See wrōgijaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "frawrōgijaną" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "wrōgislą" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*wrōgijan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wrōgijan\nOld English: wrēġan\nMiddle English: wreyen, wrayen\nScots: wre, wry, wray\nEnglish: wray\nOld Frisian: wrēia\nOld Saxon: wrōgian\nMiddle Low German: wrȫgen, wrugen, rȫgen\nGerman Low German: wrögen\nOld Dutch: *wruogen\nMiddle Dutch: wroegen\nDutch: wroegen\nOld High German: ruogen\nMiddle High German: ruogen\nGerman: rügen", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wrōgijan\nOld English: wrēġan\nMiddle English: wreyen, wrayen\nScots: wre, wry, wray\nEnglish: wray\nOld Frisian: wrēia\nOld Saxon: wrōgian\nMiddle Low German: wrȫgen, wrugen, rȫgen\nGerman Low German: wrögen\nOld Dutch: *wruogen\nMiddle Dutch: wroegen\nDutch: wroegen\nOld High German: ruogen\nMiddle High German: ruogen\nGerman: rügen" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "rœgja" }, "expansion": "Old Norse: rœgja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Norse: rœgja" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "rægja" }, "expansion": "Icelandic: rægja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Icelandic: rægja" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-osw", "2": "røghia", "alt": "rø̄ghia" }, "expansion": "Old Swedish: rø̄ghia", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Swedish: rø̄ghia" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "röja" }, "expansion": "Swedish: röja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Swedish: röja" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐍅𐍂𐍉𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽" }, "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍅𐍂𐍉𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (wrōhjan)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gothic: 𐍅𐍂𐍉𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (wrōhjan)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*werh₁-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*wrōk-", "4": "", "5": "speech, complaint" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wrōk- (“speech, complaint”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*werh₁-", "t": "to speak, say, tell" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werh₁- (“to speak, say, tell”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "врать", "3": "", "4": "to lie, fib" }, "expansion": "Russian врать (vratʹ, “to lie, fib”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wrōk- (“speech, complaint”), from Proto-Indo-European *werh₁- (“to speak, say, tell”). Cognate with Russian врать (vratʹ, “to lie, fib”).", "forms": [ { "form": "weak", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-wk1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgīsi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijais", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijasai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaisau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgīþi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaiþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijōs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaiw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaiþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijamaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaim", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijanþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijainþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgīþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaiþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgīþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijanþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijainþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijanþi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijanþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijanþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijainþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijandz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "wrōg", "j": "ij" }, "name": "gem-conj-wk1" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wrōgijaną", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "to tell, speak, proclaim, shout" ], "id": "en-wrōgijaną-gem-pro-verb-h3OV1VeF", "links": [ [ "tell", "tell" ], [ "speak", "speak" ], [ "proclaim", "proclaim" ], [ "shout", "shout" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "44 56", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "27 73", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "43 57", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to accuse" ], "id": "en-wrōgijaną-gem-pro-verb-y9xomrpC", "links": [ [ "accuse", "accuse" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈwrɔː.ɣi.jɑ.nɑ̃/" } ], "word": "wrōgijaną" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Germanic class 1 weak verbs", "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Germanic lemmas", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *werh₁-", "Proto-Germanic verbs" ], "derived": [ { "word": "frawrōgijaną" }, { "word": "wrōgislą" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*wrōgijan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wrōgijan\nOld English: wrēġan\nMiddle English: wreyen, wrayen\nScots: wre, wry, wray\nEnglish: wray\nOld Frisian: wrēia\nOld Saxon: wrōgian\nMiddle Low German: wrȫgen, wrugen, rȫgen\nGerman Low German: wrögen\nOld Dutch: *wruogen\nMiddle Dutch: wroegen\nDutch: wroegen\nOld High German: ruogen\nMiddle High German: ruogen\nGerman: rügen", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wrōgijan\nOld English: wrēġan\nMiddle English: wreyen, wrayen\nScots: wre, wry, wray\nEnglish: wray\nOld Frisian: wrēia\nOld Saxon: wrōgian\nMiddle Low German: wrȫgen, wrugen, rȫgen\nGerman Low German: wrögen\nOld Dutch: *wruogen\nMiddle Dutch: wroegen\nDutch: wroegen\nOld High German: ruogen\nMiddle High German: ruogen\nGerman: rügen" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "rœgja" }, "expansion": "Old Norse: rœgja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Norse: rœgja" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "rægja" }, "expansion": "Icelandic: rægja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Icelandic: rægja" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-osw", "2": "røghia", "alt": "rø̄ghia" }, "expansion": "Old Swedish: rø̄ghia", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Swedish: rø̄ghia" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "röja" }, "expansion": "Swedish: röja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Swedish: röja" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐍅𐍂𐍉𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽" }, "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍅𐍂𐍉𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (wrōhjan)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gothic: 𐍅𐍂𐍉𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (wrōhjan)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*werh₁-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*wrōk-", "4": "", "5": "speech, complaint" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wrōk- (“speech, complaint”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*werh₁-", "t": "to speak, say, tell" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werh₁- (“to speak, say, tell”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "врать", "3": "", "4": "to lie, fib" }, "expansion": "Russian врать (vratʹ, “to lie, fib”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wrōk- (“speech, complaint”), from Proto-Indo-European *werh₁- (“to speak, say, tell”). Cognate with Russian врать (vratʹ, “to lie, fib”).", "forms": [ { "form": "weak", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-wk1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgīsi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijais", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijasai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaisau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgīþi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaiþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijōs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaiw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaiþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijamaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaim", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijanþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijainþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgīþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijaiþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgīþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijanþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijainþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijanþi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijanþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijanþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijainþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidēdīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrōgijandz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "wrōgidaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "wrōg", "j": "ij" }, "name": "gem-conj-wk1" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wrōgijaną", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "to tell, speak, proclaim, shout" ], "links": [ [ "tell", "tell" ], [ "speak", "speak" ], [ "proclaim", "proclaim" ], [ "shout", "shout" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "glosses": [ "to accuse" ], "links": [ [ "accuse", "accuse" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈwrɔː.ɣi.jɑ.nɑ̃/" } ], "word": "wrōgijaną" }
Download raw JSONL data for wrōgijaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (9.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d49d402 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.