sweþaną

sweþō (active first-person indicative singular)
sweþaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
sweþai (first-person indicative passive singular)
swiþizi (active indicative second-person singular)
sweþaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sweþ (active imperative second-person singular)
sweþazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
sweþaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
swiþidi (active indicative singular third-person)
sweþai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sweþadau (active imperative singular third-person)
sweþadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
sweþaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
sweþōz (active dual first-person indicative)
sweþaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sweþadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sweþaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sweþadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
sweþamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
sweþaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sweþandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
sweþaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
swiþid (active indicative plural second-person)
sweþaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swiþid (active imperative plural second-person)
sweþandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
sweþaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
sweþandi (active indicative plural third-person)
sweþain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sweþandau (active imperative plural third-person)
sweþandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
sweþaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
swaþ (active first-person indicative singular)
swēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swast (active indicative second-person singular)
swēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swaþ (active indicative singular third-person)
swēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
swēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
swēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
swēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
swēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sweþandz (active participle present)
swedanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old High German: swedan


slaiwōną

slaiwō (active first-person indicative singular)
slaiwǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
slaiwōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
slaiwōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
slaiwōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
slaiwō (active imperative second-person singular)
slaiwōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
slaiwōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
slaiwōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
slaiwō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
slaiwōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
slaiwōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
slaiwōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
slaiwōs (active dual first-person indicative)
slaiwōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
slaiwōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
slaiwōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
slaiwōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
slaiwōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
slaiwōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
slaiwōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
slaiwōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
slaiwōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
slaiwōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
slaiwōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
slaiwōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
slaiwōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
slaiwōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
slaiwōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
slaiwōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
slaiwōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
slaiwōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
slaiwōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
slaiwōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
slaiwōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
slaiwōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
slaiwōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
slaiwōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
slaiwōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
slaiwōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
slaiwōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
slaiwōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
slaiwōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
slaiwōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
slaiwōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
slaiwōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
slaiwōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
slaiwōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
slaiwōndz (active participle present)
slaiwōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: slāwian, āslāwian

Middle English: slouen

English: slow

Old High German: slēwōn

Middle High German: slēwen

Old Norse: sljóva, sljóvga

Icelandic: sljóva, sljóvga


mikilōną

mikilō (active first-person indicative singular)
mikilǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
mikilōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
mikilōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
mikilōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
mikilō (active imperative second-person singular)
mikilōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
mikilōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
mikilōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
mikilō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
mikilōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
mikilōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
mikilōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
mikilōs (active dual first-person indicative)
mikilōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
mikilōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
mikilōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
mikilōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
mikilōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
mikilōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
mikilōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
mikilōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
mikilōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
mikilōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
mikilōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
mikilōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
mikilōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
mikilōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
mikilōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
mikilōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
mikilōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
mikilōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
mikilōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
mikilōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
mikilōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
mikilōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
mikilōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
mikilōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
mikilōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
mikilōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
mikilōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
mikilōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
mikilōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
mikilōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
mikilōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
mikilōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
mikilōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
mikilōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
mikilōndz (active participle present)
mikilōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *mikilōn
Old English: miclian
Middle English: muchelen
Old Dutch: *mikilon
⇒ Old Dutch: gemikilon
Old High German: mihhilōn, michilōn
Middle High German: michelen

Old Norse: mikla

Icelandic: mikla


mikiljaną

mikiljō (active first-person indicative singular)
mikiljaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
mikiljai (first-person indicative passive singular)
mikilisi (active indicative second-person singular)
mikiljais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
mikili (active imperative second-person singular)
mikiljasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
mikiljaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
mikiliþi (active indicative singular third-person)
mikiljai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
mikiljaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
mikiljaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
mikiljaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
mikiljōs (active dual first-person indicative)
mikiljaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
mikiljaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
mikiljaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
mikiljaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
mikiljamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
mikiljaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
mikiljanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
mikiljainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
mikiliþ (active indicative plural second-person)
mikiljaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
mikiliþ (active imperative plural second-person)
mikiljanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
mikiljainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
mikiljanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
mikiljain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
mikiljanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
mikiljanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
mikiljainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
mikilidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
mikilidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
mikilidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
mikilidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
mikilidē (active indicative singular third-person)
mikilidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
mikilidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
mikilidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
mikilidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
mikilidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
mikilidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
mikilidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
mikilidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
mikilidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
mikilidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
mikilidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
mikiljandz (active participle present)
mikilidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *mikilijan
Old Saxon: mikilian

Gothic: 𐌼𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (mikiljan)


gahauzijaną

gahauzijō (active first-person indicative singular)
gahauzijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gahauzijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
gahauzīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
gahauzijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gahauzī (active imperative second-person singular)
gahauzijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gahauzijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gahauzīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
gahauzijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gahauzijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
gahauzijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gahauzijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gahauzijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
gahauzijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gahauzijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gahauzijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gahauzijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gahauzijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gahauzijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gahauzijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gahauzijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gahauzīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
gahauzijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gahauzīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
gahauzijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gahauzijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gahauzijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
gahauzijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gahauzijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
gahauzijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gahauzijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gahauzidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
gahauzidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gahauzidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
gahauzidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gahauzidē (active indicative singular third-person)
gahauzidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gahauzidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
gahauzidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gahauzidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gahauzidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gahauzidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
gahauzidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gahauzidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
gahauzidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gahauzidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
gahauzidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gahauzijandz (active participle present)
gahauzidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *gahauʀijan
Old English: ġehīeran, ġehīran, ġehȳran, ġehēran
Middle English: iheren, yheren
Old Saxon: gihōrian
Middle Low German: gehoren
Old Dutch: gihōren
Middle Dutch: gehoren
Old High German: gihōrian
Middle High German: gehœren
German: gehören
Yiddish: געהערן (gehern)

