See trumpōną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for trumpōną meaning in Proto-Germanic (9.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*trumpōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *trumpōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *trumpōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*trumpōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *trumpōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *trumpōn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "trompen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: trompen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: trompen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*trumpfōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *trumpfōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *trumpfōn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "trumpfen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: trumpfen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: trumpfen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "trumpa",
"pos": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: trumpa (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: trumpa (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*drebʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pre-Germanic",
"name": "pre-Germanic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*drebʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to tread, step, trip"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *drebʰ- (“to tread, step, trip”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pre-Germanic *truppōną, from a nasal suffix/infix paradigm *dr̥bʰ-néh₂- ~ *dr-n̥-bʰ- (cf. *trappōną (“to trample”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *drebʰ- (“to tread, step, trip”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōsau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōndz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trump"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/trumpōną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to step"
],
"id": "en-trumpōną-gem-pro-verb-E1k-7Uaj",
"links": [
[
"step",
"step"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "trampaną"
},
{
"word": "trappōną"
},
{
"word": "trimpaną"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Germanic parent language"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrum.pɔː.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "trumpōną"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*trumpōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *trumpōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *trumpōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*trumpōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *trumpōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *trumpōn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "trompen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: trompen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: trompen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*trumpfōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *trumpfōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *trumpfōn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "trumpfen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: trumpfen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: trumpfen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "trumpa",
"pos": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: trumpa (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: trumpa (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*drebʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pre-Germanic",
"name": "pre-Germanic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*drebʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to tread, step, trip"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *drebʰ- (“to tread, step, trip”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pre-Germanic *truppōną, from a nasal suffix/infix paradigm *dr̥bʰ-néh₂- ~ *dr-n̥-bʰ- (cf. *trappōną (“to trample”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *drebʰ- (“to tread, step, trip”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōsau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōndz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "trumpōdaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trump"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/trumpōną",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "trampaną"
},
{
"word": "trappōną"
},
{
"word": "trimpaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic class 2 weak iterative verbs",
"Proto-Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *drebʰ-",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Germanic terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Proto-Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to step"
],
"links": [
[
"step",
"step"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Germanic parent language"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrum.pɔː.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "trumpōną"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (d4b8e84 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.