vircca

vircca (nominative singular)
virc'at (nominative plural)
virc'an (accusative singular)
virc'at (accusative plural)
virc'an (genitive singular)
virccadën (genitive plural)
virccoidën (genitive plural)
virccada (partitive singular)
virccoida (partitive plural)
virc'assa (inessive singular)
virc'ahna (inessive singular)
virc'oissa (inessive plural)
virc'oihna (inessive plural)
virc'asta (elative singular)
virc'oista (elative plural)
virccahën (illative singular)
virccoihën (illative plural)
virc'alla (adessive singular)
virc'oilla (adessive plural)
virc'alta (ablative singular)
virc'oilta (ablative plural)
virccalën (allative singular)
virccalëk (allative singular)
virccoilën (allative plural)
virccoilëk (allative plural)
virccana (essive singular)
virccoina (essive plural)
virc'aksi (singular translative)
virc'oiksi (plural translative)
virc'an (instructive singular)
virc'oin (instructive plural)
virccanëk (comitative singular)
virccoinëk (comitative plural)
virc'atta (abessive singular)
virc'oitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: virts

Finnish: virtsa

→ Inari Sami: virstȧ

Ingrian: vertsa

Livonian: vīrtša, (Salaca) vīrtsa

desc

Votic: (Mati, Jõgõperä, Eastern Votic) virttsõ

→ Latvian: virca


tünkä

tünkä (nominative singular)
tüngät (nominative plural)
tüngän (accusative singular)
tüngät (accusative plural)
tüngän (genitive singular)
tünkäden (genitive plural)
tünkeiden (genitive plural)
tünkädä (partitive singular)
tünkeidä (partitive plural)
tüngässä (inessive singular)
tüngähnä (inessive singular)
tüngeissä (inessive plural)
tüngeihnä (inessive plural)
tüngästä (elative singular)
tüngeistä (elative plural)
tünkähen (illative singular)
tünkeihen (illative plural)
tüngällä (adessive singular)
tüngeillä (adessive plural)
tüngältä (ablative singular)
tüngeiltä (ablative plural)
tünkälen (allative singular)
tünkälek (allative singular)
tünkeilen (allative plural)
tünkeilek (allative plural)
tünkänä (essive singular)
tünkeinä (essive plural)
tüngäksi (singular translative)
tüngeiksi (plural translative)
tüngän (instructive singular)
tüngein (instructive plural)
tünkänek (comitative singular)
tünkeinek (comitative plural)
tüngättä (abessive singular)
tüngeittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: tünk

Finnish: tynkä

Ingrian: tynkä, tynki

Karelian:

North Karelian: tynkä

South Karelian: tyngä

Livonian: tink

Livvi: tyngy

Votic: tünke

Derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric *tüŋe (whence also *tüvi).


cirppi

cirppi (nominative singular)
cirp'it (nominative plural)
cirp'in (accusative singular)
cirp'it (accusative plural)
cirp'in (genitive singular)
cirppiden (genitive plural)
cirppejiden (genitive plural)
cirppidä (partitive singular)
cirppejitä (partitive plural)
cirp'issä (inessive singular)
cirp'ihnä (inessive singular)
cirppejissä (inessive plural)
cirppejihnä (inessive plural)
cirp'istä (elative singular)
cirppejistä (elative plural)
cirppihen (illative singular)
cirppejisen (illative plural)
cirp'illä (adessive singular)
cirppejillä (adessive plural)
cirp'iltä (ablative singular)
cirppejiltä (ablative plural)
cirppilen (allative singular)
cirppilek (allative singular)
cirppejilen (allative plural)
cirppejilek (allative plural)
cirppinä (essive singular)
cirppejinä (essive plural)
cirp'iksi (singular translative)
cirppejiksi (plural translative)
cirp'in (instructive singular)
cirppejin (instructive plural)
cirppinek (comitative singular)
cirppejinek (comitative plural)
cirp'ittä (abessive singular)
cirppejittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: sirp

Finnish: sirppi

Ingrian: serppi, sirppi

Karelian:

North Karelian: čirppi

South Karelian: čirpi

Livonian: tsirp

Livvi: čirpi

Ludian: čirp

Veps: sirp

Võro: tsirp'

Votic: sirppi


karcidak

karci- (stem)
karcin (first-person present singular)
karcëjin (first-person past singular)
karcigon (first-person optative singular)
karcit (present second-person singular)
karcëjit (past second-person singular)
karcik (imperative second-person singular)
karcigos (optative second-person singular)
karcibi (present singular third-person)
karci (present singular third-person)
karcëji (past singular third-person)
karcigasën (imperative singular third-person)
karcigosën (optative singular third-person)
karcikmëk (first-person plural present)
karcikmak (first-person plural present)
karcëjimëk (first-person past plural)
karcëjimak (first-person past plural)
karcigatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
karcigatamak (first-person imperative plural)
karcigotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
karcigotamak (first-person optative plural)
karciktëk (plural present second-person)
karciktak (plural present second-person)
karcëjidëk (past plural second-person)
karcëjidak (past plural second-person)
karcigatë (imperative plural second-person)
karcigata (imperative plural second-person)
karcigot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
karcigotadak (optative plural second-person)
karcibat (plural present third-person)
karci (plural present third-person)
karcëji (past plural third-person)
karcigasën (imperative plural third-person)
karcigosën (optative plural third-person)
karciksën (passive present)
karcit'aksën (passive present)
karcidisën (passive past)
karcittisën (passive past)
karcidakahën (imperative passive)
karcittakahën (imperative passive)
karcidakohën (optative passive)
karcittakohën (optative passive)
karcik (connegative present)
karcigak (connegative imperative)
karcigok (connegative optative)
karciktak (connegative passive present)
karcidagak (connegative imperative passive)
karcittagak (connegative imperative passive)
karcidagok (connegative optative passive)
karcittagok (connegative optative passive)
karcikcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
karcëjicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
karcinën (first-person potential singular)
karcikcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
karcëjicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
karcinët (potential second-person singular)
karcikci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
karcëjici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
karcini (potential singular third-person)
karcikcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
karcikcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
karcëjicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
karcëjicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
karcinëmëk (first-person plural potential)
karcinëmak (first-person plural potential)
karcikcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
karcikcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
karcëjicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
karcëjicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
karcinëdëk (plural potential second-person)
karcinëdak (plural potential second-person)
karcikci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
karcëjici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
karcini (plural potential third-person)
karcidakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
karcit'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
karcidicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
karcitticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
karcidanëhën (passive potential)
karcittanëhën (passive potential)
karcikcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
karcëjicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
karcinëk (connegative potential)
karcidakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
karcit'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
karcidicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
karcitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
karcidanëk (connegative passive potential)
karcittanëk (connegative passive potential)
karcidak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
karciba (active participle present)
karcidapa (participle passive present)
karcittapa (participle passive present)
karcidë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
karcinut (active participle past)
karcidu (participle passive past)
karcittu (participle passive past)
karcima (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
karciminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: (dialectal) karsima/karsida

Finnish: karsia

→ Inari Sami: karssâđ

→ Skolt Sami: karssâd

→ Northern Sami: gársat

Ingrian: karsia

Karelian:

North Karelian: karsie

South Karelian: karzie

Livvi: karzie, kuarzie

Ludian: karžida, kuarzida

Veps: karsta

Votic: karsia

From earlier *karti-, probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *skardijaną.

to trim, to limb (to remove the branches of a tree)


keettädäk

keettä- (stem)
keet'än (first-person present singular)
keet'ein (first-person past singular)
keettägon (first-person optative singular)
keet'ät (present second-person singular)
keet'eit (past second-person singular)
keet'äk (imperative second-person singular)
keettägos (optative second-person singular)
keettäbi (present singular third-person)
keettä (present singular third-person)
keettei (past singular third-person)
keettägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
keettägosen (optative singular third-person)
keet'äkmek (first-person plural present)
keet'äkmäk (first-person plural present)
keetteimek (first-person past plural)
keetteimäk (first-person past plural)
keettägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
keettägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
keettägotemek (first-person optative plural)
keettägotämäk (first-person optative plural)
keet'äktek (plural present second-person)
keet'äktäk (plural present second-person)
keetteidek (past plural second-person)
keetteidäk (past plural second-person)
keettägäte (imperative plural second-person)
keettägätä (imperative plural second-person)
keettägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
keettägotädäk (optative plural second-person)
keettäbät (plural present third-person)
keettä (plural present third-person)
keettei (past plural third-person)
keettägäsen (imperative plural third-person)
keettägosen (optative plural third-person)
keet'äksen (passive present)
keet'ät'äksen (passive present)
keettädisen (passive past)
keet'ättisen (passive past)
keettädäkähen (imperative passive)
keet'ättäkähen (imperative passive)
keettädäkohen (optative passive)
keet'ättäkohen (optative passive)
keet'äk (connegative present)
keettägäk (connegative imperative)
keettägok (connegative optative)
keet'äktäk (connegative passive present)
keettädägäk (connegative imperative passive)
keet'ättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
keettädägok (connegative optative passive)
keet'ättägok (connegative optative passive)
keet'äkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
keetteicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
keettänen (first-person potential singular)
keet'äkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
keetteicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
keettänet (potential second-person singular)
keet'äkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
keetteici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
keettäni (potential singular third-person)
keet'äkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
keet'äkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
keetteicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
keetteicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
keettänemek (first-person plural potential)
keettänemäk (first-person plural potential)
keet'äkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
keet'äkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
keetteicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
keetteicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
keettänedek (plural potential second-person)
keettänedäk (plural potential second-person)
keet'äkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
keetteici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
keettäni (plural potential third-person)
keettädäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
keet'ät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
keettädicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
keet'ätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
keettädänehen (passive potential)
keet'ättänehen (passive potential)
keet'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
keetteicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
keettänek (connegative potential)
keettädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
keet'ät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
keettädicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
keet'ätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
keettädänek (connegative passive potential)
keet'ättänek (connegative passive potential)
keettädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
keettäbä (active participle present)
keettädäpä (participle passive present)
keet'ättäpä (participle passive present)
keettäde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
keettänüt (active participle past)
keettädü (participle passive past)
keet'ättü (participle passive past)
keettämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
keettäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: keetma/keeta

