hwerbaz

*hwerbaz (a-stem)

hwerbaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
hwerbai (masculine nominative plural strong)
hwerbō (feminine nominative singular strong)
hwerbôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
hwerbą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
hwerbō (neuter nominative plural strong)
hwerbanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
hwerbanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
hwerbǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
hwerbōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
hwerbą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
hwerbō (accusative neuter plural strong)
hwerbas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
hwerbaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
hwerbaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
hwerbaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
hwerbas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
hwerbaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
hwerbammai (dative masculine singular strong)
hwerbaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
hwerbaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
hwerbaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
hwerbammai (dative neuter singular strong)
hwerbaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
hwerbanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
hwerbaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
hwerbaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
hwerbaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
hwerbanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
hwerbaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
hwerbô (masculine nominative singular weak)
hwerbaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
hwerbǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
hwerbōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
hwerbô (neuter nominative singular weak)
hwerbōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
hwerbanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
hwerbanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
hwerbōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
hwerbōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
hwerbô (accusative neuter singular weak)
hwerbōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
hwerbiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
hwerbanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
hwerbōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
hwerbōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
hwerbiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
hwerbanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
hwerbini (dative masculine singular weak)
hwerbammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
hwerbōni (dative feminine singular weak)
hwerbōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
hwerbini (dative neuter singular weak)
hwerbammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
hwerbinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
hwerbammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
hwerbōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
hwerbōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
hwerbinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
hwerbammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old High German: sinwerf (in compound)

Old Norse: hverfr

Icelandic: hverfur


flaihaz

*flaihaz (a-stem)

flaihaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
flaihai (masculine nominative plural strong)
flaihō (feminine nominative singular strong)
flaihôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
flaihą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
flaihō (neuter nominative plural strong)
flaihanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
flaihanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
flaihǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
flaihōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
flaihą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
flaihō (accusative neuter plural strong)
flaihas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
flaihaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
flaihaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
flaihaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
flaihas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
flaihaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
flaihammai (dative masculine singular strong)
flaihaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
flaihaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
flaihaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
flaihammai (dative neuter singular strong)
flaihaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
flaihanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
flaihaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
flaihaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
flaihaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
flaihanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
flaihaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
flaihô (masculine nominative singular weak)
flaihaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
flaihǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
flaihōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
flaihô (neuter nominative singular weak)
flaihōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
flaihanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
flaihanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
flaihōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
flaihōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
flaihô (accusative neuter singular weak)
flaihōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
flaihiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
flaihanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
flaihōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
flaihōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
flaihiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
flaihanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
flaihini (dative masculine singular weak)
flaihammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
flaihōni (dative feminine singular weak)
flaihōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
flaihini (dative neuter singular weak)
flaihammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
flaihinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
flaihammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
flaihōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
flaihōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
flaihinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
flaihammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *flaih
Old English: flāh

Old Norse: flár

Icelandic: flár

From earlier *þlaihaz, of unknown origin.

unk

unknown

Middle English: flerd

Old English: fleard (borrowed from Old Norse ?)


hwataz

*hwataz (a-stem)

hwataz (masculine nominative singular strong)
hwatai (masculine nominative plural strong)
hwatō (feminine nominative singular strong)
hwatôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
hwatą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
hwatō (neuter nominative plural strong)
hwatanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
hwatanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
hwatǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
hwatōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
hwatą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
hwatō (accusative neuter plural strong)
hwatas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
hwataizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
hwataizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
hwataizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
hwatas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
hwataizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
hwatammai (dative masculine singular strong)
hwataimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
hwataizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
hwataimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
hwatammai (dative neuter singular strong)
hwataimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
hwatanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
hwataimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
hwataizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
hwataimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
hwatanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
hwataimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
hwatô (masculine nominative singular weak)
hwataniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
hwatǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
hwatōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
hwatô (neuter nominative singular weak)
hwatōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
hwatanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
hwatanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
hwatōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
hwatōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
hwatô (accusative neuter singular weak)
hwatōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
hwatiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
hwatanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
hwatōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
hwatōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
hwatiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
hwatanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
hwatini (dative masculine singular weak)
hwatammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
hwatōni (dative feminine singular weak)
hwatōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
hwatini (dative neuter singular weak)
hwatammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
hwatinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
hwatammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
hwatōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
hwatōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
hwatinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
hwatammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old English: hwæt

Middle English: hwat, whæt

Old Saxon: hwat (in compounds)

Old High German: hwaz, waz

Middle High German: was

desctree

Old Norse: hvatr
Icelandic: hvatur
Faroese: hvat- (as a prefix in hvatligur, hvatmæltur, hvattalandi)
Norwegian Nynorsk: kvat
Norwegian Bokmål: kvat

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷh₁dós, adjectival derivation from *kʷeh₁d-, whence Proto-Germanic *hwētaną.


hwelbaną

hwelbō (active first-person indicative singular)
hwelbaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hwelbai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hwilbizi (active indicative second-person singular)
hwelbaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hwelb (active imperative second-person singular)
hwelbazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hwelbaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hwilbidi (active indicative singular third-person)
hwelbai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hwelbadau (active imperative singular third-person)
hwelbadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hwelbaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hwelbōz (active dual first-person indicative)
hwelbaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hwelbadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hwelbaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hwelbadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hwelbamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hwelbaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hwelbandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hwelbaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hwilbid (active indicative plural second-person)
hwelbaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hwilbid (active imperative plural second-person)
hwelbandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hwelbaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hwelbandi (active indicative plural third-person)
hwelbain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hwelbandau (active imperative plural third-person)
hwelbandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hwelbaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hwalb (active first-person indicative singular)
hulbį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hwalft (active indicative second-person singular)
hulbīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hwalb (active indicative singular third-person)
hulbī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hulbū (active dual first-person indicative)
hulbīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hulbudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hulbīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hulbum (active first-person indicative plural)
hulbīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hulbud (active indicative plural second-person)
hulbīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hulbun (active indicative plural third-person)
hulbīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hwelbandz (active participle present)
hulbanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Dutch: *welvan

Middle Dutch: welven
Dutch: welven
Afrikaans: welf, welwe

Old High German: *welban

Middle High German: *welben (only the past singular walb is attested)

German: wölben

Old Norse: *hvelfa (only the past participle holfinn is attested)

Norwegian: kvelva

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷelp- (“to bend”), with -b- instead of -f- due to influence from either the adjective or causative.


raginą

raginą (nominative singular)
raginō (nominative plural)
raginą (singular vocative)
raginō (plural vocative)
raginą (accusative singular)
raginō (accusative plural)
raginas (genitive singular)
raginis (genitive singular)
raginǫ̂ (genitive plural)
raginai (dative singular)
raginamaz (dative plural)
raginō (instrumental singular)
raginamiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic:

Old English: reġen-, reġn- (found in compounds)

Proto-Norse: *ᚱᚨᚷᛁᚾᚨ (*ragina)
Old Norse: regin

Gothic: 𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌽 (ragin)

Vandalic: *ragin- (in personal names)

From Pre-Germanic *Hrokéno-, from Proto-Indo-European *Hrok-, possibly further to *Hrek- (“to speak”). Related to Old Church Slavonic рокъ (rokŭ, “time”), Russian рок (rok, “fate”).

