nutjōną

nutjō (active first-person indicative singular)
nutjǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
nutjōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
nutjōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
nutjōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
nutjō (active imperative second-person singular)
nutjōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
nutjōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
nutjōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
nutjō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
nutjōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
nutjōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
nutjōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
nutjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
nutjōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
nutjōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
nutjōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
nutjōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
nutjōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
nutjōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
nutjōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
nutjōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
nutjōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
nutjōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
nutjōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
nutjōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
nutjōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
nutjōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
nutjōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
nutjōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
nutjōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
nutjōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
nutjōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
nutjōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
nutjōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
nutjōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
nutjōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
nutjōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
nutjōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
nutjōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
nutjōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
nutjōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
nutjōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
nutjōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
nutjōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
nutjōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
nutjōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
nutjōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
nutjōndz (active participle present)
nutjōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *nuttjōn

Old English: nyttian

Middle English: nutten, nitten

(Old Saxon: *nuttiōn?)

(Middle Low German: nutten, nütten?)

Old High German: nuzzōn

Middle High German: nutzen, nützen

Cimbrian: nützan

German: nutzen, nützen

Yiddish: ניצן (nitsn)

Old Norse: nytja

Icelandic: nytja

(Faroese: nytta)

Old Swedish: nytia

Swedish: nyttja


nōmijaną

nōmijō (active first-person indicative singular)
nōmijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
nōmijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
nōmīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
nōmijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
nōmī (active imperative second-person singular)
nōmijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
nōmijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
nōmīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
nōmijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
nōmijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
nōmijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
nōmijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
nōmijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
nōmijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
nōmijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
nōmijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
nōmijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
nōmijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
nōmijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
nōmijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
nōmijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
nōmīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
nōmijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
nōmīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
nōmijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
nōmijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
nōmijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
nōmijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
nōmijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
nōmijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
nōmijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
nōmidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
nōmidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
nōmidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
nōmidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
nōmidē (active indicative singular third-person)
nōmidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
nōmidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
nōmidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
nōmidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
nōmidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
nōmidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
nōmidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
nōmidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
nōmidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
nōmidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
nōmidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
nōmijandz (active participle present)
nōmidaz (active participle past subjunctive)
*nōmnijaną (alternative)

Old Frisian: nōmia

Old Saxon: *nōmian

desc

Middle Low German: nȫmen, noemen, noumen, neumen, nuͤmen

German Low German: nömen (benömen)

Old Dutch: *nuomen, *nōmen

Middle Dutch: nōmen, noemen

Dutch: noemen

Afrikaans: noem

Limburgish: neume

Old High German: *nuomen

Middle High German: nuomen, nüemen (benuomen, benüemen)

Central Franconian: nööme

From earlier *nōmnijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ (“name”).


nōmnijaną

nōmnijō (active first-person indicative singular)
nōmnijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
nōmnijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
nōmnīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
nōmnijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
nōmnī (active imperative second-person singular)
nōmnijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
nōmnijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
nōmnīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
nōmnijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
nōmnijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
nōmnijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
nōmnijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
nōmnijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
nōmnijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
nōmnijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
nōmnijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
nōmnijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
nōmnijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
nōmnijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
nōmnijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
nōmnijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
nōmnīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
nōmnijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
nōmnīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
nōmnijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
nōmnijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
nōmnijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
nōmnijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
nōmnijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
nōmnijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
nōmnijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
nōmnidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
nōmnidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
nōmnidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
nōmnidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
nōmnidē (active indicative singular third-person)
nōmnidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
nōmnidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
nōmnidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
nōmnidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
nōmnidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
nōmnidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
nōmnidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
nōmnidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
nōmnidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
nōmnidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
nōmnidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
nōmnijandz (active participle present)
nōmnidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Saxon: *nōmnian

Middle Low German: nȫmenen, nümmenen, nommen


hnudōną

hnudō (active first-person indicative singular)
hnudǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hnudōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
hnudōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
hnudōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hnudō (active imperative second-person singular)
hnudōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hnudōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hnudōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hnudō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hnudōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hnudōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hnudōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hnudōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hnudōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hnudōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hnudōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hnudōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hnudōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hnudōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hnudōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hnudōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hnudōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hnudōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hnudōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hnudōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hnudōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hnudōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hnudōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hnudōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hnudōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hnudōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hnudōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hnudōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hnudōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hnudōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hnudōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
hnudōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hnudōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hnudōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hnudōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hnudōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hnudōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hnudōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hnudōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hnudōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hnudōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hnudōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hnudōndz (active participle present)
hnudōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *hnodōn

Old English: *hnodian

Middle English: nodden

Scots: nod

English: nod

Old High German: hnotōn

Middle High German: notten

Old Norse: *hnoða

Faroese: noða

Icelandic: hnoða

From Proto-Indo-European *knḍʰ-, from *knu-, *knew- (“to scratch; scrape; rub”), from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to scratch; scrape; rub”).


swibāną

swibō (active first-person indicative singular)
swibaisi (active indicative second-person singular)
swibai (active imperative second-person singular)
swibāsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
swibaiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
swibāþau (active imperative singular third-person)
swibāþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
swibōs (active dual first-person indicative)
swibāþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swibāþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
swibāmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
swibānþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
swibaiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
swibaiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
swibānþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
swibānþi (active indicative plural third-person)
swibānþau (active imperative plural third-person)
swibānþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
swibadǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
swibadēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swibadēz (active indicative second-person singular)
swibadēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swibadē (active indicative singular third-person)
swibadēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swibadēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
swibadēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swibadēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swibadēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swibadēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
swibadēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swibadēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
swibadēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swibadēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
swibadēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swibāndz (active participle present)
swibadaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: swefian

