setô

setô (nominative singular)
setaniz (nominative plural)
setô (singular vocative)
setaniz (plural vocative)
setanų (accusative singular)
setanunz (accusative plural)
sitiniz (genitive singular)
setanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
sitini (dative singular)
setammaz (dative plural)
sitinē (instrumental singular)
setammiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: angseta

Old High German: *sezzo, anasezzo

Old Norse: *seti, dróttseti, landseti


kuningarīkiją

kuningarīkiją (nominative singular)
kuningarīkijō (nominative plural)
kuningarīkiją (singular vocative)
kuningarīkijō (plural vocative)
kuningarīkiją (accusative singular)
kuningarīkijō (accusative plural)
kuningarīkijas (genitive singular)
kuningarīkīs (genitive singular)
kuningarīkijǫ̂ (genitive plural)
kuningarīkijai (dative singular)
kuningarīkijamaz (dative plural)
kuningarīkijō (instrumental singular)
kuningarīkijamiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *kuningarīkī
Old Frisian: keningrīke
Saterland Frisian: Köönichriek
West Frisian: keninkryk
Old Saxon: kuningrīki
Middle Low German: könninkreik
Low German: Königriek
Plautdietsch: Kjennichrikj
Old Dutch: *kuningrīki
Middle Dutch: koninkrike
Dutch: koninkrijk
Afrikaans: koninkryk
Limburgish: keuninkriek
Old High German: kuningrīhhi
Middle High German: künicriche
German: Königreich
Luxembourgish: Kinnekräich
Hunsrik: Keenichreich

Old Norse: konungríki

Icelandic: konungsríki

Faroese: kongsríki

Norwegian: kongerike

Swedish: kungarike, konungarike

Danish: kongerige

From *kuningaz + *rīkiją, *kunirīkī, *kuningadōm and rīkī mostly replaced the term in West Germanic languages.


witōþą

witōþą (nominative singular)
witōþō (nominative plural)
witōþą (singular vocative)
witōþō (plural vocative)
witōþą (accusative singular)
witōþō (accusative plural)
witōþas (genitive singular)
witōþis (genitive singular)
witōþǫ̂ (genitive plural)
witōþai (dative singular)
witōþamaz (dative plural)
witōþō (instrumental singular)
witōþamiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *witōþ

Old Frisian: witut, witat

Old Saxon: *witōth

Middle Low German: wette, wet, wit

Low German: Wet

Old Dutch: witat, witut

Middle Dutch: wet, wette, wit, weet

Dutch: wet

Afrikaans: wet

→ West Frisian: wet

→ Middle High German: wette

Central Franconian: Wett (obsolete)

Old High German: wizzōd, wizzid

Middle High German: wizzōt, wizōt

Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 (witōþ)

Probably derived from *witōdaz, past participle of *witōną.

law; (literally) what is known or observed


daudijaną

daudijō (active first-person indicative singular)
daudijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
daudijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
daudīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
daudijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
daudī (active imperative second-person singular)
daudijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
daudijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
daudīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
daudijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
daudijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
daudijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
daudijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
daudijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
daudijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
daudijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
daudijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
daudijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
daudijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
daudijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
daudijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
daudijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
daudīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
daudijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
daudīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
daudijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
daudijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
daudijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
daudijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
daudijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
daudijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
daudijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
daudidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
daudidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
daudidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
daudidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
daudidē (active indicative singular third-person)
daudidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
daudidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
daudidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
daudidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
daudidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
daudidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
daudidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
daudidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
daudidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
daudidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
daudidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
daudijandz (active participle present)
daudidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *daudijan
Old English: dīedan, dȳdan
Middle English: deden, deaden
Old Frisian: dēda
Old Saxon: *dōdian
Middle Low German: dôden
Old Dutch: *dōden
Middle Dutch: dôden
Dutch: doden
Afrikaans: dood
Negerhollands: dood
Limburgish: doeaje
Old High German: tōten
Middle High German: tōten
Alemannic German: tööde, töde
Cimbrian: töatan
German: töten

Old Norse: deyða

Icelandic: deyða

Faroese: doyða

Norwegian Nynorsk: døyda

Old Swedish: dødha

Swedish: döda

Danish: døde (dated)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: døde (archaic)

Gothic: 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (dauþjan) (with -þ- analogically from 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌿𐍃 (dauþus))


ungalīkaz

*ungalīkaz (a-stem)

ungalīkaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
ungalīkai (masculine nominative plural strong)
ungalīkō (feminine nominative singular strong)
ungalīkôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
ungalīką (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
ungalīkō (neuter nominative plural strong)
ungalīkanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
ungalīkanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
ungalīkǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
ungalīkōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
ungalīką (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
ungalīkō (accusative neuter plural strong)
ungalīkas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
ungalīkaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
ungalīkaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
ungalīkaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
ungalīkas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
ungalīkaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
ungalīkammai (dative masculine singular strong)
ungalīkaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
ungalīkaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
ungalīkaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
ungalīkammai (dative neuter singular strong)
ungalīkaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
ungalīkanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
ungalīkaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
ungalīkaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
ungalīkaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
ungalīkanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
ungalīkaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
ungalīkô (masculine nominative singular weak)
ungalīkaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
ungalīkǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
ungalīkōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
ungalīkô (neuter nominative singular weak)
ungalīkōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
ungalīkanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
ungalīkanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
ungalīkōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
ungalīkōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
ungalīkô (accusative neuter singular weak)
ungalīkōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
ungalīkiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
ungalīkanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
ungalīkōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
ungalīkōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
ungalīkiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
ungalīkanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
ungalīkini (dative masculine singular weak)
ungalīkammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
ungalīkōni (dative feminine singular weak)
ungalīkōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
ungalīkini (dative neuter singular weak)
ungalīkammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
ungalīkinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
ungalīkammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
ungalīkōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
ungalīkōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
ungalīkinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
ungalīkammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old English: unġelīċ
Middle English: unlic, unlich
English: unlike

Old Dutch: ungilīk

Middle Dutch: ongelijc

Dutch: ongelijk

Afrikaans: ongelyk

Old High German: ungilīh

Middle High German: ungelīch

German: ungleich

Old Norse: úlíkr, ólíkr
Danish: ulig
Faroese: ólíkur
Icelandic: ólíkur
Norwegian Bokmål: ulik
Norwegian Nynorsk: ulik
Swedish: olik


feluwurdijaz

*feluwurdijaz (ja-stem)

feluwurdijaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
feluwurdijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
feluwurdijō (feminine nominative singular strong)
feluwurdijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
feluwurdiją (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
feluwurdijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
feluwurdijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
feluwurdijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
feluwurdijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
feluwurdijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
feluwurdiją (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
feluwurdijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
feluwurdijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-īs (genitive masculine singular strong)
feluwurdijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
feluwurdijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
feluwurdijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
feluwurdijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-īs (genitive neuter singular strong)
feluwurdijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
feluwurdijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
feluwurdijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
feluwurdijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
feluwurdijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
feluwurdijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
feluwurdijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
feluwurdijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
feluwurdijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
feluwurdijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
feluwurdijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
feluwurdijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
feluwurdijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
feluwurdijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
feluwurdijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
feluwurdijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
feluwurdijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
feluwurdijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
feluwurdijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
feluwurdijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
feluwurdijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
feluwurdijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
feluwurdijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
feluwurdijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
feluwurdijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
feluwurdīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
feluwurdijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
feluwurdijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
feluwurdijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
feluwurdīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
feluwurdijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
feluwurdīni (dative masculine singular weak)
feluwurdijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
feluwurdijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
feluwurdijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
feluwurdīni (dative neuter singular weak)
feluwurdijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
feluwurdīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
feluwurdijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
feluwurdijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
feluwurdijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
feluwurdīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
feluwurdijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Old English: felawyrde

