"furi-" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See furi- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Prefix

IPA: /ɸu.ri/
Etymology: From the preposition and adverb *furi (“for, in front”). Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*preh₂-}}
  1. in front, before Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-furi--gem-pro-prefix-dc6sivKZ
  2. against, opposed Tags: morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-furi--gem-pro-prefix-pKkkKDfg Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 0 50 0 50 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 50 0 50 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 0 100
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*furi-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *furi-\nOld English: for-, fer-, fær-, fier-\nMiddle English: for-, far-, fer-, vor-\nEnglish: for-\nScots: for-\nOld Frisian: for-\nOld Saxon: far-\nMiddle Low German: ver-\nOld Dutch: far-\nMiddle Dutch: ver-\nDutch: ver-\nOld High German: fir-, far-, for-",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *furi-\nOld English: for-, fer-, fær-, fier-\nMiddle English: for-, far-, fer-, vor-\nEnglish: for-\nScots: for-\nOld Frisian: for-\nOld Saxon: far-\nMiddle Low German: ver-\nOld Dutch: far-\nMiddle Dutch: ver-\nDutch: ver-\nOld High German: fir-, far-, for-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "fyrir-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: fyrir-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: fyrir-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂-"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*preh₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the preposition and adverb *furi (“for, in front”).",
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furi-",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "in front, before"
      ],
      "id": "en-furi--gem-pro-prefix-dc6sivKZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "in front",
          "in front"
        ],
        [
          "before",
          "before"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 50 0 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 50 0 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "against, opposed"
      ],
      "id": "en-furi--gem-pro-prefix-pKkkKDfg",
      "links": [
        [
          "against",
          "against"
        ],
        [
          "opposed",
          "opposed"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸu.ri/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "furi-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic prefixes",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preh₂-"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*furi-"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *furi-\nOld English: for-, fer-, fær-, fier-\nMiddle English: for-, far-, fer-, vor-\nEnglish: for-\nScots: for-\nOld Frisian: for-\nOld Saxon: far-\nMiddle Low German: ver-\nOld Dutch: far-\nMiddle Dutch: ver-\nDutch: ver-\nOld High German: fir-, far-, for-",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *furi-\nOld English: for-, fer-, fær-, fier-\nMiddle English: for-, far-, fer-, vor-\nEnglish: for-\nScots: for-\nOld Frisian: for-\nOld Saxon: far-\nMiddle Low German: ver-\nOld Dutch: far-\nMiddle Dutch: ver-\nDutch: ver-\nOld High German: fir-, far-, for-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "fyrir-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: fyrir-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: fyrir-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂-"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*preh₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the preposition and adverb *furi (“for, in front”).",
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furi-",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "in front, before"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "in front",
          "in front"
        ],
        [
          "before",
          "before"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "against, opposed"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "against",
          "against"
        ],
        [
          "opposed",
          "opposed"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸu.ri/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "furi-"
}

Download raw JSONL data for furi- meaning in Proto-Germanic (1.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-10-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d387940 and c8c706e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.