kaccodak

kacco- (stem)
kac'on (first-person present singular)
kac'oin (first-person past singular)
kaccogon (first-person optative singular)
kac'ot (present second-person singular)
kac'oit (past second-person singular)
kac'ok (imperative second-person singular)
kaccogos (optative second-person singular)
kaccobi (present singular third-person)
kacco (present singular third-person)
kaccoi (past singular third-person)
kaccogasën (imperative singular third-person)
kaccogosën (optative singular third-person)
kac'okmëk (first-person plural present)
kac'okmak (first-person plural present)
kaccoimëk (first-person past plural)
kaccoimak (first-person past plural)
kaccogatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
kaccogatamak (first-person imperative plural)
kaccogotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
kaccogotamak (first-person optative plural)
kac'oktëk (plural present second-person)
kac'oktak (plural present second-person)
kaccoidëk (past plural second-person)
kaccoidak (past plural second-person)
kaccogatë (imperative plural second-person)
kaccogata (imperative plural second-person)
kaccogot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
kaccogotadak (optative plural second-person)
kaccobat (plural present third-person)
kacco (plural present third-person)
kaccoi (past plural third-person)
kaccogasën (imperative plural third-person)
kaccogosën (optative plural third-person)
kac'oksën (passive present)
kac'ot'aksën (passive present)
kaccodisën (passive past)
kac'ottisën (passive past)
kaccodakahën (imperative passive)
kac'ottakahën (imperative passive)
kaccodakohën (optative passive)
kac'ottakohën (optative passive)
kac'ok (connegative present)
kaccogak (connegative imperative)
kaccogok (connegative optative)
kac'oktak (connegative passive present)
kaccodagak (connegative imperative passive)
kac'ottagak (connegative imperative passive)
kaccodagok (connegative optative passive)
kac'ottagok (connegative optative passive)
kac'okcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
kaccoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
kacconën (first-person potential singular)
kac'okcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
kaccoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
kacconët (potential second-person singular)
kac'okci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
kaccoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
kacconi (potential singular third-person)
kac'okcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kac'okcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kaccoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kaccoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kacconëmëk (first-person plural potential)
kacconëmak (first-person plural potential)
kac'okcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kac'okcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kaccoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kaccoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kacconëdëk (plural potential second-person)
kacconëdak (plural potential second-person)
kac'okci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
kaccoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
kacconi (plural potential third-person)
kaccodakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kac'ot'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kaccodicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kac'otticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kaccodanëhën (passive potential)
kac'ottanëhën (passive potential)
kac'okcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
kaccoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
kacconëk (connegative potential)
kaccodakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kac'ot'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kaccodicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kac'otticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kaccodanëk (connegative passive potential)
kac'ottanëk (connegative passive potential)
kaccodak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
kaccoba (active participle present)
kaccodapa (participle passive present)
kac'ottapa (participle passive present)
kaccodë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
kacconut (active participle past)
kaccodu (participle passive past)
kac'ottu (participle passive past)
kaccoma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
kaccominen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: katsuma/katsuda

Finnish: katsoa

Ingrian: katsoa

Karelian: kaččuo

Livvi: kaččuo

Ludian: kaccoda

Veps: kacta

Votic: kattsoa

Unknown. Compare with Proto-Samic *keaččëtēk. There are two proposals, neither of which is convincing:
* comparison with Komi-Zyrian казявны (kaźavny), presuming a Proto-Finno-Permic *kaće-
* comparison with Icelandic gæta (“watch over, look after”) and English gaze, presuming borrowing from a Proto-Germanic *gātja- (now rather reconstructed as Proto-Germanic *ganhatjaną).


sotkëdak

sotkë- (stem)
sotkën (first-person present singular)
sotkin (first-person past singular)
sotkëgon (first-person optative singular)
sotkët (present second-person singular)
sotkit (past second-person singular)
sotkëk (imperative second-person singular)
sotkëgos (optative second-person singular)
sotkëbi (present singular third-person)
sotki (present singular third-person)
sotki (past singular third-person)
sotkëgasën (imperative singular third-person)
sotkëgosën (optative singular third-person)
sotkëkmëk (first-person plural present)
sotkëkmak (first-person plural present)
sotkimëk (first-person past plural)
sotkimak (first-person past plural)
sotkëgatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
sotkëgatamak (first-person imperative plural)
sotkëgotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
sotkëgotamak (first-person optative plural)
sotkëktëk (plural present second-person)
sotkëktak (plural present second-person)
sotkidëk (past plural second-person)
sotkidak (past plural second-person)
sotkëgatë (imperative plural second-person)
sotkëgata (imperative plural second-person)
sotkëgot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
sotkëgotadak (optative plural second-person)
sotkëbat (plural present third-person)
sotki (plural present third-person)
sotki (past plural third-person)
sotkëgasën (imperative plural third-person)
sotkëgosën (optative plural third-person)
sotkëksën (passive present)
sotkët'aksën (passive present)
sotkëdisën (passive past)
sotkëttisën (passive past)
sotkëdakahën (imperative passive)
sotkëttakahën (imperative passive)
sotkëdakohën (optative passive)
sotkëttakohën (optative passive)
sotkëk (connegative present)
sotkëgak (connegative imperative)
sotkëgok (connegative optative)
sotkëktak (connegative passive present)
sotkëdagak (connegative imperative passive)
sotkëttagak (connegative imperative passive)
sotkëdagok (connegative optative passive)
sotkëttagok (connegative optative passive)
sotkëkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
sotkicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
sotkënën (first-person potential singular)
sotkëkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
sotkicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
sotkënët (potential second-person singular)
sotkëkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
sotkici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
sotkëni (potential singular third-person)
sotkëkcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
sotkëkcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
sotkicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
sotkicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
sotkënëmëk (first-person plural potential)
sotkënëmak (first-person plural potential)
sotkëkcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
sotkëkcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
sotkicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
sotkicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
sotkënëdëk (plural potential second-person)
sotkënëdak (plural potential second-person)
sotkëkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
sotkici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
sotkëni (plural potential third-person)
sotkëdakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
sotkët'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
sotkëdicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
sotkëtticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
sotkëdanëhën (passive potential)
sotkëttanëhën (passive potential)
sotkëkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
sotkicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
sotkënëk (connegative potential)
sotkëdakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
sotkët'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
sotkëdicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
sotkëtticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
sotkëdanëk (connegative passive potential)
sotkëttanëk (connegative passive potential)
sotkëdak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
sotkëba (active participle present)
sotkëdapa (participle passive present)
sotkëttapa (participle passive present)
sotkëdë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
sotkënut (active participle past)
sotkëdu (participle passive past)
sotkëttu (participle passive past)
sotkëma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
sotkëminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: sõtkuma/sõtkuda

Finnish: sotkea

Ingrian: sotkia

Karelian: sotkie

Livonian: suotkõ

Livvi: sotkie

Ludian: sotkida

Veps: sotkta

Võro: sõkma/sõkkuq

Votic: sõtkõa (Lempola), ⇒ sõtkoa


hërkku

hërkku (nominative singular)
hërk'ut (nominative plural)
hërk'un (accusative singular)
hërk'ut (accusative plural)
hërk'un (genitive singular)
hërkkudën (genitive plural)
hërkkuidën (genitive plural)
hërkkuda (partitive singular)
hërkkuida (partitive plural)
hërk'ussa (inessive singular)
hërk'uhna (inessive singular)
hërk'uissa (inessive plural)
hërk'uihna (inessive plural)
hërk'usta (elative singular)
hërk'uista (elative plural)
hërkkuhën (illative singular)
hërkkuihën (illative plural)
hërk'ulla (adessive singular)
hërk'uilla (adessive plural)
hërk'ulta (ablative singular)
hërk'uilta (ablative plural)
hërkkulën (allative singular)
hërkkulëk (allative singular)
hërkkuilën (allative plural)
hërkkuilëk (allative plural)
hërkkuna (essive singular)
hërkkuina (essive plural)
hërk'uksi (singular translative)
hërk'uiksi (plural translative)
hërk'un (instructive singular)
hërk'uin (instructive plural)
hërkkunëk (comitative singular)
hërkkuinëk (comitative plural)
hërk'utta (abessive singular)
hërk'uitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: hõrk

Finnish: herkku

→ Northern Sami: hersko

Ingrian: herkku

→ Votic: herkku

Karelian: herkku

Livvi: herkku

Votic: (Mati, Pummala) erkku

Possibly *herkkä + *-u. Perhaps either in the sense of "something that easily goes down the mouth", or the development could be compared to that of English delicate.


ülpedä

ülpedä (nominative singular)
ülpedät (nominative plural)
ülpedän (accusative singular)
ülpedät (accusative plural)
ülpedän (genitive singular)
ülpedäden (genitive plural)
ülpedeiden (genitive plural)
ülpedätä (partitive singular)
ülpedeitä (partitive plural)
ülpedässä (inessive singular)
ülpedähnä (inessive singular)
ülpedeissä (inessive plural)
ülpedeihnä (inessive plural)
ülpedästä (elative singular)
ülpedeistä (elative plural)
ülpedäsen (illative singular)
ülpedeisen (illative plural)
ülpedällä (adessive singular)
ülpedeillä (adessive plural)
ülpedältä (ablative singular)
ülpedeiltä (ablative plural)
ülpedälen (allative singular)
ülpedälek (allative singular)
ülpedeilen (allative plural)
ülpedeilek (allative plural)
ülpedänä (essive singular)
ülpedeinä (essive plural)
ülpedäksi (singular translative)
ülpedeiksi (plural translative)
ülpedän (instructive singular)
ülpedein (instructive plural)
ülpedänek (comitative singular)
ülpedeinek (comitative plural)
ülpedättä (abessive singular)
ülpedeittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: ülbe

Finnish: ylpeä

→ Inari Sami: ilbâd

→ Northern Sami: hilbat

Ingrian: ylpiä

Karelian:

North Karelian: ylpie

South Karelian: ylbie

Livvi: ylbei

Votic: ülpiä

Possibly derived from *ülä with + *-edä, although the origin of the *-p- is unclear.