the gods, the ruling powers (plural only)


hrōzaz

*hrōzaz (a-stem)

hrōzaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
hrōzai (masculine nominative plural strong)
hrōzō (feminine nominative singular strong)
hrōzôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
hrōzą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
hrōzō (neuter nominative plural strong)
hrōzanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
hrōzanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
hrōzǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
hrōzōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
hrōzą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
hrōzō (accusative neuter plural strong)
hrōzas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
hrōzaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
hrōzaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
hrōzaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
hrōzas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
hrōzaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
hrōzammai (dative masculine singular strong)
hrōzaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
hrōzaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
hrōzaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
hrōzammai (dative neuter singular strong)
hrōzaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
hrōzanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
hrōzaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
hrōzaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
hrōzaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
hrōzanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
hrōzaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
hrōzô (masculine nominative singular weak)
hrōzaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
hrōzǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
hrōzōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
hrōzô (neuter nominative singular weak)
hrōzōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
hrōzanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
hrōzanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
hrōzōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
hrōzōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
hrōzô (accusative neuter singular weak)
hrōzōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
hrōziniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
hrōzanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
hrōzōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
hrōzōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
hrōziniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
hrōzanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
hrōzini (dative masculine singular weak)
hrōzammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
hrōzōni (dative feminine singular weak)
hrōzōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
hrōzini (dative neuter singular weak)
hrōzammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
hrōzinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
hrōzammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
hrōzōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
hrōzōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
hrōzinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
hrōzammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Proto-West Germanic: *hrōʀ

Old English: hrōr

Old Saxon: hrōr

gl

some forms possibly back-formed from Middle Low German <i class="Latn mention" lang="gml">rö̂ren</i>

Middle Low German: rôr, rö̂r, rûr, rôre, rö̂re, rûre (some forms possibly back-formed from Middle Low German rö̂ren)

Old Dutch: *hrōr, *rōr

Middle Dutch: roer

Dutch: roer, reur (dialectal)

Old High German: *hruor, *ruor

desc

Middle High German: ruor (in derivatives)

Proto-Norse: ᚺᚱᛟᛉᚨᛉ (hroʀaʀ) (proper name)

From pre-Germanic *kroHsos, from Proto-Indo-European *kreHs-. Compare perhaps Proto-Slavic *krāsà (“beauty”).
Alternatively a vṛddhi derivative of *hrasaną, an otherwise unreflected strong verb from Proto-Indo-European *kres-; compare *hraznō (“wave”) and the causative *hrōzijaną (“to stir”).

Brill Publishers
Germanic parent language


fōriz

fōriz (masculine nominative singular strong)
fōrijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
fōrī (feminine nominative singular strong)
fōrijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
fōrį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
fōrijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
fōrijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
fōrijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
fōrijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
fōrijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
fōrį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
fōrijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
fōrijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
fōrīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
fōrijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
fōrijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
fōrijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
fōrijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
fōrīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
fōrijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
fōrijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
fōrijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
fōrijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
fōrijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
fōrijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
fōrijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
fōrijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
fōrijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
fōrijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
fōrijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
fōrijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
fōrijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
fōrijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
fōrijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
fōrijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
fōrijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
fōrijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
fōrijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
fōrijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
fōrijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
fōrijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
fōrijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
fōrijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
fōrijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
fōrīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
fōrijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
fōrijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
fōrijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
fōrīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
fōrijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
fōrīni (dative masculine singular weak)
fōrijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
fōrijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
fōrijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
fōrīni (dative neuter singular weak)
fōrijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
fōrīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
fōrijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
fōrijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
fōrijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
fōrīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
fōrijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Proto-West Germanic: *fōri

Old English: fēre

Middle English: fēre

English: fere, fear

Old High German: *fuori

⇒ gifuori

Old Norse: fœrr

Icelandic: fær

Faroese: førur

Old Swedish: fø̄r

Swedish: för

Old Danish: før

Danish: før


þēgiz

þēgiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
þēgijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
þēgī (feminine nominative singular strong)
þēgijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
þēgį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
þēgijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
þēgijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
þēgijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
þēgijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
þēgijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
þēgį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
þēgijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
þēgijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
þēgīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
þēgijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
þēgijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
þēgijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
þēgijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
þēgīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
þēgijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
þēgijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
þēgijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
þēgijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
þēgijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
þēgijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
þēgijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
þēgijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
þēgijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
þēgijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
þēgijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
þēgijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
þēgijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
þēgijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
þēgijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
þēgijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
þēgijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
þēgijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
þēgijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
þēgijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
þēgijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
þēgijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
þēgijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
þēgijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
þēgijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
þēgīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
þēgijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
þēgijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
þēgijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
þēgīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
þēgijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
þēgīni (dative masculine singular weak)
þēgijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
þēgijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
þēgijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
þēgīni (dative neuter singular weak)
þēgijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
þēgīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
þēgijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
þēgijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
þēgijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
þēgīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
þēgijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Norse: þægr

Icelandic: þægur

Vṛddhi gerundive of *þigjaną (“to accept”).


innai

Old English: inne

Middle English: in

English: in

Old Frisian: inna, inne

Old Saxon: inna

Old Dutch: inna

Old High German: inne

Middle High German: inne

Old Norse: inni

Icelandic: inni

Faroese: inni

Danish: inde

Old Swedish: inne

Swedish: inne

Gothic: 𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰 (inna)

From *in (“in”) + *-nai the locative form of a suffix with unclear origin, from earlier *-n-oy.


-anē

Proto-West Germanic: *-anā

Old English: -an

Old Saxon: -an, -ana

Old High German: -ana

Proto-Norse: -ᚨᚾᚨ (-ana)

Old Norse: -an

Gothic: -𐌰𐌽𐌰 (-ana)

Possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *-neh₁, which would also be the source of Sanskrit विना (vinā, “without”) and possibly Latin supernē (“from above”). The final vowel itself is uncertain; it is usually given as *-ē based on the possibly related forms above.
The first vowel *-a- might not have originally been part of the suffix at all, possibly being detached from the forms the suffix was attached to; but it is usually found as such in Germanic languages.

Creates adverbs with ablative direction.


ūtai

Proto-West Germanic:

Old English: ūte

Middle English: ūte

English: out

Old Saxon: ūta, ūte

Old Dutch: *ūte

Middle Dutch: ute

Dutch: uit

Old High German: ūze

Middle High German: ūze

Old Norse: úti

Icelandic: úti

Faroese: úti

Old Swedish: ūte

Swedish: ute

Old Danish: utæ

Danish: ude

Gothic: 𐌿𐍄𐌰 (uta)


innanē

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *innanā
Old English: innan
Middle English: innen
Old Saxon: innan
Old High German: innana
Middle High German: innen
German: innen

Proto-Norse: ᛁᚾᚨᚾᚨ (inana /innana/)

Old Norse: innan
Icelandic: innan
Faroese: innan
Norwegian Nynorsk: innan
Old Swedish: innan
Swedish: innan
Danish: inden
Norwegian Bokmål: innen

Gothic: 𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰 (innana)

From *in + *-anē. The development of the form of the word is uncertain. If the vowel *-a- was not part of the suffix itself, it could have been picked up from similar words, namely *ubanē, in which case the gemination had been introduced by analogy with *inn or *innai. If the original allative form of *inn were Pre-Germanic *en-no, then the ablative could have been built upon that, or as likely the locative *en-noy, which would explain the vowel and the gemination.

