"swartijaną" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See swartijaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈswɑr.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology: From *swartaz (“black”) + *-janą. Etymology templates: {{suffix|gem-pro|*swartaz|*-janą|id2=factitive|t1=black}} *swartaz (“black”) + *-janą Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-wk1|swart|j=ij}} Forms: weak [table-tags], swartijō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], swartijaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], swartijai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], swartīsi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], swartijais [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], swartī [active, imperative, second-person, singular], swartijasai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], swartijaisau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], swartīþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], swartijai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], swartijaþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], swartijaþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], swartijaiþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], swartijōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], swartijaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], swartijaþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], swartijaiþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], swartijaþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], swartijamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], swartijaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], swartijanþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], swartijainþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], swartīþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], swartijaiþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], swartīþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], swartijanþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], swartijainþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], swartijanþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], swartijain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], swartijanþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], swartijanþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], swartijainþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], swartidǭ [active, first-person, indicative, singular], swartidēdį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], swartidēz [active, indicative, second-person, singular], swartidēdīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], swartidē [active, indicative, singular, third-person], swartidēdī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], swartidēdū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], swartidēdīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], swartidēdudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], swartidēdīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], swartidēdum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], swartidēdīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], swartidēdud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], swartidēdīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], swartidēdun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], swartidēdīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], swartijandz [active, participle, present], swartidaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to make black, to blacken Tags: reconstruction Related terms: swartōną
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*swartijan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *swartijan\nOld Saxon: *swertian\nMiddle Low German: swerten\nOld Dutch: *swerten\nMiddle Dutch: swerten, swarten (conflated with *swartōn and *swartēn)\nDutch: zwarten\nOld High German: swerzen\nMiddle High German: swerzen\nGerman: schwärzen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *swartijan\nOld Saxon: *swertian\nMiddle Low German: swerten\nOld Dutch: *swerten\nMiddle Dutch: swerten, swarten (conflated with *swartōn and *swartēn)\nDutch: zwarten\nOld High German: swerzen\nMiddle High German: swerzen\nGerman: schwärzen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "*sverta"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: *sverta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: *sverta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "sverta"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: sverta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: sverta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "sverta"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: sverta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: sverta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "sverte"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: sverte",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: sverte"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "sverte"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: sverte",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: sverte, sverta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "svärta"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: svärta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: svärta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "*𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: *𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*swartjan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: *𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*swartjan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌶𐌻",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌶𐌻 (swartizl)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌶𐌻 (swartizl)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*swartaz",
        "3": "*-janą",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "*swartaz (“black”) + *-janą",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *swartaz (“black”) + *-janą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartīsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartīþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartīþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartīþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "swart",
        "j": "ij"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swartijaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (factitive)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make black, to blacken"
      ],
      "id": "en-swartijaną-gem-pro-verb-Tsd9HF~E",
      "links": [
        [
          "black",
          "black"
        ],
        [
          "blacken",
          "blacken"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "swartōną"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈswɑr.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "swartijaną"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*swartijan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *swartijan\nOld Saxon: *swertian\nMiddle Low German: swerten\nOld Dutch: *swerten\nMiddle Dutch: swerten, swarten (conflated with *swartōn and *swartēn)\nDutch: zwarten\nOld High German: swerzen\nMiddle High German: swerzen\nGerman: schwärzen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *swartijan\nOld Saxon: *swertian\nMiddle Low German: swerten\nOld Dutch: *swerten\nMiddle Dutch: swerten, swarten (conflated with *swartōn and *swartēn)\nDutch: zwarten\nOld High German: swerzen\nMiddle High German: swerzen\nGerman: schwärzen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "*sverta"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: *sverta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: *sverta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "sverta"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: sverta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: sverta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "sverta"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: sverta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: sverta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "sverte"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: sverte",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: sverte"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "sverte"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: sverte",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: sverte, sverta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "svärta"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: svärta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: svärta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "*𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: *𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*swartjan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: *𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*swartjan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌶𐌻",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌶𐌻 (swartizl)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌶𐌻 (swartizl)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*swartaz",
        "3": "*-janą",
        "id2": "factitive",
        "t1": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "*swartaz (“black”) + *-janą",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *swartaz (“black”) + *-janą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartīsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartīþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartīþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartīþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartijandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "swartidaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "swart",
        "j": "ij"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swartijaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "swartōną"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (factitive)",
        "Proto-Germanic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make black, to blacken"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "black",
          "black"
        ],
        [
          "blacken",
          "blacken"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈswɑr.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "swartijaną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for swartijaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (9.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.