nëkla

nëkla (nominative singular)
nëklat (nominative plural)
nëklan (accusative singular)
nëklat (accusative plural)
nëklan (genitive singular)
nëkladën (genitive plural)
nëkloidën (genitive plural)
nëklada (partitive singular)
nëkloida (partitive plural)
nëklassa (inessive singular)
nëklahna (inessive singular)
nëkloissa (inessive plural)
nëkloihna (inessive plural)
nëklasta (elative singular)
nëkloista (elative plural)
nëklahën (illative singular)
nëkloihën (illative plural)
nëklalla (adessive singular)
nëkloilla (adessive plural)
nëklalta (ablative singular)
nëkloilta (ablative plural)
nëklalën (allative singular)
nëklalëk (allative singular)
nëkloilën (allative plural)
nëkloilëk (allative plural)
nëklana (essive singular)
nëkloina (essive plural)
nëklaksi (singular translative)
nëkloiksi (plural translative)
nëklan (instructive singular)
nëkloin (instructive plural)
nëklanëk (comitative singular)
nëkloinëk (comitative plural)
nëklatta (abessive singular)
nëkloitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: nõel

Finnish: neula

Ingrian: neegla

Karelian:

North Karelian: niekla

South Karelian: niegla

Livonian: nõ’ggõl

Livvi: nieglu

Ludian: niegl

Veps: negl

Võro: nõkl, nõgõl, nõgyl'

Votic: niglõ


suiccu

suiccu (nominative singular)
suic'ut (nominative plural)
suic'un (accusative singular)
suic'ut (accusative plural)
suic'un (genitive singular)
suiccudën (genitive plural)
suiccuidën (genitive plural)
suiccuda (partitive singular)
suiccuida (partitive plural)
suic'ussa (inessive singular)
suic'uhna (inessive singular)
suic'uissa (inessive plural)
suic'uihna (inessive plural)
suic'usta (elative singular)
suic'uista (elative plural)
suiccuhën (illative singular)
suiccuihën (illative plural)
suic'ulla (adessive singular)
suic'uilla (adessive plural)
suic'ulta (ablative singular)
suic'uilta (ablative plural)
suicculën (allative singular)
suicculëk (allative singular)
suiccuilën (allative plural)
suiccuilëk (allative plural)
suiccuna (essive singular)
suiccuina (essive plural)
suic'uksi (singular translative)
suic'uiksi (plural translative)
suic'un (instructive singular)
suic'uin (instructive plural)
suiccunëk (comitative singular)
suiccuinëk (comitative plural)
suic'utta (abessive singular)
suic'uitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: suits

Finnish: suitsu (dialectal)

⇒ Karelian: šuittša

Võro: suits

Votic:

Krevinian: suizu

Possibly related to Inari Sami sohčeđ (“to puff”).


sëkla

sëkla (nominative singular)
sëklat (nominative plural)
sëklan (accusative singular)
sëklat (accusative plural)
sëklan (genitive singular)
sëkladën (genitive plural)
sëkloidën (genitive plural)
sëklada (partitive singular)
sëkloida (partitive plural)
sëklassa (inessive singular)
sëklahna (inessive singular)
sëkloissa (inessive plural)
sëkloihna (inessive plural)
sëklasta (elative singular)
sëkloista (elative plural)
sëklahën (illative singular)
sëkloihën (illative plural)
sëklalla (adessive singular)
sëkloilla (adessive plural)
sëklalta (ablative singular)
sëkloilta (ablative plural)
sëklalën (allative singular)
sëklalëk (allative singular)
sëkloilën (allative plural)
sëkloilëk (allative plural)
sëklana (essive singular)
sëkloina (essive plural)
sëklaksi (singular translative)
sëkloiksi (plural translative)
sëklan (instructive singular)
sëkloin (instructive plural)
sëklanëk (comitative singular)
sëkloinëk (comitative plural)
sëklatta (abessive singular)
sëkloitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: sõel

Finnish: seula

Ingrian: seegla

Karelian:

North Karelian: šiekla

South Karelian: šiegla

Livonian: sõ’ggõl

Livvi: sieglu

Ludian: siegl

Veps: segl

Võro: sõkl, sõgõl, sõgyl'

Votic: siglõ


hëërodak

hëëro- (stem)
hëëron (first-person present singular)
hëëroin (first-person past singular)
hëërogon (first-person optative singular)
hëërot (present second-person singular)
hëëroit (past second-person singular)
hëërok (imperative second-person singular)
hëërogos (optative second-person singular)
hëërobi (present singular third-person)
hëëro (present singular third-person)
hëëroi (past singular third-person)
hëërogasën (imperative singular third-person)
hëërogosën (optative singular third-person)
hëërokmëk (first-person plural present)
hëërokmak (first-person plural present)
hëëroimëk (first-person past plural)
hëëroimak (first-person past plural)
hëërogatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
hëërogatamak (first-person imperative plural)
hëërogotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
hëërogotamak (first-person optative plural)
hëëroktëk (plural present second-person)
hëëroktak (plural present second-person)
hëëroidëk (past plural second-person)
hëëroidak (past plural second-person)
hëërogatë (imperative plural second-person)
hëërogata (imperative plural second-person)
hëërogot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
hëërogotadak (optative plural second-person)
hëërobat (plural present third-person)
hëëro (plural present third-person)
hëëroi (past plural third-person)
hëërogasën (imperative plural third-person)
hëërogosën (optative plural third-person)
hëëroksën (passive present)
hëërot'aksën (passive present)
hëërodisën (passive past)
hëërottisën (passive past)
hëërodakahën (imperative passive)
hëërottakahën (imperative passive)
hëërodakohën (optative passive)
hëërottakohën (optative passive)
hëërok (connegative present)
hëërogak (connegative imperative)
hëërogok (connegative optative)
hëëroktak (connegative passive present)
hëërodagak (connegative imperative passive)
hëërottagak (connegative imperative passive)
hëërodagok (connegative optative passive)
hëërottagok (connegative optative passive)
hëërokcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
hëëroicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
hëëronën (first-person potential singular)
hëërokcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
hëëroicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
hëëronët (potential second-person singular)
hëërokci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
hëëroici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
hëëroni (potential singular third-person)
hëërokcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
hëërokcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
hëëroicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
hëëroicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
hëëronëmëk (first-person plural potential)
hëëronëmak (first-person plural potential)
hëërokcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
hëërokcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
hëëroicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
hëëroicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
hëëronëdëk (plural potential second-person)
hëëronëdak (plural potential second-person)
hëërokci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
hëëroici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
hëëroni (plural potential third-person)
hëërodakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
hëërot'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
hëërodicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
hëërotticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
hëërodanëhën (passive potential)
hëërottanëhën (passive potential)
hëërokcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
hëëroicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
hëëronëk (connegative potential)
hëërodakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
hëërot'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
hëërodicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
hëërotticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
hëërodanëk (connegative passive potential)
hëërottanëk (connegative passive potential)
hëërodak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
hëëroba (active participle present)
hëërodapa (participle passive present)
hëërottapa (participle passive present)
hëërodë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
hëëronut (active participle past)
hëërodu (participle passive past)
hëërottu (participle passive past)
hëëroma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
hëërominen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: hõõruma/hõõruda

Finnish: hieroa

Ingrian: heeroa (< *hëëro(i)dak)

Karelian: hieruo

Livonian: ȭrõ

Livvi: hieruo

Ludian: hieroda

Veps: heroda

Võro: hyyrma/hyyruq, hyyrdma/hyyrduq

Votic: õõroa

→? Proto-Samic: *fierōtēk

Unknown. Possibly related to Udmurt шерыны (šeryny).


pusërtadak

pusërta- (stem)
pusërdan (first-person present singular)
pusërdoin (first-person past singular)
pusërtagon (first-person optative singular)
pusërdat (present second-person singular)
pusërdoit (past second-person singular)
pusërdak (imperative second-person singular)
pusërtagos (optative second-person singular)
pusërtapi (present singular third-person)
pusërta (present singular third-person)
pusërtoi (past singular third-person)
pusërtakahën (imperative singular third-person)
pusërtakohën (optative singular third-person)
pusërdakmëk (first-person plural present)
pusërdakmak (first-person plural present)
pusërtoimëk (first-person past plural)
pusërtoimak (first-person past plural)
pusërtakadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
pusërtakadamak (first-person imperative plural)
pusërtakodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
pusërtakodamak (first-person optative plural)
pusërdaktëk (plural present second-person)
pusërdaktak (plural present second-person)
pusërtoidëk (past plural second-person)
pusërtoidak (past plural second-person)
pusërtakadë (imperative plural second-person)
pusërtakada (imperative plural second-person)
pusërtagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
pusërtakodadak (optative plural second-person)
pusërtabat (plural present third-person)
pusërta (plural present third-person)
pusërtoi (past plural third-person)
pusërtakahën (imperative plural third-person)
pusërtakohën (optative plural third-person)
pusërdaksën (passive present)
pusërdat'aksën (passive present)
pusërtatihën (passive past)
pusërdattihën (passive past)
pusërtatagasën (imperative passive)
pusërdattagasën (imperative passive)
pusërtatagosën (optative passive)
pusërdattagosën (optative passive)
pusërdak (connegative present)
pusërtagak (connegative imperative)
pusërtagok (connegative optative)
pusërdaktak (connegative passive present)
pusërtatagak (connegative imperative passive)
pusërdattagak (connegative imperative passive)
pusërtatagok (connegative optative passive)
pusërdattagok (connegative optative passive)
pusërdakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
pusërtoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
pusërtanën (first-person potential singular)
pusërdakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
pusërtoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
pusërtanët (potential second-person singular)
pusërdakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
pusërtoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
pusërtani (potential singular third-person)
pusërdakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
pusërdakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
pusërtoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
pusërtoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
pusërtanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
pusërtanëmak (first-person plural potential)
pusërdakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
pusërdakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
pusërtoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
pusërtoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
pusërtanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
pusërtanëdak (plural potential second-person)
pusërdakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
pusërtoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
pusërtani (plural potential third-person)
pusërtadakcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
pusërdat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
pusërtaticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
pusërdatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
pusërtatanësën (passive potential)
pusërdattanësën (passive potential)
pusërdakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
pusërtoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
pusërtanëk (connegative potential)
pusërtadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
pusërdat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
pusërtaticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
pusërdatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
pusërtatanëk (connegative passive potential)
pusërdattanëk (connegative passive potential)
pusërtadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
pusërtapa (active participle present)
pusërtataba (participle passive present)
pusërdattaba (participle passive present)
pusërtatë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
pusërtanut (active participle past)
pusërtatu (participle passive past)
pusërdattu (participle passive past)
pusërtama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
pusërtaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: puserdama/puserdada