from inside, from within (ablative direction)


ūtanē

Proto-West Germanic: *ūtanā
Old English: ūtan
Middle English: outen, oute
English: outen
Scots: outin, outtin
Old Frisian: ūta, ūte
Old Saxon: ūtana, ūtan, ūta
Middle Low German: ûten
Low German: uten
Old Dutch: *ūtan
Middle Dutch: ûten, ûte
Dutch: uite-
Old High German: ūzana
Middle High German: ūzen
German: außen

Old Norse: útan
Icelandic: utan
Faroese: uttan
Norwegian Bokmål: uten
Norwegian Nynorsk: utan
Old Swedish: ūtan
Swedish: utan
Old Danish: utan, utæn, uten
Danish: uden

Gothic: 𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌰 (ūtana)


ubanē

Proto-West Germanic: *obanā
Old English: ufan, ufane
Middle English: uven
Old Frisian: ova, with -pp- uppa, oppa (also uppe, oppe, but these might be from *uppai instead)
Old Saxon: ovan, ovana, with -pp- uppan
Old Dutch: uppan (with -pp-)
Old High German: obana, ūfana, *ovana
Middle High German: oben, obene, *oven
Alemannic German: obe
Swabian: oba
Bavarian: obn, om, oum, uom
German: oben
Luxembourgish: uewen
Central Franconian:
Hunsrik: owe
Rhine Franconian: owen, owe, uwe
Pennsylvania German: owwe
Vilamovian: uwa
Yiddish: אויבן (oybn)

Old Norse: ofan
Icelandic: ofan
Faroese: oman
Norwegian Nynorsk: ovan
→ Norwegian Bokmål: ova-
Old Swedish: ovan
Swedish: ovan
Danish: oven
Norwegian Bokmål: oven


þrawaz

*þrawaz (a-stem)

þrawaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
þrawai (masculine nominative plural strong)
þrawō (feminine nominative singular strong)
þrawôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
þrawą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
þrawō (neuter nominative plural strong)
þrawanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
þrawanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
þrawǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
þrawōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
þrawą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
þrawō (accusative neuter plural strong)
þrawas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
þrawaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
þrawaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
þrawaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
þrawas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
þrawaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
þrawammai (dative masculine singular strong)
þrawaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
þrawaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
þrawaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
þrawammai (dative neuter singular strong)
þrawaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
þrawanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
þrawaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
þrawaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
þrawaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
þrawanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
þrawaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
þrawô (masculine nominative singular weak)
þrawaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
þrawǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
þrawōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
þrawô (neuter nominative singular weak)
þrawōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
þrawanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
þrawanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
þrawōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
þrawōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
þrawô (accusative neuter singular weak)
þrawōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
þrawiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
þrawanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
þrawōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
þrawōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
þrawiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
þrawanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
þrawini (dative masculine singular weak)
þrawammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
þrawōni (dative feminine singular weak)
þrawōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
þrawini (dative neuter singular weak)
þrawammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
þrawinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
þrawammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
þrawōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
þrawōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
þrawinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
þrawammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Norse: þrár

Icelandic: þrár

→ Middle English: thro, thra

English: thro

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“to rub, grind”).


tīhaną

tīhō (active first-person indicative singular)
tīhaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tīhai (first-person indicative passive singular)
tīhizi (active indicative second-person singular)
tīhaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
tīh (active imperative second-person singular)
tīhazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
tīhaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
tīhidi (active indicative singular third-person)
tīhai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tīhadau (active imperative singular third-person)
tīhadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
tīhaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
tīhōz (active dual first-person indicative)
tīhaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tīhadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tīhaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tīhadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
tīhamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
tīhaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tīhandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
tīhaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
tīhid (active indicative plural second-person)
tīhaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tīhid (active imperative plural second-person)
tīhandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
tīhaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
tīhandi (active indicative plural third-person)
tīhain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tīhandau (active imperative plural third-person)
tīhandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
tīhaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
taih (active first-person indicative singular)
tigį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
taiht (active indicative second-person singular)
tigīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
taih (active indicative singular third-person)
tigī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tigū (active dual first-person indicative)
tigīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tigudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tigīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tigum (active first-person indicative plural)
tigīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tigud (active indicative plural second-person)
tigīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
tigun (active indicative plural third-person)
tigīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tīhandz (active participle present)
tiganaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *tīhan
Old English: tēon
Middle English: tēn
⇒ Old Saxon: aftīhan
Old Dutch: *tīan
Middle Dutch: tiën
Dutch: tijgen, aantijgen
Afrikaans: aantyg
Old High German: zīhan
Middle High German: zīhen
German: zeihen

Old Norse: tjá

Icelandic: tjá

Faroese: tíggja

Norwegian Nynorsk: te

Old Swedish: tēa

Swedish: te

Danish: te

Norwegian Bokmål: te

Gothic: *𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌽 (*teihan)

From Proto-Indo-European *déyḱti, from *deyḱ- (“to show”). Cognate with Latin dīcō (“speak, say, tell”), Ancient Greek δείκνυμι (deíknumi, “show, point out, explain, teach”).


aukô

aukô (nominative singular)
aukaniz (nominative plural)
aukô (singular vocative)
aukaniz (plural vocative)
aukanų (accusative singular)
aukanunz (accusative plural)
aukiniz (genitive singular)
aukanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
aukini (dative singular)
aukammaz (dative plural)
aukinē (instrumental singular)
aukammiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: ēaca

q

Middle English: eke, eche (assibilation due to influence from the verb echen, a variant of eken)

English: eke

Scots: eke, eik

Old Frisian: āka

Old Norse: auki

Icelandic: auki

Faroese: eyki

Danish: øge, øg

Swedish: och


tēwijaz

*tēwijaz (ja-stem)

tēwijaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
tēwijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
tēwijō (feminine nominative singular strong)
tēwijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
tēwiją (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
tēwijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
tēwijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
tēwijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
tēwijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
tēwijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
tēwiją (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
tēwijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
tēwijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-īs (genitive masculine singular strong)
tēwijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
tēwijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
tēwijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
tēwijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-īs (genitive neuter singular strong)
tēwijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
tēwijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
tēwijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
tēwijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
tēwijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
tēwijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
tēwijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
tēwijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
tēwijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
tēwijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
tēwijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
tēwijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
tēwijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
tēwijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
tēwijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
tēwijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
tēwijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
tēwijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
tēwijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
tēwijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
tēwijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
tēwijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
tēwijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
tēwijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
tēwijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
tēwīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
tēwijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
tēwijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
tēwijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
tēwīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
tēwijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
tēwīni (dative masculine singular weak)
tēwijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
tēwijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
tēwijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
tēwīni (dative neuter singular weak)
tēwijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
tēwīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
tēwijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
tēwijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
tēwijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
tēwīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
tēwijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old English: æltǣwe

Old Frisian: eltē

desc

𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃

Gothic: 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃 (taihuntēweis)

Derived from *tēwō (“order”) or *tēwijaną (“to order”).


