See dunjaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*dunnjan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *dunnjan\nOld English: dynnan, dynian\nMiddle English: dynnen, denen, denie, donen, dunien, dunnyn, dynen\nEnglish: dun, din\nScots: dyn, din\nOld Saxon: dunnian\nMiddle Low German: *dönnen, dȫnen\nOld High German: *tunnen, *tunen\nMiddle High German: dunen, dünen\nGerman: dünen (archaic)", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *dunnjan\nOld English: dynnan, dynian\nMiddle English: dynnen, denen, denie, donen, dunien, dunnyn, dynen\nEnglish: dun, din\nScots: dyn, din\nOld Saxon: dunnian\nMiddle Low German: *dönnen, dȫnen\nOld High German: *tunnen, *tunen\nMiddle High German: dunen, dünen\nGerman: dünen (archaic)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "dynja" }, "expansion": "Old Norse: dynja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Norse: dynja" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "dynja" }, "expansion": "Icelandic: dynja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Icelandic: dynja" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Bokmål: dynje" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Nynorsk: dynje, dynja" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "*duniz", "3": "*-janą", "id2": "denominative", "t1": "sound" }, "expansion": "*duniz (“sound”) + *-janą", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From *duniz (“sound”) + *-janą.", "forms": [ { "form": "weak", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-wk1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "dunjō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunjaų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunjai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunisi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunjais", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "duni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunjasai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunjaisau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "duniþi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjaþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjaþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjaiþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjōs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "dunjaiw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunjaþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjaiþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunjaþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunjamaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dunjaim", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dunjanþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dunjainþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "duniþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjaiþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "duniþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjanþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjainþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunjanþi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjanþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjanþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjainþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunidǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunidēz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunidē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjandz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "dunidaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dun", "j": "j" }, "name": "gem-conj-wk1" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dunjaną", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (denominative)", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "to make a noise, to resound" ], "id": "en-dunjaną-gem-pro-verb-WCBsC5rs", "links": [ [ "make", "make" ], [ "noise", "noise" ], [ "resound", "resound" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈdun.jɑ.nɑ̃/" } ], "word": "dunjaną" }
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*dunnjan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *dunnjan\nOld English: dynnan, dynian\nMiddle English: dynnen, denen, denie, donen, dunien, dunnyn, dynen\nEnglish: dun, din\nScots: dyn, din\nOld Saxon: dunnian\nMiddle Low German: *dönnen, dȫnen\nOld High German: *tunnen, *tunen\nMiddle High German: dunen, dünen\nGerman: dünen (archaic)", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *dunnjan\nOld English: dynnan, dynian\nMiddle English: dynnen, denen, denie, donen, dunien, dunnyn, dynen\nEnglish: dun, din\nScots: dyn, din\nOld Saxon: dunnian\nMiddle Low German: *dönnen, dȫnen\nOld High German: *tunnen, *tunen\nMiddle High German: dunen, dünen\nGerman: dünen (archaic)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "dynja" }, "expansion": "Old Norse: dynja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Norse: dynja" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "dynja" }, "expansion": "Icelandic: dynja", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Icelandic: dynja" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Bokmål: dynje" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Nynorsk: dynje, dynja" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "*duniz", "3": "*-janą", "id2": "denominative", "t1": "sound" }, "expansion": "*duniz (“sound”) + *-janą", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From *duniz (“sound”) + *-janą.", "forms": [ { "form": "weak", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-wk1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "dunjō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunjaų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunjai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunisi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunjais", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "duni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunjasai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunjaisau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "duniþi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjaþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjaþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjaiþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjōs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "dunjaiw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunjaþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjaiþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunjaþiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunjamaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dunjaim", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dunjanþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dunjainþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "duniþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjaiþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "duniþ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjanþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjainþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunjanþi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjanþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjanþai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjainþau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunidǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunidēz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunidē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunidēdīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dunjandz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "dunidaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dun", "j": "j" }, "name": "gem-conj-wk1" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dunjaną", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Germanic class 1 weak verbs", "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Germanic lemmas", "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (denominative)", "Proto-Germanic verbs" ], "glosses": [ "to make a noise, to resound" ], "links": [ [ "make", "make" ], [ "noise", "noise" ], [ "resound", "resound" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈdun.jɑ.nɑ̃/" } ], "word": "dunjaną" }
Download raw JSONL data for dunjaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.