Old Norse: fjǫlorðr

Icelandic: fjölorður


feluwurdijaną

feluwurdijō (active first-person indicative singular)
feluwurdijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
feluwurdijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
feluwurdīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
feluwurdijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
feluwurdī (active imperative second-person singular)
feluwurdijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
feluwurdijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
feluwurdīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
feluwurdijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
feluwurdijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
feluwurdijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
feluwurdijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
feluwurdijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
feluwurdijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
feluwurdijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
feluwurdijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
feluwurdijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
feluwurdijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
feluwurdijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
feluwurdijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
feluwurdijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
feluwurdīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
feluwurdijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
feluwurdīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
feluwurdijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
feluwurdijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
feluwurdijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
feluwurdijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
feluwurdijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
feluwurdijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
feluwurdijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
feluwurdidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
feluwurdidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
feluwurdidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
feluwurdidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
feluwurdidē (active indicative singular third-person)
feluwurdidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
feluwurdidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
feluwurdidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
feluwurdidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
feluwurdidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
feluwurdidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
feluwurdidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
feluwurdidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
feluwurdidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
feluwurdidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
feluwurdidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
feluwurdijandz (active participle present)
feluwurdidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desc

𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌿𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽

Gothic: 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌿𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (filuwaurdjan)

From *felu + *wurdijaną or *felu + *wurdą + *-janą.


likkraz

*likkraz (a-stem)

likkraz (masculine nominative singular strong)
likkrai (masculine nominative plural strong)
likkrō (feminine nominative singular strong)
likkrôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
likkrą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
likkrō (neuter nominative plural strong)
likkranǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
likkranz (accusative masculine plural strong)
likkrǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
likkrōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
likkrą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
likkrō (accusative neuter plural strong)
likkras (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
likkraizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
likkraizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
likkraizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
likkras (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
likkraizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
likkrammai (dative masculine singular strong)
likkraimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
likkraizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
likkraimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
likkrammai (dative neuter singular strong)
likkraimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
likkranō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
likkraimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
likkraizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
likkraimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
likkranō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
likkraimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
likkrô (masculine nominative singular weak)
likkraniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
likkrǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
likkrōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
likkrô (neuter nominative singular weak)
likkrōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
likkranų (accusative masculine singular weak)
likkranunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
likkrōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
likkrōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
likkrô (accusative neuter singular weak)
likkrōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
likkriniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
likkranǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
likkrōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
likkrōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
likkriniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
likkranǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
likkrini (dative masculine singular weak)
likkrammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
likkrōni (dative feminine singular weak)
likkrōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
likkrini (dative neuter singular weak)
likkrammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
likkrinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
likkrammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
likkrōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
likkrōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
likkrinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
likkrammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *likkr
Old Saxon: *likkar
Middle Low German: lecker
German Low German: lecker
→ Icelandic: lekkur
→ Faroese: lekkur
→ Norwegian: lekker
→ Swedish: läcker
→ Danish: lækker
→ Icelandic: lekker
→ Saterland Frisian: läkker
Old Dutch: *likkar
Middle Dutch: lecker, lacker
Dutch: lekker
Afrikaans: lekker
→ West Frisian: lekker
Old High German: *lekkar
Middle High German: lecker
German: lecker


uzwurkijaną

uzwurkijō (active first-person indicative singular)
uzwurkijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzwurkijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
uzwurkīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
uzwurkijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzwurkī (active imperative second-person singular)
uzwurkijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
uzwurkijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
uzwurkīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
uzwurkijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzwurkijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
uzwurkijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
uzwurkijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
uzwurkijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
uzwurkijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzwurkijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzwurkijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzwurkijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
uzwurkijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
uzwurkijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzwurkijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
uzwurkijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
uzwurkīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
uzwurkijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzwurkīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
uzwurkijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
uzwurkijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
uzwurkijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
uzwurkijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzwurkijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
uzwurkijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
uzwurkijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
uzwurhtǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
uzwurhtēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
uzwurhtēz (active indicative second-person singular)
uzwurhtēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
uzwurhtē (active indicative singular third-person)
uzwurhtēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
uzwurhtēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
uzwurhtēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
uzwurhtēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
uzwurhtēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
uzwurhtēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
uzwurhtēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
uzwurhtēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
uzwurhtēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
uzwurhtēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
uzwurhtēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
uzwurkijandz (active participle present)
uzwurkidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: āwyrċan

Old High German: irwurken, irwurhen

Middle High German: erwirken

German: erwirken

Gothic: 𐌿𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (uswaurkjan)


stadjaną

stadjō (active first-person indicative singular)
stadjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stadjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
stadisi (active indicative second-person singular)
stadjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stadi (active imperative second-person singular)
stadjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
stadjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
stadiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
stadjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stadjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
stadjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
stadjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
stadjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
stadjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stadjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stadjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stadjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
stadjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
stadjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stadjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
stadjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
stadiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
stadjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stadiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
stadjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
stadjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
stadjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
stadjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stadjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
stadjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
stadjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
stadidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
stadidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
stadidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
stadidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
stadidē (active indicative singular third-person)
stadidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
stadidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
stadidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
stadidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
stadidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
stadidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
stadidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
stadidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
stadidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
stadidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
stadidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
stadjandz (active participle present)
stadidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: steðja

Icelandic: steðja

Old Swedish: stæþia

Swedish: städja, städa


hauhahertaz

*hauhahertaz (a-stem)

hauhahertaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
hauhahertai (masculine nominative plural strong)
hauhahertō (feminine nominative singular strong)
hauhahertôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
hauhahertą (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
hauhahertō (neuter nominative plural strong)
hauhahertanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
hauhahertanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
hauhahertǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
hauhahertōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
hauhahertą (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
hauhahertō (accusative neuter plural strong)
hauhahertas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
hauhahertaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
hauhahertaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
hauhahertaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
hauhahertas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
hauhahertaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
hauhahertammai (dative masculine singular strong)
hauhahertaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
hauhahertaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
hauhahertaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
hauhahertammai (dative neuter singular strong)
hauhahertaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
hauhahertanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
hauhahertaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
hauhahertaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
hauhahertaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
hauhahertanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
hauhahertaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
hauhahertô (masculine nominative singular weak)
hauhahertaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
hauhahertǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
hauhahertōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
hauhahertô (neuter nominative singular weak)
hauhahertōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
hauhahertanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
hauhahertanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
hauhahertōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
hauhahertōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
hauhahertô (accusative neuter singular weak)
hauhahertōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
hauhahertiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
hauhahertanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
hauhahertōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
hauhahertōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
hauhahertiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
hauhahertanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
hauhahertini (dative masculine singular weak)
hauhahertammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
hauhahertōni (dative feminine singular weak)
hauhahertōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
hauhahertini (dative neuter singular weak)
hauhahertammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
hauhahertinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
hauhahertammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
hauhahertōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
hauhahertōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
hauhahertinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
hauhahertammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

Proto-West Germanic: *hauhahert(ī)
Old English: hēahheort
Old Frisian: *hāchhertich
West Frisian: heechhertich
Old Dutch: *hōhhertīg
Middle Dutch: *hoochhatic
Dutch: hooghartig
Old High German: *hōhherzīg
Middle High German: *hōchherzic
German: hochherzig

Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐍃 (hauhhairts)


skaftijaną

skaftijō (active first-person indicative singular)
skaftijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skaftijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
skaftīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
skaftijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skaftī (active imperative second-person singular)
skaftijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
skaftijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
skaftīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
skaftijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skaftijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
skaftijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
skaftijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
skaftijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
skaftijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skaftijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skaftijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skaftijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
skaftijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
skaftijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skaftijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
skaftijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
skaftīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
skaftijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skaftīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
skaftijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
skaftijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
skaftijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
skaftijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skaftijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
skaftijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
skaftijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
skaftidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
skaftidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
skaftidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
skaftidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
skaftidē (active indicative singular third-person)
skaftidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
skaftidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
skaftidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
skaftidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
skaftidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
skaftidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
skaftidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
skaftidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
skaftidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
skaftidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
skaftidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
skaftijandz (active participle present)
skaftidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (skaftjan)