batô

batô (nominative singular)
bataniz (nominative plural)
batô (singular vocative)
bataniz (plural vocative)
batanų (accusative singular)
batanunz (accusative plural)
batiniz (genitive singular)
batanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
batini (dative singular)
batammaz (dative plural)
batinē (instrumental singular)
batammiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *batō

Old English: *bata

⇒ Old English: *batfull

Middle English: batful, badfull

English: batful

Old Frisian: bata

Saterland Frisian: Baate m; Boate f

West Frisian: bate, baat

Old Saxon: *bato

Middle Low German: bāte

→ Danish: både

Old Dutch: *bato

Middle Dutch: bate

Dutch: baat

Afrikaans: baat

Old High German: *bazzo; *bazza

Middle High German: bazze f

Old Norse: bati

Icelandic: bati

Faroese: bati

Norwegian Bokmål: bate

Norwegian Nynorsk: bate


aferô

aferô (nominative singular)
aferaniz (nominative plural)
aferô (singular vocative)
aferaniz (plural vocative)
aferanų (accusative singular)
aferanunz (accusative plural)
afiriniz (genitive singular)
aferanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
afirini (dative singular)
aferammaz (dative plural)
afirinē (instrumental singular)
aferammiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: eafora, eafera

Old Saxon: avaro

Old Dutch: *avaro

Middle Dutch: aver (only in the expression van aver te avere (“from heir to heir; from generation to generation”))

Dutch: aver (only in the expression van aver te aver (“from heir to heir; from generation to generation”) or its variant van aver tot aver)

Gothic: 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌰 (afara)

/ˈɑ.ɸe.rɔːː/

Possibly a substantivization of *aferą (“after, following”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó.


sīmô

sīmô (nominative singular)
sīmaniz (nominative plural)
sīmô (singular vocative)
sīmaniz (plural vocative)
sīmanų (accusative singular)
sīmanunz (accusative plural)
sīminiz (genitive singular)
sīmanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
sīmini (dative singular)
sīmammaz (dative plural)
sīminē (instrumental singular)
sīmammiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *sīmō
Old English: sīma
Old Frisian: sīma, sīm
North Frisian: seem
Old Saxon: sīmo

Old Norse: síma

Icelandic: síma

Old Swedish: sīme

Swedish: simme

→ Proto-Finnic: *siima (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Indo-European *sh₂éy-mn̥ ~ *sh₂i-mén-s, from *sh₂ey- (“to bind, fetter”). Cognate with Irish sim, Ancient Greek ἱμάς (himás, “leather strap, well-rope”), and possibly Sanskrit सीमन् (sīmán, “border, frontier, margin”).


silubrīnaz

*silubrīnaz (a-stem)

silubrīnaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
silubrīnai (masculine nominative plural strong)
silubrīnō (feminine nominative singular strong)
silubrīnôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
silubrīną (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
silubrīnō (neuter nominative plural strong)
silubrīnanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
silubrīnanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
silubrīnǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
silubrīnōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
silubrīną (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
silubrīnō (accusative neuter plural strong)
silubrīnas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
silubrīnaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
silubrīnaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
silubrīnaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
silubrīnas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
silubrīnaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
silubrīnammai (dative masculine singular strong)
silubrīnaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
silubrīnaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
silubrīnaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
silubrīnammai (dative neuter singular strong)
silubrīnaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
silubrīnanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
silubrīnaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
silubrīnaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
silubrīnaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
silubrīnanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
silubrīnaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
silubrīnô (masculine nominative singular weak)
silubrīnaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
silubrīnǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
silubrīnōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
silubrīnô (neuter nominative singular weak)
silubrīnōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
silubrīnanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
silubrīnanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
silubrīnōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
silubrīnōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
silubrīnô (accusative neuter singular weak)
silubrīnōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
silubrīniniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
silubrīnanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
silubrīnōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
silubrīnōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
silubrīniniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
silubrīnanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
silubrīnini (dative masculine singular weak)
silubrīnammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
silubrīnōni (dative feminine singular weak)
silubrīnōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
silubrīnini (dative neuter singular weak)
silubrīnammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
silubrīninē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
silubrīnammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
silubrīnōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
silubrīnōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
silubrīninē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
silubrīnammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old English: seolfren

Middle English: silveren

English: silvern

Old Frisian: selvirn

Old Saxon: silubrin

Old Dutch: *silverin

Middle Dutch: silveren

Dutch: zilveren

Old High German: silberīn

Middle High German: silberīn

German: silbern

Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌿𐌱𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (silubreins)


gulþīnaz

*gulþīnaz (a-stem)

gulþīnaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
gulþīnai (masculine nominative plural strong)
gulþīnō (feminine nominative singular strong)
gulþīnôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
gulþīną (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
gulþīnō (neuter nominative plural strong)
gulþīnanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
gulþīnanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
gulþīnǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
gulþīnōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
gulþīną (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
gulþīnō (accusative neuter plural strong)
gulþīnas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
gulþīnaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
gulþīnaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
gulþīnaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
gulþīnas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
gulþīnaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
gulþīnammai (dative masculine singular strong)
gulþīnaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
gulþīnaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
gulþīnaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
gulþīnammai (dative neuter singular strong)
gulþīnaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
gulþīnanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
gulþīnaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
gulþīnaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
gulþīnaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
gulþīnanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
gulþīnaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
gulþīnô (masculine nominative singular weak)
gulþīnaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
gulþīnǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
gulþīnōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
gulþīnô (neuter nominative singular weak)
gulþīnōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
gulþīnanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
gulþīnanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
gulþīnōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
gulþīnōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
gulþīnô (accusative neuter singular weak)
gulþīnōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
gulþīniniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
gulþīnanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
gulþīnōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
gulþīnōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
gulþīniniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
gulþīnanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
gulþīnini (dative masculine singular weak)
gulþīnammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
gulþīnōni (dative feminine singular weak)
gulþīnōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
gulþīnini (dative neuter singular weak)
gulþīnammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
gulþīninē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
gulþīnammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
gulþīnōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
gulþīnōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
gulþīninē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
gulþīnammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *gulþīn
Old English: gylden
Middle English: gilden, gylden
English: gilden (archaic), golden (after gold)
Old Frisian: gelden, golden, gulden
Saterland Frisian: goulden
West Frisian: gouden
Old Saxon: guldīn
Middle Low German:
Plautdietsch: golden
Old Dutch: guldīn
Middle Dutch: golden, gulden
Dutch: gouden, gulden
Afrikaans: goue, gulde
Old High German: guldīn
Middle High German: guldīn, güldīn, gulden
Cimbrian: güllan
German: gülden (archaic), golden (after Gold), Gulden (noun)
Luxembourgish: gëllen

Old Norse: gullinn
Icelandic: gullinn
Swedish: gyllene, gyllen-
Danish: gylden

Gothic: 𐌲𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (gulþeins)


brimą

brimą (nominative singular)
brimō (nominative plural)
brimą (singular vocative)
brimō (plural vocative)
brimą (accusative singular)
brimō (accusative plural)
brimas (genitive singular)
brimis (genitive singular)
brimǫ̂ (genitive plural)
brimai (dative singular)
brimamaz (dative plural)
brimō (instrumental singular)
brimamiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: brim

Middle English: brim

English: brim

Old Norse: brim

Icelandic: brim

Faroese: brim

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰrem- (“edge, point, spike”), related to Old Norse barmr, Old English brant (“steep”), Latvian bruôds (“roof ridge”).


