"atjaną" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See atjaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From Pre-Germanic *h₃odéyeti, causative of Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to hate”). Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*h₃ed-|id=hate}}, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*h₃ed-||to hate|id=hate}} Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to hate”) Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-wk1|at|j=j}} Forms: weak [table-tags], atjō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], atjaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], atjai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], atisi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], atjais [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], ati [active, imperative, second-person, singular], atjasai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], atjaisau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], atiþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], atjai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], atjaþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], atjaþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], atjaiþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], atjōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], atjaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], atjaþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], atjaiþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], atjaþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], atjamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], atjaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], atjanþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], atjainþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], atiþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], atjaiþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], atiþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], atjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], atjainþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], atjanþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], atjain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], atjanþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], atjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], atjainþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], atidǭ [active, first-person, indicative, singular], atidēdį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], atidēz [active, indicative, second-person, singular], atidēdīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], atidē [active, indicative, singular, third-person], atidēdī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], atidēdū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], atidēdīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], atidēdudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], atidēdīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], atidēdum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], atidēdīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], atidēdud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], atidēdīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], atidēdun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], atidēdīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], atjandz [active, participle, present], atidaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to incite Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-atjaną-gem-pro-verb-gem_pro:incite Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative) Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 11 30 30 30 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 17 28 28 28 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 14 29 29 28 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative): 17 27 27 28
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb

Etymology: From *etaną + *-janą (causative suffix). Diachronically from Proto-Indo-European *h₁odéyeti; compare Sanskrit आदयति (ādáyati, “to feed”). Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*h₁ed-}}, {{affix|gem-pro|*etaną|*-janą|id2=causative|pos2=causative suffix}} *etaną + *-janą (causative suffix), {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro||*h₁odéyeti}} Proto-Indo-European *h₁odéyeti, {{cog|sa|आदयति|t=to feed|tr=ādáyati}} Sanskrit आदयति (ādáyati, “to feed”) Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-wk1|at|j=j}} Forms: weak [table-tags], atjō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], atjaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], atjai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], atisi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], atjais [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], ati [active, imperative, second-person, singular], atjasai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], atjaisau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], atiþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], atjai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], atjaþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], atjaþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], atjaiþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], atjōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], atjaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], atjaþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], atjaiþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], atjaþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], atjamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], atjaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], atjanþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], atjainþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], atiþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], atjaiþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], atiþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], atjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], atjainþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], atjanþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], atjain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], atjanþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], atjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], atjainþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], atidǭ [active, first-person, indicative, singular], atidēdį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], atidēz [active, indicative, second-person, singular], atidēdīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], atidē [active, indicative, singular, third-person], atidēdī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], atidēdū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], atidēdīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], atidēdudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], atidēdīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], atidēdum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], atidēdīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], atidēdud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], atidēdīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], atidēdun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], atidēdīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], atjandz [active, participle, present], atidaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to cause/allow to eat, feed (an animal) Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-atjaną-gem-pro-verb-gem_pro:feed Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative) Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 11 30 30 30 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 17 28 28 28 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 14 29 29 28 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative): 17 27 27 28
  2. to cause/allow to eat, feed (an animal)
    to pasture; graze
    Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-atjaną-gem-pro-verb-gem_pro:feed1 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative) Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 11 30 30 30 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 17 28 28 28 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 14 29 29 28 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative): 17 27 27 28
  3. to cause to be eaten, feed (fodder) Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-atjaną-gem-pro-verb-ZbmPTJPY Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative) Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 11 30 30 30 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 17 28 28 28 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 14 29 29 28 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative): 17 27 27 28
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*anattjan",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *anattjan\nOld Dutch: anetten\nOld High German: anazzen\n→ Old French: anesser",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *anattjan\nOld Dutch: anetten\nOld High German: anazzen\n→ Old French: anesser"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*ūtattjan",
            "der": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒? Proto-West Germanic: *ūtattjan",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒? Proto-West Germanic: *ūtattjan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "ūtetta",
            "der": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒? Old Frisian: ūtetta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒? Old Frisian: ūtetta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "etja"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: etja\nIcelandic: etja",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: etja\nIcelandic: etja"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ed-",
        "id": "hate"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ed-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to hate",
        "id": "hate"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to hate”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *h₃odéyeti, causative of Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to hate”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ati",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "at",
        "j": "j"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/atjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 30 30 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 28 28 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 29 29 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 27 27 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to incite"