Old Frisian: swiva

Old Saxon: *swivōn

Middle Low German: swēven

German Low German: sweven

→ Danish: svæve

→ Swedish: sväva

→ Norwegian: sveve

Old Dutch: sweben, *swevon

Middle Dutch: sweven

Dutch: zweven

Afrikaans: sweef

→ West Frisian: sweve

Old High German: swebēn

Middle High German: swëben

desc

Central Franconian: schwevve, schwäwe, schweawe

Luxembourgish: schwiewen

German: schweben

→ Esperanto: ŝvebi

Yiddish: שוועבן (shvebn)

From Proto-Indo-European *ksweybʰ- (“to sweep; move”).


spilþijaną

spilþijō (active first-person indicative singular)
spilþijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
spilþijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
spilþīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
spilþijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
spilþī (active imperative second-person singular)
spilþijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
spilþijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
spilþīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
spilþijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
spilþijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
spilþijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
spilþijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
spilþijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
spilþijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
spilþijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
spilþijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
spilþijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
spilþijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
spilþijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
spilþijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
spilþijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
spilþīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
spilþijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
spilþīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
spilþijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
spilþijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
spilþijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
spilþijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
spilþijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
spilþijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
spilþijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
spilþidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
spilþidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
spilþidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
spilþidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
spilþidē (active indicative singular third-person)
spilþidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
spilþidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
spilþidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
spilþidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
spilþidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
spilþidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
spilþidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
spilþidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
spilþidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
spilþidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
spilþidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
spilþijandz (active participle present)
spilþidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *spilþijan, *spillijan
Old English: spillan, spildan
Middle English: spillen, spylle, spille, spyl, spil, spyll, spill, spilden, spyllyn
English: spill
Scots: spill
Old Frisian: *spilla
⇒ Saterland Frisian: ferspille
Old Saxon: spildian
Middle Low German: spilden, spillen
German Low German: spillen
Old Dutch: *spilden
Middle Dutch: spilden, spillen
Dutch: spillen
Afrikaans: spil
Old High German: spilden
Middle High German: spilden, spillen
Bavarian: spillen
⇒ Middle High German: spildec
⇒ German: kostspielig

Old Norse: spilla

Icelandic: spilla

Faroese: spilla

Norwegian: spille

Old Swedish: spilla
Swedish: spilla

Old Danish: spillæ

Danish: spilde


swindaną

swindō (active first-person indicative singular)
swindaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swindai (first-person indicative passive singular)
swindizi (active indicative second-person singular)
swindaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swind (active imperative second-person singular)
swindazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
swindaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
swindidi (active indicative singular third-person)
swindai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swindadau (active imperative singular third-person)
swindadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
swindaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
swindōz (active dual first-person indicative)
swindaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swindadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swindaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swindadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
swindamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
swindaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swindandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
swindaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
swindid (active indicative plural second-person)
swindaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swindid (active imperative plural second-person)
swindandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
swindaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
swindandi (active indicative plural third-person)
swindain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swindandau (active imperative plural third-person)
swindandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
swindaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
swand (active first-person indicative singular)
swundį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swanst (active indicative second-person singular)
swundīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swand (active indicative singular third-person)
swundī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swundū (active dual first-person indicative)
swundīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swundudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swundīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swundum (active first-person indicative plural)
swundīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swundud (active indicative plural second-person)
swundīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swundun (active indicative plural third-person)
swundīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swindandz (active participle present)
swundanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *swindan
Old English: swindan
Middle English: swinden, swynden
Old Frisian: *swinda
Saterland Frisian: swiende
West Frisian: swine
Old Saxon: swindan
Middle Low German: swinden
German Low German: swinnen
→ Norwegian Bokmål: svinne
→ Norwegian Nynorsk: svinne, svinna
→ Old Swedish: svinda, svinna
Swedish: svinna
→ Danish: svinde
Old Dutch: *swindan
Middle Dutch: swinden
Dutch: zwinden
Old High German: swintan
Middle High German: swinden
German: schwinden

Of uncertain origin. Probably from a Proto-Indo-European *(s)wendʰ- (“to dwindle”), and compared with Proto-Slavic *vę̀dnǫti (“to fade, wither”) as well as perhaps Old Armenian քանդել (kʻandel, “to demolish, break up”). Alternatively, perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *swīnaną, *dwīnaną, *þwīnaną (“to dwindle”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (“to dwindle”), though this is phonetically difficult.

inh

Akademie-Verlag
Berlin
Wolfgang Pfeifer (etymologist)


leudaną

leudō (active first-person indicative singular)
leudaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
leudai (first-person indicative passive singular)
liudizi (active indicative second-person singular)
leudaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
leud (active imperative second-person singular)
leudazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
leudaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
liudidi (active indicative singular third-person)
leudai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
leudadau (active imperative singular third-person)
leudadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
leudaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
leudōz (active dual first-person indicative)
leudaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
leudadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
leudaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
leudadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
leudamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
leudaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
leudandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
leudaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
liudid (active indicative plural second-person)
leudaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
liudid (active imperative plural second-person)
leudandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
leudaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
leudandi (active indicative plural third-person)
leudain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
leudandau (active imperative plural third-person)
leudandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
leudaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
laud (active first-person indicative singular)
ludį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
laust (active indicative second-person singular)
ludīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
laud (active indicative singular third-person)
ludī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ludū (active dual first-person indicative)
ludīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
lududiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ludīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ludum (active first-person indicative plural)
ludīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ludud (active indicative plural second-person)
ludīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ludun (active indicative plural third-person)
ludīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
leudandz (active participle present)
ludanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *leudan
Old English: lēodan
Middle English: leoden
Old Saxon: liodan
Old High German: liotan

