e-

e- (stem)
en (first-person present singular)
esin (first-person past singular)
et (present second-person singular)
esit (past second-person singular)
äläk (imperative second-person singular)
epi (present singular third-person)
epä (present singular third-person)
esi (past singular third-person)
älägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
ekmek (first-person plural present)
ekmäk (first-person plural present)
esimek (first-person past plural)
esimäk (first-person past plural)
älägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
älägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
ektek (plural present second-person)
ektäk (plural present second-person)
esidek (past plural second-person)
esidäk (past plural second-person)
älägäte (imperative plural second-person)
älägätä (imperative plural second-person)
ebät (plural present third-person)
epi (plural present third-person)
esi (past plural third-person)
älägäsen (imperative plural third-person)

Estonian: ei

q

⇒ Estonian: pole (from dialectal ep; contraction of ep ole)

Finnish: ei

Ingrian: ei

Karelian:

North Karelian: ei

South Karelian: ei

Livonian: ä'b

Livvi: ei

Ludian: ei

Veps: ei

Votic: eb

Võro: ei, eiq

From Proto-Uralic *e- ~ *ä- ~ *a- (negative verb stem). Cognate with Proto-Samic *i- (whence Northern Sami ii). The imperative forms are from the Proto-Uralic negative imperative verb stem *älä-.


tektäk

teke- (stem)
tegen (first-person present singular)
tegin (first-person past singular)
tek'on (first-person optative singular)
teget (present second-person singular)
tegit (past second-person singular)
tegek (imperative second-person singular)
tek'os (optative second-person singular)
tekebi (present singular third-person)
teki (present singular third-person)
teki (past singular third-person)
tekkähen (imperative singular third-person)
tekkohen (optative singular third-person)
tegekmek (first-person plural present)
tegekmäk (first-person plural present)
tekimek (first-person past plural)
tekimäk (first-person past plural)
tekkädemek (first-person imperative plural)
tekkädämäk (first-person imperative plural)
tekkodemek (first-person optative plural)
tekkodämäk (first-person optative plural)
tegektek (plural present second-person)
tegektäk (plural present second-person)
tekidek (past plural second-person)
tekidäk (past plural second-person)
tekkäde (imperative plural second-person)
tekkädä (imperative plural second-person)
tek'ot'ek (optative plural second-person)
tekkodädäk (optative plural second-person)
tekebät (plural present third-person)
teki (plural present third-person)
teki (past plural third-person)
tekkähen (imperative plural third-person)
tekkohen (optative plural third-person)
tegeksen (passive present)
teget'äksen (passive present)
tektihen (passive past)
tegettisen (passive past)
tektägäsen (imperative passive)
tegettäkähen (imperative passive)
tektägosen (optative passive)
tegettäkohen (optative passive)
tegek (connegative present)
tek'äk (connegative imperative)
tek'ok (connegative optative)
tegektäk (connegative passive present)
tektägäk (connegative imperative passive)
tegettägäk (connegative imperative passive)
tektägok (connegative optative passive)
tegettägok (connegative optative passive)
tegekcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
tekicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
tekenen (first-person potential singular)
tegekcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
tekicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
tekenet (potential second-person singular)
tegekci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
tekici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
tekeni (potential singular third-person)
tegekcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
tegekcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
tekicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
tekicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
tekenemek (first-person plural potential)
tekenemäk (first-person plural potential)
tegekcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
tegekcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
tekicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
tekicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
tekenedek (plural potential second-person)
tekenedäk (plural potential second-person)
tegekci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
tekici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
tekeni (plural potential third-person)
tektäkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
teget'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
tekticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
tegetticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
tektänesen (passive potential)
tegettänehen (passive potential)
tegekcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
tekicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
tekenek (connegative potential)
tektäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
teget'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
tekticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
tegetticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
tektänek (connegative passive potential)
tegettänek (connegative passive potential)
tektäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
tekebä (active participle present)
tektäbä (participle passive present)
tegettäpä (participle passive present)
tekte- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
tekenüt (active participle past)
tektü (participle passive past)
tegettü (participle passive past)
tekemä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
tekeminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: tegema/teha

Finnish: tehdä

Meänkieli: tehhä

Ingrian: tehä, (dialectal) tehhä

Karelian:

North Karelian: tehä

South Karelian: tegie

Livonian: tied

Livvi: tegie

Ludian: tehtä

Veps: tehta

Võro: tegemä/tetäq

Votic: tehä


näktäk

näke- (stem)
nägen (first-person present singular)
nägin (first-person past singular)
näk'on (first-person optative singular)
näget (present second-person singular)
nägit (past second-person singular)
nägek (imperative second-person singular)
näk'os (optative second-person singular)
näkebi (present singular third-person)
näki (present singular third-person)
näki (past singular third-person)
näkkähen (imperative singular third-person)
näkkohen (optative singular third-person)
nägekmek (first-person plural present)
nägekmäk (first-person plural present)
näkimek (first-person past plural)
näkimäk (first-person past plural)
näkkädemek (first-person imperative plural)
näkkädämäk (first-person imperative plural)
näkkodemek (first-person optative plural)
näkkodämäk (first-person optative plural)
nägektek (plural present second-person)
nägektäk (plural present second-person)
näkidek (past plural second-person)
näkidäk (past plural second-person)
näkkäde (imperative plural second-person)
näkkädä (imperative plural second-person)
näk'ot'ek (optative plural second-person)
näkkodädäk (optative plural second-person)
näkebät (plural present third-person)
näki (plural present third-person)
näki (past plural third-person)
näkkähen (imperative plural third-person)
näkkohen (optative plural third-person)
nägeksen (passive present)
näget'äksen (passive present)
näktihen (passive past)
nägettisen (passive past)
näktägäsen (imperative passive)
nägettäkähen (imperative passive)
näktägosen (optative passive)
nägettäkohen (optative passive)
nägek (connegative present)
näk'äk (connegative imperative)
näk'ok (connegative optative)
nägektäk (connegative passive present)
näktägäk (connegative imperative passive)
nägettägäk (connegative imperative passive)
näktägok (connegative optative passive)
nägettägok (connegative optative passive)
nägekcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
näkicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
näkenen (first-person potential singular)
nägekcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
näkicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
näkenet (potential second-person singular)
nägekci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
näkici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
näkeni (potential singular third-person)
nägekcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
nägekcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
näkicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
näkicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
näkenemek (first-person plural potential)
näkenemäk (first-person plural potential)
nägekcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
nägekcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
näkicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
näkicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
näkenedek (plural potential second-person)
näkenedäk (plural potential second-person)
nägekci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
näkici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
näkeni (plural potential third-person)
näktäkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
näget'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
näkticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
nägetticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
näktänesen (passive potential)
nägettänehen (passive potential)
nägekcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
näkicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
näkenek (connegative potential)
näktäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
näget'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
näkticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
nägetticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
näktänek (connegative passive potential)
nägettänek (connegative passive potential)
näktäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
näkebä (active participle present)
näktäbä (participle passive present)
nägettäpä (participle passive present)
näkte- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
näkenüt (active participle past)
näktü (participle passive past)
nägettü (participle passive past)
näkemä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
näkeminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: nägema/näha

