See furi- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*furi-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *furi-\nOld English: for-, fer-, fær-, fier-\nMiddle English: for-, far-, fer-, vor-, ver-\nEnglish: for-\nScots: for-\nOld Frisian: for-\nOld Saxon: far-\nMiddle Low German: ver-\nOld Dutch: far-\nMiddle Dutch: ver-\nDutch: ver-\nOld High German: fir-, far-, for-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *furi-\nOld English: for-, fer-, fær-, fier-\nMiddle English: for-, far-, fer-, vor-, ver-\nEnglish: for-\nScots: for-\nOld Frisian: for-\nOld Saxon: far-\nMiddle Low German: ver-\nOld Dutch: far-\nMiddle Dutch: ver-\nDutch: ver-\nOld High German: fir-, far-, for-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fyrir-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: fyrir-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: fyrir-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*preh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the preposition and adverb *furi (“for, in front”).",
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furi-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 28 22 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in front, before"
],
"id": "en-furi--gem-pro-prefix-dc6sivKZ",
"links": [
[
"in front",
"in front"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 28 22 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"against, opposed"
],
"id": "en-furi--gem-pro-prefix-pKkkKDfg",
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"opposed",
"opposed"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɸu.ri/"
}
],
"word": "furi-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic prefixes",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preh₂-"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*furi-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *furi-\nOld English: for-, fer-, fær-, fier-\nMiddle English: for-, far-, fer-, vor-, ver-\nEnglish: for-\nScots: for-\nOld Frisian: for-\nOld Saxon: far-\nMiddle Low German: ver-\nOld Dutch: far-\nMiddle Dutch: ver-\nDutch: ver-\nOld High German: fir-, far-, for-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *furi-\nOld English: for-, fer-, fær-, fier-\nMiddle English: for-, far-, fer-, vor-, ver-\nEnglish: for-\nScots: for-\nOld Frisian: for-\nOld Saxon: far-\nMiddle Low German: ver-\nOld Dutch: far-\nMiddle Dutch: ver-\nDutch: ver-\nOld High German: fir-, far-, for-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fyrir-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: fyrir-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: fyrir-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*preh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the preposition and adverb *furi (“for, in front”).",
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furi-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"in front, before"
],
"links": [
[
"in front",
"in front"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"against, opposed"
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"opposed",
"opposed"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɸu.ri/"
}
],
"word": "furi-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for furi- meaning in Proto-Germanic (2.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (0c0c1f1 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.