Factitive derived from unattested *skaftaz ("ready" < "shaped, created"), original past participle to *skapjaną.


kultaz

kultaz (nominative singular)
kultōz (nominative plural)
kultōs (nominative plural)
kult (singular vocative)
kultōz (plural vocative)
kultōs (plural vocative)
kultą (accusative singular)
kultanz (accusative plural)
kultas (genitive singular)
kultis (genitive singular)
kultǫ̂ (genitive plural)
kultai (dative singular)
kultamaz (dative plural)
kultō (instrumental singular)
kultamiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *kolt

Old English: colt

Middle English: colt

English: colt

Scots: colt, cout, cowt

Yola: caule

Old Norse: *kultr

Norwegian: kult

Swedish: kult

Danish: kuld

From Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to amass; swell; ball up”).


hauhahirtį̄

hauhahirtį̄ (nominative singular)
hauhahirtīniz (nominative plural)
hauhahirtį̄ (singular vocative)
hauhahirtīniz (plural vocative)
hauhahirtīnų (accusative singular)
hauhahirtīnunz (accusative plural)
hauhahirtīniz (genitive singular)
hauhahirtīnǫ̂ (genitive plural)
hauhahirtīni (dative singular)
hauhahirtīmaz (dative plural)
hauhahirtīnē (instrumental singular)
hauhahirtīmiz (instrumental plural)

Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐌴𐌹 (hauhhairtei)


pundą

pundą (nominative singular)
pundō (nominative plural)
pundą (singular vocative)
pundō (plural vocative)
pundą (accusative singular)
pundō (accusative plural)
pundas (genitive singular)
pundis (genitive singular)
pundǫ̂ (genitive plural)
pundai (dative singular)
pundamaz (dative plural)
pundō (instrumental singular)
pundamiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *pund
Old English: pund
Middle English: pund, punde, pounde, pound
English: pound
Northumbrian: pund
→ Middle Irish: punt
Irish: punt
Manx: punt
Scots: pund, poond
Old Frisian: pund
Saterland Frisian: Puund
West Frisian: pûn
Old Saxon: pund
Middle Low German: punt
German Low German: Pund
Old Dutch: punt
Middle Dutch: pont, pond
Dutch: pond
Old High German: pfunt
Middle High German: pfunt
German: Pfund
Yiddish: פֿונט (funt)

Old Norse: pund

Faroese: pund

Icelandic: pund

Faroese: pund

Norwegian: pund

Old Swedish: pund

Swedish: pund

Danish: pund

Gothic: 𐍀𐌿𐌽𐌳 (pund)


latjaną

latjō (active first-person indicative singular)
latjaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
latjai (first-person indicative passive singular)
latisi (active indicative second-person singular)
latjais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
lati (active imperative second-person singular)
latjasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
latjaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
latiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
latjai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
latjaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
latjaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
latjaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
latjōs (active dual first-person indicative)
latjaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
latjaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
latjaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
latjaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
latjamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
latjaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
latjanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
latjainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
latiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
latjaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
latiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
latjanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
latjainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
latjanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
latjain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
latjanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
latjanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
latjainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
latidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
latidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
latidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
latidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
latidē (active indicative singular third-person)
latidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
latidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
latidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
latidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
latidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
latidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
latidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
latidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
latidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
latidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
latidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
latjandz (active participle present)
latidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *lattjan
Old English: lettan
Middle English: letten
English: let
Scots: lat
Old Frisian: letta
Saterland Frisian: lätte
West Frisian: lette
Old Saxon: lettian
Middle Low German: letten
German Low German: letten
Old Dutch: *letten
Middle Dutch: letten
Dutch: letten
Afrikaans: let
Old High German: lezzen
Middle High German: lezen, letzen
German: letzen
⇒ Middle High German: ferletzen, verletzen
German: verletzen

Old Norse: letja
Icelandic: letja
Old Swedish: lætia
⇒ Old Swedish: lætias
Swedish: lättjas

Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (latjan)


gulþijaną

gulþijō (active first-person indicative singular)
gulþijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gulþijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
gulþīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
gulþijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gulþī (active imperative second-person singular)
gulþijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gulþijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gulþīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
gulþijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gulþijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
gulþijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gulþijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gulþijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
gulþijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gulþijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gulþijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gulþijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gulþijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gulþijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gulþijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gulþijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gulþīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
gulþijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gulþīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
gulþijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gulþijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gulþijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
gulþijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gulþijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
gulþijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gulþijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gulþidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
gulþidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gulþidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
gulþidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gulþidē (active indicative singular third-person)
gulþidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gulþidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
gulþidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gulþidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gulþidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gulþidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
gulþidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gulþidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
gulþidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gulþidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
gulþidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gulþijandz (active participle present)
gulþidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *gulþijan
Old English: *gyldan
Middle English: gulden, gilden
English: gild
⇒ Old English: begyldan, ofergyldan
Old Dutch: *gulden
⇒ Middle Dutch: vergulden, vergolden, vergouden
Dutch: vergulden
Old High German: *gulden
⇒ Old High German: ubargulden

Old Norse: gylla

Icelandic: gylla

Faroese: gylla


Hildirīks

Hildirīks (nominative singular)
Hildirīk (singular vocative)
Hildirīkų (accusative singular)
Hildirīkiz (genitive singular)
Hildirīki (dative singular)
Hildirīkē (instrumental singular)

Proto-West Germanic: *Hildirīk
→ Latin: Hilderīcus, Childerīcus, Ilderīcus (see there for further descendants)

Vandalic: *Hildirīx

desc

From *hildiz (“battle, fight”) + *rīks (“king, ruler”).


hauhijaną

hauhijō (active first-person indicative singular)
hauhijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hauhijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
hauhīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
hauhijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hauhī (active imperative second-person singular)
hauhijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
hauhijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
hauhīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
hauhijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hauhijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
hauhijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
hauhijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
hauhijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
hauhijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hauhijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hauhijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hauhijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
hauhijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
hauhijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hauhijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
hauhijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
hauhīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
hauhijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hauhīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
hauhijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
hauhijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
hauhijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
hauhijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hauhijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
hauhijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
hauhijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
hauhidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
hauhidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
hauhidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
hauhidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
hauhidē (active indicative singular third-person)
hauhidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
hauhidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
hauhidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
hauhidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
hauhidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
hauhidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
hauhidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
hauhidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
hauhidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
hauhidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
hauhidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
hauhijandz (active participle present)
hauhidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *hauhijan
Old English: hēan
Middle English: heien (conflated with ġehēgan)
English: high
Yola: heech
Old Frisian: heia
Old Saxon:
Middle Low German: hȫgen (backformed to the adjective)
Old Dutch: *hōen
Middle Dutch: hogen (backformed to the adjective)
Dutch: hogen
Old High German: hōhen
Middle High German: höhen
German: höhen

Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hauhjan)


Helparīks

Helparīks (nominative singular)
Helparīk (singular vocative)
Helparīkų (accusative singular)
Helparīkiz (genitive singular)
Helparīki (dative singular)
Helparīkē (instrumental singular)

Old English: Helprīċ

Frankish: *Helparīk

→ Latin: Chilpericus

Old French: Chilperic

French: Chilpéric

→ English: Chilperic

→ German: Chilperich

Burgundian:

→ Latin: Chilpericus

Old French: Chilperic

French: Chilpéric

→ English: Chilperic

→ German: Chilperich

Gothic or Suevic:

→ Latin: Ilpericus

Galician: Alperiz

From *helpaną (“help, aid, assistance”) + *rīks (“king, ruler”).


