sooja

sooja (nominative singular)
soojat (nominative plural)
soojan (accusative singular)
soojat (accusative plural)
soojan (genitive singular)
soojadën (genitive plural)
soojëidën (genitive plural)
soojada (partitive singular)
soojëida (partitive plural)
soojassa (inessive singular)
soojahna (inessive singular)
soojëissa (inessive plural)
soojëihna (inessive plural)
soojasta (elative singular)
soojëista (elative plural)
soojahën (illative singular)
soojëihën (illative plural)
soojalla (adessive singular)
soojëilla (adessive plural)
soojalta (ablative singular)
soojëilta (ablative plural)
soojalën (allative singular)
soojalëk (allative singular)
soojëilën (allative plural)
soojëilëk (allative plural)
soojana (essive singular)
soojëina (essive plural)
soojaksi (singular translative)
soojëiksi (plural translative)
soojan (instructive singular)
soojëin (instructive plural)
soojanëk (comitative singular)
soojëinëk (comitative plural)
soojatta (abessive singular)
soojëitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: suoja

Ingrian: sooja

Karelian:

North Karelian: šuoja

South Karelian: šuoja

Livvi: suoju

→? Proto-Samic: *suojē (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed from Proto-Iranian *caHyáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *śćaHyáH.


sooja

Estonian: soe

Finnish: suoja

Ingrian: sooja

Karelian:

North Karelian: šuoja

Votic: soojõ


kipedä

kipedä (nominative singular)
kipedät (nominative plural)
kipedän (accusative singular)
kipedät (accusative plural)
kipedän (genitive singular)
kipedäden (genitive plural)
kipedeiden (genitive plural)
kipedätä (partitive singular)
kipedeitä (partitive plural)
kipedässä (inessive singular)
kipedähnä (inessive singular)
kipedeissä (inessive plural)
kipedeihnä (inessive plural)
kipedästä (elative singular)
kipedeistä (elative plural)
kipedäsen (illative singular)
kipedeisen (illative plural)
kipedällä (adessive singular)
kipedeillä (adessive plural)
kipedältä (ablative singular)
kipedeiltä (ablative plural)
kipedälen (allative singular)
kipedälek (allative singular)
kipedeilen (allative plural)
kipedeilek (allative plural)
kipedänä (essive singular)
kipedeinä (essive plural)
kipedäksi (singular translative)
kipedeiksi (plural translative)
kipedän (instructive singular)
kipedein (instructive plural)
kipedänek (comitative singular)
kipedeinek (comitative plural)
kipedättä (abessive singular)
kipedeittä (abessive plural)

Finnish: kipeä

Ingrian: kippiä

Karelian: kipie, kibie

Livvi: kibei

Ludian: kibed

Veps: kibed

q

ambiguous, could also be <i class="Latn mention" lang="urj-fin-pro">*kipedä</i>

Estonian: kibe (ambiguous, could also be *kipedä)

⇒ Livonian: ki’bḑi

Võro: kipõ

Votic: tšippa

Unknown, but apparently contains the suffix *-ëda.


kerjät'äk

kerjädä- (stem)
kerjädän (first-person present singular)
kerjäcin (first-person past singular)
kerjätkon (first-person optative singular)
kerjädät (present second-person singular)
kerjäcit (past second-person singular)
kerjädäk (imperative second-person singular)
kerjätkos (optative second-person singular)
kerjädäpi (present singular third-person)
kerjät (present singular third-person)
kerjäci (past singular third-person)
kerjätkäsen (imperative singular third-person)
kerjätkosen (optative singular third-person)
kerjädäkmek (first-person plural present)
kerjädäkmäk (first-person plural present)
kerjäcimek (first-person past plural)
kerjäcimäk (first-person past plural)
kerjätkätemek (first-person imperative plural)
kerjätkätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
kerjätkotemek (first-person optative plural)
kerjätkotämäk (first-person optative plural)
kerjädäktek (plural present second-person)
kerjädäktäk (plural present second-person)
kerjäcidek (past plural second-person)
kerjäcidäk (past plural second-person)
kerjätkäte (imperative plural second-person)
kerjätkätä (imperative plural second-person)
kerjätkot'ek (optative plural second-person)
kerjätkotädäk (optative plural second-person)
kerjädäbät (plural present third-person)
kerjät (plural present third-person)
kerjäci (past plural third-person)
kerjätkäsen (imperative plural third-person)
kerjätkosen (optative plural third-person)
kerjädäksen (passive present)
kerjädät'äksen (passive present)
kerjättisen (passive past)
kerjädättihen (passive past)
kerjättäkähen (imperative passive)
kerjädättägäsen (imperative passive)
kerjättäkohen (optative passive)
kerjädättägosen (optative passive)
kerjädäk (connegative present)
kerjätkäk (connegative imperative)
kerjätkok (connegative optative)
kerjädäktäk (connegative passive present)
kerjättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
kerjädättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
kerjättägok (connegative optative passive)
kerjädättägok (connegative optative passive)
kerjädäkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
kerjäcicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
kerjännen (first-person potential singular)
kerjädäkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
kerjäcicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
kerjännet (potential second-person singular)
kerjädäkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
kerjäcici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
kerjänni (potential singular third-person)
kerjädäkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kerjädäkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kerjäcicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kerjäcicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kerjännemek (first-person plural potential)
kerjännemäk (first-person plural potential)
kerjädäkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kerjädäkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kerjäcicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kerjäcicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kerjännedek (plural potential second-person)
kerjännedäk (plural potential second-person)
kerjädäkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
kerjäcici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
kerjänni (plural potential third-person)
kerjät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
kerjädät'äkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
kerjätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kerjädätticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kerjättänehen (passive potential)
kerjädättänesen (passive potential)
kerjädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
kerjäcicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
kerjännek (connegative potential)
kerjät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kerjädät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kerjätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kerjädätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kerjättänek (connegative passive potential)
kerjädättänek (connegative passive potential)
kerjät'äk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
kerjädäpä (active participle present)
kerjättäpä (participle passive present)
kerjädättäbä (participle passive present)
kerjätte- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
kerjännüt (active participle past)
kerjättü (participle passive past)
kerjädättü (participle passive past)
kerjädämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
kerjädäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: kerjama/kerjata

desctree

Finnish: kerjätä
→ Northern Sami: gearjidit
→ Lule Sami: kierjētit

Livonian: kerrõ

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *kerjä- (“to request”) + *-t'ak. Cognate with Hungarian kér, Komi-Permyak корны (korny) and Udmurt курыны (kuryny).


lëëka

lëëka (nominative singular)
lëëgat (nominative plural)
lëëgan (accusative singular)
lëëgat (accusative plural)
lëëgan (genitive singular)
lëëkadën (genitive plural)
lëëkoidën (genitive plural)
lëëkada (partitive singular)
lëëkoida (partitive plural)
lëëgassa (inessive singular)
lëëgahna (inessive singular)
lëëgoissa (inessive plural)
lëëgoihna (inessive plural)
lëëgasta (elative singular)
lëëgoista (elative plural)
lëëkahën (illative singular)
lëëkoihën (illative plural)
lëëgalla (adessive singular)
lëëgoilla (adessive plural)
lëëgalta (ablative singular)
lëëgoilta (ablative plural)
lëëkalën (allative singular)
lëëkalëk (allative singular)
lëëkoilën (allative plural)
lëëkoilëk (allative plural)
lëëkana (essive singular)
lëëkoina (essive plural)
lëëgaksi (singular translative)
lëëgoiksi (plural translative)
lëëgan (instructive singular)
lëëgoin (instructive plural)
lëëkanëk (comitative singular)
lëëkoinëk (comitative plural)
lëëgatta (abessive singular)
lëëgoitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: lõõg

Finnish: lieka

Ingrian: leeka

Karelian:

North Karelian: lieka

South Karelian: liega

Livvi: liegu

Veps: leg

Võro: lyig

Votic: lõõkõ

Borrowed from early Proto-Germanic *lēgā (later *lēgō), whence also Middle Dutch lage (“trap, snare”). Doublet of *lëëko and possibly also *laho


-nto

Finnish: -nto


laito

Unclear. Possibly borrowed from Proto-Baltic *slaid- (whence Latvian slaids and Lithuanian šlaitas) or, alternatively, derived from *laita.

unk

Unclear


laito

laito (nominative singular)
laidot (nominative plural)
laidon (accusative singular)
laidot (accusative plural)
laidon (genitive singular)
laitodën (genitive plural)
laitoidën (genitive plural)
laitoda (partitive singular)
laitoida (partitive plural)
laidossa (inessive singular)
laidohna (inessive singular)
laidoissa (inessive plural)
laidoihna (inessive plural)
laidosta (elative singular)
laidoista (elative plural)
laitohën (illative singular)
laitoihën (illative plural)
laidolla (adessive singular)
laidoilla (adessive plural)
laidolta (ablative singular)
laidoilta (ablative plural)
laitolën (allative singular)
laitolëk (allative singular)
laitoilën (allative plural)
laitoilëk (allative plural)
laitona (essive singular)
laitoina (essive plural)
laidoksi (singular translative)
laidoiksi (plural translative)
laidon (instructive singular)
laidoin (instructive plural)
laitonëk (comitative singular)
laitoinëk (comitative plural)
laidotta (abessive singular)
laidoitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: laid

Finnish: laito

Livonian: laid

Unclear


paimën

paimën (nominative singular)
paimënët (nominative plural)
paimënën (accusative singular)
paimënët (accusative plural)
paimënën (genitive singular)
paimëndën (genitive plural)
paimënidën (genitive plural)
paimënta (partitive singular)
paimënita (partitive plural)
paimënëssa (inessive singular)
paimënëhna (inessive singular)
paimënissa (inessive plural)
paimënihna (inessive plural)
paimënësta (elative singular)
paimënista (elative plural)
paimënësën (illative singular)
paimënisën (illative plural)
paimënëlla (adessive singular)
paimënilla (adessive plural)
paimënëlta (ablative singular)
paimënilta (ablative plural)
paimënëlën (allative singular)
paimënëlëk (allative singular)
paimënilën (allative plural)
paimënilëk (allative plural)
paimënna (essive singular)
paimënina (essive plural)
paimënëksi (singular translative)
paimëniksi (plural translative)
paimënën (instructive singular)
paimënin (instructive plural)
paimënnëk (comitative singular)
paimëninëk (comitative plural)
paimënëtta (abessive singular)
paimënitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: paimen

