative plural third-person)
understandain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
understandandau (active imperative plural third-person)
understandandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
understandaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
understōþ (active first-person indicative singular)
understōdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
understōst (active indicative second-person singular)
understōdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
understōþ (active indicative singular third-person)
understōdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
understōdū (active dual first-person indicative)
understōdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
understōdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
understōdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
understōdum (active first-person indicative plural)
understōdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
understōdud (active indicative plural second-person)
understōdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
understōdun (active indicative plural third-person)
understōdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
understandandz (active participle present)
understadanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *undarstandan

desctree

Old English: understandan, understondan
Middle English: understonden, understanden
English: understand
Scots: understand, onderstand
Yola: understhoane

Old Frisian: understanda, understonda

Saterland Frisian: unnerstounde

Old Saxon: *undarstandan

Middle Low German: understanden

Old High German: untarstantan

Middle High German: understanden

Old Norse: undirstanda

Icelandic: undirstanda

Faroese: undirstanda


galanaz

Old Norse: galinn
Old Danish: galæn
Danish: gal
Norwegian Bokmål: gal
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: gal
Faroese: galin
Icelandic: galinn
Norwegian Nynorsk: galen; (dialectal) gælin, gælen
Old Swedish: galin
Swedish: galen


swinōną

swinō (active first-person indicative singular)
swinǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swinōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
swinōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
swinōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swinō (active imperative second-person singular)
swinōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
swinōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
swinōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
swinō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swinōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
swinōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
swinōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
swinōs (active dual first-person indicative)
swinōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swinōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swinōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swinōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
swinōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
swinōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swinōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
swinōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
swinōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
swinōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swinōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
swinōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
swinōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
swinōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
swinōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swinōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
swinōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
swinōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
swinōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
swinōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swinōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
swinōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swinōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
swinōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swinōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
swinōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swinōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swinōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swinōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
swinōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swinōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
swinōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swinōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
swinōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swinōndz (active participle present)
swinōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *swinōn

Old High German: swinōn

Old Norse: svina, svena

Icelandic: svina, svena

A zero-grade formation to the strong verb *swīnaną.


fartōną

fartō (active first-person indicative singular)
fartǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fartōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
fartōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
fartōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fartō (active imperative second-person singular)
fartōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
fartōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
fartōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
fartō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fartōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
fartōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
fartōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
fartōs (active dual first-person indicative)
fartōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fartōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fartōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fartōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
fartōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
fartōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fartōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
fartōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
fartōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
fartōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fartōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
fartōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
fartōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
fartōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
fartōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fartōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
fartōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
fartōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
fartōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
fartōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fartōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
fartōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fartōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
fartōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fartōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
fartōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fartōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fartōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fartōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
fartōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fartōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
fartōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fartōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
fartōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fartōndz (active participle present)
fartōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *fartōn

Old English: *feartian

Middle English: farten

English: fart

Old High German: *farzōn

Middle High German: varzen

German: farzen

Yiddish: פֿאַרצן (fartsn)

Old Norse: frata (compare ragr < argr)

Icelandic: frata

Faroese: frata

Norn: frada

Norwegian Nynorsk: frata

Elfdalian: fråtå

/ˈɸɑr.tɔː.nɑ̃/

An o-grade iterative verb to the strong verb *fertaną.


rahtōną

rahtō (active first-person indicative singular)
rahtǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
rahtōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
rahtōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
rahtōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
rahtō (active imperative second-person singular)
rahtōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
rahtōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
rahtōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
rahtō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
rahtōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
rahtōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
rahtōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
rahtōs (active dual first-person indicative)
rahtōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
rahtōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
rahtōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
rahtōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
rahtōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
rahtōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
rahtōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
rahtōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
rahtōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
rahtōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
rahtōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
rahtōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
rahtōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
rahtōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
rahtōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
rahtōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
rahtōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
rahtōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
rahtōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
rahtōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
rahtōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
rahtōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
rahtōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
rahtōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
rahtōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
rahtōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
rahtōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
rahtōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
rahtōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
rahtōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
rahtōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
rahtōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
rahtōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
rahtōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
rahtōndz (active participle present)
rahtōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *rahtōn