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gahausjan)


bēgāną

bēgō (active first-person indicative singular)
bēgaisi (active indicative second-person singular)
bēgai (active imperative second-person singular)
bēgāsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
bēgaiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
bēgāþau (active imperative singular third-person)
bēgāþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
bēgōs (active dual first-person indicative)
bēgāþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
bēgāþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
bēgāmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
bēgānþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
bēgaiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
bēgaiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
bēgānþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
bēgānþi (active indicative plural third-person)
bēgānþau (active imperative plural third-person)
bēgānþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
bēgadǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
bēgadēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
bēgadēz (active indicative second-person singular)
bēgadēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
bēgadē (active indicative singular third-person)
bēgadēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
bēgadēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
bēgadēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
bēgadēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
bēgadēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
bēgadēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
bēgadēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
bēgadēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
bēgadēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
bēgadēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
bēgadēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
bēgāndz (active participle present)
bēgadaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *bāgēn
Old Saxon: *bāgōn
Middle Low German: bâgen, bôgen
Old High German: bāgēn
Middle High German: bāgen, pāgen (merged with Old High German bāgan)
German: bagen
Bavarian: bägen
⇒ Alemannic German: bägeren, bägern

Old Norse: bága

Faroese: bága


sīn

Old English: sīen

Old Frisian: sēn

Old Saxon: sīn

Middle Low German: sîn

Old Dutch: sīn

Dutch: zijn

Old High German: sīn

Alemannic German: siige

Cimbrian: zèinan

German: seien

Old Norse: sé

Icelandic: séu

Old Swedish: sē

third-person plural present active subjunctive of *wesaną


taisaną

taisō (active first-person indicative singular)
taisaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
taisai (first-person indicative passive singular)
taisizi (active indicative second-person singular)
taisaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tais (active imperative second-person singular)
taisazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
taisaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
taisidi (active indicative singular third-person)
taisai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
taisadau (active imperative singular third-person)
taisadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
taisaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
taisōz (active dual first-person indicative)
taisaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
taisadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
taisaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
taisadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
taisamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
taisaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
taisandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
taisaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
taisid (active indicative plural second-person)
taisaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
taisid (active imperative plural second-person)
taisandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
taisaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
taisandi (active indicative plural third-person)
taisain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
taisandau (active imperative plural third-person)
taisandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
taisaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
tetais (active first-person indicative singular)
tetaizį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tetaist (active indicative second-person singular)
tetaizīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tetais (active indicative singular third-person)
tetaizī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tetaizū (active dual first-person indicative)
tetaizīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tetaizudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tetaizīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tetaizum (active first-person indicative plural)
tetaizīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tetaizud (active indicative plural second-person)
tetaizīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tetaizun (active indicative plural third-person)
tetaizīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
taisandz (active participle present)
taizanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *taisan
Old English: *tāsan
Middle English: tosen, tose, toson
English: tose, toze, toase, toaze (obsolete)
⇒ Middle English: totosen
Old High German: zeisan
Middle High German: zeisen
German: zeisen

From Proto-Indo-European *deh₂y- (“to separate, divide”).


skraudaną

skraudō (active first-person indicative singular)
skraudaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skraudai (first-person indicative passive singular)
skraudizi (active indicative second-person singular)
skraudaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skraud (active imperative second-person singular)
skraudazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
skraudaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
skraudidi (active indicative singular third-person)
skraudai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skraudadau (active imperative singular third-person)
skraudadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
skraudaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
skraudōz (active dual first-person indicative)
skraudaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skraudadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skraudaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skraudadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
skraudamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
skraudaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skraudandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
skraudaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
skraudid (active indicative plural second-person)
skraudaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skraudid (active imperative plural second-person)
skraudandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
skraudaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
skraudandi (active indicative plural third-person)
skraudain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skraudandau (active imperative plural third-person)
skraudandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
skraudaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
skeskraud (active first-person indicative singular)
skeskraudį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skeskraust (active indicative second-person singular)
skeskraudīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skeskraud (active indicative singular third-person)
skeskraudī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skeskraudū (active dual first-person indicative)
skeskraudīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skeskraududiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skeskraudīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skeskraudum (active first-person indicative plural)
skeskraudīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skeskraudud (active indicative plural second-person)
skeskraudīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skeskraudun (active indicative plural third-person)
skeskraudīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skraudandz (active participle present)
skraudanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *skraudan
Old Frisian: skrēda
Old Saxon: *skrōdan
Middle Low German: schrôden, schrâden
German Low German: schraden
Old Dutch: *scrōdan
Middle Dutch: schrôden
Dutch: schrooien
Old High German: skrōtan
Middle High German: schrōten
Alemannic German: schroote
German: schroten

From Proto-Indo-European *skrówdʰ-e-ti, from *skrewdʰ- (“to cut, shred”); cognate with Lithuanian skriaudùs (“blunt, insulting; torrential; brittle”). The root may be an extension of a root *skrew- (“to cut; cutting tool”), itself an extension of *(s)ker- (“to cut”).


timrijaną

timrijō (active first-person indicative singular)
timrijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
timrijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
timrīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
timrijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
timrī (active imperative second-person singular)
timrijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
timrijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
timrīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
timrijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
timrijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
timrijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
timrijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
timrijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
timrijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
timrijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
timrijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
timrijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
timrijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
timrijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
timrijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
timrijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
timrīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
timrijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
timrīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
timrijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
timrijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
timrijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
timrijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
timrijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
timrijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
timrijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
timridǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
timridēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
timridēz (active indicative second-person singular)
timridēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
timridē (active indicative singular third-person)
timridēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
timridēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
timridēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
timridēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
timridēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
timridēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
timridēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
timridēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
timridēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
timridēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
timridēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
timrijandz (active participle present)
timridaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *timrijan
Old English: timbran
Middle English: timbren
English: timber
Old Frisian: timbra
Old Saxon: timbrian
Middle Low German: timberen, timmeren
Old Dutch: timbren
Middle Dutch: timmeren
Dutch: timmeren
Afrikaans: timmer
Old High German: zimbaren
Middle High German: zimbern
German: zimmern