nüci

nüci (nominative singular)
nüdet (nominative plural)
nüden (accusative singular)
nüdet (accusative plural)
nüden (genitive singular)
nüt'en (genitive plural)
nüciden (genitive plural)
nüttä (partitive singular)
nücidä (partitive plural)
nüdessä (inessive singular)
nüdehnä (inessive singular)
nücissä (inessive plural)
nücihnä (inessive plural)
nüdestä (elative singular)
nücistä (elative plural)
nütehen (illative singular)
nücihen (illative plural)
nüdellä (adessive singular)
nücillä (adessive plural)
nüdeltä (ablative singular)
nüciltä (ablative plural)
nütelen (allative singular)
nütelek (allative singular)
nücilen (allative plural)
nücilek (allative plural)
nünnä (essive singular)
nücinä (essive plural)
nüdeksi (singular translative)
nüciksi (plural translative)
nüden (instructive singular)
nücin (instructive plural)
nünnek (comitative singular)
nücinek (comitative plural)
nüdettä (abessive singular)
nücittä (abessive plural)

Finnish: (archaic) nysi, nysä

Estonian: lüsi

Finnish: lysi (dialectal)

Ingrian: lysi

Karelian: lysi

Votic: lüsi


aivastadak

aivasta- (stem)
aivastan (first-person present singular)
aivastoin (first-person past singular)
aivastagon (first-person optative singular)
aivastat (present second-person singular)
aivastoit (past second-person singular)
aivastak (imperative second-person singular)
aivastagos (optative second-person singular)
aivastapi (present singular third-person)
aivasta (present singular third-person)
aivastoi (past singular third-person)
aivastakahën (imperative singular third-person)
aivastakohën (optative singular third-person)
aivastakmëk (first-person plural present)
aivastakmak (first-person plural present)
aivastoimëk (first-person past plural)
aivastoimak (first-person past plural)
aivastakadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
aivastakadamak (first-person imperative plural)
aivastakodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
aivastakodamak (first-person optative plural)
aivastaktëk (plural present second-person)
aivastaktak (plural present second-person)
aivastoidëk (past plural second-person)
aivastoidak (past plural second-person)
aivastakadë (imperative plural second-person)
aivastakada (imperative plural second-person)
aivastagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
aivastakodadak (optative plural second-person)
aivastabat (plural present third-person)
aivasta (plural present third-person)
aivastoi (past plural third-person)
aivastakahën (imperative plural third-person)
aivastakohën (optative plural third-person)
aivastaksën (passive present)
aivastat'aksën (passive present)
aivastatihën (passive past)
aivastattihën (passive past)
aivastatagasën (imperative passive)
aivastattagasën (imperative passive)
aivastatagosën (optative passive)
aivastattagosën (optative passive)
aivastak (connegative present)
aivastagak (connegative imperative)
aivastagok (connegative optative)
aivastaktak (connegative passive present)
aivastatagak (connegative imperative passive)
aivastattagak (connegative imperative passive)
aivastatagok (connegative optative passive)
aivastattagok (connegative optative passive)
aivastakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
aivastoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
aivastanën (first-person potential singular)
aivastakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
aivastoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
aivastanët (potential second-person singular)
aivastakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
aivastoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
aivastani (potential singular third-person)
aivastakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
aivastakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
aivastoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
aivastoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
aivastanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
aivastanëmak (first-person plural potential)
aivastakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
aivastakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
aivastoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
aivastoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
aivastanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
aivastanëdak (plural potential second-person)
aivastakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
aivastoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
aivastani (plural potential third-person)
aivastadakcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
aivastat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
aivastaticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
aivastatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
aivastatanësën (passive potential)
aivastattanësën (passive potential)
aivastakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
aivastoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
aivastanëk (connegative potential)
aivastadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
aivastat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
aivastaticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
aivastatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
aivastatanëk (connegative passive potential)
aivastattanëk (connegative passive potential)
aivastadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
aivastapa (active participle present)
aivastataba (participle passive present)
aivastattaba (participle passive present)
aivastatë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
aivastanut (active participle past)
aivastatu (participle passive past)
aivastattu (participle passive past)
aivastama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
aivastaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: aevastama/aevastada

Finnish: aivastaa

Ingrian: aivastaa

⇒ Karelian:

North Karelian: (dialectal) aivaštautuo

Võro: aivastama/aivastaq

desc

Votic: aivõssa (Mati, Pummala, Lempola), ⇒ aivõsõllõ


heldeh

heldeh (nominative singular)
heltehet (nominative plural)
heltehen (accusative singular)
heltehet (accusative plural)
heltehen (genitive singular)
heldehten (genitive plural)
heltehiden (genitive plural)
heldehtä (partitive singular)
heltehitä (partitive plural)
heltehessä (inessive singular)
heltehehnä (inessive singular)
heltehissä (inessive plural)
heltehihnä (inessive plural)
heltehestä (elative singular)
heltehistä (elative plural)
heltehesen (illative singular)
heltehisen (illative plural)
heltehellä (adessive singular)
heltehillä (adessive plural)
helteheltä (ablative singular)
heltehiltä (ablative plural)
heltehelen (allative singular)
heltehelek (allative singular)
heltehilen (allative plural)
heltehilek (allative plural)
heltehenä (essive singular)
heltehinä (essive plural)
helteheksi (singular translative)
heltehiksi (plural translative)
heltehen (instructive singular)
heltehin (instructive plural)
heltehenek (comitative singular)
heltehinek (comitative plural)
heltehettä (abessive singular)
heltehittä (abessive plural)

Finnish: helle

Karelian: helleh

From earlier *šelteš, borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian silts and Lithuanian šiltas).


riideldäk

riitele- (stem)
riitelen (first-person present singular)
riitelin (first-person past singular)
riidelgon (first-person optative singular)
riitelet (present second-person singular)
riitelit (past second-person singular)
riitelek (imperative second-person singular)
riidelgos (optative second-person singular)
riitelepi (present singular third-person)
riidel (present singular third-person)
riiteli (past singular third-person)
riidelkäsen (imperative singular third-person)
riidelkosen (optative singular third-person)
riitelekmek (first-person plural present)
riitelekmäk (first-person plural present)
riitelimek (first-person past plural)
riitelimäk (first-person past plural)
riidelkätemek (first-person imperative plural)
riidelkätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
riidelkotemek (first-person optative plural)
riidelkotämäk (first-person optative plural)
riitelektek (plural present second-person)
riitelektäk (plural present second-person)
riitelidek (past plural second-person)
riitelidäk (past plural second-person)
riidelkäte (imperative plural second-person)
riidelkätä (imperative plural second-person)
riidelgot'ek (optative plural second-person)
riidelkotädäk (optative plural second-person)
riitelebät (plural present third-person)
riidel (plural present third-person)
riiteli (past plural third-person)
riidelkäsen (imperative plural third-person)
riidelkosen (optative plural third-person)
riiteleksen (passive present)
riitelet'äksen (passive present)
riideltisen (passive past)
riitelettihen (passive past)
riideltäkähen (imperative passive)
riitelettägäsen (imperative passive)
riideltäkohen (optative passive)
riitelettägosen (optative passive)
riitelek (connegative present)
riidelgäk (connegative imperative)
riidelgok (connegative optative)
riitelektäk (connegative passive present)
riideltägäk (connegative imperative passive)
riitelettägäk (connegative imperative passive)
riideltägok (connegative optative passive)
riitelettägok (connegative optative passive)
riitelekcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
riitelicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
riidellen (first-person potential singular)
riitelekcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
riitelicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
riidellet (potential second-person singular)
riitelekci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
riitelici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
riidelli (potential singular third-person)
riitelekcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
riitelekcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
riitelicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
riitelicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
riidellemek (first-person plural potential)
riidellemäk (first-person plural potential)
riitelekcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
riitelekcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
riitelicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
riitelicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
riidelledek (plural potential second-person)
riidelledäk (plural potential second-person)
riitelekci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
riitelici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
riidelli (plural potential third-person)
riideldäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
riitelet'äkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
riidelticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
riiteletticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
riideltänehen (passive potential)
riitelettänesen (passive potential)
riitelekcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
riitelicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
riidellek (connegative potential)
riideldäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
riitelet'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
riidelticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
riiteletticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
riideltänek (connegative passive potential)
riitelettänek (connegative passive potential)
riideldäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
riitelepä (active participle present)
riideltäpä (participle passive present)
riitelettäbä (participle passive present)
riidelte- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
riidellüt (active participle past)
riideltü (participle passive past)
riitelettü (participle passive past)
riitelemä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
riiteleminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: riidlema/riielda

Finnish: riidellä

Ingrian: riijellä

Karelian: riijellä

Livonian: rīdļõ

Livvi: rijjellä

Ludian: riideldä

Veps: riidelta

Votic: riijjõllõ, (Pummala) ridʹdʹõlla


näitoi

näitoi (nominative singular)
näidoit (nominative plural)
näidoin (accusative singular)
näidoit (accusative plural)
näidoin (genitive singular)
näitoidën (genitive plural)
näitoida (partitive singular)
näitoida (partitive plural)
näidoissa (inessive singular)
näidoihna (inessive singular)
näidoissa (inessive plural)
näidoihna (inessive plural)
näidoista (elative singular)
näidoista (elative plural)
näitoihën (illative singular)
näitoihën (illative plural)
näidoilla (adessive singular)
näidoilla (adessive plural)
näidoilta (ablative singular)
näidoilta (ablative plural)
näitoilën (allative singular)
näitoilëk (allative singular)
näitoilën (allative plural)
näitoilëk (allative plural)
näitoina (essive singular)
näitoina (essive plural)
näidoiksi (singular translative)
näidoiksi (plural translative)
näidoin (instructive singular)
näidoin (instructive plural)
näitoinëk (comitative singular)
näitoinëk (comitative plural)
näidoitta (abessive singular)
näidoitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: neiu

Finnish: neito

Ingrian: neito

Karelian:

North Karelian: neito

South Karelian: neidoi

Livvi: neidoi

Ludian: neidoi

Veps: neidoo

Võro: näio

Votic: (Jõgõperä, Rajo) neito


paimëntadak

paimënta- (stem)
paimëndan (first-person present singular)
paimëndoin (first-person past singular)
paimëntagon (first-person optative singular)
paimëndat (present second-person singular)
paimëndoit (past second-person singular)
paimëndak (imperative second-person singular)
paimëntagos (optative second-person singular)
paimëntapi (present singular third-person)
paimënta (present singular third-person)
paimëntoi (past singular third-person)
paimëntakahën (imperative singular third-person)
paimëntakohën (optative singular third-person)
paimëndakmëk (first-person plural present)
paimëndakmak (first-person plural present)
paimëntoimëk (first-person past plural)
paimëntoimak (first-person past plural)
paimëntakadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
paimëntakadamak (first-person imperative plural)
paimëntakodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
paimëntakodamak (first-person optative plural)
paimëndaktëk (plural present second-person)
paimëndaktak (plural present second-person)
paimëntoidëk (past plural second-person)
paimëntoidak (past plural second-person)
paimëntakadë (imperative plural second-person)
paimëntakada (imperative plural second-person)
paimëntagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
paimëntakodadak (optative plural second-person)
paimëntabat (plural present third-person)
paimënta (plural present third-person)
paimëntoi (past plural third-person)
paimëntakahën (imperative plural third-person)
paimëntakohën (optative plural third-person)
paimëndaksën (passive present)
paimëndat'aksën (passive present)
paimëntatihën (passive past)
paimëndattihën (passive past)
paimëntatagasën (imperative passive)
paimëndattagasën (imperative passive)
paimëntatagosën (optative passive)
paimëndattagosën (optative passive)
paimëndak (connegative present)
paimëntagak (connegative imperative)
paimëntagok (connegative optative)
paimëndaktak (connegative passive present)
paimëntatagak (connegative imperative passive)
paimëndattagak (connegative imperative passive)
paimëntatagok (connegative optative passive)
paimëndattagok (connegative optative passive)
paimëndakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
paimëntoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
paimëntanën (first-person potential singular)
paimëndakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
paimëntoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
paimëntanët (potential second-person singular)
paimëndakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
paimëntoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
paimëntani (potential singular third-person)
paimëndakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
paimëndakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
paimëntoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
paimëntoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
paimëntanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
paimëntanëmak (first-person plural potential)
paimëndakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
paimëndakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
paimëntoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
paimëntoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
paimëntanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
paimëntanëdak (plural potential second-person)
paimëndakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
paimëntoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
paimëntani (plural potential third-person)
paimëntadakcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
paimëndat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
paimëntaticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
paimëndatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
paimëntatanësën (passive potential)
paimëndattanësën (passive potential)
paimëndakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
paimëntoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
paimëntanëk (connegative potential)
paimëntadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
paimëndat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
paimëntaticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
paimëndatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
paimëntatanëk (connegative passive potential)
paimëndattanëk (connegative passive potential)
paimëntadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
paimëntapa (active participle present)
paimëntataba (participle passive present)
paimëndattaba (participle passive present)
paimëntatë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
paimëntanut (active participle past)
paimëntatu (participle passive past)
paimëndattu (participle passive past)
paimëntama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
paimëntaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Finnish: paimentaa

Ingrian: paimentaa

Karelian:

North Karelian: paimentua

South Karelian: paimendua

Livvi: paimendua

Ludian: paimeta

Veps: paimeta

Võro: paimõndama/paimõndaq


vajaga

*vaja- + *-ga. From the same root as *vajot'ak (cf. Finnish vajota).


vajaga

vajaga (nominative singular)
vajagat (nominative plural)
vajagan (accusative singular)
vajagat (accusative plural)
vajagan (genitive singular)
vajagadën (genitive plural)
vajagoidën (genitive plural)
vajagata (partitive singular)
vajagoita (partitive plural)
vajagassa (inessive singular)
vajagahna (inessive singular)
vajagoissa (inessive plural)
vajagoihna (inessive plural)
vajagasta (elative singular)
vajagoista (elative plural)
vajagasën (illative singular)
vajagoisën (illative plural)
vajagalla (adessive singular)
vajagoilla (adessive plural)
vajagalta (ablative singular)
vajagoilta (ablative plural)
vajagalën (allative singular)
vajagalëk (allative singular)
vajagoilën (allative plural)
vajagoilëk (allative plural)
vajagana (essive singular)
vajagoina (essive plural)
vajagaksi (singular translative)
vajagoiksi (plural translative)
vajagan (instructive singular)
vajagoin (instructive plural)
vajaganëk (comitative singular)
vajagoinëk (comitative plural)
vajagatta (abessive singular)
vajagoitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: vaja

Finnish: vajaa

→ Inari Sami: vááijuv

→ Skolt Sami: väjja

→ Northern Sami: vádjit

Ingrian: vaijaa

Karelian: vajoa

Livonian: vajāg

→ Latvian: vajag

⇒ Latvian: vajadzēt

Livvi: vajai

Ludian: vajag

Veps: vajag

Võro: vajja, vaia

Votic: vajja, vajagõ


kürpä

kürpä (nominative singular)
kürbät (nominative plural)
kürbän (accusative singular)
kürbät (accusative plural)
kürbän (genitive singular)
kürpäden (genitive plural)
kürpeiden (genitive plural)
kürpädä (partitive singular)
kürpeidä (partitive plural)
kürbässä (inessive singular)
kürbähnä (inessive singular)
kürbeissä (inessive plural)
kürbeihnä (inessive plural)
kürbästä (elative singular)
kürbeistä (elative plural)
kürpähen (illative singular)
kürpeihen (illative plural)
kürbällä (adessive singular)
kürbeillä (adessive plural)
kürbältä (ablative singular)
kürbeiltä (ablative plural)
kürpälen (allative singular)
kürpälek (allative singular)
kürpeilen (allative plural)
kürpeilek (allative plural)
kürpänä (essive singular)
kürpeinä (essive plural)
kürbäksi (singular translative)
kürbeiksi (plural translative)
kürbän (instructive singular)
kürbein (instructive plural)
kürpänek (comitative singular)
kürpeinek (comitative plural)
kürbättä (abessive singular)
kürbeittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: kürb

Finnish: kyrpä

Ingrian: kyrpä

Karelian:

North Karelian: kyrpä

South Karelian: kyrbä

Livvi: kyrby

Ludian: kürb

Votic: (Rudja) tšürpä


kustudak

kustu- (stem)
kustun (first-person present singular)
kustuin (first-person past singular)
kustugon (first-person optative singular)
kustut (present second-person singular)
kustuit (past second-person singular)
kustuk (imperative second-person singular)
kustugos (optative second-person singular)
kustubi (present singular third-person)
kustu (present singular third-person)
kustui (past singular third-person)
kustugasën (imperative singular third-person)
kustugosën (optative singular third-person)
kustukmëk (first-person plural present)
kustukmak (first-person plural present)
kustuimëk (first-person past plural)
kustuimak (first-person past plural)
kustugatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
kustugatamak (first-person imperative plural)
kustugotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
kustugotamak (first-person optative plural)
kustuktëk (plural present second-person)
kustuktak (plural present second-person)
kustuidëk (past plural second-person)
kustuidak (past plural second-person)
kustugatë (imperative plural second-person)
kustugata (imperative plural second-person)
kustugot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
kustugotadak (optative plural second-person)
kustubat (plural present third-person)
kustu (plural present third-person)
kustui (past plural third-person)
kustugasën (imperative plural third-person)
kustugosën (optative plural third-person)
kustuksën (passive present)
kustut'aksën (passive present)
kustudisën (passive past)
kustuttisën (passive past)
kustudakahën (imperative passive)
kustuttakahën (imperative passive)
kustudakohën (optative passive)
kustuttakohën (optative passive)
kustuk (connegative present)
kustugak (connegative imperative)
kustugok (connegative optative)
kustuktak (connegative passive present)
kustudagak (connegative imperative passive)
kustuttagak (connegative imperative passive)
kustudagok (connegative optative passive)
kustuttagok (connegative optative passive)
kustukcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
kustuicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
kustunën (first-person potential singular)
kustukcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
kustuicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
kustunët (potential second-person singular)
kustukci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
kustuici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
kustuni (potential singular third-person)
kustukcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kustukcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kustuicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kustuicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kustunëmëk (first-person plural potential)
kustunëmak (first-person plural potential)
kustukcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kustukcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kustuicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kustuicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kustunëdëk (plural potential second-person)
kustunëdak (plural potential second-person)
kustukci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
kustuici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
kustuni (plural potential third-person)
kustudakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kustut'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kustudicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kustutticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kustudanëhën (passive potential)
kustuttanëhën (passive potential)
kustukcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
kustuicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
kustunëk (connegative potential)
kustudakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kustut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kustudicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kustutticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kustudanëk (connegative passive potential)
kustuttanëk (connegative passive potential)
kustudak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
kustuba (active participle present)
kustudapa (participle passive present)
kustuttapa (participle passive present)
kustudë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
kustunut (active participle past)
kustudu (participle passive past)
kustuttu (participle passive past)
kustuma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
kustuminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: kustuma/kustuda

Livonian: kistõ

Võro: kistuma/kistudaq

Votic: kussua

Proto-Uralic *kupsa- + *-tudak. Cognate with Proto-Samic *kopsētēk.


nockëda

nockëda (nominative singular)
nockëdat (nominative plural)
nockëdan (accusative singular)
nockëdat (accusative plural)
nockëdan (genitive singular)
nockëdadën (genitive plural)
nockëdëidën (genitive plural)
nockëdata (partitive singular)
nockëdëita (partitive plural)
nockëdassa (inessive singular)
nockëdahna (inessive singular)
nockëdëissa (inessive plural)
nockëdëihna (inessive plural)
nockëdasta (elative singular)
nockëdëista (elative plural)
nockëdasën (illative singular)
nockëdëisën (illative plural)
nockëdalla (adessive singular)
nockëdëilla (adessive plural)
nockëdalta (ablative singular)
nockëdëilta (ablative plural)
nockëdalën (allative singular)
nockëdalëk (allative singular)
nockëdëilën (allative plural)
nockëdëilëk (allative plural)
nockëdana (essive singular)
nockëdëina (essive plural)
nockëdaksi (singular translative)
nockëdëiksi (plural translative)
nockëdan (instructive singular)
nockëdëin (instructive plural)
nockëdanëk (comitative singular)
nockëdëinëk (comitative plural)
nockëdatta (abessive singular)
nockëdëitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: nõtke