seldalīkaz

*seldalīkaz (a-stem)

seldalīkaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
seldalīkai (masculine nominative plural strong)
seldalīkō (feminine nominative singular strong)
seldalīkôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
seldalīką (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
seldalīkō (neuter nominative plural strong)
seldalīkanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
seldalīkanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
seldalīkǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
seldalīkōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
seldalīką (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
seldalīkō (accusative neuter plural strong)
seldalīkas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-is (genitive masculine singular strong)
seldalīkaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
seldalīkaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
seldalīkaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
seldalīkas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-is (genitive neuter singular strong)
seldalīkaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
seldalīkammai (dative masculine singular strong)
seldalīkaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
seldalīkaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
seldalīkaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
seldalīkammai (dative neuter singular strong)
seldalīkaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
seldalīkanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
seldalīkaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
seldalīkaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
seldalīkaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
seldalīkanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
seldalīkaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
seldalīkô (masculine nominative singular weak)
seldalīkaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
seldalīkǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
seldalīkōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
seldalīkô (neuter nominative singular weak)
seldalīkōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
seldalīkanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
seldalīkanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
seldalīkōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
seldalīkōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
seldalīkô (accusative neuter singular weak)
seldalīkōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
seldalīkiniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
seldalīkanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
seldalīkōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
seldalīkōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
seldalīkiniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
seldalīkanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
seldalīkini (dative masculine singular weak)
seldalīkammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
seldalīkōni (dative feminine singular weak)
seldalīkōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
seldalīkini (dative neuter singular weak)
seldalīkammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
seldalīkinē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
seldalīkammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
seldalīkōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
seldalīkōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
seldalīkinē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
seldalīkammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *seldalīk
Old English: sellīċ, seldlīċ, syllīċ
Middle English: selly, sellich, sillich, sullich, seollich
English: selly
Scots: selly, silly
Old Saxon: seldlīk

Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃 (sildaleiks)


fulkijaną

fulkijō (active first-person indicative singular)
fulkijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fulkijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
fulkīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
fulkijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fulkī (active imperative second-person singular)
fulkijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
fulkijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
fulkīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
fulkijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fulkijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
fulkijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
fulkijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
fulkijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
fulkijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fulkijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fulkijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fulkijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
fulkijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
fulkijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fulkijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
fulkijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
fulkīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
fulkijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fulkīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
fulkijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
fulkijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
fulkijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
fulkijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fulkijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
fulkijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
fulkijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
fulkidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
fulkidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
fulkidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
fulkidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
fulkidē (active indicative singular third-person)
fulkidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
fulkidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
fulkidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
fulkidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
fulkidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
fulkidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
fulkidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
fulkidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
fulkidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
fulkidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
fulkidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
fulkijandz (active participle present)
fulkidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *fulkijan
Old English: fylċan (attested as ġefylċed (ppt))
>? Middle English: filchen
English: filch
Scots: filsh
Old High German: fulken

Old Norse: fylkja

Icelandic: fylkja

Norwegian Nynorsk: fylkja

Old Swedish: fylkia

Swedish: fylka


fulkiją

fulkiją (nominative singular)
fulkijō (nominative plural)
fulkiją (singular vocative)
fulkijō (plural vocative)
fulkiją (accusative singular)
fulkijō (accusative plural)
fulkijas (genitive singular)
fulkīs (genitive singular)
fulkijǫ̂ (genitive plural)
fulkijai (dative singular)
fulkijamaz (dative plural)
fulkijō (instrumental singular)
fulkijamiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *fulkī, *fulki

Old English: ġefylċe

Old Norse: fylki
Icelandic: fylki
Faroese: fylki
Norwegian Nynorsk: fylke, fylkje; (dialectal) fylki
Swedish: fylke
Danish: fylke
Norwegian Bokmål: fylke

A collection of people; band; company; troop


þebōną

þebō (active first-person indicative singular)
þebǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þebōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
þebōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
þebōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þebō (active imperative second-person singular)
þebōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
þebōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
þebōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
þebō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þebōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
þebōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
þebōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
þebōs (active dual first-person indicative)
þebōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þebōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þebōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þebōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
þebōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
þebōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þebōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
þebōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
þebōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
þebōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þebōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
þebōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
þebōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
þebōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
þebōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þebōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
þebōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
þebōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
þebōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
þebōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
þebōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
þebōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
þebōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
þebōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
þebōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
þebōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
þebōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
þebōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
þebōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
þebōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
þebōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
þebōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
þebōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
þebōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
þebōndz (active participle present)
þebōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *þebōn
Old English: þefian
⇒ Old English: ofþefian
⇒? Old English: þefel (“mulled wine, must, cider”)

Old Norse: þefa; (þefja)

Icelandic: þefa; (þefja)

(Faroese: tevja)

Norwegian: teva (dialectal)

/ˈθe.βɔː.nɑ̃/

From Proto-Indo-European *tep- (“warm; hot”).


gailijaną

gailijō (active first-person indicative singular)
gailijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gailijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
gailīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
gailijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gailī (active imperative second-person singular)
gailijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
gailijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
gailīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
gailijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gailijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
gailijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
gailijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
gailijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
gailijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gailijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gailijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gailijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
gailijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
gailijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gailijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
gailijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
gailīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
gailijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gailīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
gailijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
gailijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
gailijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
gailijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gailijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
gailijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
gailijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
gailidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
gailidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
gailidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
gailidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
gailidē (active indicative singular third-person)
gailidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
gailidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
gailidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
gailidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
gailidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
gailidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
gailidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
gailidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
gailidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
gailidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
gailidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
gailijandz (active participle present)
gailidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: gilja
Norwegian Bokmål: gilje
Norwegian Bokmål: gilje, gilja
Swedish: gilja

Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gailjan)


jakkōną

jakkō (active first-person indicative singular)
jakkǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
jakkōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
jakkōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
jakkōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
jakkō (active imperative second-person singular)
jakkōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
jakkōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
jakkōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
jakkō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
jakkōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
jakkōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
jakkōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
jakkōs (active dual first-person indicative)
jakkōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
jakkōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
jakkōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
jakkōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
jakkōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
jakkōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
jakkōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
jakkōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
jakkōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
jakkōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
jakkōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
jakkōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
jakkōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
jakkōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
jakkōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
jakkōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
jakkōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
jakkōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
jakkōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
jakkōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
jakkōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
jakkōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
jakkōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
jakkōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
jakkōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
jakkōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
jakkōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
jakkōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
jakkōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
jakkōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
jakkōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
jakkōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
jakkōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
jakkōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
jakkōndz (active participle present)
jakkōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West-Germanic: *jagōn

Old Dutch: *jakkon

Middle Dutch: jakken

Dutch: jakken

Old Norse: *jaka

⇒ Old Norse: *jakta

Danish: jagte

Norwegian:

Bokmål: jakte

Nynorsk: jakta

Gutnish: jakte, jakt', jakta

From Proto-Indo-European *yegʰo- (compare Irish éad (“jealousy”), Russian я́рый (járyj, “furious”), Albanian gjah (“hunt”), Ancient Greek ζητέω (zētéō, “to search, seek”), Sanskrit यत्न (yātna, “zeal”)).


snūtaz

snūtaz (nominative singular)
snūtōz (nominative plural)
snūtōs (nominative plural)
snūt (singular vocative)
snūtōz (plural vocative)
snūtōs (plural vocative)
snūtą (accusative singular)
snūtanz (accusative plural)
snūtas (genitive singular)
snūtis (genitive singular)
snūtǫ̂ (genitive plural)
snūtai (dative singular)
snūtamaz (dative plural)
snūtō (instrumental singular)
snūtamiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *snūt
Old Frisian: *snūt
Saterland Frisian: Snuute
West Frisian: snút
Old Saxon: *snūt
Middle Low German: snûte, snuut, snuyt
Low German: Schnute, Snuut
→ German: Schnute
Old Dutch: *snūt
Middle Dutch: snute
Dutch: snuit
Afrikaans: snuit
→ Middle English: snowte, snoute, snout, snute, snowth
English: snout
Scots: snout, snoot
→ English: snoot
Old High German: *snūz
Middle High German: *snuze
German: Schnauze, Schnauße
→ Plautdietsch: Schnuz
Yiddish: שנויץ (shnoyts)