skēriz

skēriz (masculine nominative singular strong)
skērijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
skērī (feminine nominative singular strong)
skērijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
skērį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
skērijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
skērijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
skērijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
skērijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
skērijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
skērį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
skērijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
skērijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
skērīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
skērijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
skērijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
skērijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
skērijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
skērīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
skērijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
skērijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
skērijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
skērijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
skērijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
skērijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
skērijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
skērijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
skērijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
skērijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
skērijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
skērijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
skērijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
skērijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
skērijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
skērijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
skērijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
skērijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
skērijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
skērijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
skērijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
skērijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
skērijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
skērijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
skērijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
skērīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
skērijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
skērijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
skērijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
skērīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
skērijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
skērīni (dative masculine singular weak)
skērijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
skērijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
skērijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
skērīni (dative neuter singular weak)
skērijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
skērīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
skērijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
skērijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
skērijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
skērīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
skērijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old English: *sċǣre, ǣsċǣre

Old Norse: *skærr (appears once in compound lýðskærir)

Icelandic: skær

Vṛddhi gerundive of *skeraną (“to shear, cut”).


sētiz

sētiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
sētijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
sētī (feminine nominative singular strong)
sētijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
sētį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
sētijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
sētijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
sētijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
sētijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
sētijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
sētį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
sētijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
sētijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
sētīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
sētijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
sētijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
sētijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
sētijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
sētīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
sētijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
sētijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
sētijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
sētijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
sētijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
sētijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
sētijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
sētijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
sētijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
sētijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
sētijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
sētijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
sētijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
sētijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
sētijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
sētijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
sētijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
sētijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
sētijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
sētijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
sētijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
sētijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
sētijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
sētijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
sētijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
sētīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
sētijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
sētijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
sētijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
sētīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
sētijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
sētīni (dative masculine singular weak)
sētijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
sētijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
sētijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
sētīni (dative neuter singular weak)
sētijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
sētīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
sētijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
sētijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
sētijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
sētīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
sētijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old English: *sǣte, andsǣte

Middle English: andsete, ansete

Old Norse: sætr (appears as neuter sætt)

Icelandic: sætur

Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐍃𐌴𐍄𐍃 (andasēts)

Vṛddhi gerundive of *sitjaną (“to sit”).

possible to sit on, pertaining to sitting


brēkiz

brēkiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
brēkijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
brēkī (feminine nominative singular strong)
brēkijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
brēkį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
brēkijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
brēkijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
brēkijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
brēkijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
brēkijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
brēkį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
brēkijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
brēkijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
brēkīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
brēkijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
brēkijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
brēkijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
brēkijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
brēkīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
brēkijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
brēkijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
brēkijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
brēkijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
brēkijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
brēkijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
brēkijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
brēkijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
brēkijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
brēkijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
brēkijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
brēkijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
brēkijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
brēkijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
brēkijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
brēkijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
brēkijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
brēkijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
brēkijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
brēkijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
brēkijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
brēkijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
brēkijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
brēkijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
brēkijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
brēkīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
brēkijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
brēkijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
brēkijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
brēkīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
brēkijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
brēkīni (dative masculine singular weak)
brēkijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
brēkijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
brēkijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
brēkīni (dative neuter singular weak)
brēkijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
brēkīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
brēkijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
brēkijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
brēkijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
brēkīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
brēkijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old English: *brǣċe, ǣbrǣċe

Old High German: *brāhhi (appears once in ungibrahhi)

desc

Middle High German: *breche, *bræche, vridebreche, vridebræche

Vṛddhi gerundive of *brekaną (“to break”).

vrd

pertaining to breaking, shattering, fracturing


bēriz

bēriz (masculine nominative singular strong)
bērijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
bērī (feminine nominative singular strong)
bērijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
bērį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
bērijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
bērijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
bērijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
bērijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
bērijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
bērį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
bērijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
bērijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
bērīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
bērijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
bērijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
bērijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
bērijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
bērīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
bērijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
bērijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
bērijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
bērijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
bērijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
bērijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
bērijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
bērijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
bērijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
bērijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
bērijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
bērijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
bērijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
bērijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
bērijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
bērijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
bērijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
bērijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
bērijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
bērijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
bērijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
bērijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
bērijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
bērijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
bērijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
bērīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
bērijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
bērijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
bērijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
bērīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
bērijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
bērīni (dative masculine singular weak)
bērijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
bērijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
bērijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
bērīni (dative neuter singular weak)
bērijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
bērīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
bērijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
bērijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
bērijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
bērīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
bērijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old English: -bǣre

Middle English: -bere

(English: -bearing)

Old Frisian: *bāre, -bēre, -bēr

Saterland Frisian: -boar

West Frisian: -ber

Old Saxon: -bāri

Middle Low German: -bār(e), -bēr(e)

Low German: -bor

→ Swedish: -bar

→ Norwegian: -bar

Old Dutch: *-bāri

Middle Dutch: -baer

Dutch: -baar

Old High German: -bāri

Middle High German: -bære (adverb -bāre, Central German also adjectivally)

German: -bar

Old Norse: bærr, -bærr

Icelandic: bær, -bær

Old Swedish: -bǣr

Vṛddhi gerundive of *beraną (“to bear”).


fundiz

fundiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
fundijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
fundī (feminine nominative singular strong)
fundijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
fundį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
fundijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
fundijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
fundijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
fundijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
fundijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
fundį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
fundijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
fundijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
fundīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
fundijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
fundijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
fundijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
fundijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
fundīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
fundijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
fundijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
fundijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
fundijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
fundijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
fundijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
fundijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
fundijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
fundijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
fundijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
fundijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
fundijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
fundijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
fundijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
fundijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
fundijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
fundijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
fundijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
fundijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
fundijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
fundijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
fundijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
fundijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
fundijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
fundijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
fundīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
fundijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
fundijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
fundijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
fundīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
fundijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
fundīni (dative masculine singular weak)
fundijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
fundijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
fundijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
fundīni (dative neuter singular weak)
fundijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
fundīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
fundijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
fundijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
fundijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
fundīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
fundijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *fundī
Old English: *fynde
⇒ Old English: ēaþfynde (“easy to find”) (+ ēaþe (“easy”))

Old Norse: *fyndr

⇒ Old Norse: einfyndr

Verbal adjective derived from the weak preterite (perfect) stem of *finþaną (“to find”).


fundiz

fundiz (nominative singular)
fundīz (nominative plural)
fundi (singular vocative)
fundīz (plural vocative)
fundį (accusative singular)
fundinz (accusative plural)
fundīz (genitive singular)
fundijǫ̂ (genitive plural)
fundī (dative singular)
fundimaz (dative plural)
fundī (instrumental singular)
fundimiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *fundi
Old Frisian: fynd

Old Norse: fundr, fyndr
Icelandic: fundur
Faroese: fundur
Norwegian:
Norwegian Bokmål: funn
Norwegian Nynorsk: funn
Old Swedish: funder m, fund f or n
Swedish: fynd n
Old Danish: fynd
Danish: fund c or n (common gender now obsolete)

A zero-grade oxytone noun derived from *finþaną (“to find”).