Finnish: notkea

Ingrian: notkia

Karelian: notkie

Livvi: notkei

Ludian: notked

Veps: notked

Votic: (Mati, Pummala) nõtkõa


voidëk

voidëk (nominative singular)
voitëgët (nominative plural)
voitëgën (accusative singular)
voitëgët (accusative plural)
voitëgën (genitive singular)
voitëgëdën (genitive plural)
voitëgidën (genitive plural)
voitëgëta (partitive singular)
voitëgita (partitive plural)
voitëgëssa (inessive singular)
voitëgëhna (inessive singular)
voitëgissa (inessive plural)
voitëgihna (inessive plural)
voitëgësta (elative singular)
voitëgista (elative plural)
voitëgësën (illative singular)
voitëgisën (illative plural)
voitëgëlla (adessive singular)
voitëgilla (adessive plural)
voitëgëlta (ablative singular)
voitëgilta (ablative plural)
voitëgëlën (allative singular)
voitëgëlëk (allative singular)
voitëgilën (allative plural)
voitëgilëk (allative plural)
voitëgëna (essive singular)
voitëgina (essive plural)
voitëgëksi (singular translative)
voitëgiksi (plural translative)
voitëgën (instructive singular)
voitëgin (instructive plural)
voitëgënëk (comitative singular)
voitëginëk (comitative plural)
voitëgëtta (abessive singular)
voitëgitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: võie

Finnish: voide

Ingrian: voije

Karelian: voije

Livvi: vojje

Ludian: voide

Veps: voiže

Võro: võiõq

Votic: võijjõ, (Mati, Itšäpäivä, Jarvikoištšülä) võdʹdʹõ


nëpada

nëpada (nominative singular)
nëpadat (nominative plural)
nëpadan (accusative singular)
nëpadat (accusative plural)
nëpadan (genitive singular)
nëpadadën (genitive plural)
nëpadoidën (genitive plural)
nëpadata (partitive singular)
nëpadoita (partitive plural)
nëpadassa (inessive singular)
nëpadahna (inessive singular)
nëpadoissa (inessive plural)
nëpadoihna (inessive plural)
nëpadasta (elative singular)
nëpadoista (elative plural)
nëpadasën (illative singular)
nëpadoisën (illative plural)
nëpadalla (adessive singular)
nëpadoilla (adessive plural)
nëpadalta (ablative singular)
nëpadoilta (ablative plural)
nëpadalën (allative singular)
nëpadalëk (allative singular)
nëpadoilën (allative plural)
nëpadoilëk (allative plural)
nëpadana (essive singular)
nëpadoina (essive plural)
nëpadaksi (singular translative)
nëpadoiksi (plural translative)
nëpadan (instructive singular)
nëpadoin (instructive plural)
nëpadanëk (comitative singular)
nëpadoinëk (comitative plural)
nëpadatta (abessive singular)
nëpadoitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: (archaic, dialectal) nepaa

Estonian: nõbu

From earlier *nëpata, borrowed from Proto-Baltic *nepātja- (whence Old Lithuanian nepuotis), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *népōts.


kurgistadak

kurgista- (stem)
kurgistan (first-person present singular)
kurgistoin (first-person past singular)
kurgistagon (first-person optative singular)
kurgistat (present second-person singular)
kurgistoit (past second-person singular)
kurgistak (imperative second-person singular)
kurgistagos (optative second-person singular)
kurgistapi (present singular third-person)
kurgista (present singular third-person)
kurgistoi (past singular third-person)
kurgistakahën (imperative singular third-person)
kurgistakohën (optative singular third-person)
kurgistakmëk (first-person plural present)
kurgistakmak (first-person plural present)
kurgistoimëk (first-person past plural)
kurgistoimak (first-person past plural)
kurgistakadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
kurgistakadamak (first-person imperative plural)
kurgistakodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
kurgistakodamak (first-person optative plural)
kurgistaktëk (plural present second-person)
kurgistaktak (plural present second-person)
kurgistoidëk (past plural second-person)
kurgistoidak (past plural second-person)
kurgistakadë (imperative plural second-person)
kurgistakada (imperative plural second-person)
kurgistagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
kurgistakodadak (optative plural second-person)
kurgistabat (plural present third-person)
kurgista (plural present third-person)
kurgistoi (past plural third-person)
kurgistakahën (imperative plural third-person)
kurgistakohën (optative plural third-person)
kurgistaksën (passive present)
kurgistat'aksën (passive present)
kurgistatihën (passive past)
kurgistattihën (passive past)
kurgistatagasën (imperative passive)
kurgistattagasën (imperative passive)
kurgistatagosën (optative passive)
kurgistattagosën (optative passive)
kurgistak (connegative present)
kurgistagak (connegative imperative)
kurgistagok (connegative optative)
kurgistaktak (connegative passive present)
kurgistatagak (connegative imperative passive)
kurgistattagak (connegative imperative passive)
kurgistatagok (connegative optative passive)
kurgistattagok (connegative optative passive)
kurgistakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
kurgistoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
kurgistanën (first-person potential singular)
kurgistakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
kurgistoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
kurgistanët (potential second-person singular)
kurgistakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
kurgistoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
kurgistani (potential singular third-person)
kurgistakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kurgistakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kurgistoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kurgistoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kurgistanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
kurgistanëmak (first-person plural potential)
kurgistakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kurgistakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kurgistoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kurgistoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kurgistanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
kurgistanëdak (plural potential second-person)
kurgistakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
kurgistoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
kurgistani (plural potential third-person)
kurgistadakcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kurgistat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kurgistaticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kurgistatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kurgistatanësën (passive potential)
kurgistattanësën (passive potential)
kurgistakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
kurgistoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
kurgistanëk (connegative potential)
kurgistadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kurgistat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kurgistaticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kurgistatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kurgistatanëk (connegative passive potential)
kurgistattanëk (connegative passive potential)
kurgistadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
kurgistapa (active participle present)
kurgistataba (participle passive present)
kurgistattaba (participle passive present)
kurgistatë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
kurgistanut (active participle past)
kurgistatu (participle passive past)
kurgistattu (participle passive past)
kurgistama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
kurgistaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: (dialectal) kuristama/kuristada, kurgistama/kurgistada

Finnish: kuristaa

Ingrian: kuristaa

Karelian:

North Karelian: kuristua

South Karelian: kuristua

Livvi: kuristua

Võro: kuristama/kuristaq

Votic: kurissa

Probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *kwirkijaną and derived with + *-istadak.


vainaga

vainaga (nominative singular)
vainagat (nominative plural)
vainagan (accusative singular)
vainagat (accusative plural)
vainagan (genitive singular)
vainagadën (genitive plural)
vainagoidën (genitive plural)
vainagata (partitive singular)
vainagoita (partitive plural)
vainagassa (inessive singular)
vainagahna (inessive singular)
vainagoissa (inessive plural)
vainagoihna (inessive plural)
vainagasta (elative singular)
vainagoista (elative plural)
vainagasën (illative singular)
vainagoisën (illative plural)
vainagalla (adessive singular)
vainagoilla (adessive plural)
vainagalta (ablative singular)
vainagoilta (ablative plural)
vainagalën (allative singular)
vainagalëk (allative singular)
vainagoilën (allative plural)
vainagoilëk (allative plural)
vainagana (essive singular)
vainagoina (essive plural)
vainagaksi (singular translative)
vainagoiksi (plural translative)
vainagan (instructive singular)
vainagoin (instructive plural)
vainaganëk (comitative singular)
vainagoinëk (comitative plural)
vainagatta (abessive singular)
vainagoitta (abessive plural)

⇒ Estonian: vainu (dialectal, poetic) ("death, the god of underworld")

Finnish: vainaja, (dialectal) vainaa

→ Northern Sami: váidni

Karelian: vainoa


hähnä

hähnä (nominative singular)
hähnät (nominative plural)
hähnän (accusative singular)
hähnät (accusative plural)
hähnän (genitive singular)
hähnäden (genitive plural)
hähneiden (genitive plural)
hähnädä (partitive singular)
hähneidä (partitive plural)
hähnässä (inessive singular)
hähnähnä (inessive singular)
hähneissä (inessive plural)
hähneihnä (inessive plural)
hähnästä (elative singular)
hähneistä (elative plural)
hähnähen (illative singular)
hähneihen (illative plural)
hähnällä (adessive singular)
hähneillä (adessive plural)
hähnältä (ablative singular)
hähneiltä (ablative plural)
hähnälen (allative singular)
hähnälek (allative singular)
hähneilen (allative plural)
hähneilek (allative plural)
hähnänä (essive singular)
hähneinä (essive plural)
hähnäksi (singular translative)
hähneiksi (plural translative)
hähnän (instructive singular)
hähnein (instructive plural)
hähnänek (comitative singular)
hähneinek (comitative plural)
hähnättä (abessive singular)
hähneittä (abessive plural)

Finnish: (archaic, dialectal) hähnä, häähnä

Livonian:

Courland Livonian: ē’ņõz

Vidzeme Livonian: ēn

Võro: hähn

From Proto-Finno-Permic *śäśnä. Cognate with Proto-Samic *čāšnē.


sëstar

sëstar (nominative singular)
sëstarët (nominative plural)
sëstarën (accusative singular)
sëstarët (accusative plural)
sëstarën (genitive singular)
sëstardën (genitive plural)
sëstaridën (genitive plural)
sëstarta (partitive singular)
sëstarita (partitive plural)
sëstarëssa (inessive singular)
sëstarëhna (inessive singular)
sëstarissa (inessive plural)
sëstarihna (inessive plural)
sëstarësta (elative singular)
sëstarista (elative plural)
sëstarësën (illative singular)
sëstarisën (illative plural)
sëstarëlla (adessive singular)
sëstarilla (adessive plural)
sëstarëlta (ablative singular)
sëstarilta (ablative plural)
sëstarëlën (allative singular)
sëstarëlëk (allative singular)
sëstarilën (allative plural)
sëstarilëk (allative plural)
sëstarna (essive singular)
sëstarina (essive plural)
sëstarëksi (singular translative)
sëstariksi (plural translative)
sëstarën (instructive singular)
sëstarin (instructive plural)
sëstarnëk (comitative singular)
sëstarinëk (comitative plural)
sëstarëtta (abessive singular)
sëstaritta (abessive plural)