Gothic: 𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 (timrjan)


nīþijaną

nīþijō (active first-person indicative singular)
nīþijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
nīþijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
nīþīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
nīþijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
nīþī (active imperative second-person singular)
nīþijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
nīþijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
nīþīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
nīþijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
nīþijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
nīþijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
nīþijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
nīþijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
nīþijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
nīþijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
nīþijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
nīþijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
nīþijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
nīþijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
nīþijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
nīþijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
nīþīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
nīþijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
nīþīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
nīþijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
nīþijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
nīþijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
nīþijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
nīþijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
nīþijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
nīþijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
nīþidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
nīþidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
nīþidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
nīþidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
nīþidē (active indicative singular third-person)
nīþidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
nīþidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
nīþidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
nīþidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
nīþidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
nīþidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
nīþidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
nīþidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
nīþidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
nīþidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
nīþidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
nīþijandz (active participle present)
nīþidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *nīþijan
Old English: nīþan
Middle English: nīthen
English: nithe
Old Saxon: *nīthian
Middle Low German: nīden
Low German: nieden
Old Dutch: nīthen
Middle Dutch: niden
Dutch: nijden
Old High German: nīden
Middle High German: nīden
German: neiden

Old Norse: níða

Icelandic: níða

From *nīþą (“hate, envy, malice”) + *-janą.


dwaljaną

dwaljō (active first-person indicative singular)
dwaljaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
dwaljai (first-person indicative passive singular)
dwalisi (active indicative second-person singular)
dwaljais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
dwali (active imperative second-person singular)
dwaljasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
dwaljaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
dwaliþi (active indicative singular third-person)
dwaljai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
dwaljaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
dwaljaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
dwaljaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
dwaljōs (active dual first-person indicative)
dwaljaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
dwaljaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
dwaljaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
dwaljaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
dwaljamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
dwaljaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
dwaljanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
dwaljainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
dwaliþ (active indicative plural second-person)
dwaljaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
dwaliþ (active imperative plural second-person)
dwaljanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
dwaljainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
dwaljanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
dwaljain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
dwaljanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
dwaljanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
dwaljainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
dwalidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
dwalidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
dwalidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
dwalidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
dwalidē (active indicative singular third-person)
dwalidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
dwalidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
dwalidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
dwalidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
dwalidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
dwalidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
dwalidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
dwalidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
dwalidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
dwalidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
dwalidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
dwaljandz (active participle present)
dwalidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *dwalljan
Old English: dwellan
Middle English: dwellen, duell, duelle, dwel, dwell, dwelle, dwellyn, dweylle
English: dwell
Scots: dwall
Old Saxon: *dwellian
Old Dutch: *dwellen
Middle Dutch: dwellen
Limburgish: dwelle
Old High German: twellen
Middle High German: twellen

Old Norse: dvelja

Icelandic: dvelja

Norwegian Nynorsk: dvelja

Danish: dvæle

Swedish: dväljas

From *dwalaz (“confused, stunned, foolish, misled, mad”) + *-janą (“factitive suffix”), additionally conflated with *dwelaną (“to err”) + *-janą (“causative suffix”), both ultimately from the same origin.


swērāną

swērō (active first-person indicative singular)
swēraisi (active indicative second-person singular)
swērai (active imperative second-person singular)
swērāsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
swēraiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
swērāþau (active imperative singular third-person)
swērāþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
swērōs (active dual first-person indicative)
swērāþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swērāþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
swērāmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
swērānþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
swēraiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
swēraiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
swērānþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
swērānþi (active indicative plural third-person)
swērānþau (active imperative plural third-person)
swērānþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
swēradǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
swēradēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swēradēz (active indicative second-person singular)
swēradēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swēradē (active indicative singular third-person)
swēradēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swēradēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
swēradēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swēradēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swēradēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swēradēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
swēradēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swēradēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
swēradēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swēradēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
swēradēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swērāndz (active participle present)
swēradaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *swārēn
Old Frisian: swēria
West Frisian: swierje
Old Saxon: *swāron
Middle Low German: swāren
Old Dutch: *swāron
Middle Dutch: swâren (merged with the descendant of *swārijan)
Dutch: zwaren (archaic)
Old High German: swārēn
Middle High German: swāren
⇒ Old High German: anairswārēn

Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍂𐌰𐌽 (swērān)

From both *swēraz (“heavy”) + *-āną (“stative-fientive suffix”) and *swēraz (“heavy”) + *-āną (“factitive suffix”).


stamrōną

stamrō (active first-person indicative singular)
stamrǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stamrōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
stamrōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
stamrōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stamrō (active imperative second-person singular)
stamrōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
stamrōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
stamrōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
stamrō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stamrōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
stamrōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
stamrōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
stamrōs (active dual first-person indicative)
stamrōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stamrōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stamrōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stamrōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
stamrōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
stamrōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stamrōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
stamrōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
stamrōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
stamrōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stamrōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
stamrōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
stamrōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
stamrōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
stamrōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stamrōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
stamrōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
stamrōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
stamrōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
stamrōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stamrōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
stamrōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stamrōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
stamrōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stamrōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
stamrōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stamrōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stamrōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stamrōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
stamrōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stamrōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
stamrōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stamrōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
stamrōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stamrōndz (active participle present)
stamrōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *stamrōn

Old English: stamerian

Middle English: stameren

English: stammer

Old Saxon: stamarōn

Middle Low German: stameren, stammeren

Old Dutch: *stamarōn

Middle Dutch: stameren

Dutch: stameren

Old Norse: *stamra

Norwegian: stamra (dialectal)

Derived from *stammaz (“stammering”) + *-rōną.