Finnish: pusertaa

Ingrian: pusertaa

Karelian:

North Karelian: pusertoa

South Karelian: puzerdoa

? Livonian: buzārtõ

Livvi: puzerdua

Ludian: puzerta

Veps: puzerta

Võro: pusõrdama/pusõrdaq

Votic: puzõrta

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *pućɜ-. Cognate with Hungarian facsar.


ubëh

ubëh (nominative singular)
upëhët (nominative plural)
upëhën (accusative singular)
upëhët (accusative plural)
upëhën (genitive singular)
ubëhtën (genitive plural)
upëhidën (genitive plural)
ubëhta (partitive singular)
upëhita (partitive plural)
upëhëssa (inessive singular)
upëhëhna (inessive singular)
upëhissa (inessive plural)
upëhihna (inessive plural)
upëhësta (elative singular)
upëhista (elative plural)
upëhësën (illative singular)
upëhisën (illative plural)
upëhëlla (adessive singular)
upëhilla (adessive plural)
upëhëlta (ablative singular)
upëhilta (ablative plural)
upëhëlën (allative singular)
upëhëlëk (allative singular)
upëhilën (allative plural)
upëhilëk (allative plural)
upëhëna (essive singular)
upëhina (essive plural)
upëhëksi (singular translative)
upëhiksi (plural translative)
upëhën (instructive singular)
upëhin (instructive plural)
upëhënëk (comitative singular)
upëhinëk (comitative plural)
upëhëtta (abessive singular)
upëhitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: (dialectal) uve

Ingrian: uve

Karelian: uveh

Livvi: uveh

Ludian: ubeh

Veps: ubeh

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *ūfaz.


purha

purha (nominative singular)
purhat (nominative plural)
purhan (accusative singular)
purhat (accusative plural)
purhan (genitive singular)
purhadën (genitive plural)
purhëidën (genitive plural)
purhada (partitive singular)
purhëida (partitive plural)
purhassa (inessive singular)
purhahna (inessive singular)
purhëissa (inessive plural)
purhëihna (inessive plural)
purhasta (elative singular)
purhëista (elative plural)
purhahën (illative singular)
purhëihën (illative plural)
purhalla (adessive singular)
purhëilla (adessive plural)
purhalta (ablative singular)
purhëilta (ablative plural)
purhalën (allative singular)
purhalëk (allative singular)
purhëilën (allative plural)
purhëilëk (allative plural)
purhana (essive singular)
purhëina (essive plural)
purhaksi (singular translative)
purhëiksi (plural translative)
purhan (instructive singular)
purhëin (instructive plural)
purhanëk (comitative singular)
purhëinëk (comitative plural)
purhatta (abessive singular)
purhëitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: purha (dialectal)

Karelian:

North Karelian: purha

South Karelian: burha

Livvi: burhu

From earlier *purša, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *fursaz.


künä

künä (nominative singular)
künät (nominative plural)
künän (accusative singular)
künät (accusative plural)
künän (genitive singular)
künäden (genitive plural)
küneiden (genitive plural)
künädä (partitive singular)
küneidä (partitive plural)
künässä (inessive singular)
künähnä (inessive singular)
küneissä (inessive plural)
küneihnä (inessive plural)
künästä (elative singular)
küneistä (elative plural)
künähen (illative singular)
küneihen (illative plural)
künällä (adessive singular)
küneillä (adessive plural)
künältä (ablative singular)
küneiltä (ablative plural)
künälen (allative singular)
künälek (allative singular)
küneilen (allative plural)
küneilek (allative plural)
künänä (essive singular)
küneinä (essive plural)
künäksi (singular translative)
küneiksi (plural translative)
künän (instructive singular)
künein (instructive plural)
künänek (comitative singular)
küneinek (comitative plural)
künättä (abessive singular)
küneittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: küna

Finnish: kynä

Karelian: kynä

Livonian: kinā

Livvi: kynä

Ludian: künä

, *kaukalo, *ruuhi

quill, hollow shaft (lower shaft of a feather)


vetädäk

vetä- (stem)
vedän (first-person present singular)
vedein (first-person past singular)
vetägon (first-person optative singular)
vedät (present second-person singular)
vedeit (past second-person singular)
vedäk (imperative second-person singular)
vetägos (optative second-person singular)
vetäbi (present singular third-person)
vetä (present singular third-person)
vetei (past singular third-person)
vetägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
vetägosen (optative singular third-person)
vedäkmek (first-person plural present)
vedäkmäk (first-person plural present)
veteimek (first-person past plural)
veteimäk (first-person past plural)
vetägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
vetägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
vetägotemek (first-person optative plural)
vetägotämäk (first-person optative plural)
vedäktek (plural present second-person)
vedäktäk (plural present second-person)
veteidek (past plural second-person)
veteidäk (past plural second-person)
vetägäte (imperative plural second-person)
vetägätä (imperative plural second-person)
vetägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
vetägotädäk (optative plural second-person)
vetäbät (plural present third-person)
vetä (plural present third-person)
vetei (past plural third-person)
vetägäsen (imperative plural third-person)
vetägosen (optative plural third-person)
vedäksen (passive present)
vedät'äksen (passive present)
vetädisen (passive past)
vedättisen (passive past)
vetädäkähen (imperative passive)
vedättäkähen (imperative passive)
vetädäkohen (optative passive)
vedättäkohen (optative passive)
vedäk (connegative present)
vetägäk (connegative imperative)
vetägok (connegative optative)
vedäktäk (connegative passive present)
vetädägäk (connegative imperative passive)
vedättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
vetädägok (connegative optative passive)
vedättägok (connegative optative passive)
vedäkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
veteicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
vetänen (first-person potential singular)
vedäkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
veteicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
vetänet (potential second-person singular)
vedäkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
veteici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
vetäni (potential singular third-person)
vedäkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
vedäkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
veteicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
veteicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
vetänemek (first-person plural potential)
vetänemäk (first-person plural potential)
vedäkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
vedäkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
veteicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
veteicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
vetänedek (plural potential second-person)
vetänedäk (plural potential second-person)
vedäkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
veteici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
vetäni (plural potential third-person)
vetädäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
vedät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
vetädicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
vedätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
vetädänehen (passive potential)
vedättänehen (passive potential)
vedäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
veteicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
vetänek (connegative potential)
vetädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
vedät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
vetädicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
vedätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
vetädänek (connegative passive potential)
vedättänek (connegative passive potential)
vetädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
vetäbä (active participle present)
vetädäpä (participle passive present)
vedättäpä (participle passive present)
vetäde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
vetänüt (active participle past)
vetädü (participle passive past)
vedättü (participle passive past)
vetämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
vetäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: vedama/vedada

Finnish: vetää

Ingrian: vettää

Karelian:

North Karelian: veteä

South Karelian: vedeä

Livonian: vie’ddõ

Livvi: vediä

Ludian: vedädä, vedada

Veps: vedada

Võro: vidämä/vitäq

Votic: (Kattila, Pummala) vetää

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *wetä-. Cognate with Hungarian vezet.


