See huppōną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*huppōn",
"3": "*hoppōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *huppōn, *hoppōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *huppōn, *hoppōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hoppian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hoppian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hoppian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hoppen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: hoppen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: hoppen; hobelen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hop"
},
"expansion": "English: hop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hop; hobble"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hop"
},
"expansion": "Scots: hop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: hop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*huppia",
"3": "*hoppia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *huppia, *hoppia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *huppia, *hoppia"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "hupje",
"3": "hopje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: hupje, hopje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: hupje, hopje"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "huppelje",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Saterland Frisian: huppelje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Saterland Frisian: huppelje"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "hopje",
"3": "hobje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: hopje, hobje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: hopje, hobje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*huppōn",
"3": "*hoppōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *huppōn, *hoppōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *huppōn, *hoppōn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "huppen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: huppen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: huppen; huppelen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "huppeln",
"3": "hoppeln"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: huppeln, hoppeln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: huppeln, hoppeln"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*hoppon",
"3": "*hobbon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *hoppon, *hobbon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *hoppon, *hobbon"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hoppen",
"3": "hobben"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: hoppen, hobben",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: hoppen, hobben; hoppelen, hobbelen, hobelen; huppelen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoppen",
"3": "hobben"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: hoppen, hobben",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: hoppen, hobben; hobbelen; huppelen"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "hop"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: hop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: hop; hobbel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*hopfōn",
"3": "*hoppōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *hopfōn, *hoppōn",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pp Central German and/or < bb"
},
"expansion": "(pp Central German and/or < bb)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *hopfōn, *hoppōn (pp Central German and/or < bb)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "hopfen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: hopfen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: hopfen, hoppen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "hoppen"
},
"expansion": "German: hoppen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "German: hoppen (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "hoppeln",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: hoppeln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: hoppeln"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "hoppeln"
},
"expansion": "German: hoppeln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: hoppeln"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hoppazzen",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old High German: hoppazzen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old High German: hoppazzen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "hoppezen",
"3": "hopfzen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: hoppezen, hopfzen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: hoppezen, hopfzen"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "hopsen"
},
"expansion": "German: hopsen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: hopsen"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "hopsen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German Low German: hopsen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German Low German: hopsen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hober",
"3": "ober",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: hober, ober",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: hober, ober"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hobin",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old French: hobin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old French: hobin, hobi, obin"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "hobin",
"3": "haubby",
"4": "aubin"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: hobin, haubby, aubin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: hobin, haubby, aubin"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "aubin"
},
"expansion": "French: aubin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: aubin"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hobin",
"3": "hobyn",
"4": "hoby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: hobin, hobyn, hoby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: hobin, hobyn, hoby"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hobby",
"3": "hobbyhorse"
},
"expansion": "English: hobby, hobbyhorse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hobby, hobbyhorse"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hoppa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hoppa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hoppa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hoppa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: hoppa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: hoppa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "hoppa"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: hoppa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: hoppa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "hoppe"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: hoppe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: hoppe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "hoppa",
"3": "huppa"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: hoppa, huppa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: hoppa, huppa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "hoppa"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: hoppa",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: hoppa, (dialectal) hôpp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hoppe"
},
"expansion": "Danish: hoppe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: hoppe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*këppëtēk",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *këppëtēk",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *këppëtēk (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pre-Germanic",
"name": "pre-Germanic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kewb-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cubō",
"3": "",
"4": "I recline"
},
"expansion": "Latin cubō (“I recline”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κύβος",
"3": "",
"4": "hollow in the hips"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κύβος (kúbos, “hollow in the hips”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "sup",
"3": "",
"4": "shoulder"
},
"expansion": "Albanian sup (“shoulder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शुप्ति",
"t": "shoulder",
"tr": "śúpti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit शुप्ति (śúpti, “shoulder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hobben"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch hobben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "къпѣти",
"t": "to hop"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic къпѣти (kŭpěti, “to hop”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Hubbel"
},
"expansion": "German Hubbel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κύπτω",