Ingrian: paimen

Karelian:

North Karelian: paimen

South Karelian: paimen

Livonian: paint

Ludian: paimen

Veps: paimen

Votic: paimõn

Livvi: paimoi

Ludian: paimoi

Borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Lithuanian piemuõ), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *poh₂-i-mn̥, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-.


surku

surku (nominative singular)
surgut (nominative plural)
surgun (accusative singular)
surgut (accusative plural)
surgun (genitive singular)
surkudën (genitive plural)
surkuidën (genitive plural)
surkuda (partitive singular)
surkuida (partitive plural)
surgussa (inessive singular)
surguhna (inessive singular)
surguissa (inessive plural)
surguihna (inessive plural)
surgusta (elative singular)
surguista (elative plural)
surkuhën (illative singular)
surkuihën (illative plural)
surgulla (adessive singular)
surguilla (adessive plural)
surgulta (ablative singular)
surguilta (ablative plural)
surkulën (allative singular)
surkulëk (allative singular)
surkuilën (allative plural)
surkuilëk (allative plural)
surkuna (essive singular)
surkuina (essive plural)
surguksi (singular translative)
surguiksi (plural translative)
surgun (instructive singular)
surguin (instructive plural)
surkunëk (comitative singular)
surkuinëk (comitative plural)
surgutta (abessive singular)
surguitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: (dialectal) surku, ⇒ surkea

Finnish: (dialectal) surko


vandëh

vandëh (nominative singular)
vantëhët (nominative plural)
vantëhën (accusative singular)
vantëhët (accusative plural)
vantëhën (genitive singular)
vandëhtën (genitive plural)
vantëhidën (genitive plural)
vandëhta (partitive singular)
vantëhita (partitive plural)
vantëhëssa (inessive singular)
vantëhëhna (inessive singular)
vantëhissa (inessive plural)
vantëhihna (inessive plural)
vantëhësta (elative singular)
vantëhista (elative plural)
vantëhësën (illative singular)
vantëhisën (illative plural)
vantëhëlla (adessive singular)
vantëhilla (adessive plural)
vantëhëlta (ablative singular)
vantëhilta (ablative plural)
vantëhëlën (allative singular)
vantëhëlëk (allative singular)
vantëhilën (allative plural)
vantëhilëk (allative plural)
vantëhëna (essive singular)
vantëhina (essive plural)
vantëhëksi (singular translative)
vantëhiksi (plural translative)
vantëhën (instructive singular)
vantëhin (instructive plural)
vantëhënëk (comitative singular)
vantëhinëk (comitative plural)
vantëhëtta (abessive singular)
vantëhitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: vanne

Ingrian: vanne

Karelian: vanneh

Livvi: vanneh

Ludian: vandeh

Veps: vandeh

From earlier *vantëš, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *wanduz.


tëljo

Finnic (Northern)
tëljo (nominative singular)
tëljot (nominative plural)
tëljon (accusative singular)
tëljot (accusative plural)
tëljon (genitive singular)
tëljodën (genitive plural)
tëljoidën (genitive plural)
tëljoda (partitive singular)
tëljoida (partitive plural)
tëljossa (inessive singular)
tëljohna (inessive singular)
tëljoissa (inessive plural)
tëljoihna (inessive plural)
tëljosta (elative singular)
tëljoista (elative plural)
tëljohën (illative singular)
tëljoihën (illative plural)
tëljolla (adessive singular)
tëljoilla (adessive plural)
tëljolta (ablative singular)
tëljoilta (ablative plural)
tëljolën (allative singular)
tëljolëk (allative singular)
tëljoilën (allative plural)
tëljoilëk (allative plural)
tëljona (essive singular)
tëljoina (essive plural)
tëljoksi (singular translative)
tëljoiksi (plural translative)
tëljon (instructive singular)
tëljoin (instructive plural)
tëljonëk (comitative singular)
tëljoinëk (comitative plural)
tëljotta (abessive singular)
tëljoitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: teljo

Karelian:

North Karelian: telʹlʹo

South Karelian: telʹlʹo

Ludian: telʹlʹ

Veps: tel'

Borrowed from early Proto-Germanic *þeljǭ (later *þiljǭ).


purjëh

purjëh (nominative singular)
purjëhët (nominative plural)
purjëhën (accusative singular)
purjëhët (accusative plural)
purjëhën (genitive singular)
purjëhtën (genitive plural)
purjëhidën (genitive plural)
purjëhta (partitive singular)
purjëhita (partitive plural)
purjëhëssa (inessive singular)
purjëhëhna (inessive singular)
purjëhissa (inessive plural)
purjëhihna (inessive plural)
purjëhësta (elative singular)
purjëhista (elative plural)
purjëhësën (illative singular)
purjëhisën (illative plural)
purjëhëlla (adessive singular)
purjëhilla (adessive plural)
purjëhëlta (ablative singular)
purjëhilta (ablative plural)
purjëhëlën (allative singular)
purjëhëlëk (allative singular)
purjëhilën (allative plural)
purjëhilëk (allative plural)
purjëhëna (essive singular)
purjëhina (essive plural)
purjëhëksi (singular translative)
purjëhiksi (plural translative)
purjëhën (instructive singular)
purjëhin (instructive plural)
purjëhënëk (comitative singular)
purjëhinëk (comitative plural)
purjëhëtta (abessive singular)
purjëhitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: puri

Finnish: purje

Ingrian: purje

Karelian:

North Karelian: purjeh

South Karelian: purjeh

Livonian: pūŗaz

Livvi: purjeh

Veps: pureh

Võro: pur'o

Votic: purjõ

→? Latvian: bura

→? Lithuanian: burė

From earlier *purjëš, borrowed from
* Proto-Germanic *buriz (“fair wind”)
* or a Baltic source (compare Lithuanian burė, Latvian bura) – though the direction of borrowing could also be opposite.
Cognate with Proto-Samic *porjës (“sail”).


nalja

nalja (nominative singular)
naljat (nominative plural)
naljan (accusative singular)
naljat (accusative plural)
naljan (genitive singular)
naljadën (genitive plural)
naljoidën (genitive plural)
naljada (partitive singular)
naljoida (partitive plural)
naljassa (inessive singular)
naljahna (inessive singular)
naljoissa (inessive plural)
naljoihna (inessive plural)
naljasta (elative singular)
naljoista (elative plural)
naljahën (illative singular)
naljoihën (illative plural)
naljalla (adessive singular)
naljoilla (adessive plural)
naljalta (ablative singular)
naljoilta (ablative plural)
naljalën (allative singular)
naljalëk (allative singular)
naljoilën (allative plural)
naljoilëk (allative plural)
naljana (essive singular)
naljoina (essive plural)
naljaksi (singular translative)
naljoiksi (plural translative)
naljan (instructive singular)
naljoin (instructive plural)
naljanëk (comitative singular)
naljoinëk (comitative plural)
naljatta (abessive singular)
naljoitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: nali

Finnish: (archaic) nalja

⇒ Finnish: naljailla

Ingrian: nalja

Livonian: nǭļa

Võro: nali

Votic: nalʹlʹõ

Possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *nalja.


piitta

piitta (nominative singular)
piit'at (nominative plural)
piit'an (accusative singular)
piit'at (accusative plural)
piit'an (genitive singular)
piittadën (genitive plural)
piittoidën (genitive plural)
piittada (partitive singular)
piittoida (partitive plural)
piit'assa (inessive singular)
piit'ahna (inessive singular)
piit'oissa (inessive plural)
piit'oihna (inessive plural)
piit'asta (elative singular)
piit'oista (elative plural)
piittahën (illative singular)
piittoihën (illative plural)
piit'alla (adessive singular)
piit'oilla (adessive plural)
piit'alta (ablative singular)
piit'oilta (ablative plural)
piittalën (allative singular)
piittalëk (allative singular)
piittoilën (allative plural)
piittoilëk (allative plural)
piittana (essive singular)
piittoina (essive plural)
piit'aksi (singular translative)
piit'oiksi (plural translative)
piit'an (instructive singular)
piit'oin (instructive plural)
piittanëk (comitative singular)
piittoinëk (comitative plural)
piit'atta (abessive singular)
piit'oitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: piit

Finnish: piitta

→ Karelian:

North Karelian: piitta

Ingrian: piitta

Livonian: pīţ

Võro: piit

Votic: piittõ

Borrowed from Proto-Norse [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *bitô (whence Old Norse biti, Norwegian Nynorsk bete).


rooho

rooho (nominative singular)
roohot (nominative plural)
roohon (accusative singular)
roohot (accusative plural)
roohon (genitive singular)
roohodën (genitive plural)
roohoidën (genitive plural)
roohoda (partitive singular)
roohoida (partitive plural)
roohossa (inessive singular)
roohohna (inessive singular)
roohoissa (inessive plural)
roohoihna (inessive plural)
roohosta (elative singular)
roohoista (elative plural)
roohohën (illative singular)
roohoihën (illative plural)
rooholla (adessive singular)
roohoilla (adessive plural)
rooholta (ablative singular)
roohoilta (ablative plural)
rooholën (allative singular)
rooholëk (allative singular)
roohoilën (allative plural)
roohoilëk (allative plural)
roohona (essive singular)
roohoina (essive plural)
roohoksi (singular translative)
roohoiksi (plural translative)
roohon (instructive singular)
roohoin (instructive plural)
roohonëk (comitative singular)
roohoinëk (comitative plural)
roohotta (abessive singular)
roohoitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: rohi

Finnish: ruoho

Ingrian: rooho

Karelian:

North Karelian: ruoho

South Karelian: ruoho

Livonian: (Courland) rõ’u, rõ’uv, (Salaca) ruoi

Veps: roho

Võro: ruuh

Votic: roho

→ Ingrian: roho

Probably from Proto-Germanic *grasą, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-.