brukiz

brukiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
brukjai (masculine nominative plural strong)
brukī (feminine nominative singular strong)
brukjôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
brukį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
brukjō (neuter nominative plural strong)
brukjanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
brukjanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
brukjǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
brukjōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
brukį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
brukjō (accusative neuter plural strong)
brukjas (genitive masculine singular strong)
brukis (genitive masculine singular strong)
brukjaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
brukjaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
brukjaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
brukjas (genitive neuter singular strong)
brukis (genitive neuter singular strong)
brukjaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
brukjammai (dative masculine singular strong)
brukjaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
brukjaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
brukjaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
brukjammai (dative neuter singular strong)
brukjaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
brukjanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
brukjaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
brukjaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
brukjaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
brukjanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
brukjaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
brukjô (masculine nominative singular weak)
brukjaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
brukjǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
brukjōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
brukjô (neuter nominative singular weak)
brukjōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
brukjanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
brukjanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
brukjōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
brukjōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
brukjô (accusative neuter singular weak)
brukjōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
brukiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
brukjanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
brukjōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
brukjōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
brukiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
brukjanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
brukini (dative masculine singular weak)
brukjammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
brukjōni (dative feminine singular weak)
brukjōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
brukini (dative neuter singular weak)
brukjammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
brukinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
brukjammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
brukjōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
brukjōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
brukinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
brukjammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old English: bryċe

Middle English: briche

A secondary formation to the more primary *brēkiz, probably under influence of the noun. Derived from *brekaną (“to break”).


brukiz

brukiz (nominative singular)
brukīz (nominative plural)
bruki (singular vocative)
brukīz (plural vocative)
brukį (accusative singular)
brukinz (accusative plural)
brukīz (genitive singular)
brukjǫ̂ (genitive plural)
brukī (dative singular)
brukimaz (dative plural)
brukī (instrumental singular)
brukimiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *bruki
Old English: bryċe, briċe
Middle English: breche
English: breach
Scots: breach, breiche, bretch, breack
Old Frisian: breke, bretse, breze
Saterland Frisian: Breek
Old Saxon: bruki
Middle Low German: bröke, broke
German Low German: Bröök, Brook
→ Swedish: bråk
→ Danish: brøk
Old Dutch: *bruki
Middle Dutch: brueke, brōke
Dutch: breuk
Afrikaans: breuk
Negerhollands: breek
→ Indonesian: patahan (“fault”) (semantic loan)
→ Indonesian: pecahan (“fraction”) (semantic loan)
→ Papiamentu: breuk
Old High German: bruh
Middle High German: bruch
German: Bruch
→ Saterland Frisian: Bruch
Hunsrik: Bruch
Luxembourgish: Broch
Vilamovian: brüch
Yiddish: בראָך (brokh)


walakuzjǭ

walakuzjǭ (nominative singular)
walakuzjōniz (nominative plural)
walakuzjǭ (singular vocative)
walakuzjōniz (plural vocative)
walakuzjōnų (accusative singular)
walakuzjōnunz (accusative plural)
walakuzjōniz (genitive singular)
walakuzjōnǫ̂ (genitive plural)
walakuzjōni (dative singular)
walakuzjōmaz (dative plural)
walakuzjōnē (instrumental singular)
walakuzjōmiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *walakuʀjā

Old English: wælcyrġe, uualcyrġe, wælcyrġe, wælcyriġe, walcrigge, walcyrġe — Early Old English, wælcerie, wælcyrie, wælkyrie
Middle English: walkirie, walkyrie

Old Norse: valkyrja
Icelandic: valkyrja
Faroese: valkyrja
Norwegian Nynorsk: valkyrja, valkyrje, valkyrju
Norwegian Bokmål: valkyrje
Swedish: valkyria
Danish: valkyrie
→ Catalan: valquíria
→ English: valkyrie
→ French: valkyrie
→ Low German: walköre
→ German: Walküre
→ Dutch: Walkure
→ Hungarian: valkűr
→ Russian: валькирия (valʹkirija)
→ Spanish: valquiria

From *walaz (“(battle) wound”) + *keusaną (“choose, decide”) + *-jǭ (“-er”, feminine agent noun suffix).

af

valkyrie, literally "chooser of the slain"


treganą

tregō (active first-person indicative singular)
tregaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
tregai (first-person indicative passive singular)
trigizi (active indicative second-person singular)
tregaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
treg (active imperative second-person singular)
tregazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
tregaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
trigidi (active indicative singular third-person)
tregai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
tregadau (active imperative singular third-person)
tregadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
tregaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
tregōz (active dual first-person indicative)
tregaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
tregadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
tregaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
tregadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
tregamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
tregaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
tregandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
tregaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
trigid (active indicative plural second-person)
tregaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
trigid (active imperative plural second-person)
tregandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
tregaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
tregandi (active indicative plural third-person)
tregain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tregandau (active imperative plural third-person)
tregandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
tregaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
trag (active first-person indicative singular)
trēgį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
traht (active indicative second-person singular)
trēgīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
trag (active indicative singular third-person)
trēgī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
trēgū (active dual first-person indicative)
trēgīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
trēgudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
trēgīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
trēgum (active first-person indicative plural)
trēgīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
trēgud (active indicative plural second-person)
trēgīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
trēgun (active indicative plural third-person)
trēgīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
tregandz (active participle present)
treganaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *tregan
Old English: treġian (weak verb)
Middle English: treyen
Old Saxon: tregan
Old Dutch: *tregon
Middle Dutch: tregen (weak verb)

Old Norse: trega (weak verb)

Icelandic: trega

Old Swedish: trægha
Swedish: träga

From Proto-Indo-European *dreǵʰ- (“to be unwilling, vexed”).


hailiþō

hailiþō (nominative singular)
hailiþôz (nominative plural)
hailiþō (singular vocative)
hailiþôz (plural vocative)
hailiþǭ (accusative singular)
hailiþōz (accusative plural)
hailiþōz (genitive singular)
hailiþǫ̂ (genitive plural)
hailiþōi (dative singular)
hailiþōmaz (dative plural)
hailiþō (instrumental singular)
hailiþōmiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *hailiþu
Old English: hǣlþ
Middle English: helthe, elþ, elþe, healethe, heleth, helth, helþe, hilþe, helte (Late Middle English)
English: health
Scots: helth, halth
Old High German: heilida

Old Norse: *heild

Icelandic: heild

Faroese: heild


derbaz

*derbaz (a-stem)

derbaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
derbai (masculine nominative plural strong)
derbō (feminine nominative singular strong)
derbôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
derbą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
derbō (neuter nominative plural strong)
derbanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
derbanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
derbǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
derbōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
derbą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
derbō (accusative neuter plural strong)
derbas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
derbaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
derbaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
derbaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
derbas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
derbaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
derbammai (dative masculine singular strong)
derbaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
derbaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
derbaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
derbammai (dative neuter singular strong)
derbaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
derbanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
derbaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
derbaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
derbaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
derbanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
derbaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
derbô (masculine nominative singular weak)
derbaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
derbǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
derbōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
derbô (neuter nominative singular weak)
derbōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
derbanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
derbanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
derbōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
derbōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
derbô (accusative neuter singular weak)
derbōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
derbiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
derbanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
derbōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
derbōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
derbiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
derbanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
derbini (dative masculine singular weak)
derbammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
derbōni (dative feminine singular weak)
derbōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
derbini (dative neuter singular weak)
derbammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
derbinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
derbammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
derbōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
derbōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
derbinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
derbammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old English: deorf, dearf, māndeorf
Middle English: derf
Scots: derf

