See ginnaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*anaginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *anaginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *anaginnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*anaginnan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *anaginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *anaginnan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "aneginnen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: aneginnen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: aneginnen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*andaginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *andaginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *andaginnan (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*biginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *biginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *biginnan (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*gaginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *gaginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *gaginnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*gaginnan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *gaginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *gaginnan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "geginnen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: geginnen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: geginnen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "giginnan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: giginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: giginnan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*inginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *inginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *inginnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "inginnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: inginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: inginnan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*undarginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *undarginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *undarginnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "underginnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: underginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: underginnan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*uʀginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *uʀginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *uʀginnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "āginnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: āginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: āginnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "āginnan",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Dutch: āginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Dutch: āginnan (attested as hagunnan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Gothic: 𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (duginnan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Gothic: 𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (duginnan)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰed-",
"4": "",
"5": "to take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰed- (“to take”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ken-",
"4": "",
"5": "to arise, begin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to arise, begin”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*načęti",
"3": "",
"4": "to begin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *načęti (“to begin”)",
"name": "cognate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kentus",
"3": "",
"4": "first"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kentus (“first”)",
"name": "cognate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰh₂ey-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰh₂ey-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear, the root has often been traced to Proto-Indo-European *gʰed- (“to take”), e.g. by LIV. Kroonen and Scheungraber take it to be from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to arise, begin”), with the prefix inducing voicing by Verner's law. Cognates would then include Proto-Slavic *načęti (“to begin”) and Proto-Celtic *kentus (“first”). If the meaning 'to cut open' is original, the verb could be related to *gīnaną (“to gape, to yawn”) from Proto-Indo-European *gʰh₂ey-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnadau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnadai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gann",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gannt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gann",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ginn",
"2": "gann",
"3": "gunn",
"4": "gunn",
"class": "3",
"nopass": "1"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ginnaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to begin"
],
"id": "en-ginnaną-gem-pro-verb-DLs6TMLQ",
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make an opening, to cut open"
],
"id": "en-ginnaną-gem-pro-verb-zeCp4vv4",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"open",
"open"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣin.nɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "ginnaną"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic class 3 strong verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*anaginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *anaginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *anaginnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*anaginnan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *anaginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *anaginnan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "aneginnen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: aneginnen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: aneginnen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*andaginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *andaginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *andaginnan (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*biginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *biginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *biginnan (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*gaginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *gaginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *gaginnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*gaginnan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *gaginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *gaginnan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "geginnen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: geginnen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: geginnen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "giginnan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: giginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: giginnan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*inginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *inginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *inginnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "inginnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: inginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: inginnan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*undarginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *undarginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *undarginnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "underginnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: underginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: underginnan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*uʀginnan",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *uʀginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *uʀginnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "āginnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: āginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: āginnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "āginnan",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Dutch: āginnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Dutch: āginnan (attested as hagunnan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Gothic: 𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (duginnan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Gothic: 𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (duginnan)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰed-",
"4": "",
"5": "to take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰed- (“to take”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ken-",
"4": "",
"5": "to arise, begin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to arise, begin”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*načęti",
"3": "",
"4": "to begin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *načęti (“to begin”)",
"name": "cognate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*kentus",
"3": "",
"4": "first"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kentus (“first”)",
"name": "cognate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰh₂ey-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰh₂ey-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear, the root has often been traced to Proto-Indo-European *gʰed- (“to take”), e.g. by LIV. Kroonen and Scheungraber take it to be from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to arise, begin”), with the prefix inducing voicing by Verner's law. Cognates would then include Proto-Slavic *načęti (“to begin”) and Proto-Celtic *kentus (“first”). If the meaning 'to cut open' is original, the verb could be related to *gīnaną (“to gape, to yawn”) from Proto-Indo-European *gʰh₂ey-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnadau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnadai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gann",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gannt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gann",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ginnandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gunnanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ginn",
"2": "gann",
"3": "gunn",
"4": "gunn",
"class": "3",
"nopass": "1"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ginnaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to begin"
],
"links": [
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to make an opening, to cut open"
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"open",
"open"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣin.nɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
],
"word": "ginnaną"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ginnaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (11.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.