Finnish: nähdä

Ingrian: nähä, (dialectal) nähhä

Karelian: nähä

Livonian: nǟ’dõ

Livvi: nähtä

Ludian: nähtä

Veps: nähta

Võro: nägemä/nätäq

Votic: nähä


tuldak

tulë- (stem)
tulën (first-person present singular)
tulin (first-person past singular)
tulgon (first-person optative singular)
tulët (present second-person singular)
tulit (past second-person singular)
tulëk (imperative second-person singular)
tulgos (optative second-person singular)
tulëbi (present singular third-person)
tuli (present singular third-person)
tuli (past singular third-person)
tulkahën (imperative singular third-person)
tulkohën (optative singular third-person)
tulëkmëk (first-person plural present)
tulëkmak (first-person plural present)
tulimëk (first-person past plural)
tulimak (first-person past plural)
tulkadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
tulkadamak (first-person imperative plural)
tulkodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
tulkodamak (first-person optative plural)
tulëktëk (plural present second-person)
tulëktak (plural present second-person)
tulidëk (past plural second-person)
tulidak (past plural second-person)
tulkadë (imperative plural second-person)
tulkada (imperative plural second-person)
tulgot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
tulkodadak (optative plural second-person)
tulëbat (plural present third-person)
tuli (plural present third-person)
tuli (past plural third-person)
tulkahën (imperative plural third-person)
tulkohën (optative plural third-person)
tulëksën (passive present)
tulët'aksën (passive present)
tultihën (passive past)
tulëttisën (passive past)
tultagasën (imperative passive)
tulëttakahën (imperative passive)
tultagosën (optative passive)
tulëttakohën (optative passive)
tulëk (connegative present)
tulgak (connegative imperative)
tulgok (connegative optative)
tulëktak (connegative passive present)
tultagak (connegative imperative passive)
tulëttagak (connegative imperative passive)
tultagok (connegative optative passive)
tulëttagok (connegative optative passive)
tulëkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
tulicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
tullën (first-person potential singular)
tulëkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
tulicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
tullët (potential second-person singular)
tulëkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
tulici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
tulli (potential singular third-person)
tulëkcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
tulëkcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
tulicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
tulicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
tullëmëk (first-person plural potential)
tullëmak (first-person plural potential)
tulëkcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
tulëkcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
tulicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
tulicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
tullëdëk (plural potential second-person)
tullëdak (plural potential second-person)
tulëkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
tulici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
tulli (plural potential third-person)
tuldakcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
tulët'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
tulticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
tulëtticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
tultanësën (passive potential)
tulëttanëhën (passive potential)
tulëkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
tulicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
tullëk (connegative potential)
tuldakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
tulët'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
tulticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
tulëtticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
tultanëk (connegative passive potential)
tulëttanëk (connegative passive potential)
tuldak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
tulëba (active participle present)
tultaba (participle passive present)
tulëttapa (participle passive present)
tultë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
tullut (active participle past)
tultu (participle passive past)
tulëttu (participle passive past)
tulëma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
tulëminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: tulema/tulla

Finnish: tulla

Ingrian: tulla

Karelian: tulla

Livvi: tulla

Livonian: tūlda

Ludian: tulda

Veps: tulda

Võro: tulõma/tullaq

Votic: tullõ

From Proto-Uralic *tole-. One of the words where earlier *o was raised to *u in an open syllable (cf. *lome (“snow”), *pore- (“to bite”)).


mendäk

mene- (stem)
menen (first-person present singular)
menin (first-person past singular)
mengon (first-person optative singular)
menet (present second-person singular)
menit (past second-person singular)
menek (imperative second-person singular)
mengos (optative second-person singular)
menebi (present singular third-person)
meni (present singular third-person)
meni (past singular third-person)
menkähen (imperative singular third-person)
menkohen (optative singular third-person)
menekmek (first-person plural present)
menekmäk (first-person plural present)
menimek (first-person past plural)
menimäk (first-person past plural)
menkädemek (first-person imperative plural)
menkädämäk (first-person imperative plural)
menkodemek (first-person optative plural)
menkodämäk (first-person optative plural)
menektek (plural present second-person)
menektäk (plural present second-person)
menidek (past plural second-person)
menidäk (past plural second-person)
menkäde (imperative plural second-person)
menkädä (imperative plural second-person)
mengot'ek (optative plural second-person)
menkodädäk (optative plural second-person)
menebät (plural present third-person)
meni (plural present third-person)
meni (past plural third-person)
menkähen (imperative plural third-person)
menkohen (optative plural third-person)
meneksen (passive present)
menet'äksen (passive present)
mentihen (passive past)
menettisen (passive past)
mentägäsen (imperative passive)
menettäkähen (imperative passive)
mentägosen (optative passive)
menettäkohen (optative passive)
menek (connegative present)
mengäk (connegative imperative)
mengok (connegative optative)
menektäk (connegative passive present)
mentägäk (connegative imperative passive)
menettägäk (connegative imperative passive)
mentägok (connegative optative passive)
menettägok (connegative optative passive)
menekcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
menicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
mennen (first-person potential singular)
menekcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
menicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
mennet (potential second-person singular)
menekci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
menici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
menni (potential singular third-person)
menekcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
menekcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
menicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
menicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
mennemek (first-person plural potential)
mennemäk (first-person plural potential)
menekcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
menekcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
menicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
menicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
mennedek (plural potential second-person)
mennedäk (plural potential second-person)
menekci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
menici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
menni (plural potential third-person)
mendäkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
menet'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
menticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
menetticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
mentänesen (passive potential)
menettänehen (passive potential)
menekcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
menicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
mennek (connegative potential)
mendäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
menet'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
menticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
menetticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
mentänek (connegative passive potential)
menettänek (connegative passive potential)
mendäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
menebä (active participle present)
mentäbä (participle passive present)
menettäpä (participle passive present)
mente- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
mennüt (active participle past)
mentü (participle passive past)
menettü (participle passive past)
menemä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
meneminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: minema/minna

Finnish: mennä

Livvi: mennä

Võro: minemä/minnäq

Votic: menne

desc

Finnish: männä (dialectal, eastern Finnish)

Ingrian: männä

Karelian:

North Karelian: männä

South Karelian: männä

Ludian: mändä

Veps: mända


oldak

Estonian: olema/olla

Finnish: olla

Ingrian: olla

Karelian:

North Karelian: olla

South Karelian: olla

Livonian:

Courland Livonian: vȱlda

Vidzeme Livonian: olda/old/olla/oll

Livvi: olla

Ludian: olda

Veps: olda

Võro: olõma/ollaq

Votic: õllõ


söödäk

söö- (stem)
söön (first-person present singular)
söin (first-person past singular)
söögon (first-person optative singular)
sööt (present second-person singular)
söit (past second-person singular)
söök (imperative second-person singular)
söögos (optative second-person singular)
sööpi (present singular third-person)
söö (present singular third-person)
söi (past singular third-person)
söökähen (imperative singular third-person)
söökohen (optative singular third-person)
söökmek (first-person plural present)
söökmäk (first-person plural present)
söimek (first-person past plural)
söimäk (first-person past plural)
söökädemek (first-person imperative plural)
söökädämäk (first-person imperative plural)
söökodemek (first-person optative plural)
söökodämäk (first-person optative plural)
sööktek (plural present second-person)
sööktäk (plural present second-person)
söidek (past plural second-person)
söidäk (past plural second-person)
söökäde (imperative plural second-person)
söökädä (imperative plural second-person)
söögot'ek (optative plural second-person)
söökodädäk (optative plural second-person)
sööbät (plural present third-person)
söö (plural present third-person)
söi (past plural third-person)
söökähen (imperative plural third-person)
söökohen (optative plural third-person)
sööksen (passive present)
sööt'äksen (passive present)
söötihen (passive past)
sööttihen (passive past)
söötägäsen (imperative passive)
sööttägäsen (imperative passive)
söötägosen (optative passive)
sööttägosen (optative passive)
söök (connegative present)
söögäk (connegative imperative)
söögok (connegative optative)
sööktäk (connegative passive present)
söötägäk (connegative imperative passive)
sööttägäk (connegative imperative passive)
söötägok (connegative optative passive)
sööttägok (connegative optative passive)
söökcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
söicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
söönen (first-person potential singular)
söökcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
söicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
söönet (potential second-person singular)
söökci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
söici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
sööni (potential singular third-person)
söökcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
söökcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
söicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
söicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
söönemek (first-person plural potential)
söönemäk (first-person plural potential)
söökcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
söökcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
söicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
söicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
söönedek (plural potential second-person)
söönedäk (plural potential second-person)
söökci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
söici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
sööni (plural potential third-person)
söödäkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
sööt'äkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
sööticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
söötticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
söötänesen (passive potential)
sööttänesen (passive potential)
söökcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
söicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
söönek (connegative potential)
söödäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
sööt'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
sööticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
söötticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
söötänek (connegative passive potential)
sööttänek (connegative passive potential)
söödäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
sööpä (active participle present)
söötäbä (participle passive present)
sööttäbä (participle passive present)
sööte- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
söönüt (active participle past)
söötü (participle passive past)
sööttü (participle passive past)
söömä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
sööminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: sööma/süüa