Estonian: sõstar

Finnish: siestar

Ingrian: seestara

Livonian: sõstār

⇒ Ludian: sestroi

⇒ Veps: sestrikaine

Votic: sõssõr

→ Latvian: sustarenes, zusteri

Unknown. Possibly related to Erzya [script needed] (šukštorov), [script needed] (čukštorov) and Moksha [script needed] (šukštoru). These cognates cannot be regularly traced back to a common protoform and may be borrowed from a substrate language.


säski

säski (nominative singular)
säsket (nominative plural)
säsken (accusative singular)
säsket (accusative plural)
säsken (genitive singular)
säskeden (genitive plural)
säskiden (genitive plural)
säskedä (partitive singular)
säskidä (partitive plural)
säskessä (inessive singular)
säskehnä (inessive singular)
säskissä (inessive plural)
säskihnä (inessive plural)
säskestä (elative singular)
säskistä (elative plural)
säskehen (illative singular)
säskihen (illative plural)
säskellä (adessive singular)
säskillä (adessive plural)
säskeltä (ablative singular)
säskiltä (ablative plural)
säskelen (allative singular)
säskelek (allative singular)
säskilen (allative plural)
säskilek (allative plural)
säskenä (essive singular)
säskinä (essive plural)
säskeksi (singular translative)
säskiksi (plural translative)
säsken (instructive singular)
säskin (instructive plural)
säskenek (comitative singular)
säskinek (comitative plural)
säskettä (abessive singular)
säskittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: sääsk

Finnish: sääski

Ingrian: sääski

Karelian:

North Karelian: šiäkši

South Karelian: šiäkši

Livonian: säsk

Livvi: siäksi

Ludian: siäsk

Veps: säsk

Võro: sääsik

Votic: sääski

From Proto-Finno-Permic *śäśke. Cognates include Erzya сеське (śeśke) and Proto-Samic *čuoškë (< *śaśke).


vapsa-

Estonian: vapsik

Finnish: vaapsahainen, (dialectal) vapsahainen, vapsainen, vapsalainen

Ingrian: vaapsahain

Karelian: voapsahaine

Livonian: vaps

Ludian: vuopsahaine

Veps: bapshaine

Võro: vask'lanõ, vask'lik

Votic: vaapsõlain

Borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Lithuanian vapsva, Old Prussian wobse), from Proto-Indo-European *wops-éh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *wóps.


icra

icra (nominative singular)
icrat (nominative plural)
icran (accusative singular)
icrat (accusative plural)
icran (genitive singular)
icradën (genitive plural)
icroidën (genitive plural)
icrada (partitive singular)
icroida (partitive plural)
icrassa (inessive singular)
icrahna (inessive singular)
icroissa (inessive plural)
icroihna (inessive plural)
icrasta (elative singular)
icroista (elative plural)
icrahën (illative singular)
icroihën (illative plural)
icralla (adessive singular)
icroilla (adessive plural)
icralta (ablative singular)
icroilta (ablative plural)
icralën (allative singular)
icralëk (allative singular)
icroilën (allative plural)
icroilëk (allative plural)
icrana (essive singular)
icroina (essive plural)
icraksi (singular translative)
icroiksi (plural translative)
icran (instructive singular)
icroin (instructive plural)
icranëk (comitative singular)
icroinëk (comitative plural)
icratta (abessive singular)
icroitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: ihra, (dialectal) itra

Karelian:

North Karelian: isra

South Karelian: izra

Livvi: izru

Ludian: izr

Veps: izr


sädek

sädek (nominative singular)
säteget (nominative plural)
sätegen (accusative singular)
säteget (accusative plural)
sätegen (genitive singular)
sädekten (genitive plural)
sätegiden (genitive plural)
sädektä (partitive singular)
sätegitä (partitive plural)
sätegessä (inessive singular)
sätegehnä (inessive singular)
sätegissä (inessive plural)
sätegihnä (inessive plural)
sätegestä (elative singular)
sätegistä (elative plural)
sätegesen (illative singular)
sätegisen (illative plural)
sätegellä (adessive singular)
sätegillä (adessive plural)
sätegeltä (ablative singular)
sätegiltä (ablative plural)
sätegelen (allative singular)
sätegelek (allative singular)
sätegilen (allative plural)
sätegilek (allative plural)
sätegenä (essive singular)
säteginä (essive plural)
sätegeksi (singular translative)
sätegiksi (plural translative)
sätegen (instructive singular)
sätegin (instructive plural)
sätegenek (comitative singular)
säteginek (comitative plural)
sätegettä (abessive singular)
sätegittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: säde

Finnish: säde

Livonian: sä’dgõz

Veps: sädeg

Votic: (Kattila, Pummala) säe

spark (small particle of glowing matter)


varci

varci (nominative singular)
vardët (nominative plural)
vardën (accusative singular)
vardët (accusative plural)
vardën (genitive singular)
vartëdën (genitive plural)
varcidën (genitive plural)
vartëda (partitive singular)
varcida (partitive plural)
vardëssa (inessive singular)
vardëhna (inessive singular)
varcissa (inessive plural)
varcihna (inessive plural)
vardësta (elative singular)
varcista (elative plural)
vartëhën (illative singular)
varcihën (illative plural)
vardëlla (adessive singular)
varcilla (adessive plural)
vardëlta (ablative singular)
varcilta (ablative plural)
vartëlën (allative singular)
vartëlëk (allative singular)
varcilën (allative plural)
varcilëk (allative plural)
vartëna (essive singular)
varcina (essive plural)
vardëksi (singular translative)
varciksi (plural translative)
vardën (instructive singular)
varcin (instructive plural)
vartënëk (comitative singular)
varcinëk (comitative plural)
vardëtta (abessive singular)
varcitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: vars

Finnish: varsi

Ingrian: varsi, vars

Karelian:

North Karelian: varsi

South Karelian: varzi

Livonian: vaŗž

Livvi: varzi

Ludian: varž

Veps: varz

Võro: vars'

Votic: varsi


leebek

leebek (nominative singular)
leepeget (nominative plural)
leepegen (accusative singular)
leepeget (accusative plural)
leepegen (genitive singular)
leebekten (genitive plural)
leepegiden (genitive plural)
leebektä (partitive singular)
leepegitä (partitive plural)
leepegessä (inessive singular)
leepegehnä (inessive singular)
leepegissä (inessive plural)
leepegihnä (inessive plural)
leepegestä (elative singular)
leepegistä (elative plural)
leepegesen (illative singular)
leepegisen (illative plural)
leepegellä (adessive singular)
leepegillä (adessive plural)
leepegeltä (ablative singular)
leepegiltä (ablative plural)
leepegelen (allative singular)
leepegelek (allative singular)
leepegilen (allative plural)
leepegilek (allative plural)
leepegenä (essive singular)
leepeginä (essive plural)
leepegeksi (singular translative)
leepegiksi (plural translative)
leepegen (instructive singular)
leepegin (instructive plural)
leepegenek (comitative singular)
leepeginek (comitative plural)
leepegettä (abessive singular)
leepegittä (abessive plural)

Finnish: lieve

Ingrian: leeve

Karelian: lieve

Livvi: lieve

Ludian: liebe

Veps: lebe

Borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian klēpis and Lithuanian klėbỹs) + *-ek.


kargait'ak

karkaida- (stem)
karkaidan (first-person present singular)
karkaicin (first-person past singular)
kargaitkon (first-person optative singular)
karkaidat (present second-person singular)
karkaicit (past second-person singular)
karkaidak (imperative second-person singular)
kargaitkos (optative second-person singular)
karkaidapi (present singular third-person)
kargait (present singular third-person)
karkaici (past singular third-person)
kargaitkasën (imperative singular third-person)
kargaitkosën (optative singular third-person)
karkaidakmëk (first-person plural present)
karkaidakmak (first-person plural present)
karkaicimëk (first-person past plural)
karkaicimak (first-person past plural)
kargaitkatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
kargaitkatamak (first-person imperative plural)
kargaitkotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
kargaitkotamak (first-person optative plural)
karkaidaktëk (plural present second-person)
karkaidaktak (plural present second-person)
karkaicidëk (past plural second-person)
karkaicidak (past plural second-person)
kargaitkatë (imperative plural second-person)
kargaitkata (imperative plural second-person)
kargaitkot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
kargaitkotadak (optative plural second-person)
karkaidabat (plural present third-person)
kargait (plural present third-person)
karkaici (past plural third-person)
kargaitkasën (imperative plural third-person)
kargaitkosën (optative plural third-person)
karkaidaksën (passive present)
karkaidat'aksën (passive present)
kargaittisën (passive past)
karkaidattihën (passive past)
kargaittakahën (imperative passive)
karkaidattagasën (imperative passive)
kargaittakohën (optative passive)
karkaidattagosën (optative passive)
karkaidak (connegative present)
kargaitkak (connegative imperative)
kargaitkok (connegative optative)
karkaidaktak (connegative passive present)
kargaittagak (connegative imperative passive)
karkaidattagak (connegative imperative passive)
kargaittagok (connegative optative passive)
karkaidattagok (connegative optative passive)
karkaidakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
karkaicicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
kargainnën (first-person potential singular)
karkaidakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
karkaicicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
kargainnët (potential second-person singular)
karkaidakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
karkaicici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
kargainni (potential singular third-person)
karkaidakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
karkaidakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
karkaicicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
karkaicicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kargainnëmëk (first-person plural potential)
kargainnëmak (first-person plural potential)
karkaidakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
karkaidakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
karkaicicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
karkaicicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kargainnëdëk (plural potential second-person)
kargainnëdak (plural potential second-person)
karkaidakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
karkaicici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
kargainni (plural potential third-person)
kargait'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
karkaidat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kargaitticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
karkaidatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kargaittanëhën (passive potential)
karkaidattanësën (passive potential)
karkaidakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
karkaicicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
kargainnëk (connegative potential)
kargait'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
karkaidat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kargaitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
karkaidatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kargaittanëk (connegative passive potential)
karkaidattanëk (connegative passive potential)
kargait'ak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
karkaidapa (active participle present)
kargaittapa (participle passive present)
karkaidattaba (participle passive present)
kargaittë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
kargainnut (active participle past)
kargaittu (participle passive past)
karkaidattu (participle passive past)
karkaidama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
karkaidaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: kargama/karata

