"saulijaną" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See saulijaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From *saulijǭ (“filth, manure”) or directly from its antecedent Proto-Indo-European *sowl-, a metathetic alteration of *solw- (“dusky, dirty, grey”). Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro||*sowl-}} Proto-Indo-European *sowl- Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-wk1|saul|j=ij}} Forms: weak [table-tags], saulijō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], saulijaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], saulijai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], saulīsi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], saulijais [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], saulī [active, imperative, second-person, singular], saulijasai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], saulijaisau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], saulīþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], saulijai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], saulijaþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], saulijaþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], saulijaiþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], saulijōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], saulijaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], saulijaþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], saulijaiþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], saulijaþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], saulijamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], saulijaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], saulijanþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], saulijainþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], saulīþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], saulijaiþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], saulīþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], saulijanþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], saulijainþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], saulijanþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], saulijain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], saulijanþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], saulijanþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], saulijainþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], saulidǭ [active, first-person, indicative, singular], saulidēdį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], saulidēz [active, indicative, second-person, singular], saulidēdīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], saulidē [active, indicative, singular, third-person], saulidēdī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], saulidēdū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], saulidēdīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], saulidēdudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], saulidēdīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], saulidēdum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], saulidēdīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], saulidēdud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], saulidēdīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], saulidēdun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], saulidēdīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], saulijandz [active, participle, present], saulidaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to make dirty, soil Tags: reconstruction Derived forms: bisaulijaną
    Sense id: en-saulijaną-gem-pro-verb-KlG6UOv- Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*saulijan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *saulijan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *saulijan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*sōlian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *sōlian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *sōlian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "sö̂len"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: sö̂len",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: sö̂len"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "sölen"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: sölen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: sölen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*sōlen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *sōlen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *sōlen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "solen",
            "3": "soelen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: solen, soelen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: solen, soelen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "*seyla"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: *seyla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: *seyla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "søyla"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: søyla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: søyla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "søle"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: søle",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: søle"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "söla"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: söla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: söla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "söla"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: söla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: söla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "søle"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: søle",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: søle"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "*𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: *𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*sauljan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: *𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*sauljan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "soillier",
            "3": "souillier",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old French: soillier, souillier",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alternatively from Proto-West Germanic (i.e. Old Low Frankish) *saulijan"
          },
          "expansion": "(alternatively from Proto-West Germanic (i.e. Old Low Frankish) *saulijan)",
          "name": "gl"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old French: soillier, souillier (alternatively from Proto-West Germanic (i.e. Old Low Frankish) *saulijan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "souiller"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: souiller",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: souiller"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "souiller"
          },
          "expansion": "French: souiller",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: souiller"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*sowl-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sowl-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *saulijǭ (“filth, manure”) or directly from its antecedent Proto-Indo-European *sowl-, a metathetic alteration of *solw- (“dusky, dirty, grey”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulīsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulīþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulīþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulīþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "saul",
        "j": "ij"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/saulijaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "bisaulijaną"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make dirty, soil"
      ],
      "id": "en-saulijaną-gem-pro-verb-KlG6UOv-",
      "links": [
        [
          "dirty",
          "dirty"
        ],
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "saulijaną"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bisaulijaną"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*saulijan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *saulijan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *saulijan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*sōlian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *sōlian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *sōlian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "sö̂len"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: sö̂len",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: sö̂len"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "sölen"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: sölen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: sölen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*sōlen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *sōlen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *sōlen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "solen",
            "3": "soelen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: solen, soelen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: solen, soelen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "*seyla"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: *seyla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: *seyla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "søyla"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: søyla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: søyla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "søle"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: søle",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: søle"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "söla"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: söla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: söla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "söla"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: söla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: söla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "søle"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: søle",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: søle"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "*𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: *𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*sauljan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: *𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*sauljan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "soillier",
            "3": "souillier",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old French: soillier, souillier",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alternatively from Proto-West Germanic (i.e. Old Low Frankish) *saulijan"
          },
          "expansion": "(alternatively from Proto-West Germanic (i.e. Old Low Frankish) *saulijan)",
          "name": "gl"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old French: soillier, souillier (alternatively from Proto-West Germanic (i.e. Old Low Frankish) *saulijan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "souiller"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: souiller",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: souiller"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "souiller"
          },
          "expansion": "French: souiller",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: souiller"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*sowl-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sowl-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *saulijǭ (“filth, manure”) or directly from its antecedent Proto-Indo-European *sowl-, a metathetic alteration of *solw- (“dusky, dirty, grey”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulīsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulīþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulīþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulīþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulijandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "saulidaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "saul",
        "j": "ij"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/saulijaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make dirty, soil"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dirty",
          "dirty"
        ],
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "saulijaną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for saulijaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (10.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.