Livonian: kīetõ

Võro: kiitmä/kiitäq

Finnish: keittää

Ingrian: keittää

→ Votic: keittä

Karelian: keitteä

Livvi: keittiä

Ludian: keittädä, keittada

Veps: keitta

>? Votic: (Jõgõperä) tšeittä


nostadak

nosta- (stem)
nostan (first-person present singular)
nostëin (first-person past singular)
nostagon (first-person optative singular)
nostat (present second-person singular)
nostëit (past second-person singular)
nostak (imperative second-person singular)
nostagos (optative second-person singular)
nostabi (present singular third-person)
nosta (present singular third-person)
nostëi (past singular third-person)
nostagasën (imperative singular third-person)
nostagosën (optative singular third-person)
nostakmëk (first-person plural present)
nostakmak (first-person plural present)
nostëimëk (first-person past plural)
nostëimak (first-person past plural)
nostagatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
nostagatamak (first-person imperative plural)
nostagotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
nostagotamak (first-person optative plural)
nostaktëk (plural present second-person)
nostaktak (plural present second-person)
nostëidëk (past plural second-person)
nostëidak (past plural second-person)
nostagatë (imperative plural second-person)
nostagata (imperative plural second-person)
nostagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
nostagotadak (optative plural second-person)
nostabat (plural present third-person)
nosta (plural present third-person)
nostëi (past plural third-person)
nostagasën (imperative plural third-person)
nostagosën (optative plural third-person)
nostaksën (passive present)
nostat'aksën (passive present)
nostadisën (passive past)
nostattisën (passive past)
nostadakahën (imperative passive)
nostattakahën (imperative passive)
nostadakohën (optative passive)
nostattakohën (optative passive)
nostak (connegative present)
nostagak (connegative imperative)
nostagok (connegative optative)
nostaktak (connegative passive present)
nostadagak (connegative imperative passive)
nostattagak (connegative imperative passive)
nostadagok (connegative optative passive)
nostattagok (connegative optative passive)
nostakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
nostëicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
nostanën (first-person potential singular)
nostakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
nostëicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
nostanët (potential second-person singular)
nostakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
nostëici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
nostani (potential singular third-person)
nostakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
nostakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
nostëicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
nostëicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
nostanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
nostanëmak (first-person plural potential)
nostakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
nostakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
nostëicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
nostëicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
nostanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
nostanëdak (plural potential second-person)
nostakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
nostëici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
nostani (plural potential third-person)
nostadakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
nostat'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
nostadicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
nostatticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
nostadanëhën (passive potential)
nostattanëhën (passive potential)
nostakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
nostëicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
nostanëk (connegative potential)
nostadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
nostat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
nostadicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
nostatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
nostadanëk (connegative passive potential)
nostattanëk (connegative passive potential)
nostadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
nostaba (active participle present)
nostadapa (participle passive present)
nostattapa (participle passive present)
nostadë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
nostanut (active participle past)
nostadu (participle passive past)
nostattu (participle passive past)
nostama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
nostaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: tõstma/tõsta

Finnish: nostaa

Ingrian: nostaa

Karelian: nostoa

Livonian: nustõ

Livvi: nostua

Ludian: nostada

Võro: nõstma/nõstaq

Votic: nõssa

From *noustak + *-tadak. The loss of *-u- indicates that the derivative must be old, before the phonotactics allowed for a sequence like *-oust-.


tülccä

tülccä (nominative singular)
tülc'ät (nominative plural)
tülc'än (accusative singular)
tülc'ät (accusative plural)
tülc'än (genitive singular)
tülccäden (genitive plural)
tülcceiden (genitive plural)
tülccädä (partitive singular)
tülcceidä (partitive plural)
tülc'ässä (inessive singular)
tülc'ähnä (inessive singular)
tülc'eissä (inessive plural)
tülc'eihnä (inessive plural)
tülc'ästä (elative singular)
tülc'eistä (elative plural)
tülccähen (illative singular)
tülcceihen (illative plural)
tülc'ällä (adessive singular)
tülc'eillä (adessive plural)
tülc'ältä (ablative singular)
tülc'eiltä (ablative plural)
tülccälen (allative singular)
tülccälek (allative singular)
tülcceilen (allative plural)
tülcceilek (allative plural)
tülccänä (essive singular)
tülcceinä (essive plural)
tülc'äksi (singular translative)
tülc'eiksi (plural translative)
tülc'än (instructive singular)
tülc'ein (instructive plural)
tülccänek (comitative singular)
tülcceinek (comitative plural)
tülc'ättä (abessive singular)
tülc'eittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: (dialectal) tülts

< <i class="Latn mention" lang="urj-fin-pro">*tülcä</i>

Finnish: tylsä (< *tülcä), (dialectal) tyltsä

→ Inari Sami: tulcce

→ Northern Sami: dilsi

Ingrian: tyltsä

Karelian:

North Karelian: tylččä

South Karelian: tylččä

Livonian: tȭlza, tȭldza

Livvi: tülččü

Ludian: tülč, tülče

Veps: tülc, tüuc


ruumën

Finnic (Northern)
ruumën (nominative singular)
ruumënët (nominative plural)
ruumënën (accusative singular)
ruumënët (accusative plural)
ruumënën (genitive singular)
ruumëndën (genitive plural)
ruumënidën (genitive plural)
ruumënta (partitive singular)
ruumënita (partitive plural)
ruumënëssa (inessive singular)
ruumënëhna (inessive singular)
ruumënissa (inessive plural)
ruumënihna (inessive plural)
ruumënësta (elative singular)
ruumënista (elative plural)
ruumënësën (illative singular)
ruumënisën (illative plural)
ruumënëlla (adessive singular)
ruumënilla (adessive plural)
ruumënëlta (ablative singular)
ruumënilta (ablative plural)
ruumënëlën (allative singular)
ruumënëlëk (allative singular)
ruumënilën (allative plural)
ruumënilëk (allative plural)
ruumënna (essive singular)
ruumënina (essive plural)
ruumënëksi (singular translative)
ruumëniksi (plural translative)
ruumënën (instructive singular)
ruumënin (instructive plural)
ruumënnëk (comitative singular)
ruumëninëk (comitative plural)
ruumënëtta (abessive singular)
ruumënitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: ruumen

Ingrian: rummen

Karelian:

North Karelian: ruumen

South Karelian: ruumen

Livvi: ruumen

Ludian: ruumen

Veps: rumen

Ludian: ruume

Veps: rume

Probably borrowed from Proto-Baltic *grūdmen- (compare Latvian grūst, Lithuanian grūsti (“to crush”)), or less likely, from Proto-Germanic *krūmô.

chaff, husk (inedible parts removed from cereal during threshing)


küünärä

küünärä (nominative singular)
küünärät (nominative plural)
küünärän (accusative singular)
küünärät (accusative plural)
küünärän (genitive singular)
küünäräden (genitive plural)
küünäreiden (genitive plural)
küünärätä (partitive singular)
küünäreitä (partitive plural)
küünärässä (inessive singular)
küünärähnä (inessive singular)
küünäreissä (inessive plural)
küünäreihnä (inessive plural)
küünärästä (elative singular)
küünäreistä (elative plural)
küünäräsen (illative singular)
küünäreisen (illative plural)
küünärällä (adessive singular)
küünäreillä (adessive plural)
küünärältä (ablative singular)
küünäreiltä (ablative plural)
küünärälen (allative singular)
küünärälek (allative singular)
küünäreilen (allative plural)
küünäreilek (allative plural)
küünäränä (essive singular)
küünäreinä (essive plural)
küünäräksi (singular translative)
küünäreiksi (plural translative)
küünärän (instructive singular)
küünärein (instructive plural)
küünäränek (comitative singular)
küünäreinek (comitative plural)
küünärättä (abessive singular)
küünäreittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: küünar

Finnish: kyynärä

Ingrian: kyynärä

Karelian: kyynärä

Livonian: kīndõr

Võro: künnär'

Votic: tšüünere

Proto-Finno-Ugric *küńä (“elbow”) + *-rä (diminutive suffix). Cognates include Erzya кенере (keńeŕe), Hungarian könyök and probably Proto-Samic *kërńēlē.


ähkidäk

ähki- (stem)
ähkin (first-person present singular)
ähkejin (first-person past singular)
ähkigon (first-person optative singular)
ähkit (present second-person singular)
ähkejit (past second-person singular)
ähkik (imperative second-person singular)
ähkigos (optative second-person singular)
ähkibi (present singular third-person)
ähki (present singular third-person)
ähkeji (past singular third-person)
ähkigäsen (imperative singular third-person)
ähkigosen (optative singular third-person)
ähkikmek (first-person plural present)
ähkikmäk (first-person plural present)
ähkejimek (first-person past plural)
ähkejimäk (first-person past plural)
ähkigätemek (first-person imperative plural)
ähkigätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
ähkigotemek (first-person optative plural)
ähkigotämäk (first-person optative plural)
ähkiktek (plural present second-person)
ähkiktäk (plural present second-person)
ähkejidek (past plural second-person)
ähkejidäk (past plural second-person)
ähkigäte (imperative plural second-person)
ähkigätä (imperative plural second-person)
ähkigot'ek (optative plural second-person)
ähkigotädäk (optative plural second-person)
ähkibät (plural present third-person)
ähki (plural present third-person)
ähkeji (past plural third-person)
ähkigäsen (imperative plural third-person)
ähkigosen (optative plural third-person)
ähkiksen (passive present)
ähkit'äksen (passive present)
ähkidisen (passive past)
ähkittisen (passive past)
ähkidäkähen (imperative passive)
ähkittäkähen (imperative passive)
ähkidäkohen (optative passive)
ähkittäkohen (optative passive)
ähkik (connegative present)
ähkigäk (connegative imperative)
ähkigok (connegative optative)
ähkiktäk (connegative passive present)
ähkidägäk (connegative imperative passive)
ähkittägäk (connegative imperative passive)
ähkidägok (connegative optative passive)
ähkittägok (connegative optative passive)
ähkikcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
ähkejicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
ähkinen (first-person potential singular)
ähkikcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
ähkejicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
ähkinet (potential second-person singular)
ähkikci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
ähkejici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
ähkini (potential singular third-person)
ähkikcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
ähkikcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
ähkejicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
ähkejicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
ähkinemek (first-person plural potential)
ähkinemäk (first-person plural potential)
ähkikcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
ähkikcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
ähkejicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
ähkejicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
ähkinedek (plural potential second-person)
ähkinedäk (plural potential second-person)
ähkikci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
ähkejici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
ähkini (plural potential third-person)
ähkidäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
ähkit'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
ähkidicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
ähkitticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
ähkidänehen (passive potential)
ähkittänehen (passive potential)
ähkikcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
ähkejicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
ähkinek (connegative potential)
ähkidäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
ähkit'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
ähkidicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
ähkitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
ähkidänek (connegative passive potential)
ähkittänek (connegative passive potential)
ähkidäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
ähkibä (active participle present)
ähkidäpä (participle passive present)
ähkittäpä (participle passive present)
ähkide- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
ähkinüt (active participle past)
ähkidü (participle passive past)
ähkittü (participle passive past)
ähkimä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
ähkiminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: ähkima/ähkida