valvadak

valva- (stem)
valvan (first-person present singular)
valvoin (first-person past singular)
valvagon (first-person optative singular)
valvat (present second-person singular)
valvoit (past second-person singular)
valvak (imperative second-person singular)
valvagos (optative second-person singular)
valvabi (present singular third-person)
valva (present singular third-person)
valvoi (past singular third-person)
valvagasën (imperative singular third-person)
valvagosën (optative singular third-person)
valvakmëk (first-person plural present)
valvakmak (first-person plural present)
valvoimëk (first-person past plural)
valvoimak (first-person past plural)
valvagatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
valvagatamak (first-person imperative plural)
valvagotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
valvagotamak (first-person optative plural)
valvaktëk (plural present second-person)
valvaktak (plural present second-person)
valvoidëk (past plural second-person)
valvoidak (past plural second-person)
valvagatë (imperative plural second-person)
valvagata (imperative plural second-person)
valvagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
valvagotadak (optative plural second-person)
valvabat (plural present third-person)
valva (plural present third-person)
valvoi (past plural third-person)
valvagasën (imperative plural third-person)
valvagosën (optative plural third-person)
valvaksën (passive present)
valvat'aksën (passive present)
valvadisën (passive past)
valvattisën (passive past)
valvadakahën (imperative passive)
valvattakahën (imperative passive)
valvadakohën (optative passive)
valvattakohën (optative passive)
valvak (connegative present)
valvagak (connegative imperative)
valvagok (connegative optative)
valvaktak (connegative passive present)
valvadagak (connegative imperative passive)
valvattagak (connegative imperative passive)
valvadagok (connegative optative passive)
valvattagok (connegative optative passive)
valvakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
valvoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
valvanën (first-person potential singular)
valvakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
valvoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
valvanët (potential second-person singular)
valvakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
valvoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
valvani (potential singular third-person)
valvakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
valvakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
valvoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
valvoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
valvanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
valvanëmak (first-person plural potential)
valvakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
valvakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
valvoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
valvoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
valvanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
valvanëdak (plural potential second-person)
valvakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
valvoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
valvani (plural potential third-person)
valvadakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
valvat'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
valvadicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
valvatticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
valvadanëhën (passive potential)
valvattanëhën (passive potential)
valvakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
valvoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
valvanëk (connegative potential)
valvadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
valvat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
valvadicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
valvatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
valvadanëk (connegative passive potential)
valvattanëk (connegative passive potential)
valvadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
valvaba (active participle present)
valvadapa (participle passive present)
valvattapa (participle passive present)
valvadë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
valvanut (active participle past)
valvadu (participle passive past)
valvattu (participle passive past)
valvama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
valvaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: valvama/valvata

Finnish: (dialectal) valvaa

Võro: valvma/valvaq

Votic: (Mati) valvaa

Finnish: valvoa

→ Inari Sami: válvuđ

Ingrian: valvoa

Karelian:

North Karelian: valvuo

South Karelian: valvuo

Livvi: valvuo

Votic: valvoa

Possibly from the same root as *valadak, or alternatively, per Aikio, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *walwijaną.


kimalainën

kimalainën (nominative singular)
kimalaicët (nominative plural)
kimalaicën (accusative singular)
kimalaicët (accusative plural)
kimalaicën (genitive singular)
kimalaictën (genitive plural)
kimalaicidën (genitive plural)
kimalaicta (partitive singular)
kimalaicida (partitive plural)
kimalaicëssa (inessive singular)
kimalaicëhna (inessive singular)
kimalaicissa (inessive plural)
kimalaicihna (inessive plural)
kimalaicësta (elative singular)
kimalaicista (elative plural)
kimalaicëhën (illative singular)
kimalaicihën (illative plural)
kimalaicëlla (adessive singular)
kimalaicilla (adessive plural)
kimalaicëlta (ablative singular)
kimalaicilta (ablative plural)
kimalaicëlën (allative singular)
kimalaicëlëk (allative singular)
kimalaicilën (allative plural)
kimalaicilëk (allative plural)
kimalainna (essive singular)
kimalaicina (essive plural)
kimalaicëksi (singular translative)
kimalaiciksi (plural translative)
kimalaicën (instructive singular)
kimalaicin (instructive plural)
kimalainnëk (comitative singular)
kimalaicinëk (comitative plural)
kimalaicëtta (abessive singular)
kimalaicitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: kimalane

Finnish: kimalainen

Ingrian: kimalain

⇒ Livvi: kimaleh

Võro: kimalanõ

⇒ Votic: tšimo, tšimolain

The root *kimala possibly borrowed from Proto-Slavic *čьmeľь + *-inën.


lahto

lahto (nominative singular)
lahtot (nominative plural)
lahton (accusative singular)
lahtot (accusative plural)
lahton (genitive singular)
lahtodën (genitive plural)
lahtoidën (genitive plural)
lahtoda (partitive singular)
lahtoida (partitive plural)
lahtossa (inessive singular)
lahtohna (inessive singular)
lahtoissa (inessive plural)
lahtoihna (inessive plural)
lahtosta (elative singular)
lahtoista (elative plural)
lahtohën (illative singular)
lahtoihën (illative plural)
lahtolla (adessive singular)
lahtoilla (adessive plural)
lahtolta (ablative singular)
lahtoilta (ablative plural)
lahtolën (allative singular)
lahtolëk (allative singular)
lahtoilën (allative plural)
lahtoilëk (allative plural)
lahtona (essive singular)
lahtoina (essive plural)
lahtoksi (singular translative)
lahtoiksi (plural translative)
lahton (instructive singular)
lahtoin (instructive plural)
lahtonëk (comitative singular)
lahtoinëk (comitative plural)
lahtotta (abessive singular)
lahtoitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: (dialectal) lahto

Karelian:

South Karelian: lahto

Livvi: lahto

⇒ Ludian: lahtoine

Veps: laht, lahk

Borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian slazds, Lithuanian sląstos).


repidäk

repi- (stem)
rebin (first-person present singular)
repejin (first-person past singular)
repigon (first-person optative singular)
rebit (present second-person singular)
repejit (past second-person singular)
rebik (imperative second-person singular)
repigos (optative second-person singular)
repibi (present singular third-person)
repi (present singular third-person)
repeji (past singular third-person)
repigäsen (imperative singular third-person)
repigosen (optative singular third-person)
rebikmek (first-person plural present)
rebikmäk (first-person plural present)
repejimek (first-person past plural)
repejimäk (first-person past plural)
repigätemek (first-person imperative plural)
repigätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
repigotemek (first-person optative plural)
repigotämäk (first-person optative plural)
rebiktek (plural present second-person)
rebiktäk (plural present second-person)
repejidek (past plural second-person)
repejidäk (past plural second-person)
repigäte (imperative plural second-person)
repigätä (imperative plural second-person)
repigot'ek (optative plural second-person)
repigotädäk (optative plural second-person)
repibät (plural present third-person)
repi (plural present third-person)
repeji (past plural third-person)
repigäsen (imperative plural third-person)
repigosen (optative plural third-person)
rebiksen (passive present)
rebit'äksen (passive present)
repidisen (passive past)
rebittisen (passive past)
repidäkähen (imperative passive)
rebittäkähen (imperative passive)
repidäkohen (optative passive)
rebittäkohen (optative passive)
rebik (connegative present)
repigäk (connegative imperative)
repigok (connegative optative)
rebiktäk (connegative passive present)
repidägäk (connegative imperative passive)
rebittägäk (connegative imperative passive)
repidägok (connegative optative passive)
rebittägok (connegative optative passive)
rebikcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
repejicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
repinen (first-person potential singular)
rebikcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
repejicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
repinet (potential second-person singular)
rebikci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
repejici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
repini (potential singular third-person)
rebikcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
rebikcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
repejicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
repejicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
repinemek (first-person plural potential)
repinemäk (first-person plural potential)
rebikcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
rebikcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
repejicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
repejicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
repinedek (plural potential second-person)
repinedäk (plural potential second-person)
rebikci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
repejici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
repini (plural potential third-person)
repidäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
rebit'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
repidicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
rebitticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
repidänehen (passive potential)
rebittänehen (passive potential)
rebikcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
repejicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
repinek (connegative potential)
repidäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
rebit'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
repidicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
rebitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
repidänek (connegative passive potential)
rebittänek (connegative passive potential)
repidäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
repibä (active participle present)
repidäpä (participle passive present)
rebittäpä (participle passive present)
repide- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
repinüt (active participle past)
repidü (participle passive past)
rebittü (participle passive past)
repimä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
repiminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: rebima/rebida

Finnish: repiä

Ingrian: reppiä

Karelian:

North Karelian: repie

South Karelian: rebie

⇒ Livvi: revitä

⇒ Ludian: rebitä

⇒ Veps: rebita

Võro: räbimä/räpiq

Votic: reppiä

Cognate with Proto-Samic *rëpëtēk. Possibly onomatopoeic. Words with a similar sound are also found in other languages, such as Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- and Hungarian reped.


