bremaną

bremō (active first-person indicative singular)
bremaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
bremai (first-person indicative passive singular)
brimizi (active indicative second-person singular)
bremaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
brem (active imperative second-person singular)
bremazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
bremaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
brimidi (active indicative singular third-person)
bremai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
bremadau (active imperative singular third-person)
bremadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
bremaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
bremōz (active dual first-person indicative)
bremaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
bremadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
bremaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
bremadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
bremamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
bremaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
bremandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
bremaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
brimid (active indicative plural second-person)
bremaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
brimid (active imperative plural second-person)
bremandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
bremaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
bremandi (active indicative plural third-person)
bremain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
bremandau (active imperative plural third-person)
bremandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
bremaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
bram (active first-person indicative singular)
brēmį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
bramt (active indicative second-person singular)
brēmīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
bram (active indicative singular third-person)
brēmī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
brēmū (active dual first-person indicative)
brēmīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
brēmudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
brēmīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
brēmum (active first-person indicative plural)
brēmīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
brēmud (active indicative plural second-person)
brēmīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
brēmun (active indicative plural third-person)
brēmīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
bremandz (active participle present)
brumanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *breman
Old Dutch: *breman
Middle Dutch: brēmen
Old High German: *breman
Middle High German: bremen
⇒ Old High German: brema (noun)
Middle High German: breme
Alemannic German: Brämme
German: Breme (archaic)
→ Galician: bremar

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰrem- (“to make noise”), an onomatopoeic root.


daupijaną

daupijō (active first-person indicative singular)
daupijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
daupijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
daupīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
daupijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
daupī (active imperative second-person singular)
daupijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
daupijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
daupīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
daupijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
daupijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
daupijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
daupijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
daupijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
daupijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
daupijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
daupijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
daupijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
daupijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
daupijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
daupijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
daupijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
daupīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
daupijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
daupīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
daupijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
daupijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
daupijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
daupijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
daupijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
daupijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
daupijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
daupidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
daupidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
daupidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
daupidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
daupidē (active indicative singular third-person)
daupidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
daupidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
daupidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
daupidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
daupidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
daupidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
daupidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
daupidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
daupidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
daupidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
daupidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
daupijandz (active participle present)
daupidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *daupijan
Old English: dīepan
Middle English: depen
Scots: depe
Old Frisian: dēpa
Old Saxon: dōpian
Middle Low German: dȫpen
Low German: döpen
→ Saterland Frisian: dööpe
Old Dutch: dōpen
Middle Dutch: dôpen
Dutch: dopen
Afrikaans: doop
Limburgish: duipe, deupe
Old High German: toufen; (Central German) *doufen
Middle High German: toufen, töufen, döufen
Central Franconian: däufe, dööfe, deefe, dääfe, daafe
Hunsrik: daafe
Luxembourgish: deefen
German: taufen

Old Norse: deypa

Faroese: doypa

Norwegian Nynorsk: døype

Old Swedish: dø̄pa

Swedish: döpa

Danish: døbe

Norwegian Bokmål: døpe

Gothic: 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍀𐌾𐌰𐌽 (daupjan)

Causative from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewb-, from which also *deupaz (“deep”).


wanatōną

wanatō (active first-person indicative singular)
wanatǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wanatōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
wanatōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wanatōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wanatō (active imperative second-person singular)
wanatōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wanatōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wanatōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wanatō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wanatōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wanatōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wanatōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wanatōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wanatōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wanatōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wanatōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wanatōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wanatōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wanatōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wanatōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wanatōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wanatōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wanatōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wanatōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wanatōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wanatōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wanatōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wanatōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wanatōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wanatōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wanatōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wanatōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wanatōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wanatōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wanatōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wanatōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
wanatōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wanatōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wanatōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wanatōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wanatōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wanatōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wanatōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wanatōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wanatōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wanatōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wanatōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wanatōndz (active participle present)
wanatōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: vanta
Icelandic: vanta
Faroese: vanta
Norwegian Nynorsk: vanta, vante
Norwegian Bokmål: vante
Old Swedish: vanta
Old Danish: vante
Danish: vante
→ Middle English: wanten
English: want
Scots: want, wint, wunt
Yola: waant


spreutaną

spreutō (active first-person indicative singular)
spreutaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
spreutai (first-person indicative passive singular)
spriutizi (active indicative second-person singular)
spreutaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
spreut (active imperative second-person singular)
spreutazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
spreutaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
spriutidi (active indicative singular third-person)
spreutai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
spreutadau (active imperative singular third-person)
spreutadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
spreutaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
spreutōz (active dual first-person indicative)
spreutaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
spreutadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
spreutaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
spreutadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
spreutamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
spreutaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
spreutandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
spreutaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
spriutid (active indicative plural second-person)
spreutaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
spriutid (active imperative plural second-person)
spreutandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
spreutaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
spreutandi (active indicative plural third-person)
spreutain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
spreutandau (active imperative plural third-person)
spreutandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
spreutaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
spraut (active first-person indicative singular)
sprutį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
spraust (active indicative second-person singular)
sprutīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
spraut (active indicative singular third-person)
sprutī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sprutū (active dual first-person indicative)
sprutīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sprutudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sprutīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sprutum (active first-person indicative plural)
sprutīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sprutud (active indicative plural second-person)
sprutīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sprutun (active indicative plural third-person)
sprutīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
spreutandz (active participle present)
sprutanaz (active participle past subjunctive)
*sprūtaną (alternative)

Proto-West Germanic: *spreutan
Old English: *sprēotan, sprūtan
Middle English: spruten, sprouten
English: sprout
Scots: sproot, spruit
⇒ Old English: āsprēotan
⇒ Old English: ġeondsprēot
Old Frisian: sprūta
Saterland Frisian: sprute, spruutje
West Frisian: sprûte
Old Saxon: *spriotan, *sprūtan
Middle Low German: sprêten, sprûten
German Low German: spruten
⇒ Old Saxon: ūtsprūtan
Middle Low German: ûtsprûten
German Low German: utspruten
Old Dutch: *sprūtan
Middle Dutch: spruten
Dutch: spruiten
Afrikaans: spruit
→ Papiamentu: sprùit, spreit, spruit
Old High German: *spriozan, *sprūzan
Middle High German: spriezen, sprūzen
German: sprießen
Luxembourgish: spréissen