"t": "to stoop, hunch"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κύπτω (kúptō, “to stoop, hunch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kuprà",
"t": "hump"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kuprà (“hump”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hofar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hofar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a pre-Germanic iterative *kuP-néh₂-(ye-)ti, usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *kewb-, *ḱewb- (“to bend; a bend, joint”). Compare Latin cubō (“I recline”), Ancient Greek κύβος (kúbos, “hollow in the hips”), Albanian sup (“shoulder”), Sanskrit शुप्ति (śúpti, “shoulder”).\nHowever, according to Kroonen, the root must be *kup- with final *p, in view of Middle Dutch hobben, and adduces Old Church Slavonic къпѣти (kŭpěti, “to hop”) as a cognate. Compare hobby, hub (with German Hubbel) and hump. Tentatively compare also Ancient Greek κύπτω (kúptō, “to stoop, hunch”), Lithuanian kuprà (“hump”), and Old High German hofar, hofir (“hump”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "huppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōsau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōndz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hupp"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/huppōną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "84 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 9 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to move up and down; hop"
],
"id": "en-huppōną-gem-pro-verb-8JW1Nbwv",
"links": [
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"hop",
"hop"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "hip",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "hupiz"
},
{
"word": "huppijaną"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hubbōną"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxup.pɔː.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Germanic parent language"
],
"word": "huppōną"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*andihupōn",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *andihupōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *andihupōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "onhupian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: onhupian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: onhupian"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hopa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hopa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: hopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: hopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "hopa"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: hopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: hopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "hoppa",
"3": "hopa",
"4": "hobba"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: hoppa, hopa, hobba",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: hoppa, hopa, hobba (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hoppe"
},
"expansion": "Danish: hoppe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Danish: hoppe (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kemp-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kemp- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A secondary zero grade iterative. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kemp- (“to turn, bend”), assuming the -m- is a nasal infix. The relation of said root to *kh₂em- (“to bend, curve”), if any, is uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "huppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōsau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōndz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hupp"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/huppōną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to turn back, retreat"
],
"id": "en-huppōną-gem-pro-verb-q3HPpZ12",
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"retreat",
"retreat"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to step backwards"
],
"id": "en-huppōną-gem-pro-verb-dF9hNIjQ",
"links": [
[
"backwards",
"backwards"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxup.pɔː.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "huppōną"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic class 2 weak iterative verbs",
"Proto-Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*huppōn",
"3": "*hoppōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *huppōn, *hoppōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *huppōn, *hoppōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hoppian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hoppian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hoppian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hoppen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: hoppen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: hoppen; hobelen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hop"
},
"expansion": "English: hop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hop; hobble"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hop"
},
"expansion": "Scots: hop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: hop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*huppia",
"3": "*hoppia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *huppia, *hoppia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *huppia, *hoppia"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "hupje",
"3": "hopje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: hupje, hopje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: hupje, hopje"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "huppelje",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Saterland Frisian: huppelje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Saterland Frisian: huppelje"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "hopje",
"3": "hobje"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: hopje, hobje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: hopje, hobje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*huppōn",
"3": "*hoppōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *huppōn, *hoppōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *huppōn, *hoppōn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "huppen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: huppen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: huppen; huppelen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "huppeln",
"3": "hoppeln"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: huppeln, hoppeln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: huppeln, hoppeln"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*hoppon",
"3": "*hobbon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *hoppon, *hobbon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *hoppon, *hobbon"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hoppen",
"3": "hobben"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: hoppen, hobben",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: hoppen, hobben; hoppelen, hobbelen, hobelen; huppelen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoppen",
"3": "hobben"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: hoppen, hobben",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: hoppen, hobben; hobbelen; huppelen"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "hop"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: hop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: hop; hobbel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*hopfōn",
"3": "*hoppōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *hopfōn, *hoppōn",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pp Central German and/or < bb"
},
"expansion": "(pp Central German and/or < bb)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *hopfōn, *hoppōn (pp Central German and/or < bb)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "hopfen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: hopfen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: hopfen, hoppen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "hoppen"
},
"expansion": "German: hoppen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "German: hoppen (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "hoppeln",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: hoppeln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: hoppeln"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "hoppeln"
},
"expansion": "German: hoppeln",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: hoppeln"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hoppazzen",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old High German: hoppazzen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old High German: hoppazzen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "hoppezen",