sapilas

Finnic (Northern)
sapilas (nominative singular)
sapilasët (nominative plural)
sapilasën (accusative singular)
sapilasët (accusative plural)
sapilasën (genitive singular)
sapilastën (genitive plural)
sapilasidën (genitive plural)
sapilasta (partitive singular)
sapilasida (partitive plural)
sapilasëssa (inessive singular)
sapilasëhna (inessive singular)
sapilasissa (inessive plural)
sapilasihna (inessive plural)
sapilasësta (elative singular)
sapilasista (elative plural)
sapilasëhën (illative singular)
sapilasihën (illative plural)
sapilasëlla (adessive singular)
sapilasilla (adessive plural)
sapilasëlta (ablative singular)
sapilasilta (ablative plural)
sapilasëlën (allative singular)
sapilasëlëk (allative singular)
sapilasilën (allative plural)
sapilasilëk (allative plural)
sapilassa (essive singular)
sapilasina (essive plural)
sapilasëksi (singular translative)
sapilasiksi (plural translative)
sapilasën (instructive singular)
sapilasin (instructive plural)
sapilassëk (comitative singular)
sapilasinëk (comitative plural)
sapilasëtta (abessive singular)
sapilasitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: sapilas

Karelian:

North Karelian: šapilaš

South Karelian: šabilaš

Livvi: sabilas

Ludian: sabilaz, sabilahad pl

Veps: sabilahad pl

(in the plural) pair of poles used as a carrying or pulling device


saiho

saiho (nominative singular)
saihot (nominative plural)
saihon (accusative singular)
saihot (accusative plural)
saihon (genitive singular)
saihodën (genitive plural)
saihoidën (genitive plural)
saihoda (partitive singular)
saihoida (partitive plural)
saihossa (inessive singular)
saihohna (inessive singular)
saihoissa (inessive plural)
saihoihna (inessive plural)
saihosta (elative singular)
saihoista (elative plural)
saihohën (illative singular)
saihoihën (illative plural)
saiholla (adessive singular)
saihoilla (adessive plural)
saiholta (ablative singular)
saihoilta (ablative plural)
saiholën (allative singular)
saiholëk (allative singular)
saihoilën (allative plural)
saihoilëk (allative plural)
saihona (essive singular)
saihoina (essive plural)
saihoksi (singular translative)
saihoiksi (plural translative)
saihon (instructive singular)
saihoin (instructive plural)
saihonëk (comitative singular)
saihoinëk (comitative plural)
saihotta (abessive singular)
saihoitta (abessive plural)

desc

Finnish: (dialectal) saiho (“water vein, groove, crack, streak, cirrostratus”)

Karelian:

South Karelian: saiho (“small rain cloud”)

Livvi: saiho (“small rain cloud”)

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *saigwǭ, *saigǭ (whence dialectal Swedish sega (“rain cloud, mist, trickling water, spring”) and German Wasserseige, Old High German talaseiga).


tiuhta

tiuhta (nominative singular)
tiuhtat (nominative plural)
tiuhtan (accusative singular)
tiuhtat (accusative plural)
tiuhtan (genitive singular)
tiuhtadën (genitive plural)
tiuhtëidën (genitive plural)
tiuhtada (partitive singular)
tiuhtëida (partitive plural)
tiuhtassa (inessive singular)
tiuhtahna (inessive singular)
tiuhtëissa (inessive plural)
tiuhtëihna (inessive plural)
tiuhtasta (elative singular)
tiuhtëista (elative plural)
tiuhtahën (illative singular)
tiuhtëihën (illative plural)
tiuhtalla (adessive singular)
tiuhtëilla (adessive plural)
tiuhtalta (ablative singular)
tiuhtëilta (ablative plural)
tiuhtalën (allative singular)
tiuhtalëk (allative singular)
tiuhtëilën (allative plural)
tiuhtëilëk (allative plural)
tiuhtana (essive singular)
tiuhtëina (essive plural)
tiuhtaksi (singular translative)
tiuhtëiksi (plural translative)
tiuhtan (instructive singular)
tiuhtëin (instructive plural)
tiuhtanëk (comitative singular)
tiuhtëinëk (comitative plural)
tiuhtatta (abessive singular)
tiuhtëitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: tihv

Finnish: tiuhta

Ingrian: tiuhta

Karelian:

South Karelian: tiuhta

Livvi: tiuhtu

Ludian: tiuhte

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *stiftaz (whence German Stift).


kiikkudak

kiikku- (stem)
kiik'un (first-person present singular)
kiik'uin (first-person past singular)
kiikkugon (first-person optative singular)
kiik'ut (present second-person singular)
kiik'uit (past second-person singular)
kiik'uk (imperative second-person singular)
kiikkugos (optative second-person singular)
kiikkubi (present singular third-person)
kiikku (present singular third-person)
kiikkui (past singular third-person)
kiikkugasën (imperative singular third-person)
kiikkugosën (optative singular third-person)
kiik'ukmëk (first-person plural present)
kiik'ukmak (first-person plural present)
kiikkuimëk (first-person past plural)
kiikkuimak (first-person past plural)
kiikkugatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
kiikkugatamak (first-person imperative plural)
kiikkugotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
kiikkugotamak (first-person optative plural)
kiik'uktëk (plural present second-person)
kiik'uktak (plural present second-person)
kiikkuidëk (past plural second-person)
kiikkuidak (past plural second-person)
kiikkugatë (imperative plural second-person)
kiikkugata (imperative plural second-person)
kiikkugot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
kiikkugotadak (optative plural second-person)
kiikkubat (plural present third-person)
kiikku (plural present third-person)
kiikkui (past plural third-person)
kiikkugasën (imperative plural third-person)
kiikkugosën (optative plural third-person)
kiik'uksën (passive present)
kiik'ut'aksën (passive present)
kiikkudisën (passive past)
kiik'uttisën (passive past)
kiikkudakahën (imperative passive)
kiik'uttakahën (imperative passive)
kiikkudakohën (optative passive)
kiik'uttakohën (optative passive)
kiik'uk (connegative present)
kiikkugak (connegative imperative)
kiikkugok (connegative optative)
kiik'uktak (connegative passive present)
kiikkudagak (connegative imperative passive)
kiik'uttagak (connegative imperative passive)
kiikkudagok (connegative optative passive)
kiik'uttagok (connegative optative passive)
kiik'ukcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
kiikkuicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
kiikkunën (first-person potential singular)
kiik'ukcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
kiikkuicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
kiikkunët (potential second-person singular)
kiik'ukci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
kiikkuici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
kiikkuni (potential singular third-person)
kiik'ukcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kiik'ukcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kiikkuicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kiikkuicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kiikkunëmëk (first-person plural potential)
kiikkunëmak (first-person plural potential)
kiik'ukcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kiik'ukcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kiikkuicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kiikkuicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kiikkunëdëk (plural potential second-person)
kiikkunëdak (plural potential second-person)
kiik'ukci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
kiikkuici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
kiikkuni (plural potential third-person)
kiikkudakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kiik'ut'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
kiikkudicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kiik'utticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kiikkudanëhën (passive potential)
kiik'uttanëhën (passive potential)
kiik'ukcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
kiikkuicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
kiikkunëk (connegative potential)
kiikkudakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kiik'ut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kiikkudicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kiik'utticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kiikkudanëk (connegative passive potential)
kiik'uttanëk (connegative passive potential)
kiikkudak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
kiikkuba (active participle present)
kiikkudapa (participle passive present)
kiik'uttapa (participle passive present)
kiikkudë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
kiikkunut (active participle past)
kiikkudu (participle passive past)
kiik'uttu (participle passive past)
kiikkuma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
kiikkuminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: kiikuma/kiikuda

→ Votic: kiikkua

Finnish: kiikkua

Karelian: kiikkuo


lüpsädäk

lüpsä- (stem)
lüpsän (first-person present singular)
lüpsein (first-person past singular)
lüpsägon (first-person optative singular)
lüpsät (present second-person singular)
lüpseit (past second-person singular)
lüpsäk (imperative second-person singular)
lüpsägos (optative second-person singular)
lüpsäbi (present singular third-person)
lüpsä (present singular third-person)
lüpsei (past singular third-person)
lüpsägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
lüpsägosen (optative singular third-person)
lüpsäkmek (first-person plural present)
lüpsäkmäk (first-person plural present)
lüpseimek (first-person past plural)
lüpseimäk (first-person past plural)
lüpsägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
lüpsägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
lüpsägotemek (first-person optative plural)
lüpsägotämäk (first-person optative plural)
lüpsäktek (plural present second-person)
lüpsäktäk (plural present second-person)
lüpseidek (past plural second-person)
lüpseidäk (past plural second-person)
lüpsägäte (imperative plural second-person)
lüpsägätä (imperative plural second-person)
lüpsägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
lüpsägotädäk (optative plural second-person)
lüpsäbät (plural present third-person)
lüpsä (plural present third-person)
lüpsei (past plural third-person)
lüpsägäsen (imperative plural third-person)
lüpsägosen (optative plural third-person)
lüpsäksen (passive present)
lüpsät'äksen (passive present)
lüpsädisen (passive past)
lüpsättisen (passive past)
lüpsädäkähen (imperative passive)
lüpsättäkähen (imperative passive)
lüpsädäkohen (optative passive)
lüpsättäkohen (optative passive)
lüpsäk (connegative present)
lüpsägäk (connegative imperative)
lüpsägok (connegative optative)
lüpsäktäk (connegative passive present)
lüpsädägäk (connegative imperative passive)
lüpsättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
lüpsädägok (connegative optative passive)
lüpsättägok (connegative optative passive)
lüpsäkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
lüpseicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
lüpsänen (first-person potential singular)
lüpsäkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
lüpseicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
lüpsänet (potential second-person singular)
lüpsäkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
lüpseici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
lüpsäni (potential singular third-person)
lüpsäkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
lüpsäkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
lüpseicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
lüpseicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
lüpsänemek (first-person plural potential)
lüpsänemäk (first-person plural potential)
lüpsäkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
lüpsäkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
lüpseicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
lüpseicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
lüpsänedek (plural potential second-person)
lüpsänedäk (plural potential second-person)
lüpsäkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
lüpseici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
lüpsäni (plural potential third-person)
lüpsädäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
lüpsät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
lüpsädicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
lüpsätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
lüpsädänehen (passive potential)
lüpsättänehen (passive potential)
lüpsäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
lüpseicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
lüpsänek (connegative potential)
lüpsädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lüpsät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lüpsädicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
lüpsätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
lüpsädänek (connegative passive potential)
lüpsättänek (connegative passive potential)
lüpsädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
lüpsäbä (active participle present)
lüpsädäpä (participle passive present)
lüpsättäpä (participle passive present)
lüpsäde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
lüpsänüt (active participle past)
lüpsädü (participle passive past)
lüpsättü (participle passive past)
lüpsämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
lüpsäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: lüpsma/lüpsta