According to Watkins, of imitative origin and related to *snuttuz (“snot, mucus”).

onomatopoeic

imitative


maitilaz

maitilaz (nominative singular)
maitilōz (nominative plural)
maitilōs (nominative plural)
maitil (singular vocative)
maitilōz (plural vocative)
maitilōs (plural vocative)
maitilą (accusative singular)
maitilanz (accusative plural)
maitilas (genitive singular)
maitilis (genitive singular)
maitilǫ̂ (genitive plural)
maitilai (dative singular)
maitilamaz (dative plural)
maitilō (instrumental singular)
maitilamiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *maitil

Old High German: meizil

Middle High German: meizel

German: Meißel, Meissel

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: meisel

→ Norwegian Bokmål: meisel

→ Swedish: mejsel

→ Danish: mejsel

→ Gutnish: maisl

Old Norse: meitill

Icelandic: meitill

Faroese: meitil

Norwegian Nynorsk: meitel


baitilaz

baitilaz (nominative singular)
baitilōz (nominative plural)
baitilōs (nominative plural)
baitil (singular vocative)
baitilōz (plural vocative)
baitilōs (plural vocative)
baitilą (accusative singular)
baitilanz (accusative plural)
baitilas (genitive singular)
baitilis (genitive singular)
baitilǫ̂ (genitive plural)
baitilai (dative singular)
baitilamaz (dative plural)
baitilō (instrumental singular)
baitilamiz (instrumental plural)

Proto-West Germanic: *baitil

Old Frisian: *bētel

Saterland Frisian: Boitel

West Frisian: beitel

Old Saxon: beitil

Middle Low German: beitel, bētel

Low German: Beitel

→ German: Beitel

Plautdietsch: Beitel

Old Dutch: *beitil

Middle Dutch: beitel

Dutch: beitel

Afrikaans: beitel

→ Japanese: バイト (baito)

Old High German: beizil

Middle High German: beizel

Old Norse: beitill

Norwegian: beitel

Gutnish: baitel, baitl, baitul

→ Proto-Finnic: *paittilas (see there for further descendants)

From *bait- (“to make bite”) + *-ilaz (suffix deriving names of tools). The o-grade might indicate a lost strong verb *baitaną; compare *baitraz.


hulistrą

hulistrą (nominative singular)
hulistrō (nominative plural)
hulistrą (singular vocative)
hulistrō (plural vocative)
hulistrą (accusative singular)
hulistrō (accusative plural)
hulistras (genitive singular)
hulistris (genitive singular)
hulistrǫ̂ (genitive plural)
hulistrai (dative singular)
hulistramaz (dative plural)
hulistrō (instrumental singular)
hulistramiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: heolstor

Middle English: hulster

desc

English: hulster, holster (“hiding-place”) (dialectal)

Old Saxon: *holster

Middle Low German: holster

Low German: Holster

→ German: Holster

→ Dutch: holster

→ Scots: holster, hulster

→ English: holster

→ Old Norse: holstr

Icelandic: hulstur

Swedish: hölster

Old Danish: hulster

Danish: hylster

Norwegian Bokmål: hylster

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: hylster

Frankish: *hulistar

→ Latin: hulcitra

Gothic: 𐌷𐌿𐌻𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍂 (hulistr)


galaubô

galaubô (nominative singular)
galaubaniz (nominative plural)
galaubô (singular vocative)
galaubaniz (plural vocative)
galaubanų (accusative singular)
galaubanunz (accusative plural)
galaubiniz (genitive singular)
galaubanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
galaubini (dative singular)
galaubammaz (dative plural)
galaubinē (instrumental singular)
galaubammiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *galaubō
Old English: ġeleafa
Middle English: ȝeleafe, ileafe, ȝeleave, ileave, ȝeleve, ileve
Old Frisian: *lāva
North Frisian: louwe, luwe
West Frisian: leauwe
Old Saxon: gilōvo
Middle Low German: gelôve, lôve
German Low German: Gloov, Glööv
Plautdietsch: Gloowen
→ Danish: love
→ Saterland Frisian: Glove
Old Dutch: gilōvo
Middle Dutch: gelôve
Dutch: geloof
Afrikaans: geloof
Negerhollands: geloof, gelovf, gloof
Old High German: giloubo
Middle High German: geloube, gloube
Cimbrian: klóobe
German: Glaube
Hunsrik: Glaave
Luxembourgish: Glawen
Vilamovian: głaowa


swōtijaną

swōtijō (active first-person indicative singular)
swōtijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swōtijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
swōtīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
swōtijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swōtī (active imperative second-person singular)
swōtijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
swōtijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
swōtīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
swōtijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swōtijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
swōtijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
swōtijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
swōtijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
swōtijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swōtijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swōtijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swōtijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
swōtijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
swōtijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swōtijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
swōtijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
swōtīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
swōtijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swōtīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
swōtijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
swōtijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
swōtijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
swōtijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swōtijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
swōtijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
swōtijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
swōtidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
swōtidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
swōtidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
swōtidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
swōtidē (active indicative singular third-person)
swōtidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
swōtidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
swōtidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
swōtidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
swōtidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
swōtidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
swōtidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
swōtidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
swōtidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
swōtidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
swōtidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
swōtijandz (active participle present)
swōtidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *swōtijan
Old English: swētan
Middle English: sweten
English: sweet
Old Frisian: *swēta
⇒ Old Frisian: *swētia (changed to a class 2 verb)
Saterland Frisian: swäitje
West Frisian: swietje, swietsje
Old Saxon: *swōtian
Middle Low German: sȫten
German Low German: söten
Old Dutch: *suoten
Middle Dutch: soeten
Dutch: zoeten
Old High German: suozen
Middle High German: süezen
Bavarian: siaßn
German: süßen
Yiddish: זיסן (zisn)

Old Norse: *sœta, *sǿta

Icelandic: sæta

Faroese: søta

Swedish: söta

Danish: søde


slinkaną

slinkō (active first-person indicative singular)
slinkaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
slinkai (first-person indicative passive singular)
slinkizi (active indicative second-person singular)
slinkaiz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
slink (active imperative second-person singular)
slinkazai (indicative passive second-person singular)
slinkaizau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
slinkidi (active indicative singular third-person)
slinkai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
slinkadau (active imperative singular third-person)
slinkadai (indicative passive singular third-person)
slinkaidau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
slinkōz (active dual first-person indicative)
slinkaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
slinkadiz (active dual indicative second-person)
slinkaidiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
slinkadiz (active dual imperative second-person)
slinkamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
slinkaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
slinkandai (first-person indicative passive plural)
slinkaindau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
slinkid (active indicative plural second-person)
slinkaid (active plural second-person subjunctive)
slinkid (active imperative plural second-person)
slinkandai (indicative passive plural second-person)
slinkaindau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
slinkandi (active indicative plural third-person)
slinkain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
slinkandau (active imperative plural third-person)
slinkandai (indicative passive plural third-person)
slinkaindau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
slank (active first-person indicative singular)
slunkį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
slanht (active indicative second-person singular)
slunkīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
slank (active indicative singular third-person)
slunkī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
slunkū (active dual first-person indicative)
slunkīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
slunkudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
slunkīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
slunkum (active first-person indicative plural)
slunkīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
slunkud (active indicative plural second-person)
slunkīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
slunkun (active indicative plural third-person)
slunkīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
slinkandz (active participle present)
slunkanaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: slincan

Middle English: slynken

Scots: slink

English: slink

Old Frisian: *slinka

Saterland Frisian: slinke

West Frisian: slinke

Old Saxon: *slinkan

Middle Low German: slinken

Low German: slinken

Old Dutch: *slinkan

Middle Dutch: slinken

Dutch: slinken

Old Norse: *slinka

Old Swedish: slinka

Swedish: slinka

Gutnish: slinke, slink', slinka

Close to the synonym *slingwaną, though with some formal diffulty. Presumably degeminated from earlier *slenkk-, from pre-Germanic *sln̥k-né(h₂)- or similar with a return to the full grade, from Proto-Indo-European *slenk- (or perhaps *slenkʷ-); this could explain the different coda stop reflexes without needing to assume two separate PIE roots. Related to Lithuanian slinkti and slenkù (“to creep, sneak”). Perhaps partly sound-symbolic or onomatopoeic.