Old English: reahtian

Old High German: *rahtōn

Middle High German: rahten

Gothic: 𐍂𐌰𐌷𐍄𐍉𐌽 (rahtōn)

Likely derived from an unattested adjective *rahtaz + *-ōną, seemingly an o-grade variant of *rehtaz (“straight”).


frijahalsōną

frijahalsō (active first-person indicative singular)
frijahalsǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
frijahalsōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
frijahalsōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
frijahalsōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
frijahalsō (active imperative second-person singular)
frijahalsōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
frijahalsōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
frijahalsōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
frijahalsō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
frijahalsōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
frijahalsōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
frijahalsōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
frijahalsōs (active dual first-person indicative)
frijahalsōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
frijahalsōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
frijahalsōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
frijahalsōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
frijahalsōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
frijahalsōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
frijahalsōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
frijahalsōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
frijahalsōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
frijahalsōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
frijahalsōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
frijahalsōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
frijahalsōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
frijahalsōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
frijahalsōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
frijahalsōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
frijahalsōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
frijahalsōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
frijahalsōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
frijahalsōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
frijahalsōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
frijahalsōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
frijahalsōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
frijahalsōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
frijahalsōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
frijahalsōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
frijahalsōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
frijahalsōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
frijahalsōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
frijahalsōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
frijahalsōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
frijahalsōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
frijahalsōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
frijahalsōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
frijahalsōndz (active participle present)
frijahalsōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *frijahalsōn

Old English: frēolsian

Old Norse: frjálsa, frelsa

Icelandic: frelsa

Faroese: frelsa

Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: frelse

Norwegian Nynorsk: frelse, frelsa

Swedish: frälsa

Danish: frelse

From *frijahalsaz (“freedom”) + *-ōną or *frijahalsaz (“free”) + *-ōną.


gamanōną

gamanō (active first-person indicative singular)
gamanǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gamanōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
gamanōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
gamanōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gamanō (active imperative second-person singular)
gamanōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gamanōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gamanōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
gamanō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gamanōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
gamanōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gamanōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gamanōs (active dual first-person indicative)
gamanōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gamanōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gamanōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gamanōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gamanōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gamanōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gamanōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gamanōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gamanōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
gamanōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gamanōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
gamanōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gamanōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gamanōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
gamanōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gamanōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
gamanōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gamanōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gamanōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
gamanōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gamanōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
gamanōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gamanōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
gamanōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gamanōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
gamanōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gamanōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gamanōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gamanōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
gamanōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gamanōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
gamanōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gamanōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
gamanōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gamanōndz (active participle present)
gamanōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *gamanōn
Old English: gamenian, gæmnian, gamnian
Middle English: gamen, game, gamenen, gamene, gammen, gamme, gomeni, gominen, gomenin, gamine
English: gammon, game
Scots: gamin, gammyn, gamyn, game
Yola: gaame, gaume, gaaume
Old High German: *gamanōn
Middle High German: gamenen

Old Norse: gamna

Icelandic: gamna

/ˈɣɑ.mɑ.nɔː.nɑ̃/

From *gamaną (“fun, amusement, game”) + *-ōną.