Finnish: lypsää

Ingrian: lypsää

Karelian:

North Karelian: lypšyä

South Karelian: lypšiä

Livonian: lipšõ

Livvi: lypsiä

Ludian: lüpsädä

Veps: lüpsta

Võro: nüsmä/nüssäq

Votic: lühsä

From Proto-Finno-Permic *lüpsä-. Cognate with Proto-Mordvinic *luwcə̑.


niittädäk

niittä- (stem)
niit'än (first-person present singular)
niit'ein (first-person past singular)
niittägon (first-person optative singular)
niit'ät (present second-person singular)
niit'eit (past second-person singular)
niit'äk (imperative second-person singular)
niittägos (optative second-person singular)
niittäbi (present singular third-person)
niittä (present singular third-person)
niittei (past singular third-person)
niittägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
niittägosen (optative singular third-person)
niit'äkmek (first-person plural present)
niit'äkmäk (first-person plural present)
niitteimek (first-person past plural)
niitteimäk (first-person past plural)
niittägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
niittägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
niittägotemek (first-person optative plural)
niittägotämäk (first-person optative plural)
niit'äktek (plural present second-person)
niit'äktäk (plural present second-person)
niitteidek (past plural second-person)
niitteidäk (past plural second-person)
niittägäte (imperative plural second-person)
niittägätä (imperative plural second-person)
niittägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
niittägotädäk (optative plural second-person)
niittäbät (plural present third-person)
niittä (plural present third-person)
niittei (past plural third-person)
niittägäsen (imperative plural third-person)
niittägosen (optative plural third-person)
niit'äksen (passive present)
niit'ät'äksen (passive present)
niittädisen (passive past)
niit'ättisen (passive past)
niittädäkähen (imperative passive)
niit'ättäkähen (imperative passive)
niittädäkohen (optative passive)
niit'ättäkohen (optative passive)
niit'äk (connegative present)
niittägäk (connegative imperative)
niittägok (connegative optative)
niit'äktäk (connegative passive present)
niittädägäk (connegative imperative passive)
niit'ättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
niittädägok (connegative optative passive)
niit'ättägok (connegative optative passive)
niit'äkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
niitteicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
niittänen (first-person potential singular)
niit'äkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
niitteicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
niittänet (potential second-person singular)
niit'äkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
niitteici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
niittäni (potential singular third-person)
niit'äkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
niit'äkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
niitteicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
niitteicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
niittänemek (first-person plural potential)
niittänemäk (first-person plural potential)
niit'äkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
niit'äkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
niitteicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
niitteicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
niittänedek (plural potential second-person)
niittänedäk (plural potential second-person)
niit'äkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
niitteici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
niittäni (plural potential third-person)
niittädäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
niit'ät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
niittädicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
niit'ätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
niittädänehen (passive potential)
niit'ättänehen (passive potential)
niit'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
niitteicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
niittänek (connegative potential)
niittädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
niit'ät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
niittädicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
niit'ätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
niittädänek (connegative passive potential)
niit'ättänek (connegative passive potential)
niittädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
niittäbä (active participle present)
niittädäpä (participle passive present)
niit'ättäpä (participle passive present)
niittäde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
niittänüt (active participle past)
niittädü (participle passive past)
niit'ättü (participle passive past)
niittämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
niittäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: niitma/niita

Finnish: niittää

Ingrian: niittää

Karelian:

North Karelian: niittyä

South Karelian: niittiä

Livonian: nītõ

Livvi: niittiä

Ludian: niittädä

Veps: nitta

Võro: niitmä/niitäq

Votic: niittä

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *snīþaną + *-ttädäk.


tävü

tävü (nominative singular)
tävüt (nominative plural)
tävün (accusative singular)
tävüt (accusative plural)
tävün (genitive singular)
tävüden (genitive plural)
tävüiden (genitive plural)
tävüdä (partitive singular)
tävüidä (partitive plural)
tävüssä (inessive singular)
tävühnä (inessive singular)
tävüissä (inessive plural)
tävüihnä (inessive plural)
tävüstä (elative singular)
tävüistä (elative plural)
tävühen (illative singular)
tävüihen (illative plural)
tävüllä (adessive singular)
tävüillä (adessive plural)
tävültä (ablative singular)
tävüiltä (ablative plural)
tävülen (allative singular)
tävülek (allative singular)
tävüilen (allative plural)
tävüilek (allative plural)
tävünä (essive singular)
tävüinä (essive plural)
tävüksi (singular translative)
tävüiksi (plural translative)
tävün (instructive singular)
tävüin (instructive plural)
tävünek (comitative singular)
tävüinek (comitative plural)
tävüttä (abessive singular)
tävüittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: (dialectal) tävi, tähi

Finnish: (obsolete) tävy

Livonian: tä’v

Veps: tävu

Võro: täü, tävv

Votic: (Kattila) tävü


përna

përna (nominative singular)
përnat (nominative plural)
përnan (accusative singular)
përnat (accusative plural)
përnan (genitive singular)
përnadën (genitive plural)
përnoidën (genitive plural)
përnada (partitive singular)
përnoida (partitive plural)
përnassa (inessive singular)
përnahna (inessive singular)
përnoissa (inessive plural)
përnoihna (inessive plural)
përnasta (elative singular)
përnoista (elative plural)
përnahën (illative singular)
përnoihën (illative plural)
përnalla (adessive singular)
përnoilla (adessive plural)
përnalta (ablative singular)
përnoilta (ablative plural)
përnalën (allative singular)
përnalëk (allative singular)
përnoilën (allative plural)
përnoilëk (allative plural)
përnana (essive singular)
përnoina (essive plural)
përnaksi (singular translative)
përnoiksi (plural translative)
përnan (instructive singular)
përnoin (instructive plural)
përnanëk (comitative singular)
përnoinëk (comitative plural)
përnatta (abessive singular)
përnoitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: põrn

Finnish: perna

Ingrian: perna, perta

Karelian: pärnä

Livonian: pȭrna

Livvi: pärny

Ludian: pärn

Veps: pärm

Võro: põrn

Votic: põrnõ

Possibly from Indo-Iranian language, compare Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥 (spər^əzan).


oksëntadak

oksënta- (stem)
oksëndan (first-person present singular)
oksëndoin (first-person past singular)
oksëntagon (first-person optative singular)
oksëndat (present second-person singular)
oksëndoit (past second-person singular)
oksëndak (imperative second-person singular)
oksëntagos (optative second-person singular)
oksëntapi (present singular third-person)
oksënta (present singular third-person)
oksëntoi (past singular third-person)
oksëntakahën (imperative singular third-person)
oksëntakohën (optative singular third-person)
oksëndakmëk (first-person plural present)
oksëndakmak (first-person plural present)
oksëntoimëk (first-person past plural)
oksëntoimak (first-person past plural)
oksëntakadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
oksëntakadamak (first-person imperative plural)
oksëntakodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
oksëntakodamak (first-person optative plural)
oksëndaktëk (plural present second-person)
oksëndaktak (plural present second-person)
oksëntoidëk (past plural second-person)
oksëntoidak (past plural second-person)
oksëntakadë (imperative plural second-person)
oksëntakada (imperative plural second-person)
oksëntagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
oksëntakodadak (optative plural second-person)
oksëntabat (plural present third-person)
oksënta (plural present third-person)
oksëntoi (past plural third-person)
oksëntakahën (imperative plural third-person)
oksëntakohën (optative plural third-person)
oksëndaksën (passive present)
oksëndat'aksën (passive present)
oksëntatihën (passive past)
oksëndattihën (passive past)
oksëntatagasën (imperative passive)
oksëndattagasën (imperative passive)
oksëntatagosën (optative passive)
oksëndattagosën (optative passive)
oksëndak (connegative present)
oksëntagak (connegative imperative)
oksëntagok (connegative optative)
oksëndaktak (connegative passive present)
oksëntatagak (connegative imperative passive)
oksëndattagak (connegative imperative passive)
oksëntatagok (connegative optative passive)
oksëndattagok (connegative optative passive)
oksëndakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
oksëntoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
oksëntanën (first-person potential singular)
oksëndakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
oksëntoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
oksëntanët (potential second-person singular)
oksëndakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
oksëntoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
oksëntani (potential singular third-person)
oksëndakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
oksëndakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
oksëntoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
oksëntoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
oksëntanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
oksëntanëmak (first-person plural potential)
oksëndakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
oksëndakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
oksëntoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
oksëntoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
oksëntanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
oksëntanëdak (plural potential second-person)
oksëndakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
oksëntoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
oksëntani (plural potential third-person)
oksëntadakcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
oksëndat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
oksëntaticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
oksëndatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
oksëntatanësën (passive potential)
oksëndattanësën (passive potential)
oksëndakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
oksëntoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
oksëntanëk (connegative potential)
oksëntadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
oksëndat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
oksëntaticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
oksëndatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
oksëntatanëk (connegative passive potential)
oksëndattanëk (connegative passive potential)
oksëntadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
oksëntapa (active participle present)
oksëntataba (participle passive present)
oksëndattaba (participle passive present)
oksëntatë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
oksëntanut (active participle past)
oksëntatu (participle passive past)
oksëndattu (participle passive past)
oksëntama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
oksëntaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: oksendama/oksendada

Finnish: oksentaa

Ingrian: oksentaa

Karelian:

North Karelian: okšentua

South Karelian: okšendua

Livonian: oksnõ

Livvi: oksendua

Ludian: okseta

Veps: okseta

Võro: ossõndama/ossõndaq

Votic: õhsõtõ, õhsõnta

From Proto-Finno-Permic *okse- + *-ntadak. Cognates include Proto-Samic *vuoksētēk and Komi-Permyak восны (vosny).