këlbat'ak

këlbada- (stem)
këlbadan (first-person present singular)
këlbacin (first-person past singular)
këlbatkon (first-person optative singular)
këlbadat (present second-person singular)
këlbacit (past second-person singular)
këlbadak (imperative second-person singular)
këlbatkos (optative second-person singular)
këlbadapi (present singular third-person)
këlbat (present singular third-person)
këlbaci (past singular third-person)
këlbatkasën (imperative singular third-person)
këlbatkosën (optative singular third-person)
këlbadakmëk (first-person plural present)
këlbadakmak (first-person plural present)
këlbacimëk (first-person past plural)
këlbacimak (first-person past plural)
këlbatkatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
këlbatkatamak (first-person imperative plural)
këlbatkotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
këlbatkotamak (first-person optative plural)
këlbadaktëk (plural present second-person)
këlbadaktak (plural present second-person)
këlbacidëk (past plural second-person)
këlbacidak (past plural second-person)
këlbatkatë (imperative plural second-person)
këlbatkata (imperative plural second-person)
këlbatkot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
këlbatkotadak (optative plural second-person)
këlbadabat (plural present third-person)
këlbat (plural present third-person)
këlbaci (past plural third-person)
këlbatkasën (imperative plural third-person)
këlbatkosën (optative plural third-person)
këlbadaksën (passive present)
këlbadat'aksën (passive present)
këlbattisën (passive past)
këlbadattihën (passive past)
këlbattakahën (imperative passive)
këlbadattagasën (imperative passive)
këlbattakohën (optative passive)
këlbadattagosën (optative passive)
këlbadak (connegative present)
këlbatkak (connegative imperative)
këlbatkok (connegative optative)
këlbadaktak (connegative passive present)
këlbattagak (connegative imperative passive)
këlbadattagak (connegative imperative passive)
këlbattagok (connegative optative passive)
këlbadattagok (connegative optative passive)
këlbadakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
këlbacicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
këlbannën (first-person potential singular)
këlbadakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
këlbacicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
këlbannët (potential second-person singular)
këlbadakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
këlbacici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
këlbanni (potential singular third-person)
këlbadakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
këlbadakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
këlbacicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
këlbacicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
këlbannëmëk (first-person plural potential)
këlbannëmak (first-person plural potential)
këlbadakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
këlbadakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
këlbacicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
këlbacicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
këlbannëdëk (plural potential second-person)
këlbannëdak (plural potential second-person)
këlbadakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
këlbacici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
këlbanni (plural potential third-person)
këlbat'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
këlbadat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
këlbatticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
këlbadatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
këlbattanëhën (passive potential)
këlbadattanësën (passive potential)
këlbadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
këlbacicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
këlbannëk (connegative potential)
këlbat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
këlbadat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
këlbatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
këlbadatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
këlbattanëk (connegative passive potential)
këlbadattanëk (connegative passive potential)
këlbat'ak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
këlbadapa (active participle present)
këlbattapa (participle passive present)
këlbadattaba (participle passive present)
këlbattë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
këlbannut (active participle past)
këlbattu (participle passive past)
këlbadattu (participle passive past)
këlbadama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
këlbadaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: kõlbama/kõlvata

Finnish: kelvata

Ingrian: kelvata

Karelian:

North Karelian: kelvata

South Karelian: kelvata

Livonian: kõlbõ

Livvi: kelvata

Võro: kõlbama/kõlvadaq

Votic: kõlvõtõ

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *helpaną (or from earlier Pre-Germanic) or alternatively from Baltic (compare Lithuanian gelbėti). Contains either the suffix *-t'ak or *-ait'ak.


sisalikko

sisalikko (nominative singular)
sisalik'ot (nominative plural)
sisalik'on (accusative singular)
sisalik'ot (accusative plural)
sisalik'on (genitive singular)
sisalikkodën (genitive plural)
sisalikkoidën (genitive plural)
sisalikkoda (partitive singular)
sisalikkoida (partitive plural)
sisalik'ossa (inessive singular)
sisalik'ohna (inessive singular)
sisalik'oissa (inessive plural)
sisalik'oihna (inessive plural)
sisalik'osta (elative singular)
sisalik'oista (elative plural)
sisalikkohën (illative singular)
sisalikkoihën (illative plural)
sisalik'olla (adessive singular)
sisalik'oilla (adessive plural)
sisalik'olta (ablative singular)
sisalik'oilta (ablative plural)
sisalikkolën (allative singular)
sisalikkolëk (allative singular)
sisalikkoilën (allative plural)
sisalikkoilëk (allative plural)
sisalikkona (essive singular)
sisalikkoina (essive plural)
sisalik'oksi (singular translative)
sisalik'oiksi (plural translative)
sisalik'on (instructive singular)
sisalik'oin (instructive plural)
sisalikkonëk (comitative singular)
sisalikkoinëk (comitative plural)
sisalik'otta (abessive singular)
sisalik'oitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: sisalik

desc

Finnish: sisilisko, (archaic, dialectal) sisalisko

Ingrian: sysälikko

Karelian:

North Karelian: čičiliušku

South Karelian: čidžilyškä

Livonian: sižālikki

Livvi: šižiliuhku

Ludian: šiželih

Veps: šižlik

→ Russian: жижлик (žižlik), жижлуха (žižluxa)

Võro: sysalik, sisalik

Votic: süsälikko

From a root *sisal, from Proto-Uralic [Term?]. Cognate with Proto-Samic *teańčëlëŋkēs. The root exhibits a high amount of irregular sound changes, which SSA attributes to the 'affective' nature of the word.

common lizard, viviparous lizard (Zootoca vivipara)


kääridäk

kääri- (stem)
käärin (first-person present singular)
käärejin (first-person past singular)
käärigon (first-person optative singular)
käärit (present second-person singular)
käärejit (past second-person singular)
käärik (imperative second-person singular)
käärigos (optative second-person singular)
kääribi (present singular third-person)
kääri (present singular third-person)
kääreji (past singular third-person)
käärigäsen (imperative singular third-person)
käärigosen (optative singular third-person)
käärikmek (first-person plural present)
käärikmäk (first-person plural present)
käärejimek (first-person past plural)
käärejimäk (first-person past plural)
käärigätemek (first-person imperative plural)
käärigätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
käärigotemek (first-person optative plural)
käärigotämäk (first-person optative plural)
kääriktek (plural present second-person)
kääriktäk (plural present second-person)
käärejidek (past plural second-person)
käärejidäk (past plural second-person)
käärigäte (imperative plural second-person)
käärigätä (imperative plural second-person)
käärigot'ek (optative plural second-person)
käärigotädäk (optative plural second-person)
kääribät (plural present third-person)
kääri (plural present third-person)
kääreji (past plural third-person)
käärigäsen (imperative plural third-person)
käärigosen (optative plural third-person)
kääriksen (passive present)
käärit'äksen (passive present)
kääridisen (passive past)
käärittisen (passive past)
kääridäkähen (imperative passive)
käärittäkähen (imperative passive)
kääridäkohen (optative passive)
käärittäkohen (optative passive)
käärik (connegative present)
käärigäk (connegative imperative)
käärigok (connegative optative)
kääriktäk (connegative passive present)
kääridägäk (connegative imperative passive)
käärittägäk (connegative imperative passive)
kääridägok (connegative optative passive)
käärittägok (connegative optative passive)
käärikcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
käärejicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
käärinen (first-person potential singular)
käärikcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
käärejicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
käärinet (potential second-person singular)
käärikci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
käärejici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
käärini (potential singular third-person)
käärikcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
käärikcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
käärejicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
käärejicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
käärinemek (first-person plural potential)
käärinemäk (first-person plural potential)
käärikcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
käärikcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
käärejicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
käärejicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
käärinedek (plural potential second-person)
käärinedäk (plural potential second-person)
käärikci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
käärejici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
käärini (plural potential third-person)
kääridäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
käärit'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
kääridicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kääritticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kääridänehen (passive potential)
käärittänehen (passive potential)
käärikcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
käärejicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
käärinek (connegative potential)
kääridäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
käärit'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kääridicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kääritticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kääridänek (connegative passive potential)
käärittänek (connegative passive potential)
kääridäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
kääribä (active participle present)
kääridäpä (participle passive present)
käärittäpä (participle passive present)
kääride- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
käärinüt (active participle past)
kääridü (participle passive past)
käärittü (participle passive past)
käärimä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
kääriminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: käärima/käärida

Finnish: kääriä

Ingrian: kääriä

Karelian: keärie

Livvi: kiärie

Ludian: kiäridä

Veps: kärdä

Võro: käär'mä/kääriq

Votic: tšääriä

Probably from Proto-Uralic *käre-j-. The expected raising *ää > *ee would have been blocked by the *-j- suffix, yet not in this case of the doublet *keeridäk.


rahko

rahko (nominative singular)
rahkot (nominative plural)
rahkon (accusative singular)
rahkot (accusative plural)
rahkon (genitive singular)
rahkodën (genitive plural)
rahkoidën (genitive plural)
rahkoda (partitive singular)
rahkoida (partitive plural)
rahkossa (inessive singular)
rahkohna (inessive singular)
rahkoissa (inessive plural)
rahkoihna (inessive plural)
rahkosta (elative singular)
rahkoista (elative plural)
rahkohën (illative singular)
rahkoihën (illative plural)
rahkolla (adessive singular)
rahkoilla (adessive plural)
rahkolta (ablative singular)
rahkoilta (ablative plural)
rahkolën (allative singular)
rahkolëk (allative singular)
rahkoilën (allative plural)
rahkoilëk (allative plural)
rahkona (essive singular)
rahkoina (essive plural)
rahkoksi (singular translative)
rahkoiksi (plural translative)
rahkon (instructive singular)
rahkoin (instructive plural)
rahkonëk (comitative singular)
rahkoinëk (comitative plural)
rahkotta (abessive singular)
rahkoitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: rahko (dialectal)

Karelian: rahko

Votic: (Jõgõperä) rahko


autugas

autugas (nominative singular)
autugasët (nominative plural)
autugasën (accusative singular)
autugasët (accusative plural)
autugasën (genitive singular)
autugastën (genitive plural)
autugasidën (genitive plural)
autugasta (partitive singular)
autugasida (partitive plural)
autugasëssa (inessive singular)
autugasëhna (inessive singular)
autugasissa (inessive plural)
autugasihna (inessive plural)
autugasësta (elative singular)
autugasista (elative plural)
autugasëhën (illative singular)
autugasihën (illative plural)
autugasëlla (adessive singular)
autugasilla (adessive plural)
autugasëlta (ablative singular)
autugasilta (ablative plural)
autugasëlën (allative singular)
autugasëlëk (allative singular)
autugasilën (allative plural)
autugasilëk (allative plural)
autugassa (essive singular)
autugasina (essive plural)
autugasëksi (singular translative)
autugasiksi (plural translative)
autugasën (instructive singular)
autugasin (instructive plural)
autugassëk (comitative singular)
autugasinëk (comitative plural)
autugasëtta (abessive singular)
autugasitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: auduv, hauduv (obsolete)