Old Norse: *sprúta

Norwegian Bokmål: sprute

Norwegian Nynorsk: sprute, spruta

Swedish: spruta

Icelandic: sprauta, spretta

From Pre-Germanic *sprewd-, but also possibly back-formed from the iterative, from Proto-Indo-European *sper- (“to strew”), extended form *sprewd-. Related to Lithuanian sprausti (“to thrust”), Ancient Greek σπείρω (speírō, “I sow”).


uzbīdaną

uzbīdō (active first-person indicative singular)
uzbīdaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzbīdai (first-person indicative passive singular)
uzbīdizi (active indicative second-person singular)
uzbīdaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzbīd (active imperative second-person singular)
uzbīdazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
uzbīdaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
uzbīdidi (active indicative singular third-person)
uzbīdai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzbīdadau (active imperative singular third-person)
uzbīdadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
uzbīdaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
uzbīdōz (active dual first-person indicative)
uzbīdaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzbīdadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzbīdaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzbīdadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
uzbīdamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
uzbīdaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzbīdandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
uzbīdaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
uzbīdid (active indicative plural second-person)
uzbīdaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzbīdid (active imperative plural second-person)
uzbīdandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
uzbīdaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
uzbīdandi (active indicative plural third-person)
uzbīdain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzbīdandau (active imperative plural third-person)
uzbīdandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
uzbīdaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
uzbaid (active first-person indicative singular)
uzbidį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzbaist (active indicative second-person singular)
uzbidīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzbaid (active indicative singular third-person)
uzbidī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzbidū (active dual first-person indicative)
uzbidīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzbidudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzbidīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzbidum (active first-person indicative plural)
uzbidīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzbidud (active indicative plural second-person)
uzbidīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzbidun (active indicative plural third-person)
uzbidīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzbīdandz (active participle present)
uzbidanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *uʀbīdan
Old English: ābīdan
Middle English: abyden, abiden
English: abide
Scots: abyde, abide
Old High German: irbītan
Middle High German: irbīten, erbīten

Gothic: 𐌿𐍃𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌽 (usbeidan)


rudāną

rudō (active first-person indicative singular)
rudaisi (active indicative second-person singular)
rudai (active imperative second-person singular)
rudāsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
rudaiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
rudāþau (active imperative singular third-person)
rudāþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
rudōs (active dual first-person indicative)
rudāþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
rudāþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
rudāmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
rudānþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
rudaiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
rudaiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
rudānþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
rudānþi (active indicative plural third-person)
rudānþau (active imperative plural third-person)
rudānþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
rudadǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
rudadēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
rudadēz (active indicative second-person singular)
rudadēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
rudadē (active indicative singular third-person)
rudadēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
rudadēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
rudadēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
rudadēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
rudadēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
rudadēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
rudadēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
rudadēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
rudadēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
rudadēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
rudadēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
rudāndz (active participle present)
rudadaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *rodēn, *rudēn
Old English: rudian
Middle English: ruden, rudden
English: rud
Old Saxon: *rodōn
Middle Low German: rȫden, rȫten
Old Dutch: *rodon
Middle Dutch: rōden
Dutch: roden
Old High German: rotēn
Middle High German: roten
German: röten

Old Norse: roða

Faroese: roða

Icelandic: roða

Norwegian: roda, rode

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰéh₁ti, from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”) (from which also *raudaz).


hinderōną

hinderō (active first-person indicative singular)
hinderǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hinderōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
hinderōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
hinderōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hinderō (active imperative second-person singular)
hinderōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hinderōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hinderōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hinderō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hinderōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hinderōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hinderōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hinderōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hinderōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hinderōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hinderōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hinderōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hinderōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hinderōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hinderōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hinderōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hinderōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hinderōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hinderōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hinderōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hinderōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hinderōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hinderōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hinderōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hinderōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hinderōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hinderōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hinderōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hinderōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hinderōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hinderōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
hinderōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hinderōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hinderōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hinderōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hinderōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hinderōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hinderōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hinderōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hinderōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hinderōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hinderōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hinderōndz (active participle present)
hinderōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *hindarōn
Old English: hindrian
Middle English: hindren
Scots: hinder, hynder
English: hinder
Old Frisian: hinderia
Saterland Frisian: hinderje
West Frisian: hinderje
Old Saxon: *hindaron
Middle Low German: hinderen
Plautdietsch: behindren, vehindren
Old Dutch: *hinderon
Middle Dutch: hinderen
Dutch: hinderen
Afrikaans: hinder
Old High German: hintarōn, hinderōn
Middle High German: hindern
German: hindern, behindern
Luxembourgish: hënneren, behënneren

Old Norse: hindra

Icelandic: hindra

Faroese: hindra

Norwegian: hindre

Old Swedish: hindra

Swedish: hindra

Danish: hindre

Gutnish: hindre


smeltaną

smeltō (active first-person indicative singular)
smeltaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
smeltai (first-person indicative passive singular)
smiltizi (active indicative second-person singular)
smeltaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
smelt (active imperative second-person singular)
smeltazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
smeltaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
smiltidi (active indicative singular third-person)
smeltai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
smeltadau (active imperative singular third-person)
smeltadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
smeltaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
smeltōz (active dual first-person indicative)
smeltaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
smeltadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
smeltaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
smeltadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
smeltamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
smeltaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
smeltandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
smeltaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
smiltid (active indicative plural second-person)
smeltaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
smiltid (active imperative plural second-person)
smeltandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
smeltaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
smeltandi (active indicative plural third-person)
smeltain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
smeltandau (active imperative plural third-person)
smeltandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
smeltaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
smalt (active first-person indicative singular)
smultį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
smalst (active indicative second-person singular)
smultīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
smalt (active indicative singular third-person)
smultī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
smultū (active dual first-person indicative)
smultīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
smultudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
smultīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
smultum (active first-person indicative plural)
smultīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
smultud (active indicative plural second-person)
smultīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
smultun (active indicative plural third-person)
smultīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
smeltandz (active participle present)
smultanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *smeltan
Old English: *smeltan
⇒ Old English: smelting
Old Frisian: *smelta
Saterland Frisian: smilte
West Frisian: smelte
Old Saxon: smeltan
Middle Low German: smelten
Low German: smölten
Old Dutch: *smeltan
Middle Dutch: smelten
Dutch: smelten
Afrikaans: smelt
Berbice Creole Dutch: smelti
Negerhollands: smelt
→ English: smelt
Limburgish: smöltje
Old High German: smelzan
Middle High German: smelzen
German: schmelzen
Luxembourgish: schmëlzen