Finnish: syödä

Ingrian: söövvä, syyvvä

Karelian:

North Karelian: šyyvvä

South Karelian: šyyvä, syyvä

Livonian: sīedõ

Livvi: syvvä

Ludian: süödä

Veps: söda

Võro: süümä/süvväq

Votic: süüvve


joodak

joo- (stem)
joon (first-person present singular)
join (first-person past singular)
joogon (first-person optative singular)
joot (present second-person singular)
joit (past second-person singular)
jook (imperative second-person singular)
joogos (optative second-person singular)
joopi (present singular third-person)
joo (present singular third-person)
joi (past singular third-person)
jookahën (imperative singular third-person)
jookohën (optative singular third-person)
jookmëk (first-person plural present)
jookmak (first-person plural present)
joimëk (first-person past plural)
joimak (first-person past plural)
jookadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
jookadamak (first-person imperative plural)
jookodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
jookodamak (first-person optative plural)
jooktëk (plural present second-person)
jooktak (plural present second-person)
joidëk (past plural second-person)
joidak (past plural second-person)
jookadë (imperative plural second-person)
jookada (imperative plural second-person)
joogot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
jookodadak (optative plural second-person)
joobat (plural present third-person)
joo (plural present third-person)
joi (past plural third-person)
jookahën (imperative plural third-person)
jookohën (optative plural third-person)
jooksën (passive present)
joot'aksën (passive present)
jootihën (passive past)
joottihën (passive past)
jootagasën (imperative passive)
joottagasën (imperative passive)
jootagosën (optative passive)
joottagosën (optative passive)
jook (connegative present)
joogak (connegative imperative)
joogok (connegative optative)
jooktak (connegative passive present)
jootagak (connegative imperative passive)
joottagak (connegative imperative passive)
jootagok (connegative optative passive)
joottagok (connegative optative passive)
jookcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
joicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
joonën (first-person potential singular)
jookcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
joicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
joonët (potential second-person singular)
jookci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
joici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
jooni (potential singular third-person)
jookcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
jookcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
joicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
joicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
joonëmëk (first-person plural potential)
joonëmak (first-person plural potential)
jookcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
jookcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
joicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
joicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
joonëdëk (plural potential second-person)
joonëdak (plural potential second-person)
jookci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
joici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
jooni (plural potential third-person)
joodakcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
joot'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
jooticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
jootticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
jootanësën (passive potential)
joottanësën (passive potential)
jookcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
joicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
joonëk (connegative potential)
joodakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
joot'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
jooticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
jootticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
jootanëk (connegative passive potential)
joottanëk (connegative passive potential)
joodak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
joopa (active participle present)
jootaba (participle passive present)
joottaba (participle passive present)
jootë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
joonut (active participle past)
jootu (participle passive past)
joottu (participle passive past)
jooma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
joominen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: jooma/juua

Finnish: juoda

Ingrian: joovva

Karelian: juvva

Livonian: jūodõ

Livvi: juvva

Ludian: d'uoda

Veps: joda

Võro: juuma/juvvaq

Votic: juuvvõ

From Proto-Uralic *jëxe-. Cognates include Northern Sami juhkat, Northern Mansi аюӈкве (aûňkve) and Hungarian iszik.


elädäk

elä- (stem)
elän (first-person present singular)
elein (first-person past singular)
elägon (first-person optative singular)
elät (present second-person singular)
eleit (past second-person singular)
eläk (imperative second-person singular)
elägos (optative second-person singular)
eläbi (present singular third-person)
elä (present singular third-person)
elei (past singular third-person)
elägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
elägosen (optative singular third-person)
eläkmek (first-person plural present)
eläkmäk (first-person plural present)
eleimek (first-person past plural)
eleimäk (first-person past plural)
elägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
elägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
elägotemek (first-person optative plural)
elägotämäk (first-person optative plural)
eläktek (plural present second-person)
eläktäk (plural present second-person)
eleidek (past plural second-person)
eleidäk (past plural second-person)
elägäte (imperative plural second-person)
elägätä (imperative plural second-person)
elägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
elägotädäk (optative plural second-person)
eläbät (plural present third-person)
elä (plural present third-person)
elei (past plural third-person)
elägäsen (imperative plural third-person)
elägosen (optative plural third-person)
eläksen (passive present)
elät'äksen (passive present)
elädisen (passive past)
elättisen (passive past)
elädäkähen (imperative passive)
elättäkähen (imperative passive)
elädäkohen (optative passive)
elättäkohen (optative passive)
eläk (connegative present)
elägäk (connegative imperative)
elägok (connegative optative)
eläktäk (connegative passive present)
elädägäk (connegative imperative passive)
elättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
elädägok (connegative optative passive)
elättägok (connegative optative passive)
eläkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
eleicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
elänen (first-person potential singular)
eläkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
eleicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
elänet (potential second-person singular)
eläkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
eleici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
eläni (potential singular third-person)
eläkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
eläkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
eleicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
eleicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
elänemek (first-person plural potential)
elänemäk (first-person plural potential)
eläkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
eläkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
eleicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
eleicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
elänedek (plural potential second-person)
elänedäk (plural potential second-person)
eläkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
eleici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
eläni (plural potential third-person)
elädäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
elät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
elädicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
elätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
elädänehen (passive potential)
elättänehen (passive potential)
eläkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
eleicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
elänek (connegative potential)
elädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
elät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
elädicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
elätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
elädänek (connegative passive potential)
elättänek (connegative passive potential)
elädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
eläbä (active participle present)
elädäpä (participle passive present)
elättäpä (participle passive present)
eläde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
elänüt (active participle past)
elädü (participle passive past)
elättü (participle passive past)
elämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
eläminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: elama/elada

Finnish: elää

Ingrian: ellää

Karelian:

North Karelian: eliä

South Karelian: eliä

Livonian: (Courland) je’llõ, (Salaca) jell

Livvi: eliä

Ludian: eläda

Veps: eläda

Võro: elämä/elläq

Votic: ellä


kooldak

koolë- (stem)
koolën (first-person present singular)
koolin (first-person past singular)
koolgon (first-person optative singular)
koolët (present second-person singular)
koolit (past second-person singular)
koolëk (imperative second-person singular)
koolgos (optative second-person singular)
koolëbi (present singular third-person)
kooli (present singular third-person)
kooli (past singular third-person)
koolkahën (imperative singular third-person)
koolkohën (optative singular third-person)
koolëkmëk (first-person plural present)
koolëkmak (first-person plural present)
koolimëk (first-person past plural)
koolimak (first-person past plural)
koolkadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
koolkadamak (first-person imperative plural)
koolkodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
koolkodamak (first-person optative plural)
koolëktëk (plural present second-person)
koolëktak (plural present second-person)
koolidëk (past plural second-person)
koolidak (past plural second-person)
koolkadë (imperative plural second-person)
koolkada (imperative plural second-person)
koolgot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
koolkodadak (optative plural second-person)
koolëbat (plural present third-person)
kooli (plural present third-person)
kooli (past plural third-person)
koolkahën (imperative plural third-person)
koolkohën (optative plural third-person)
koolëksën (passive present)
koolët'aksën (passive present)
kooltihën (passive past)
koolëttisën (passive past)
kooltagasën (imperative passive)
koolëttakahën (imperative passive)
kooltagosën (optative passive)
koolëttakohën (optative passive)
koolëk (connegative present)
koolgak (connegative imperative)
koolgok (connegative optative)
koolëktak (connegative passive present)
kooltagak (connegative imperative passive)
koolëttagak (connegative imperative passive)
kooltagok (connegative optative passive)
koolëttagok (connegative optative passive)
koolëkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
koolicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
koollën (first-person potential singular)
koolëkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
koolicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
koollët (potential second-person singular)
koolëkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
koolici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
koolli (potential singular third-person)
koolëkcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
koolëkcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
koolicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
koolicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
koollëmëk (first-person plural potential)
koollëmak (first-person plural potential)
koolëkcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
koolëkcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
koolicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
koolicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
koollëdëk (plural potential second-person)
koollëdak (plural potential second-person)
koolëkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
koolici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
koolli (plural potential third-person)
kooldakcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
koolët'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
koolticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
koolëtticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
kooltanësën (passive potential)
koolëttanëhën (passive potential)
koolëkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
koolicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
koollëk (connegative potential)
kooldakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
koolët'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
koolticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
koolëtticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
kooltanëk (connegative passive potential)
koolëttanëk (connegative passive potential)
kooldak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
koolëba (active participle present)
kooltaba (participle passive present)
koolëttapa (participle passive present)
kooltë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
koollut (active participle past)
kooltu (participle passive past)
koolëttu (participle passive past)
koolëma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
koolëminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: koolma/koolda