Finnish: autuas, (dialectal) autuvas

→ Inari Sami: avdâgâs

→ Northern Sami: ávdugas

Karelian: autuos


köhidäk

köhi- (stem)
köhin (first-person present singular)
köhejin (first-person past singular)
köhigon (first-person optative singular)
köhit (present second-person singular)
köhejit (past second-person singular)
köhik (imperative second-person singular)
köhigos (optative second-person singular)
köhibi (present singular third-person)
köhi (present singular third-person)
köheji (past singular third-person)
köhigäsen (imperative singular third-person)
köhigosen (optative singular third-person)
köhikmek (first-person plural present)
köhikmäk (first-person plural present)
köhejimek (first-person past plural)
köhejimäk (first-person past plural)
köhigätemek (first-person imperative plural)
köhigätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
köhigotemek (first-person optative plural)
köhigotämäk (first-person optative plural)
köhiktek (plural present second-person)
köhiktäk (plural present second-person)
köhejidek (past plural second-person)
köhejidäk (past plural second-person)
köhigäte (imperative plural second-person)
köhigätä (imperative plural second-person)
köhigot'ek (optative plural second-person)
köhigotädäk (optative plural second-person)
köhibät (plural present third-person)
köhi (plural present third-person)
köheji (past plural third-person)
köhigäsen (imperative plural third-person)
köhigosen (optative plural third-person)
köhiksen (passive present)
köhit'äksen (passive present)
köhidisen (passive past)
köhittisen (passive past)
köhidäkähen (imperative passive)
köhittäkähen (imperative passive)
köhidäkohen (optative passive)
köhittäkohen (optative passive)
köhik (connegative present)
köhigäk (connegative imperative)
köhigok (connegative optative)
köhiktäk (connegative passive present)
köhidägäk (connegative imperative passive)
köhittägäk (connegative imperative passive)
köhidägok (connegative optative passive)
köhittägok (connegative optative passive)
köhikcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
köhejicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
köhinen (first-person potential singular)
köhikcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
köhejicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
köhinet (potential second-person singular)
köhikci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
köhejici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
köhini (potential singular third-person)
köhikcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
köhikcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
köhejicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
köhejicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
köhinemek (first-person plural potential)
köhinemäk (first-person plural potential)
köhikcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
köhikcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
köhejicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
köhejicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
köhinedek (plural potential second-person)
köhinedäk (plural potential second-person)
köhikci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
köhejici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
köhini (plural potential third-person)
köhidäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
köhit'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
köhidicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
köhitticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
köhidänehen (passive potential)
köhittänehen (passive potential)
köhikcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
köhejicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
köhinek (connegative potential)
köhidäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
köhit'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
köhidicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
köhitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
köhidänek (connegative passive potential)
köhittänek (connegative passive potential)
köhidäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
köhibä (active participle present)
köhidäpä (participle passive present)
köhittäpä (participle passive present)
köhide- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
köhinüt (active participle past)
köhidü (participle passive past)
köhittü (participle passive past)
köhimä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
köhiminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: köhima/köhida

Finnish: köhiä

Ingrian: köhhiä

Karelian: köhie

Livonian: kie’vtõ

Võro: köhimä/köhhiq

Votic: tšöhhiä


palvodak

palvo- (stem)
palvon (first-person present singular)
palvoin (first-person past singular)
palvogon (first-person optative singular)
palvot (present second-person singular)
palvoit (past second-person singular)
palvok (imperative second-person singular)
palvogos (optative second-person singular)
palvobi (present singular third-person)
palvo (present singular third-person)
palvoi (past singular third-person)
palvogasën (imperative singular third-person)
palvogosën (optative singular third-person)
palvokmëk (first-person plural present)
palvokmak (first-person plural present)
palvoimëk (first-person past plural)
palvoimak (first-person past plural)
palvogatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
palvogatamak (first-person imperative plural)
palvogotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
palvogotamak (first-person optative plural)
palvoktëk (plural present second-person)
palvoktak (plural present second-person)
palvoidëk (past plural second-person)
palvoidak (past plural second-person)
palvogatë (imperative plural second-person)
palvogata (imperative plural second-person)
palvogot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
palvogotadak (optative plural second-person)
palvobat (plural present third-person)
palvo (plural present third-person)
palvoi (past plural third-person)
palvogasën (imperative plural third-person)
palvogosën (optative plural third-person)
palvoksën (passive present)
palvot'aksën (passive present)
palvodisën (passive past)
palvottisën (passive past)
palvodakahën (imperative passive)
palvottakahën (imperative passive)
palvodakohën (optative passive)
palvottakohën (optative passive)
palvok (connegative present)
palvogak (connegative imperative)
palvogok (connegative optative)
palvoktak (connegative passive present)
palvodagak (connegative imperative passive)
palvottagak (connegative imperative passive)
palvodagok (connegative optative passive)
palvottagok (connegative optative passive)
palvokcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
palvoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
palvonën (first-person potential singular)
palvokcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
palvoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
palvonët (potential second-person singular)
palvokci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
palvoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
palvoni (potential singular third-person)
palvokcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
palvokcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
palvoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
palvoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
palvonëmëk (first-person plural potential)
palvonëmak (first-person plural potential)
palvokcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
palvokcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
palvoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
palvoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
palvonëdëk (plural potential second-person)
palvonëdak (plural potential second-person)
palvokci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
palvoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
palvoni (plural potential third-person)
palvodakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
palvot'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
palvodicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
palvotticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
palvodanëhën (passive potential)
palvottanëhën (passive potential)
palvokcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
palvoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
palvonëk (connegative potential)
palvodakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
palvot'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
palvodicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
palvotticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
palvodanëk (connegative passive potential)
palvottanëk (connegative passive potential)
palvodak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
palvoba (active participle present)
palvodapa (participle passive present)
palvottapa (participle passive present)
palvodë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
palvonut (active participle past)
palvodu (participle passive past)
palvottu (participle passive past)
palvoma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
palvominen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: paluma/paluda

Finnish: palvoa

→ Inari Sami: palvâliđ

→ Northern Sami: bálvalit

Ingrian: palvoa

→? Votic: palvoa

Karelian: palvuo

Livonian: pallõ, (Salaca) pall

Livvi: palvuo

Võro: pallõma/pallõldaq

Votic:

Kukkuzi: palvoa

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian balva).


endustadak

endusta- (stem)
endustan (first-person present singular)
endustëin (first-person past singular)
endustagon (first-person optative singular)
endustat (present second-person singular)
endustëit (past second-person singular)
endustak (imperative second-person singular)
endustagos (optative second-person singular)
endustapi (present singular third-person)
endusta (present singular third-person)
endustëi (past singular third-person)
endustakahën (imperative singular third-person)
endustakohën (optative singular third-person)
endustakmëk (first-person plural present)
endustakmak (first-person plural present)
endustëimëk (first-person past plural)
endustëimak (first-person past plural)
endustakadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
endustakadamak (first-person imperative plural)
endustakodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
endustakodamak (first-person optative plural)
endustaktëk (plural present second-person)
endustaktak (plural present second-person)
endustëidëk (past plural second-person)
endustëidak (past plural second-person)
endustakadë (imperative plural second-person)
endustakada (imperative plural second-person)
endustagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
endustakodadak (optative plural second-person)
endustabat (plural present third-person)
endusta (plural present third-person)
endustëi (past plural third-person)
endustakahën (imperative plural third-person)
endustakohën (optative plural third-person)
endustaksën (passive present)
endustat'aksën (passive present)
endustatihën (passive past)
endustattihën (passive past)
endustatagasën (imperative passive)
endustattagasën (imperative passive)
endustatagosën (optative passive)
endustattagosën (optative passive)
endustak (connegative present)
endustagak (connegative imperative)
endustagok (connegative optative)
endustaktak (connegative passive present)
endustatagak (connegative imperative passive)
endustattagak (connegative imperative passive)
endustatagok (connegative optative passive)
endustattagok (connegative optative passive)
endustakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
endustëicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
endustanën (first-person potential singular)
endustakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
endustëicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
endustanët (potential second-person singular)
endustakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
endustëici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
endustani (potential singular third-person)
endustakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
endustakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
endustëicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
endustëicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
endustanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
endustanëmak (first-person plural potential)
endustakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
endustakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
endustëicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
endustëicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
endustanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
endustanëdak (plural potential second-person)
endustakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
endustëici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
endustani (plural potential third-person)
endustadakcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
endustat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
endustaticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
endustatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
endustatanësën (passive potential)
endustattanësën (passive potential)
endustakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
endustëicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
endustanëk (connegative potential)
endustadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
endustat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
endustaticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
endustatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
endustatanëk (connegative passive potential)
endustattanëk (connegative passive potential)
endustadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
endustapa (active participle present)
endustataba (participle passive present)
endustattaba (participle passive present)
endustatë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
endustanut (active participle past)
endustatu (participle passive past)
endustattu (participle passive past)
endustama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
endustaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: ennustama/ennustada