Old Norse: smelta; smolt; smeltr

Icelandic: smelta

Norwegian: smelta

Norwegian Bokmål: smelte

Norwegian Nynorsk: smelta

Old Swedish: smælta

Swedish: smälta

Old Danish: smæltæ

Danish: smelte

Gutnish: smälta

Dalian: smälta

Elfdalian: smelta

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)meld- (“to melt, smelt”). Compare Ancient Greek μέλδομαι (méldomai, “to melt”).


wadjōną

wadjō (active first-person indicative singular)
wadjǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wadjōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
wadjōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wadjōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wadjō (active imperative second-person singular)
wadjōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wadjōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wadjōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wadjō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wadjōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wadjōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wadjōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wadjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wadjōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wadjōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wadjōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wadjōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wadjōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wadjōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wadjōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wadjōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wadjōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wadjōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wadjōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wadjōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wadjōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wadjōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wadjōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wadjōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wadjōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wadjōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wadjōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wadjōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wadjōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wadjōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wadjōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
wadjōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wadjōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wadjōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wadjōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wadjōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wadjōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wadjōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wadjōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wadjōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wadjōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wadjōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wadjōndz (active participle present)
wadjōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *waddjōn
Old English: weddian
Middle English: wedden
Scots: wed, wod, wad
English: wed
Old Frisian: weddia
Saterland Frisian: wädje
West Frisian: wedzje
Old Saxon: *weddōn
Middle Low German: wedden
Low German: wedden
Dutch Low Saxon: wedden
Old Dutch: *weddon
Middle Dutch: wedden
Dutch: wedden
Afrikaans: wed
Old High German: wettōn
Middle High German: wetten
Cimbrian: béttan
German: wetten
Luxembourgish: wetten
→ Old French: waigier, guagier, gagier
Middle French: gager
French: gager
→ Middle English: wagen; gagen
English: wage; gage

Old Norse: veðja

Icelandic: veðja

Norwegian Nynorsk: vedda

Old Swedish: væþia

Swedish: vädja

Old Danish: wædhæ

Danish: vædde

Norwegian Bokmål: vedde

⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌾𐍉𐌽 (gawadjōn)

/ˈwɑð.jɔː.nɑ̃/


haunijaną

haunijō (active first-person indicative singular)
haunijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
haunijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
haunīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
haunijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
haunī (active imperative second-person singular)
haunijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
haunijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
haunīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
haunijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
haunijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
haunijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
haunijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
haunijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
haunijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
haunijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
haunijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
haunijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
haunijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
haunijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
haunijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
haunijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
haunīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
haunijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
haunīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
haunijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
haunijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
haunijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
haunijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
haunijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
haunijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
haunijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
haunidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
haunidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
haunidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
haunidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
haunidē (active indicative singular third-person)
haunidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
haunidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
haunidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
haunidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
haunidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
haunidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
haunidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
haunidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
haunidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
haunidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
haunidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
haunijandz (active participle present)
haunidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *haunijan
Old English: hīenan
Middle English: henen
English: hean
Old Frisian: hēna
West Frisian: huynjen
Old Saxon: hōnian
Middle Low German: hônen, hönen
German Low German: höhnen
Old Dutch: *hōnen
Middle Dutch: hônen
Dutch: honen
Afrikaans: hoon
Old High German: *hōnen
Middle High German: hōnen
German: höhnen
→ Vulgar Latin: *haunīre (see there for further descendants)

Norwegian: håna, håne

Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (haunjan)

From *hauniz (“despised, poor, miserable”) + *-janą.


likkōną

likkō (active first-person indicative singular)
likkǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
likkōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
likkōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
likkōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
likkō (active imperative second-person singular)
likkōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
likkōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
likkōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
likkō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
likkōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
likkōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
likkōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
likkōs (active dual first-person indicative)
likkōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
likkōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
likkōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
likkōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
likkōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
likkōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
likkōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
likkōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
likkōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
likkōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
likkōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
likkōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
likkōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
likkōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
likkōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
likkōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
likkōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
likkōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
likkōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
likkōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
likkōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
likkōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
likkōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
likkōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
likkōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
likkōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
likkōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
likkōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
likkōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
likkōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
likkōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
likkōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
likkōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
likkōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
likkōndz (active participle present)
likkōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *likkōn
Old English: liccian
Middle English: likken, licken
Scots: lik
English: lick
Old Frisian: *likkia, *likja
Saterland Frisian: likje
West Frisian: likke
Old Saxon: likkōn, lekkōn
Middle Low German: licken, lecken
Low German: licken
→ Danish: likke
Old Dutch: leccon
Middle Dutch: lecken
Dutch: likken
Limburgish: lekke
Old High German: leccōn, lechhōn, lechōn
Middle High German: lëcken
German: lecken
Hunsrik: lecke
Luxembourgish: lecken
Vilamovian: łakia
Yiddish: לעקן (lekn)
→? Old French: lekier, lescher, lechier, lecher
Middle French: lécher
French: lécher
→ Middle English: lechen
English: lech
→? Occitan: lecar, lechar
→? Italian: leccare

From Pre-Germanic *liǵʰnéh₂-, from Proto-Indo-European *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”). Cognate with Latin lingō (“lick”, verb).


putōną

putō (active first-person indicative singular)
putǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
putōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
putōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
putōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
putō (active imperative second-person singular)
putōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
putōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
putōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
putō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
putōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
putōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
putōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
putōs (active dual first-person indicative)
putōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
putōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
putōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
putōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
putōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
putōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
putōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
putōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
putōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
putōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
putōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
putōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
putōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
putōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
putōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
putōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
putōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
putōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
putōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
putōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
putōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
putōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
putōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
putōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
putōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
putōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
putōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
putōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
putōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
putōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
putōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
putōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
putōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
putōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
putōndz (active participle present)
putōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *putōn
Old English: *putian, potian; pȳtan (?)
Middle English: puten, putten, poten
Scots: put, putt, pit; powter, pouter, pudder
English: put, pote, putt; putter, potter
Old Frisian: *potia
West Frisian: poatsje
Old Saxon: *potōn
Middle Low German: pōten, potten
German Low German: pötern
Old Dutch: *potōn
Middle Dutch: pōten
Dutch: poten
⇒ Middle Dutch: pōteren
Dutch: peuteren
Old High German: *pozzōn
Middle High German: pozzen