Finnish: karata

→ Inari Sami: kárgáđ

→ Northern Sami: gárgidit

Ingrian: karata

Karelian: karata

Livonian: kargõ

Livvi: karrata

Ludian: kargaita

Veps: kargaita

Võro: kargama/karadaq

Votic: kargõtõ

Unknown, but apparently contains the suffix *-it'ak.


osait'ak

osaida- (stem)
osaidan (first-person present singular)
osaicin (first-person past singular)
osaitkon (first-person optative singular)
osaidat (present second-person singular)
osaicit (past second-person singular)
osaidak (imperative second-person singular)
osaitkos (optative second-person singular)
osaidapi (present singular third-person)
osait (present singular third-person)
osaici (past singular third-person)
osaitkasën (imperative singular third-person)
osaitkosën (optative singular third-person)
osaidakmëk (first-person plural present)
osaidakmak (first-person plural present)
osaicimëk (first-person past plural)
osaicimak (first-person past plural)
osaitkatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
osaitkatamak (first-person imperative plural)
osaitkotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
osaitkotamak (first-person optative plural)
osaidaktëk (plural present second-person)
osaidaktak (plural present second-person)
osaicidëk (past plural second-person)
osaicidak (past plural second-person)
osaitkatë (imperative plural second-person)
osaitkata (imperative plural second-person)
osaitkot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
osaitkotadak (optative plural second-person)
osaidabat (plural present third-person)
osait (plural present third-person)
osaici (past plural third-person)
osaitkasën (imperative plural third-person)
osaitkosën (optative plural third-person)
osaidaksën (passive present)
osaidat'aksën (passive present)
osaittisën (passive past)
osaidattihën (passive past)
osaittakahën (imperative passive)
osaidattagasën (imperative passive)
osaittakohën (optative passive)
osaidattagosën (optative passive)
osaidak (connegative present)
osaitkak (connegative imperative)
osaitkok (connegative optative)
osaidaktak (connegative passive present)
osaittagak (connegative imperative passive)
osaidattagak (connegative imperative passive)
osaittagok (connegative optative passive)
osaidattagok (connegative optative passive)
osaidakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
osaicicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
osainnën (first-person potential singular)
osaidakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
osaicicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
osainnët (potential second-person singular)
osaidakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
osaicici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
osainni (potential singular third-person)
osaidakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
osaidakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
osaicicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
osaicicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
osainnëmëk (first-person plural potential)
osainnëmak (first-person plural potential)
osaidakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
osaidakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
osaicicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
osaicicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
osainnëdëk (plural potential second-person)
osainnëdak (plural potential second-person)
osaidakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
osaicici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
osainni (plural potential third-person)
osait'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
osaidat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
osaitticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
osaidatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
osaittanëhën (passive potential)
osaidattanësën (passive potential)
osaidakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
osaicicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
osainnëk (connegative potential)
osait'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
osaidat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
osaitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
osaidatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
osaittanëk (connegative passive potential)
osaidattanëk (connegative passive potential)
osait'ak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
osaidapa (active participle present)
osaittapa (participle passive present)
osaidattaba (participle passive present)
osaittë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
osainnut (active participle past)
osaittu (participle passive past)
osaidattu (participle passive past)
osaidama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
osaidaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: oskama/osata

Finnish: osata

Ingrian: osata

Karelian:

North Karelian: osata

South Karelian: ozata

Livvi: ozata

Ludian: ozaita

Veps: ozaita

Votic: õzata (Mati)

to know how (to do something), can (do something)


hävit'äk

hävidä- (stem)
hävidän (first-person present singular)
hävicin (first-person past singular)
hävitkon (first-person optative singular)
hävidät (present second-person singular)
hävicit (past second-person singular)
hävidäk (imperative second-person singular)
hävitkos (optative second-person singular)
hävidäpi (present singular third-person)
hävit (present singular third-person)
hävici (past singular third-person)
hävitkäsen (imperative singular third-person)
hävitkosen (optative singular third-person)
hävidäkmek (first-person plural present)
hävidäkmäk (first-person plural present)
hävicimek (first-person past plural)
hävicimäk (first-person past plural)
hävitkätemek (first-person imperative plural)
hävitkätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
hävitkotemek (first-person optative plural)
hävitkotämäk (first-person optative plural)
hävidäktek (plural present second-person)
hävidäktäk (plural present second-person)
hävicidek (past plural second-person)
hävicidäk (past plural second-person)
hävitkäte (imperative plural second-person)
hävitkätä (imperative plural second-person)
hävitkot'ek (optative plural second-person)
hävitkotädäk (optative plural second-person)
hävidäbät (plural present third-person)
hävit (plural present third-person)
hävici (past plural third-person)
hävitkäsen (imperative plural third-person)
hävitkosen (optative plural third-person)
hävidäksen (passive present)
hävidät'äksen (passive present)
hävittisen (passive past)
hävidättihen (passive past)
hävittäkähen (imperative passive)
hävidättägäsen (imperative passive)
hävittäkohen (optative passive)
hävidättägosen (optative passive)
hävidäk (connegative present)
hävitkäk (connegative imperative)
hävitkok (connegative optative)
hävidäktäk (connegative passive present)
hävittägäk (connegative imperative passive)
hävidättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
hävittägok (connegative optative passive)
hävidättägok (connegative optative passive)
hävidäkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
hävicicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
hävinnen (first-person potential singular)
hävidäkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
hävicicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
hävinnet (potential second-person singular)
hävidäkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
hävicici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
hävinni (potential singular third-person)
hävidäkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
hävidäkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
hävicicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
hävicicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
hävinnemek (first-person plural potential)
hävinnemäk (first-person plural potential)
hävidäkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
hävidäkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
hävicicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
hävicicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
hävinnedek (plural potential second-person)
hävinnedäk (plural potential second-person)
hävidäkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
hävicici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
hävinni (plural potential third-person)
hävit'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
hävidät'äkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
hävitticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
hävidätticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
hävittänehen (passive potential)
hävidättänesen (passive potential)
hävidäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
hävicicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
hävinnek (connegative potential)
hävit'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
hävidät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
hävitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
hävidätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
hävittänek (connegative passive potential)
hävidättänek (connegative passive potential)
hävit'äk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
hävidäpä (active participle present)
hävittäpä (participle passive present)
hävidättäbä (participle passive present)
hävitte- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
hävinnüt (active participle past)
hävittü (participle passive past)
hävidättü (participle passive past)
hävidämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
hävidäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: hävima/hävida

Finnish: hävitä

→ Lule Sami: hevvat

→ Northern Sami: heavvanit

Ingrian: hävitä

Karelian: hävitä

Livvi: hävitä

Ludian: hävitä

Võro: häömä/häödäq

Votic: (Mati) ävitä

Unknown. Appears to contain the suffix *-it'ak.


mät'äs

mät'äs (nominative singular)
mättähet (nominative plural)
mättähen (accusative singular)
mättähet (accusative plural)
mättähen (genitive singular)
mät'ästen (genitive plural)
mättähiden (genitive plural)
mät'ästä (partitive singular)
mättähitä (partitive plural)
mättähessä (inessive singular)
mättähehnä (inessive singular)
mättähissä (inessive plural)
mättähihnä (inessive plural)
mättähestä (elative singular)
mättähistä (elative plural)
mättähesen (illative singular)
mättähisen (illative plural)
mättähellä (adessive singular)
mättähillä (adessive plural)
mättäheltä (ablative singular)
mättähiltä (ablative plural)
mättähelen (allative singular)
mättähelek (allative singular)
mättähilen (allative plural)
mättähilek (allative plural)
mät'ässä (essive singular)
mättähinä (essive plural)
mättäheksi (singular translative)
mättähiksi (plural translative)
mättähen (instructive singular)
mättähin (instructive plural)
mät'ässek (comitative singular)
mättähinek (comitative plural)
mättähettä (abessive singular)
mättähittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: mätas

Finnish: mätäs

Ingrian: mätäs

Karelian: mätäs

Livonian: mätāl

Livvi: mätäs

Ludian: mätäz

Veps: mätaz

Võro: mätäs

Votic: mätäz

Proto-Uralic *mäkte + *-äs. Cognate with Proto-Samic *miektë.


jämedä

jämedä (nominative singular)
jämedät (nominative plural)
jämedän (accusative singular)
jämedät (accusative plural)
jämedän (genitive singular)
jämedäden (genitive plural)
jämedeiden (genitive plural)
jämedätä (partitive singular)
jämedeitä (partitive plural)
jämedässä (inessive singular)
jämedähnä (inessive singular)
jämedeissä (inessive plural)
jämedeihnä (inessive plural)
jämedästä (elative singular)
jämedeistä (elative plural)
jämedäsen (illative singular)
jämedeisen (illative plural)
jämedällä (adessive singular)
jämedeillä (adessive plural)
jämedältä (ablative singular)
jämedeiltä (ablative plural)
jämedälen (allative singular)
jämedälek (allative singular)
jämedeilen (allative plural)
jämedeilek (allative plural)
jämedänä (essive singular)
jämedeinä (essive plural)
jämedäksi (singular translative)
jämedeiksi (plural translative)
jämedän (instructive singular)
jämedein (instructive plural)
jämedänek (comitative singular)
jämedeinek (comitative plural)
jämedättä (abessive singular)
jämedeittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: jäme

Finnish: jämeä

Ingrian: jämmiä

Karelian:

North Karelian: jämie

South Karelian: jämie

Livonian: ja’mdõ

Livvi: jämei

Ludian: d'ämed

Veps: jämed

Võro: jämme

Votic: jämmiä

Finnish: jämäkkä

Karelian:

North Karelian: jämäkkä

South Karelian: jämäkkä

Livvi: ⇒ jämäkkö

From earlier *jämä-tä, derived from Proto-Finno-Permic *jämä- with the suffix *-ëda.


soimat'ak

soimada- (stem)
soimadan (first-person present singular)
soimacin (first-person past singular)
soimatkon (first-person optative singular)
soimadat (present second-person singular)
soimacit (past second-person singular)
soimadak (imperative second-person singular)
soimatkos (optative second-person singular)
soimadapi (present singular third-person)
soimat (present singular third-person)
soimaci (past singular third-person)
soimatkasën (imperative singular third-person)
soimatkosën (optative singular third-person)
soimadakmëk (first-person plural present)
soimadakmak (first-person plural present)
soimacimëk (first-person past plural)
soimacimak (first-person past plural)
soimatkatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
soimatkatamak (first-person imperative plural)
soimatkotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
soimatkotamak (first-person optative plural)
soimadaktëk (plural present second-person)
soimadaktak (plural present second-person)
soimacidëk (past plural second-person)
soimacidak (past plural second-person)
soimatkatë (imperative plural second-person)
soimatkata (imperative plural second-person)
soimatkot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
soimatkotadak (optative plural second-person)
soimadabat (plural present third-person)
soimat (plural present third-person)
soimaci (past plural third-person)
soimatkasën (imperative plural third-person)
soimatkosën (optative plural third-person)
soimadaksën (passive present)
soimadat'aksën (passive present)
soimattisën (passive past)
soimadattihën (passive past)
soimattakahën (imperative passive)
soimadattagasën (imperative passive)
soimattakohën (optative passive)
soimadattagosën (optative passive)
soimadak (connegative present)
soimatkak (connegative imperative)
soimatkok (connegative optative)
soimadaktak (connegative passive present)
soimattagak (connegative imperative passive)
soimadattagak (connegative imperative passive)
soimattagok (connegative optative passive)
soimadattagok (connegative optative passive)
soimadakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
soimacicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
soimannën (first-person potential singular)
soimadakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
soimacicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
soimannët (potential second-person singular)
soimadakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
soimacici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
soimanni (potential singular third-person)
soimadakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
soimadakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
soimacicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
soimacicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
soimannëmëk (first-person plural potential)
soimannëmak (first-person plural potential)
soimadakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
soimadakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
soimacicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
soimacicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
soimannëdëk (plural potential second-person)
soimannëdak (plural potential second-person)
soimadakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
soimacici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
soimanni (plural potential third-person)
soimat'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
soimadat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
soimatticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
soimadatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
soimattanëhën (passive potential)
soimadattanësën (passive potential)
soimadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
soimacicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
soimannëk (connegative potential)
soimat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
soimadat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
soimatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
soimadatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
soimattanëk (connegative passive potential)
soimadattanëk (connegative passive potential)
soimat'ak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
soimadapa (active participle present)
soimattapa (participle passive present)
soimadattaba (participle passive present)
soimattë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
soimannut (active participle past)
soimattu (participle passive past)
soimadattu (participle passive past)
soimadama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
soimadaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: sõimama/sõimata

→? Latvian: zaimot

Finnish: soimata

→ Inari Sami: šyeimidiđ

→ Northern Sami: soaibmat

→ Votic: soimõtõ

Karelian: soimata

Livonian: suoimõ

Livvi: soimata

Võro: sõimama/sõimadaq

Votic: (Mati, Pummala) sõimata

Derived from Proto-Uralic *śojma with + *-t'ak, from *śoje- + *-ma. *soidak comes from the same root.


lausudak

lausu- (stem)
lausun (first-person present singular)
lausuin (first-person past singular)
lausugon (first-person optative singular)
lausut (present second-person singular)
lausuit (past second-person singular)
lausuk (imperative second-person singular)
lausugos (optative second-person singular)
lausubi (present singular third-person)
lausu (present singular third-person)
lausui (past singular third-person)
lausugasën (imperative singular third-person)
lausugosën (optative singular third-person)
lausukmëk (first-person plural present)
lausukmak (first-person plural present)
lausuimëk (first-person past plural)
lausuimak (first-person past plural)
lausugatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
lausugatamak (first-person imperative plural)
lausugotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
lausugotamak (first-person optative plural)
lausuktëk (plural present second-person)
lausuktak (plural present second-person)
lausuidëk (past plural second-person)
lausuidak (past plural second-person)
lausugatë (imperative plural second-person)
lausugata (imperative plural second-person)
lausugot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
lausugotadak (optative plural second-person)
lausubat (plural present third-person)
lausu (plural present third-person)
lausui (past plural third-person)
lausugasën (imperative plural third-person)
lausugosën (optative plural third-person)
lausuksën (passive present)
lausut'aksën (passive present)
lausudisën (passive past)
lausuttisën (passive past)
lausudakahën (imperative passive)
lausuttakahën (imperative passive)
lausudakohën (optative passive)
lausuttakohën (optative passive)
lausuk (connegative present)
lausugak (connegative imperative)
lausugok (connegative optative)
lausuktak (connegative passive present)
lausudagak (connegative imperative passive)
lausuttagak (connegative imperative passive)
lausudagok (connegative optative passive)
lausuttagok (connegative optative passive)
lausukcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
lausuicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
lausunën (first-person potential singular)
lausukcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
lausuicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
lausunët (potential second-person singular)
lausukci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
lausuici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
lausuni (potential singular third-person)
lausukcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
lausukcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
lausuicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
lausuicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
lausunëmëk (first-person plural potential)
lausunëmak (first-person plural potential)
lausukcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
lausukcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
lausuicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
lausuicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
lausunëdëk (plural potential second-person)
lausunëdak (plural potential second-person)
lausukci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
lausuici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
lausuni (plural potential third-person)
lausudakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
lausut'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
lausudicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
lausutticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
lausudanëhën (passive potential)
lausuttanëhën (passive potential)
lausukcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
lausuicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
lausunëk (connegative potential)
lausudakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lausut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lausudicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
lausutticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
lausudanëk (connegative passive potential)
lausuttanëk (connegative passive potential)
lausudak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
lausuba (active participle present)
lausudapa (participle passive present)
lausuttapa (participle passive present)
lausudë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
lausunut (active participle past)
lausudu (participle passive past)
lausuttu (participle passive past)
lausuma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
lausuminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: lausuma/lausuda

Finnish: lausua

Karelian: lausuo

Võro: lausma/lausuq

Votic: (Kattila) lausua

→? Proto-Samic:

Southern Sami: laavsedh

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian klaust and Lithuanian klausti).


häbäs

häbäs (nominative singular)
häpähet (nominative plural)
häpähen (accusative singular)
häpähet (accusative plural)
häpähen (genitive singular)
häbästen (genitive plural)
häpähiden (genitive plural)
häbästä (partitive singular)
häpähitä (partitive plural)
häpähessä (inessive singular)
häpähehnä (inessive singular)
häpähissä (inessive plural)
häpähihnä (inessive plural)
häpähestä (elative singular)
häpähistä (elative plural)
häpähesen (illative singular)
häpähisen (illative plural)
häpähellä (adessive singular)
häpähillä (adessive plural)
häpäheltä (ablative singular)
häpähiltä (ablative plural)
häpähelen (allative singular)
häpähelek (allative singular)
häpähilen (allative plural)
häpähilek (allative plural)
häbässä (essive singular)
häpähinä (essive plural)
häpäheksi (singular translative)
häpähiksi (plural translative)
häpähen (instructive singular)
häpähin (instructive plural)
häbässek (comitative singular)
häpähinek (comitative plural)
häpähettä (abessive singular)
häpähittä (abessive plural)

Finnish: häväs, häpäs (dialectal)

From earlier *šäpäs, cognate with Proto-Samic *seapē. Further origin unknown.


keeltädäk

keeltä- (stem)
keeldän (first-person present singular)
keeldein (first-person past singular)
keeltägon (first-person optative singular)
keeldät (present second-person singular)
keeldeit (past second-person singular)
keeldäk (imperative second-person singular)
keeltägos (optative second-person singular)
keeltäbi (present singular third-person)
keeltä (present singular third-person)
keeltei (past singular third-person)
keeltägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
keeltägosen (optative singular third-person)
keeldäkmek (first-person plural present)
keeldäkmäk (first-person plural present)
keelteimek (first-person past plural)
keelteimäk (first-person past plural)
keeltägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
keeltägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
keeltägotemek (first-person optative plural)
keeltägotämäk (first-person optative plural)
keeldäktek (plural present second-person)
keeldäktäk (plural present second-person)
keelteidek (past plural second-person)
keelteidäk (past plural second-person)
keeltägäte (imperative plural second-person)
keeltägätä (imperative plural second-person)
keeltägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
keeltägotädäk (optative plural second-person)
keeltäbät (plural present third-person)
keeltä (plural present third-person)
keeltei (past plural third-person)
keeltägäsen (imperative plural third-person)
keeltägosen (optative plural third-person)
keeldäksen (passive present)
keeldät'äksen (passive present)
keeltädisen (passive past)
keeldättisen (passive past)
keeltädäkähen (imperative passive)
keeldättäkähen (imperative passive)
keeltädäkohen (optative passive)
keeldättäkohen (optative passive)
keeldäk (connegative present)
keeltägäk (connegative imperative)
keeltägok (connegative optative)
keeldäktäk (connegative passive present)
keeltädägäk (connegative imperative passive)
keeldättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
keeltädägok (connegative optative passive)
keeldättägok (connegative optative passive)
keeldäkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
keelteicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
keeltänen (first-person potential singular)
keeldäkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
keelteicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
keeltänet (potential second-person singular)
keeldäkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
keelteici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
keeltäni (potential singular third-person)
keeldäkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
keeldäkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
keelteicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
keelteicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
keeltänemek (first-person plural potential)
keeltänemäk (first-person plural potential)
keeldäkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
keeldäkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
keelteicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
keelteicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
keeltänedek (plural potential second-person)
keeltänedäk (plural potential second-person)
keeldäkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
keelteici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
keeltäni (plural potential third-person)
keeltädäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
keeldät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
keeltädicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
keeldätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
keeltädänehen (passive potential)
keeldättänehen (passive potential)
keeldäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
keelteicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
keeltänek (connegative potential)
keeltädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
keeldät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
keeltädicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
keeldätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
keeltädänek (connegative passive potential)
keeldättänek (connegative passive potential)
keeltädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
keeltäbä (active participle present)
keeltädäpä (participle passive present)
keeldättäpä (participle passive present)
keeltäde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
keeltänüt (active participle past)
keeltädü (participle passive past)
keeldättü (participle passive past)
keeltämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
keeltäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: keelama/keelata