Finnish: ennustaa

→ Inari Sami: ennustiđ

→ Northern Sami: einnostit

Ingrian: ennustaa

Karelian: einuštua

Livvi: ennustua

Ludian: endustada

Veps: endustada

Votic: (Pummala) ennussaa


kasvattadak

kasvatta- (stem)
kasvat'an (first-person present singular)
kasvat'oin (first-person past singular)
kasvattagon (first-person optative singular)
kasvat'at (present second-person singular)
kasvat'oit (past second-person singular)
kasvat'ak (imperative second-person singular)
kasvattagos (optative second-person singular)
kasvattapi (present singular third-person)
kasvatta (present singular third-person)
kasvattoi (past singular third-person)
kasvattakahën (imperative singular third-person)
kasvattakohën (optative singular third-person)
kasvat'akmëk (first-person plural present)
kasvat'akmak (first-person plural present)
kasvattoimëk (first-person past plural)
kasvattoimak (first-person past plural)
kasvattakadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
kasvattakadamak (first-person imperative plural)
kasvattakodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
kasvattakodamak (first-person optative plural)
kasvat'aktëk (plural present second-person)
kasvat'aktak (plural present second-person)
kasvattoidëk (past plural second-person)
kasvattoidak (past plural second-person)
kasvattakadë (imperative plural second-person)
kasvattakada (imperative plural second-person)
kasvattagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
kasvattakodadak (optative plural second-person)
kasvattabat (plural present third-person)
kasvatta (plural present third-person)
kasvattoi (past plural third-person)
kasvattakahën (imperative plural third-person)
kasvattakohën (optative plural third-person)
kasvat'aksën (passive present)
kasvat'at'aksën (passive present)
kasvattatihën (passive past)
kasvat'attihën (passive past)
kasvattatagasën (imperative passive)
kasvat'attagasën (imperative passive)
kasvattatagosën (optative passive)
kasvat'attagosën (optative passive)
kasvat'ak (connegative present)
kasvattagak (connegative imperative)
kasvattagok (connegative optative)
kasvat'aktak (connegative passive present)
kasvattatagak (connegative imperative passive)
kasvat'attagak (connegative imperative passive)
kasvattatagok (connegative optative passive)
kasvat'attagok (connegative optative passive)
kasvat'akcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
kasvattoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
kasvattanën (first-person potential singular)
kasvat'akcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
kasvattoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
kasvattanët (potential second-person singular)
kasvat'akci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
kasvattoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
kasvattani (potential singular third-person)
kasvat'akcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kasvat'akcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kasvattoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kasvattoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kasvattanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
kasvattanëmak (first-person plural potential)
kasvat'akcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kasvat'akcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kasvattoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kasvattoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kasvattanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
kasvattanëdak (plural potential second-person)
kasvat'akci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
kasvattoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
kasvattani (plural potential third-person)
kasvattadakcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kasvat'at'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kasvattaticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kasvat'atticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kasvattatanësën (passive potential)
kasvat'attanësën (passive potential)
kasvat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
kasvattoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
kasvattanëk (connegative potential)
kasvattadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kasvat'at'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kasvattaticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kasvat'atticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kasvattatanëk (connegative passive potential)
kasvat'attanëk (connegative passive potential)
kasvattadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
kasvattapa (active participle present)
kasvattataba (participle passive present)
kasvat'attaba (participle passive present)
kasvattatë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
kasvattanut (active participle past)
kasvattatu (participle passive past)
kasvat'attu (participle passive past)
kasvattama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
kasvattaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: kasvatama/kasvatada

Finnish: kasvattaa

Ingrian: kasvattaa

Karelian:

North Karelian: kasvattoa

South Karelian: kazvattoa

Livonian: kazātõ

Livvi: kazvattua

Ludian: kazvattada

Veps: kazvatada

Võro: kasutama/kasutaq

Votic: kazvõtta


vihat'ak

vihada- (stem)
vihadan (first-person present singular)
vihacin (first-person past singular)
vihatkon (first-person optative singular)
vihadat (present second-person singular)
vihacit (past second-person singular)
vihadak (imperative second-person singular)
vihatkos (optative second-person singular)
vihadapi (present singular third-person)
vihat (present singular third-person)
vihaci (past singular third-person)
vihatkasën (imperative singular third-person)
vihatkosën (optative singular third-person)
vihadakmëk (first-person plural present)
vihadakmak (first-person plural present)
vihacimëk (first-person past plural)
vihacimak (first-person past plural)
vihatkatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
vihatkatamak (first-person imperative plural)
vihatkotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
vihatkotamak (first-person optative plural)
vihadaktëk (plural present second-person)
vihadaktak (plural present second-person)
vihacidëk (past plural second-person)
vihacidak (past plural second-person)
vihatkatë (imperative plural second-person)
vihatkata (imperative plural second-person)
vihatkot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
vihatkotadak (optative plural second-person)
vihadabat (plural present third-person)
vihat (plural present third-person)
vihaci (past plural third-person)
vihatkasën (imperative plural third-person)
vihatkosën (optative plural third-person)
vihadaksën (passive present)
vihadat'aksën (passive present)
vihattisën (passive past)
vihadattihën (passive past)
vihattakahën (imperative passive)
vihadattagasën (imperative passive)
vihattakohën (optative passive)
vihadattagosën (optative passive)
vihadak (connegative present)
vihatkak (connegative imperative)
vihatkok (connegative optative)
vihadaktak (connegative passive present)
vihattagak (connegative imperative passive)
vihadattagak (connegative imperative passive)
vihattagok (connegative optative passive)
vihadattagok (connegative optative passive)
vihadakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
vihacicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
vihannën (first-person potential singular)
vihadakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
vihacicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
vihannët (potential second-person singular)
vihadakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
vihacici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
vihanni (potential singular third-person)
vihadakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
vihadakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
vihacicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
vihacicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
vihannëmëk (first-person plural potential)
vihannëmak (first-person plural potential)
vihadakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
vihadakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
vihacicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
vihacicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
vihannëdëk (plural potential second-person)
vihannëdak (plural potential second-person)
vihadakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
vihacici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
vihanni (plural potential third-person)
vihat'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
vihadat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
vihatticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
vihadatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
vihattanëhën (passive potential)
vihadattanësën (passive potential)
vihadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
vihacicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
vihannëk (connegative potential)
vihat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
vihadat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
vihatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
vihadatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
vihattanëk (connegative passive potential)
vihadattanëk (connegative passive potential)
vihat'ak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
vihadapa (active participle present)
vihattapa (participle passive present)
vihadattaba (participle passive present)
vihattë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
vihannut (active participle past)
vihattu (participle passive past)
vihadattu (participle passive past)
vihadama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
vihadaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: vihkama/vihata

Finnish: vihata

Ingrian: vihata

→ Votic: vihatõ

Karelian: vihata

Livonian: vi’jjõ

Livvi: vihata

Võro: vihkama/vihadaq


kirkudak

kirku- (stem)
kirgun (first-person present singular)
kirguin (first-person past singular)
kirkugon (first-person optative singular)
kirgut (present second-person singular)
kirguit (past second-person singular)
kirguk (imperative second-person singular)
kirkugos (optative second-person singular)
kirkubi (present singular third-person)
kirku (present singular third-person)
kirkui (past singular third-person)
kirkugasën (imperative singular third-person)
kirkugosën (optative singular third-person)
kirgukmëk (first-person plural present)
kirgukmak (first-person plural present)
kirkuimëk (first-person past plural)
kirkuimak (first-person past plural)
kirkugatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
kirkugatamak (first-person imperative plural)
kirkugotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
kirkugotamak (first-person optative plural)
kirguktëk (plural present second-person)
kirguktak (plural present second-person)
kirkuidëk (past plural second-person)
kirkuidak (past plural second-person)
kirkugatë (imperative plural second-person)
kirkugata (imperative plural second-person)
kirkugot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
kirkugotadak (optative plural second-person)
kirkubat (plural present third-person)
kirku (plural present third-person)
kirkui (past plural third-person)
kirkugasën (imperative plural third-person)
kirkugosën (optative plural third-person)
kirguksën (passive present)
kirgut'aksën (passive present)
kirkudisën (passive past)
kirguttisën (passive past)
kirkudakahën (imperative passive)
kirguttakahën (imperative passive)
kirkudakohën (optative passive)
kirguttakohën (optative passive)
kirguk (connegative present)
kirkugak (connegative imperative)
kirkugok (connegative optative)
kirguktak (connegative passive present)
kirkudagak (connegative imperative passive)
kirguttagak (connegative imperative passive)
kirkudagok (connegative optative passive)
kirguttagok (connegative optative passive)
kirgukcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
kirkuicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
kirkunën (first-person potential singular)
kirgukcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
kirkuicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
kirkunët (potential second-person singular)
kirgukci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
kirkuici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
kirkuni (potential singular third-person)
kirgukcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kirgukcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kirkuicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kirkuicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kirkunëmëk (first-person plural potential)
kirkunëmak (first-person plural potential)
kirgukcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kirgukcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kirkuicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kirkuicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kirkunëdëk (plural potential second-person)
kirkunëdak (plural potential second-person)
kirgukci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
kirkuici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
kirkuni (plural potential third-person)
kirkudakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kirgut'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kirkudicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kirgutticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kirkudanëhën (passive potential)
kirguttanëhën (passive potential)
kirgukcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
kirkuicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
kirkunëk (connegative potential)
kirkudakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kirgut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kirkudicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kirgutticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kirkudanëk (connegative passive potential)
kirguttanëk (connegative passive potential)
kirkudak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
kirkuba (active participle present)
kirkudapa (participle passive present)
kirguttapa (participle passive present)
kirkudë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
kirkunut (active participle past)
kirkudu (participle passive past)
kirguttu (participle passive past)
kirkuma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
kirkuminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: kiirguma/kiirguda, kirguma/kirguda