þawjaną

þawjō (active first-person indicative singular)
þawjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þawjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
þawisi (active indicative second-person singular)
þawjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þawi (active imperative second-person singular)
þawjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
þawjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
þawiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
þawjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þawjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
þawjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
þawjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
þawjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
þawjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þawjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þawjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þawjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
þawjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
þawjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þawjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
þawjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
þawiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
þawjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þawiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
þawjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
þawjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
þawjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
þawjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þawjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
þawjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
þawjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
þawidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
þawidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þawidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
þawidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þawidē (active indicative singular third-person)
þawidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þawidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
þawidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þawidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þawidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þawidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
þawidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þawidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
þawidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þawidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
þawidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þawjandz (active participle present)
þawidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *þauwjan
Old English: þawian
Middle English: thawen, thowen
English: thaw
Scots: thow
Old Frisian: *thēia
West Frisian: teie
Old Saxon: *thouwian, thōian
Middle Low German: douwen, dôien, deyen
German Low German: deien
Old Dutch: *thōien
Middle Dutch: dôyen
Dutch: dooien
Old High German: thouwen
Middle High German: douwen
⇒ Middle High German: touwen (merged with *dawwāną)
German: tauen
⇒ Old High German: firthouwen
Middle High German: verdouwen
German: verdauen

Old Norse: þeyja

Icelandic: þeyja

Faroese: toyggja, toya

Norwegian: tøya

Swedish: töa

Danish: tø

From Proto-Indo-European *teh₂- (“to melt”).


hūkaną

hūkō (active first-person indicative singular)
hūkaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hūkai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hūkizi (active indicative second-person singular)
hūkaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hūk (active imperative second-person singular)
hūkazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hūkaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hūkidi (active indicative singular third-person)
hūkai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hūkadau (active imperative singular third-person)
hūkadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hūkaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hūkōz (active dual first-person indicative)
hūkaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hūkadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hūkaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hūkadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hūkamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hūkaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hūkandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hūkaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hūkid (active indicative plural second-person)
hūkaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hūkid (active imperative plural second-person)
hūkandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hūkaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hūkandi (active indicative plural third-person)
hūkain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hūkandau (active imperative plural third-person)
hūkandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hūkaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hauk (active first-person indicative singular)
hukį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hauht (active indicative second-person singular)
hukīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hauk (active indicative singular third-person)
hukī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hukū (active dual first-person indicative)
hukīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hukudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hukīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hukum (active first-person indicative plural)
hukīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hukud (active indicative plural second-person)
hukīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hukun (active indicative plural third-person)
hukīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hūkandz (active participle present)
hukanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *hūkan
Westphalian: hûken
Old Dutch: *hūkan
Middle Dutch: hūken
Dutch: huiken
Old High German: hūhhan
Middle High German: hūchen

Old Norse: húka

Faroese: húka

Old Swedish: húka

From an earlier *hūkkaną, itself back-formed from *hukkōną (“to squat, sit hunched, cower”).


stōjaną

stōjō (active first-person indicative singular)
stōjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stōjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
stōisi (active indicative second-person singular)
stōjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stōi (active imperative second-person singular)
stōjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
stōjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
stōiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
stōjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stōjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
stōjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
stōjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
stōjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
stōjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stōjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stōjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stōjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
stōjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
stōjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stōjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
stōjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
stōiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
stōjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stōiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
stōjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
stōjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
stōjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
stōjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stōjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
stōjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
stōjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
stōidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
stōidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stōidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
stōidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stōidē (active indicative singular third-person)
stōidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stōidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
stōidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stōidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stōidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stōidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
stōidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stōidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
stōidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stōidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
stōidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stōjandz (active participle present)
stōidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *stōjan
Old Saxon: *stōwian
Middle Low German: stôwen, stouwen, stö̂uwen, stawen, steuwen, stûwen
German Low German: stauen
→ Swedish: stuva
Old Dutch: *stōwen
Middle Dutch: stôwen, stouwen
Dutch: stuwen, stouwen
Old High German: stouwen
Middle High German: stouwen, stöuwen, stouen, stöuen, stoun
German: stauen

Gothic: 𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌾𐌰𐌽 (stōjan, “to judge”)

From Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂éyeti (“to cause to stand”) or from *stōō (“a place, location, stowage”) + *-janą.


stōrijaną

stōrijō (active first-person indicative singular)
stōrijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stōrijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
stōrīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
stōrijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stōrī (active imperative second-person singular)
stōrijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
stōrijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
stōrīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
stōrijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stōrijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
stōrijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
stōrijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
stōrijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
stōrijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stōrijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stōrijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stōrijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
stōrijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
stōrijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stōrijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
stōrijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
stōrīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
stōrijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stōrīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
stōrijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
stōrijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
stōrijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
stōrijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stōrijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
stōrijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
stōrijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
stōridǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
stōridēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stōridēz (active indicative second-person singular)
stōridēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stōridē (active indicative singular third-person)
stōridēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stōridēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
stōridēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stōridēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stōridēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stōridēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
stōridēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stōridēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
stōridēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stōridēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
stōridēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stōrijandz (active participle present)
stōridaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *stōrijan
Old Frisian: stēra
North Frisian: stiere

Old Norse: stǿra

Icelandic: stæra

From *stōraz (“big, large, strong”) + *-janą.


kībaną

kībō (active first-person indicative singular)
kībaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
kībai (first-person indicative passive singular)
kībizi (active indicative second-person singular)
kībaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
kīb (active imperative second-person singular)
kībazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
kībaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
kībidi (active indicative singular third-person)
kībai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
kībadau (active imperative singular third-person)
kībadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
kībaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
kībōz (active dual first-person indicative)
kībaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
kībadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
kībaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
kībadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
kībamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
kībaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
kībandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
kībaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
kībid (active indicative plural second-person)
kībaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
kībid (active imperative plural second-person)
kībandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
kībaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
kībandi (active indicative plural third-person)
kībain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
kībandau (active imperative plural third-person)
kībandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
kībaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
kaib (active first-person indicative singular)
kibį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
kaift (active indicative second-person singular)
kibīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
kaib (active indicative singular third-person)
kibī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
kibū (active dual first-person indicative)
kibīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
kibudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
kibīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
kibum (active first-person indicative plural)
kibīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
kibud (active indicative plural second-person)
kibīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
kibun (active indicative plural third-person)
kibīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
kībandz (active participle present)
kibanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *kīban
Old Frisian: zīvia
Old Saxon: *kīvan
Middle Low German: kîven
Old Dutch: *kīvan
Middle Dutch: kiven
Dutch: kijven
Afrikaans: kyf
Old High German: *kīban
Middle High German: kīben
German: keifen (influenced by Low and West Central German)