Old Frisian: derve, derfe

Old Saxon: derbi

Middle Low German: derve

Old Norse: djarfr
Icelandic: djarfur
Faroese: djarvur
Norwegian Nynorsk: djerv, djarv
Old Swedish: diærver
Swedish: djärv
Danish: djærv
Norwegian Bokmål: djerv

Derived from *derbaną (“to work, labor”).


hinþaną

hinþō (active first-person indicative singular)
hinþaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hinþai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hinþizi (active indicative second-person singular)
hinþaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hinþ (active imperative second-person singular)
hinþazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hinþaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hinþidi (active indicative singular third-person)
hinþai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hinþadau (active imperative singular third-person)
hinþadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hinþaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hinþōz (active dual first-person indicative)
hinþaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hinþadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hinþaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hinþadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hinþamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hinþaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hinþandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hinþaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hinþid (active indicative plural second-person)
hinþaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hinþid (active imperative plural second-person)
hinþandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hinþaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hinþandi (active indicative plural third-person)
hinþain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hinþandau (active imperative plural third-person)
hinþandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hinþaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hanþ (active first-person indicative singular)
hundį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hanst (active indicative second-person singular)
hundīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hanþ (active indicative singular third-person)
hundī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hundū (active dual first-person indicative)
hundīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hundudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hundīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hundum (active first-person indicative plural)
hundīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hundud (active indicative plural second-person)
hundīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hundun (active indicative plural third-person)
hundīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hinþandz (active participle present)
hundanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: hinna

Old Swedish: hinna

Swedish: hinna

Elfdalian: inna

Scanian: hinðe

Danish: hinde (obsolete)

Gutnish: hinna

Gothic: *𐌷𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌰𐌽 (*hinþan)

⇒ 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌰𐌽 (frahinþan)

⇒ 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌰𐌽 (miþfrahinþan)

⇒ 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌰𐌽 (ushinþan)

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kent- or *ḱent-.

hann

>? Proto-Germanic: *hinþǭ ~ *hinþō (or related to Old Irish ceinn); North Frisian


fangiz

fangiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
fangijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
fangī (feminine nominative singular strong)
fangijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
fangį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
fangijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
fangijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
fangijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
fangijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
fangijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
fangį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
fangijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
fangijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
fangīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
fangijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
fangijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
fangijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
fangijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
fangīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
fangijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
fangijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
fangijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
fangijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
fangijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
fangijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
fangijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
fangijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
fangijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
fangijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
fangijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
fangijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
fangijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
fangijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
fangijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
fangijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
fangijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
fangijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
fangijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
fangijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
fangijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
fangijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
fangijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
fangijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
fangijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
fangīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
fangijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
fangijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
fangijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
fangīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
fangijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
fangīni (dative masculine singular weak)
fangijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
fangijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
fangijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
fangīni (dative neuter singular weak)
fangijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
fangīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
fangijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
fangijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
fangijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
fangīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
fangijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Proto-West Germanic: *fangī
⇒ Old English: andfenge
Old Frisian: fensze, fendze
Old High German: *fengi
Middle High German: venge

Old Norse: *fengr, bráðfengr, harðfengr

Icelandic: fáfengur, harðfengur

Old Swedish: fāfænger

Swedish: brådfäng, eldfäng, fåfäng

Middle Danish: fofæng

Danish: fåfængt

Derived from *fanhaną (“to take, seize”).


fangiz

fangiz (nominative singular)
fangīz (nominative plural)
fangi (singular vocative)
fangīz (plural vocative)
fangį (accusative singular)
fanginz (accusative plural)
fangīz (genitive singular)
fangijǫ̂ (genitive plural)
fangī (dative singular)
fangimaz (dative plural)
fangī (instrumental singular)
fangimiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *fangi
Old English: feng, fang
Middle English: feng, fenge
Old Frisian: fang, feng, fong
Saterland Frisian: Fang, Fangst
Old Saxon: *fang (in anafang)
Middle Low German: vank
Old Dutch: *fang
Middle Dutch: vanc
Dutch: vang
Old High German: *fang (in sweizfang)
Middle High German: vanc
German: Fang

Old Norse: fengr

Icelandic: fengur

Faroese: fongur


wrēkiz

wrēkiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
wrēkijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
wrēkī (feminine nominative singular strong)
wrēkijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
wrēkį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
wrēkijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
wrēkijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
wrēkijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
wrēkijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
wrēkijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
wrēkį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
wrēkijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
wrēkijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
wrēkīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
wrēkijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
wrēkijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
wrēkijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
wrēkijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
wrēkīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
wrēkijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
wrēkijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
wrēkijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
wrēkijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
wrēkijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
wrēkijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
wrēkijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
wrēkijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
wrēkijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
wrēkijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
wrēkijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
wrēkijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
wrēkijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
wrēkijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
wrēkijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
wrēkijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
wrēkijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
wrēkijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
wrēkijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
wrēkijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
wrēkijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
wrēkijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
wrēkijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
wrēkijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
wrēkijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
wrēkīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
wrēkijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
wrēkijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
wrēkijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
wrēkīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
wrēkijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
wrēkīni (dative masculine singular weak)
wrēkijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
wrēkijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
wrēkijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
wrēkīni (dative neuter singular weak)
wrēkijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
wrēkīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
wrēkijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
wrēkijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
wrēkijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
wrēkīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
wrēkijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Frisian: *wrēze, inwrēze

Old Norse: *vrækr, rækr

Icelandic: rækur

Vṛddhi gerundive of *wrekaną (“to pursue, drive out”).


erknaz

*erknaz (a-stem)

erknaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
erknai (masculine nominative plural strong)
erknō (feminine nominative singular strong)
erknôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
erkną (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
erknō (neuter nominative plural strong)
erknanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
erknanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
erknǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
erknōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
erkną (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
erknō (accusative neuter plural strong)
erknas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
erknaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
erknaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
erknaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
erknas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
erknaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
erknammai (dative masculine singular strong)
erknaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
erknaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
erknaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
erknammai (dative neuter singular strong)
erknaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
erknanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
erknaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
erknaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
erknaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
erknanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
erknaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
erknô (masculine nominative singular weak)
erknaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
erknǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
erknōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
erknô (neuter nominative singular weak)
erknōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
erknanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
erknanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
erknōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
erknōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
erknô (accusative neuter singular weak)
erknōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
erkniniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
erknanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
erknōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
erknōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
erkniniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
erknanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
erknini (dative masculine singular weak)
erknammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
erknōni (dative feminine singular weak)
erknōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
erknini (dative neuter singular weak)
erknammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
erkninē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
erknammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
erknōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
erknōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
erkninē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
erknammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *erkn
Old English: eorcnan
Old High German: erkan, erchan

Old Norse: *jarkn

desc

⇒ Old Norse: jartegn, tein, ᛁᛅᚱᛏᛁᚴᚾᚢᛘ (iartiknum)

Icelandic: jarteikn

Old Swedish: iärtekn, iärtighne

Swedish: järtecken

Danish: jærtegn

Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌺𐌽𐍃 (airkns)