salaga

salaga (nominative singular)
salagat (nominative plural)
salagan (accusative singular)
salagat (accusative plural)
salagan (genitive singular)
salagadën (genitive plural)
salagoidën (genitive plural)
salagata (partitive singular)
salagoita (partitive plural)
salagassa (inessive singular)
salagahna (inessive singular)
salagoissa (inessive plural)
salagoihna (inessive plural)
salagasta (elative singular)
salagoista (elative plural)
salagasën (illative singular)
salagoisën (illative plural)
salagalla (adessive singular)
salagoilla (adessive plural)
salagalta (ablative singular)
salagoilta (ablative plural)
salagalën (allative singular)
salagalëk (allative singular)
salagoilën (allative plural)
salagoilëk (allative plural)
salagana (essive singular)
salagoina (essive plural)
salagaksi (singular translative)
salagoiksi (plural translative)
salagan (instructive singular)
salagoin (instructive plural)
salaganëk (comitative singular)
salagoinëk (comitative plural)
salagatta (abessive singular)
salagoitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: salava, (dialectal) salaja

Probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *salhô, or less likely derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric *śala.


lëhmus

lëhmus (nominative singular)
lëhmuksët (nominative plural)
lëhmuksën (accusative singular)
lëhmuksët (accusative plural)
lëhmuksën (genitive singular)
lëhmustën (genitive plural)
lëhmuksidën (genitive plural)
lëhmusta (partitive singular)
lëhmuksita (partitive plural)
lëhmuksëssa (inessive singular)
lëhmuksëhna (inessive singular)
lëhmuksissa (inessive plural)
lëhmuksihna (inessive plural)
lëhmuksësta (elative singular)
lëhmuksista (elative plural)
lëhmuksësën (illative singular)
lëhmuksisën (illative plural)
lëhmuksëlla (adessive singular)
lëhmuksilla (adessive plural)
lëhmuksëlta (ablative singular)
lëhmuksilta (ablative plural)
lëhmuksëlën (allative singular)
lëhmuksëlëk (allative singular)
lëhmuksilën (allative plural)
lëhmuksilëk (allative plural)
lëhmussa (essive singular)
lëhmuksina (essive plural)
lëhmuksëksi (singular translative)
lëhmuksiksi (plural translative)
lëhmuksën (instructive singular)
lëhmuksin (instructive plural)
lëhmussëk (comitative singular)
lëhmuksinëk (comitative plural)
lëhmuksëtta (abessive singular)
lëhmuksitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: lõhmus

Finnish: lehmus

Ludian: lehmuz

Veps: lehmuz

Võro: lõhmus

Possibly akin to Erzya левш (ľevš), and Moksha [script needed] (ľevəš, “bast”); perhaps from a common root *lešmV ("soft").


jalaga

jalaga (nominative singular)
jalagat (nominative plural)
jalagan (accusative singular)
jalagat (accusative plural)
jalagan (genitive singular)
jalagadën (genitive plural)
jalagoidën (genitive plural)
jalagata (partitive singular)
jalagoita (partitive plural)
jalagassa (inessive singular)
jalagahna (inessive singular)
jalagoissa (inessive plural)
jalagoihna (inessive plural)
jalagasta (elative singular)
jalagoista (elative plural)
jalagasën (illative singular)
jalagoisën (illative plural)
jalagalla (adessive singular)
jalagoilla (adessive plural)
jalagalta (ablative singular)
jalagoilta (ablative plural)
jalagalën (allative singular)
jalagalëk (allative singular)
jalagoilën (allative plural)
jalagoilëk (allative plural)
jalagana (essive singular)
jalagoina (essive plural)
jalagaksi (singular translative)
jalagoiksi (plural translative)
jalagan (instructive singular)
jalagoin (instructive plural)
jalaganëk (comitative singular)
jalagoinëk (comitative plural)
jalagatta (abessive singular)
jalagoitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: jalakas

Finnish: jalava

Ingrian: jalaja

Ludian: d'alai

Veps: jalam

Võro: jallai

desc

Votic: jalajõ, (Pummala) jalaja, jalaga, (Pummala) jalakka

Kukkuzi: jalakka

Unknown. Possibly borrowed from Proto-Slavic *elьxa, *olьxa (“alder”).


pühkidäk

pühki- (stem)
pühkin (first-person present singular)
pühkejin (first-person past singular)
pühkigon (first-person optative singular)
pühkit (present second-person singular)
pühkejit (past second-person singular)
pühkik (imperative second-person singular)
pühkigos (optative second-person singular)
pühkibi (present singular third-person)
pühki (present singular third-person)
pühkeji (past singular third-person)
pühkigäsen (imperative singular third-person)
pühkigosen (optative singular third-person)
pühkikmek (first-person plural present)
pühkikmäk (first-person plural present)
pühkejimek (first-person past plural)
pühkejimäk (first-person past plural)
pühkigätemek (first-person imperative plural)
pühkigätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
pühkigotemek (first-person optative plural)
pühkigotämäk (first-person optative plural)
pühkiktek (plural present second-person)
pühkiktäk (plural present second-person)
pühkejidek (past plural second-person)
pühkejidäk (past plural second-person)
pühkigäte (imperative plural second-person)
pühkigätä (imperative plural second-person)
pühkigot'ek (optative plural second-person)
pühkigotädäk (optative plural second-person)
pühkibät (plural present third-person)
pühki (plural present third-person)
pühkeji (past plural third-person)
pühkigäsen (imperative plural third-person)
pühkigosen (optative plural third-person)
pühkiksen (passive present)
pühkit'äksen (passive present)
pühkidisen (passive past)
pühkittisen (passive past)
pühkidäkähen (imperative passive)
pühkittäkähen (imperative passive)
pühkidäkohen (optative passive)
pühkittäkohen (optative passive)
pühkik (connegative present)
pühkigäk (connegative imperative)
pühkigok (connegative optative)
pühkiktäk (connegative passive present)
pühkidägäk (connegative imperative passive)
pühkittägäk (connegative imperative passive)
pühkidägok (connegative optative passive)
pühkittägok (connegative optative passive)
pühkikcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
pühkejicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
pühkinen (first-person potential singular)
pühkikcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
pühkejicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
pühkinet (potential second-person singular)
pühkikci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
pühkejici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
pühkini (potential singular third-person)
pühkikcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
pühkikcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
pühkejicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
pühkejicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
pühkinemek (first-person plural potential)
pühkinemäk (first-person plural potential)
pühkikcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
pühkikcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
pühkejicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
pühkejicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
pühkinedek (plural potential second-person)
pühkinedäk (plural potential second-person)
pühkikci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
pühkejici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
pühkini (plural potential third-person)
pühkidäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
pühkit'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
pühkidicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
pühkitticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
pühkidänehen (passive potential)
pühkittänehen (passive potential)
pühkikcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
pühkejicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
pühkinek (connegative potential)
pühkidäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
pühkit'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
pühkidicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
pühkitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
pühkidänek (connegative passive potential)
pühkittänek (connegative passive potential)
pühkidäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
pühkibä (active participle present)
pühkidäpä (participle passive present)
pühkittäpä (participle passive present)
pühkide- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
pühkinüt (active participle past)
pühkidü (participle passive past)
pühkittü (participle passive past)
pühkimä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
pühkiminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: pühkima/pühkida

Finnish: pyyhkiä, (dialectal) pyhkiä

Ingrian: pyyhkiä

Karelian: pyyhkie, pyhkie

Livvi: pyhkie

Ludian: pühkidä

Veps: pühkta

Võro: pühk'mä/pühkiq

Votic: pühtšiä

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *wiskijaną.


vahtëra

vahtëra (nominative singular)
vahtërat (nominative plural)
vahtëran (accusative singular)
vahtërat (accusative plural)
vahtëran (genitive singular)
vahtëradën (genitive plural)
vahtëroidën (genitive plural)
vahtërata (partitive singular)
vahtëroita (partitive plural)
vahtërassa (inessive singular)
vahtërahna (inessive singular)
vahtëroissa (inessive plural)
vahtëroihna (inessive plural)
vahtërasta (elative singular)
vahtëroista (elative plural)
vahtërasën (illative singular)
vahtëroisën (illative plural)
vahtëralla (adessive singular)
vahtëroilla (adessive plural)
vahtëralta (ablative singular)
vahtëroilta (ablative plural)
vahtëralën (allative singular)
vahtëralëk (allative singular)
vahtëroilën (allative plural)
vahtëroilëk (allative plural)
vahtërana (essive singular)
vahtëroina (essive plural)
vahtëraksi (singular translative)
vahtëroiksi (plural translative)
vahtëran (instructive singular)
vahtëroin (instructive plural)
vahtëranëk (comitative singular)
vahtëroinëk (comitative plural)
vahtëratta (abessive singular)
vahtëroitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: vaher

Finnish: vaahtera

Ingrian: vaaheria, vaaher

Karelian: voahteri

Livonian: vō’ḑõr

Veps: vahtaŕ

Votic: vaahtõrõ

From Proto-Finno-Permic *wakštɜra, possibly a substrate word (from the Pre-West Uralic agricultural substrate). Akin to Erzya укштор (ukštor), Moksha уштор (uštor), and Eastern Mari ваштар (vaštar).