⇒ Old Norse: loðinn (past participle)
Icelandic: loðinn
Norwegian Nynorsk: lòden
Swedish: luden
Danish: lodden
Norwegian Bokmål: lodden

Gothic: 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽 (liudan)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁léwdʰ-e-ti, from *h₁lewdʰ- (“to grow; people”).


skukkijaną

skukkijō (active first-person indicative singular)
skukkijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skukkijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
skukkīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
skukkijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skukkī (active imperative second-person singular)
skukkijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
skukkijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
skukkīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
skukkijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skukkijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
skukkijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
skukkijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
skukkijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
skukkijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skukkijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skukkijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skukkijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
skukkijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
skukkijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skukkijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
skukkijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
skukkīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
skukkijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skukkīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
skukkijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
skukkijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
skukkijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
skukkijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skukkijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
skukkijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
skukkijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
skukkidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
skukkidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skukkidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
skukkidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skukkidē (active indicative singular third-person)
skukkidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skukkidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
skukkidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skukkidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skukkidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skukkidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
skukkidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skukkidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
skukkidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skukkidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
skukkidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skukkijandz (active participle present)
skukkidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: *sċyċċan (attested as preterite sċyhte); sċyhtan

Frankish: *skukkijan

→ Old French (Picard): chuquier, çuker

Old Saxon: *skukkian

Middle Low German: schucken

Old High German: *skuhhen

Middle High German: schucken? (dialectal); schöcken?

(Old Norse: skykkr)


skikkijaną

skikkijō (active first-person indicative singular)
skikkijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skikkijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
skikkīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
skikkijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skikkī (active imperative second-person singular)
skikkijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
skikkijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
skikkīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
skikkijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skikkijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
skikkijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
skikkijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
skikkijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
skikkijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skikkijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skikkijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skikkijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
skikkijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
skikkijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skikkijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
skikkijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
skikkīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
skikkijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skikkīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
skikkijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
skikkijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
skikkijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
skikkijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skikkijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
skikkijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
skikkijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
skikkidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
skikkidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skikkidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
skikkidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skikkidē (active indicative singular third-person)
skikkidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skikkidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
skikkidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skikkidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skikkidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skikkidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
skikkidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skikkidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
skikkidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skikkidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
skikkidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skikkijandz (active participle present)
skikkidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *skikkijan

Old English: *sċiċċan

Middle English: skekken (possibly from Dutch or Low German?)

Old Frisian: skikka, skitza

West Frisian: skikke

Old Saxon: *skikkian

Middle Low German: schicken

German Low German: schicken

→ Old Norse: skikka

Danish: skikke

Icelandic: skikka

Norwegian: skikke

Swedish: skicka

→ Middle French: chicaner

French: chicaner; chicanerie

→ German: schikanieren

→ English: chicanery

→ Polish: szykanować

Old Dutch: *skikken

Middle Dutch: schicken

Dutch: schikken

Old High German: *skicchen

Middle High German: schicken

German: schicken

Hunsrik: schicke

Luxembourgish: schécken

→ Polish: szykować

From Proto-Indo-European *skeg- or *skek- (“to jump; move”), perhaps from *skehaną + *-kijaną (intensive suffix).


lekaną

lekō (active first-person indicative singular)
lekaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
lekai (first-person indicative passive singular)
likizi (active indicative second-person singular)
lekaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
lek (active imperative second-person singular)
lekazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
lekaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
likidi (active indicative singular third-person)
lekai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
lekadau (active imperative singular third-person)
lekadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
lekaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
lekōz (active dual first-person indicative)
lekaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
lekadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
lekaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
lekadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
lekamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
lekaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
lekandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
lekaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
likid (active indicative plural second-person)
lekaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
likid (active imperative plural second-person)
lekandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
lekaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
lekandi (active indicative plural third-person)
lekain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
lekandau (active imperative plural third-person)
lekandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
lekaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
lak (active first-person indicative singular)
lēkį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
laht (active indicative second-person singular)
lēkīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
lak (active indicative singular third-person)
lēkī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
lēkū (active dual first-person indicative)
lēkīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
lēkudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
lēkīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
lēkum (active first-person indicative plural)
lēkīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
lēkud (active indicative plural second-person)
lēkīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
lēkun (active indicative plural third-person)
lēkīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
lekandz (active participle present)
lekanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *lekan

Old English: *lecan

Middle English: leken (strong verb) (possibly borrowed from Old Norse)

Scots: leke, lek, leek

English: leak

→ Esperanto: liki

Old Frisian: *leka, *lekka

Saterland Frisian: läkke

West Frisian: lekke

Old Saxon: *lekan

Middle Low German: lēken

Low German: leken

Old Dutch: *lekan

Middle Dutch: lēken, lecken

Dutch: lekken

Afrikaans: lek

Old High German: lehhan; irlehhan

Middle High German: lechen; erlëchen

German: lechen (archaic or dialectal); erlechen

Old Norse: leka

Faroese: leka

Icelandic: leka

Norwegian Nynorsk: leka

Swedish: läka (dialectal)

>? Swedish: läcka

From Proto-Indo-European *leg- (“to leak”).


ailijaną

ailijō (active first-person indicative singular)
ailijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ailijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
ailīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
ailijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ailī (active imperative second-person singular)
ailijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
ailijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
ailīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
ailijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ailijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
ailijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
ailijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
ailijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
ailijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
ailijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ailijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ailijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
ailijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
ailijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ailijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
ailijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
ailīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
ailijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ailīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
ailijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
ailijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
ailijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
ailijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ailijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
ailijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
ailijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
ailidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
ailidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ailidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
ailidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ailidē (active indicative singular third-person)
ailidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ailidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
ailidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
ailidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ailidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ailidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
ailidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ailidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
ailidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ailidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
ailidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ailijandz (active participle present)
ailidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *ailijan
Old English: ǣlan