Old Norse: kífa

Icelandic: kífa

Swedish: kiva

Danish: kives

From Proto-Indo-European *geybʰ- (“to quarrel, dispute”). Cognate with Lithuanian gei̇̃bti (“to weaken”).


trimpaną

trimpō (active first-person indicative singular)
trimpaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
trimpai (first-person indicative passive singular)
trimpizi (active indicative second-person singular)
trimpaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
trimp (active imperative second-person singular)
trimpazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
trimpaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
trimpidi (active indicative singular third-person)
trimpai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
trimpadau (active imperative singular third-person)
trimpadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
trimpaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
trimpōz (active dual first-person indicative)
trimpaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
trimpadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
trimpaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
trimpadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
trimpamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
trimpaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
trimpandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
trimpaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
trimpid (active indicative plural second-person)
trimpaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
trimpid (active imperative plural second-person)
trimpandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
trimpaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
trimpandi (active indicative plural third-person)
trimpain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
trimpandau (active imperative plural third-person)
trimpandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
trimpaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
tramp (active first-person indicative singular)
trumpį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tramft (active indicative second-person singular)
trumpīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tramp (active indicative singular third-person)
trumpī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
trumpū (active dual first-person indicative)
trumpīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
trumpudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
trumpīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
trumpum (active first-person indicative plural)
trumpīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
trumpud (active indicative plural second-person)
trumpīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
trumpun (active indicative plural third-person)
trumpīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
trimpandz (active participle present)
trumpanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Gothic: *𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌼𐍀𐌰𐌽 (*trimpan)

Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌼𐍀𐌰𐌽 (anatrimpan)


traustijaną

traustijō (active first-person indicative singular)
traustijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
traustijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
traustīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
traustijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
traustī (active imperative second-person singular)
traustijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
traustijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
traustīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
traustijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
traustijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
traustijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
traustijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
traustijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
traustijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
traustijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
traustijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
traustijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
traustijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
traustijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
traustijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
traustijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
traustīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
traustijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
traustīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
traustijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
traustijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
traustijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
traustijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
traustijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
traustijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
traustijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
traustidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
traustidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
traustidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
traustidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
traustidē (active indicative singular third-person)
traustidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
traustidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
traustidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
traustidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
traustidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
traustidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
traustidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
traustidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
traustidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
traustidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
traustidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
traustijandz (active participle present)
traustidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *traustijan
Old Frisian: trāsta
Saterland Frisian: traaste
West Frisian: treaste
Old Saxon: trōstian
Middle Low German: trôsten, trö̂sten
Middle Low German: tröösten
Old Dutch: trōsten
Middle Dutch: trôosten
Dutch: troosten
Afrikaans: troos
Old High German: trōsten
Middle High German: trœsten
German: trösten

Old Norse: treysta

Icelandic: treysta

Faroese: troysta

Swedish: trösta

→⇒ Old French: triste, tristre

Middle French: triste

French: triste

Norman: triste

→ Middle English: trist, tryst

English: tryst

Scots: tryst

From *traustaz (“firm, reliable”) + *-janą or *traustą (“aid, shelter”) + *-janą.


trumpōną

trumpō (active first-person indicative singular)
trumpǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
trumpōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
trumpōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
trumpōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
trumpō (active imperative second-person singular)
trumpōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
trumpōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
trumpōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
trumpō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
trumpōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
trumpōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
trumpōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
trumpōs (active dual first-person indicative)
trumpōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
trumpōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
trumpōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
trumpōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
trumpōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
trumpōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
trumpōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
trumpōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
trumpōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
trumpōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
trumpōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
trumpōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
trumpōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
trumpōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
trumpōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
trumpōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
trumpōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
trumpōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
trumpōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
trumpōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
trumpōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
trumpōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
trumpōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
trumpōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
trumpōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
trumpōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
trumpōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
trumpōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
trumpōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
trumpōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
trumpōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
trumpōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
trumpōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
trumpōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
trumpōndz (active participle present)
trumpōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *trumpōn

Old Dutch: *trumpōn

Middle Dutch: trompen

Old High German: *trumpfōn

Middle High German: trumpfen

Old Norse:

Norwegian: trumpa (dialectal)

From pre-Germanic *truppōną, from a nasal suffix/infix paradigm *dr̥bʰ-néh₂- ~ *dr-n̥-bʰ- (cf. *trappōną (“to trample”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *drebʰ- (“to tread, step, trip”).

der

Brill Publishers
Germanic parent language


þwinhaną

þwinhō (active first-person indicative singular)
þwinhaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þwinhai (first-person indicative passive singular)
þwinhizi (active indicative second-person singular)
þwinhaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þwinh (active imperative second-person singular)
þwinhazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
þwinhaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
þwinhidi (active indicative singular third-person)
þwinhai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þwinhadau (active imperative singular third-person)
þwinhadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
þwinhaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
þwinhōz (active dual first-person indicative)
þwinhaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þwinhadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þwinhaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þwinhadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
þwinhamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
þwinhaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þwinhandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
þwinhaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
þwinhid (active indicative plural second-person)
þwinhaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þwinhid (active imperative plural second-person)
þwinhandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
þwinhaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
þwinhandi (active indicative plural third-person)
þwinhain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þwinhandau (active imperative plural third-person)
þwinhandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
þwinhaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
þwanh (active first-person indicative singular)
þwungį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þwanht (active indicative second-person singular)
þwungīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þwanh (active indicative singular third-person)
þwungī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þwungū (active dual first-person indicative)
þwungīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þwungudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þwungīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þwungum (active first-person indicative plural)
þwungīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þwungud (active indicative plural second-person)
þwungīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þwungun (active indicative plural third-person)
þwungīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þwinhandz (active participle present)
þwunganaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *þwingan
Old Frisian: thwinga
Old Saxon: thwingan
Middle Low German: dwingen
Old Dutch: *thwingan
Middle Dutch: dwingen
Dutch: dwingen
Old High German: dwingan
Middle High German: dwingen, twingen
German: zwingen

