See serþaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*serþan",
"3": "*serdan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *serþan, *serdan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *serþan, *serdan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "seorþan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: seorþan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: seorþan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "serden"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: serden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: serden"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sard"
},
"expansion": "English: sard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sard"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sard"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sard"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*serthan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *serthan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *serthan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "serden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: serden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: serden"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*serthan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *serthan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *serthan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "serden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: serden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: serden"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zeerden"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: zeerden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: zeerden"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sertan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: sertan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: sertan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "serten"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: serten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: serten"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "serten"
},
"expansion": "German: serten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: serten"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "serða"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: serða",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: serða"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "serða"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: serða",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: serða"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sert-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hit (?); to rub against, move obliquely against"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sert- (“to hit (?); to rub against, move obliquely against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒊬𒋫𒄿",
"t": "to wipe, rub",
"tr": "šar-ta-i"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒊬𒋫𒄿 (šar-ta-i, “to wipe, rub”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "serth",
"3": "",
"4": "obscene"
},
"expansion": "Welsh serth (“obscene”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Kroonen reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *sert- (“to hit (?); to rub against, move obliquely against”). Compare Hittite 𒊬𒋫𒄿 (šar-ta-i, “to wipe, rub”) and perhaps Welsh serth (“obscene”). Kloekhorst meanwhile argues for *serdʰH- based on Hittite.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "serþō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sirþizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "serþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serþazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sirþidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþadau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþadai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "serþadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "serþadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "serþamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serþandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sirþid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sirþid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "serþandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sarþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sarst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sarþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "surdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "surdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "surdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "surdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "surdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "surdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "surdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "surdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "surdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "surdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "surdanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "serþ",
"2": "sarþ",
"3": "surd",
"4": "surd",
"class": "3"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/serþaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hit; to violate sexually (apparently linked with rape, homosexuality and bestiality)"
],
"id": "en-serþaną-gem-pro-verb-3QNkuBWh",
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"violate",
"violate"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "surtōną"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "serdaną"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈser.θɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "serþaną"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*serþan",
"3": "*serdan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *serþan, *serdan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *serþan, *serdan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "seorþan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: seorþan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: seorþan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "serden"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: serden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: serden"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sard"
},
"expansion": "English: sard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sard"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sard"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sard"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*serthan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *serthan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *serthan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "serden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: serden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: serden"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*serthan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *serthan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *serthan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "serden"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: serden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: serden"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zeerden"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: zeerden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: zeerden"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sertan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: sertan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: sertan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "serten"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: serten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: serten"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "serten"
},
"expansion": "German: serten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: serten"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "serða"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: serða",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: serða"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "serða"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: serða",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: serða"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sert-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hit (?); to rub against, move obliquely against"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sert- (“to hit (?); to rub against, move obliquely against”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒊬𒋫𒄿",
"t": "to wipe, rub",
"tr": "šar-ta-i"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒊬𒋫𒄿 (šar-ta-i, “to wipe, rub”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "serth",
"3": "",
"4": "obscene"
},
"expansion": "Welsh serth (“obscene”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Kroonen reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *sert- (“to hit (?); to rub against, move obliquely against”). Compare Hittite 𒊬𒋫𒄿 (šar-ta-i, “to wipe, rub”) and perhaps Welsh serth (“obscene”). Kloekhorst meanwhile argues for *serdʰH- based on Hittite.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "serþō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sirþizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "serþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serþazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sirþidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþadau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþadai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "serþadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "serþadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "serþamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serþandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sirþid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sirþid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "serþandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sarþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sarst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sarþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "surdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "surdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "surdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "surdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "surdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "surdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "surdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "surdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "surdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "surdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serþandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "surdanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "serþ",
"2": "sarþ",
"3": "surd",
"4": "surd",
"class": "3"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/serþaną",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "surtōną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Germanic class 3 strong verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic verbs",
"gem-pro:Violence"
],
"glosses": [
"to hit; to violate sexually (apparently linked with rape, homosexuality and bestiality)"
],
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"violate",
"violate"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈser.θɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "serdaną"
}
],
"word": "serþaną"
}
Download raw JSONL data for serþaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (10.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.