garēdaną

garēdō (active first-person indicative singular)
garēdaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
garēdai (first-person indicative passive singular)
garēdizi (active indicative second-person singular)
garēdaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
garēd (active imperative second-person singular)
garēdazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
garēdaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
garēdidi (active indicative singular third-person)
garēdai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
garēdadau (active imperative singular third-person)
garēdadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
garēdaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
garēdōz (active dual first-person indicative)
garēdaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
garēdadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
garēdaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
garēdadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
garēdamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
garēdaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
garēdandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
garēdaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
garēdid (active indicative plural second-person)
garēdaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
garēdid (active imperative plural second-person)
garēdandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
garēdaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
garēdandi (active indicative plural third-person)
garēdain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
garēdandau (active imperative plural third-person)
garēdandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
garēdaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
garerōd (active first-person indicative singular)
garerdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
garerōst (active indicative second-person singular)
garerdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
garerōd (active indicative singular third-person)
garerdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
garerdū (active dual first-person indicative)
garerdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
garerdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
garerdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
garerdum (active first-person indicative plural)
garerdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
garerdud (active indicative plural second-person)
garerdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
garerdun (active indicative plural third-person)
garerdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
garēdandz (active participle present)
garēdanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *garādan

Old English: ġerǣdan

Middle English: yreden, ireden

Old Saxon: girādan

Middle Low German: gerâden

Old Dutch: *girādan

Middle Dutch: geraden

Dutch: geraden (dialectal)

Old High German: girātan

Middle High German: gerāten

German: geraten

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌳𐌰𐌽 (garēdan)


fatjaną

fatjō (active first-person indicative singular)
fatjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fatjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
fatisi (active indicative second-person singular)
fatjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fati (active imperative second-person singular)
fatjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
fatjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
fatiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
fatjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fatjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
fatjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
fatjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
fatjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
fatjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fatjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fatjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fatjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
fatjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
fatjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fatjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
fatjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
fatiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
fatjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fatiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
fatjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
fatjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
fatjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
fatjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fatjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
fatjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
fatjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
fatidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
fatidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fatidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
fatidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fatidē (active indicative singular third-person)
fatidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fatidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
fatidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fatidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fatidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fatidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
fatidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fatidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
fatidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fatidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
fatidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fatjandz (active participle present)
fatidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *fattjan

Old High German: *fezzen

desc

⇒ Old High German: fizzōn (class 2 weak verb)

Middle High German: vitzen

German: fitzen

Old Norse: *feta (class 1 weak verb)

Icelandic: feta

Faroese: feta

⇒ Old Norse: þverfeta

Causative of *fetaną (“to walk, stride”, class V strong verb), from Proto-Indo-European *ped- (“to walk, step, go”).


biwandijaną

biwandijō (active first-person indicative singular)
biwandijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
biwandijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
biwandīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
biwandijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
biwandī (active imperative second-person singular)
biwandijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
biwandijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
biwandīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
biwandijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
biwandijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
biwandijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
biwandijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
biwandijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
biwandijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
biwandijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
biwandijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
biwandijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
biwandijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
biwandijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
biwandijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
biwandijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
biwandīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
biwandijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
biwandīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
biwandijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
biwandijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
biwandijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
biwandijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
biwandijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
biwandijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
biwandijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
biwandidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
biwandidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
biwandidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
biwandidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
biwandidē (active indicative singular third-person)
biwandidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
biwandidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
biwandidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
biwandidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
biwandidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
biwandidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
biwandidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
biwandidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
biwandidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
biwandidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
biwandidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
biwandijandz (active participle present)
biwandidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *biwandijan

desctree

Old English: bewendan
Middle English: biwenden, bewenden
English: bewend

Old Frisian: *biwenda

⇒ Old Frisian: biwend m

Old Saxon: biwendian

Middle Low German: bewenden

German Low German: bewenden, bewennen

Old Dutch: *biwenden

Middle Dutch: bewenden

Dutch: bewenden

Old High German: biwenten

Middle High German: bewenden

German: bewenden

Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (biwandjan)

Causative of *biwindaną, equivalent to *bi- + *wandijaną.


faldōną

faldō (active first-person indicative singular)
faldǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
faldōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
faldōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
faldōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
faldō (active imperative second-person singular)
faldōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
faldōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
faldōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
faldō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
faldōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
faldōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
faldōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
faldōs (active dual first-person indicative)
faldōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
faldōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
faldōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
faldōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
faldōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
faldōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
faldōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
faldōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
faldōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
faldōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
faldōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
faldōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
faldōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
faldōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
faldōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
faldōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
faldōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
faldōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
faldōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
faldōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
faldōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
faldōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
faldōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
faldōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
faldōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
faldōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
faldōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
faldōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
faldōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
faldōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
faldōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
faldōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
faldōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
faldōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
faldōndz (active participle present)
faldōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)
*falþōną (alternative)