Old Norse: þvinga
Icelandic: þvinga
Faroese: tvinga
Old Swedish: þvinga
Swedish: tvinga
Old Danish: thwingæ
Danish: tvinge
Norwegian:
Norwegian Bokmål: tvinge
Norwegian Nynorsk: tvinga, tvinge
→ Middle English: twingen

/ˈθwĩː.xɑ.nɑ̃/

From Proto-Indo-European *twenk- (“to squeeze, press, pack; pressure”). Cognate with Tocharian A twāṅkā- (“to wear”), Lithuanian tveñkti (“to dam up”).


witōdaz

witōdaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
witōdō (feminine nominative singular strong)
witōdą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
witōdai (masculine nominative plural strong)
witōdôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
witōdō (neuter nominative plural strong)
witōdanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
witōdǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
witōdą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
witōdanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
witōdōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
witōdō (accusative neuter plural strong)
witōdas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
witōdaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
witōdas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
witōdaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
witōdaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
witōdaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
witōdammai (dative masculine singular strong)
witōdaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
witōdammai (dative neuter singular strong)
witōdaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
witōdaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
witōdaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
witōdanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
witōdaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
witōdanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
witōdaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
witōdaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
witōdaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
witōdô (masculine nominative singular weak)
witōdǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
witōdô (neuter nominative singular weak)
witōdaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
witōdōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
witōdōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
witōdanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
witōdōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
witōdô (accusative neuter singular weak)
witōdanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
witōdōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
witōdōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
witōdiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
witōdōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
witōdiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
witōdanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
witōdōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
witōdanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
witōdini (dative masculine singular weak)
witōdōni (dative feminine singular weak)
witōdini (dative neuter singular weak)
witōdammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
witōdōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
witōdammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
witōdinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
witōdōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
witōdinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
witōdammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
witōdōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
witōdammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *witōd
Old English: witod, weoted, weotod, wited, wuted
Old Saxon: witod

Old Norse: *vitaðr

⇒ Old Norse: vísvitaðr

Icelandic: vísvitaður

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


gasitjaną

gasitjō (active first-person indicative singular)
gasitjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gasitjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
gasitisi (active indicative second-person singular)
gasitjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gasiti (active imperative second-person singular)
gasitjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gasitjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gasitiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
gasitjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gasitjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
gasitjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gasitjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gasitjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
gasitjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gasitjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gasitjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gasitjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gasitjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gasitjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gasitjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gasitjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gasitiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
gasitjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gasitiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
gasitjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gasitjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gasitjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
gasitjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gasitjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
gasitjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gasitjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gasat (active first-person indicative singular)
gasētį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gasast (active indicative second-person singular)
gasētīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gasat (active indicative singular third-person)
gasētī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gasētū (active dual first-person indicative)
gasētīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gasētudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gasētīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gasētum (active first-person indicative plural)
gasētīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gasētud (active indicative plural second-person)
gasētīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gasētun (active indicative plural third-person)
gasētīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gasitjandz (active participle present)
gasetanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *gasittjan
Old English: gesittan
Middle English: isitten
Old Saxon: gisittian
Old Dutch: gisitten
Middle Dutch: gesitten
Dutch: gezitten (obsolete)
Old High German: gisizzen
Middle High German: gesitzen
German: gesitzen (archaic)

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (gasitan)


swōganą

swōgō (active first-person indicative singular)
swōgaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swōgai (first-person indicative passive singular)
swōgizi (active indicative second-person singular)
swōgaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swōg (active imperative second-person singular)
swōgazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
swōgaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
swōgidi (active indicative singular third-person)
swōgai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swōgadau (active imperative singular third-person)
swōgadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
swōgaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
swōgōz (active dual first-person indicative)
swōgaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swōgadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swōgaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swōgadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
swōgamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
swōgaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swōgandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
swōgaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
swōgid (active indicative plural second-person)
swōgaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swōgid (active imperative plural second-person)
swōgandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
swōgaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
swōgandi (active indicative plural third-person)
swōgain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swōgandau (active imperative plural third-person)
swōgandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
swōgaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
seswōg (active first-person indicative singular)
seswōgį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
seswōht (active indicative second-person singular)
seswōgīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
seswōg (active indicative singular third-person)
seswōgī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
seswōgū (active dual first-person indicative)
seswōgīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
seswōgudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
seswōgīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
seswōgum (active first-person indicative plural)
seswōgīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
seswōgud (active indicative plural second-person)
seswōgīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
seswōgun (active indicative plural third-person)
seswōgīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swōgandz (active participle present)
swōganaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *swōgan
Old English: swōgan, swœ̄gan
Middle English: swoȝen, swowen, swough, swogh, *sough
English: sough

Old Norse: svagla

Gothic: *𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌰𐌽 (*swōgan)

⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaswōgjan)

⇒ Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (swōgatjan)

⇒ Gothic: 𐌿𐍆𐍃𐍅𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ufswōgjan)

From Proto-Indo-European *sweh₂gʰ-. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἠχή (ēkhḗ).

/ˈswɔː.ɣɑ.nɑ̃/


witāną

witō (active first-person indicative singular)
witaisi (active indicative second-person singular)
witai (active imperative second-person singular)
witāsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
witaiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
witāþau (active imperative singular third-person)
witāþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
witōs (active dual first-person indicative)
witāþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
witāþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
witāmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
witānþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
witaiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
witaiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
witānþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
witānþi (active indicative plural third-person)
witānþau (active imperative plural third-person)
witānþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
witadǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
witadēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
witadēz (active indicative second-person singular)
witadēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
witadē (active indicative singular third-person)
witadēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
witadēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
witadēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
witadēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
witadēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
witadēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
witadēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
witadēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
witadēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
witadēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
witadēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
witāndz (active participle present)
witadaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *witēn