Old Norse: pota

Icelandic: pota

Norwegian: pota, pote; putte

Swedish: putta, potta, pötta; påta

Danish: putte

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bud- (“to shoot, sprout”); if so, then possibly cognate with Sanskrit बुन्द (bundá, “arrow”), Lithuanian budė, budis (“mushroom, fungus”). However, there are two problems with this theory:
* The phoneme *b is either rare or non-existent in Proto-Indo-European.
* A Proto-Indo-European root normally does not contain two voiced stops.


skaþōną

skaþō (active first-person indicative singular)
skaþǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skaþōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
skaþōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
skaþōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skaþō (active imperative second-person singular)
skaþōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
skaþōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
skaþōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
skaþō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skaþōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
skaþōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
skaþōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
skaþōs (active dual first-person indicative)
skaþōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skaþōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skaþōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skaþōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
skaþōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
skaþōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skaþōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
skaþōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
skaþōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
skaþōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skaþōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
skaþōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
skaþōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
skaþōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
skaþōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skaþōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
skaþōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
skaþōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
skaþōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
skaþōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skaþōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
skaþōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skaþōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
skaþōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skaþōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
skaþōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skaþōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skaþōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skaþōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
skaþōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skaþōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
skaþōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skaþōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
skaþōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skaþōndz (active participle present)
skaþōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *skaþōn
Old English: sċeaþian
Middle English: schathen, skathen
Scots: scathe, skaith
English: scathe
Old Frisian: skathia
Saterland Frisian: schoadje
West Frisian: skeadzje
Old Saxon: skathōn
Middle Low German: schāden
Low German: schaden
Old Dutch: scathōn
Middle Dutch: schāden
Dutch: schaden
Afrikaans: skaad
Old High German: skadōn, scadōn
Middle High German: schaden
Alemannic German: schade
German: schaden
Luxembourgish: schueden

Old Norse: skaða

Icelandic: skaða

Faroese: skaða

Norwegian: skade, skada

Old Swedish: skaþa

Swedish: skada

Old Danish: skathæ

Danish: skade

→ Middle English: scathen

English: scathe

Scots: scaith, skaith, schaith, scathe

/ˈskɑ.θɔː.nɑ̃/

From *skaþô (“injury, harm, damage”) + *-ōną.


uzrēdaną

uzrēdō (active first-person indicative singular)
uzrēdaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzrēdai (first-person indicative passive singular)
uzrēdizi (active indicative second-person singular)
uzrēdaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzrēd (active imperative second-person singular)
uzrēdazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
uzrēdaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
uzrēdidi (active indicative singular third-person)
uzrēdai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzrēdadau (active imperative singular third-person)
uzrēdadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
uzrēdaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
uzrēdōz (active dual first-person indicative)
uzrēdaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzrēdadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzrēdaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzrēdadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
uzrēdamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
uzrēdaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzrēdandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
uzrēdaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
uzrēdid (active indicative plural second-person)
uzrēdaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzrēdid (active imperative plural second-person)
uzrēdandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
uzrēdaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
uzrēdandi (active indicative plural third-person)
uzrēdain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzrēdandau (active imperative plural third-person)
uzrēdandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
uzrēdaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
uzrerōd (active first-person indicative singular)
uzrerōdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzrerōst (active indicative second-person singular)
uzrerōdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzrerōd (active indicative singular third-person)
uzrerōdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzrerōdū (active dual first-person indicative)
uzrerōdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzrerōdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzrerōdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzrerōdum (active first-person indicative plural)
uzrerōdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzrerōdud (active indicative plural second-person)
uzrerōdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzrerōdun (active indicative plural third-person)
uzrerōdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzrēdandz (active participle present)
uzrēdanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *uʀrādan

Old English: ārǣdan

Middle English: areden

English: aread, arread

desc

Old High German: urrātan, arrātan, irrātan

Middle High German: erraten

German: erraten

Luxembourgish: erroden

Gothic: *usrēdan > 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌴𐌳𐌰𐌽 (urrēdan)

/ˌuzˈrɛː.ðɑ.nɑ̃/


uzrīsaną

uzrīsō (active first-person indicative singular)
uzrīsaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzrīsai (first-person indicative passive singular)
uzrīsizi (active indicative second-person singular)
uzrīsaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzrīs (active imperative second-person singular)
uzrīsazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
uzrīsaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
uzrīsidi (active indicative singular third-person)
uzrīsai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzrīsadau (active imperative singular third-person)
uzrīsadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
uzrīsaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
uzrīsōz (active dual first-person indicative)
uzrīsaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzrīsadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzrīsaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzrīsadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
uzrīsamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
uzrīsaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzrīsandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
uzrīsaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
uzrīsid (active indicative plural second-person)
uzrīsaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzrīsid (active imperative plural second-person)
uzrīsandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
uzrīsaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
uzrīsandi (active indicative plural third-person)
uzrīsain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzrīsandau (active imperative plural third-person)
uzrīsandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
uzrīsaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
uzrais (active first-person indicative singular)
uzrizį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzraist (active indicative second-person singular)
uzrizīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzrais (active indicative singular third-person)
uzrizī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzrizū (active dual first-person indicative)
uzrizīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzrizudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzrizīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzrizum (active first-person indicative plural)
uzrizīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzrizud (active indicative plural second-person)
uzrizīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzrizun (active indicative plural third-person)
uzrizīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzrīsandz (active participle present)
uzrizanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *uʀrīsan
Old English: ārīsan
Middle English: arisen
Scots: arise, aryse
English: arise
Old Saxon: *arīsan
Middle Low German: errīsen
Old Dutch: *irrīsan
Middle Dutch: errisen
Old High German: irrīsan, arrīsan