Brill Publishers
Germanic parent language


dwalōną

dwalō (active first-person indicative singular)
dwalǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
dwalōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
dwalōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
dwalōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
dwalō (active imperative second-person singular)
dwalōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
dwalōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
dwalōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
dwalō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
dwalōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
dwalōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
dwalōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
dwalōs (active dual first-person indicative)
dwalōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
dwalōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
dwalōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
dwalōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
dwalōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
dwalōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
dwalōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
dwalōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
dwalōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
dwalōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
dwalōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
dwalōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
dwalōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
dwalōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
dwalōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
dwalōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
dwalōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
dwalōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
dwalōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
dwalōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
dwalōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
dwalōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
dwalōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
dwalōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
dwalōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
dwalōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
dwalōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
dwalōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
dwalōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
dwalōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
dwalōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
dwalōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
dwalōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
dwalōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
dwalōndz (active participle present)
dwalōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *dwalōn
Old English: dwalian, dwolian
Middle English: dwalen, duale, dwalien
>? English: dwale, dwall
>? Scots: dwall
Old Frisian: dwalia
North Frisian: dwaale
West Frisian: dwale
Old Saxon: dwalōn
Middle Low German: dwālen
German Low German: dwalen
Old Dutch: *dwalon
Middle Dutch: dualen, dwalen
Dutch: dwalen
Old High German: twalōn
Middle High German: twalen

Old Norse: dvala

Icelandic: dvala

From *dwalaz (“confused, stunned”) + *-ōną.


wanōną

wanō (active first-person indicative singular)
wanǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wanōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
wanōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
wanōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wanō (active imperative second-person singular)
wanōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wanōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
wanōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wanō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wanōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wanōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wanōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
wanōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wanōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wanōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wanōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wanōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wanōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wanōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wanōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wanōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
wanōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wanōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wanōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wanōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wanōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
wanōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wanōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wanōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wanōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wanōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
wanōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wanōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wanōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wanōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wanōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
wanōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wanōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wanōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wanōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wanōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wanōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wanōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wanōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wanōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wanōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wanōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wanōndz (active participle present)
wanōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Proto-West Germanic: *wanōn
Old English: wanian, wonian
Middle English: wanien, wonien, wanen
Scots: wan, wane
English: wane
Old Frisian: wania, wonia
Old Saxon: wanōn
Middle Low German: wanen, wānen
Old Dutch: *wanon
Middle Dutch: wanen, waenen
Old High German: wanōn

Old Norse: vana

Icelandic: vana


brōdijaną

brōdijō (active first-person indicative singular)
brōdijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
brōdijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
brōdīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
brōdijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
brōdī (active imperative second-person singular)
brōdijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
brōdijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
brōdīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
brōdijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
brōdijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
brōdijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
brōdijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
brōdijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
brōdijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
brōdijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
brōdijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
brōdijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
brōdijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
brōdijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
brōdijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
brōdijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
brōdīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
brōdijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
brōdīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
brōdijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
brōdijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
brōdijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
brōdijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
brōdijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
brōdijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
brōdijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
brōdidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
brōdidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
brōdidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
brōdidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
brōdidē (active indicative singular third-person)
brōdidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
brōdidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
brōdidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
brōdidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
brōdidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
brōdidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
brōdidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
brōdidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
brōdidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
brōdidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
brōdidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
brōdijandz (active participle present)
brōdidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old English: brēdan

Middle English: breden

Scots: brede, breid

English: breed

Old Frisian: *brēda

Saterland Frisian: briede

West Frisian: briede

Old Saxon: *brōdian

Middle Low German: brôden, bröden

German Low German: bröden

Old Dutch: *bruoden

Middle Dutch: broeden, bruden

Dutch: broeden

Old High German: bruoten

Middle High German: brüeten

German: brüten

Hunsrik: briede

(Luxembourgish: bréien)

From *brōduz (“warmth, breed”) + *-janą.


brestuz

brestuz (nominative singular)
bristiwiz (nominative plural)
brestu (singular vocative)
bristiwiz (plural vocative)
brestų (accusative singular)
brestunz (accusative plural)
brestauz (genitive singular)
bristiwǫ̂ (genitive plural)
bristiwi (dative singular)
brestumaz (dative plural)
brestū (instrumental singular)
brestumiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: berst, byrst

Middle English: brest, berst, barst

Old Saxon: *bresti

desc

Middle Low German: breste, berste, berst, barst

(German Low German: Brast ?)

Old Dutch: *bresti

Middle Dutch: berste

Old High German: bresto

Middle High German: breste

German: Breste

Old Norse: brestr

Icelandic: brestur

Faroese: brestur

Danish: brøst, brist

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰres‑ (“to burst; break; crack; crackle”).


tugilaz

tugilaz (nominative singular)
tugilōz (nominative plural)
tugilōs (nominative plural)
tugil (singular vocative)
tugilōz (plural vocative)
tugilōs (plural vocative)
tugilą (accusative singular)
tugilanz (accusative plural)
tugilas (genitive singular)
tugilis (genitive singular)
tugilǫ̂ (genitive plural)
tugilai (dative singular)
tugilamaz (dative plural)
tugilō (instrumental singular)
tugilamiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: tyġel

Old Saxon:

Middle Low German:

Low German: Tögel

Old Dutch: *tugil

Middle Dutch: toghel, teugel

Dutch: teugel

Afrikaans: teuel

Old High German: zugil

Middle High German: zugel, zügel

German: Zügel

→ Polish: cugiel

Luxembourgish: Zigel

Old Norse: tygill

Icelandic: tygill

Danish: tøjle

Norwegian Bokmål: tøyle

Norwegian Nynorsk: tygel

Swedish: tygel

From the root *tug- as in *tugōną and *taugijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-, + *-ilaz.


walkōną

walkō (active first-person indicative singular)
walkǭ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
walkōi (first-person indicative passive singular)
walkōsi (active indicative second-person singular)
walkōs (active second-person singular subjunctive)
walkō (active imperative second-person singular)
walkōsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
walkōsau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
walkōþi (active indicative singular third-person)
walkō (active singular subjunctive third-person)
walkōþau (active imperative singular third-person)
walkōþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
walkōþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
walkōs (active dual first-person indicative)
walkōw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
walkōþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
walkōþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
walkōþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
walkōmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
walkōm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
walkōnþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
walkōnþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
walkōþ (active indicative plural second-person)
walkōþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
walkōþ (active imperative plural second-person)
walkōnþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
walkōnþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
walkōnþi (active indicative plural third-person)
walkōn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
walkōnþau (active imperative plural third-person)
walkōnþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
walkōnþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
walkōdǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
walkōdēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
walkōdēz (active indicative second-person singular)
walkōdēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
walkōdē (active indicative singular third-person)
walkōdēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
walkōdēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
walkōdēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
walkōdēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
walkōdēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
walkōdēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
walkōdēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
walkōdēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
walkōdēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
walkōdēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
walkōdēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
walkōndz (active participle present)
walkōdaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *walkōn
Old English: wealcian
Middle English: walken, walk, walke, walkyn, wolken (conflated with wealcan)
English: walk, waulk
Scots: walk
Old Frisian: *walkia
Saterland Frisian: walkje
West Frisian: walkje
Old Saxon: *walkōn, *walkōjan
Middle Low German: walken
Low German: walken
Old Dutch: *walkōn
Middle Dutch: walken
Dutch: walken
Old High German: *walkōn
Middle High German: walken
German: walken