Finnish: kirkua

Karelian:

North Karelian: kirkuo

South Karelian: kirguo

Livonian: kirgõ

Livvi: kirguo

Ludian: kirguda

Veps: kirkta

Probably onomatopoeic (compare *kurki (“crane”)). Alternatively, possibly borrowed by metathesis from Proto-Germanic *skrīkijaną.


sallidak

salli- (stem)
sallin (first-person present singular)
sallëjin (first-person past singular)
salligon (first-person optative singular)
sallit (present second-person singular)
sallëjit (past second-person singular)
sallik (imperative second-person singular)
salligos (optative second-person singular)
sallibi (present singular third-person)
salli (present singular third-person)
sallëji (past singular third-person)
salligasën (imperative singular third-person)
salligosën (optative singular third-person)
sallikmëk (first-person plural present)
sallikmak (first-person plural present)
sallëjimëk (first-person past plural)
sallëjimak (first-person past plural)
salligatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
salligatamak (first-person imperative plural)
salligotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
salligotamak (first-person optative plural)
salliktëk (plural present second-person)
salliktak (plural present second-person)
sallëjidëk (past plural second-person)
sallëjidak (past plural second-person)
salligatë (imperative plural second-person)
salligata (imperative plural second-person)
salligot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
salligotadak (optative plural second-person)
sallibat (plural present third-person)
salli (plural present third-person)
sallëji (past plural third-person)
salligasën (imperative plural third-person)
salligosën (optative plural third-person)
salliksën (passive present)
sallit'aksën (passive present)
sallidisën (passive past)
sallittisën (passive past)
sallidakahën (imperative passive)
sallittakahën (imperative passive)
sallidakohën (optative passive)
sallittakohën (optative passive)
sallik (connegative present)
salligak (connegative imperative)
salligok (connegative optative)
salliktak (connegative passive present)
sallidagak (connegative imperative passive)
sallittagak (connegative imperative passive)
sallidagok (connegative optative passive)
sallittagok (connegative optative passive)
sallikcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
sallëjicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
sallinën (first-person potential singular)
sallikcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
sallëjicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
sallinët (potential second-person singular)
sallikci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
sallëjici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
sallini (potential singular third-person)
sallikcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
sallikcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
sallëjicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
sallëjicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
sallinëmëk (first-person plural potential)
sallinëmak (first-person plural potential)
sallikcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
sallikcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
sallëjicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
sallëjicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
sallinëdëk (plural potential second-person)
sallinëdak (plural potential second-person)
sallikci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
sallëjici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
sallini (plural potential third-person)
sallidakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
sallit'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
sallidicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
sallitticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
sallidanëhën (passive potential)
sallittanëhën (passive potential)
sallikcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
sallëjicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
sallinëk (connegative potential)
sallidakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
sallit'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
sallidicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
sallitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
sallidanëk (connegative passive potential)
sallittanëk (connegative passive potential)
sallidak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
salliba (active participle present)
sallidapa (participle passive present)
sallittapa (participle passive present)
sallidë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
sallinut (active participle past)
sallidu (participle passive past)
sallittu (participle passive past)
sallima (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
salliminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: sallima/sallida

→ Votic: sallia

Finnish: sallia

→ Inari Sami: salliđ

Ingrian: sallia

Karelian: sallie

Võro: sal'ma/salliq


kiljudak

kilju- (stem)
kiljun (first-person present singular)
kiljuin (first-person past singular)
kiljugon (first-person optative singular)
kiljut (present second-person singular)
kiljuit (past second-person singular)
kiljuk (imperative second-person singular)
kiljugos (optative second-person singular)
kiljubi (present singular third-person)
kilju (present singular third-person)
kiljui (past singular third-person)
kiljugasën (imperative singular third-person)
kiljugosën (optative singular third-person)
kiljukmëk (first-person plural present)
kiljukmak (first-person plural present)
kiljuimëk (first-person past plural)
kiljuimak (first-person past plural)
kiljugatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
kiljugatamak (first-person imperative plural)
kiljugotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
kiljugotamak (first-person optative plural)
kiljuktëk (plural present second-person)
kiljuktak (plural present second-person)
kiljuidëk (past plural second-person)
kiljuidak (past plural second-person)
kiljugatë (imperative plural second-person)
kiljugata (imperative plural second-person)
kiljugot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
kiljugotadak (optative plural second-person)
kiljubat (plural present third-person)
kilju (plural present third-person)
kiljui (past plural third-person)
kiljugasën (imperative plural third-person)
kiljugosën (optative plural third-person)
kiljuksën (passive present)
kiljut'aksën (passive present)
kiljudisën (passive past)
kiljuttisën (passive past)
kiljudakahën (imperative passive)
kiljuttakahën (imperative passive)
kiljudakohën (optative passive)
kiljuttakohën (optative passive)
kiljuk (connegative present)
kiljugak (connegative imperative)
kiljugok (connegative optative)
kiljuktak (connegative passive present)
kiljudagak (connegative imperative passive)
kiljuttagak (connegative imperative passive)
kiljudagok (connegative optative passive)
kiljuttagok (connegative optative passive)
kiljukcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
kiljuicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
kiljunën (first-person potential singular)
kiljukcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
kiljuicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
kiljunët (potential second-person singular)
kiljukci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
kiljuici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
kiljuni (potential singular third-person)
kiljukcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kiljukcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kiljuicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kiljuicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kiljunëmëk (first-person plural potential)
kiljunëmak (first-person plural potential)
kiljukcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kiljukcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kiljuicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kiljuicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kiljunëdëk (plural potential second-person)
kiljunëdak (plural potential second-person)
kiljukci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
kiljuici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
kiljuni (plural potential third-person)
kiljudakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kiljut'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kiljudicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kiljutticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kiljudanëhën (passive potential)
kiljuttanëhën (passive potential)
kiljukcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
kiljuicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
kiljunëk (connegative potential)
kiljudakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kiljut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kiljudicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kiljutticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kiljudanëk (connegative passive potential)
kiljuttanëk (connegative passive potential)
kiljudak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
kiljuba (active participle present)
kiljudapa (participle passive present)
kiljuttapa (participle passive present)
kiljudë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
kiljunut (active participle past)
kiljudu (participle passive past)
kiljuttu (participle passive past)
kiljuma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
kiljuminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: kiljuma/kiljuda

Finnish: kiljua

Ingrian: kiljua

Karelian: kiljuo, kil’l’uo

Livvi: kil’l’uo

⇒ Votic: tšillahtõlla (Kattila)

→ Proto-Samic: *kiljōtēk


moisa

moisa (nominative singular)
moisat (nominative plural)
moisan (accusative singular)
moisat (accusative plural)
moisan (genitive singular)
moisadën (genitive plural)
moisëidën (genitive plural)
moisada (partitive singular)
moisëida (partitive plural)
moisassa (inessive singular)
moisahna (inessive singular)
moisëissa (inessive plural)
moisëihna (inessive plural)
moisasta (elative singular)
moisëista (elative plural)
moisahën (illative singular)
moisëihën (illative plural)
moisalla (adessive singular)
moisëilla (adessive plural)
moisalta (ablative singular)
moisëilta (ablative plural)
moisalën (allative singular)
moisalëk (allative singular)
moisëilën (allative plural)
moisëilëk (allative plural)
moisana (essive singular)
moisëina (essive plural)
moisaksi (singular translative)
moisëiksi (plural translative)
moisan (instructive singular)
moisëin (instructive plural)
moisanëk (comitative singular)
moisëinëk (comitative plural)
moisatta (abessive singular)
moisëitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: mõis

→⇒ Ingrian: moiso

⇒ Finnish: moisio

Livonian:

Courland Livonian: mȯizõ

Vidzeme Livonian: moiz

→ Latvian: muiža

Võro: mõisa

Votic: mõizõ

→ Russian: мыза (myza)


kaisila

kaisila (nominative singular)
kaisilat (nominative plural)
kaisilan (accusative singular)
kaisilat (accusative plural)
kaisilan (genitive singular)
kaisiladën (genitive plural)
kaisiloidën (genitive plural)
kaisilata (partitive singular)
kaisiloita (partitive plural)
kaisilassa (inessive singular)
kaisilahna (inessive singular)
kaisiloissa (inessive plural)
kaisiloihna (inessive plural)
kaisilasta (elative singular)
kaisiloista (elative plural)
kaisilasën (illative singular)
kaisiloisën (illative plural)
kaisilalla (adessive singular)
kaisiloilla (adessive plural)
kaisilalta (ablative singular)
kaisiloilta (ablative plural)
kaisilalën (allative singular)
kaisilalëk (allative singular)
kaisiloilën (allative plural)
kaisiloilëk (allative plural)
kaisilana (essive singular)
kaisiloina (essive plural)
kaisilaksi (singular translative)
kaisiloiksi (plural translative)
kaisilan (instructive singular)
kaisiloin (instructive plural)
kaisilanëk (comitative singular)
kaisiloinëk (comitative plural)
kaisilatta (abessive singular)
kaisiloitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: kaisel