Finnish: kieltää

→? Northern Sami: gieldit

Ingrian: keeltää

Karelian: kieltyä

Livonian: kīeldõ

Livvi: kieldiä

Ludian: kieltä, kielta

Veps: kelta

Võro: kiildmä/keeldäq

Votic: tšeeltä


hakci

hakci (nominative singular)
haktët (nominative plural)
haktën (accusative singular)
haktët (accusative plural)
haktën (genitive singular)
haktën (genitive plural)
hakcidën (genitive plural)
hakta (partitive singular)
hakcida (partitive plural)
haktëssa (inessive singular)
haktëhna (inessive singular)
hakcissa (inessive plural)
hakcihna (inessive plural)
haktësta (elative singular)
hakcista (elative plural)
haktëhën (illative singular)
hakcihën (illative plural)
haktëlla (adessive singular)
hakcilla (adessive plural)
haktëlta (ablative singular)
hakcilta (ablative plural)
haktëlën (allative singular)
haktëlëk (allative singular)
hakcilën (allative plural)
hakcilëk (allative plural)
haktëna (essive singular)
hakcina (essive plural)
haktëksi (singular translative)
hakciksi (plural translative)
haktën (instructive singular)
hakcin (instructive plural)
haktënëk (comitative singular)
hakcinëk (comitative plural)
haktëtta (abessive singular)
hakcitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: Aksi-, Haksi-, Haakse- (placename)

Finnish: haaksi, (dialectal) hahti, haahti

→ Lule Sami: háksa

Possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *šakče.

, *veneh


somëra

somëra (nominative singular)
somërat (nominative plural)
somëran (accusative singular)
somërat (accusative plural)
somëran (genitive singular)
somëradën (genitive plural)
somëroidën (genitive plural)
somërata (partitive singular)
somëroita (partitive plural)
somërassa (inessive singular)
somërahna (inessive singular)
somëroissa (inessive plural)
somëroihna (inessive plural)
somërasta (elative singular)
somëroista (elative plural)
somërasën (illative singular)
somëroisën (illative plural)
somëralla (adessive singular)
somëroilla (adessive plural)
somëralta (ablative singular)
somëroilta (ablative plural)
somëralën (allative singular)
somëralëk (allative singular)
somëroilën (allative plural)
somëroilëk (allative plural)
somërana (essive singular)
somëroina (essive plural)
somëraksi (singular translative)
somëroiksi (plural translative)
somëran (instructive singular)
somëroin (instructive plural)
somëranëk (comitative singular)
somëroinëk (comitative plural)
somëratta (abessive singular)
somëroitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: sõmer

Finnish: somero, (dialectal) somera

→? Ingrian: somer

→? Karelian: somero

Livonian: sumār

Võro: sõmmõr'

Votic: sõmõrõ


pettädäk

pettä- (stem)
pet'än (first-person present singular)
pet'ein (first-person past singular)
pettägon (first-person optative singular)
pet'ät (present second-person singular)
pet'eit (past second-person singular)
pet'äk (imperative second-person singular)
pettägos (optative second-person singular)
pettäbi (present singular third-person)
pettä (present singular third-person)
pettei (past singular third-person)
pettägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
pettägosen (optative singular third-person)
pet'äkmek (first-person plural present)
pet'äkmäk (first-person plural present)
petteimek (first-person past plural)
petteimäk (first-person past plural)
pettägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
pettägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
pettägotemek (first-person optative plural)
pettägotämäk (first-person optative plural)
pet'äktek (plural present second-person)
pet'äktäk (plural present second-person)
petteidek (past plural second-person)
petteidäk (past plural second-person)
pettägäte (imperative plural second-person)
pettägätä (imperative plural second-person)
pettägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
pettägotädäk (optative plural second-person)
pettäbät (plural present third-person)
pettä (plural present third-person)
pettei (past plural third-person)
pettägäsen (imperative plural third-person)
pettägosen (optative plural third-person)
pet'äksen (passive present)
pet'ät'äksen (passive present)
pettädisen (passive past)
pet'ättisen (passive past)
pettädäkähen (imperative passive)
pet'ättäkähen (imperative passive)
pettädäkohen (optative passive)
pet'ättäkohen (optative passive)
pet'äk (connegative present)
pettägäk (connegative imperative)
pettägok (connegative optative)
pet'äktäk (connegative passive present)
pettädägäk (connegative imperative passive)
pet'ättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
pettädägok (connegative optative passive)
pet'ättägok (connegative optative passive)
pet'äkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
petteicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
pettänen (first-person potential singular)
pet'äkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
petteicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
pettänet (potential second-person singular)
pet'äkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
petteici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
pettäni (potential singular third-person)
pet'äkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
pet'äkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
petteicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
petteicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
pettänemek (first-person plural potential)
pettänemäk (first-person plural potential)
pet'äkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
pet'äkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
petteicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
petteicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
pettänedek (plural potential second-person)
pettänedäk (plural potential second-person)
pet'äkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
petteici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
pettäni (plural potential third-person)
pettädäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
pet'ät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
pettädicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
pet'ätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
pettädänehen (passive potential)
pet'ättänehen (passive potential)
pet'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
petteicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
pettänek (connegative potential)
pettädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
pet'ät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
pettädicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
pet'ätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
pettädänek (connegative passive potential)
pet'ättänek (connegative passive potential)
pettädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
pettäbä (active participle present)
pettädäpä (participle passive present)
pet'ättäpä (participle passive present)
pettäde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
pettänüt (active participle past)
pettädü (participle passive past)
pet'ättü (participle passive past)
pettämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
pettäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: petma/petta

desctree

Finnish: pettää
→ Northern Sami: beahttit

Ingrian: pettää

Karelian: petteä

Livonian: piettõ, (Salaca) piett

Livvi: petteä

⇒ Ludian: petties

⇒ Veps: pettas

Võro: petmä/pettäq

Votic: pettä

Probably borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian spiest and Lithuanian spęsti) (derived with + *-tädäk, i.e. *pe(n)t-tä-), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *spenˀstei, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pénd-e-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pend- (“to draw, stretch”) (whence also Latin pendō (“I hang”)).


hiici

hiici (nominative singular)
hiidet (nominative plural)
hiiden (accusative singular)
hiidet (accusative plural)
hiiden (genitive singular)
hiit'en (genitive plural)
hiiciden (genitive plural)
hiittä (partitive singular)
hiicidä (partitive plural)
hiidessä (inessive singular)
hiidehnä (inessive singular)
hiicissä (inessive plural)
hiicihnä (inessive plural)
hiidestä (elative singular)
hiicistä (elative plural)
hiitehen (illative singular)
hiicihen (illative plural)
hiidellä (adessive singular)
hiicillä (adessive plural)
hiideltä (ablative singular)
hiiciltä (ablative plural)
hiitelen (allative singular)
hiitelek (allative singular)
hiicilen (allative plural)
hiicilek (allative plural)
hiinnä (essive singular)
hiicinä (essive plural)
hiideksi (singular translative)
hiiciksi (plural translative)
hiiden (instructive singular)
hiicin (instructive plural)
hiinnek (comitative singular)
hiicinek (comitative plural)
hiidettä (abessive singular)
hiicittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: hiis

Finnish: hiisi

→ Lule Sami: hijtta

→ Northern Sami: hiida

Karelian:

North Karelian: hiisi

South Karelian: hiizi

Livvi: hiiži

Võro: hiis'

Votic: iis-, idjee- (in placenames)

Probably related to Proto-Samic *sijtë, from a common Pre-Finno-Samic *šijte. According to UEW, possibly from Proto-Uralic *šijte ~ *šijta, in which case related to Northern Selkup [script needed] (tiitɜ). Alternatively, the word may be borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hīþaz or Proto-Germanic *sīdǭ. Furthermore, Aikio has implied that the Samic word is potentially of substrate origin.


vatnas

vatnas (nominative singular)
vatnahët (nominative plural)
vatnahën (accusative singular)
vatnahët (accusative plural)
vatnahën (genitive singular)
vatnastën (genitive plural)
vatnahidën (genitive plural)
vatnasta (partitive singular)
vatnahita (partitive plural)
vatnahëssa (inessive singular)
vatnahëhna (inessive singular)
vatnahissa (inessive plural)
vatnahihna (inessive plural)
vatnahësta (elative singular)
vatnahista (elative plural)
vatnahësën (illative singular)
vatnahisën (illative plural)
vatnahëlla (adessive singular)
vatnahilla (adessive plural)
vatnahëlta (ablative singular)
vatnahilta (ablative plural)
vatnahëlën (allative singular)
vatnahëlëk (allative singular)
vatnahilën (allative plural)
vatnahilëk (allative plural)
vatnassa (essive singular)
vatnahina (essive plural)
vatnahëksi (singular translative)
vatnahiksi (plural translative)
vatnahën (instructive singular)
vatnahin (instructive plural)
vatnassëk (comitative singular)
vatnahinëk (comitative plural)
vatnahëtta (abessive singular)
vatnahitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: vannas, (dialectal) vadnas

Finnish: vannas

Karelian: vannas

⇒ Livonian: va’dmõl

Livvi: vannas

Ludian: vadnaz, vannaz

Veps: vadnaz

Votic: vadnõz

Probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *wagnaz (compare Old Norse vangsni (“plowshare”)).