"skaþjaną" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See skaþjaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈskɑθ.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology: From Pre-Germanic *skh₁tH-ye-ti, perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *(s)keh₁t- (“damage, harm”). See *skaþô (“damage”) for more cognates. Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*(s)keh₁t-|t=damage, harm}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)keh₁t- (“damage, harm”) Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-st-j|skaþ|skōd|skōd|skad|class=6|j=j}} Forms: strong [table-tags], skaþjō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], skaþjaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], skaþjai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], skaþisi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], skaþjais [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], skaþi [active, imperative, second-person, singular], skaþjasai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], skaþjaisau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], skaþiþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], skaþjai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], skaþjaþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], skaþjaþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], skaþjaiþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], skaþjōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], skaþjaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], skaþjaþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], skaþjaiþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], skaþjaþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], skaþjamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], skaþjaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], skaþjanþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], skaþjainþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], skaþiþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], skaþjaiþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], skaþiþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], skaþjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], skaþjainþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], skaþjanþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], skaþjain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], skaþjanþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], skaþjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], skaþjainþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], skōd [active, first-person, indicative, singular], skōdį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], skōst [active, indicative, second-person, singular], skōdīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], skōd [active, indicative, singular, third-person], skōdī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], skōdū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], skōdīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], skōdudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], skōdīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], skōdum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], skōdīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], skōdud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], skōdīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], skōdun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], skōdīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], skaþjandz [active, participle, present], skadanaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to mar; damage Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-skaþjaną-gem-pro-verb-VkE98iRp Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 78 22 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 93 7 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 90 10
  2. to injure; hurt Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-skaþjaną-gem-pro-verb-mq8yVay5
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: skaþô, skaþōną, skōdą, skōdiz
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*skaþþjan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *skaþþjan\nOld English: sċeþþan, sċieþþan\nMiddle English: sceþþen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *skaþþjan\nOld English: sċeþþan, sċieþþan\nMiddle English: sceþþen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "skeðja"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: skeðja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: skeðja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "skeðja"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: skeðja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: skeðja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Norwegian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Norwegian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "skade"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: skade",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: skade"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "skade",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skade, ska (short form), skada (long form with a or cleft infinitive)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skade, ska (short form), skada (long form with a or cleft infinitive)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "oskadd",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "unscathed"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Swedish: oskadd (“unscathed”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Swedish: oskadd (“unscathed”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "uskadt",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "unscathed"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Danish: uskadt (“unscathed”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Danish: uskadt (“unscathed”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (skaþjan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (skaþjan)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)keh₁t-",
        "t": "damage, harm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)keh₁t- (“damage, harm”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *skh₁tH-ye-ti, perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *(s)keh₁t- (“damage, harm”). See *skaþô (“damage”) for more cognates.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st-j",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6 j-present",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōst",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skadanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "skaþ",
        "2": "skōd",
        "3": "skōd",
        "4": "skad",
        "class": "6",
        "j": "j"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st-j"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skaþjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "skaþô"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "skaþōną"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "skōdą"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "skōdiz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "78 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "93 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "90 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to mar; damage"
      ],
      "id": "en-skaþjaną-gem-pro-verb-VkE98iRp",
      "links": [
        [
          "mar",
          "mar"
        ],
        [
          "damage",
          "damage"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to injure; hurt"
      ],
      "id": "en-skaþjaną-gem-pro-verb-mq8yVay5",
      "links": [
        [
          "injure",
          "injure"
        ],
        [
          "hurt",
          "hurt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈskɑθ.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "skaþjaną"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic class 6 strong j-present verbs",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*skaþþjan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *skaþþjan\nOld English: sċeþþan, sċieþþan\nMiddle English: sceþþen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *skaþþjan\nOld English: sċeþþan, sċieþþan\nMiddle English: sceþþen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "skeðja"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: skeðja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: skeðja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "skeðja"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: skeðja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: skeðja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Norwegian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Norwegian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "skade"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: skade",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: skade"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "skade",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skade, ska (short form), skada (long form with a or cleft infinitive)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skade, ska (short form), skada (long form with a or cleft infinitive)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "oskadd",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "unscathed"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Swedish: oskadd (“unscathed”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Swedish: oskadd (“unscathed”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "uskadt",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "unscathed"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Danish: uskadt (“unscathed”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Danish: uskadt (“unscathed”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (skaþjan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (skaþjan)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)keh₁t-",
        "t": "damage, harm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)keh₁t- (“damage, harm”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *skh₁tH-ye-ti, perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *(s)keh₁t- (“damage, harm”). See *skaþô (“damage”) for more cognates.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st-j",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6 j-present",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōst",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skōdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skaþjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skadanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "skaþ",
        "2": "skōd",
        "3": "skōd",
        "4": "skad",
        "class": "6",
        "j": "j"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st-j"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skaþjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "skaþô"
    },
    {
      "word": "skaþōną"
    },
    {
      "word": "skōdą"
    },
    {
      "word": "skōdiz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to mar; damage"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mar",
          "mar"
        ],
        [
          "damage",
          "damage"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to injure; hurt"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "injure",
          "injure"
        ],
        [
          "hurt",
          "hurt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈskɑθ.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "skaþjaną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for skaþjaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (9.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.