Finnish: ähkiä

Karelian: ähkie

Ludian: ähkida

Votic: ähtšiä

Finnish: ähkää

Ingrian: ähkää

Karelian: ähkeä

Livvi: ähkiä


päic'et

Estonian: päitsed

Finnish: päitset

Ingrian: päitset

Karelian:

North Karelian: päičet

South Karelian: päičet

Livvi: päičet

Ludian: päičed

Võro: päidseq

Votic: päitsed

headstall, headgear (harness that fits on a horse's head)


hauk'ait'ak

haukkaida- (stem)
haukkaidan (first-person present singular)
haukkaicin (first-person past singular)
hauk'aitkon (first-person optative singular)
haukkaidat (present second-person singular)
haukkaicit (past second-person singular)
haukkaidak (imperative second-person singular)
hauk'aitkos (optative second-person singular)
haukkaidapi (present singular third-person)
hauk'ait (present singular third-person)
haukkaici (past singular third-person)
hauk'aitkasën (imperative singular third-person)
hauk'aitkosën (optative singular third-person)
haukkaidakmëk (first-person plural present)
haukkaidakmak (first-person plural present)
haukkaicimëk (first-person past plural)
haukkaicimak (first-person past plural)
hauk'aitkatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
hauk'aitkatamak (first-person imperative plural)
hauk'aitkotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
hauk'aitkotamak (first-person optative plural)
haukkaidaktëk (plural present second-person)
haukkaidaktak (plural present second-person)
haukkaicidëk (past plural second-person)
haukkaicidak (past plural second-person)
hauk'aitkatë (imperative plural second-person)
hauk'aitkata (imperative plural second-person)
hauk'aitkot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
hauk'aitkotadak (optative plural second-person)
haukkaidabat (plural present third-person)
hauk'ait (plural present third-person)
haukkaici (past plural third-person)
hauk'aitkasën (imperative plural third-person)
hauk'aitkosën (optative plural third-person)
haukkaidaksën (passive present)
haukkaidat'aksën (passive present)
hauk'aittisën (passive past)
haukkaidattihën (passive past)
hauk'aittakahën (imperative passive)
haukkaidattagasën (imperative passive)
hauk'aittakohën (optative passive)
haukkaidattagosën (optative passive)
haukkaidak (connegative present)
hauk'aitkak (connegative imperative)
hauk'aitkok (connegative optative)
haukkaidaktak (connegative passive present)
hauk'aittagak (connegative imperative passive)
haukkaidattagak (connegative imperative passive)
hauk'aittagok (connegative optative passive)
haukkaidattagok (connegative optative passive)
haukkaidakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
haukkaicicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
hauk'ainnën (first-person potential singular)
haukkaidakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
haukkaicicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
hauk'ainnët (potential second-person singular)
haukkaidakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
haukkaicici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
hauk'ainni (potential singular third-person)
haukkaidakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
haukkaidakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
haukkaicicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
haukkaicicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
hauk'ainnëmëk (first-person plural potential)
hauk'ainnëmak (first-person plural potential)
haukkaidakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
haukkaidakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
haukkaicicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
haukkaicicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
hauk'ainnëdëk (plural potential second-person)
hauk'ainnëdak (plural potential second-person)
haukkaidakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
haukkaicici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
hauk'ainni (plural potential third-person)
hauk'ait'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
haukkaidat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
hauk'aitticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
haukkaidatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
hauk'aittanëhën (passive potential)
haukkaidattanësën (passive potential)
haukkaidakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
haukkaicicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
hauk'ainnëk (connegative potential)
hauk'ait'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
haukkaidat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
hauk'aitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
haukkaidatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
hauk'aittanëk (connegative passive potential)
haukkaidattanëk (connegative passive potential)
hauk'ait'ak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
haukkaidapa (active participle present)
hauk'aittapa (participle passive present)
haukkaidattaba (participle passive present)
hauk'aittë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
hauk'ainnut (active participle past)
hauk'aittu (participle passive past)
haukkaidattu (participle passive past)
haukkaidama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
haukkaidaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: haukama/haugata

Finnish: haukata

Ingrian: haukata

→ Votic: haukõtõ

Karelian: haukata

Livvi: haukata

Ludian: haukaita

Veps: haukaita

Võro: haukama/haugadaq

Votic: (Mati, Pummala) aukata

Probably from an onomatopoeic root, possibly the same onomatopoeic root as *haukkudak, with + *-ait'ak.

to take a bite out of, bite off a piece of food


nännä

nännä (nominative singular)
nännät (nominative plural)
nännän (accusative singular)
nännät (accusative plural)
nännän (genitive singular)
nännäden (genitive plural)
nänneiden (genitive plural)
nännädä (partitive singular)
nänneidä (partitive plural)
nännässä (inessive singular)
nännähnä (inessive singular)
nänneissä (inessive plural)
nänneihnä (inessive plural)
nännästä (elative singular)
nänneistä (elative plural)
nännähen (illative singular)
nänneihen (illative plural)
nännällä (adessive singular)
nänneillä (adessive plural)
nännältä (ablative singular)
nänneiltä (ablative plural)
nännälen (allative singular)
nännälek (allative singular)
nänneilen (allative plural)
nänneilek (allative plural)
nännänä (essive singular)
nänneinä (essive plural)
nännäksi (singular translative)
nänneiksi (plural translative)
nännän (instructive singular)
nännein (instructive plural)
nännänek (comitative singular)
nänneinek (comitative plural)
nännättä (abessive singular)
nänneittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: (dialectal) nänn

Finnish: (dialectal) nännä

Ingrian: nännä

Karelian: nännä

Livonian: nǟna

Võro: nänn

Votic: nänne

Estonian: nänn

Finnish: nänni

Karelian: nänni

Livvi: nänni

Ludian: nänn

Veps: nänei

Probably from baby talk, child language.


përmanto

përmanto (nominative singular)
përmandot (nominative plural)
përmandon (accusative singular)
përmandot (accusative plural)
përmandon (genitive singular)
përmantodën (genitive plural)
përmantoidën (genitive plural)
përmantota (partitive singular)
përmantoita (partitive plural)
përmandossa (inessive singular)
përmandohna (inessive singular)
përmandoissa (inessive plural)
përmandoihna (inessive plural)
përmandosta (elative singular)
përmandoista (elative plural)
përmantosën (illative singular)
përmantoisën (illative plural)
përmandolla (adessive singular)
përmandoilla (adessive plural)
përmandolta (ablative singular)
përmandoilta (ablative plural)
përmantolën (allative singular)
përmantolëk (allative singular)
përmantoilën (allative plural)
përmantoilëk (allative plural)
përmantona (essive singular)
përmantoina (essive plural)
përmandoksi (singular translative)
përmandoiksi (plural translative)
përmandon (instructive singular)
përmandoin (instructive plural)
përmantonëk (comitative singular)
përmantoinëk (comitative plural)
përmandotta (abessive singular)
përmandoitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: permanto

Ingrian: permanto

Livonian: pȭrand

Võro: põrmand

Votic: (Pummala) põrmato

→? Northern Sami: bearpmet

Estonian: põrand

Finnish: (obsolete) permanta

desc

Votic: (Mati, Kõrvõttula) põrmata, põrmanta

Uncertain. Possibly derived from the same root as *përmu (“dust, dirt”), if the original meaning was "dirt floor".


kanarba

kanarba (nominative singular)
kanarbat (nominative plural)
kanarban (accusative singular)
kanarbat (accusative plural)
kanarban (genitive singular)
kanarbadën (genitive plural)
kanarboidën (genitive plural)
kanarbata (partitive singular)
kanarboita (partitive plural)
kanarbassa (inessive singular)
kanarbahna (inessive singular)
kanarboissa (inessive plural)
kanarboihna (inessive plural)
kanarbasta (elative singular)
kanarboista (elative plural)
kanarbasën (illative singular)
kanarboisën (illative plural)
kanarballa (adessive singular)
kanarboilla (adessive plural)
kanarbalta (ablative singular)
kanarboilta (ablative plural)
kanarbalën (allative singular)
kanarbalëk (allative singular)
kanarboilën (allative plural)
kanarboilëk (allative plural)
kanarbana (essive singular)
kanarboina (essive plural)
kanarbaksi (singular translative)
kanarboiksi (plural translative)
kanarban (instructive singular)
kanarboin (instructive plural)
kanarbanëk (comitative singular)
kanarboinëk (comitative plural)
kanarbatta (abessive singular)
kanarboitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: kanarbik

Finnish: kanerva, (dialectal) kanarva

Ingrian: kanerva

Karelian:

North Karelian: kanarvo, kanarva

South Karelian: kanarvo, kanarva

Livvi: kanabro

Ludian: kanabr

Veps: kanabr

Võro: kanarv, kanaarv

Votic: kanõrvo, (Mati, Kõrvõttula) kanabro

→ Russian: (dialectal) канáбра (kanábra)


malcca

malcca (nominative singular)
malc'at (nominative plural)
malc'an (accusative singular)
malc'at (accusative plural)
malc'an (genitive singular)
malccadën (genitive plural)
malccoidën (genitive plural)
malccada (partitive singular)
malccoida (partitive plural)
malc'assa (inessive singular)
malc'ahna (inessive singular)
malc'oissa (inessive plural)
malc'oihna (inessive plural)
malc'asta (elative singular)
malc'oista (elative plural)
malccahën (illative singular)
malccoihën (illative plural)
malc'alla (adessive singular)
malc'oilla (adessive plural)
malc'alta (ablative singular)
malc'oilta (ablative plural)
malccalën (allative singular)
malccalëk (allative singular)
malccoilën (allative plural)
malccoilëk (allative plural)
malccana (essive singular)
malccoina (essive plural)
malc'aksi (singular translative)
malc'oiksi (plural translative)
malc'an (instructive singular)
malc'oin (instructive plural)
malccanëk (comitative singular)
malccoinëk (comitative plural)
malc'atta (abessive singular)
malc'oitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: malts

Finnish: maltsa

Veps: mouc- (in compound: mouchein)

Võro: malts

Borrowed from Proto-Norse [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *meldǭ.

orach, saltbush (plant of the genus Atriplex)


puktëk

puktëk (nominative singular)
puktëgët (nominative plural)
puktëgën (accusative singular)
puktëgët (accusative plural)
puktëgën (genitive singular)
puktëgëdën (genitive plural)
puktëgidën (genitive plural)
puktëgëta (partitive singular)
puktëgita (partitive plural)
puktëgëssa (inessive singular)
puktëgëhna (inessive singular)
puktëgissa (inessive plural)
puktëgihna (inessive plural)
puktëgësta (elative singular)
puktëgista (elative plural)
puktëgësën (illative singular)
puktëgisën (illative plural)
puktëgëlla (adessive singular)
puktëgilla (adessive plural)
puktëgëlta (ablative singular)
puktëgilta (ablative plural)
puktëgëlën (allative singular)
puktëgëlëk (allative singular)
puktëgilën (allative plural)
puktëgilëk (allative plural)
puktëgëna (essive singular)
puktëgina (essive plural)
puktëgëksi (singular translative)
puktëgiksi (plural translative)
puktëgën (instructive singular)
puktëgin (instructive plural)
puktëgënëk (comitative singular)
puktëginëk (comitative plural)
puktëgëtta (abessive singular)
puktëgitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: puhe

Finnish: puhde

Karelian: puhe


koittadak

koitta- (stem)
koit'an (first-person present singular)
koit'ëin (first-person past singular)
koittagon (first-person optative singular)
koit'at (present second-person singular)
koit'ëit (past second-person singular)
koit'ak (imperative second-person singular)
koittagos (optative second-person singular)
koittabi (present singular third-person)
koitta (present singular third-person)
koittëi (past singular third-person)
koittagasën (imperative singular third-person)
koittagosën (optative singular third-person)
koit'akmëk (first-person plural present)
koit'akmak (first-person plural present)
koittëimëk (first-person past plural)
koittëimak (first-person past plural)
koittagatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
koittagatamak (first-person imperative plural)
koittagotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
koittagotamak (first-person optative plural)
koit'aktëk (plural present second-person)
koit'aktak (plural present second-person)
koittëidëk (past plural second-person)
koittëidak (past plural second-person)
koittagatë (imperative plural second-person)
koittagata (imperative plural second-person)
koittagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
koittagotadak (optative plural second-person)
koittabat (plural present third-person)
koitta (plural present third-person)
koittëi (past plural third-person)
koittagasën (imperative plural third-person)
koittagosën (optative plural third-person)
koit'aksën (passive present)
koit'at'aksën (passive present)
koittadisën (passive past)
koit'attisën (passive past)
koittadakahën (imperative passive)
koit'attakahën (imperative passive)
koittadakohën (optative passive)
koit'attakohën (optative passive)
koit'ak (connegative present)
koittagak (connegative imperative)
koittagok (connegative optative)
koit'aktak (connegative passive present)
koittadagak (connegative imperative passive)
koit'attagak (connegative imperative passive)
koittadagok (connegative optative passive)
koit'attagok (connegative optative passive)
koit'akcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
koittëicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
koittanën (first-person potential singular)
koit'akcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
koittëicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
koittanët (potential second-person singular)
koit'akci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
koittëici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
koittani (potential singular third-person)
koit'akcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
koit'akcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
koittëicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
koittëicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
koittanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
koittanëmak (first-person plural potential)
koit'akcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
koit'akcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
koittëicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
koittëicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
koittanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
koittanëdak (plural potential second-person)
koit'akci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
koittëici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
koittani (plural potential third-person)
koittadakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
koit'at'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
koittadicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
koit'atticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
koittadanëhën (passive potential)
koit'attanëhën (passive potential)
koit'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
koittëicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
koittanëk (connegative potential)
koittadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
koit'at'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
koittadicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
koit'atticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
koittadanëk (connegative passive potential)
koit'attanëk (connegative passive potential)
koittadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
koittaba (active participle present)
koittadapa (participle passive present)
koit'attapa (participle passive present)
koittadë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
koittanut (active participle past)
koittadu (participle passive past)
koit'attu (participle passive past)
koittama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
koittaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: koitma/koita

Finnish: koittaa

Karelian: koittoa

Ludian: koittada

to dawn (begin to brighten with daylight)


tëpras

tëpras (nominative singular)
tëprahët (nominative plural)
tëprahën (accusative singular)
tëprahët (accusative plural)
tëprahën (genitive singular)
tëprastën (genitive plural)
tëprahidën (genitive plural)
tëprasta (partitive singular)
tëprahita (partitive plural)
tëprahëssa (inessive singular)
tëprahëhna (inessive singular)
tëprahissa (inessive plural)
tëprahihna (inessive plural)
tëprahësta (elative singular)
tëprahista (elative plural)
tëprahësën (illative singular)
tëprahisën (illative plural)
tëprahëlla (adessive singular)
tëprahilla (adessive plural)
tëprahëlta (ablative singular)
tëprahilta (ablative plural)
tëprahëlën (allative singular)
tëprahëlëk (allative singular)
tëprahilën (allative plural)
tëprahilëk (allative plural)
tëprassa (essive singular)
tëprahina (essive plural)
tëprahëksi (singular translative)
tëprahiksi (plural translative)
tëprahën (instructive singular)
tëprahin (instructive plural)
tëprassëk (comitative singular)
tëprahinëk (comitative plural)
tëprahëtta (abessive singular)
tëprahitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: tõbras

Finnish: teuras

Võro: tõbras

Votic: (Jõgõperä) tõbrõz

Borrowed either from Proto-Germanic *þeuraz or *steuraz.


jähtüdäk

jähtü- (stem)
jähtün (first-person present singular)
jähtüin (first-person past singular)
jähtügon (first-person optative singular)
jähtüt (present second-person singular)
jähtüit (past second-person singular)
jähtük (imperative second-person singular)
jähtügos (optative second-person singular)
jähtübi (present singular third-person)
jähtü (present singular third-person)
jähtüi (past singular third-person)
jähtügäsen (imperative singular third-person)
jähtügosen (optative singular third-person)
jähtükmek (first-person plural present)
jähtükmäk (first-person plural present)
jähtüimek (first-person past plural)
jähtüimäk (first-person past plural)
jähtügätemek (first-person imperative plural)
jähtügätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
jähtügotemek (first-person optative plural)
jähtügotämäk (first-person optative plural)
jähtüktek (plural present second-person)
jähtüktäk (plural present second-person)
jähtüidek (past plural second-person)
jähtüidäk (past plural second-person)
jähtügäte (imperative plural second-person)
jähtügätä (imperative plural second-person)
jähtügot'ek (optative plural second-person)
jähtügotädäk (optative plural second-person)
jähtübät (plural present third-person)
jähtü (plural present third-person)
jähtüi (past plural third-person)
jähtügäsen (imperative plural third-person)
jähtügosen (optative plural third-person)
jähtüksen (passive present)
jähtüt'äksen (passive present)
jähtüdisen (passive past)
jähtüttisen (passive past)
jähtüdäkähen (imperative passive)
jähtüttäkähen (imperative passive)
jähtüdäkohen (optative passive)
jähtüttäkohen (optative passive)
jähtük (connegative present)
jähtügäk (connegative imperative)
jähtügok (connegative optative)
jähtüktäk (connegative passive present)
jähtüdägäk (connegative imperative passive)
jähtüttägäk (connegative imperative passive)
jähtüdägok (connegative optative passive)
jähtüttägok (connegative optative passive)
jähtükcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
jähtüicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
jähtünen (first-person potential singular)
jähtükcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
jähtüicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
jähtünet (potential second-person singular)
jähtükci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
jähtüici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
jähtüni (potential singular third-person)
jähtükcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
jähtükcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
jähtüicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
jähtüicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
jähtünemek (first-person plural potential)
jähtünemäk (first-person plural potential)
jähtükcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
jähtükcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
jähtüicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
jähtüicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
jähtünedek (plural potential second-person)
jähtünedäk (plural potential second-person)
jähtükci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
jähtüici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
jähtüni (plural potential third-person)
jähtüdäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
jähtüt'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
jähtüdicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
jähtütticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
jähtüdänehen (passive potential)
jähtüttänehen (passive potential)
jähtükcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
jähtüicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
jähtünek (connegative potential)
jähtüdäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
jähtüt'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
jähtüdicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
jähtütticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
jähtüdänek (connegative passive potential)
jähtüttänek (connegative passive potential)
jähtüdäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
jähtübä (active participle present)
jähtüdäpä (participle passive present)
jähtüttäpä (participle passive present)
jähtüde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
jähtünüt (active participle past)
jähtüdü (participle passive past)
jähtüttü (participle passive past)
jähtümä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
jähtüminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Finnish: jäähtyä, (dialectal) jähtyä

