"kalzōną" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See kalzōną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈkɑl.zɔː.nɑ̃/
Etymology: Possibly derived from unattested noun *kalzaz, cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *galsas (“voice”), from hypothetical Proto-Indo-European *golsos. Etymology templates: {{cog|ine-bsl-pro|*galsas|t=voice}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *galsas (“voice”), {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro||*golsos}} Proto-Indo-European *golsos Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-wk2|kalz}} Forms: weak [table-tags], kalzō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], kalzǭ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], kalzōi [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], kalzōsi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], kalzōs [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], kalzō [active, imperative, second-person, singular], kalzōsai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], kalzōsau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], kalzōþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], kalzō [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], kalzōþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], kalzōþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], kalzōþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], kalzōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], kalzōw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], kalzōþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], kalzōþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], kalzōþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], kalzōmaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], kalzōm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], kalzōnþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], kalzōnþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], kalzōþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], kalzōþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], kalzōþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], kalzōnþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], kalzōnþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], kalzōnþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], kalzōn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], kalzōnþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], kalzōnþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], kalzōnþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], kalzōdǭ [active, first-person, indicative, singular], kalzōdēdį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], kalzōdēz [active, indicative, second-person, singular], kalzōdēdīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], kalzōdē [active, indicative, singular, third-person], kalzōdēdī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], kalzōdēdū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], kalzōdēdīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], kalzōdēdudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], kalzōdēdīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], kalzōdēdum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], kalzōdēdīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], kalzōdēdud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], kalzōdēdīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], kalzōdēdun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], kalzōdēdīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], kalzōndz [active, participle, present], kalzōdaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to call, shout Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: reconstruction Related terms: kalsōną
    Sense id: en-kalzōną-gem-pro-verb-2LoK~UEk Categories (other): Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header

Download JSON data for kalzōną meaning in Proto-Germanic (11.7kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*kalʀōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *kalʀōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *kalʀōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "ceallian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: ceallian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: ceallian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "callen",
            "3": "kallen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: callen, kallen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: callen, kallen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "call",
            "3": "caw"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: call, caw",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: call, caw"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "call"
          },
          "expansion": "English: call",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: call"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "kaltia",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old Frisian: kaltia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old Frisian: kaltia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "kella",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Old Frisian: kella",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Old Frisian: kella"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*kallōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *kallōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *kallōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "kallen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: kallen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: kallen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "kallen"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: kallen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: kallen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*kallon"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *kallon",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *kallon"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "callen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: callen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: callen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "kallen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: kallen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: kallen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "li",
            "2": "kalle"
          },
          "expansion": "Limburgish: kalle",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Limburgish: kalle"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "kallōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: kallōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: kallōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "kallen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: kallen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: kallen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bar",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Bavarian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bavarian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cim",
            "2": "khallan"
          },
          "expansion": "Cimbrian: khallan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cimbrian: khallan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-cfr",
            "2": "kalle"
          },
          "expansion": "Central Franconian: kalle",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Franconian: kalle"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "kallen",
            "qq": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "German: kallen (obsolete)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: kallen (obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "kalla"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: kalla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: kalla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "kalla"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: kalla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: kalla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "kalla"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: kalla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: kalla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "kalle",
            "3": "kalla"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: kalle, kalla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: kalle, kalla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "kalla"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: kalla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: kalla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "kalla"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: kalla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: kalla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ovd",
            "2": "kolla"
          },
          "expansion": "Elfdalian: kolla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Elfdalian: kolla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "kalde"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: kalde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: kalde"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*galsas",
        "t": "voice"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *galsas (“voice”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*golsos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *golsos",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly derived from unattested noun *kalzaz, cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *galsas (“voice”), from hypothetical Proto-Indo-European *golsos.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōsai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōsau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōndz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kalz"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kalzōną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to call, shout"
      ],
      "id": "en-kalzōną-gem-pro-verb-2LoK~UEk",
      "links": [
        [
          "call",
          "call"
        ],
        [
          "shout",
          "shout"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "kalsōną"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɑl.zɔː.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kalzōną"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*kalʀōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *kalʀōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *kalʀōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "ceallian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: ceallian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: ceallian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "callen",
            "3": "kallen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: callen, kallen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: callen, kallen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "call",
            "3": "caw"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: call, caw",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: call, caw"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "call"
          },
          "expansion": "English: call",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: call"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "kaltia",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Old Frisian: kaltia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Old Frisian: kaltia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "kella",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Old Frisian: kella",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Old Frisian: kella"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*kallōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *kallōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *kallōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "kallen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: kallen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: kallen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "kallen"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: kallen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: kallen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*kallon"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *kallon",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *kallon"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "callen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: callen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: callen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "kallen"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: kallen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: kallen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "li",
            "2": "kalle"
          },
          "expansion": "Limburgish: kalle",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Limburgish: kalle"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "kallōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: kallōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: kallōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "kallen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: kallen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: kallen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bar",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Bavarian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bavarian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cim",
            "2": "khallan"
          },
          "expansion": "Cimbrian: khallan",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cimbrian: khallan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-cfr",
            "2": "kalle"
          },
          "expansion": "Central Franconian: kalle",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Franconian: kalle"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "kallen",
            "qq": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "German: kallen (obsolete)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: kallen (obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "kalla"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: kalla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: kalla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "kalla"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: kalla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: kalla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "kalla"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: kalla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: kalla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "kalle",
            "3": "kalla"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: kalle, kalla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: kalle, kalla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "kalla"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: kalla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: kalla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "kalla"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: kalla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: kalla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ovd",
            "2": "kolla"
          },
          "expansion": "Elfdalian: kolla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Elfdalian: kolla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "kalde"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: kalde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: kalde"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*galsas",
        "t": "voice"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *galsas (“voice”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*golsos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *golsos",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly derived from unattested noun *kalzaz, cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *galsas (“voice”), from hypothetical Proto-Indo-European *golsos.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōsai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōsau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōndz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalzōdaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kalz"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kalzōną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "kalsōną"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Proto-Germanic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to call, shout"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "call",
          "call"
        ],
        [
          "shout",
          "shout"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɑl.zɔː.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kalzōną"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.