Old English: *witian

⇒ Old English: biwitian

Old High German: *wizzēn

desc

Old High German: intwizzēn, irwizzēn, unwizzēn

Old Norse: vita

Danish: vide

Faroese: vita

Icelandic: vita

Norwegian Bokmål: vite

Norwegian Nynorsk: vita, vite

Swedish: veta

Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (witān)


blikōną

blikō (active first-person indicative singular)
blikǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
blikōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
blikōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
blikōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
blikō (active imperative second-person singular)
blikōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
blikōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
blikōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
blikō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
blikōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
blikōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
blikōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
blikōs (active dual first-person indicative)
blikōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
blikōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
blikōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
blikōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
blikōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
blikōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
blikōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
blikōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
blikōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
blikōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
blikōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
blikōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
blikōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
blikōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
blikōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
blikōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
blikōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
blikōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
blikōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
blikōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
blikōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
blikōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
blikōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
blikōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
blikōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
blikōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
blikōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
blikōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
blikōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
blikōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
blikōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
blikōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
blikōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
blikōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
blikōndz (active participle present)
blikōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *blikōn

Old English: blician

Middle English: bliken

Old Norse: blika

Icelandic: blika


hwītijaną

hwītijō (active first-person indicative singular)
hwītijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hwītijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hwītīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
hwītijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hwītī (active imperative second-person singular)
hwītijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hwītijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hwītīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hwītijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hwītijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hwītijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hwītijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hwītijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hwītijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hwītijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hwītijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hwītijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hwītijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hwītijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hwītijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hwītijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hwītīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hwītijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hwītīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hwītijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hwītijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hwītijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hwītijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hwītijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hwītijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hwītijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hwītidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hwītidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hwītidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hwītidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hwītidē (active indicative singular third-person)
hwītidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hwītidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hwītidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hwītidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hwītidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hwītidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hwītidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hwītidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hwītidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hwītidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hwītidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hwītijandz (active participle present)
hwītidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *hwītijan
Old English: hwītan
Middle English: whīten
English: white
Old Saxon: *hwītian
Middle Low German: witten
Old Dutch: *wīten
Middle Dutch: witten
Dutch: witten
Old High German: wīzen
Middle High German: wīzen
German: weißen

Gothic: *𐍈𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*ƕeitjan)

⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍈𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaƕeitjan)


markijaną

markijō (active first-person indicative singular)
markijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
markijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
markīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
markijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
markī (active imperative second-person singular)
markijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
markijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
markīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
markijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
markijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
markijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
markijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
markijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
markijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
markijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
markijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
markijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
markijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
markijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
markijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
markijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
markīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
markijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
markīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
markijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
markijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
markijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
markijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
markijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
markijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
markijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
markidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
markidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
markidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
markidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
markidē (active indicative singular third-person)
markidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
markidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
markidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
markidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
markidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
markidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
markidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
markidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
markidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
markidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
markidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
markijandz (active participle present)
markidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *markijan
Old Frisian: merka
West Frisian: merke
Old Saxon: merkian
Middle Low German: merken
Low German: merken
⇒ Old Saxon: tesamnamerkian
Old Dutch: merken
Middle Dutch: merken
Dutch: merken
Afrikaans: merk
Old High German: merken
Middle High German: merken
German: merken
Hunsrik: merrke

Old Norse: merkja

Icelandic: merkja

Faroese: merkja


frawītaną

frawītō (active first-person indicative singular)
frawītaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
frawītai (first-person indicative passive singular)
frawītizi (active indicative second-person singular)
frawītaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
frawīt (active imperative second-person singular)
frawītazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
frawītaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
frawītidi (active indicative singular third-person)
frawītai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
frawītadau (active imperative singular third-person)
frawītadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
frawītaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
frawītōz (active dual first-person indicative)
frawītaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
frawītadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
frawītaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
frawītadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
frawītamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
frawītaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
frawītandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
frawītaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
frawītid (active indicative plural second-person)
frawītaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
frawītid (active imperative plural second-person)
frawītandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
frawītaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
frawītandi (active indicative plural third-person)
frawītain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
frawītandau (active imperative plural third-person)
frawītandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
frawītaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
frawait (active first-person indicative singular)
frawitį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
frawaist (active indicative second-person singular)
frawitīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
frawait (active indicative singular third-person)
frawitī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
frawitū (active dual first-person indicative)
frawitīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
frawitudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
frawitīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
frawitum (active first-person indicative plural)
frawitīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
frawitud (active indicative plural second-person)
frawitīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
frawitun (active indicative plural third-person)
frawitīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
frawītandz (active participle present)
frawitanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *frawītan
Old Frisian: forwīta
Saterland Frisian: ferwiete
Old Saxon: *farwītan
Middle Low German: vorwîten
German Low German: verwieten
Old Dutch: farwītan
Middle Dutch: verwiten
Dutch: verwijten
Old High German: firwīzan
Middle High German: verwīzen
German: verweisen (partially)

Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (fraweitan)


gawrekaną

gawrekō (active first-person indicative singular)
gawrekaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gawrekai (first-person indicative passive singular)
gawrikizi (active indicative second-person singular)
gawrekaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gawrek (active imperative second-person singular)
gawrekazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gawrekaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gawrikidi (active indicative singular third-person)
gawrekai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gawrekadau (active imperative singular third-person)
gawrekadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gawrekaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gawrekōz (active dual first-person indicative)
gawrekaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gawrekadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gawrekaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gawrekadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gawrekamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gawrekaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gawrekandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gawrekaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gawrikid (active indicative plural second-person)
gawrekaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gawrikid (active imperative plural second-person)
gawrekandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gawrekaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gawrekandi (active indicative plural third-person)
gawrekain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gawrekandau (active imperative plural third-person)
gawrekandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gawrekaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gawrak (active first-person indicative singular)
gawrēkį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gawraht (active indicative second-person singular)
gawrēkīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gawrak (active indicative singular third-person)
gawrēkī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gawrēkū (active dual first-person indicative)
gawrēkīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gawrēkudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gawrēkīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gawrēkum (active first-person indicative plural)
gawrēkīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gawrēkud (active indicative plural second-person)
gawrēkīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gawrēkun (active indicative plural third-person)
gawrēkīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gawrekandz (active participle present)
gawrekanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *gawrekan

Old English: ġewrecan

Middle English: iwreken

Old High German: *girehhan

desc

⇒ Old High German: girih (“revenge, punishment”)