Ingrian: jäähtyä

Karelian: jähtyö

Veps: jähtuda

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *jäkše- + *-tudak, a front-vowel variant of Proto-Finno-Permic *jakša (whence *jahtudak).


jahtudak

jahtu- (stem)
jahtun (first-person present singular)
jahtuin (first-person past singular)
jahtugon (first-person optative singular)
jahtut (present second-person singular)
jahtuit (past second-person singular)
jahtuk (imperative second-person singular)
jahtugos (optative second-person singular)
jahtubi (present singular third-person)
jahtu (present singular third-person)
jahtui (past singular third-person)
jahtugasën (imperative singular third-person)
jahtugosën (optative singular third-person)
jahtukmëk (first-person plural present)
jahtukmak (first-person plural present)
jahtuimëk (first-person past plural)
jahtuimak (first-person past plural)
jahtugatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
jahtugatamak (first-person imperative plural)
jahtugotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
jahtugotamak (first-person optative plural)
jahtuktëk (plural present second-person)
jahtuktak (plural present second-person)
jahtuidëk (past plural second-person)
jahtuidak (past plural second-person)
jahtugatë (imperative plural second-person)
jahtugata (imperative plural second-person)
jahtugot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
jahtugotadak (optative plural second-person)
jahtubat (plural present third-person)
jahtu (plural present third-person)
jahtui (past plural third-person)
jahtugasën (imperative plural third-person)
jahtugosën (optative plural third-person)
jahtuksën (passive present)
jahtut'aksën (passive present)
jahtudisën (passive past)
jahtuttisën (passive past)
jahtudakahën (imperative passive)
jahtuttakahën (imperative passive)
jahtudakohën (optative passive)
jahtuttakohën (optative passive)
jahtuk (connegative present)
jahtugak (connegative imperative)
jahtugok (connegative optative)
jahtuktak (connegative passive present)
jahtudagak (connegative imperative passive)
jahtuttagak (connegative imperative passive)
jahtudagok (connegative optative passive)
jahtuttagok (connegative optative passive)
jahtukcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
jahtuicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
jahtunën (first-person potential singular)
jahtukcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
jahtuicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
jahtunët (potential second-person singular)
jahtukci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
jahtuici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
jahtuni (potential singular third-person)
jahtukcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
jahtukcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
jahtuicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
jahtuicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
jahtunëmëk (first-person plural potential)
jahtunëmak (first-person plural potential)
jahtukcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
jahtukcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
jahtuicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
jahtuicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
jahtunëdëk (plural potential second-person)
jahtunëdak (plural potential second-person)
jahtukci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
jahtuici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
jahtuni (plural potential third-person)
jahtudakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
jahtut'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
jahtudicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
jahtutticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
jahtudanëhën (passive potential)
jahtuttanëhën (passive potential)
jahtukcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
jahtuicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
jahtunëk (connegative potential)
jahtudakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
jahtut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
jahtudicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
jahtutticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
jahtudanëk (connegative passive potential)
jahtuttanëk (connegative passive potential)
jahtudak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
jahtuba (active participle present)
jahtudapa (participle passive present)
jahtuttapa (participle passive present)
jahtudë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
jahtunut (active participle past)
jahtudu (participle passive past)
jahtuttu (participle passive past)
jahtuma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
jahtuminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: jahtuma/jahtuda

Livonian: jǭ’dõ

Võro: jahtuma/jahtudaq, jaahtuma/jaahtudaq

Votic: jahtua

From Proto-Finno-Permic *jakša- + *-tudak, a back-vowel variant of Proto-Finno-Ugric *jäkše- (whence *jähtüdäk).


cirkku

cirkku (nominative singular)
cirk'ut (nominative plural)
cirk'un (accusative singular)
cirk'ut (accusative plural)
cirk'un (genitive singular)
cirkkudën (genitive plural)
cirkkuidën (genitive plural)
cirkkuda (partitive singular)
cirkkuida (partitive plural)
cirk'ussa (inessive singular)
cirk'uhna (inessive singular)
cirk'uissa (inessive plural)
cirk'uihna (inessive plural)
cirk'usta (elative singular)
cirk'uista (elative plural)
cirkkuhën (illative singular)
cirkkuihën (illative plural)
cirk'ulla (adessive singular)
cirk'uilla (adessive plural)
cirk'ulta (ablative singular)
cirk'uilta (ablative plural)
cirkkulën (allative singular)
cirkkulëk (allative singular)
cirkkuilën (allative plural)
cirkkuilëk (allative plural)
cirkkuna (essive singular)
cirkkuina (essive plural)
cirk'uksi (singular translative)
cirk'uiksi (plural translative)
cirk'un (instructive singular)
cirk'uin (instructive plural)
cirkkunëk (comitative singular)
cirkkuinëk (comitative plural)
cirk'utta (abessive singular)
cirk'uitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: (dialectal) sirk

Finnish: sirkku

⇒ Ingrian: cirkkulain

Karelian: čirkku

Ludian: čirk

Veps: čirk

Võro: tsirk

Votic: sirkku


kuludak

kulu- (stem)
kulun (first-person present singular)
kuluin (first-person past singular)
kulugon (first-person optative singular)
kulut (present second-person singular)
kuluit (past second-person singular)
kuluk (imperative second-person singular)
kulugos (optative second-person singular)
kulubi (present singular third-person)
kulu (present singular third-person)
kului (past singular third-person)
kulugasën (imperative singular third-person)
kulugosën (optative singular third-person)
kulukmëk (first-person plural present)
kulukmak (first-person plural present)
kuluimëk (first-person past plural)
kuluimak (first-person past plural)
kulugatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
kulugatamak (first-person imperative plural)
kulugotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
kulugotamak (first-person optative plural)
kuluktëk (plural present second-person)
kuluktak (plural present second-person)
kuluidëk (past plural second-person)
kuluidak (past plural second-person)
kulugatë (imperative plural second-person)
kulugata (imperative plural second-person)
kulugot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
kulugotadak (optative plural second-person)
kulubat (plural present third-person)
kulu (plural present third-person)
kului (past plural third-person)
kulugasën (imperative plural third-person)
kulugosën (optative plural third-person)
kuluksën (passive present)
kulut'aksën (passive present)
kuludisën (passive past)
kuluttisën (passive past)
kuludakahën (imperative passive)
kuluttakahën (imperative passive)
kuludakohën (optative passive)
kuluttakohën (optative passive)
kuluk (connegative present)
kulugak (connegative imperative)
kulugok (connegative optative)
kuluktak (connegative passive present)
kuludagak (connegative imperative passive)
kuluttagak (connegative imperative passive)
kuludagok (connegative optative passive)
kuluttagok (connegative optative passive)
kulukcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
kuluicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
kulunën (first-person potential singular)
kulukcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
kuluicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
kulunët (potential second-person singular)
kulukci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
kuluici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
kuluni (potential singular third-person)
kulukcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kulukcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kuluicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kuluicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kulunëmëk (first-person plural potential)
kulunëmak (first-person plural potential)
kulukcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kulukcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kuluicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kuluicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kulunëdëk (plural potential second-person)
kulunëdak (plural potential second-person)
kulukci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
kuluici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
kuluni (plural potential third-person)
kuludakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kulut'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kuludicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kulutticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kuludanëhën (passive potential)
kuluttanëhën (passive potential)
kulukcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
kuluicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
kulunëk (connegative potential)
kuludakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kulut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kuludicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kulutticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kuludanëk (connegative passive potential)
kuluttanëk (connegative passive potential)
kuludak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
kuluba (active participle present)
kuludapa (participle passive present)
kuluttapa (participle passive present)
kuludë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
kulunut (active participle past)
kuludu (participle passive past)
kuluttu (participle passive past)
kuluma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
kuluminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: kuluma/kuluda

Finnish: kulua

Ingrian: kullua

Karelian:

North Karelian: kuluo

South Karelian: kuluo

Livonian: ku’llõ

Livvi: kuluo

Ludian: kuluda

Veps: kuluda

Võro: kuluma/kulluq

Votic: kullua

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *kulɜ-. Cognates include Northern Khanty [script needed] (χŏᴧa-) and Northern Mansi [Term?] and Proto-Samic [Term?] (whence Northern Sami gollat).

(of time) to elapse, to go by, to pass by


koipa

koipa (nominative singular)
koibat (nominative plural)
koiban (accusative singular)
koibat (accusative plural)
koiban (genitive singular)
koipadën (genitive plural)
koipëidën (genitive plural)
koipada (partitive singular)
koipëida (partitive plural)
koibassa (inessive singular)
koibahna (inessive singular)
koibëissa (inessive plural)
koibëihna (inessive plural)
koibasta (elative singular)
koibëista (elative plural)
koipahën (illative singular)
koipëihën (illative plural)
koiballa (adessive singular)
koibëilla (adessive plural)
koibalta (ablative singular)
koibëilta (ablative plural)
koipalën (allative singular)
koipalëk (allative singular)
koipëilën (allative plural)
koipëilëk (allative plural)
koipana (essive singular)
koipëina (essive plural)
koibaksi (singular translative)
koibëiksi (plural translative)
koiban (instructive singular)
koibëin (instructive plural)
koipanëk (comitative singular)
koipëinëk (comitative plural)
koibatta (abessive singular)
koibëitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: koib

Livonian: kūoiba

Võro: koib

Votic: koipõ

Finnish: koipi

Ingrian: koipi

Karelian:

North Karelian: koipi

South Karelian: koibi

Ludian: koib


pohtadak

pohta- (stem)
pohtan (first-person present singular)
pohtëin (first-person past singular)
pohtagon (first-person optative singular)
pohtat (present second-person singular)
pohtëit (past second-person singular)
pohtak (imperative second-person singular)
pohtagos (optative second-person singular)
pohtabi (present singular third-person)
pohta (present singular third-person)
pohtëi (past singular third-person)
pohtagasën (imperative singular third-person)
pohtagosën (optative singular third-person)
pohtakmëk (first-person plural present)
pohtakmak (first-person plural present)
pohtëimëk (first-person past plural)
pohtëimak (first-person past plural)
pohtagatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
pohtagatamak (first-person imperative plural)
pohtagotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
pohtagotamak (first-person optative plural)
pohtaktëk (plural present second-person)
pohtaktak (plural present second-person)
pohtëidëk (past plural second-person)
pohtëidak (past plural second-person)
pohtagatë (imperative plural second-person)
pohtagata (imperative plural second-person)
pohtagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
pohtagotadak (optative plural second-person)
pohtabat (plural present third-person)
pohta (plural present third-person)
pohtëi (past plural third-person)
pohtagasën (imperative plural third-person)
pohtagosën (optative plural third-person)
pohtaksën (passive present)
pohtat'aksën (passive present)
pohtadisën (passive past)
pohtattisën (passive past)
pohtadakahën (imperative passive)
pohtattakahën (imperative passive)
pohtadakohën (optative passive)
pohtattakohën (optative passive)
pohtak (connegative present)
pohtagak (connegative imperative)
pohtagok (connegative optative)
pohtaktak (connegative passive present)
pohtadagak (connegative imperative passive)
pohtattagak (connegative imperative passive)
pohtadagok (connegative optative passive)
pohtattagok (connegative optative passive)
pohtakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
pohtëicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
pohtanën (first-person potential singular)
pohtakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
pohtëicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
pohtanët (potential second-person singular)
pohtakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
pohtëici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
pohtani (potential singular third-person)
pohtakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
pohtakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
pohtëicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
pohtëicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
pohtanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
pohtanëmak (first-person plural potential)
pohtakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
pohtakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
pohtëicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
pohtëicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
pohtanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
pohtanëdak (plural potential second-person)
pohtakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
pohtëici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
pohtani (plural potential third-person)
pohtadakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
pohtat'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
pohtadicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
pohtatticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
pohtadanëhën (passive potential)
pohtattanëhën (passive potential)
pohtakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
pohtëicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
pohtanëk (connegative potential)
pohtadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
pohtat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
pohtadicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
pohtatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
pohtadanëk (connegative passive potential)
pohtattanëk (connegative passive potential)
pohtadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
pohtaba (active participle present)
pohtadapa (participle passive present)
pohtattapa (participle passive present)
pohtadë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
pohtanut (active participle past)
pohtadu (participle passive past)
pohtattu (participle passive past)
pohtama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
pohtaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: ⇒ puhtima/puhtida

Finnish: (dialectal) pohtaa, ⇒ pohtia

Ingrian: poohtaa

Karelian:

North Karelian: puohtua

South Karelian: puohtua

Livvi: puohtua

Ludian: puohtada

Veps: pohtta

Votic: (Mati) pohtaa, pohoa

Possibly derived (with *-tadak) from a stem Proto-Finno-Permic *po(n)šɜ-, which has been proposed to be a borrowing from Proto-Indo-European *powH-éye-ti, albeit this is less tenable if *-n- was originally part of the root.

to winnow (separate grain from husk or chaff with a winnowing basket)


ankërijas

ankërijas (nominative singular)
ankërijahët (nominative plural)
ankërijahën (accusative singular)
ankërijahët (accusative plural)
ankërijahën (genitive singular)
ankërijastën (genitive plural)
ankërijahidën (genitive plural)
ankërijasta (partitive singular)
ankërijahita (partitive plural)
ankërijahëssa (inessive singular)
ankërijahëhna (inessive singular)
ankërijahissa (inessive plural)
ankërijahihna (inessive plural)
ankërijahësta (elative singular)
ankërijahista (elative plural)
ankërijahësën (illative singular)
ankërijahisën (illative plural)
ankërijahëlla (adessive singular)
ankërijahilla (adessive plural)
ankërijahëlta (ablative singular)
ankërijahilta (ablative plural)
ankërijahëlën (allative singular)
ankërijahëlëk (allative singular)
ankërijahilën (allative plural)
ankërijahilëk (allative plural)
ankërijassa (essive singular)
ankërijahina (essive plural)
ankërijahëksi (singular translative)
ankërijahiksi (plural translative)
ankërijahën (instructive singular)
ankërijahin (instructive plural)
ankërijassëk (comitative singular)
ankërijahinëk (comitative plural)
ankërijahëtta (abessive singular)
ankërijahitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: angerjas

Finnish: ankerias

Ingrian: ankerias

Livonian: aņgõrz

Livvi: ängeriäs

Võro: angõrjas

Votic: angõrjõz

Borrowed from Proto-Baltic *angurjas (whence Lithuanian ungurys and Old Prussian angurgis).


suuttadak

suutta- (stem)
suut'an (first-person present singular)
suut'ëin (first-person past singular)
suuttagon (first-person optative singular)
suut'at (present second-person singular)
suut'ëit (past second-person singular)
suut'ak (imperative second-person singular)
suuttagos (optative second-person singular)
suuttabi (present singular third-person)
suutta (present singular third-person)
suuttëi (past singular third-person)
suuttagasën (imperative singular third-person)
suuttagosën (optative singular third-person)
suut'akmëk (first-person plural present)
suut'akmak (first-person plural present)
suuttëimëk (first-person past plural)
suuttëimak (first-person past plural)
suuttagatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
suuttagatamak (first-person imperative plural)
suuttagotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
suuttagotamak (first-person optative plural)
suut'aktëk (plural present second-person)
suut'aktak (plural present second-person)
suuttëidëk (past plural second-person)
suuttëidak (past plural second-person)
suuttagatë (imperative plural second-person)
suuttagata (imperative plural second-person)
suuttagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
suuttagotadak (optative plural second-person)
suuttabat (plural present third-person)
suutta (plural present third-person)
suuttëi (past plural third-person)
suuttagasën (imperative plural third-person)
suuttagosën (optative plural third-person)
suut'aksën (passive present)
suut'at'aksën (passive present)
suuttadisën (passive past)
suut'attisën (passive past)
suuttadakahën (imperative passive)
suut'attakahën (imperative passive)
suuttadakohën (optative passive)
suut'attakohën (optative passive)
suut'ak (connegative present)
suuttagak (connegative imperative)
suuttagok (connegative optative)
suut'aktak (connegative passive present)
suuttadagak (connegative imperative passive)
suut'attagak (connegative imperative passive)
suuttadagok (connegative optative passive)
suut'attagok (connegative optative passive)
suut'akcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
suuttëicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
suuttanën (first-person potential singular)
suut'akcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
suuttëicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
suuttanët (potential second-person singular)
suut'akci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
suuttëici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
suuttani (potential singular third-person)
suut'akcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
suut'akcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
suuttëicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
suuttëicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
suuttanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
suuttanëmak (first-person plural potential)
suut'akcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
suut'akcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
suuttëicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
suuttëicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
suuttanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
suuttanëdak (plural potential second-person)
suut'akci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
suuttëici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
suuttani (plural potential third-person)
suuttadakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
suut'at'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
suuttadicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
suut'atticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
suuttadanëhën (passive potential)
suut'attanëhën (passive potential)
suut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
suuttëicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
suuttanëk (connegative potential)
suuttadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
suut'at'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
suuttadicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
suut'atticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
suuttadanëk (connegative passive potential)
suut'attanëk (connegative passive potential)
suuttadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
suuttaba (active participle present)
suuttadapa (participle passive present)
suut'attapa (participle passive present)
suuttadë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
suuttanut (active participle past)
suuttadu (participle passive past)
suut'attu (participle passive past)
suuttama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
suuttaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: suutma (“to be able, to have the energy for”)

Finnish: suuttaa, suittaa (“to be able, to have the energy for”) (both dated and dialectal)

Karelian:

South Karelian: suittoa (“to save, to gather; to be able”)

Livonian: sõitõ (“to be able”)

Livvi: suittua (“to save, to gather”)

Ludian: suittada (“to save, to gather”)


hüp'äit'äk

hüppäidä- (stem)
hüppäidän (first-person present singular)
hüppäicin (first-person past singular)
hüp'äitkon (first-person optative singular)
hüppäidät (present second-person singular)
hüppäicit (past second-person singular)
hüppäidäk (imperative second-person singular)
hüp'äitkos (optative second-person singular)
hüppäidäpi (present singular third-person)
hüp'äit (present singular third-person)
hüppäici (past singular third-person)
hüp'äitkäsen (imperative singular third-person)
hüp'äitkosen (optative singular third-person)
hüppäidäkmek (first-person plural present)
hüppäidäkmäk (first-person plural present)
hüppäicimek (first-person past plural)
hüppäicimäk (first-person past plural)
hüp'äitkätemek (first-person imperative plural)
hüp'äitkätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
hüp'äitkotemek (first-person optative plural)
hüp'äitkotämäk (first-person optative plural)
hüppäidäktek (plural present second-person)
hüppäidäktäk (plural present second-person)
hüppäicidek (past plural second-person)
hüppäicidäk (past plural second-person)
hüp'äitkäte (imperative plural second-person)
hüp'äitkätä (imperative plural second-person)
hüp'äitkot'ek (optative plural second-person)
hüp'äitkotädäk (optative plural second-person)
hüppäidäbät (plural present third-person)
hüp'äit (plural present third-person)
hüppäici (past plural third-person)
hüp'äitkäsen (imperative plural third-person)
hüp'äitkosen (optative plural third-person)
hüppäidäksen (passive present)
hüppäidät'äksen (passive present)
hüp'äittisen (passive past)
hüppäidättihen (passive past)
hüp'äittäkähen (imperative passive)
hüppäidättägäsen (imperative passive)
hüp'äittäkohen (optative passive)
hüppäidättägosen (optative passive)
hüppäidäk (connegative present)
hüp'äitkäk (connegative imperative)
hüp'äitkok (connegative optative)
hüppäidäktäk (connegative passive present)
hüp'äittägäk (connegative imperative passive)
hüppäidättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
hüp'äittägok (connegative optative passive)
hüppäidättägok (connegative optative passive)
hüppäidäkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
hüppäicicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
hüp'äinnen (first-person potential singular)
hüppäidäkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
hüppäicicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
hüp'äinnet (potential second-person singular)
hüppäidäkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
hüppäicici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
hüp'äinni (potential singular third-person)
hüppäidäkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
hüppäidäkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
hüppäicicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
hüppäicicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
hüp'äinnemek (first-person plural potential)
hüp'äinnemäk (first-person plural potential)
hüppäidäkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
hüppäidäkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
hüppäicicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
hüppäicicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
hüp'äinnedek (plural potential second-person)
hüp'äinnedäk (plural potential second-person)
hüppäidäkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
hüppäicici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
hüp'äinni (plural potential third-person)
hüp'äit'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
hüppäidät'äkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
hüp'äitticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
hüppäidätticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
hüp'äittänehen (passive potential)
hüppäidättänesen (passive potential)
hüppäidäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
hüppäicicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
hüp'äinnek (connegative potential)
hüp'äit'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
hüppäidät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
hüp'äitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
hüppäidätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
hüp'äittänek (connegative passive potential)
hüppäidättänek (connegative passive potential)
hüp'äit'äk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
hüppäidäpä (active participle present)
hüp'äittäpä (participle passive present)
hüppäidättäbä (participle passive present)
hüp'äitte- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
hüp'äinnüt (active participle past)
hüp'äittü (participle passive past)
hüppäidättü (participle passive past)
hüppäidämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
hüppäidäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: hüppama/hüpata