From *ailą (“fire”) + *-janą (“denominal suffix”).


ganesaną

ganesō (active first-person indicative singular)
ganesaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ganesai (first-person indicative passive singular)
ganisizi (active indicative second-person singular)
ganesaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ganes (active imperative second-person singular)
ganesazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
ganesaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
ganisidi (active indicative singular third-person)
ganesai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ganesadau (active imperative singular third-person)
ganesadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
ganesaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
ganesōz (active dual first-person indicative)
ganesaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
ganesadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ganesaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ganesadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
ganesamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
ganesaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ganesandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
ganesaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
ganisid (active indicative plural second-person)
ganesaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ganisid (active imperative plural second-person)
ganesandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
ganesaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
ganesandi (active indicative plural third-person)
ganesain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ganesandau (active imperative plural third-person)
ganesandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
ganesaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
ganas (active first-person indicative singular)
ganēzį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
ganast (active indicative second-person singular)
ganēzīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
ganas (active indicative singular third-person)
ganēzī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
ganēzū (active dual first-person indicative)
ganēzīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
ganēzudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
ganēzīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
ganēzum (active first-person indicative plural)
ganēzīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
ganēzud (active indicative plural second-person)
ganēzīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
ganēzun (active indicative plural third-person)
ganēzīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
ganesandz (active participle present)
ganezanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: ġenesan

Old Dutch: *ginesan

Middle Dutch: genēsen

Dutch: genezen

Afrikaans: genees

Old High German: ginësan

Middle High German: genësen

German: genesen

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽 (ganisan)


uzananą

uzanō (active first-person indicative singular)
uzanaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzanai (first-person indicative passive singular)
uzanizi (active indicative second-person singular)
uzanaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzan (active imperative second-person singular)
uzanazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
uzanaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
uzanidi (active indicative singular third-person)
uzanai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzanadau (active imperative singular third-person)
uzanadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
uzanaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
uzanōz (active dual first-person indicative)
uzanaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzanadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzanaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzanadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
uzanamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
uzanaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzanandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
uzanaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
uzanid (active indicative plural second-person)
uzanaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzanid (active imperative plural second-person)
uzanandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
uzanaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
uzanandi (active indicative plural third-person)
uzanain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzanandau (active imperative plural third-person)
uzanandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
uzanaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
uzōn (active first-person indicative singular)
uzōnį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzōnt (active indicative second-person singular)
uzōnīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzōn (active indicative singular third-person)
uzōnī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzōnū (active dual first-person indicative)
uzōnīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzōnudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzōnīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzōnum (active first-person indicative plural)
uzōnīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzōnud (active indicative plural second-person)
uzōnīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzōnun (active indicative plural third-person)
uzōnīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzanandz (active participle present)
uzananaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Gothic: 𐌿𐌶𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (uzanan)


grasōną

grasō (active first-person indicative singular)
grasǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
grasōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
grasōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
grasōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
grasō (active imperative second-person singular)
grasōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
grasōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
grasōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
grasō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
grasōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
grasōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
grasōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
grasōs (active dual first-person indicative)
grasōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
grasōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
grasōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
grasōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
grasōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
grasōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
grasōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
grasōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
grasōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
grasōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
grasōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
grasōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
grasōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
grasōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
grasōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
grasōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
grasōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
grasōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
grasōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
grasōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
grasōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
grasōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
grasōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
grasōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
grasōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
grasōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
grasōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
grasōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
grasōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
grasōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
grasōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
grasōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
grasōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
grasōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
grasōndz (active participle present)
grasōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *grasōn
Old Frisian: gersia
West Frisian: gerskje
Old Saxon: grasōn
Middle Low German: grāsen
German Low German: grasen
Old Dutch: *grason
Middle Dutch: grāsen
Dutch: grazen
Old High German: grasōn
Middle High German: grasen
Cimbrian: graazan
German: grasen

Old Norse: grasa

Icelandic: grasa

Faroese: grasa

/ˈɣrɑ.sɔː.nɑ̃/


grasjaną

grasjō (active first-person indicative singular)
grasjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
grasjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
grasisi (active indicative second-person singular)
grasjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
grasi (active imperative second-person singular)
grasjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
grasjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
grasiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
grasjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
grasjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
grasjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
grasjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
grasjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
grasjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
grasjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
grasjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
grasjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
grasjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
grasjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
grasjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
grasjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
grasiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
grasjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
grasiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
grasjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
grasjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
grasjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
grasjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
grasjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
grasjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
grasjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
grasidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
grasidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
grasidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
grasidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
grasidē (active indicative singular third-person)
grasidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
grasidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
grasidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
grasidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
grasidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
grasidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
grasidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
grasidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
grasidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
grasidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
grasidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
grasjandz (active participle present)
grasidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *grassjan
Old English: grasian
Middle English: grasen
English: graze
Old Dutch: *gressen, *gersen
Middle Dutch: gersen, *gresen
Dutch: grezen (dialectal)