Unlikely to be from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erǵ- (“white, shining”), which would give Proto-Germanic *ark-, but instead seems to represent a Proto-Indo-European *h₁erg- or *h₁erǵ-. Possibly cognate with Tocharian A yärk- (“to honor, venerate”), Tocharian B yarke (“honor, reverence”).


hrumaz

*hrumaz (a-stem)

hrumaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
hrumai (masculine nominative plural strong)
hrumō (feminine nominative singular strong)
hrumôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
hrumą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
hrumō (neuter nominative plural strong)
hrumanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
hrumanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
hrumǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
hrumōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
hrumą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
hrumō (accusative neuter plural strong)
hrumas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
hrumaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
hrumaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
hrumaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
hrumas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
hrumaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
hrumammai (dative masculine singular strong)
hrumaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
hrumaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
hrumaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
hrumammai (dative neuter singular strong)
hrumaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
hrumanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
hrumaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
hrumaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
hrumaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
hrumanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
hrumaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
hrumô (masculine nominative singular weak)
hrumaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
hrumǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
hrumōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
hrumô (neuter nominative singular weak)
hrumōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
hrumanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
hrumanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
hrumōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
hrumōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
hrumô (accusative neuter singular weak)
hrumōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
hruminiz (genitive masculine singular weak)
hrumanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
hrumōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
hrumōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
hruminiz (genitive neuter singular weak)
hrumanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
hrumini (dative masculine singular weak)
hrumammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
hrumōni (dative feminine singular weak)
hrumōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
hrumini (dative neuter singular weak)
hrumammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
hruminē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
hrumammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
hrumōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
hrumōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
hruminē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
hrumammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Norse: hrumr

Icelandic: hrumur

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *krew- (“to fall, collapse”) or ("to hit, break").


trumaz

trumaz (nominative singular)
trumōz (nominative plural)
trumōs (nominative plural)
trum (singular vocative)
trumōz (plural vocative)
trumōs (plural vocative)
trumą (accusative singular)
trumanz (accusative plural)
trumas (genitive singular)
trumis (genitive singular)
trumǫ̂ (genitive plural)
trumai (dative singular)
trumamaz (dative plural)
trumō (instrumental singular)
trumamiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: *trum, wyrttrum, wyrttruma (< *trumô)

Continues Proto-Indo-European *drumos, from *deru-, *drew- (“tree”). Compare Sanskrit द्रुम (druma, “tree”), Ancient Greek δρυμός (drumós, “copse, thicket”), Old Armenian տրամ (tram, “solid, firm”).


trumaz

*trumaz (a-stem)

trumaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
trumai (masculine nominative plural strong)
trumō (feminine nominative singular strong)
trumôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
trumą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
trumō (neuter nominative plural strong)
trumanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
trumanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
trumǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
trumōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
trumą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
trumō (accusative neuter plural strong)
trumas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
trumaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
trumaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
trumaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
trumas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
trumaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
trumammai (dative masculine singular strong)
trumaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
trumaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
trumaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
trumammai (dative neuter singular strong)
trumaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
trumanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
trumaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
trumaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
trumaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
trumanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
trumaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
trumô (masculine nominative singular weak)
trumaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
trumǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
trumōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
trumô (neuter nominative singular weak)
trumōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
trumanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
trumanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
trumōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
trumōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
trumô (accusative neuter singular weak)
trumōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
truminiz (genitive masculine singular weak)
trumanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
trumōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
trumōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
truminiz (genitive neuter singular weak)
trumanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
trumini (dative masculine singular weak)
trumammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
trumōni (dative feminine singular weak)
trumōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
trumini (dative neuter singular weak)
trumammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
truminē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
trumammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
trumōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
trumōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
truminē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
trumammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Proto-West Germanic: *trum

Old English: trum

Middle English: trum (in compounds: mistrum; untrum)

Scots: trim

English: trim

Related to or derived from the above. For the semantic development, compare Proto-Germanic *trewą and *triwwiz.


mētiz

mētiz (masculine nominative singular strong)
mētijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
mētī (feminine nominative singular strong)
mētijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
mētį (neuter nominative singular strong)
-jatō (neuter nominative singular strong)
mētijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
mētijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
mētijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
mētijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
mētijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
mētį (accusative neuter singular strong)
-jatō (accusative neuter singular strong)
mētijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
mētijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
mētīs (genitive masculine singular strong)
mētijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
mētijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
mētijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
mētijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
mētīs (genitive neuter singular strong)
mētijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
mētijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
mētijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
mētijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
mētijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
mētijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
mētijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
mētijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
mētijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
mētijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
mētijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
mētijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
mētijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
mētijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
mētijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
mētijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
mētijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
mētijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
mētijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
mētijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
mētijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
mētijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
mētijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
mētijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
mētijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
mētīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
mētijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
mētijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
mētijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
mētīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
mētijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
mētīni (dative masculine singular weak)
mētijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
mētijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
mētijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
mētīni (dative neuter singular weak)
mētijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
mētīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
mētijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
mētijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
mētijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
mētīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
mētijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *mātī
Old English: mǣte
Middle English: mete, meete
Old Frisian: *mēte, met
Old Saxon: *māti
Middle Low German: mâte
Old Dutch: *māti
Middle Dutch: mate
Old High German: māzi
Middle High German: mæze

Old Norse: mætr
Icelandic: mætur
Faroese: mætur
Norwegian Nynorsk: mæt
Norwegian Bokmål: mæt

Vṛddhi gerundive of *metaną (“to measure”).


trindaz

*trindaz (a-stem)

trindaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
trindai (masculine nominative plural strong)
trindō (feminine nominative singular strong)
trindôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
trindą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
trindō (neuter nominative plural strong)
trindanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
trindanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
trindǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
trindōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
trindą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
trindō (accusative neuter plural strong)
trindas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
trindaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
trindaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
trindaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
trindas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
trindaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
trindammai (dative masculine singular strong)
trindaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
trindaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
trindaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
trindammai (dative neuter singular strong)
trindaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
trindanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
trindaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
trindaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
trindaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
trindanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
trindaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
trindô (masculine nominative singular weak)
trindaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
trindǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
trindōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
trindô (neuter nominative singular weak)
trindōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
trindanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
trindanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
trindōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
trindōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
trindô (accusative neuter singular weak)
trindōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
trindiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
trindanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
trindōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
trindōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
trindiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
trindanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
trindini (dative masculine singular weak)
trindammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
trindōni (dative feminine singular weak)
trindōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
trindini (dative neuter singular weak)
trindammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
trindinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
trindammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
trindōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
trindōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
trindinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
trindammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old Frisian: trind

Old Dutch:

Limburgish: trindj

Old Saxon:

Middle Low German: trint

Unclear. Possibly connected to Proto-Indo-European *drem- (“to tread, run”).


falǭ

falǭ (nominative singular)
falōniz (nominative plural)
falǭ (singular vocative)
falōniz (plural vocative)
falōnų (accusative singular)
falōnunz (accusative plural)
falōniz (genitive singular)
falōnǫ̂ (genitive plural)
falōni (dative singular)
falōmaz (dative plural)
falōnē (instrumental singular)
falōmiz (instrumental plural)

Old Swedish: fala

Swedish: fala

From Proto-Indo-European *polh₂-, from *pelh₂- (“flat”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic полѥ (polje).