Finnish: kuolla

→ Swedish: (slang) kola

→ Finnish: (slang) kolata

Karelian: kuolla

Ludian: kuolda

Veps: kolda

Võro: kuulma/kooldaq

Votic: koollõ


abuttadak

abutta- (stem)
abut'an (first-person present singular)
abut'ëin (first-person past singular)
abuttagon (first-person optative singular)
abut'at (present second-person singular)
abut'ëit (past second-person singular)
abut'ak (imperative second-person singular)
abuttagos (optative second-person singular)
abuttapi (present singular third-person)
abutta (present singular third-person)
abuttëi (past singular third-person)
abuttakahën (imperative singular third-person)
abuttakohën (optative singular third-person)
abut'akmëk (first-person plural present)
abut'akmak (first-person plural present)
abuttëimëk (first-person past plural)
abuttëimak (first-person past plural)
abuttakadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
abuttakadamak (first-person imperative plural)
abuttakodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
abuttakodamak (first-person optative plural)
abut'aktëk (plural present second-person)
abut'aktak (plural present second-person)
abuttëidëk (past plural second-person)
abuttëidak (past plural second-person)
abuttakadë (imperative plural second-person)
abuttakada (imperative plural second-person)
abuttagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
abuttakodadak (optative plural second-person)
abuttabat (plural present third-person)
abutta (plural present third-person)
abuttëi (past plural third-person)
abuttakahën (imperative plural third-person)
abuttakohën (optative plural third-person)
abut'aksën (passive present)
abut'at'aksën (passive present)
abuttatihën (passive past)
abut'attihën (passive past)
abuttatagasën (imperative passive)
abut'attagasën (imperative passive)
abuttatagosën (optative passive)
abut'attagosën (optative passive)
abut'ak (connegative present)
abuttagak (connegative imperative)
abuttagok (connegative optative)
abut'aktak (connegative passive present)
abuttatagak (connegative imperative passive)
abut'attagak (connegative imperative passive)
abuttatagok (connegative optative passive)
abut'attagok (connegative optative passive)
abut'akcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
abuttëicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
abuttanën (first-person potential singular)
abut'akcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
abuttëicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
abuttanët (potential second-person singular)
abut'akci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
abuttëici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
abuttani (potential singular third-person)
abut'akcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
abut'akcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
abuttëicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
abuttëicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
abuttanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
abuttanëmak (first-person plural potential)
abut'akcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
abut'akcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
abuttëicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
abuttëicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
abuttanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
abuttanëdak (plural potential second-person)
abut'akci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
abuttëici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
abuttani (plural potential third-person)
abuttadakcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
abut'at'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
abuttaticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
abut'atticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
abuttatanësën (passive potential)
abut'attanësën (passive potential)
abut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
abuttëicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
abuttanëk (connegative potential)
abuttadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
abut'at'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
abuttaticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
abut'atticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
abuttatanëk (connegative passive potential)
abut'attanëk (connegative passive potential)
abuttadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
abuttapa (active participle present)
abuttataba (participle passive present)
abut'attaba (participle passive present)
abuttatë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
abuttanut (active participle past)
abuttatu (participle passive past)
abut'attu (participle passive past)
abuttama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
abuttaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Finnish: auttaa

Ingrian: avuttaa

Karelian:

North Karelian: auttua

South Karelian: auttua

Livvi: avvuttua

Ludian: abutada

Veps: abutada

(Northern Finnic) alternative form of *abittadak


ajadak

aja- (stem)
ajan (first-person present singular)
ajoin (first-person past singular)
ajagon (first-person optative singular)
ajat (present second-person singular)
ajoit (past second-person singular)
ajak (imperative second-person singular)
ajagos (optative second-person singular)
ajabi (present singular third-person)
aja (present singular third-person)
ajoi (past singular third-person)
ajagasën (imperative singular third-person)
ajagosën (optative singular third-person)
ajakmëk (first-person plural present)
ajakmak (first-person plural present)
ajoimëk (first-person past plural)
ajoimak (first-person past plural)
ajagatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
ajagatamak (first-person imperative plural)
ajagotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
ajagotamak (first-person optative plural)
ajaktëk (plural present second-person)
ajaktak (plural present second-person)
ajoidëk (past plural second-person)
ajoidak (past plural second-person)
ajagatë (imperative plural second-person)
ajagata (imperative plural second-person)
ajagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
ajagotadak (optative plural second-person)
ajabat (plural present third-person)
aja (plural present third-person)
ajoi (past plural third-person)
ajagasën (imperative plural third-person)
ajagosën (optative plural third-person)
ajaksën (passive present)
ajat'aksën (passive present)
ajadisën (passive past)
ajattisën (passive past)
ajadakahën (imperative passive)
ajattakahën (imperative passive)
ajadakohën (optative passive)
ajattakohën (optative passive)
ajak (connegative present)
ajagak (connegative imperative)
ajagok (connegative optative)
ajaktak (connegative passive present)
ajadagak (connegative imperative passive)
ajattagak (connegative imperative passive)
ajadagok (connegative optative passive)
ajattagok (connegative optative passive)
ajakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
ajoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
ajanën (first-person potential singular)
ajakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
ajoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
ajanët (potential second-person singular)
ajakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
ajoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
ajani (potential singular third-person)
ajakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
ajakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
ajoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
ajoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
ajanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
ajanëmak (first-person plural potential)
ajakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
ajakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
ajoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
ajoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
ajanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
ajanëdak (plural potential second-person)
ajakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
ajoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
ajani (plural potential third-person)
ajadakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
ajat'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
ajadicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
ajatticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
ajadanëhën (passive potential)
ajattanëhën (passive potential)
ajakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
ajoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
ajanëk (connegative potential)
ajadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
ajat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
ajadicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
ajatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
ajadanëk (connegative passive potential)
ajattanëk (connegative passive potential)
ajadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
ajaba (active participle present)
ajadapa (participle passive present)
ajattapa (participle passive present)
ajadë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
ajanut (active participle past)
ajadu (participle passive past)
ajattu (participle passive past)
ajama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
ajaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: ajama/ajada

Finnish: ajaa

Ingrian: aijaa

Karelian:

North Karelian: ajua

South Karelian: ajua

Livonian: a'jjõ, (Salaca) aij

Ludian: ajada

Veps: ajada

Võro: ajama/ajjaq (also aama)

Votic: ajja

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *aja-, probably borrowed from a descendant of Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-, *h₂éǵeti; see the Proto-Uralic entry for more. Cognates include Proto-Samic *vuojētēk.