      ],
      "id": "en-atjaną-gem-pro-verb-gem_pro:incite",
      "links": [
        [
          "incite",
          "incite"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "gem-pro:incite"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "atjaną"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*attjan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *attjan\nOld English: ettan\nMiddle English: etten, eten (merged with Old English etan)\nOld Frisian: etta\n⇒? West Frisian: ettjen, eattjen\nOld Saxon: *ettian\nMiddle Low German: etten\nGerman Low German: etten\nOld Dutch: *etten\nMiddle Dutch: etten\nDutch: etten\nOld High German: *azzen, ezzen\nMiddle High German: atzen, etzen\nAlemannic German: etze\nCimbrian: etzan\nGerman: ätzen, etzen\n→ German Low German: ätzen\n→ Danish: ætse\n→ Finnish: etsata\n→ Dutch: etsen\n→ English: etch",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *attjan\nOld English: ettan\nMiddle English: etten, eten (merged with Old English etan)\nOld Frisian: etta\n⇒? West Frisian: ettjen, eattjen\nOld Saxon: *ettian\nMiddle Low German: etten\nGerman Low German: etten\nOld Dutch: *etten\nMiddle Dutch: etten\nDutch: etten\nOld High German: *azzen, ezzen\nMiddle High German: atzen, etzen\nAlemannic German: etze\nCimbrian: etzan\nGerman: ätzen, etzen\n→ German Low German: ätzen\n→ Danish: ætse\n→ Finnish: etsata\n→ Dutch: etsen\n→ English: etch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "etja",
            "id": "feed"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: etja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: etja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "etja"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: etja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: etja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "etja"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: etja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: etja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fraatjan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fraatjan)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁ed-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*etaną",
        "3": "*-janą",
        "id2": "causative",
        "pos2": "causative suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "*etaną + *-janą (causative suffix)",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*h₁odéyeti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁odéyeti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "आदयति",
        "t": "to feed",
        "tr": "ādáyati"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit आदयति (ādáyati, “to feed”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *etaną + *-janą (causative suffix). Diachronically from Proto-Indo-European *h₁odéyeti; compare Sanskrit आदयति (ādáyati, “to feed”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ati",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "at",
        "j": "j"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/atjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 30 30 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 28 28 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 29 29 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 27 27 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cause/allow to eat, feed (an animal)"
      ],
      "id": "en-atjaną-gem-pro-verb-gem_pro:feed",
      "links": [
        [
          "eat",
          "eat"
        ],
        [
          "feed",
          "feed"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "gem-pro:feed"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 30 30 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 28 28 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 29 29 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 27 27 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cause/allow to eat, feed (an animal)",
        "to pasture; graze"
      ],
      "id": "en-atjaną-gem-pro-verb-gem_pro:feed1",
      "links": [
        [
          "eat",
          "eat"
        ],
        [
          "feed",
          "feed"
        ],
        [
          "pasture",
          "pasture"
        ],
        [
          "graze",
          "graze"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "gem-pro:feed"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 30 30 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 28 28 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 29 29 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 27 27 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cause to be eaten, feed (fodder)"
      ],
      "id": "en-atjaną-gem-pro-verb-ZbmPTJPY",
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "atjaną"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ed-",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃ed- (hate)",
    "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative)",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*anattjan",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *anattjan\nOld Dutch: anetten\nOld High German: anazzen\n→ Old French: anesser",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *anattjan\nOld Dutch: anetten\nOld High German: anazzen\n→ Old French: anesser"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*ūtattjan",
            "der": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒? Proto-West Germanic: *ūtattjan",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒? Proto-West Germanic: *ūtattjan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "ūtetta",
            "der": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒? Old Frisian: ūtetta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒? Old Frisian: ūtetta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "etja"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: etja\nIcelandic: etja",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: etja\nIcelandic: etja"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ed-",
        "id": "hate"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ed-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to hate",
        "id": "hate"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to hate”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *h₃odéyeti, causative of Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to hate”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ati",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "at",
        "j": "j"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/atjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to incite"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "incite",
          "incite"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "gem-pro:incite"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "atjaną"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ed-",
    "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-janą (causative)",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*attjan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *attjan\nOld English: ettan\nMiddle English: etten, eten (merged with Old English etan)\nOld Frisian: etta\n⇒? West Frisian: ettjen, eattjen\nOld Saxon: *ettian\nMiddle Low German: etten\nGerman Low German: etten\nOld Dutch: *etten\nMiddle Dutch: etten\nDutch: etten\nOld High German: *azzen, ezzen\nMiddle High German: atzen, etzen\nAlemannic German: etze\nCimbrian: etzan\nGerman: ätzen, etzen\n→ German Low German: ätzen\n→ Danish: ætse\n→ Finnish: etsata\n→ Dutch: etsen\n→ English: etch",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *attjan\nOld English: ettan\nMiddle English: etten, eten (merged with Old English etan)\nOld Frisian: etta\n⇒? West Frisian: ettjen, eattjen\nOld Saxon: *ettian\nMiddle Low German: etten\nGerman Low German: etten\nOld Dutch: *etten\nMiddle Dutch: etten\nDutch: etten\nOld High German: *azzen, ezzen\nMiddle High German: atzen, etzen\nAlemannic German: etze\nCimbrian: etzan\nGerman: ätzen, etzen\n→ German Low German: ätzen\n→ Danish: ætse\n→ Finnish: etsata\n→ Dutch: etsen\n→ English: etch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "etja",
            "id": "feed"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: etja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: etja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "etja"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: etja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: etja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "etja"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: etja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: etja"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fraatjan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fraatjan)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁ed-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*etaną",
        "3": "*-janą",
        "id2": "causative",
        "pos2": "causative suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "*etaną + *-janą (causative suffix)",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*h₁odéyeti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁odéyeti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "आदयति",
        "t": "to feed",
        "tr": "ādáyati"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit आदयति (ādáyati, “to feed”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *etaną + *-janą (causative suffix). Diachronically from Proto-Indo-European *h₁odéyeti; compare Sanskrit आदयति (ādáyati, “to feed”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ati",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "atidaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "at",
        "j": "j"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/atjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to cause/allow to eat, feed (an animal)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "eat",
          "eat"
        ],
        [
          "feed",
          "feed"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "gem-pro:feed"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to cause/allow to eat, feed (an animal)",
        "to pasture; graze"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "eat",
          "eat"
        ],
        [
          "feed",
          "feed"
        ],
        [
          "pasture",
          "pasture"
        ],
        [
          "graze",
          "graze"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "gem-pro:feed"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to cause to be eaten, feed (fodder)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "atjaną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for atjaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (18.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.