Old Norse: gresja

Icelandic: gresja

Faroese: gresja

Swedish: gräsa

Danish: græsse


stōdijaną

stōdijō (active first-person indicative singular)
stōdijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stōdijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
stōdīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
stōdijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stōdī (active imperative second-person singular)
stōdijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
stōdijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
stōdīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
stōdijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stōdijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
stōdijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
stōdijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
stōdijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
stōdijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stōdijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stōdijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stōdijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
stōdijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
stōdijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stōdijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
stōdijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
stōdīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
stōdijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stōdīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
stōdijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
stōdijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
stōdijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
stōdijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stōdijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
stōdijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
stōdijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
stōdidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
stōdidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stōdidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
stōdidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stōdidē (active indicative singular third-person)
stōdidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stōdidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
stōdidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stōdidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stōdidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stōdidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
stōdidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stōdidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
stōdidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stōdidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
stōdidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stōdijandz (active participle present)
stōdidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: stǿða, stœða

Icelandic: stæða

desc

Gothic: *𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*stōdjan), 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (anastōdjan)


twitwizōną

twitwizō (active first-person indicative singular)
twitwizǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
twitwizōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
twitwizōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
twitwizōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
twitwizō (active imperative second-person singular)
twitwizōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
twitwizōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
twitwizōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
twitwizō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
twitwizōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
twitwizōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
twitwizōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
twitwizōs (active dual first-person indicative)
twitwizōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
twitwizōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
twitwizōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
twitwizōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
twitwizōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
twitwizōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
twitwizōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
twitwizōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
twitwizōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
twitwizōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
twitwizōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
twitwizōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
twitwizōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
twitwizōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
twitwizōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
twitwizōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
twitwizōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
twitwizōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
twitwizōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
twitwizōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
twitwizōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
twitwizōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
twitwizōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
twitwizōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
twitwizōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
twitwizōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
twitwizōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
twitwizōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
twitwizōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
twitwizōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
twitwizōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
twitwizōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
twitwizōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
twitwizōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
twitwizōndz (active participle present)
twitwizōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *twitwiʀōn

Old English: *twiterian, *twitrian

Middle English: twiteren, twitren

Scots: twitter

English: twitter

→ Dutch: twitteren

→ Low German: twitteren

Old Dutch: *twiteron, *kwiteron (possible dissimilation)

Middle Dutch: *quēteren (attested in quēteringhe)

Dutch: queteren (obsolete), kwetteren

Old High German: zwizzirōn, zwizerōn

Middle High German: zwitzern

German: zwitzern, zwitschern

Luxembourgish: zwitscheren

Old Norse: *tvitra, *kvitra

Danish: kvidre

Norwegian Bokmål: kvitre

Norwegian Nynorsk: kvitra

Old Swedish: kvittra, *tittra

Swedish: kvittra, Swedish: tittra (dialectal)


glutōną

glutō (active first-person indicative singular)
glutǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
glutōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
glutōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
glutōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
glutō (active imperative second-person singular)
glutōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
glutōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
glutōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
glutō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
glutōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
glutōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
glutōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
glutōs (active dual first-person indicative)
glutōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
glutōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
glutōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
glutōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
glutōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
glutōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
glutōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
glutōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
glutōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
glutōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
glutōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
glutōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
glutōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
glutōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
glutōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
glutōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
glutōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
glutōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
glutōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
glutōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
glutōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
glutōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
glutōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
glutōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
glutōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
glutōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
glutōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
glutōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
glutōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
glutōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
glutōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
glutōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
glutōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
glutōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
glutōndz (active participle present)
glutōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)
*gluttōną (alternative)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *glotōn
Old English: *glotian
Middle English: *gloten, glouten (alternatively borrowed from Old Norse glotta)
Scots: glout
English: gloat
Old High German: *glozzōn
Middle High German: glotzen
German: glotzen
→ German Low German: glotzen

Old Norse: glotta, *glytta (< *glutatjaną ?)

Icelandic: glotta

Norwegian: glutta, glytta

Swedish: glutta

(Danish: glo ?)

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰln̥d-néh₂-ti and thus related to *glintaną (“to shine”), *glantaz (“bright”), from the root *gʰlend- (“to shine”); the unusual formation may be due to dissimilation *gʰln̥d-néh₂- > *gʰl̥d-néh₂-. Perhaps ultimately from an even earlier root *gʰel- (“to shine”).


waltijaną

waltijō (active first-person indicative singular)
waltijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
waltijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
waltīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
waltijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
waltī (active imperative second-person singular)
waltijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
waltijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
waltīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
waltijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
waltijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
waltijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
waltijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
waltijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
waltijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
waltijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
waltijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
waltijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
waltijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
waltijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
waltijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
waltijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
waltīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
waltijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
waltīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
waltijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
waltijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
waltijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
waltijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
waltijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
waltijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
waltijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
waltidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
waltidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
waltidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
waltidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
waltidē (active indicative singular third-person)
waltidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
waltidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
waltidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
waltidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
waltidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
waltidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
waltidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
waltidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
waltidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
waltidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
waltidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
waltijandz (active participle present)
waltidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *waltijan
Old English: wæltan, weltan, *wieltan, wyltan, wiltan
Middle English: welten, walten
Scots: welt, walt
English: welt, walt
Old Saxon: weltian
Middle Low German: walten, wölten; walteren, wolteren
German Low German: weltern, wältern
Old Dutch: *welten
⇒ Middle Dutch: welteren
Dutch: welteren
Old High German: welzen
Middle High German: welzen
German: wälzen