Gothic: 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽 (urreisan)


skelbaną

skelbō (active first-person indicative singular)
skelbaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skelbai (first-person indicative passive singular)
skilbizi (active indicative second-person singular)
skelbaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skelb (active imperative second-person singular)
skelbazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
skelbaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
skilbidi (active indicative singular third-person)
skelbai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skelbadau (active imperative singular third-person)
skelbadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
skelbaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
skelbōz (active dual first-person indicative)
skelbaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skelbadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skelbaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skelbadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
skelbamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
skelbaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skelbandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
skelbaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
skilbid (active indicative plural second-person)
skelbaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skilbid (active imperative plural second-person)
skelbandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
skelbaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
skelbandi (active indicative plural third-person)
skelbain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skelbandau (active imperative plural third-person)
skelbandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
skelbaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
skalb (active first-person indicative singular)
skulbį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skalft (active indicative second-person singular)
skulbīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skalb (active indicative singular third-person)
skulbī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skulbū (active dual first-person indicative)
skulbīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skulbudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skulbīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skulbum (active first-person indicative plural)
skulbīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skulbud (active indicative plural second-person)
skulbīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skulbun (active indicative plural third-person)
skulbīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skelbandz (active participle present)
skulbanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *skelban
Old English: sċelfan

Old Norse: skjalfa
Icelandic: skjálfa
Faroese: skjálva, skelva
Norwegian Nynorsk: skjelva; (dialectal) skjæve, skjølve
Elfdalian: stjåva
Old Swedish: skiælva
Swedish: skälva
Danish: skælve
Norwegian Bokmål: skjelve

Unknown. Orel considers *skelfō (“shelf, cliff”) as related, though the semantics are dubious.


aglijaną

aglijō (active first-person indicative singular)
aglijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
aglijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
aglīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
aglijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
aglī (active imperative second-person singular)
aglijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
aglijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
aglīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
aglijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
aglijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
aglijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
aglijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
aglijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
aglijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
aglijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
aglijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
aglijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
aglijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
aglijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
aglijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
aglijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
aglīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
aglijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
aglīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
aglijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
aglijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
aglijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
aglijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
aglijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
aglijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
aglijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
aglidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
aglidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
aglidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
aglidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
aglidē (active indicative singular third-person)
aglidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
aglidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
aglidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
aglidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
aglidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
aglidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
aglidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
aglidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
aglidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
aglidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
aglidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
aglijandz (active participle present)
aglidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *aglijan
Old English: eġlan, eġlian, elan
Middle English: eilen, eilien, alen
English: ail
Scots: ail
Yola: teil
>? Old Saxon: *eglan
Middle Low German: egelen, echelen, ekelen, eichelen
Low German: aicheln
→ German: ekeln
→ Luxembourgish: eekelen

Old Norse: *egla

Norwegian: egla

Gothic: 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (agljan)

From *aglaz (“painful”) or *agluz (“difficult”) + *-janą.


uzlagjaną

uzlagjō (active first-person indicative singular)
uzlagjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzlagjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
uzlagisi (active indicative second-person singular)
uzlagjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzlagi (active imperative second-person singular)
uzlagjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
uzlagjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
uzlagiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
uzlagjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzlagjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
uzlagjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
uzlagjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
uzlagjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
uzlagjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzlagjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzlagjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzlagjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
uzlagjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
uzlagjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzlagjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
uzlagjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
uzlagiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
uzlagjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzlagiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
uzlagjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
uzlagjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
uzlagjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
uzlagjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzlagjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
uzlagjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
uzlagjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
uzlagidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
uzlagidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzlagidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
uzlagidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzlagidē (active indicative singular third-person)
uzlagidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzlagidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
uzlagidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzlagidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzlagidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzlagidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
uzlagidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzlagidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
uzlagidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzlagidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
uzlagidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzlagjandz (active participle present)
uzlagidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: āleċġan

Middle English: aleggen, aleyen, alayen

English: allay

Old High German: arleggen, irleccan

Middle High German: erleggen

German: erlegen

Luxembourgish: erleeën

Gothic: 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (uslagjan)


gaberaną

gaberō (active first-person indicative singular)
gaberaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gaberai (first-person indicative passive singular)
gabirizi (active indicative second-person singular)
gaberaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gaber (active imperative second-person singular)
gaberazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gaberaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gabiridi (active indicative singular third-person)
gaberai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gaberadau (active imperative singular third-person)
gaberadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gaberaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gaberōz (active dual first-person indicative)
gaberaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gaberadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gaberaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gaberadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gaberamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gaberaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gaberandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gaberaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gabirid (active indicative plural second-person)
gaberaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gabirid (active imperative plural second-person)
gaberandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gaberaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gaberandi (active indicative plural third-person)
gaberain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gaberandau (active imperative plural third-person)
gaberandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gaberaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gabar (active first-person indicative singular)
gabērį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gabart (active indicative second-person singular)
gabērīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gabar (active indicative singular third-person)
gabērī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gabērū (active dual first-person indicative)
gabērīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gabērudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gabērīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gabērum (active first-person indicative plural)
gabērīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gabērud (active indicative plural second-person)
gabērīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gabērun (active indicative plural third-person)
gabērīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gaberandz (active participle present)
gaburanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *gaberan
Old English: ġeberan
Middle English: ȝeberen, iberen
(Scots: bere, beir)
(English: bear)
Old Saxon: giberan
Middle Low German: gebēren
→ North Frisian: gebeure
→ Saterland Frisian: gebääre
Old High German: giberan
Middle High German: gebërn
German: gebären
Luxembourgish: gebären

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (gabairan)


marzijaną

marzijō (active first-person indicative singular)
marzijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
marzijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
marzīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
marzijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
marzī (active imperative second-person singular)
marzijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
marzijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
marzīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
marzijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
marzijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
marzijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
marzijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
marzijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
marzijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
marzijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
marzijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
marzijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
marzijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
marzijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
marzijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
marzijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
marzīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
marzijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
marzīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
marzijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
marzijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
marzijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
marzijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
marzijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
marzijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
marzijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
marzidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
marzidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
marzidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
marzidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
marzidē (active indicative singular third-person)
marzidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
marzidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
marzidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
marzidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
marzidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
marzidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
marzidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
marzidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
marzidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
marzidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
marzidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
marzijandz (active participle present)
marzidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *marʀijan
Old English: mierran, merran
Middle English: merren
Scots: mer, mar
English: mar
Old Frisian: mēra
Old Saxon: merrian
Middle Low German: merren
Old Dutch: *merren
Middle Dutch: merren
Old High German: marrjan, marran, merran, merren
Middle High German: merren
German: merren
→ Old French: marrir (see there for further descendants)

Old Norse: merja

Icelandic: merja

Faroese: merja

Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽 (marzjan)

→ Catalan: marrar

→ Galician: marrar

→ Spanish: marrar

Causative form of an unattested strong verb *mersaną, from Proto-Indo-European *mers- (“to annoy, disturb, neglect, forget, ignore”). Related to Hittite [script needed] (maršant-, “deceitful, false, duplicitous”), Lithuanian miršti (“to forget, lose, become oblivious, die”), Armenian մոռանալ (moṙanal, “to forget, fail”).


swartōną

swartō (active first-person indicative singular)
swartǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swartōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
swartōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
swartōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swartō (active imperative second-person singular)
swartōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
swartōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
swartōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
swartō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swartōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
swartōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
swartōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
swartōs (active dual first-person indicative)
swartōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swartōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swartōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swartōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
swartōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
swartōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swartōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
swartōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
swartōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
swartōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swartōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
swartōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
swartōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
swartōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
swartōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swartōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
swartōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
swartōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
swartōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
swartōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swartōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
swartōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swartōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
swartōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swartōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
swartōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swartōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swartōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swartōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
swartōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swartōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
swartōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swartōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
swartōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swartōndz (active participle present)
swartōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *swartōn
Old English: sweartian
Middle English: swarten
English: swart
Old Frisian: *swartia
West Frisian: swartsje
Old Saxon: *swartōn
Middle Low German: swarten
Old Dutch: *swarton
Middle Dutch: swarten
Dutch: zwarten

Old Norse: svarta

Icelandic: svarta


aunōną

aunō (active first-person indicative singular)
aunǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
aunōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
aunōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
aunōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
aunō (active imperative second-person singular)
aunōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
aunōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
aunōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
aunō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
aunōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
aunōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
aunōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
aunōs (active dual first-person indicative)
aunōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
aunōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
aunōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
aunōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
aunōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
aunōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
aunōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
aunōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
aunōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
aunōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
aunōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
aunōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
aunōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
aunōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
aunōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
aunōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
aunōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
aunōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
aunōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
aunōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
aunōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
aunōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
aunōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
aunōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
aunōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
aunōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
aunōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
aunōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
aunōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
aunōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
aunōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
aunōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
aunōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
aunōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
aunōndz (active participle present)
aunōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *aunōn
Old English: ēanian
Middle English: enen, einde, enyen, enyn
English: ean
Scots: eenie
Old Frisian: *ānia
⇒ Saterland Frisian: bejänne
West Frisian: eandsje, inje, (antsje?)
Old Saxon: *ōnon
Middle Low German: *ônen
→ North Frisian: oone (Hallig)
Old Dutch: *ōnon
Middle Dutch: *ônen
Dutch: onen (dialectal)

Proto-Norse:

Old Norse: *auna

Old Swedish: öna

Swedish: öna (dialectal, < *aunijaną?)

Gutnish: åina

/ˈɑu̯.nɔː.nɑ̃/

From earlier *ak(w)nōną, although influenced in form by *awiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷnós (“lamb”). Cognate with Latin agnus (“lamb”), Ancient Greek ἀμνός (amnós, “lamb”), Old Irish úan (“lamb”), Old Church Slavonic агнѧ (agnę, “lamb”).


wētijaną

wētijō (active first-person indicative singular)
wētijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wētijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
wētīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wētijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wētī (active imperative second-person singular)
wētijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wētijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wētīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wētijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wētijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wētijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wētijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wētijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wētijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wētijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wētijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wētijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wētijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wētijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wētijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wētijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wētīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wētijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wētīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wētijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wētijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wētijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wētijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wētijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wētijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wētijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wētidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wētidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wētidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wētidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wētidē (active indicative singular third-person)
wētidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wētidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wētidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wētidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wētidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wētidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wētidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wētidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wētidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wētidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wētidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wētijandz (active participle present)
wētidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *wātijan
Old English: wǣtan, wētan
Middle English: weten
English: wet
Scots: wete, weit
⇒ Middle English: wett, iwett, ywett (ppt)
English: wet
Scots: wat
Old Frisian: wēta

Old Norse: væta

Icelandic: væta

Faroese: væta

Norwegian: væte

Old Swedish: vǣta

Swedish: väta

Old Danish: wætæ

Danish: væde


seuþaną

seuþō (active first-person indicative singular)
seuþaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
seuþai (first-person indicative passive singular)
siuþizi (active indicative second-person singular)
seuþaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
seuþ (active imperative second-person singular)
seuþazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
seuþaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
siuþidi (active indicative singular third-person)
seuþai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
seuþadau (active imperative singular third-person)
seuþadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
seuþaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
seuþōz (active dual first-person indicative)
seuþaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
seuþadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
seuþaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
seuþadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
seuþamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
seuþaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
seuþandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
seuþaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
siuþid (active indicative plural second-person)
seuþaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
siuþid (active imperative plural second-person)
seuþandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
seuþaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
seuþandi (active indicative plural third-person)
seuþain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
seuþandau (active imperative plural third-person)
seuþandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
seuþaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
sauþ (active first-person indicative singular)
sudį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
saust (active indicative second-person singular)
sudīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sauþ (active indicative singular third-person)
sudī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sudū (active dual first-person indicative)
sudīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sududiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sudīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sudum (active first-person indicative plural)
sudīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sudud (active indicative plural second-person)
sudīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sudun (active indicative plural third-person)
sudīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
seuþandz (active participle present)
sudanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *seuþan
Old English: sēoþan
Middle English: sethen
Scots: seth, seith
English: seethe
Old Frisian: siāþa, siātha
Saterland Frisian: sjoode
West Frisian: sjiedden, siede
Old Saxon: *siothan
Middle Low German: sêden
Low German: seden
Old Dutch: *siethan
Middle Dutch: sieden
Dutch: zieden
Old High German: siodan
Middle High German: sieden
German: sieden
Bavarian: siadn
Luxembourgish: sueden

Old Norse: sjóða
Icelandic: sjóða
Norwegian: syde
Old Swedish: siūþa
Swedish: sjuda
Old Danish: siuthæ, sythæ
Danish: syde

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂sewt- (“to move about, roil, seethe”), perhaps a t-extension of *(h)sew- (“to burn”), for which see *swīþaną (“to burn, ache”) for more. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *šutiti (“to joke, jest”), Lithuanian siaũsti (“to play, rage”), Ancient Greek ἀϋτμή (aütmḗ, “breath, scent”).