antadak

anta- (stem)
andan (first-person present singular)
andoin (first-person past singular)
antagon (first-person optative singular)
andat (present second-person singular)
andoit (past second-person singular)
andak (imperative second-person singular)
antagos (optative second-person singular)
antabi (present singular third-person)
anta (present singular third-person)
antoi (past singular third-person)
antagasën (imperative singular third-person)
antagosën (optative singular third-person)
andakmëk (first-person plural present)
andakmak (first-person plural present)
antoimëk (first-person past plural)
antoimak (first-person past plural)
antagatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
antagatamak (first-person imperative plural)
antagotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
antagotamak (first-person optative plural)
andaktëk (plural present second-person)
andaktak (plural present second-person)
antoidëk (past plural second-person)
antoidak (past plural second-person)
antagatë (imperative plural second-person)
antagata (imperative plural second-person)
antagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
antagotadak (optative plural second-person)
antabat (plural present third-person)
anta (plural present third-person)
antoi (past plural third-person)
antagasën (imperative plural third-person)
antagosën (optative plural third-person)
andaksën (passive present)
andat'aksën (passive present)
antadisën (passive past)
andattisën (passive past)
antadakahën (imperative passive)
andattakahën (imperative passive)
antadakohën (optative passive)
andattakohën (optative passive)
andak (connegative present)
antagak (connegative imperative)
antagok (connegative optative)
andaktak (connegative passive present)
antadagak (connegative imperative passive)
andattagak (connegative imperative passive)
antadagok (connegative optative passive)
andattagok (connegative optative passive)
andakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
antoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
antanën (first-person potential singular)
andakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
antoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
antanët (potential second-person singular)
andakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
antoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
antani (potential singular third-person)
andakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
andakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
antoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
antoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
antanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
antanëmak (first-person plural potential)
andakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
andakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
antoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
antoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
antanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
antanëdak (plural potential second-person)
andakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
antoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
antani (plural potential third-person)
antadakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
andat'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
antadicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
andatticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
antadanëhën (passive potential)
andattanëhën (passive potential)
andakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
antoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
antanëk (connegative potential)
antadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
andat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
antadicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
andatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
antadanëk (connegative passive potential)
andattanëk (connegative passive potential)
antadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
antaba (active participle present)
antadapa (participle passive present)
andattapa (participle passive present)
antadë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
antanut (active participle past)
antadu (participle passive past)
andattu (participle passive past)
antama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
antaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: andma/anda

Finnish: antaa

Ingrian: antaa

Karelian:

North Karelian: antua

South Karelian: andua

Livonian: (Courland) andõ, (Salaca) and

Livvi: andua

Ludian: anta

Veps: antta

Võro: andma/andaq

Votic: anta


koskëdak

koskë- (stem)
koskën (first-person present singular)
koskin (first-person past singular)
koskëgon (first-person optative singular)
koskët (present second-person singular)
koskit (past second-person singular)
koskëk (imperative second-person singular)
koskëgos (optative second-person singular)
koskëbi (present singular third-person)
koski (present singular third-person)
koski (past singular third-person)
koskëgasën (imperative singular third-person)
koskëgosën (optative singular third-person)
koskëkmëk (first-person plural present)
koskëkmak (first-person plural present)
koskimëk (first-person past plural)
koskimak (first-person past plural)
koskëgatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
koskëgatamak (first-person imperative plural)
koskëgotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
koskëgotamak (first-person optative plural)
koskëktëk (plural present second-person)
koskëktak (plural present second-person)
koskidëk (past plural second-person)
koskidak (past plural second-person)
koskëgatë (imperative plural second-person)
koskëgata (imperative plural second-person)
koskëgot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
koskëgotadak (optative plural second-person)
koskëbat (plural present third-person)
koski (plural present third-person)
koski (past plural third-person)
koskëgasën (imperative plural third-person)
koskëgosën (optative plural third-person)
koskëksën (passive present)
koskët'aksën (passive present)
koskëdisën (passive past)
koskëttisën (passive past)
koskëdakahën (imperative passive)
koskëttakahën (imperative passive)
koskëdakohën (optative passive)
koskëttakohën (optative passive)
koskëk (connegative present)
koskëgak (connegative imperative)
koskëgok (connegative optative)
koskëktak (connegative passive present)
koskëdagak (connegative imperative passive)
koskëttagak (connegative imperative passive)
koskëdagok (connegative optative passive)
koskëttagok (connegative optative passive)
koskëkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
koskicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
koskënën (first-person potential singular)
koskëkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
koskicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
koskënët (potential second-person singular)
koskëkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
koskici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
koskëni (potential singular third-person)
koskëkcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
koskëkcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
koskicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
koskicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
koskënëmëk (first-person plural potential)
koskënëmak (first-person plural potential)
koskëkcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
koskëkcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
koskicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
koskicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
koskënëdëk (plural potential second-person)
koskënëdak (plural potential second-person)
koskëkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
koskici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
koskëni (plural potential third-person)
koskëdakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
koskët'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
koskëdicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
koskëtticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
koskëdanëhën (passive potential)
koskëttanëhën (passive potential)
koskëkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
koskicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
koskënëk (connegative potential)
koskëdakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
koskët'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
koskëdicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
koskëtticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
koskëdanëk (connegative passive potential)
koskëttanëk (connegative passive potential)
koskëdak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
koskëba (active participle present)
koskëdapa (participle passive present)
koskëttapa (participle passive present)
koskëdë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
koskënut (active participle past)
koskëdu (participle passive past)
koskëttu (participle passive past)
koskëma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
koskëminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Finnish: koskea

Ingrian: koskia

Karelian: koškie, koskie

Livvi: koskie

Ludian: koskeda

Veps: koskta

Akin to Proto-Samic *kuoskëtēk (“to touch”), probably also Komi косны (kosny, “(of boat) to touch the bottom”) (suggesting Proto-Finno-Permic *koske-, if inherited). Proto-Samic *kuosŋëtēk may also be related in some fashion, though the correspondence *sk ~ *sŋ is irregular.

(Northern Finnic) to touch, to be touching


küsüdäk

küsü- (stem)
küsün (first-person present singular)
küsüin (first-person past singular)
küsügon (first-person optative singular)
küsüt (present second-person singular)
küsüit (past second-person singular)
küsük (imperative second-person singular)
küsügos (optative second-person singular)
küsübi (present singular third-person)
küsü (present singular third-person)
küsüi (past singular third-person)
küsügäsen (imperative singular third-person)
küsügosen (optative singular third-person)
küsükmek (first-person plural present)
küsükmäk (first-person plural present)
küsüimek (first-person past plural)
küsüimäk (first-person past plural)
küsügätemek (first-person imperative plural)
küsügätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
küsügotemek (first-person optative plural)
küsügotämäk (first-person optative plural)
küsüktek (plural present second-person)
küsüktäk (plural present second-person)
küsüidek (past plural second-person)
küsüidäk (past plural second-person)
küsügäte (imperative plural second-person)
küsügätä (imperative plural second-person)
küsügot'ek (optative plural second-person)
küsügotädäk (optative plural second-person)
küsübät (plural present third-person)
küsü (plural present third-person)
küsüi (past plural third-person)
küsügäsen (imperative plural third-person)
küsügosen (optative plural third-person)
küsüksen (passive present)
küsüt'äksen (passive present)
küsüdisen (passive past)
küsüttisen (passive past)
küsüdäkähen (imperative passive)
küsüttäkähen (imperative passive)
küsüdäkohen (optative passive)
küsüttäkohen (optative passive)
küsük (connegative present)
küsügäk (connegative imperative)
küsügok (connegative optative)
küsüktäk (connegative passive present)
küsüdägäk (connegative imperative passive)
küsüttägäk (connegative imperative passive)
küsüdägok (connegative optative passive)
küsüttägok (connegative optative passive)
küsükcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
küsüicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
küsünen (first-person potential singular)
küsükcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
küsüicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
küsünet (potential second-person singular)
küsükci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
küsüici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
küsüni (potential singular third-person)
küsükcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
küsükcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
küsüicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
küsüicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
küsünemek (first-person plural potential)
küsünemäk (first-person plural potential)
küsükcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
küsükcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
küsüicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
küsüicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
küsünedek (plural potential second-person)
küsünedäk (plural potential second-person)
küsükci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
küsüici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
küsüni (plural potential third-person)
küsüdäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
küsüt'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
küsüdicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
küsütticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
küsüdänehen (passive potential)
küsüttänehen (passive potential)
küsükcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
küsüicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
küsünek (connegative potential)
küsüdäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
küsüt'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
küsüdicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
küsütticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
küsüdänek (connegative passive potential)
küsüttänek (connegative passive potential)
küsüdäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
küsübä (active participle present)
küsüdäpä (participle passive present)
küsüttäpä (participle passive present)
küsüde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
küsünüt (active participle past)
küsüdü (participle passive past)
küsüttü (participle passive past)
küsümä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
küsüminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: küsima/küsida

Finnish: kysyä

Ingrian: kyssyä

Karelian: kyšyö, kyzyö

Livvi: kyzyö

Ludian: küzüda

Veps: küzuda

Võro: küsümä/küssüq

Votic: tšüssüä

From Proto-Finno-Permic *küśe-w-. Cognate to Proto-Samic *këčëtēk, Erzya кевкстемс (kevkstems), Moksha кизефтемс (kizeftems).