Finnish: hypätä

Ingrian: hypätä

→ Votic: hüpäte

Karelian: hypätä

Livvi: hypätä

Ludian: hüpäitä

Veps: hüpta, hüpaita

Võro: hüppämä/hüpädäq

Votic: (Kattila) üpätä

Finnish: hyppiä

Ingrian: hyppiä

→ Votic: hüppiä

Karelian: hyppie

Livvi: hyppie

Ludian: hüppidä

Veps: hüppida

Votic: (Kattila) üppiä

Probably borrowed from Proto-Norse [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *huppijaną and derived with *-ait'ak. Alternatively, of sound-symbolic origin.


peikälo

peikälo (nominative singular)
peikälot (nominative plural)
peikälon (accusative singular)
peikälot (accusative plural)
peikälon (genitive singular)
peikälodën (genitive plural)
peikäloidën (genitive plural)
peikälota (partitive singular)
peikäloita (partitive plural)
peikälossa (inessive singular)
peikälohna (inessive singular)
peikäloissa (inessive plural)
peikäloihna (inessive plural)
peikälosta (elative singular)
peikäloista (elative plural)
peikälosën (illative singular)
peikäloisën (illative plural)
peikälolla (adessive singular)
peikäloilla (adessive plural)
peikälolta (ablative singular)
peikäloilta (ablative plural)
peikälolën (allative singular)
peikälolëk (allative singular)
peikäloilën (allative plural)
peikäloilëk (allative plural)
peikälona (essive singular)
peikäloina (essive plural)
peikäloksi (singular translative)
peikäloiksi (plural translative)
peikälon (instructive singular)
peikäloin (instructive plural)
peikälonëk (comitative singular)
peikäloinëk (comitative plural)
peikälotta (abessive singular)
peikäloitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: pöial

Finnish: peukalo, (dialectal) peikalo

Ingrian: peukalo, peukolo, peukola, peukala

Karelian:

North Karelian: peikalo

South Karelian: peigalo

Livonian: pēgal

Livvi: peigalo/peigoi

Ludian: peigal

Veps: peigol

Votic: peukolo, (Mati) peiko

Probably from earlier *pelkälo, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *pelkä, *pälkä (“thumb”).


lük'äit'äk

lükkäidä- (stem)
lükkäidän (first-person present singular)
lükkäicin (first-person past singular)
lük'äitkon (first-person optative singular)
lükkäidät (present second-person singular)
lükkäicit (past second-person singular)
lükkäidäk (imperative second-person singular)
lük'äitkos (optative second-person singular)
lükkäidäpi (present singular third-person)
lük'äit (present singular third-person)
lükkäici (past singular third-person)
lük'äitkäsen (imperative singular third-person)
lük'äitkosen (optative singular third-person)
lükkäidäkmek (first-person plural present)
lükkäidäkmäk (first-person plural present)
lükkäicimek (first-person past plural)
lükkäicimäk (first-person past plural)
lük'äitkätemek (first-person imperative plural)
lük'äitkätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
lük'äitkotemek (first-person optative plural)
lük'äitkotämäk (first-person optative plural)
lükkäidäktek (plural present second-person)
lükkäidäktäk (plural present second-person)
lükkäicidek (past plural second-person)
lükkäicidäk (past plural second-person)
lük'äitkäte (imperative plural second-person)
lük'äitkätä (imperative plural second-person)
lük'äitkot'ek (optative plural second-person)
lük'äitkotädäk (optative plural second-person)
lükkäidäbät (plural present third-person)
lük'äit (plural present third-person)
lükkäici (past plural third-person)
lük'äitkäsen (imperative plural third-person)
lük'äitkosen (optative plural third-person)
lükkäidäksen (passive present)
lükkäidät'äksen (passive present)
lük'äittisen (passive past)
lükkäidättihen (passive past)
lük'äittäkähen (imperative passive)
lükkäidättägäsen (imperative passive)
lük'äittäkohen (optative passive)
lükkäidättägosen (optative passive)
lükkäidäk (connegative present)
lük'äitkäk (connegative imperative)
lük'äitkok (connegative optative)
lükkäidäktäk (connegative passive present)
lük'äittägäk (connegative imperative passive)
lükkäidättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
lük'äittägok (connegative optative passive)
lükkäidättägok (connegative optative passive)
lükkäidäkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
lükkäicicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
lük'äinnen (first-person potential singular)
lükkäidäkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
lükkäicicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
lük'äinnet (potential second-person singular)
lükkäidäkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
lükkäicici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
lük'äinni (potential singular third-person)
lükkäidäkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
lükkäidäkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
lükkäicicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
lükkäicicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
lük'äinnemek (first-person plural potential)
lük'äinnemäk (first-person plural potential)
lükkäidäkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
lükkäidäkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
lükkäicicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
lükkäicicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
lük'äinnedek (plural potential second-person)
lük'äinnedäk (plural potential second-person)
lükkäidäkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
lükkäicici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
lük'äinni (plural potential third-person)
lük'äit'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
lükkäidät'äkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
lük'äitticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
lükkäidätticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
lük'äittänehen (passive potential)
lükkäidättänesen (passive potential)
lükkäidäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
lükkäicicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
lük'äinnek (connegative potential)
lük'äit'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lükkäidät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lük'äitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
lükkäidätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
lük'äittänek (connegative passive potential)
lükkäidättänek (connegative passive potential)
lük'äit'äk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
lükkäidäpä (active participle present)
lük'äittäpä (participle passive present)
lükkäidättäbä (participle passive present)
lük'äitte- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
lük'äinnüt (active participle past)
lük'äittü (participle passive past)
lükkäidättü (participle passive past)
lükkäidämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
lükkäidäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: lükkama/lükata

Finnish: lykätä

Ingrian: lykätä

Karelian: lykätä

Livvi: lykätä

Livonian: likkõ

Ludian: lükäita, lükäittä

Veps: lükäita

Votic: lütšäte


ohta-

Estonian: ohakas

Finnish: ohdake

Ingrian: ohtajain

Karelian:

North Karelian: ohtahaini

South Karelian: ohtahaine, ohtoi

Livvi: ohtoi

Ludian: ohtoi

Võro: ohtjas, oht'kas, oht'mas

Votic: ohtain, (Jõgõperä, Lempola) ohtõjain, (Rajo) ohtiain

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Baltic *ašta- (whence Latvian asaka and Lithuanian ašaka)


näküdäk

näkü- (stem)
nägün (first-person present singular)
nägüin (first-person past singular)
näkügon (first-person optative singular)
nägüt (present second-person singular)
nägüit (past second-person singular)
nägük (imperative second-person singular)
näkügos (optative second-person singular)
näkübi (present singular third-person)
näkü (present singular third-person)
näküi (past singular third-person)
näkügäsen (imperative singular third-person)
näkügosen (optative singular third-person)
nägükmek (first-person plural present)
nägükmäk (first-person plural present)
näküimek (first-person past plural)
näküimäk (first-person past plural)
näkügätemek (first-person imperative plural)
näkügätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
näkügotemek (first-person optative plural)
näkügotämäk (first-person optative plural)
nägüktek (plural present second-person)
nägüktäk (plural present second-person)
näküidek (past plural second-person)
näküidäk (past plural second-person)
näkügäte (imperative plural second-person)
näkügätä (imperative plural second-person)
näkügot'ek (optative plural second-person)
näkügotädäk (optative plural second-person)
näkübät (plural present third-person)
näkü (plural present third-person)
näküi (past plural third-person)
näkügäsen (imperative plural third-person)
näkügosen (optative plural third-person)
nägüksen (passive present)
nägüt'äksen (passive present)
näküdisen (passive past)
nägüttisen (passive past)
näküdäkähen (imperative passive)
nägüttäkähen (imperative passive)
näküdäkohen (optative passive)
nägüttäkohen (optative passive)
nägük (connegative present)
näkügäk (connegative imperative)
näkügok (connegative optative)
nägüktäk (connegative passive present)
näküdägäk (connegative imperative passive)
nägüttägäk (connegative imperative passive)
näküdägok (connegative optative passive)
nägüttägok (connegative optative passive)
nägükcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
näküicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
näkünen (first-person potential singular)
nägükcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
näküicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
näkünet (potential second-person singular)
nägükci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
näküici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
näküni (potential singular third-person)
nägükcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
nägükcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
näküicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
näküicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
näkünemek (first-person plural potential)
näkünemäk (first-person plural potential)
nägükcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
nägükcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
näküicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
näküicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
näkünedek (plural potential second-person)
näkünedäk (plural potential second-person)
nägükci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
näküici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
näküni (plural potential third-person)
näküdäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
nägüt'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
näküdicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
nägütticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
näküdänehen (passive potential)
nägüttänehen (passive potential)
nägükcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
näküicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
näkünek (connegative potential)
näküdäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
nägüt'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
näküdicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
nägütticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
näküdänek (connegative passive potential)
nägüttänek (connegative passive potential)
näküdäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
näkübä (active participle present)
näküdäpä (participle passive present)
nägüttäpä (participle passive present)
näküde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
näkünüt (active participle past)
näküdü (participle passive past)
nägüttü (participle passive past)
näkümä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
näküminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: näima/näida