Finnish: kaisla, (dialectal) kaisila

Ingrian: glaisa, klaiza

Karelian:

North Karelian: kaisla

South Karelian: kazla, kažla

Livvi: kažlu

Ludian: kažl

Votic: glaizõ

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz (“staff, whip”) (whence German Geißel and Swedish gissel).


liukudak

liuku- (stem)
liugun (first-person present singular)
liuguin (first-person past singular)
liukugon (first-person optative singular)
liugut (present second-person singular)
liuguit (past second-person singular)
liuguk (imperative second-person singular)
liukugos (optative second-person singular)
liukubi (present singular third-person)
liuku (present singular third-person)
liukui (past singular third-person)
liukugasën (imperative singular third-person)
liukugosën (optative singular third-person)
liugukmëk (first-person plural present)
liugukmak (first-person plural present)
liukuimëk (first-person past plural)
liukuimak (first-person past plural)
liukugatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
liukugatamak (first-person imperative plural)
liukugotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
liukugotamak (first-person optative plural)
liuguktëk (plural present second-person)
liuguktak (plural present second-person)
liukuidëk (past plural second-person)
liukuidak (past plural second-person)
liukugatë (imperative plural second-person)
liukugata (imperative plural second-person)
liukugot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
liukugotadak (optative plural second-person)
liukubat (plural present third-person)
liuku (plural present third-person)
liukui (past plural third-person)
liukugasën (imperative plural third-person)
liukugosën (optative plural third-person)
liuguksën (passive present)
liugut'aksën (passive present)
liukudisën (passive past)
liuguttisën (passive past)
liukudakahën (imperative passive)
liuguttakahën (imperative passive)
liukudakohën (optative passive)
liuguttakohën (optative passive)
liuguk (connegative present)
liukugak (connegative imperative)
liukugok (connegative optative)
liuguktak (connegative passive present)
liukudagak (connegative imperative passive)
liuguttagak (connegative imperative passive)
liukudagok (connegative optative passive)
liuguttagok (connegative optative passive)
liugukcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
liukuicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
liukunën (first-person potential singular)
liugukcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
liukuicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
liukunët (potential second-person singular)
liugukci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
liukuici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
liukuni (potential singular third-person)
liugukcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
liugukcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
liukuicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
liukuicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
liukunëmëk (first-person plural potential)
liukunëmak (first-person plural potential)
liugukcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
liugukcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
liukuicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
liukuicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
liukunëdëk (plural potential second-person)
liukunëdak (plural potential second-person)
liugukci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
liukuici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
liukuni (plural potential third-person)
liukudakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
liugut'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
liukudicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
liugutticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
liukudanëhën (passive potential)
liuguttanëhën (passive potential)
liugukcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
liukuicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
liukunëk (connegative potential)
liukudakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
liugut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
liukudicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
liugutticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
liukudanëk (connegative passive potential)
liuguttanëk (connegative passive potential)
liukudak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
liukuba (active participle present)
liukudapa (participle passive present)
liuguttapa (participle passive present)
liukudë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
liukunut (active participle past)
liukudu (participle passive past)
liuguttu (participle passive past)
liukuma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
liukuminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: liuguma/liuguda

Finnish: liukua

Ingrian: liukua

Karelian: liukuo

⇒ Livonian: lõuglõ, liuglõ

Livvi: liuguo

⇒ Võro: liugõlõma/livvõldaq

Votic: lʹuukua

Probably related to *lipëda and *lipudak.


keero

keero (nominative singular)
keerot (nominative plural)
keeron (accusative singular)
keerot (accusative plural)
keeron (genitive singular)
keerodën (genitive plural)
keeroidën (genitive plural)
keeroda (partitive singular)
keeroida (partitive plural)
keerossa (inessive singular)
keerohna (inessive singular)
keeroissa (inessive plural)
keeroihna (inessive plural)
keerosta (elative singular)
keeroista (elative plural)
keerohën (illative singular)
keeroihën (illative plural)
keerolla (adessive singular)
keeroilla (adessive plural)
keerolta (ablative singular)
keeroilta (ablative plural)
keerolën (allative singular)
keerolëk (allative singular)
keeroilën (allative plural)
keeroilëk (allative plural)
keerona (essive singular)
keeroina (essive plural)
keeroksi (singular translative)
keeroiksi (plural translative)
keeron (instructive singular)
keeroin (instructive plural)
keeronëk (comitative singular)
keeroinëk (comitative plural)
keerotta (abessive singular)
keeroitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: keer

Finnish: kiero

Ingrian: keero

Karelian: kiero

Livonian: kier

From *keerä + *-o (or directly from *keerdäk).


ëhva

ëhva (nominative singular)
ëhvat (nominative plural)
ëhvan (accusative singular)
ëhvat (accusative plural)
ëhvan (genitive singular)
ëhvadën (genitive plural)
ëhvoidën (genitive plural)
ëhvada (partitive singular)
ëhvoida (partitive plural)
ëhvassa (inessive singular)
ëhvahna (inessive singular)
ëhvoissa (inessive plural)
ëhvoihna (inessive plural)
ëhvasta (elative singular)
ëhvoista (elative plural)
ëhvahën (illative singular)
ëhvoihën (illative plural)
ëhvalla (adessive singular)
ëhvoilla (adessive plural)
ëhvalta (ablative singular)
ëhvoilta (ablative plural)
ëhvalën (allative singular)
ëhvalëk (allative singular)
ëhvoilën (allative plural)
ëhvoilëk (allative plural)
ëhvana (essive singular)
ëhvoina (essive plural)
ëhvaksi (singular translative)
ëhvoiksi (plural translative)
ëhvan (instructive singular)
ëhvoin (instructive plural)
ëhvanëk (comitative singular)
ëhvoinëk (comitative plural)
ëhvatta (abessive singular)
ëhvoitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: õhv

desc

Finnish: hieho, (dialectal) hiehvo, hehvo, ieho

⇒ Ingrian: heevikke

⇒ Karelian:

North Karelian: hiehkoni

Livonian: õ’v

Võro: õhv, hõhv

Votic: õhvõ

PIE word
 *h₁éḱwos
From earlier *ëšva, probably borrowed from Proto-Baltic *éśwāˀ (whence Lithuanian ašva).


hukta

hukta (nominative singular)
huktat (nominative plural)
huktan (accusative singular)
huktat (accusative plural)
huktan (genitive singular)
huktadën (genitive plural)
huktëidën (genitive plural)
huktada (partitive singular)
huktëida (partitive plural)
huktassa (inessive singular)
huktahna (inessive singular)
huktëissa (inessive plural)
huktëihna (inessive plural)
huktasta (elative singular)
huktëista (elative plural)
huktahën (illative singular)
huktëihën (illative plural)
huktalla (adessive singular)
huktëilla (adessive plural)
huktalta (ablative singular)
huktëilta (ablative plural)
huktalën (allative singular)
huktalëk (allative singular)
huktëilën (allative plural)
huktëilëk (allative plural)
huktana (essive singular)
huktëina (essive plural)
huktaksi (singular translative)
huktëiksi (plural translative)
huktan (instructive singular)
huktëin (instructive plural)
huktanëk (comitative singular)
huktëinëk (comitative plural)
huktatta (abessive singular)
huktëitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: uht (dialectal)

Finnish: huhta

Karelian: huuhta

Livvi: huuhtu

Ludian: huuht

From Proto-Finno-Permic *šukta (whence Erzya чувто (čuvto, “tree”)), probably borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?] (compare Persian سوختن (sôxtan, “to burn”)).

swidden (area cleared and burnt for cultivation)


teetäjä

teetäjä (nominative singular)
teetäjät (nominative plural)
teetäjän (accusative singular)
teetäjät (accusative plural)
teetäjän (genitive singular)
teetäjäden (genitive plural)
teetäjeiden (genitive plural)
teetäjätä (partitive singular)
teetäjeitä (partitive plural)
teetäjässä (inessive singular)
teetäjähnä (inessive singular)
teetäjeissä (inessive plural)
teetäjeihnä (inessive plural)
teetäjästä (elative singular)
teetäjeistä (elative plural)
teetäjäsen (illative singular)
teetäjeisen (illative plural)
teetäjällä (adessive singular)
teetäjeillä (adessive plural)
teetäjältä (ablative singular)
teetäjeiltä (ablative plural)
teetäjälen (allative singular)
teetäjälek (allative singular)
teetäjeilen (allative plural)
teetäjeilek (allative plural)
teetäjänä (essive singular)
teetäjeinä (essive plural)
teetäjäksi (singular translative)
teetäjeiksi (plural translative)
teetäjän (instructive singular)
teetäjein (instructive plural)
teetäjänek (comitative singular)
teetäjeinek (comitative plural)
teetäjättä (abessive singular)
teetäjeittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: teadja

Finnish: tietäjä

Ingrian: tiitäjä

Karelian: tietäjä (Northern), tiedäjä (Southern)

Livonian: tīedaji

Livvi: tiedäi/tiedäjy

Ludian: tiedäi

Veps: tedai

Võro: tiidjä

Votic: tääteje