lentädäk

lentä- (stem)
lendän (first-person present singular)
lendein (first-person past singular)
lentägon (first-person optative singular)
lendät (present second-person singular)
lendeit (past second-person singular)
lendäk (imperative second-person singular)
lentägos (optative second-person singular)
lentäbi (present singular third-person)
lentä (present singular third-person)
lentei (past singular third-person)
lentägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
lentägosen (optative singular third-person)
lendäkmek (first-person plural present)
lendäkmäk (first-person plural present)
lenteimek (first-person past plural)
lenteimäk (first-person past plural)
lentägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
lentägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
lentägotemek (first-person optative plural)
lentägotämäk (first-person optative plural)
lendäktek (plural present second-person)
lendäktäk (plural present second-person)
lenteidek (past plural second-person)
lenteidäk (past plural second-person)
lentägäte (imperative plural second-person)
lentägätä (imperative plural second-person)
lentägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
lentägotädäk (optative plural second-person)
lentäbät (plural present third-person)
lentä (plural present third-person)
lentei (past plural third-person)
lentägäsen (imperative plural third-person)
lentägosen (optative plural third-person)
lendäksen (passive present)
lendät'äksen (passive present)
lentädisen (passive past)
lendättisen (passive past)
lentädäkähen (imperative passive)
lendättäkähen (imperative passive)
lentädäkohen (optative passive)
lendättäkohen (optative passive)
lendäk (connegative present)
lentägäk (connegative imperative)
lentägok (connegative optative)
lendäktäk (connegative passive present)
lentädägäk (connegative imperative passive)
lendättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
lentädägok (connegative optative passive)
lendättägok (connegative optative passive)
lendäkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
lenteicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
lentänen (first-person potential singular)
lendäkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
lenteicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
lentänet (potential second-person singular)
lendäkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
lenteici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
lentäni (potential singular third-person)
lendäkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
lendäkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
lenteicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
lenteicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
lentänemek (first-person plural potential)
lentänemäk (first-person plural potential)
lendäkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
lendäkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
lenteicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
lenteicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
lentänedek (plural potential second-person)
lentänedäk (plural potential second-person)
lendäkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
lenteici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
lentäni (plural potential third-person)
lentädäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
lendät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
lentädicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
lendätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
lentädänehen (passive potential)
lendättänehen (passive potential)
lendäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
lenteicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
lentänek (connegative potential)
lentädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lendät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lentädicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
lendätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
lentädänek (connegative passive potential)
lendättänek (connegative passive potential)
lentädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
lentäbä (active participle present)
lentädäpä (participle passive present)
lendättäpä (participle passive present)
lentäde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
lentänüt (active participle past)
lentädü (participle passive past)
lendättü (participle passive past)
lentämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
lentäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: lendama/lennata

Finnish: lentää

→ Northern Sami: leandit (“to rush”)

Ingrian: lentää

Karelian: lenteä

Livonian: lindõ, (Salaca) lind

Ludian: leta

Veps: leta

Võro: lindama/linnadaq

Votic: lentä


lukëdak

lukë- (stem)
lugën (first-person present singular)
lugin (first-person past singular)
luk'on (first-person optative singular)
lugët (present second-person singular)
lugit (past second-person singular)
lugëk (imperative second-person singular)
luk'os (optative second-person singular)
lukëbi (present singular third-person)
luki (present singular third-person)
luki (past singular third-person)
lukkahën (imperative singular third-person)
lukkohën (optative singular third-person)
lugëkmëk (first-person plural present)
lugëkmak (first-person plural present)
lukimëk (first-person past plural)
lukimak (first-person past plural)
lukkadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
lukkadamak (first-person imperative plural)
lukkodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
lukkodamak (first-person optative plural)
lugëktëk (plural present second-person)
lugëktak (plural present second-person)
lukidëk (past plural second-person)
lukidak (past plural second-person)
lukkadë (imperative plural second-person)
lukkada (imperative plural second-person)
luk'ot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
lukkodadak (optative plural second-person)
lukëbat (plural present third-person)
luki (plural present third-person)
luki (past plural third-person)
lukkahën (imperative plural third-person)
lukkohën (optative plural third-person)
lugëksën (passive present)
lugët'aksën (passive present)
lukëdisën (passive past)
lugëttisën (passive past)
lukëdakahën (imperative passive)
lugëttakahën (imperative passive)
lukëdakohën (optative passive)
lugëttakohën (optative passive)
lugëk (connegative present)
luk'ak (connegative imperative)
luk'ok (connegative optative)
lugëktak (connegative passive present)
lukëdagak (connegative imperative passive)
lugëttagak (connegative imperative passive)
lukëdagok (connegative optative passive)
lugëttagok (connegative optative passive)
lugëkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
lukicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
lukënën (first-person potential singular)
lugëkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
lukicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
lukënët (potential second-person singular)
lugëkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
lukici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
lukëni (potential singular third-person)
lugëkcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
lugëkcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
lukicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
lukicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
lukënëmëk (first-person plural potential)
lukënëmak (first-person plural potential)
lugëkcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
lugëkcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
lukicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
lukicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
lukënëdëk (plural potential second-person)
lukënëdak (plural potential second-person)
lugëkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
lukici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
lukëni (plural potential third-person)
lukëdakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
lugët'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
lukëdicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
lugëtticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
lukëdanëhën (passive potential)
lugëttanëhën (passive potential)
lugëkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
lukicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
lukënëk (connegative potential)
lukëdakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lugët'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lukëdicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
lugëtticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
lukëdanëk (connegative passive potential)
lugëttanëk (connegative passive potential)
lukëdak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
lukëba (active participle present)
lukëdapa (participle passive present)
lugëttapa (participle passive present)
lukëdë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
lukënut (active participle past)
lukëdu (participle passive past)
lugëttu (participle passive past)
lukëma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
lukëminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: lugema/lugeda

Finnish: lukea

Ingrian: lukkia

Karelian:

North Karelian: lukie

South Karelian: lugie

Livonian: (Courland) lu’ggõ, (Salaca) lugg

Livvi: lugie

Ludian: lugeda

Veps: lugeda

Võro: lugõma/lukõq

Votic: lukkõa


leütädäk

leütä- (stem)
leüdän (first-person present singular)
leüdein (first-person past singular)
leütägon (first-person optative singular)
leüdät (present second-person singular)
leüdeit (past second-person singular)
leüdäk (imperative second-person singular)
leütägos (optative second-person singular)
leütäbi (present singular third-person)
leütä (present singular third-person)
leütei (past singular third-person)
leütägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
leütägosen (optative singular third-person)
leüdäkmek (first-person plural present)
leüdäkmäk (first-person plural present)
leüteimek (first-person past plural)
leüteimäk (first-person past plural)
leütägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
leütägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
leütägotemek (first-person optative plural)
leütägotämäk (first-person optative plural)
leüdäktek (plural present second-person)
leüdäktäk (plural present second-person)
leüteidek (past plural second-person)
leüteidäk (past plural second-person)
leütägäte (imperative plural second-person)
leütägätä (imperative plural second-person)
leütägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
leütägotädäk (optative plural second-person)
leütäbät (plural present third-person)
leütä (plural present third-person)
leütei (past plural third-person)
leütägäsen (imperative plural third-person)
leütägosen (optative plural third-person)
leüdäksen (passive present)
leüdät'äksen (passive present)
leütädisen (passive past)
leüdättisen (passive past)
leütädäkähen (imperative passive)
leüdättäkähen (imperative passive)
leütädäkohen (optative passive)
leüdättäkohen (optative passive)
leüdäk (connegative present)
leütägäk (connegative imperative)
leütägok (connegative optative)
leüdäktäk (connegative passive present)
leütädägäk (connegative imperative passive)
leüdättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
leütädägok (connegative optative passive)
leüdättägok (connegative optative passive)
leüdäkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
leüteicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
leütänen (first-person potential singular)
leüdäkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
leüteicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
leütänet (potential second-person singular)
leüdäkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
leüteici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
leütäni (potential singular third-person)
leüdäkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
leüdäkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
leüteicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
leüteicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
leütänemek (first-person plural potential)
leütänemäk (first-person plural potential)
leüdäkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
leüdäkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
leüteicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
leüteicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
leütänedek (plural potential second-person)
leütänedäk (plural potential second-person)
leüdäkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
leüteici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
leütäni (plural potential third-person)
leütädäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
leüdät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
leütädicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
leüdätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
leütädänehen (passive potential)
leüdättänehen (passive potential)
leüdäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
leüteicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
leütänek (connegative potential)
leütädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
leüdät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
leütädicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
leüdätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
leütädänek (connegative passive potential)
leüdättänek (connegative passive potential)
leütädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
leütäbä (active participle present)
leütädäpä (participle passive present)
leüdättäpä (participle passive present)
leütäde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
leütänüt (active participle past)
leütädü (participle passive past)
leüdättü (participle passive past)
leütämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
leütäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: leidma/leida