fraberaną

fraberō (active first-person indicative singular)
fraberaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fraberai (first-person indicative passive singular)
frabirizi (active indicative second-person singular)
fraberaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fraber (active imperative second-person singular)
fraberazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
fraberaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
frabiridi (active indicative singular third-person)
fraberai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fraberadau (active imperative singular third-person)
fraberadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
fraberaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
fraberōz (active dual first-person indicative)
fraberaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fraberadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fraberaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fraberadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
fraberamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
fraberaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fraberandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
fraberaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
frabirid (active indicative plural second-person)
fraberaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
frabirid (active imperative plural second-person)
fraberandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
fraberaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
fraberandi (active indicative plural third-person)
fraberain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fraberandau (active imperative plural third-person)
fraberandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
fraberaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
frabar (active first-person indicative singular)
frabērį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
frabart (active indicative second-person singular)
frabērīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
frabar (active indicative singular third-person)
frabērī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
frabērū (active dual first-person indicative)
frabērīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
frabērudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
frabērīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
frabērum (active first-person indicative plural)
frabērīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
frabērud (active indicative plural second-person)
frabērīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
frabērun (active indicative plural third-person)
frabērīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fraberandz (active participle present)
fraburanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *fraberan
Old English: forberan
Middle English: forberen
English: forbear
Scots: forbere, forbeir
Old Frisian: forbera
⇒ Old Frisian: forbernisse
Old Saxon: *farberan
⇒ Middle Low German: vorbörnisse, vörbȫrnisse
Old Dutch: *farberan
⇒ Middle Dutch: verboornisse, verbeurnisse
Old High German: *farberan, *firberan, ferberan
Middle High German: verbërn
Cimbrian: vorbèeran

Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (frabairan)

From *fra- (“off, away (from), completely”) + *beraną (“to bear, carry”).

prefix

to hold back or keep away (from); restrain or refrain (oneself) from


skeubaną

skeubō (active first-person indicative singular)
skeubaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skeubai (first-person indicative passive singular)
skiubizi (active indicative second-person singular)
skeubaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skeub (active imperative second-person singular)
skeubazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
skeubaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
skiubidi (active indicative singular third-person)
skeubai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skeubadau (active imperative singular third-person)
skeubadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
skeubaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
skeubōz (active dual first-person indicative)
skeubaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skeubadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skeubaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skeubadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
skeubamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
skeubaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skeubandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
skeubaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
skiubid (active indicative plural second-person)
skeubaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skiubid (active imperative plural second-person)
skeubandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
skeubaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
skeubandi (active indicative plural third-person)
skeubain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skeubandau (active imperative plural third-person)
skeubandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
skeubaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
skaub (active first-person indicative singular)
skubį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skauft (active indicative second-person singular)
skubīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skaub (active indicative singular third-person)
skubī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skubū (active dual first-person indicative)
skubīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skubudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skubīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skubum (active first-person indicative plural)
skubīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skubud (active indicative plural second-person)
skubīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skubun (active indicative plural third-person)
skubīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skeubandz (active participle present)
skubanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *skeuban
Old English: sċēofan, sċūfan
Middle English: schouven, shoven
Scots: shuve
English: shove
(Old Frisian: *skiāva, *skiōua?), skūva
Saterland Frisian: schuuwe, skuuwe
(West Frisian: sjouwe?), skowe
(→ Dutch: sjouwen?)
(→ Low German: sjove?)
(→ Swedish: sjåa?)
Old Saxon: *skiovan, *skūvan
Middle Low German: schûven
Low German: schuven
→ Danish: skuffe
→ Swedish: skuffa
Old Dutch: *scūvan
Middle Dutch: schuven
Dutch: schuiven
Afrikaans: skuif, skuiwe
Limburgish: sjuve
Old High German: sciopan, scioban
Middle High German: schieben
Alemannic German: schiebe
German: schieben
→ Polish: szybować

Old Norse: *skjófa, skúfa

Icelandic: skúfa

Norwegian: skyva, skyve, skuva

→ Danish: skyve

Old Swedish: skiūva, skūva

Swedish: skjuva, skuva

Danish: skue

Gothic: *𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽 (*skiuban) (in 𐌰𐍆𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽 (afskiuban))

From Proto-Indo-European *skewbʰ-, *skūbʰ- (“to push, drive, move forward”), possibly metathesized from *ksewbʰ- (compare Sanskrit क्षुभ् (kṣubh, “to throw, shake, agitate”)). Cognate with Lithuanian skubė́ti (“to hurry, rush”), Polish skubać (“to pull quickly, pluck”).


artijaną

artijō (active first-person indicative singular)
artijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
artijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
artīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
artijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
artī (active imperative second-person singular)
artijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
artijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
artīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
artijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
artijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
artijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
artijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
artijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
artijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
artijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
artijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
artijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
artijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
artijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
artijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
artijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
artīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
artijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
artīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
artijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
artijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
artijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
artijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
artijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
artijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
artijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
artidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
artidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
artidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
artidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
artidē (active indicative singular third-person)
artidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
artidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
artidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
artidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
artidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
artidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
artidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
artidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
artidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
artidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
artidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
artijandz (active participle present)
artidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: erta

Icelandic: erta

Faroese: erta

Norwegian Nynorsk: erta

Old Swedish: ærta

Swedish: ärta

Danish: erte

Norwegian Bokmål: erte

→ Middle English: erten, ertin

English: ert

Scots: ert

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂erdi-, *h₂erd- (“sharp point, stinger”). Cognate with Old Irish aird (“point, ord, end point”), Ancient Greek ἄρδις (árdis, “arrowhead”).

to tease, taunt, grill, annoy, irritate, provoke


wōmatjaną

wōmatjō (active first-person indicative singular)
wōmatjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wōmatjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
wōmatisi (active indicative second-person singular)
wōmatjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wōmati (active imperative second-person singular)
wōmatjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wōmatjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wōmatiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wōmatjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wōmatjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wōmatjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wōmatjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wōmatjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wōmatjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wōmatjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wōmatjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wōmatjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wōmatjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wōmatjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wōmatjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wōmatjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wōmatiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wōmatjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wōmatiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wōmatjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wōmatjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wōmatjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wōmatjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wōmatjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wōmatjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wōmatjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wōmastǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wōmastēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wōmastēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wōmastēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wōmastē (active indicative singular third-person)
wōmastēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wōmastēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wōmastēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wōmastēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wōmastēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wōmastēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wōmastēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wōmastēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wōmastēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wōmastēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wōmastēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wōmatjandz (active participle present)
wōmatidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: œmta, œnta