Old Norse: valka, válka

Icelandic: valka, volka

Faroese: válka

Norwegian Bokmål: valke

Swedish: valka

Danish: valke

From Proto-Indo-European *wolg- (“to twist; turn; move”).


lahtrą

lahtrą (nominative singular)
lahtrō (nominative plural)
lahtrą (singular vocative)
lahtrō (plural vocative)
lahtrą (accusative singular)
lahtrō (accusative plural)
lahtras (genitive singular)
lahtris (genitive singular)
lahtrǫ̂ (genitive plural)
lahtrai (dative singular)
lahtramaz (dative plural)
lahtrō (instrumental singular)
lahtramiz (instrumental plural)

Old Norse: látr

Icelandic: látur

Faroese: látur

Possibly an o-grade variant of *lehtrą, but more likely, together with the formation *lōgą, it implies an unattested *laganą + *-þrą.


laubą

laubą (nominative singular)
laubō (nominative plural)
laubą (singular vocative)
laubō (plural vocative)
laubą (accusative singular)
laubō (accusative plural)
laubas (genitive singular)
laubis (genitive singular)
laubǫ̂ (genitive plural)
laubai (dative singular)
laubamaz (dative plural)
laubō (instrumental singular)
laubamiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *laub
Old English: lēaf
Middle English: leef, lefe, leve, lewe
English: leaf
Tok Pisin: lip
Scots: leaf, lefe, leif
Yola: laafe
Old Frisian: lāf
North Frisian: lof, luf
Saterland Frisian: Loof, Loouw, Looch
West Frisian: leaf
Old Saxon: lōf
Middle Low German: lôf
German Low German: Loov
Westphalian:
Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Läuf
Westmünsterländisch: Loof
Plautdietsch: Loof
Old Dutch: lōf
Middle Dutch: lôof
Dutch: loof
Afrikaans: lof
Limburgish: louf
Old High German: loub
German: Laub

Old Norse: lauf
Icelandic: lauf
Faroese: leyv
Norwegian Nynorsk: lauv
→ Norwegian Bokmål: lauv
Elfdalian: lov
Old Swedish: lø̄f
Swedish: löv
Danish: løv
Norwegian Bokmål: løv
Gutnish: lau, laug, lavv

Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃 m (laufs)

Differing explanations:
* From Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to break, flake or peel off, shed; rind, leaf”).
* From pre-Germanic *lowpóm, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to bend, peel, tear, damage”).
The connection, if any, between these two roots is unknown.


nazō

nazō (nominative singular)
nazôz (nominative plural)
nazō (singular vocative)
nazôz (plural vocative)
nazǭ (accusative singular)
nazōz (accusative plural)
nazōz (genitive singular)
nazǫ̂ (genitive plural)
nazōi (dative singular)
nazōmaz (dative plural)
nazō (instrumental singular)
nazōmiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: nearu, neru (in ealdorneru)

Old Saxon: nara (in līfnara)

Middle Low German: nar; lîfnāre

Old Dutch: nara (in līfnara)

Old High German: nara; lībnara

Middle High German: nare

From Proto-Indo-European *nes- (“to return; recover; make whole”).


nōzijaną

nōzijō (active first-person indicative singular)
nōzijaų (active first-person singular subjunctive)
nōzijai (first-person indicative passive singular)
nōzīsi (active indicative second-person singular)
nōzijais (active second-person singular subjunctive)
nōzī (active imperative second-person singular)
nōzijasai (indicative passive second-person singular)
nōzijaisau (passive second-person singular subjunctive)
nōzīþi (active indicative singular third-person)
nōzijai (active singular subjunctive third-person)
nōzijaþau (active imperative singular third-person)
nōzijaþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
nōzijaiþau (passive singular subjunctive third-person)
nōzijōs (active dual first-person indicative)
nōzijaiw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
nōzijaþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
nōzijaiþiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
nōzijaþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
nōzijamaz (active first-person indicative plural)
nōzijaim (active first-person plural subjunctive)
nōzijanþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
nōzijainþau (first-person passive plural subjunctive)
nōzīþ (active indicative plural second-person)
nōzijaiþ (active plural second-person subjunctive)
nōzīþ (active imperative plural second-person)
nōzijanþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
nōzijainþau (passive plural second-person subjunctive)
nōzijanþi (active indicative plural third-person)
nōzijain (active plural subjunctive third-person)
nōzijanþau (active imperative plural third-person)
nōzijanþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
nōzijainþau (passive plural subjunctive third-person)
nōzidǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
nōzidēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
nōzidēz (active indicative second-person singular)
nōzidēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
nōzidē (active indicative singular third-person)
nōzidēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
nōzidēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
nōzidēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
nōzidēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
nōzidēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
nōzidēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
nōzidēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
nōzidēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
nōzidēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
nōzidēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
nōzidēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
nōzijandz (active participle present)
nōzidaz (active participle past subjunctive)

Old Norse: nœra

Icelandic: næra

Faroese: nøra

Norwegian: nøre

Old Swedish: *nø̄ra

Swedish: nöra (dialectal)

Secondary causative of a lost strong verb *nasaną, from the same root as *nesaną and *nazjaną.


gagulaz

gagulaz (nominative singular)
gagulōz (nominative plural)
gagulōs (nominative plural)
gagul (singular vocative)
gagulōz (plural vocative)
gagulōs (plural vocative)
gagulą (accusative singular)
gagulanz (accusative plural)
gagulas (genitive singular)
gagulis (genitive singular)
gagulǫ̂ (genitive plural)
gagulai (dative singular)
gagulamaz (dative plural)
gagulō (instrumental singular)
gagulamiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: gagel m; gagelle, gagolle f

desc

Middle English: gagel, gaȝel, gawyl, gawl, gail

Scots: gale, gaal, gaul

English: gale

Old Frisian: *gal

West Frisian: galjes (plural)

Old Saxon: *gagal

Middle Low German: gāgel

Old Dutch: *gagal

Middle Dutch: gagel

Dutch: gagel

Old High German: gagel (in gagelrīs)

Middle High German: gagel

German: Gagel

Old Norse: gagl (in gaglviðr)

Icelandic: gaglviður


skīmô

skīmô (nominative singular)
skīmaniz (nominative plural)
skīmô (singular vocative)
skīmaniz (plural vocative)
skīmanų (accusative singular)
skīmanunz (accusative plural)
skīminiz (genitive singular)
skīmanǫ̂ (genitive plural)
skīmini (dative singular)
skīmammaz (dative plural)
skīminē (instrumental singular)
skīmammiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: sċīma; (sċima)

⇒ Middle English: schym (adj)

Old Frisian: *skīma

Saterland Frisian: Skieme

West Frisian: skim, skym

Old Saxon: skīmo, scīmo

Old Dutch: *skīmo

(Middle Dutch: schim, schem)

(Dutch: schim)

Old High German: skīmo

Middle High German: schīme; (schëme)

Old Norse: skími; (skimi); (skim)

Norwegian: skime

Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 (skeima)

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeyh₁- (“to shimmer; shadow”) with a suffix *-mô, from Proto-Indo-European *-mō.


skraudō

skraudō (nominative singular)
skraudôz (nominative plural)
skraudō (singular vocative)
skraudôz (plural vocative)
skraudǭ (accusative singular)
skraudōz (accusative plural)
skraudōz (genitive singular)
skraudǫ̂ (genitive plural)
skraudōi (dative singular)
skraudōmaz (dative plural)
skraudō (instrumental singular)
skraudōmiz (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *skraudu
Old English: sċrēad
Middle English: shrede, shred
Scots: screid, skreid, schred, schreid
English: shred
Old Frisian: skrēd
Old Dutch: *scrōda
Middle Dutch: schrôde
Dutch: schroot
Old High German: scrōt
Middle High German: schrōt, schrāt
German: Schrot
Luxembourgish: Schrout
→ Old French: escroe, escrowe, escrouwe
Middle French: escroe
→ Middle English: escrowe, ascrowe
English: escrow
→ Middle English: scrowe, scrouwe
⇒ Middle English: scrowle, scrolle (influenced by rolle)
English: scroll