Proto-West Germanic: *faldōn, *falþōn
Old English: *fealdian
Middle English: falden, folden (merged with descendant of Proto-West Germanic *falþan)
English: fold
Scots: fald, fauld
⇒ Old English: befealdian
Old Frisian: *faldia
Saterland Frisian: fooldje
West Frisian: fâldzje
Old Saxon: *faldōn
Middle Low German: valden, vōlden (merged with descendant of Proto-West Germanic *falþan)
German Low German: folden, follen, folen
Old Dutch: *faldon
Middle Dutch: vouden (merged with descendant of Proto-West Germanic *falþan)
Dutch: vouwen
Old High German: faltōn, faldōn
Middle High German: valten (merged with descendant of Proto-West Germanic *falþan)
German: falten

Old Norse: falda

Icelandic: falda

Faroese: falda

Norwegian Nynorsk: falda, falde

Danish: folde

→ Norwegian Bokmål: folde

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: folde

From Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to fold”), equivalent to *faldaz + *-ōną.


hlaiwijaną

hlaiwijō (active first-person indicative singular)
hlaiwijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hlaiwijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hlaiwīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
hlaiwijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hlaiwī (active imperative second-person singular)
hlaiwijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hlaiwijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hlaiwīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hlaiwijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hlaiwijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hlaiwijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hlaiwijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hlaiwijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hlaiwijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hlaiwijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hlaiwijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hlaiwijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hlaiwijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hlaiwijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hlaiwijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hlaiwijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hlaiwīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hlaiwijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hlaiwīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hlaiwijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hlaiwijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hlaiwijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hlaiwijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hlaiwijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hlaiwijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hlaiwijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hlaiwidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hlaiwidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hlaiwidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hlaiwidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hlaiwidē (active indicative singular third-person)
hlaiwidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hlaiwidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hlaiwidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hlaiwidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hlaiwidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hlaiwidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hlaiwidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hlaiwidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hlaiwidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hlaiwidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hlaiwidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hlaiwijandz (active participle present)
hlaiwidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desc

Proto-Norse: *ᚺᛚᚨᛁᚹᛁᛃᚨᚾ (*hlaiwijan) (two finite forms attested)

From *hlaiwą (“grave, tomb”) + *-janą (factitive or denominative verbal suffix).


ana handų ganganą

Old English: on hand gān

desctree

Old Norse: ganga á hǫnd
Icelandic: ganga á hönd

From *ana + *handuz + *gāną ~ *ganganą, literally “to go onto [someone's] hand” (= "hands").

(idiomatic) to surrender or give oneself up


þrōwōną

þrōwō (active first-person indicative singular)
þrōwǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þrōwōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
þrōwōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
þrōwōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þrōwō (active imperative second-person singular)
þrōwōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
þrōwōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
þrōwōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
þrōwō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þrōwōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
þrōwōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
þrōwōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
þrōwōs (active dual first-person indicative)
þrōwōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þrōwōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þrōwōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þrōwōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
þrōwōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
þrōwōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þrōwōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
þrōwōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
þrōwōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
þrōwōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þrōwōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
þrōwōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
þrōwōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
þrōwōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
þrōwōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þrōwōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
þrōwōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
þrōwōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
þrōwōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
þrōwōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þrōwōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
þrōwōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þrōwōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
þrōwōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þrōwōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
þrōwōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þrōwōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þrōwōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þrōwōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
þrōwōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þrōwōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
þrōwōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þrōwōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
þrōwōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þrōwōndz (active participle present)
þrōwōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: þróa

Icelandic: þróa