"3": "hopfzen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: hoppezen, hopfzen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: hoppezen, hopfzen"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "hopsen"
},
"expansion": "German: hopsen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: hopsen"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "hopsen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German Low German: hopsen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German Low German: hopsen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hober",
"3": "ober",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: hober, ober",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: hober, ober"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hobin",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old French: hobin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old French: hobin, hobi, obin"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "hobin",
"3": "haubby",
"4": "aubin"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: hobin, haubby, aubin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: hobin, haubby, aubin"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "aubin"
},
"expansion": "French: aubin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: aubin"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hobin",
"3": "hobyn",
"4": "hoby",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: hobin, hobyn, hoby",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: hobin, hobyn, hoby"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hobby",
"3": "hobbyhorse"
},
"expansion": "English: hobby, hobbyhorse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hobby, hobbyhorse"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hoppa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hoppa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hoppa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hoppa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: hoppa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: hoppa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "hoppa"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: hoppa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: hoppa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "hoppe"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: hoppe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: hoppe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "hoppa",
"3": "huppa"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: hoppa, huppa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: hoppa, huppa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "hoppa"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: hoppa",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: hoppa, (dialectal) hôpp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hoppe"
},
"expansion": "Danish: hoppe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: hoppe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*këppëtēk",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *këppëtēk",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *këppëtēk (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pre-Germanic",
"name": "pre-Germanic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kewb-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cubō",
"3": "",
"4": "I recline"
},
"expansion": "Latin cubō (“I recline”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κύβος",
"3": "",
"4": "hollow in the hips"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κύβος (kúbos, “hollow in the hips”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "sup",
"3": "",
"4": "shoulder"
},
"expansion": "Albanian sup (“shoulder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "शुप्ति",
"t": "shoulder",
"tr": "śúpti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit शुप्ति (śúpti, “shoulder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hobben"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch hobben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "къпѣти",
"t": "to hop"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic къпѣти (kŭpěti, “to hop”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Hubbel"
},
"expansion": "German Hubbel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κύπτω",
"t": "to stoop, hunch"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κύπτω (kúptō, “to stoop, hunch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kuprà",
"t": "hump"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kuprà (“hump”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "hofar"
},
"expansion": "Old High German hofar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a pre-Germanic iterative *kuP-néh₂-(ye-)ti, usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *kewb-, *ḱewb- (“to bend; a bend, joint”). Compare Latin cubō (“I recline”), Ancient Greek κύβος (kúbos, “hollow in the hips”), Albanian sup (“shoulder”), Sanskrit शुप्ति (śúpti, “shoulder”).\nHowever, according to Kroonen, the root must be *kup- with final *p, in view of Middle Dutch hobben, and adduces Old Church Slavonic къпѣти (kŭpěti, “to hop”) as a cognate. Compare hobby, hub (with German Hubbel) and hump. Tentatively compare also Ancient Greek κύπτω (kúptō, “to stoop, hunch”), Lithuanian kuprà (“hump”), and Old High German hofar, hofir (“hump”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "huppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōsau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōndz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hupp"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/huppōną",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "hip",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "hupiz"
},
{
"word": "huppijaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to move up and down; hop"
],
"links": [
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"hop",
"hop"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxup.pɔː.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hubbōną"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Germanic parent language"
],
"word": "huppōną"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic class 2 weak iterative verbs",
"Proto-Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*andihupōn",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *andihupōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *andihupōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "onhupian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: onhupian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: onhupian"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hopa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hopa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: hopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: hopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "hopa"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: hopa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: hopa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "hoppa",
"3": "hopa",
"4": "hobba"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: hoppa, hopa, hobba",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: hoppa, hopa, hobba (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hoppe"
},
"expansion": "Danish: hoppe",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Danish: hoppe (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kemp-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kemp- (“to turn, bend”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A secondary zero grade iterative. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kemp- (“to turn, bend”), assuming the -m- is a nasal infix. The relation of said root to *kh₂em- (“to bend, curve”), if any, is uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "huppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōsau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōnþau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdēdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōndz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "huppōdaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hupp"
},
"name": "gem-conj-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/huppōną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to turn back, retreat"
],
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"retreat",
"retreat"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to step backwards"
],
"links": [
[
"backwards",
"backwards"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxup.pɔː.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "huppōną"
}
Download raw JSONL data for huppōną meaning in Proto-Germanic (25.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.