See harpǭ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*harpā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *harpā\nOld English: hearpe\nMiddle English: harpe\nEnglish: harp\nScots: harpe, herp, hairp\nOld Frisian: *herpe\nWest Frisian: harpe, harp\nOld Saxon: harpa\nMiddle Low German: harpe\nLow German: Harp\nPlautdietsch: Hoap\nOld Dutch: *harpa\nMiddle Dutch: harpe, herpe\nDutch: harp\nAfrikaans: harp\nOld High German: harfa, *harpha\nMiddle High German: harfe, harpfe\nBavarian: Harpfn\nGerman: Harfe, Harpfe\n→ Saterland Frisian: Harfe\nLuxembourgish: Harf\n→ Kashubian: harfa, arfa\n→ Old Polish: arfa (see there for further descendants)\nRhine Franconian: Haf, Harf\nPennsylvania German: Harf\n→ Czech: harfa\n→ Russian: а́рфа (árfa) (see there for further descendants)\n→ Serbo-Croatian: hȃrfa, ха̑рфа\n→ Slovak: harfa\n→ Slovene: harfa\n→ Ukrainian: а́рфа (árfa)\n→ Late Latin: harpa (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *harpā\nOld English: hearpe\nMiddle English: harpe\nEnglish: harp\nScots: harpe, herp, hairp\nOld Frisian: *herpe\nWest Frisian: harpe, harp\nOld Saxon: harpa\nMiddle Low German: harpe\nLow German: Harp\nPlautdietsch: Hoap\nOld Dutch: *harpa\nMiddle Dutch: harpe, herpe\nDutch: harp\nAfrikaans: harp\nOld High German: harfa, *harpha\nMiddle High German: harfe, harpfe\nBavarian: Harpfn\nGerman: Harfe, Harpfe\n→ Saterland Frisian: Harfe\nLuxembourgish: Harf\n→ Kashubian: harfa, arfa\n→ Old Polish: arfa (see there for further descendants)\nRhine Franconian: Haf, Harf\nPennsylvania German: Harf\n→ Czech: harfa\n→ Russian: а́рфа (árfa) (see there for further descendants)\n→ Serbo-Croatian: hȃrfa, ха̑рфа\n→ Slovak: harfa\n→ Slovene: harfa\n→ Ukrainian: а́рфа (árfa)\n→ Late Latin: harpa (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "harpa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: harpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: harpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "harpa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: harpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: harpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "harpa",
"3": "hørpa"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: harpa, hørpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: harpa, hørpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrn",
"2": "harpa"
},
"expansion": "Norn: harpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norn: harpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "harpe"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: harpe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: harpe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "arpa"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: arpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: arpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "harpa"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: harpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: harpa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "harpa"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: harpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: harpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "harpe"
},
"expansion": "Danish: harpe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: harpe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kreb-",
"t": "to turn, bend, shrink, rotate, touch, attack"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb- (“to turn, bend, shrink, rotate, touch, attack”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrapōną",
"t": "to touch; strum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to touch; strum”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb- (“to turn, bend, shrink, rotate, touch, attack”), from *(s)ker- (“to turn; bend”). Compare Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to touch; strum”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "harpǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harpǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harpǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"harp (plucked string instrument)"
],
"id": "en-harpǭ-gem-pro-noun-4U6tkilF",
"links": [
[
"harp",
"harp"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɑr.pɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"word": "harpǭ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*harpā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *harpā\nOld English: hearpe\nMiddle English: harpe\nEnglish: harp\nScots: harpe, herp, hairp\nOld Frisian: *herpe\nWest Frisian: harpe, harp\nOld Saxon: harpa\nMiddle Low German: harpe\nLow German: Harp\nPlautdietsch: Hoap\nOld Dutch: *harpa\nMiddle Dutch: harpe, herpe\nDutch: harp\nAfrikaans: harp\nOld High German: harfa, *harpha\nMiddle High German: harfe, harpfe\nBavarian: Harpfn\nGerman: Harfe, Harpfe\n→ Saterland Frisian: Harfe\nLuxembourgish: Harf\n→ Kashubian: harfa, arfa\n→ Old Polish: arfa (see there for further descendants)\nRhine Franconian: Haf, Harf\nPennsylvania German: Harf\n→ Czech: harfa\n→ Russian: а́рфа (árfa) (see there for further descendants)\n→ Serbo-Croatian: hȃrfa, ха̑рфа\n→ Slovak: harfa\n→ Slovene: harfa\n→ Ukrainian: а́рфа (árfa)\n→ Late Latin: harpa (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *harpā\nOld English: hearpe\nMiddle English: harpe\nEnglish: harp\nScots: harpe, herp, hairp\nOld Frisian: *herpe\nWest Frisian: harpe, harp\nOld Saxon: harpa\nMiddle Low German: harpe\nLow German: Harp\nPlautdietsch: Hoap\nOld Dutch: *harpa\nMiddle Dutch: harpe, herpe\nDutch: harp\nAfrikaans: harp\nOld High German: harfa, *harpha\nMiddle High German: harfe, harpfe\nBavarian: Harpfn\nGerman: Harfe, Harpfe\n→ Saterland Frisian: Harfe\nLuxembourgish: Harf\n→ Kashubian: harfa, arfa\n→ Old Polish: arfa (see there for further descendants)\nRhine Franconian: Haf, Harf\nPennsylvania German: Harf\n→ Czech: harfa\n→ Russian: а́рфа (árfa) (see there for further descendants)\n→ Serbo-Croatian: hȃrfa, ха̑рфа\n→ Slovak: harfa\n→ Slovene: harfa\n→ Ukrainian: а́рфа (árfa)\n→ Late Latin: harpa (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "harpa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: harpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: harpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "harpa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: harpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: harpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "harpa",
"3": "hørpa"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: harpa, hørpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: harpa, hørpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrn",
"2": "harpa"
},
"expansion": "Norn: harpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norn: harpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "harpe"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: harpe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: harpe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "arpa"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: arpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: arpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "harpa"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: harpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: harpa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "harpa"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: harpa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: harpa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "harpe"
},
"expansion": "Danish: harpe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: harpe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kreb-",
"t": "to turn, bend, shrink, rotate, touch, attack"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb- (“to turn, bend, shrink, rotate, touch, attack”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrapōną",
"t": "to touch; strum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to touch; strum”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb- (“to turn, bend, shrink, rotate, touch, attack”), from *(s)ker- (“to turn; bend”). Compare Proto-Germanic *hrapōną (“to touch; strum”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "harpǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harpǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harpōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harpǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Proto-Germanic ōn-stem nouns",
"gem-pro:Musical instruments"
],
"glosses": [
"harp (plucked string instrument)"
],
"links": [
[
"harp",
"harp"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɑr.pɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"word": "harpǭ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for harpǭ meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.