ulvodak

ulvo- (stem)
ulvon (first-person present singular)
ulvoin (first-person past singular)
ulvogon (first-person optative singular)
ulvot (present second-person singular)
ulvoit (past second-person singular)
ulvok (imperative second-person singular)
ulvogos (optative second-person singular)
ulvobi (present singular third-person)
ulvo (present singular third-person)
ulvoi (past singular third-person)
ulvogasën (imperative singular third-person)
ulvogosën (optative singular third-person)
ulvokmëk (first-person plural present)
ulvokmak (first-person plural present)
ulvoimëk (first-person past plural)
ulvoimak (first-person past plural)
ulvogatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
ulvogatamak (first-person imperative plural)
ulvogotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
ulvogotamak (first-person optative plural)
ulvoktëk (plural present second-person)
ulvoktak (plural present second-person)
ulvoidëk (past plural second-person)
ulvoidak (past plural second-person)
ulvogatë (imperative plural second-person)
ulvogata (imperative plural second-person)
ulvogot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
ulvogotadak (optative plural second-person)
ulvobat (plural present third-person)
ulvo (plural present third-person)
ulvoi (past plural third-person)
ulvogasën (imperative plural third-person)
ulvogosën (optative plural third-person)
ulvoksën (passive present)
ulvot'aksën (passive present)
ulvodisën (passive past)
ulvottisën (passive past)
ulvodakahën (imperative passive)
ulvottakahën (imperative passive)
ulvodakohën (optative passive)
ulvottakohën (optative passive)
ulvok (connegative present)
ulvogak (connegative imperative)
ulvogok (connegative optative)
ulvoktak (connegative passive present)
ulvodagak (connegative imperative passive)
ulvottagak (connegative imperative passive)
ulvodagok (connegative optative passive)
ulvottagok (connegative optative passive)
ulvokcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
ulvoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
ulvonën (first-person potential singular)
ulvokcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
ulvoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
ulvonët (potential second-person singular)
ulvokci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
ulvoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
ulvoni (potential singular third-person)
ulvokcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
ulvokcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
ulvoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
ulvoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
ulvonëmëk (first-person plural potential)
ulvonëmak (first-person plural potential)
ulvokcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
ulvokcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
ulvoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
ulvoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
ulvonëdëk (plural potential second-person)
ulvonëdak (plural potential second-person)
ulvokci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
ulvoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
ulvoni (plural potential third-person)
ulvodakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
ulvot'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
ulvodicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
ulvotticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
ulvodanëhën (passive potential)
ulvottanëhën (passive potential)
ulvokcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
ulvoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
ulvonëk (connegative potential)
ulvodakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
ulvot'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
ulvodicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
ulvotticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
ulvodanëk (connegative passive potential)
ulvottanëk (connegative passive potential)
ulvodak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
ulvoba (active participle present)
ulvodapa (participle passive present)
ulvottapa (participle passive present)
ulvodë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
ulvonut (active participle past)
ulvodu (participle passive past)
ulvottu (participle passive past)
ulvoma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
ulvominen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: uluma/uluda

Finnish: ulvoa

Ingrian: ulvoa

Karelian: ulvuo

Livonian: u’llõ

Livvi: ulvuo

Ludian: ulvada

Votic: ulvoa

? → Proto-Samic: *(h)olvōtēk


ahtëra

ahtëra (nominative singular)
ahtërat (nominative plural)
ahtëran (accusative singular)
ahtërat (accusative plural)
ahtëran (genitive singular)
ahtëradën (genitive plural)
ahtëroidën (genitive plural)
ahtërata (partitive singular)
ahtëroita (partitive plural)
ahtërassa (inessive singular)
ahtërahna (inessive singular)
ahtëroissa (inessive plural)
ahtëroihna (inessive plural)
ahtërasta (elative singular)
ahtëroista (elative plural)
ahtërasën (illative singular)
ahtëroisën (illative plural)
ahtëralla (adessive singular)
ahtëroilla (adessive plural)
ahtëralta (ablative singular)
ahtëroilta (ablative plural)
ahtëralën (allative singular)
ahtëralëk (allative singular)
ahtëroilën (allative plural)
ahtëroilëk (allative plural)
ahtërana (essive singular)
ahtëroina (essive plural)
ahtëraksi (singular translative)
ahtëroiksi (plural translative)
ahtëran (instructive singular)
ahtëroin (instructive plural)
ahtëranëk (comitative singular)
ahtëroinëk (comitative plural)
ahtëratta (abessive singular)
ahtëroitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: aher

Finnish: (dialectal) ahtera

Livonian: ǭ’dõrz

Võro: aher

Votic: (Kattila, Mati) ahõr, (Pummala) ahtõra

Possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *akšterɜ. In any case potentially borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?] (compare Sanskrit अक्षेत्र (ákṣetra, “destitute of fields, uncultivated”)).


haukkudak

haukku- (stem)
hauk'un (first-person present singular)
hauk'uin (first-person past singular)
haukkugon (first-person optative singular)
hauk'ut (present second-person singular)
hauk'uit (past second-person singular)
hauk'uk (imperative second-person singular)
haukkugos (optative second-person singular)
haukkubi (present singular third-person)
haukku (present singular third-person)
haukkui (past singular third-person)
haukkugasën (imperative singular third-person)
haukkugosën (optative singular third-person)
hauk'ukmëk (first-person plural present)
hauk'ukmak (first-person plural present)
haukkuimëk (first-person past plural)
haukkuimak (first-person past plural)
haukkugatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
haukkugatamak (first-person imperative plural)
haukkugotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
haukkugotamak (first-person optative plural)
hauk'uktëk (plural present second-person)
hauk'uktak (plural present second-person)
haukkuidëk (past plural second-person)
haukkuidak (past plural second-person)
haukkugatë (imperative plural second-person)
haukkugata (imperative plural second-person)
haukkugot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
haukkugotadak (optative plural second-person)
haukkubat (plural present third-person)
haukku (plural present third-person)
haukkui (past plural third-person)
haukkugasën (imperative plural third-person)
haukkugosën (optative plural third-person)
hauk'uksën (passive present)
hauk'ut'aksën (passive present)
haukkudisën (passive past)
hauk'uttisën (passive past)
haukkudakahën (imperative passive)
hauk'uttakahën (imperative passive)
haukkudakohën (optative passive)
hauk'uttakohën (optative passive)
hauk'uk (connegative present)
haukkugak (connegative imperative)
haukkugok (connegative optative)
hauk'uktak (connegative passive present)
haukkudagak (connegative imperative passive)
hauk'uttagak (connegative imperative passive)
haukkudagok (connegative optative passive)
hauk'uttagok (connegative optative passive)
hauk'ukcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
haukkuicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
haukkunën (first-person potential singular)
hauk'ukcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
haukkuicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
haukkunët (potential second-person singular)
hauk'ukci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
haukkuici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
haukkuni (potential singular third-person)
hauk'ukcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
hauk'ukcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
haukkuicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
haukkuicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
haukkunëmëk (first-person plural potential)
haukkunëmak (first-person plural potential)
hauk'ukcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
hauk'ukcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
haukkuicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
haukkuicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
haukkunëdëk (plural potential second-person)
haukkunëdak (plural potential second-person)
hauk'ukci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
haukkuici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
haukkuni (plural potential third-person)
haukkudakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
hauk'ut'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
haukkudicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
hauk'utticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
haukkudanëhën (passive potential)
hauk'uttanëhën (passive potential)
hauk'ukcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
haukkuicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
haukkunëk (connegative potential)
haukkudakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
hauk'ut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
haukkudicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
hauk'utticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
haukkudanëk (connegative passive potential)
hauk'uttanëk (connegative passive potential)
haukkudak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
haukkuba (active participle present)
haukkudapa (participle passive present)
hauk'uttapa (participle passive present)
haukkudë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
haukkunut (active participle past)
haukkudu (participle passive past)
hauk'uttu (participle passive past)
haukkuma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
haukkuminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: haukuma/haukuda

Finnish: haukkua

Ingrian: haukkua

Karelian: haukkuo

Livvi: haukkuo

Ludian: haukkuda

Veps: haukkuda

Võro: haukma/haukuq

Votic: (Kattila) aukkua

Onomatopoeic. Borrowing from Baltic (compare Latvian saukt and Lithuanian šaukti) is less likely.


puhtas

puhtas (nominative singular)
puhtahët (nominative plural)
puhtahën (accusative singular)
puhtahët (accusative plural)
puhtahën (genitive singular)
puhtastën (genitive plural)
puhtahidën (genitive plural)
puhtasta (partitive singular)
puhtahita (partitive plural)
puhtahëssa (inessive singular)
puhtahëhna (inessive singular)
puhtahissa (inessive plural)
puhtahihna (inessive plural)
puhtahësta (elative singular)
puhtahista (elative plural)
puhtahësën (illative singular)
puhtahisën (illative plural)
puhtahëlla (adessive singular)
puhtahilla (adessive plural)
puhtahëlta (ablative singular)
puhtahilta (ablative plural)
puhtahëlën (allative singular)
puhtahëlëk (allative singular)
puhtahilën (allative plural)
puhtahilëk (allative plural)
puhtassa (essive singular)
puhtahina (essive plural)
puhtahëksi (singular translative)
puhtahiksi (plural translative)
puhtahën (instructive singular)
puhtahin (instructive plural)
puhtassëk (comitative singular)
puhtahinëk (comitative plural)
puhtahëtta (abessive singular)
puhtahitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: puhas

Finnish: puhdas

→ Northern Sami: buhtis

Ingrian: puhas

Karelian: puhaš

Livonian: pū’dõz

Livvi: puhtas

Ludian: puhtaz

Veps: puhtaz

Võro: puhas

Votic: puhaz

Probably borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *puHtás, from Proto-Indo-European *puHtós, from *pewH-.