Old Norse: velta

Icelandic: velta

Norwegian: velte

Old Swedish: vælta

Swedish: välta

Danish: vælte

Gothic: 𐍅𐌰𐌻𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (waltjan)


batizōną

batizō (active first-person indicative singular)
batizǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
batizōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
batizōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
batizōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
batizō (active imperative second-person singular)
batizōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
batizōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
batizōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
batizō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
batizōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
batizōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
batizōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
batizōs (active dual first-person indicative)
batizōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
batizōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
batizōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
batizōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
batizōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
batizōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
batizōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
batizōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
batizōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
batizōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
batizōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
batizōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
batizōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
batizōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
batizōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
batizōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
batizōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
batizōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
batizōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
batizōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
batizōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
batizōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
batizōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
batizōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
batizōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
batizōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
batizōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
batizōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
batizōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
batizōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
batizōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
batizōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
batizōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
batizōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
batizōndz (active participle present)
batizōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *batiʀōn
Old English: beterian, betrian
Middle English: betren, bettren
Scots: beter, better
English: better
Old Frisian: beteria
Saterland Frisian: bäterje
West Frisian: betterje
Old Saxon: betirōn, betorōn
Middle Low German: bēteren
German Low German: betern
Old Dutch: *betiron
Middle Dutch: beteren
Dutch: beteren
Old High German: bezzirōn
Middle High German: bezzeren, bezzern, pezzern
German: bessern

Old Norse: betra

Icelandic: betra

Faroese: betra

Norwegian:

Norwegian Nynorsk: betra, betre

Norwegian Bokmål: bedre

Swedish: bättra

Danish: bedre

Gutnish: bättre, bättra


slīdaną

slīdō (active first-person indicative singular)
slīdaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
slīdai (first-person indicative passive singular)
slīdizi (active indicative second-person singular)
slīdaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
slīd (active imperative second-person singular)
slīdazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
slīdaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
slīdidi (active indicative singular third-person)
slīdai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
slīdadau (active imperative singular third-person)
slīdadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
slīdaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
slīdōz (active dual first-person indicative)
slīdaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
slīdadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
slīdaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
slīdadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
slīdamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
slīdaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
slīdandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
slīdaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
slīdid (active indicative plural second-person)
slīdaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
slīdid (active imperative plural second-person)
slīdandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
slīdaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
slīdandi (active indicative plural third-person)
slīdain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
slīdandau (active imperative plural third-person)
slīdandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
slīdaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
slaid (active first-person indicative singular)
slidį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
slaist (active indicative second-person singular)
slidīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
slaid (active indicative singular third-person)
slidī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
slidū (active dual first-person indicative)
slidīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
slidudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
slidīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
slidum (active first-person indicative plural)
slidīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
slidud (active indicative plural second-person)
slidīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
slidun (active indicative plural third-person)
slidīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
slīdandz (active participle present)
slidanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *slīdan
Old English: slīdan
Middle English: sliden, slyden, slydyn, slijden, slidyn, slithen, slide, slyde
English: slide
→ Japanese: スライド (suraido)
Scots: slide
Old Saxon: *slīdan
Middle Low German: slīden
Old Dutch: *slīdan
Middle Dutch: slīden
Old High German: slītan
Middle High German: slīten

From Proto-Indo-European *sléydʰ-e-ti, from *sleydʰ- (“slippery”). Cognate with Vedic Sanskrit स्रेधति (srédhati, “to err, blunder”).


daudijaną

daudijō (active first-person indicative singular)
daudijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
daudijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
daudīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
daudijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
daudī (active imperative second-person singular)
daudijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
daudijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
daudīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
daudijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
daudijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
daudijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
daudijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
daudijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
daudijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
daudijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
daudijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
daudijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
daudijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
daudijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
daudijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
daudijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
daudīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
daudijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
daudīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
daudijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
daudijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
daudijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
daudijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
daudijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
daudijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
daudijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
daudidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
daudidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
daudidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
daudidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
daudidē (active indicative singular third-person)
daudidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
daudidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
daudidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
daudidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
daudidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
daudidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
daudidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
daudidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
daudidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
daudidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
daudidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
daudijandz (active participle present)
daudidaz (active participle past subjunctive)
*dauþijaną (alternative)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *daudijan, *dauþijan
Old English: dīedan, dȳdan
Middle English: deden, deaden
Old Frisian: dēda
Old Saxon: *dōdian (attested in bidōdian)
Middle Low German: dö̂den
Old Dutch: *dōden, *dōthen
Middle Dutch: dôden
Dutch: doden
Afrikaans: dood
Negerhollands: dood
Limburgish: doeaje
Old High German: *tōten, tōden, (Central German) dōten, *dōden
Middle High German: tœten, tœden
Alemannic German: tööde, töde
Cimbrian: töatan
German: töten

Old Norse: deyða

Icelandic: deyða

Faroese: doyða

Norwegian Nynorsk: døyda

Old Swedish: dødha

Swedish: döda

Old Danish: døthæ

Danish: døde (dated)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: døde (archaic)

Gothic: 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (dauþjan)


feluwurdijaną

feluwurdijō (active first-person indicative singular)
feluwurdijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
feluwurdijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
feluwurdīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
feluwurdijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
feluwurdī (active imperative second-person singular)
feluwurdijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
feluwurdijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
feluwurdīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
feluwurdijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
feluwurdijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
feluwurdijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
feluwurdijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
feluwurdijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
feluwurdijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
feluwurdijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
feluwurdijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
feluwurdijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
feluwurdijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
feluwurdijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
feluwurdijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
feluwurdijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
feluwurdīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
feluwurdijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
feluwurdīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
feluwurdijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
feluwurdijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
feluwurdijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
feluwurdijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
feluwurdijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
feluwurdijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
feluwurdijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
feluwurdidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
feluwurdidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
feluwurdidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
feluwurdidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
feluwurdidē (active indicative singular third-person)
feluwurdidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
feluwurdidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
feluwurdidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
feluwurdidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
feluwurdidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
feluwurdidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
feluwurdidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
feluwurdidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
feluwurdidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
feluwurdidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
feluwurdidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
feluwurdijandz (active participle present)
feluwurdidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desc

𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌿𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic: 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌿𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (filuwaurdjan)

From *felu + *wurdijaną or *felu + *wurdą + *-janą.


uzwurkijaną

uzwurkijō (active first-person indicative singular)
uzwurkijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzwurkijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
uzwurkīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
uzwurkijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzwurkī (active imperative second-person singular)
uzwurkijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
uzwurkijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
uzwurkīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
uzwurkijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzwurkijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
uzwurkijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
uzwurkijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
uzwurkijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
uzwurkijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzwurkijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzwurkijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzwurkijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
uzwurkijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
uzwurkijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzwurkijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
uzwurkijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
uzwurkīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
uzwurkijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzwurkīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
uzwurkijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
uzwurkijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
uzwurkijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
uzwurkijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzwurkijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
uzwurkijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
uzwurkijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
uzwurhtǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
uzwurhtēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzwurhtēz (active indicative second-person singular)
uzwurhtēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzwurhtē (active indicative singular third-person)
uzwurhtēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzwurhtēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
uzwurhtēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzwurhtēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzwurhtēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzwurhtēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
uzwurhtēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzwurhtēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
uzwurhtēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzwurhtēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
uzwurhtēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzwurkijandz (active participle present)
uzwurkidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: āwyrċan

Old High German: irwurken, irwurhen

Middle High German: erwirken

German: erwirken

Gothic: 𐌿𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (uswaurkjan)


latjaną

latjō (active first-person indicative singular)
latjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
latjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
latisi (active indicative second-person singular)
latjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
lati (active imperative second-person singular)
latjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
latjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
latiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
latjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
latjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
latjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
latjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
latjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
latjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
latjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
latjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
latjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
latjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
latjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
latjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
latjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
latiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
latjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
latiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
latjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
latjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
latjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
latjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
latjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
latjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
latjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
latidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
latidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
latidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
latidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
latidē (active indicative singular third-person)
latidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
latidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
latidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
latidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
latidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
latidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
latidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
latidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
latidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
latidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
latidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
latjandz (active participle present)
latidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *lattjan
Old English: lettan
Middle English: letten
English: let
Scots: lat
Old Frisian: letta
Saterland Frisian: lätte
West Frisian: lette
Old Saxon: lettian
Middle Low German: letten
German Low German: letten
Old Dutch: *letten
Middle Dutch: letten
Dutch: letten
Afrikaans: let
Old High German: lezzen
Middle High German: lezen, letzen
German: letzen
⇒ Middle High German: ferletzen, verletzen
German: verletzen

Old Norse: letja
Icelandic: letja
Old Swedish: lætia
⇒ Old Swedish: lætias
Swedish: lättjas

Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (latjan)


stadjaną

stadjō (active first-person indicative singular)
stadjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stadjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
stadisi (active indicative second-person singular)
stadjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stadi (active imperative second-person singular)
stadjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
stadjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
stadiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
stadjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stadjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
stadjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
stadjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
stadjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
stadjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stadjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stadjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stadjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
stadjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
stadjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stadjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
stadjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
stadiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
stadjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stadiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
stadjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
stadjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
stadjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
stadjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stadjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
stadjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
stadjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
stadidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
stadidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stadidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
stadidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stadidē (active indicative singular third-person)
stadidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stadidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
stadidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stadidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stadidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stadidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
stadidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stadidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
stadidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stadidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
stadidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stadjandz (active participle present)
stadidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: steðja

Icelandic: steðja

Old Swedish: stæþia

Swedish: städja, städa


hauhijaną

hauhijō (active first-person indicative singular)
hauhijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hauhijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hauhīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
hauhijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hauhī (active imperative second-person singular)
hauhijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hauhijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hauhīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hauhijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hauhijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hauhijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hauhijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hauhijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hauhijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hauhijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hauhijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hauhijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hauhijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hauhijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hauhijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hauhijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hauhīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hauhijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hauhīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hauhijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hauhijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hauhijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hauhijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hauhijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hauhijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hauhijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hauhidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hauhidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hauhidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hauhidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hauhidē (active indicative singular third-person)
hauhidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hauhidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hauhidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hauhidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hauhidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hauhidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hauhidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hauhidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hauhidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hauhidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hauhidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hauhijandz (active participle present)
hauhidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *hauhijan
Old English: hēan
Middle English: heien (conflated with ġehēgan)
English: high
Yola: heighed (preterite)
Old Frisian: heia
Old Saxon:
Middle Low German: hȫgen (backformed to the adjective)
Old Dutch: *hōen
Middle Dutch: hogen (backformed to the adjective)
Dutch: hogen
Old High German: hōhen
Middle High German: höhen
German: höhen

Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hauhjan)


skaftijaną

skaftijō (active first-person indicative singular)
skaftijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skaftijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
skaftīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
skaftijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skaftī (active imperative second-person singular)
skaftijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
skaftijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
skaftīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
skaftijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skaftijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
skaftijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
skaftijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
skaftijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
skaftijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skaftijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skaftijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skaftijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
skaftijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
skaftijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skaftijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
skaftijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
skaftīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
skaftijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skaftīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
skaftijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
skaftijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
skaftijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
skaftijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skaftijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
skaftijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
skaftijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
skaftidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
skaftidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skaftidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
skaftidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skaftidē (active indicative singular third-person)
skaftidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skaftidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
skaftidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skaftidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skaftidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skaftidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
skaftidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skaftidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
skaftidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skaftidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
skaftidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skaftijandz (active participle present)
skaftidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (skaftjan)