Finnish: löytää

Ingrian: löytää

Karelian: löyteä, löudeä

Livonian: lievd

Livvi: l'öydiä

Ludian: löütä

Veps: löuta, lüuta

Võro: löüdmä/löüdäq

Votic: leütä

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hleutaną (“to obtain, acquire”), or already from earlier Northwest Indo-European *kleuda-. As also in e.g. *keühä and *peütä, adherence to vowel harmony indicates an early date of loaning.
The word has earlier been compared with Hungarian lel (“to find”), and their common ancestor could be reconstructed as *lewdä-. However, an absense of cognates in all other Uralic languages leaves this etymology less certain.


löödäk

löö- (stem)
löön (first-person present singular)
löin (first-person past singular)
löögon (first-person optative singular)
lööt (present second-person singular)
löit (past second-person singular)
löök (imperative second-person singular)
löögos (optative second-person singular)
lööpi (present singular third-person)
löö (present singular third-person)
löi (past singular third-person)
löökähen (imperative singular third-person)
löökohen (optative singular third-person)
löökmek (first-person plural present)
löökmäk (first-person plural present)
löimek (first-person past plural)
löimäk (first-person past plural)
löökädemek (first-person imperative plural)
löökädämäk (first-person imperative plural)
löökodemek (first-person optative plural)
löökodämäk (first-person optative plural)
lööktek (plural present second-person)
lööktäk (plural present second-person)
löidek (past plural second-person)
löidäk (past plural second-person)
löökäde (imperative plural second-person)
löökädä (imperative plural second-person)
löögot'ek (optative plural second-person)
löökodädäk (optative plural second-person)
lööbät (plural present third-person)
löö (plural present third-person)
löi (past plural third-person)
löökähen (imperative plural third-person)
löökohen (optative plural third-person)
lööksen (passive present)
lööt'äksen (passive present)
löötihen (passive past)
lööttihen (passive past)
löötägäsen (imperative passive)
lööttägäsen (imperative passive)
löötägosen (optative passive)
lööttägosen (optative passive)
löök (connegative present)
löögäk (connegative imperative)
löögok (connegative optative)
lööktäk (connegative passive present)
löötägäk (connegative imperative passive)
lööttägäk (connegative imperative passive)
löötägok (connegative optative passive)
lööttägok (connegative optative passive)
löökcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
löicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
löönen (first-person potential singular)
löökcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
löicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
löönet (potential second-person singular)
löökci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
löici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
lööni (potential singular third-person)
löökcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
löökcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
löicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
löicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
löönemek (first-person plural potential)
löönemäk (first-person plural potential)
löökcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
löökcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
löicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
löicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
löönedek (plural potential second-person)
löönedäk (plural potential second-person)
löökci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
löici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
lööni (plural potential third-person)
löödäkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
lööt'äkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
lööticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
löötticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
löötänesen (passive potential)
lööttänesen (passive potential)
löökcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
löicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
löönek (connegative potential)
löödäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lööt'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lööticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
löötticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
löötänek (connegative passive potential)
lööttänek (connegative passive potential)
löödäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
lööpä (active participle present)
löötäbä (participle passive present)
lööttäbä (participle passive present)
lööte- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
löönüt (active participle past)
löötü (participle passive past)
lööttü (participle passive past)
löömä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
lööminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: lööma/lüüa

Finnish: lyödä

Ingrian: löövvä

Karelian: lyyvvä

Livvi: lyvvä

Ludian: lüödä

Veps: löda

Võro: lüümä/lüvväq

Votic: lüvve


pitädäk

pitä- (stem)
pidän (first-person present singular)
pidein (first-person past singular)
pitägon (first-person optative singular)
pidät (present second-person singular)
pideit (past second-person singular)
pidäk (imperative second-person singular)
pitägos (optative second-person singular)
pitäbi (present singular third-person)
pitä (present singular third-person)
pitei (past singular third-person)
pitägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
pitägosen (optative singular third-person)
pidäkmek (first-person plural present)
pidäkmäk (first-person plural present)
piteimek (first-person past plural)
piteimäk (first-person past plural)
pitägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
pitägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
pitägotemek (first-person optative plural)
pitägotämäk (first-person optative plural)
pidäktek (plural present second-person)
pidäktäk (plural present second-person)
piteidek (past plural second-person)
piteidäk (past plural second-person)
pitägäte (imperative plural second-person)
pitägätä (imperative plural second-person)
pitägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
pitägotädäk (optative plural second-person)
pitäbät (plural present third-person)
pitä (plural present third-person)
pitei (past plural third-person)
pitägäsen (imperative plural third-person)
pitägosen (optative plural third-person)
pidäksen (passive present)
pidät'äksen (passive present)
pitädisen (passive past)
pidättisen (passive past)
pitädäkähen (imperative passive)
pidättäkähen (imperative passive)
pitädäkohen (optative passive)
pidättäkohen (optative passive)
pidäk (connegative present)
pitägäk (connegative imperative)
pitägok (connegative optative)
pidäktäk (connegative passive present)
pitädägäk (connegative imperative passive)
pidättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
pitädägok (connegative optative passive)
pidättägok (connegative optative passive)
pidäkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
piteicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
pitänen (first-person potential singular)
pidäkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
piteicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
pitänet (potential second-person singular)
pidäkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
piteici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
pitäni (potential singular third-person)
pidäkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
pidäkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
piteicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
piteicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
pitänemek (first-person plural potential)
pitänemäk (first-person plural potential)
pidäkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
pidäkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
piteicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
piteicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
pitänedek (plural potential second-person)
pitänedäk (plural potential second-person)
pidäkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
piteici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
pitäni (plural potential third-person)
pitädäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
pidät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
pitädicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
pidätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
pitädänehen (passive potential)
pidättänehen (passive potential)
pidäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
piteicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
pitänek (connegative potential)
pitädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
pidät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
pitädicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
pidätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
pitädänek (connegative passive potential)
pidättänek (connegative passive potential)
pitädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
pitäbä (active participle present)
pitädäpä (participle passive present)
pidättäpä (participle passive present)
pitäde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
pitänüt (active participle past)
pitädü (participle passive past)
pidättü (participle passive past)
pitämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
pitäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: pidama/pidada

Finnish: pitää

Ingrian: pittää

Karelian:

North Karelian: pityä

South Karelian: pidiä

Livonian: pi’ddõ, (Salaca) pidd

Livvi: pidiä

Ludian: pidada

Veps: pidäda

Võro: pidämä/pitäq

Votic: pittä


saadak

saa- (stem)
saan (first-person present singular)
sain (first-person past singular)
saagon (first-person optative singular)
saat (present second-person singular)
sait (past second-person singular)
saak (imperative second-person singular)
saagos (optative second-person singular)
saapi (present singular third-person)
saa (present singular third-person)
sai (past singular third-person)
saakahën (imperative singular third-person)
saakohën (optative singular third-person)
saakmëk (first-person plural present)
saakmak (first-person plural present)
saimëk (first-person past plural)
saimak (first-person past plural)
saakadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
saakadamak (first-person imperative plural)
saakodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
saakodamak (first-person optative plural)
saaktëk (plural present second-person)
saaktak (plural present second-person)
saidëk (past plural second-person)
saidak (past plural second-person)
saakadë (imperative plural second-person)
saakada (imperative plural second-person)
saagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
saakodadak (optative plural second-person)
saabat (plural present third-person)
saa (plural present third-person)
sai (past plural third-person)
saakahën (imperative plural third-person)
saakohën (optative plural third-person)
saaksën (passive present)
saat'aksën (passive present)
saatihën (passive past)
saattihën (passive past)
saatagasën (imperative passive)
saattagasën (imperative passive)
saatagosën (optative passive)
saattagosën (optative passive)
saak (connegative present)
saagak (connegative imperative)
saagok (connegative optative)
saaktak (connegative passive present)
saatagak (connegative imperative passive)
saattagak (connegative imperative passive)
saatagok (connegative optative passive)
saattagok (connegative optative passive)
saakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
saicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
saanën (first-person potential singular)
saakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
saicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
saanët (potential second-person singular)
saakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
saici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
saani (potential singular third-person)
saakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
saakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
saicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
saicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
saanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
saanëmak (first-person plural potential)
saakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
saakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
saicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
saicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
saanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
saanëdak (plural potential second-person)
saakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
saici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
saani (plural potential third-person)
saadakcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
saat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
saaticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
saatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
saatanësën (passive potential)
saattanësën (passive potential)
saakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
saicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
saanëk (connegative potential)
saadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
saat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
saaticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
saatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
saatanëk (connegative passive potential)
saattanëk (connegative passive potential)
saadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
saapa (active participle present)
saataba (participle passive present)
saattaba (participle passive present)
saatë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
saanut (active participle past)
saatu (participle passive past)
saattu (participle passive past)
saama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
saaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: saama/saada

Finnish: saada

Ingrian: saavva

Karelian: šuaha

Livonian: sōdõ

Livvi: suaha

Ludian: suada

Veps: sada

Võro: saama/saiaq

Votic: saavvõ


teetädäk

teetä- (stem)
teedän (first-person present singular)
teedein (first-person past singular)
teetägon (first-person optative singular)
teedät (present second-person singular)
teedeit (past second-person singular)
teedäk (imperative second-person singular)
teetägos (optative second-person singular)
teetäbi (present singular third-person)
teetä (present singular third-person)
teetei (past singular third-person)
teetägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
teetägosen (optative singular third-person)
teedäkmek (first-person plural present)
teedäkmäk (first-person plural present)
teeteimek (first-person past plural)
teeteimäk (first-person past plural)
teetägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
teetägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
teetägotemek (first-person optative plural)
teetägotämäk (first-person optative plural)
teedäktek (plural present second-person)
teedäktäk (plural present second-person)
teeteidek (past plural second-person)
teeteidäk (past plural second-person)
teetägäte (imperative plural second-person)
teetägätä (imperative plural second-person)
teetägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
teetägotädäk (optative plural second-person)
teetäbät (plural present third-person)
teetä (plural present third-person)
teetei (past plural third-person)
teetägäsen (imperative plural third-person)
teetägosen (optative plural third-person)
teedäksen (passive present)
teedät'äksen (passive present)
teetädisen (passive past)
teedättisen (passive past)
teetädäkähen (imperative passive)
teedättäkähen (imperative passive)
teetädäkohen (optative passive)
teedättäkohen (optative passive)
teedäk (connegative present)
teetägäk (connegative imperative)
teetägok (connegative optative)
teedäktäk (connegative passive present)
teetädägäk (connegative imperative passive)
teedättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
teetädägok (connegative optative passive)
teedättägok (connegative optative passive)
teedäkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
teeteicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
teetänen (first-person potential singular)
teedäkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
teeteicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
teetänet (potential second-person singular)
teedäkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
teeteici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
teetäni (potential singular third-person)
teedäkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
teedäkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
teeteicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
teeteicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
teetänemek (first-person plural potential)
teetänemäk (first-person plural potential)
teedäkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
teedäkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
teeteicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
teeteicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
teetänedek (plural potential second-person)
teetänedäk (plural potential second-person)
teedäkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
teeteici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
teetäni (plural potential third-person)
teetädäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
teedät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
teetädicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
teedätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
teetädänehen (passive potential)
teedättänehen (passive potential)
teedäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
teeteicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
teetänek (connegative potential)
teetädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
teedät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
teetädicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
teedätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
teetädänek (connegative passive potential)
teedättänek (connegative passive potential)
teetädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
teetäbä (active participle present)
teetädäpä (participle passive present)
teedättäpä (participle passive present)
teetäde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
teetänüt (active participle past)
teetädü (participle passive past)
teedättü (participle passive past)
teetämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
teetäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: teadma/teada

Finnish: tietää

Ingrian: tiitää

Karelian:

North Karelian: tietiä

South Karelian: tiediä

Livonian: tied

Livvi: tiediä

Ludian: tieta

Veps: teta

Võro: tiidmä/teedäq

Votic: täätä

→ Proto-Samic: *tietētēk

Derived from the noun *tee (“road, way”) + *-tädäk. The verb must have originally meant "to know the way".


jäätüdäk

jäätü- (stem)
jäädün (first-person present singular)
jäädüin (first-person past singular)
jäätügon (first-person optative singular)
jäädüt (present second-person singular)
jäädüit (past second-person singular)
jäädük (imperative second-person singular)
jäätügos (optative second-person singular)
jäätübi (present singular third-person)
jäätü (present singular third-person)
jäätüi (past singular third-person)
jäätügäsen (imperative singular third-person)
jäätügosen (optative singular third-person)
jäädükmek (first-person plural present)
jäädükmäk (first-person plural present)
jäätüimek (first-person past plural)
jäätüimäk (first-person past plural)
jäätügätemek (first-person imperative plural)
jäätügätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
jäätügotemek (first-person optative plural)
jäätügotämäk (first-person optative plural)
jäädüktek (plural present second-person)
jäädüktäk (plural present second-person)
jäätüidek (past plural second-person)
jäätüidäk (past plural second-person)
jäätügäte (imperative plural second-person)
jäätügätä (imperative plural second-person)
jäätügot'ek (optative plural second-person)
jäätügotädäk (optative plural second-person)
jäätübät (plural present third-person)
jäätü (plural present third-person)
jäätüi (past plural third-person)
jäätügäsen (imperative plural third-person)
jäätügosen (optative plural third-person)
jäädüksen (passive present)
jäädüt'äksen (passive present)
jäätüdisen (passive past)
jäädüttisen (passive past)
jäätüdäkähen (imperative passive)
jäädüttäkähen (imperative passive)
jäätüdäkohen (optative passive)
jäädüttäkohen (optative passive)
jäädük (connegative present)
jäätügäk (connegative imperative)
jäätügok (connegative optative)
jäädüktäk (connegative passive present)
jäätüdägäk (connegative imperative passive)
jäädüttägäk (connegative imperative passive)
jäätüdägok (connegative optative passive)
jäädüttägok (connegative optative passive)
jäädükcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
jäätüicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
jäätünen (first-person potential singular)
jäädükcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
jäätüicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
jäätünet (potential second-person singular)
jäädükci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
jäätüici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
jäätüni (potential singular third-person)
jäädükcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
jäädükcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
jäätüicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
jäätüicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
jäätünemek (first-person plural potential)
jäätünemäk (first-person plural potential)
jäädükcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
jäädükcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
jäätüicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
jäätüicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
jäätünedek (plural potential second-person)
jäätünedäk (plural potential second-person)
jäädükci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
jäätüici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
jäätüni (plural potential third-person)
jäätüdäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
jäädüt'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
jäätüdicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
jäädütticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
jäätüdänehen (passive potential)
jäädüttänehen (passive potential)
jäädükcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
jäätüicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
jäätünek (connegative potential)
jäätüdäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
jäädüt'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
jäätüdicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
jäädütticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
jäätüdänek (connegative passive potential)
jäädüttänek (connegative passive potential)
jäätüdäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
jäätübä (active participle present)
jäätüdäpä (participle passive present)
jäädüttäpä (participle passive present)
jäätüde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
jäätünüt (active participle past)
jäätüdü (participle passive past)
jäädüttü (participle passive past)
jäätümä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
jäätüminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: jäätuma/jäätuda

Finnish: jäätyä

Karelian: jeätyö

Veps: jäduda

Võro: iätümä/iätüdäq, ijätümä/ijätüdäq

Ingrian: jäättyä

Votic: jäättüä