See sprekaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*sprekan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *sprekan\nOld English: sprecan, spreocan, spræcan, specan\nMiddle English: speken\nEnglish: speak\nScots: speke, speik\nOld Frisian: spreka\nSaterland Frisian: spreke\nWest Frisian: sprekke\nOld Saxon: sprekan\nMiddle Low German: sprēken\nLow German: spreken\nPlautdietsch: spräakjen\nOld Dutch: sprecan\nMiddle Dutch: sprēken\nDutch: spreken\nLimburgish: spraeke\nOld High German: sprehhan, sprechan\nMiddle High German: sprëchen\nCentral Franconian: sjprèche\nGerman: sprechen\n→ Czech: šprechtit\n→ Polish: szprechać\n→ Serbo-Croatian: šprȅhati／шпре̏хати\n→ Ukrainian: шпрехати (šprexaty)\nHunsrik: spreche\nLuxembourgish: spriechen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *sprekan\nOld English: sprecan, spreocan, spræcan, specan\nMiddle English: speken\nEnglish: speak\nScots: speke, speik\nOld Frisian: spreka\nSaterland Frisian: spreke\nWest Frisian: sprekke\nOld Saxon: sprekan\nMiddle Low German: sprēken\nLow German: spreken\nPlautdietsch: spräakjen\nOld Dutch: sprecan\nMiddle Dutch: sprēken\nDutch: spreken\nLimburgish: spraeke\nOld High German: sprehhan, sprechan\nMiddle High German: sprëchen\nCentral Franconian: sjprèche\nGerman: sprechen\n→ Czech: šprechtit\n→ Polish: szprechać\n→ Serbo-Croatian: šprȅhati／шпре̏хати\n→ Ukrainian: шпрехати (šprexaty)\nHunsrik: spreche\nLuxembourgish: spriechen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*spregʰ-",
"t": "to crackle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spregʰ- (“to crackle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "spraka",
"t": "to crackle, patter"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse spraka (“to crackle, patter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "spragė́ti",
"t": "to crackle, patter"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian spragė́ti (“to crackle, patter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*spreg-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spreg-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "shpreh",
"t": "to express, voice"
},
"expansion": "Albanian shpreh (“to express, voice”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from a Proto-Indo-European *spregʰ- (“to crackle”), and cognate with Old Norse spraka (“to crackle, patter”), Lithuanian spragė́ti (“to crackle, patter”). Alternatively, suggested to be from a Proto-Indo-European *spreg- on the basis of Albanian shpreh (“to express, voice”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "5",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprikizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprikidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekadau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekadai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprikid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprikid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "spraht",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sprek",
"2": "sprak",
"3": "sprēk",
"4": "sprek",
"class": "5"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sprekaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bisprekaną"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to speak"
],
"id": "en-sprekaną-gem-pro-verb-TKdixBly",
"links": [
[
"speak",
"speak"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspre.kɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "sprekaną"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "bisprekaną"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*sprekan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *sprekan\nOld English: sprecan, spreocan, spræcan, specan\nMiddle English: speken\nEnglish: speak\nScots: speke, speik\nOld Frisian: spreka\nSaterland Frisian: spreke\nWest Frisian: sprekke\nOld Saxon: sprekan\nMiddle Low German: sprēken\nLow German: spreken\nPlautdietsch: spräakjen\nOld Dutch: sprecan\nMiddle Dutch: sprēken\nDutch: spreken\nLimburgish: spraeke\nOld High German: sprehhan, sprechan\nMiddle High German: sprëchen\nCentral Franconian: sjprèche\nGerman: sprechen\n→ Czech: šprechtit\n→ Polish: szprechać\n→ Serbo-Croatian: šprȅhati／шпре̏хати\n→ Ukrainian: шпрехати (šprexaty)\nHunsrik: spreche\nLuxembourgish: spriechen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *sprekan\nOld English: sprecan, spreocan, spræcan, specan\nMiddle English: speken\nEnglish: speak\nScots: speke, speik\nOld Frisian: spreka\nSaterland Frisian: spreke\nWest Frisian: sprekke\nOld Saxon: sprekan\nMiddle Low German: sprēken\nLow German: spreken\nPlautdietsch: spräakjen\nOld Dutch: sprecan\nMiddle Dutch: sprēken\nDutch: spreken\nLimburgish: spraeke\nOld High German: sprehhan, sprechan\nMiddle High German: sprëchen\nCentral Franconian: sjprèche\nGerman: sprechen\n→ Czech: šprechtit\n→ Polish: szprechać\n→ Serbo-Croatian: šprȅhati／шпре̏хати\n→ Ukrainian: шпрехати (šprexaty)\nHunsrik: spreche\nLuxembourgish: spriechen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*spregʰ-",
"t": "to crackle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spregʰ- (“to crackle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "spraka",
"t": "to crackle, patter"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse spraka (“to crackle, patter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "spragė́ti",
"t": "to crackle, patter"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian spragė́ti (“to crackle, patter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*spreg-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spreg-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "shpreh",
"t": "to express, voice"
},
"expansion": "Albanian shpreh (“to express, voice”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from a Proto-Indo-European *spregʰ- (“to crackle”), and cognate with Old Norse spraka (“to crackle, patter”), Lithuanian spragė́ti (“to crackle, patter”). Alternatively, suggested to be from a Proto-Indo-European *spreg- on the basis of Albanian shpreh (“to express, voice”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "5",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprikizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprikidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekadau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekadai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprikid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprikid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "spraht",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprēkīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sprekanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sprek",
"2": "sprak",
"3": "sprēk",
"4": "sprek",
"class": "5"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sprekaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic class 5 strong verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic verbs",
"gem-pro:Talking"
],
"glosses": [
"to speak"
],
"links": [
[
"speak",
"speak"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspre.kɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "sprekaną"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sprekaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (9.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.