Factitive derived from unattested *skaftaz ("ready" < "shaped, created"), original past participle to *skapjaną.


gulþijaną

gulþijō (active first-person indicative singular)
gulþijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gulþijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
gulþīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
gulþijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gulþī (active imperative second-person singular)
gulþijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gulþijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gulþīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
gulþijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gulþijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
gulþijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gulþijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gulþijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
gulþijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gulþijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gulþijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gulþijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gulþijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gulþijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gulþijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gulþijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gulþīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
gulþijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gulþīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
gulþijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gulþijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gulþijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
gulþijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gulþijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
gulþijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gulþijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gulþidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
gulþidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gulþidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
gulþidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gulþidē (active indicative singular third-person)
gulþidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gulþidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
gulþidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gulþidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gulþidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gulþidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
gulþidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gulþidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
gulþidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gulþidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
gulþidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gulþijandz (active participle present)
gulþidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *gulþijan
Old English: *gyldan
Middle English: gulden, gilden
English: gild
⇒ Old English: begyldan, ofergyldan
Old Dutch: *gulden
⇒ Middle Dutch: vergulden, vergolden, vergouden
Dutch: vergulden
Old High German: *gulden
⇒ Old High German: ubargulden

Old Norse: gylla

Icelandic: gylla

Faroese: gylla


fulkijaną

fulkijō (active first-person indicative singular)
fulkijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fulkijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
fulkīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
fulkijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fulkī (active imperative second-person singular)
fulkijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
fulkijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
fulkīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
fulkijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fulkijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
fulkijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
fulkijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
fulkijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
fulkijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fulkijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fulkijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fulkijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
fulkijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
fulkijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fulkijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
fulkijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
fulkīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
fulkijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fulkīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
fulkijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
fulkijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
fulkijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
fulkijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fulkijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
fulkijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
fulkijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
fulkidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
fulkidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fulkidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
fulkidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fulkidē (active indicative singular third-person)
fulkidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fulkidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
fulkidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fulkidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fulkidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fulkidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
fulkidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fulkidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
fulkidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fulkidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
fulkidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fulkijandz (active participle present)
fulkidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *fulkijan
Old English: fylċan (attested as ġefylċed (ppt))
>? Middle English: filchen
English: filch
Scots: filsh
Old High German: fulken

Old Norse: fylkja

Icelandic: fylkja

Norwegian Nynorsk: fylkja

Old Swedish: fylkia

Swedish: fylka


þebōną

þebō (active first-person indicative singular)
þebǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þebōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
þebōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
þebōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þebō (active imperative second-person singular)
þebōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
þebōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
þebōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
þebō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þebōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
þebōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
þebōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
þebōs (active dual first-person indicative)
þebōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þebōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þebōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þebōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
þebōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
þebōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þebōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
þebōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
þebōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
þebōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þebōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
þebōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
þebōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
þebōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
þebōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þebōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
þebōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
þebōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
þebōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
þebōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þebōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
þebōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þebōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
þebōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þebōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
þebōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þebōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þebōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þebōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
þebōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þebōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
þebōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þebōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
þebōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þebōndz (active participle present)
þebōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)
*þefōną (alternative)

Proto-West Germanic: *þebōn
Old English: þefian
⇒ Old English: ofþefian
⇒? Old English: þefel (“mulled wine, must, cider”)

Old Norse: þefa; (þefja)

Icelandic: þefa; (þefja)

(Faroese: tevja)

Norwegian: teva (dialectal)

/ˈθe.βɔː.nɑ̃/

From Proto-Indo-European *tep- (“warm; hot”).


gailijaną

gailijō (active first-person indicative singular)
gailijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gailijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
gailīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
gailijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gailī (active imperative second-person singular)
gailijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gailijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gailīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
gailijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gailijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
gailijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gailijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gailijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
gailijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gailijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gailijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gailijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gailijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gailijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gailijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gailijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gailīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
gailijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gailīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
gailijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gailijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gailijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
gailijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gailijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
gailijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gailijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gailidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
gailidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gailidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
gailidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gailidē (active indicative singular third-person)
gailidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gailidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
gailidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gailidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gailidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gailidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
gailidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gailidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
gailidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gailidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
gailidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gailijandz (active participle present)
gailidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: gilja
Norwegian Bokmål: gilje
Norwegian Bokmål: gilje, gilja
Swedish: gilja

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gailjan)


jakkōną

jakkō (active first-person indicative singular)
jakkǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
jakkōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
jakkōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
jakkōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
jakkō (active imperative second-person singular)
jakkōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
jakkōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
jakkōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
jakkō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
jakkōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
jakkōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
jakkōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
jakkōs (active dual first-person indicative)
jakkōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
jakkōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
jakkōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
jakkōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
jakkōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
jakkōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
jakkōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
jakkōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
jakkōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
jakkōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
jakkōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
jakkōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
jakkōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
jakkōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
jakkōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
jakkōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
jakkōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
jakkōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
jakkōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
jakkōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
jakkōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
jakkōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
jakkōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
jakkōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
jakkōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
jakkōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
jakkōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
jakkōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
jakkōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
jakkōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
jakkōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
jakkōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
jakkōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
jakkōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
jakkōndz (active participle present)
jakkōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West-Germanic: *jagōn (see there for further descendants)

Old Dutch: *jakkon

Middle Dutch: jakken

Dutch: jakken

Old Norse: *jaka

⇒ Old Norse: *jakta

Danish: jagte

Norwegian:

Bokmål: jakte

Nynorsk: jakta

Gutnish: jakte, jakt', jakta

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyǵʰ- (“to strive, chase”). Compare Sanskrit समीहते (samī́hate, “to desire”).