"gawjaną" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See gawjaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈɣɑu̯.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology: Unclear. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewH- (“to call, invoke”), related to Proto-Slavic *zъvati (“to call”). Or from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”), related to Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”). Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*ǵʰewH-|t=to call, invoke}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewH- (“to call, invoke”), {{cog|sla-pro|*zъvati||to call}} Proto-Slavic *zъvati (“to call”), {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*ǵʰeh₂w-||to gape, yawn}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”), {{cog|lt|gomurỹs||palate}} Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”) Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-st-j|gaw|gōw|gōw|gaw|class=6|j=j}} Forms: strong [table-tags], gawjō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], gawjaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], gawjai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], gawisi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], gawjais [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], gawi [active, imperative, second-person, singular], gawjasai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], gawjaisau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], gawiþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], gawjai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], gawjaþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], gawjaþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], gawjaiþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], gawjōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], gawjaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], gawjaþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], gawjaiþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], gawjaþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], gawjamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], gawjaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], gawjanþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], gawjainþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], gawiþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], gawjaiþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], gawiþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], gawjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], gawjainþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], gawjanþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], gawjain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], gawjanþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], gawjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], gawjainþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], gōw [active, first-person, indicative, singular], gōwį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], gōwt [active, indicative, second-person, singular], gōwīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], gōw [active, indicative, singular, third-person], gōwī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], gōwū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], gōwīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], gōwudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], gōwīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], gōwum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], gōwīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], gōwud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], gōwīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], gōwun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], gōwīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], gawjandz [active, participle, present], gawanaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to bark Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-gawjaną-gem-pro-verb-pXgVU5pF
  2. to shout, scream, or yell at Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-gawjaną-gem-pro-verb-~qeKWNLB Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 7 93 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 6 94 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 5 95
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: gauijaną
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*gauwjan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *gauwjan, *gauijan\nOld English: ġēġan, ġēn, ġǣn\nMiddle English: ȝeȝen, ȝeiȝen, ȝeien, yeyen\nOld Frisian: *gēia\n>? West Frisian: geie\n⇒ Old High German: *gouwezzen\nMiddle High German: *gouezen, *gouzen\nGerman: gauzen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *gauwjan, *gauijan\nOld English: ġēġan, ġēn, ġǣn\nMiddle English: ȝeȝen, ȝeiȝen, ȝeien, yeyen\nOld Frisian: *gēia\n>? West Frisian: geie\n⇒ Old High German: *gouwezzen\nMiddle High German: *gouezen, *gouzen\nGerman: gauzen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "geyja"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: geyja\nIcelandic: geyja\nFaroese: goyggja\nNorwegian Bokmål: gjø\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gøy\nDanish: gø",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: geyja\nIcelandic: geyja\nFaroese: goyggja\nNorwegian Bokmål: gjø\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gøy\nDanish: gø"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰewH-",
        "t": "to call, invoke"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewH- (“to call, invoke”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*zъvati",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to call"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *zъvati (“to call”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰeh₂w-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to gape, yawn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "gomurỹs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "palate"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unclear. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewH- (“to call, invoke”), related to Proto-Slavic *zъvati (“to call”).\nOr from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”), related to Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st-j",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6 j-present",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gaw",
        "2": "gōw",
        "3": "gōw",
        "4": "gaw",
        "class": "6",
        "j": "j"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st-j"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gawjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to bark"
      ],
      "id": "en-gawjaną-gem-pro-verb-pXgVU5pF",
      "links": [
        [
          "bark",
          "bark"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 94",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to shout, scream, or yell at"
      ],
      "id": "en-gawjaną-gem-pro-verb-~qeKWNLB",
      "links": [
        [
          "shout",
          "shout"
        ],
        [
          "scream",
          "scream"
        ],
        [
          "yell",
          "yell"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɣɑu̯.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gauijaną"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gawjaną"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic class 6 strong j-present verbs",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*gauwjan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *gauwjan, *gauijan\nOld English: ġēġan, ġēn, ġǣn\nMiddle English: ȝeȝen, ȝeiȝen, ȝeien, yeyen\nOld Frisian: *gēia\n>? West Frisian: geie\n⇒ Old High German: *gouwezzen\nMiddle High German: *gouezen, *gouzen\nGerman: gauzen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *gauwjan, *gauijan\nOld English: ġēġan, ġēn, ġǣn\nMiddle English: ȝeȝen, ȝeiȝen, ȝeien, yeyen\nOld Frisian: *gēia\n>? West Frisian: geie\n⇒ Old High German: *gouwezzen\nMiddle High German: *gouezen, *gouzen\nGerman: gauzen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "geyja"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: geyja\nIcelandic: geyja\nFaroese: goyggja\nNorwegian Bokmål: gjø\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gøy\nDanish: gø",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: geyja\nIcelandic: geyja\nFaroese: goyggja\nNorwegian Bokmål: gjø\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gøy\nDanish: gø"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰewH-",
        "t": "to call, invoke"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewH- (“to call, invoke”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*zъvati",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to call"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *zъvati (“to call”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰeh₂w-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to gape, yawn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "gomurỹs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "palate"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unclear. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewH- (“to call, invoke”), related to Proto-Slavic *zъvati (“to call”).\nOr from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”), related to Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st-j",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6 j-present",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwt",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gōwīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gaw",
        "2": "gōw",
        "3": "gōw",
        "4": "gaw",
        "class": "6",
        "j": "j"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st-j"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gawjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to bark"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bark",
          "bark"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to shout, scream, or yell at"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shout",
          "shout"
        ],
        [
          "scream",
          "scream"
        ],
        [
          "yell",
          "yell"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɣɑu̯.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "gauijaną"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gawjaną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for gawjaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (8.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.