See swōtijaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for swōtijaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (9.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*swōtijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *swōtijan\nOld English: swētan\nMiddle English: sweten\nEnglish: sweet\nOld Frisian: *swēta\n⇒ Old Frisian: *swētia (changed to a class 2 verb)\nSaterland Frisian: swäitje\nWest Frisian: swietje, swietsje\nOld Saxon: *swōtian\nMiddle Low German: sȫten\nGerman Low German: söten\nOld Dutch: *suoten\nMiddle Dutch: soeten\nDutch: zoeten\nOld High German: suozen\nMiddle High German: süezen\nBavarian: siaßn\nGerman: süßen\nYiddish: זיסן (zisn)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *swōtijan\nOld English: swētan\nMiddle English: sweten\nEnglish: sweet\nOld Frisian: *swēta\n⇒ Old Frisian: *swētia (changed to a class 2 verb)\nSaterland Frisian: swäitje\nWest Frisian: swietje, swietsje\nOld Saxon: *swōtian\nMiddle Low German: sȫten\nGerman Low German: söten\nOld Dutch: *suoten\nMiddle Dutch: soeten\nDutch: zoeten\nOld High German: suozen\nMiddle High German: süezen\nBavarian: siaßn\nGerman: süßen\nYiddish: זיסן (zisn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "*sœta",
"3": "*sǿta"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: *sœta, *sǿta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: *sœta, *sǿta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sæta"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: sæta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: sæta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "søta"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: søta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: søta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "söta"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: söta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: söta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "søde"
},
"expansion": "Danish: søde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: søde"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*swōtuz",
"3": "*-janą",
"id2": "factitive",
"t1": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "*swōtuz (“sweet”) + *-janą",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *swōtuz (“sweet”) + *-janą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtīsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijais",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijasai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaisau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtīþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaiþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaiþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijanþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijainþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtīþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtīþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijanþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijainþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijanþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijanþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijanþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijainþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swōt",
"j": "ij"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk1"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swōtijaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (factitive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sweeten"
],
"id": "en-swōtijaną-gem-pro-verb-Jap-gAtT",
"links": [
[
"sweeten",
"sweeten"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈswɔː.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "swōtijaną"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*swōtijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *swōtijan\nOld English: swētan\nMiddle English: sweten\nEnglish: sweet\nOld Frisian: *swēta\n⇒ Old Frisian: *swētia (changed to a class 2 verb)\nSaterland Frisian: swäitje\nWest Frisian: swietje, swietsje\nOld Saxon: *swōtian\nMiddle Low German: sȫten\nGerman Low German: söten\nOld Dutch: *suoten\nMiddle Dutch: soeten\nDutch: zoeten\nOld High German: suozen\nMiddle High German: süezen\nBavarian: siaßn\nGerman: süßen\nYiddish: זיסן (zisn)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *swōtijan\nOld English: swētan\nMiddle English: sweten\nEnglish: sweet\nOld Frisian: *swēta\n⇒ Old Frisian: *swētia (changed to a class 2 verb)\nSaterland Frisian: swäitje\nWest Frisian: swietje, swietsje\nOld Saxon: *swōtian\nMiddle Low German: sȫten\nGerman Low German: söten\nOld Dutch: *suoten\nMiddle Dutch: soeten\nDutch: zoeten\nOld High German: suozen\nMiddle High German: süezen\nBavarian: siaßn\nGerman: süßen\nYiddish: זיסן (zisn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "*sœta",
"3": "*sǿta"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: *sœta, *sǿta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: *sœta, *sǿta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sæta"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: sæta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: sæta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "søta"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: søta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: søta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "söta"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: söta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: söta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "søde"
},
"expansion": "Danish: søde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: søde"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*swōtuz",
"3": "*-janą",
"id2": "factitive",
"t1": "sweet"
},
"expansion": "*swōtuz (“sweet”) + *-janą",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *swōtuz (“sweet”) + *-janą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtīsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijais",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijasai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaisau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtīþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaiþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaiþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijanþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijainþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtīþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijaiþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtīþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijanþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijainþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijanþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijanþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijanþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijainþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtijandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swōtidaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swōt",
"j": "ij"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk1"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swōtijaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (factitive)",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to sweeten"
],
"links": [
[
"sweeten",
"sweeten"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈswɔː.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "swōtijaną"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (91e95e7 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.