Old Norse: skrjóðr


grindō

grindō (nominative singular)
grindôz (nominative plural)
grindō (singular vocative)
grindôz (plural vocative)
grindǭ (accusative singular)
grindōz (accusative plural)
grindōz (genitive singular)
grindǫ̂ (genitive plural)
grindōi (dative singular)
grindōmaz (dative plural)
grindō (instrumental singular)
grindōmiz (instrumental plural)

Old English: grinde f

Old Frisian: *grind, *grint

West Frisian: grint

Old Saxon: *grind

Middle Low German: grint m

German Low German: Grind

Old Dutch: *grinda

Middle Dutch: grinde, grint f

Dutch: grind

Afrikaans: grint

Old High German: grint, grient m

Middle High German: grint

German: Grind

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ- (“to crush”).


hiurijaz

*hiurijaz (ja-stem)

hiurijaz (masculine nominative singular strong)
hiurijai (masculine nominative plural strong)
hiurijō (feminine nominative singular strong)
hiurijôz (feminine nominative plural strong)
hiuriją (neuter nominative singular strong)
-atō (neuter nominative singular strong)
hiurijō (neuter nominative plural strong)
hiurijanǭ (accusative masculine singular strong)
hiurijanz (accusative masculine plural strong)
hiurijǭ (accusative feminine singular strong)
hiurijōz (accusative feminine plural strong)
hiuriją (accusative neuter singular strong)
-atō (accusative neuter singular strong)
hiurijō (accusative neuter plural strong)
hiurijas (genitive masculine singular strong)
-īs (genitive masculine singular strong)
hiurijaizǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural strong)
hiurijaizōz (feminine genitive singular strong)
hiurijaizǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural strong)
hiurijas (genitive neuter singular strong)
-īs (genitive neuter singular strong)
hiurijaizǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural strong)
hiurijammai (dative masculine singular strong)
hiurijaimaz (dative masculine plural strong)
hiurijaizōi (dative feminine singular strong)
hiurijaimaz (dative feminine plural strong)
hiurijammai (dative neuter singular strong)
hiurijaimaz (dative neuter plural strong)
hiurijanō (instrumental masculine singular strong)
hiurijaimiz (instrumental masculine plural strong)
hiurijaizō (feminine instrumental singular strong)
hiurijaimiz (feminine instrumental plural strong)
hiurijanō (instrumental neuter singular strong)
hiurijaimiz (instrumental neuter plural strong)
hiurijô (masculine nominative singular weak)
hiurijaniz (masculine nominative plural weak)
hiurijǭ (feminine nominative singular weak)
hiurijōniz (feminine nominative plural weak)
hiurijô (neuter nominative singular weak)
hiurijōnō (neuter nominative plural weak)
hiurijanų (accusative masculine singular weak)
hiurijanunz (accusative masculine plural weak)
hiurijōnų (accusative feminine singular weak)
hiurijōnunz (accusative feminine plural weak)
hiurijô (accusative neuter singular weak)
hiurijōnō (accusative neuter plural weak)
hiurīniz (genitive masculine singular weak)
hiurijanǫ̂ (genitive masculine plural weak)
hiurijōniz (feminine genitive singular weak)
hiurijōnǫ̂ (feminine genitive plural weak)
hiurīniz (genitive neuter singular weak)
hiurijanǫ̂ (genitive neuter plural weak)
hiurīni (dative masculine singular weak)
hiurijammaz (dative masculine plural weak)
hiurijōni (dative feminine singular weak)
hiurijōmaz (dative feminine plural weak)
hiurīni (dative neuter singular weak)
hiurijammaz (dative neuter plural weak)
hiurīnē (instrumental masculine singular weak)
hiurijammiz (instrumental masculine plural weak)
hiurijōnē (feminine instrumental singular weak)
hiurijōmiz (feminine instrumental plural weak)
hiurīnē (instrumental neuter singular weak)
hiurijammiz (instrumental neuter plural weak)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *hiurī
Old English: hēore, hīere, hȳre, hīore, hīre, hēre
Middle English: here, her, hær, harey
English: here
Old Saxon: *hiuri
Middle Low German: hü̂re
Old High German: hiuri

⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *gahiurī
Old Saxon: *gihiuri
Middle Low German: gehü̂re
German Low German:
Altmärkisch: gehü̂re
Westphalian:
Ravensbergisch-Lippisch, Sauerländisch: gehuier
Sauerländisch: gehöier (Brilon), gehūer (Niedersfeld), gehǖer (Attendorn, Drolshagen, Olpe), jehoier (Wenden)
Old Dutch: *gihiuri
Middle Dutch: gehiere, gehure
Dutch: guur
Old High German: *gihiuri
Middle High German: gehiure
German: geheuer

⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *unhiurī
Old English: unhīere, unhȳre, unhēore
Middle English: unhere, unhire
Old Frisian: *unjiūre
West Frisian: ûnhuer, njoer
Old Saxon: unhiuri
Middle Low German: unhûre
Old High German: unhiuri
Middle High German: unhiure

Old Norse: hýrr
Icelandic: hýr
Faroese: hýrur

⇒ Old Norse: úhýrr, óhýrr

Icelandic: óhýr

Norwegian: uhyre

Old Swedish: ohyris

Swedish: ohyra

Danish: uhyre

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱeywo- (“trusted; familiar”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱey- (“to recline; settle”).


wardāną

wardō (active first-person indicative singular)
wardaisi (active indicative second-person singular)
wardai (active imperative second-person singular)
wardāsai (indicative passive second-person singular)
wardaiþi (active indicative singular third-person)
wardāþau (active imperative singular third-person)
wardāþai (indicative passive singular third-person)
wardōs (active dual first-person indicative)
wardāþiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wardāþiz (active dual imperative second-person)
wardāmaz (active first-person indicative plural)
wardānþai (first-person indicative passive plural)
wardaiþ (active indicative plural second-person)
wardaiþ (active imperative plural second-person)
wardānþai (indicative passive plural second-person)
wardānþi (active indicative plural third-person)
wardānþau (active imperative plural third-person)
wardānþai (indicative passive plural third-person)
wardadǭ (active first-person indicative singular)
wardadēdį̄ (active first-person singular subjunctive)
wardadēz (active indicative second-person singular)
wardadēdīz (active second-person singular subjunctive)
wardadē (active indicative singular third-person)
wardadēdī (active singular subjunctive third-person)
wardadēdū (active dual first-person indicative)
wardadēdīw (active dual first-person subjunctive)
wardadēdudiz (active dual indicative second-person)
wardadēdīdiz (active dual second-person subjunctive)
wardadēdum (active first-person indicative plural)
wardadēdīm (active first-person plural subjunctive)
wardadēdud (active indicative plural second-person)
wardadēdīd (active plural second-person subjunctive)
wardadēdun (active indicative plural third-person)
wardadēdīn (active plural subjunctive third-person)
wardāndz (active participle present)
wardadaz (active participle past subjunctive)

desctree

Proto-West Germanic: *wardēn
Old English: weardian
Middle English: warden
English: ward
Old Saxon: wardon
Middle Low German: warden, wārden
Old Dutch: wardon
Middle Dutch: warden
Dutch: warden
Old High German: wartēn
Middle High German: warten
Central Franconian: waade, waarde
German: warten
Hunsrik: waarte
Luxembourgish: waarden
Yiddish: וואַרטן (vartn)
→ Early Medieval Latin: wardō (see there for further descendants)

Old Norse: varða

Icelandic: varða

Old Swedish: varþa, vārdha

Swedish: vårda

→ Proto-Finnic: *vartodak (see there for further descendants)

→ Proto-Samic: *vuortētēk (see there for further descendants)

From *warduz (“a guard”) + *-āną or *wardō (“protection”) + *-āną.