püsüdäk

püsü- (stem)
püsün (first-person present singular)
püsüin (first-person past singular)
püsügon (first-person optative singular)
püsüt (present second-person singular)
püsüit (past second-person singular)
püsük (imperative second-person singular)
püsügos (optative second-person singular)
püsübi (present singular third-person)
püsü (present singular third-person)
püsüi (past singular third-person)
püsügäsen (imperative singular third-person)
püsügosen (optative singular third-person)
püsükmek (first-person plural present)
püsükmäk (first-person plural present)
püsüimek (first-person past plural)
püsüimäk (first-person past plural)
püsügätemek (first-person imperative plural)
püsügätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
püsügotemek (first-person optative plural)
püsügotämäk (first-person optative plural)
püsüktek (plural present second-person)
püsüktäk (plural present second-person)
püsüidek (past plural second-person)
püsüidäk (past plural second-person)
püsügäte (imperative plural second-person)
püsügätä (imperative plural second-person)
püsügot'ek (optative plural second-person)
püsügotädäk (optative plural second-person)
püsübät (plural present third-person)
püsü (plural present third-person)
püsüi (past plural third-person)
püsügäsen (imperative plural third-person)
püsügosen (optative plural third-person)
püsüksen (passive present)
püsüt'äksen (passive present)
püsüdisen (passive past)
püsüttisen (passive past)
püsüdäkähen (imperative passive)
püsüttäkähen (imperative passive)
püsüdäkohen (optative passive)
püsüttäkohen (optative passive)
püsük (connegative present)
püsügäk (connegative imperative)
püsügok (connegative optative)
püsüktäk (connegative passive present)
püsüdägäk (connegative imperative passive)
püsüttägäk (connegative imperative passive)
püsüdägok (connegative optative passive)
püsüttägok (connegative optative passive)
püsükcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
püsüicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
püsünen (first-person potential singular)
püsükcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
püsüicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
püsünet (potential second-person singular)
püsükci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
püsüici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
püsüni (potential singular third-person)
püsükcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
püsükcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
püsüicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
püsüicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
püsünemek (first-person plural potential)
püsünemäk (first-person plural potential)
püsükcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
püsükcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
püsüicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
püsüicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
püsünedek (plural potential second-person)
püsünedäk (plural potential second-person)
püsükci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
püsüici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
püsüni (plural potential third-person)
püsüdäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
püsüt'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
püsüdicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
püsütticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
püsüdänehen (passive potential)
püsüttänehen (passive potential)
püsükcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
püsüicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
püsünek (connegative potential)
püsüdäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
püsüt'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
püsüdicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
püsütticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
püsüdänek (connegative passive potential)
püsüttänek (connegative passive potential)
püsüdäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
püsübä (active participle present)
püsüdäpä (participle passive present)
püsüttäpä (participle passive present)
püsüde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
püsünüt (active participle past)
püsüdü (participle passive past)
püsüttü (participle passive past)
püsümä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
püsüminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: püsima/püsida

Finnish: pysyä

Livvi: pysyö

Ludian: püzüdä

Veps: püžuda

Võro: püsümä/püssüq

Votic: (Kattila) püsüä


venüdäk

venü- (stem)
venün (first-person present singular)
venüin (first-person past singular)
venügon (first-person optative singular)
venüt (present second-person singular)
venüit (past second-person singular)
venük (imperative second-person singular)
venügos (optative second-person singular)
venübi (present singular third-person)
venü (present singular third-person)
venüi (past singular third-person)
venügäsen (imperative singular third-person)
venügosen (optative singular third-person)
venükmek (first-person plural present)
venükmäk (first-person plural present)
venüimek (first-person past plural)
venüimäk (first-person past plural)
venügätemek (first-person imperative plural)
venügätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
venügotemek (first-person optative plural)
venügotämäk (first-person optative plural)
venüktek (plural present second-person)
venüktäk (plural present second-person)
venüidek (past plural second-person)
venüidäk (past plural second-person)
venügäte (imperative plural second-person)
venügätä (imperative plural second-person)
venügot'ek (optative plural second-person)
venügotädäk (optative plural second-person)
venübät (plural present third-person)
venü (plural present third-person)
venüi (past plural third-person)
venügäsen (imperative plural third-person)
venügosen (optative plural third-person)
venüksen (passive present)
venüt'äksen (passive present)
venüdisen (passive past)
venüttisen (passive past)
venüdäkähen (imperative passive)
venüttäkähen (imperative passive)
venüdäkohen (optative passive)
venüttäkohen (optative passive)
venük (connegative present)
venügäk (connegative imperative)
venügok (connegative optative)
venüktäk (connegative passive present)
venüdägäk (connegative imperative passive)
venüttägäk (connegative imperative passive)
venüdägok (connegative optative passive)
venüttägok (connegative optative passive)
venükcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
venüicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
venünen (first-person potential singular)
venükcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
venüicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
venünet (potential second-person singular)
venükci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
venüici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
venüni (potential singular third-person)
venükcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
venükcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
venüicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
venüicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
venünemek (first-person plural potential)
venünemäk (first-person plural potential)
venükcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
venükcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
venüicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
venüicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
venünedek (plural potential second-person)
venünedäk (plural potential second-person)
venükci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
venüici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
venüni (plural potential third-person)
venüdäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
venüt'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
venüdicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
venütticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
venüdänehen (passive potential)
venüttänehen (passive potential)
venükcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
venüicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
venünek (connegative potential)
venüdäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
venüt'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
venüdicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
venütticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
venüdänek (connegative passive potential)
venüttänek (connegative passive potential)
venüdäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
venübä (active participle present)
venüdäpä (participle passive present)
venüttäpä (participle passive present)
venüde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
venünüt (active participle past)
venüdü (participle passive past)
venüttü (participle passive past)
venümä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
venüminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: venima/venida

Finnish: venyä

Karelian: venyö

Livonian: vie’nnõ

Livvi: vönyö, venyö

Võro: vinnümä, vinümä

Votic: vennüä

Ingrian: vennua

Veps: venuda

From Proto-Finno-Permic *wene-. Cognate with Proto-Samic *vënëtēk.


väsüdäk

väsü- (stem)
väsün (first-person present singular)
väsüin (first-person past singular)
väsügon (first-person optative singular)
väsüt (present second-person singular)
väsüit (past second-person singular)
väsük (imperative second-person singular)
väsügos (optative second-person singular)
väsübi (present singular third-person)
väsü (present singular third-person)
väsüi (past singular third-person)
väsügäsen (imperative singular third-person)
väsügosen (optative singular third-person)
väsükmek (first-person plural present)
väsükmäk (first-person plural present)
väsüimek (first-person past plural)
väsüimäk (first-person past plural)
väsügätemek (first-person imperative plural)
väsügätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
väsügotemek (first-person optative plural)
väsügotämäk (first-person optative plural)
väsüktek (plural present second-person)
väsüktäk (plural present second-person)
väsüidek (past plural second-person)
väsüidäk (past plural second-person)
väsügäte (imperative plural second-person)
väsügätä (imperative plural second-person)
väsügot'ek (optative plural second-person)
väsügotädäk (optative plural second-person)
väsübät (plural present third-person)
väsü (plural present third-person)
väsüi (past plural third-person)
väsügäsen (imperative plural third-person)
väsügosen (optative plural third-person)
väsüksen (passive present)
väsüt'äksen (passive present)
väsüdisen (passive past)
väsüttisen (passive past)
väsüdäkähen (imperative passive)
väsüttäkähen (imperative passive)
väsüdäkohen (optative passive)
väsüttäkohen (optative passive)
väsük (connegative present)
väsügäk (connegative imperative)
väsügok (connegative optative)
väsüktäk (connegative passive present)
väsüdägäk (connegative imperative passive)
väsüttägäk (connegative imperative passive)
väsüdägok (connegative optative passive)
väsüttägok (connegative optative passive)
väsükcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
väsüicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
väsünen (first-person potential singular)
väsükcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
väsüicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
väsünet (potential second-person singular)
väsükci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
väsüici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
väsüni (potential singular third-person)
väsükcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
väsükcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
väsüicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
väsüicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
väsünemek (first-person plural potential)
väsünemäk (first-person plural potential)
väsükcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
väsükcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
väsüicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
väsüicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
väsünedek (plural potential second-person)
väsünedäk (plural potential second-person)
väsükci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
väsüici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
väsüni (plural potential third-person)
väsüdäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
väsüt'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
väsüdicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
väsütticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
väsüdänehen (passive potential)
väsüttänehen (passive potential)
väsükcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
väsüicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
väsünek (connegative potential)
väsüdäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
väsüt'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
väsüdicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
väsütticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
väsüdänek (connegative passive potential)
väsüttänek (connegative passive potential)
väsüdäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
väsübä (active participle present)
väsüdäpä (participle passive present)
väsüttäpä (participle passive present)
väsüde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
väsünüt (active participle past)
väsüdü (participle passive past)
väsüttü (participle passive past)
väsümä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
väsüminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: väsima/väsida

Finnish: väsyä

Ingrian: vässyä

Karelian: väsyö, väzyö

Livonian: vä’zzõ

Livvi: väzyö

Ludian: väzüdä

Veps: väzuda

Võro: väsümä/vässüq

Votic: vässüä

Most likely from Proto-Finno-Permic *wäśä-(w-) (compare Komi-Permyak висьны (viśny), Udmurt висьыны (viśyny)). Cognate with Proto-Samic *viesëtēk. Alternatively possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic [Term?], compare Old Norse vás (“toil, fatigue, from bad weather”), væstr (“worn out by wet and toil”) and Icelandic væsa.


kärcidäk

kärci- (stem)
kärcin (first-person present singular)
kärcejin (first-person past singular)
kärcigon (first-person optative singular)
kärcit (present second-person singular)
kärcejit (past second-person singular)
kärcik (imperative second-person singular)
kärcigos (optative second-person singular)
kärcibi (present singular third-person)
kärci (present singular third-person)
kärceji (past singular third-person)
kärcigäsen (imperative singular third-person)
kärcigosen (optative singular third-person)
kärcikmek (first-person plural present)
kärcikmäk (first-person plural present)
kärcejimek (first-person past plural)
kärcejimäk (first-person past plural)
kärcigätemek (first-person imperative plural)
kärcigätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
kärcigotemek (first-person optative plural)
kärcigotämäk (first-person optative plural)
kärciktek (plural present second-person)
kärciktäk (plural present second-person)
kärcejidek (past plural second-person)
kärcejidäk (past plural second-person)
kärcigäte (imperative plural second-person)
kärcigätä (imperative plural second-person)
kärcigot'ek (optative plural second-person)
kärcigotädäk (optative plural second-person)
kärcibät (plural present third-person)
kärci (plural present third-person)
kärceji (past plural third-person)
kärcigäsen (imperative plural third-person)
kärcigosen (optative plural third-person)
kärciksen (passive present)
kärcit'äksen (passive present)
kärcidisen (passive past)
kärcittisen (passive past)
kärcidäkähen (imperative passive)
kärcittäkähen (imperative passive)
kärcidäkohen (optative passive)
kärcittäkohen (optative passive)
kärcik (connegative present)
kärcigäk (connegative imperative)
kärcigok (connegative optative)
kärciktäk (connegative passive present)
kärcidägäk (connegative imperative passive)
kärcittägäk (connegative imperative passive)
kärcidägok (connegative optative passive)
kärcittägok (connegative optative passive)
kärcikcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
kärcejicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
kärcinen (first-person potential singular)
kärcikcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
kärcejicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
kärcinet (potential second-person singular)
kärcikci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
kärcejici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
kärcini (potential singular third-person)
kärcikcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kärcikcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
kärcejicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kärcejicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
kärcinemek (first-person plural potential)
kärcinemäk (first-person plural potential)
kärcikcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kärcikcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
kärcejicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kärcejicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
kärcinedek (plural potential second-person)
kärcinedäk (plural potential second-person)
kärcikci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
kärcejici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
kärcini (plural potential third-person)
kärcidäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
kärcit'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
kärcidicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kärcitticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kärcidänehen (passive potential)
kärcittänehen (passive potential)
kärcikcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
kärcejicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
kärcinek (connegative potential)
kärcidäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kärcit'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
kärcidicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kärcitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kärcidänek (connegative passive potential)
kärcittänek (connegative passive potential)
kärcidäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
kärcibä (active participle present)
kärcidäpä (participle passive present)
kärcittäpä (participle passive present)
kärcide- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
kärcinüt (active participle past)
kärcidü (participle passive past)
kärcittü (participle passive past)
kärcimä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
kärciminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: kärsima/kärsida