Middle High German: girich

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 (gawrikan)


gawerpaną

gawerpō (active first-person indicative singular)
gawerpaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gawerpai (first-person indicative passive singular)
gawirpizi (active indicative second-person singular)
gawerpaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gawerp (active imperative second-person singular)
gawerpazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gawerpaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gawirpidi (active indicative singular third-person)
gawerpai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gawerpadau (active imperative singular third-person)
gawerpadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gawerpaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gawerpōz (active dual first-person indicative)
gawerpaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gawerpadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gawerpaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gawerpadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gawerpamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gawerpaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gawerpandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gawerpaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gawirpid (active indicative plural second-person)
gawerpaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gawirpid (active imperative plural second-person)
gawerpandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gawerpaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gawerpandi (active indicative plural third-person)
gawerpain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gawerpandau (active imperative plural third-person)
gawerpandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gawerpaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gawarp (active first-person indicative singular)
gawurpį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gawarft (active indicative second-person singular)
gawurpīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gawarp (active indicative singular third-person)
gawurpī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gawurpū (active dual first-person indicative)
gawurpīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gawurpudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gawurpīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gawurpum (active first-person indicative plural)
gawurpīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gawurpud (active indicative plural second-person)
gawurpīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gawurpun (active indicative plural third-person)
gawurpīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gawerpandz (active participle present)
gawurpanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *gawerpan
Old English: ġeweorpan
Middle English: iwerpen
Old High German: giwerfan
Middle High German: gewërfen
German: gewerfen (archaic)

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍀𐌰𐌽 (gawairpan)


gawinnaną

gawinnō (active first-person indicative singular)
gawinnaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gawinnai (first-person indicative passive singular)
gawinnizi (active indicative second-person singular)
gawinnaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gawinn (active imperative second-person singular)
gawinnazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gawinnaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gawinnidi (active indicative singular third-person)
gawinnai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gawinnadau (active imperative singular third-person)
gawinnadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gawinnaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gawinnōz (active dual first-person indicative)
gawinnaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gawinnadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gawinnaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gawinnadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gawinnamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gawinnaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gawinnandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gawinnaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gawinnid (active indicative plural second-person)
gawinnaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gawinnid (active imperative plural second-person)
gawinnandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gawinnaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gawinnandi (active indicative plural third-person)
gawinnain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gawinnandau (active imperative plural third-person)
gawinnandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gawinnaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gawann (active first-person indicative singular)
gawunnį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gawannt (active indicative second-person singular)
gawunnīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gawann (active indicative singular third-person)
gawunnī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gawunnū (active dual first-person indicative)
gawunnīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gawunnudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gawunnīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gawunnum (active first-person indicative plural)
gawunnīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gawunnud (active indicative plural second-person)
gawunnīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gawunnun (active indicative plural third-person)
gawunnīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gawinnandz (active participle present)
gawunnanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *gawinnan

Old English: ġewinnan
Middle English: iwinnen

Old Frisian: gewinna

Old Saxon: giwinnan
Middle Low German: gewinnen

Old Dutch: giwinnan
Middle Dutch: gewinnen
Dutch: gewinnen

Old High German: giwinnan, giƿinnan — Manuscript form
Middle High German: gewinnen
Cimbrian: gabènnan
German: gewinnen

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (gawinnan)


sterkaną

sterkō (active first-person indicative singular)
sterkaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
sterkai (first-person indicative passive singular)
stirkizi (active indicative second-person singular)
sterkaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
sterk (active imperative second-person singular)
sterkazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
sterkaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
stirkidi (active indicative singular third-person)
sterkai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sterkadau (active imperative singular third-person)
sterkadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
sterkaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
sterkōz (active dual first-person indicative)
sterkaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sterkadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sterkaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sterkadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
sterkamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
sterkaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sterkandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
sterkaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
stirkid (active indicative plural second-person)
sterkaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stirkid (active imperative plural second-person)
sterkandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
sterkaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
sterkandi (active indicative plural third-person)
sterkain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sterkandau (active imperative plural third-person)
sterkandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
sterkaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
stark (active first-person indicative singular)
sturkį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
starht (active indicative second-person singular)
sturkīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stark (active indicative singular third-person)
sturkī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
sturkū (active dual first-person indicative)
sturkīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
sturkudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
sturkīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
sturkum (active first-person indicative plural)
sturkīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
sturkud (active indicative plural second-person)
sturkīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
sturkun (active indicative plural third-person)
sturkīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
sterkandz (active participle present)
sturkanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *sterkan

Old High German: *sterkan

desc

⇒ Old High German: gistorkan (“reinforced”, past participle)

⇒ Old Norse: *storkinn (past participle)

⇒ Old Norse: blōðstorkinn (“of stiff blood”)

A lost strong verb, attested only in its past participle, related to *starkuz (“stiff, strong”).


starāną

starō (active first-person indicative singular)
staraisi (active indicative second-person singular)
starai (active imperative second-person singular)
starāsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
staraiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
starāþau (active imperative singular third-person)
starāþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
starōs (active dual first-person indicative)
starāþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
starāþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
starāmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
starānþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
staraiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
staraiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
starānþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
starānþi (active indicative plural third-person)
starānþau (active imperative plural third-person)
starānþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
staradǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
staradēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
staradēz (active indicative second-person singular)
staradēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
staradē (active indicative singular third-person)
staradēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
staradēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
staradēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
staradēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
staradēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
staradēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
staradēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
staradēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
staradēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
staradēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
staradēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
starāndz (active participle present)
staradaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *starēn
Old English: starian
Middle English: stāren
English: stare
Old Saxon: starrōn
Middle Low German: starren, staren
Old Dutch: *staron
Middle Dutch: stāren
Dutch: staren
Afrikaans: staar
Limburgish: staore
Old High German: starēn
Middle High German: staren
German: starren

Old Norse: stara
Icelandic: stara
Faroese: stara
Norwegian Nynorsk: stara

A verbal formation related to *staraz (“stiff”), that is, "look at rigidly" > "stare".