See kangura- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"alt1": "*gangel",
"alt2": "*gange"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *gangel, *gange",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *gangel, *gange"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gangelwæfre",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"t": "spider"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old English: gangelwæfre f (“spider”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old English: gangelwæfre f (“spider”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gangewifre",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"t": "spider"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old English: gangewifre f (“spider”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old English: gangewifre f (“spider”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kanker",
"g": "m",
"t": "spider",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Middle High German: kanker m (“spider”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Middle High German: kanker m (“spider”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kanker",
"t": "harvestman"
},
"expansion": "German: Kanker (“harvestman”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Kanker (“harvestman”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"alt": "*kǫngur-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: *kǫngur-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: *kǫngur-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kǫngurváfa",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"t": "spider"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: kǫngurváfa f (“spider”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Norse: kǫngurváfa f (“spider”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "könguló",
"alts": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Icelandic: könguló, kónguló",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Icelandic: könguló, kónguló"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "kongro"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: kongro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: kongro"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-jmk",
"2": "kangero"
},
"expansion": "Jamtish: kangero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Jamtish: kangero"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kangro",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: kangro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: kangro"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kankuri",
"bor": "1",
"t": "weaver",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Finnish: kankuri (“weaver”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Finnish: kankuri (“weaver”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kink",
"3": "",
"4": "curl, turn, twist"
},
"expansion": "English kink (“curl, turn, twist”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kengur",
"3": "",
"4": "hook"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kengur (“hook”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "гѫжвица",
"3": "",
"4": "wicker"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic гѫжвица (gǫžvica, “wicker”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "houžev",
"3": "",
"4": "withy"
},
"expansion": "Czech houžev (“withy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gengʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "twist, turn, plait, weave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gengʰ- (“twist, turn, plait, weave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kankuri",
"3": "",
"4": "weaver"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kankuri (“weaver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kangas",
"3": "",
"4": "web"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kangas (“web”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possibly related to English kink (“curl, turn, twist”), Icelandic kengur (“hook”), and if the word is of Indo-European origin, it may be further related to Old Church Slavonic гѫжвица (gǫžvica, “wicker”) and Czech houžev (“withy”), all from Proto-Indo-European *gengʰ- (“twist, turn, plait, weave”). Finnish kankuri (“weaver”) is probably borrowed from Germanic together with Finnish kangas (“web”); alternatively, the present word could be borrowed from Finnish.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangur",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguranz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kangur",
"g": "m",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kangur",
"g": "n",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kangura-",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"net, plait, web"
],
"id": "en-kangura--gem-pro-noun-6JszOfvy",
"links": [
[
"net",
"net"
],
[
"plait",
"plait"
],
[
"web",
"web"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"weaver, spider"
],
"id": "en-kangura--gem-pro-noun-F6zZ7aPP",
"links": [
[
"weaver",
"weaver"
],
[
"spider",
"spider"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑŋ.ɡu.rɑz/"
}
],
"word": "kangura-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Requests for gender in Proto-Germanic entries",
"gem-pro:Weaving"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"alt1": "*gangel",
"alt2": "*gange"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *gangel, *gange",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *gangel, *gange"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gangelwæfre",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"t": "spider"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old English: gangelwæfre f (“spider”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old English: gangelwæfre f (“spider”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gangewifre",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"t": "spider"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old English: gangewifre f (“spider”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old English: gangewifre f (“spider”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kanker",
"g": "m",
"t": "spider",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Middle High German: kanker m (“spider”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Middle High German: kanker m (“spider”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kanker",
"t": "harvestman"
},
"expansion": "German: Kanker (“harvestman”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Kanker (“harvestman”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"alt": "*kǫngur-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: *kǫngur-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: *kǫngur-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kǫngurváfa",
"der": "1",
"g": "f",
"t": "spider"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: kǫngurváfa f (“spider”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Norse: kǫngurváfa f (“spider”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "könguló",
"alts": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Icelandic: könguló, kónguló",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Icelandic: könguló, kónguló"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "kongro"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: kongro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: kongro"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-jmk",
"2": "kangero"
},
"expansion": "Jamtish: kangero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Jamtish: kangero"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kangro",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: kangro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: kangro"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kankuri",
"bor": "1",
"t": "weaver",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Finnish: kankuri (“weaver”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Finnish: kankuri (“weaver”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kink",
"3": "",
"4": "curl, turn, twist"
},
"expansion": "English kink (“curl, turn, twist”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kengur",
"3": "",
"4": "hook"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kengur (“hook”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "гѫжвица",
"3": "",
"4": "wicker"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic гѫжвица (gǫžvica, “wicker”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "houžev",
"3": "",
"4": "withy"
},
"expansion": "Czech houžev (“withy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gengʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "twist, turn, plait, weave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gengʰ- (“twist, turn, plait, weave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kankuri",
"3": "",
"4": "weaver"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kankuri (“weaver”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kangas",
"3": "",
"4": "web"
},
"expansion": "Finnish kangas (“web”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possibly related to English kink (“curl, turn, twist”), Icelandic kengur (“hook”), and if the word is of Indo-European origin, it may be further related to Old Church Slavonic гѫжвица (gǫžvica, “wicker”) and Czech houžev (“withy”), all from Proto-Indo-European *gengʰ- (“twist, turn, plait, weave”). Finnish kankuri (“weaver”) is probably borrowed from Germanic together with Finnish kangas (“web”); alternatively, the present word could be borrowed from Finnish.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangur",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguranz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kangurō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanguramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kangur",
"g": "m",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kangur",
"g": "n",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kangura-",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"net, plait, web"
],
"links": [
[
"net",
"net"
],
[
"plait",
"plait"
],
[
"web",
"web"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"weaver, spider"
],
"links": [
[
"weaver",
"weaver"
],
[
"spider",
"spider"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑŋ.ɡu.rɑz/"
}
],
"word": "kangura-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kangura- meaning in Proto-Germanic (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.