Finnish: kärsiä

Ingrian: kärsiä

Karelian: kärsie

Veps: kärzida

Võro: kärs'mä/kärsiq

Votic: (Mati) tšärsiä

From earlier *kärtitäk, probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hardijaną. Alternatively and less likely from Proto-Finno-Permic *kärte- (compare Erzya кирдемс (kirďems, “to hold, endure”)), but this etymology is probably irregular. Cognate with Proto-Samic *kiertëtēk.


siledä

siledä (nominative singular)
siledät (nominative plural)
siledän (accusative singular)
siledät (accusative plural)
siledän (genitive singular)
siledäden (genitive plural)
siledeiden (genitive plural)
siledätä (partitive singular)
siledeitä (partitive plural)
siledässä (inessive singular)
siledähnä (inessive singular)
siledeissä (inessive plural)
siledeihnä (inessive plural)
siledästä (elative singular)
siledeistä (elative plural)
siledäsen (illative singular)
siledeisen (illative plural)
siledällä (adessive singular)
siledeillä (adessive plural)
siledältä (ablative singular)
siledeiltä (ablative plural)
siledälen (allative singular)
siledälek (allative singular)
siledeilen (allative plural)
siledeilek (allative plural)
siledänä (essive singular)
siledeinä (essive plural)
siledäksi (singular translative)
siledeiksi (plural translative)
siledän (instructive singular)
siledein (instructive plural)
siledänek (comitative singular)
siledeinek (comitative plural)
siledättä (abessive singular)
siledeittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: sile

Finnish: sileä

Ingrian: silliiä

Karelian:

North Karelian: silie

South Karelian: silie

Livvi: silei

Ludian: siled

Veps: siled

Võro: sille

Votic: (Jõgõperä) silliä

→ Proto-Samic: *šëlëtē (see there for further descendants)

*sile- + *-edä. Related to Proto-Samic *čëlëtēk.


patvi

patvi (nominative singular)
patvët (nominative plural)
patvën (accusative singular)
patvët (accusative plural)
patvën (genitive singular)
patvëdën (genitive plural)
patvidën (genitive plural)
patvëda (partitive singular)
patvida (partitive plural)
patvëssa (inessive singular)
patvëhna (inessive singular)
patvissa (inessive plural)
patvihna (inessive plural)
patvësta (elative singular)
patvista (elative plural)
patvëhën (illative singular)
patvihën (illative plural)
patvëlla (adessive singular)
patvilla (adessive plural)
patvëlta (ablative singular)
patvilta (ablative plural)
patvëlën (allative singular)
patvëlëk (allative singular)
patvilën (allative plural)
patvilëk (allative plural)
patvëna (essive singular)
patvina (essive plural)
patvëksi (singular translative)
patviksi (plural translative)
patvën (instructive singular)
patvin (instructive plural)
patvënëk (comitative singular)
patvinëk (comitative plural)
patvëtta (abessive singular)
patvitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: patvi

Karelian:

North Karelian: patvi

South Karelian: padvi

Livvi: padvi

Ludian: padv

Veps: padv

Unknown, but related to Proto-Samic *pāδvë; possibly borrowed in either direction.


vant'us

vant'us (nominative singular)
vanttuhët (nominative plural)
vanttuhën (accusative singular)
vanttuhët (accusative plural)
vanttuhën (genitive singular)
vant'ustën (genitive plural)
vanttuhidën (genitive plural)
vant'usta (partitive singular)
vanttuhita (partitive plural)
vanttuhëssa (inessive singular)
vanttuhëhna (inessive singular)
vanttuhissa (inessive plural)
vanttuhihna (inessive plural)
vanttuhësta (elative singular)
vanttuhista (elative plural)
vanttuhësën (illative singular)
vanttuhisën (illative plural)
vanttuhëlla (adessive singular)
vanttuhilla (adessive plural)
vanttuhëlta (ablative singular)
vanttuhilta (ablative plural)
vanttuhëlën (allative singular)
vanttuhëlëk (allative singular)
vanttuhilën (allative plural)
vanttuhilëk (allative plural)
vant'ussa (essive singular)
vanttuhina (essive plural)
vanttuhëksi (singular translative)
vanttuhiksi (plural translative)
vanttuhën (instructive singular)
vanttuhin (instructive plural)
vant'ussëk (comitative singular)
vanttuhinëk (comitative plural)
vanttuhëtta (abessive singular)
vanttuhitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: vantus

Karelian:

North Karelian: vantus


eksüdäk

eksü- (stem)
eksün (first-person present singular)
eksüin (first-person past singular)
eksügon (first-person optative singular)
eksüt (present second-person singular)
eksüit (past second-person singular)
eksük (imperative second-person singular)
eksügos (optative second-person singular)
eksübi (present singular third-person)
eksü (present singular third-person)
eksüi (past singular third-person)
eksügäsen (imperative singular third-person)
eksügosen (optative singular third-person)
eksükmek (first-person plural present)
eksükmäk (first-person plural present)
eksüimek (first-person past plural)
eksüimäk (first-person past plural)
eksügätemek (first-person imperative plural)
eksügätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
eksügotemek (first-person optative plural)
eksügotämäk (first-person optative plural)
eksüktek (plural present second-person)
eksüktäk (plural present second-person)
eksüidek (past plural second-person)
eksüidäk (past plural second-person)
eksügäte (imperative plural second-person)
eksügätä (imperative plural second-person)
eksügot'ek (optative plural second-person)
eksügotädäk (optative plural second-person)
eksübät (plural present third-person)
eksü (plural present third-person)
eksüi (past plural third-person)
eksügäsen (imperative plural third-person)
eksügosen (optative plural third-person)
eksüksen (passive present)
eksüt'äksen (passive present)
eksüdisen (passive past)
eksüttisen (passive past)
eksüdäkähen (imperative passive)
eksüttäkähen (imperative passive)
eksüdäkohen (optative passive)
eksüttäkohen (optative passive)
eksük (connegative present)
eksügäk (connegative imperative)
eksügok (connegative optative)
eksüktäk (connegative passive present)
eksüdägäk (connegative imperative passive)
eksüttägäk (connegative imperative passive)
eksüdägok (connegative optative passive)
eksüttägok (connegative optative passive)
eksükcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
eksüicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
eksünen (first-person potential singular)
eksükcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
eksüicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
eksünet (potential second-person singular)
eksükci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
eksüici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
eksüni (potential singular third-person)
eksükcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
eksükcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
eksüicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
eksüicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
eksünemek (first-person plural potential)
eksünemäk (first-person plural potential)
eksükcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
eksükcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
eksüicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
eksüicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
eksünedek (plural potential second-person)
eksünedäk (plural potential second-person)
eksükci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
eksüici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
eksüni (plural potential third-person)
eksüdäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
eksüt'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
eksüdicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
eksütticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
eksüdänehen (passive potential)
eksüttänehen (passive potential)
eksükcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
eksüicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
eksünek (connegative potential)
eksüdäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
eksüt'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
eksüdicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
eksütticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
eksüdänek (connegative passive potential)
eksüttänek (connegative passive potential)
eksüdäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
eksübä (active participle present)
eksüdäpä (participle passive present)
eksüttäpä (participle passive present)
eksüde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
eksünüt (active participle past)
eksüdü (participle passive past)
eksüttü (participle passive past)
eksümä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
eksüminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: eksima/eksida

Finnish: eksyä

Ingrian: öksyä, eksyä

Karelian: eksyö

Livonian: jeksõ

Livvi: yöksyö

Ludian: üöstüdä

Võro: essümä/essüdäq

Votic: öhsüä


pakkainën

pakkainën (nominative singular)
pakkaicët (nominative plural)
pakkaicën (accusative singular)
pakkaicët (accusative plural)
pakkaicën (genitive singular)
pak'aictën (genitive plural)
pakkaicidën (genitive plural)
pak'aicta (partitive singular)
pakkaicita (partitive plural)
pakkaicëssa (inessive singular)
pakkaicëhna (inessive singular)
pakkaicissa (inessive plural)
pakkaicihna (inessive plural)
pakkaicësta (elative singular)
pakkaicista (elative plural)
pakkaicësën (illative singular)
pakkaicisën (illative plural)
pakkaicëlla (adessive singular)
pakkaicilla (adessive plural)
pakkaicëlta (ablative singular)
pakkaicilta (ablative plural)
pakkaicëlën (allative singular)
pakkaicëlëk (allative singular)
pakkaicilën (allative plural)
pakkaicilëk (allative plural)
pak'ainna (essive singular)
pakkaicina (essive plural)
pakkaicëksi (singular translative)
pakkaiciksi (plural translative)
pakkaicën (instructive singular)
pakkaicin (instructive plural)
pak'ainnëk (comitative singular)
pakkaicinëk (comitative plural)
pakkaicëtta (abessive singular)
pakkaicitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: pakane

Finnish: pakkanen

Ingrian: pakkain

Karelian:

North Karelian: pakkani

South Karelian: pakkane

Livvi: pakkaine

Ludian: pakaine

Veps: pakaine

Votic: pakkain, pakkan

From *pakka + *-inën. Possibly related to Proto-Samic *pākkës.