Finnish: näkyä

Ingrian: näkkyä

Karelian:

North Karelian: näkyö

South Karelian: nägyö

Livvi: nägyö

Ludian: nägüda, nägüdä

Veps: näguda

Võro: näkkümä/näüdäq

Votic: nättšüä


karpa-

Estonian: karbalas, karbal

Finnish: karpalo

Ingrian: karpalo, karpola, karpolo, karpula, karpala

Karelian:

North Karelian: karpalo

South Karelian: garbalo

Livonian: gārban

Livvi: guarbalo, garbalo

Ludian: garbal

Veps: garbol

Votic:

Kukkuzi: karpalo, karpolo

With the forms *karpala-, *karpana-, possibly a borrowing from Baltic *skarbala-, *skarbana- (compare Latvian skarbans (“moderately sour”)).


karbëk

karbëk (nominative singular)
karpëgët (nominative plural)
karpëgën (accusative singular)
karpëgët (accusative plural)
karpëgën (genitive singular)
karpëgëdën (genitive plural)
karpëgidën (genitive plural)
karpëgëta (partitive singular)
karpëgita (partitive plural)
karpëgëssa (inessive singular)
karpëgëhna (inessive singular)
karpëgissa (inessive plural)
karpëgihna (inessive plural)
karpëgësta (elative singular)
karpëgista (elative plural)
karpëgësën (illative singular)
karpëgisën (illative plural)
karpëgëlla (adessive singular)
karpëgilla (adessive plural)
karpëgëlta (ablative singular)
karpëgilta (ablative plural)
karpëgëlën (allative singular)
karpëgëlëk (allative singular)
karpëgilën (allative plural)
karpëgilëk (allative plural)
karpëgëna (essive singular)
karpëgina (essive plural)
karpëgëksi (singular translative)
karpëgiksi (plural translative)
karpëgën (instructive singular)
karpëgin (instructive plural)
karpëgënëk (comitative singular)
karpëginëk (comitative plural)
karpëgëtta (abessive singular)
karpëgitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: (dialectal) karbe

Finnish: karve

Karelian:

South Karelian: karve

Livvi: karve

Ludian: karbe

Veps: karbe

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian karpitnes, ķērpis and Lithuanian kerpės) + *-ëk.


survodak

survo- (stem)
survon (first-person present singular)
survoin (first-person past singular)
survogon (first-person optative singular)
survot (present second-person singular)
survoit (past second-person singular)
survok (imperative second-person singular)
survogos (optative second-person singular)
survobi (present singular third-person)
survo (present singular third-person)
survoi (past singular third-person)
survogasën (imperative singular third-person)
survogosën (optative singular third-person)
survokmëk (first-person plural present)
survokmak (first-person plural present)
survoimëk (first-person past plural)
survoimak (first-person past plural)
survogatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
survogatamak (first-person imperative plural)
survogotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
survogotamak (first-person optative plural)
survoktëk (plural present second-person)
survoktak (plural present second-person)
survoidëk (past plural second-person)
survoidak (past plural second-person)
survogatë (imperative plural second-person)
survogata (imperative plural second-person)
survogot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
survogotadak (optative plural second-person)
survobat (plural present third-person)
survo (plural present third-person)
survoi (past plural third-person)
survogasën (imperative plural third-person)
survogosën (optative plural third-person)
survoksën (passive present)
survot'aksën (passive present)
survodisën (passive past)
survottisën (passive past)
survodakahën (imperative passive)
survottakahën (imperative passive)
survodakohën (optative passive)
survottakohën (optative passive)
survok (connegative present)
survogak (connegative imperative)
survogok (connegative optative)
survoktak (connegative passive present)
survodagak (connegative imperative passive)
survottagak (connegative imperative passive)
survodagok (connegative optative passive)
survottagok (connegative optative passive)
survokcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
survoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
survonën (first-person potential singular)
survokcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
survoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
survonët (potential second-person singular)
survokci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
survoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
survoni (potential singular third-person)
survokcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
survokcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
survoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
survoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
survonëmëk (first-person plural potential)
survonëmak (first-person plural potential)
survokcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
survokcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
survoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
survoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
survonëdëk (plural potential second-person)
survonëdak (plural potential second-person)
survokci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
survoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
survoni (plural potential third-person)
survodakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
survot'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
survodicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
survotticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
survodanëhën (passive potential)
survottanëhën (passive potential)
survokcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
survoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
survonëk (connegative potential)
survodakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
survot'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
survodicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
survotticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
survodanëk (connegative passive potential)
survottanëk (connegative passive potential)
survodak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
survoba (active participle present)
survodapa (participle passive present)
survottapa (participle passive present)
survodë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
survonut (active participle past)
survodu (participle passive past)
survottu (participle passive past)
survoma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
survominen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: suruma/suruda

Finnish: survoa

Ingrian: survoa

Karelian: survuo

Livonian: su’rrõ

Livvi: survuo

Ludian: survoda

Veps: surda

Võro: surbma/surbuq

Votic: survoa

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *śurwa-(w-). Cognate with Hungarian szúr.


vik'at'ëh

vik'at'ëh (nominative singular)
vik'attëhët (nominative plural)
vik'attëhën (accusative singular)
vik'attëhët (accusative plural)
vik'attëhën (genitive singular)
vik'at'ëhtën (genitive plural)
vik'attëhidën (genitive plural)
vik'at'ëhta (partitive singular)
vik'attëhida (partitive plural)
vik'attëhëssa (inessive singular)
vik'attëhëhna (inessive singular)
vik'attëhissa (inessive plural)
vik'attëhihna (inessive plural)
vik'attëhësta (elative singular)
vik'attëhista (elative plural)
vik'attëhëhën (illative singular)
vik'attëhihën (illative plural)
vik'attëhëlla (adessive singular)
vik'attëhilla (adessive plural)
vik'attëhëlta (ablative singular)
vik'attëhilta (ablative plural)
vik'attëhëlën (allative singular)
vik'attëhëlëk (allative singular)
vik'attëhilën (allative plural)
vik'attëhilëk (allative plural)
vik'attëhëna (essive singular)
vik'attëhina (essive plural)
vik'attëhëksi (singular translative)
vik'attëhiksi (plural translative)
vik'attëhën (instructive singular)
vik'attëhin (instructive plural)
vik'attëhënëk (comitative singular)
vik'attëhinëk (comitative plural)
vik'attëhëtta (abessive singular)
vik'attëhitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: vikat

Finnish: viikate, (dialectal) vikate

Ingrian: viikate

Karelian: viikateh, vikateh

Livonian: vikāt, vikārt

Livvi: vikateh

Ludian: vikateh

Veps: vikateh

Võro: vikaht', vikat'

Votic: vikahtõ

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Baltic *vikapteš (compare Latvian izkapts).


väkebä

väkebä (nominative singular)
väkebät (nominative plural)
väkebän (accusative singular)
väkebät (accusative plural)
väkebän (genitive singular)
väkebäden (genitive plural)
väkebeiden (genitive plural)
väkebätä (partitive singular)
väkebeitä (partitive plural)
väkebässä (inessive singular)
väkebähnä (inessive singular)
väkebeissä (inessive plural)
väkebeihnä (inessive plural)
väkebästä (elative singular)
väkebeistä (elative plural)
väkebäsen (illative singular)
väkebeisen (illative plural)
väkebällä (adessive singular)
väkebeillä (adessive plural)
väkebältä (ablative singular)
väkebeiltä (ablative plural)
väkebälen (allative singular)
väkebälek (allative singular)
väkebeilen (allative plural)
väkebeilek (allative plural)
väkebänä (essive singular)
väkebeinä (essive plural)
väkebäksi (singular translative)
väkebeiksi (plural translative)
väkebän (instructive singular)
väkebein (instructive plural)
väkebänek (comitative singular)
väkebeinek (comitative plural)
väkebättä (abessive singular)
väkebeittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: vägev

Finnish: väkevä

Ingrian: väkövä, väkevä

Karelian:

North Karelian: väkövä

South Karelian: vägövä, vägevä

Livvi: vägevy, vägöy

Ludian: vägev, vägeu

Veps: vägev

Võro: väkev

Votic: vätševe


maima

maima (nominative singular)
maimat (nominative plural)
maiman (accusative singular)
maimat (accusative plural)
maiman (genitive singular)
maimadën (genitive plural)
maimoidën (genitive plural)
maimada (partitive singular)
maimoida (partitive plural)
maimassa (inessive singular)
maimahna (inessive singular)
maimoissa (inessive plural)
maimoihna (inessive plural)
maimasta (elative singular)
maimoista (elative plural)
maimahën (illative singular)
maimoihën (illative plural)
maimalla (adessive singular)
maimoilla (adessive plural)
maimalta (ablative singular)
maimoilta (ablative plural)
maimalën (allative singular)
maimalëk (allative singular)
maimoilën (allative plural)
maimoilëk (allative plural)
maimana (essive singular)
maimoina (essive plural)
maimaksi (singular translative)
maimoiksi (plural translative)
maiman (instructive singular)
maimoin (instructive plural)
maimanëk (comitative singular)
maimoinëk (comitative plural)
maimatta (abessive singular)
maimoitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: maim

Finnish: maiva, maima

Karelian: maima

Livvi: maimu

Ludian: maim

Veps: maim

Võro: maim

Votic: (rare, obsolete) maima

Unknown. Possibly a borrowing from Proto-Germanic *maiwaz (whence Old Norse mjór (“thin, slender”)).