See mōtaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for mōtaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (9.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*mōtan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *mōtan\nOld English: mōtan\nMiddle English: moten\nScots: mote, mot, moit\nEnglish: mote\n⇒ Old English: mōste (preterite)\nMiddle English: moste\nScots: moste, most, moist\nEnglish: must\nOld Frisian: mōt (present tense)\nSaterland Frisian: moute\nWest Frisian: moatte\nOld Saxon: mōtan\nMiddle Low German: môten, moste (past)\nGerman Low German: möten\n→ Old Swedish: most (late)\nSwedish: måste\nOld Dutch: muotan\nMiddle Dutch: moeten\nDutch: moeten\nAfrikaans: moet\nBerbice Creole Dutch: mu, muti\nNegerhollands: moet, moe, mo, mut\n→ Sranan Tongo: moe\nLimburgish: mótte\nOld High German: muozan\nMiddle High German: muozen, müezen\nAlemannic German: müese, müesse\nBavarian: miassn\nCimbrian: missan\nCentral Franconian: mösse, mosse, moße; misse, mieße, muße, moße\nHunsrik: misse\nLuxembourgish: mussen\nGerman: müssen\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: misse\nYiddish: מוזן (muzn)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *mōtan\nOld English: mōtan\nMiddle English: moten\nScots: mote, mot, moit\nEnglish: mote\n⇒ Old English: mōste (preterite)\nMiddle English: moste\nScots: moste, most, moist\nEnglish: must\nOld Frisian: mōt (present tense)\nSaterland Frisian: moute\nWest Frisian: moatte\nOld Saxon: mōtan\nMiddle Low German: môten, moste (past)\nGerman Low German: möten\n→ Old Swedish: most (late)\nSwedish: måste\nOld Dutch: muotan\nMiddle Dutch: moeten\nDutch: moeten\nAfrikaans: moet\nBerbice Creole Dutch: mu, muti\nNegerhollands: moet, moe, mo, mut\n→ Sranan Tongo: moe\nLimburgish: mótte\nOld High German: muozan\nMiddle High German: muozen, müezen\nAlemannic German: müese, müesse\nBavarian: miassn\nCimbrian: missan\nCentral Franconian: mösse, mosse, moße; misse, mieße, muße, moße\nHunsrik: misse\nLuxembourgish: mussen\nGerman: müssen\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: misse\nYiddish: מוזן (muzn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐌰𐌼𐍉𐍄𐌰𐌽",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐍉𐍄𐌰𐌽 (gamōtan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐍉𐍄𐌰𐌽 (gamōtan)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A preterite-present derived from a secondary perfect of *mḗd-e-ti (“to measure, ensure compliance, take care of”): *me-mṓd-e (literally “to have measured, taken care of”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-pp",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mōt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mōt",
"2": "mōt",
"3": "mōs"
},
"name": "gem-conj-pp"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mōtaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be allowed, to be permitted to, may"
],
"id": "en-mōtaną-gem-pro-verb-cXm~cJU6",
"links": [
[
"allowed",
"allowed"
],
[
"permitted",
"permitted"
],
[
"may",
"may"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɔː.tɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "mōtaną"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*mōtan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *mōtan\nOld English: mōtan\nMiddle English: moten\nScots: mote, mot, moit\nEnglish: mote\n⇒ Old English: mōste (preterite)\nMiddle English: moste\nScots: moste, most, moist\nEnglish: must\nOld Frisian: mōt (present tense)\nSaterland Frisian: moute\nWest Frisian: moatte\nOld Saxon: mōtan\nMiddle Low German: môten, moste (past)\nGerman Low German: möten\n→ Old Swedish: most (late)\nSwedish: måste\nOld Dutch: muotan\nMiddle Dutch: moeten\nDutch: moeten\nAfrikaans: moet\nBerbice Creole Dutch: mu, muti\nNegerhollands: moet, moe, mo, mut\n→ Sranan Tongo: moe\nLimburgish: mótte\nOld High German: muozan\nMiddle High German: muozen, müezen\nAlemannic German: müese, müesse\nBavarian: miassn\nCimbrian: missan\nCentral Franconian: mösse, mosse, moße; misse, mieße, muße, moße\nHunsrik: misse\nLuxembourgish: mussen\nGerman: müssen\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: misse\nYiddish: מוזן (muzn)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *mōtan\nOld English: mōtan\nMiddle English: moten\nScots: mote, mot, moit\nEnglish: mote\n⇒ Old English: mōste (preterite)\nMiddle English: moste\nScots: moste, most, moist\nEnglish: must\nOld Frisian: mōt (present tense)\nSaterland Frisian: moute\nWest Frisian: moatte\nOld Saxon: mōtan\nMiddle Low German: môten, moste (past)\nGerman Low German: möten\n→ Old Swedish: most (late)\nSwedish: måste\nOld Dutch: muotan\nMiddle Dutch: moeten\nDutch: moeten\nAfrikaans: moet\nBerbice Creole Dutch: mu, muti\nNegerhollands: moet, moe, mo, mut\n→ Sranan Tongo: moe\nLimburgish: mótte\nOld High German: muozan\nMiddle High German: muozen, müezen\nAlemannic German: müese, müesse\nBavarian: miassn\nCimbrian: missan\nCentral Franconian: mösse, mosse, moße; misse, mieße, muße, moße\nHunsrik: misse\nLuxembourgish: mussen\nGerman: müssen\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: misse\nYiddish: מוזן (muzn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐌰𐌼𐍉𐍄𐌰𐌽",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐍉𐍄𐌰𐌽 (gamōtan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐍉𐍄𐌰𐌽 (gamōtan)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A preterite-present derived from a secondary perfect of *mḗd-e-ti (“to measure, ensure compliance, take care of”): *me-mṓd-e (literally “to have measured, taken care of”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-pp",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "mōt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōtandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "mōsaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mōt",
"2": "mōt",
"3": "mōs"
},
"name": "gem-conj-pp"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mōtaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic preterite-present verbs",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to be allowed, to be permitted to, may"
],
"links": [
[
"allowed",
"allowed"
],
[
"permitted",
"permitted"
],
[
"may",
"may"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɔː.tɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "mōtaną"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (91e95e7 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.