Icelandic: æmta, ænta

Faroese: ønta, øna

Norwegian Nynorsk: ømta


hōlōną

hōlō (active first-person indicative singular)
hōlǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hōlōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
hōlōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
hōlōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hōlō (active imperative second-person singular)
hōlōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hōlōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hōlōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hōlō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hōlōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hōlōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hōlōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hōlōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hōlōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hōlōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hōlōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hōlōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hōlōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hōlōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hōlōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hōlōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hōlōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hōlōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hōlōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hōlōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hōlōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hōlōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hōlōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hōlōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hōlōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hōlōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hōlōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hōlōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hōlōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hōlōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hōlōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
hōlōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hōlōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hōlōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hōlōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hōlōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hōlōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hōlōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hōlōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hōlōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hōlōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hōlōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hōlōndz (active participle present)
hōlōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *hōlōn

Old English: hōlian

Middle English: holen

Gothic: 𐌷𐍉𐌻𐍉𐌽 (hōlōn)

/ˈxɔː.lɔː.nɑ̃/


hōlijaną

hōlijō (active first-person indicative singular)
hōlijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hōlijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hōlīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
hōlijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hōlī (active imperative second-person singular)
hōlijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hōlijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hōlīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hōlijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hōlijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hōlijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hōlijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hōlijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hōlijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hōlijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hōlijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hōlijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hōlijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hōlijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hōlijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hōlijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hōlīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hōlijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hōlīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hōlijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hōlijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hōlijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hōlijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hōlijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hōlijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hōlijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hōlidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hōlidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hōlidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hōlidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hōlidē (active indicative singular third-person)
hōlidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hōlidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hōlidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hōlidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hōlidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hōlidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hōlidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hōlidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hōlidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hōlidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hōlidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hōlijandz (active participle present)
hōlidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *hōlijan
Old English: hēlan
Old High German: huolen

Old Norse: hœla

Icelandic: hæla

Norwegian: høla (dialectal)

From *hōlą (“vain speech, flattery, slander”) + *-janą.


blētijaną

blētijō (active first-person indicative singular)
blētijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
blētijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
blētīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
blētijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
blētī (active imperative second-person singular)
blētijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
blētijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
blētīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
blētijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
blētijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
blētijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
blētijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
blētijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
blētijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
blētijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
blētijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
blētijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
blētijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
blētijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
blētijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
blētijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
blētīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
blētijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
blētīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
blētijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
blētijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
blētijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
blētijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
blētijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
blētijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
blētijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
blētidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
blētidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
blētidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
blētidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
blētidē (active indicative singular third-person)
blētidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
blētidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
blētidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
blētidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
blētidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
blētidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
blētidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
blētidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
blētidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
blētidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
blētidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
blētijandz (active participle present)
blētidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *blātijan
Old English: blǣtan
Middle English: bleten, blete, bleyte, blætenn (rare)
English: bleat
Scots: blete, bleit, blate, blait
⇒ Scots: blaitand (present participle)
→ English: blatant
Old Frisian: *blēta
Saterland Frisian: blēte, blētsje
West Frisian: bâlte, blêtsje, bletterje
Old Saxon: *blātian
Middle Low German: blêten
Low German: bleten
Old Dutch: *blāten
Middle Dutch: blâten, blêten
Dutch: blaten, bleiten
Old High German: blāzen, plāzen
Middle High German: blāzen
German: blaßen, blätzen, blässen

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁- (“to howl, cry, bleat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to make a loud noise”). Cognate with Latvian blēšana (“to bleat”), Russian бле́ять (bléjatʹ, “to bleat”), Latin fleō (“cry, weep”).


wrīhaną

wrīhō (active first-person indicative singular)
wrīhaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wrīhai (first-person indicative passive singular)
wrīhizi (active indicative second-person singular)
wrīhaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wrīh (active imperative second-person singular)
wrīhazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wrīhaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wrīhidi (active indicative singular third-person)
wrīhai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wrīhadau (active imperative singular third-person)
wrīhadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wrīhaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wrīhōz (active dual first-person indicative)
wrīhaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wrīhadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wrīhaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wrīhadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wrīhamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wrīhaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wrīhandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wrīhaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wrīhid (active indicative plural second-person)
wrīhaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wrīhid (active imperative plural second-person)
wrīhandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wrīhaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wrīhandi (active indicative plural third-person)
wrīhain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wrīhandau (active imperative plural third-person)
wrīhandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wrīhaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wraih (active first-person indicative singular)
wrigį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wraiht (active indicative second-person singular)
wrigīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wraih (active indicative singular third-person)
wrigī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wrigū (active dual first-person indicative)
wrigīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wrigudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wrigīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wrigum (active first-person indicative plural)
wrigīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wrigud (active indicative plural second-person)
wrigīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wrigun (active indicative plural third-person)
wrigīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wrīhandz (active participle present)
wriganaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *wrīhan, *wrīan, *wrīgan
Old English: wrēon (“to cover (up)”)
Middle English: wrihen, wreon, wrien, wryen
English: wry
Old Frisian: *wrīgia
West Frisian: riuwe (“to bind with twine; to constrict”)
⇒ Old Frisian: wreigenge (“bedcover, duvet”)
⇒ Old Frisian: wrichte (“battle-garment”)
Old Saxon: *wrīgan, *wrīan
Middle Low German: rîgen, rîen
German Low German:
Altmärkisch: rîn
Low Prussian: rêgen
Westphalian:
Bentheimisch: rîgen
Dortmundisch, Sauerländisch: riggen
Sauerländisch: reyjen (Wenden)
East Westphalian: rüijen, rüigen, röjjen (Lippe), ruijjen (Ravensberg)
Westmünsterländisch: rijen
Old Dutch: *rīgan, *rīan
Middle Dutch: rîen (“to bind with twine”), rijenn, rîgen
Dutch: rijgen
Limburgish: riege
Old High German: rīhan, *rīgan
Middle High German: rîhen, rîgen, rîhhen (“to pleat; to impale”)
German: reihen
Luxembourgish: reien

From Proto-Indo-European *wreyḱ- (“to twist, weave, bind”). Cognate with Latin rīca (“veil, toile”).