korjat'ak

korjada- (stem)
korjadan (first-person present singular)
korjacin (first-person past singular)
korjatkon (first-person optative singular)
korjadat (present second-person singular)
korjacit (past second-person singular)
korjadak (imperative second-person singular)
korjatkos (optative second-person singular)
korjadapi (present singular third-person)
korjat (present singular third-person)
korjaci (past singular third-person)
korjatkasën (imperative singular third-person)
korjatkosën (optative singular third-person)
korjadakmëk (first-person plural present)
korjadakmak (first-person plural present)
korjacimëk (first-person past plural)
korjacimak (first-person past plural)
korjatkatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
korjatkatamak (first-person imperative plural)
korjatkotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
korjatkotamak (first-person optative plural)
korjadaktëk (plural present second-person)
korjadaktak (plural present second-person)
korjacidëk (past plural second-person)
korjacidak (past plural second-person)
korjatkatë (imperative plural second-person)
korjatkata (imperative plural second-person)
korjatkot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
korjatkotadak (optative plural second-person)
korjadabat (plural present third-person)
korjat (plural present third-person)
korjaci (past plural third-person)
korjatkasën (imperative plural third-person)
korjatkosën (optative plural third-person)
korjadaksën (passive present)
korjadat'aksën (passive present)
korjattisën (passive past)
korjadattihën (passive past)
korjattakahën (imperative passive)
korjadattagasën (imperative passive)
korjattakohën (optative passive)
korjadattagosën (optative passive)
korjadak (connegative present)
korjatkak (connegative imperative)
korjatkok (connegative optative)
korjadaktak (connegative passive present)
korjattagak (connegative imperative passive)
korjadattagak (connegative imperative passive)
korjattagok (connegative optative passive)
korjadattagok (connegative optative passive)
korjadakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
korjacicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
korjannën (first-person potential singular)
korjadakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
korjacicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
korjannët (potential second-person singular)
korjadakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
korjacici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
korjanni (potential singular third-person)
korjadakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
korjadakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
korjacicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
korjacicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
korjannëmëk (first-person plural potential)
korjannëmak (first-person plural potential)
korjadakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
korjadakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
korjacicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
korjacicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
korjannëdëk (plural potential second-person)
korjannëdak (plural potential second-person)
korjadakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
korjacici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
korjanni (plural potential third-person)
korjat'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
korjadat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
korjatticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
korjadatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
korjattanëhën (passive potential)
korjadattanësën (passive potential)
korjadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
korjacicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
korjannëk (connegative potential)
korjat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
korjadat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
korjatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
korjadatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
korjattanëk (connegative passive potential)
korjadattanëk (connegative passive potential)
korjat'ak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
korjadapa (active participle present)
korjattapa (participle passive present)
korjadattaba (participle passive present)
korjattë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
korjannut (active participle past)
korjattu (participle passive past)
korjadattu (participle passive past)
korjadama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
korjadaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: korjama/korjata

Finnish: korjata

Ingrian: korjata

Karelian:

North Karelian: korjata

South Karelian: korjata

Livonian: kuoŗŗõ

Livvi: korjata

Võro: korjama/kor'adaq

Votic: korjõtõ, >? kõrjõtõ

Probably from Proto-Finno-Permic *korja- + *-t'ak.


nukkudak

nukku- (stem)
nuk'un (first-person present singular)
nuk'uin (first-person past singular)
nukkugon (first-person optative singular)
nuk'ut (present second-person singular)
nuk'uit (past second-person singular)
nuk'uk (imperative second-person singular)
nukkugos (optative second-person singular)
nukkubi (present singular third-person)
nukku (present singular third-person)
nukkui (past singular third-person)
nukkugasën (imperative singular third-person)
nukkugosën (optative singular third-person)
nuk'ukmëk (first-person plural present)
nuk'ukmak (first-person plural present)
nukkuimëk (first-person past plural)
nukkuimak (first-person past plural)
nukkugatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
nukkugatamak (first-person imperative plural)
nukkugotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
nukkugotamak (first-person optative plural)
nuk'uktëk (plural present second-person)
nuk'uktak (plural present second-person)
nukkuidëk (past plural second-person)
nukkuidak (past plural second-person)
nukkugatë (imperative plural second-person)
nukkugata (imperative plural second-person)
nukkugot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
nukkugotadak (optative plural second-person)
nukkubat (plural present third-person)
nukku (plural present third-person)
nukkui (past plural third-person)
nukkugasën (imperative plural third-person)
nukkugosën (optative plural third-person)
nuk'uksën (passive present)
nuk'ut'aksën (passive present)
nukkudisën (passive past)
nuk'uttisën (passive past)
nukkudakahën (imperative passive)
nuk'uttakahën (imperative passive)
nukkudakohën (optative passive)
nuk'uttakohën (optative passive)
nuk'uk (connegative present)
nukkugak (connegative imperative)
nukkugok (connegative optative)
nuk'uktak (connegative passive present)
nukkudagak (connegative imperative passive)
nuk'uttagak (connegative imperative passive)
nukkudagok (connegative optative passive)
nuk'uttagok (connegative optative passive)
nuk'ukcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
nukkuicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
nukkunën (first-person potential singular)
nuk'ukcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
nukkuicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
nukkunët (potential second-person singular)
nuk'ukci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
nukkuici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
nukkuni (potential singular third-person)
nuk'ukcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
nuk'ukcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
nukkuicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
nukkuicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
nukkunëmëk (first-person plural potential)
nukkunëmak (first-person plural potential)
nuk'ukcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
nuk'ukcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
nukkuicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
nukkuicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
nukkunëdëk (plural potential second-person)
nukkunëdak (plural potential second-person)
nuk'ukci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
nukkuici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
nukkuni (plural potential third-person)
nukkudakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
nuk'ut'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
nukkudicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
nuk'utticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
nukkudanëhën (passive potential)
nuk'uttanëhën (passive potential)
nuk'ukcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
nukkuicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
nukkunëk (connegative potential)
nukkudakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
nuk'ut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
nukkudicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
nuk'utticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
nukkudanëk (connegative passive potential)
nuk'uttanëk (connegative passive potential)
nukkudak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
nukkuba (active participle present)
nukkudapa (participle passive present)
nuk'uttapa (participle passive present)
nukkudë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
nukkunut (active participle past)
nukkudu (participle passive past)
nuk'uttu (participle passive past)
nukkuma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
nukkuminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: tukkuma/tukkuda, (dialectal) nukkuma/nukkuda

Finnish: nukkua

Ingrian: nukkua

Karelian:

North Karelian: nukkuo

South Karelian: nukkuo

Livonian: tukkõ

Livvi: nukkuo

Ludian: nukkuda

Veps: nukkuda

Votic: nukkua

→? Proto-Samic: *nokkëtēk (see there for further descendants)

Unknown. Possibly related to *nookkudak.


ülkä

ülkä (nominative singular)
ülgät (nominative plural)
ülgän (accusative singular)
ülgät (accusative plural)
ülgän (genitive singular)
ülkäden (genitive plural)
ülkeiden (genitive plural)
ülkädä (partitive singular)
ülkeidä (partitive plural)
ülgässä (inessive singular)
ülgähnä (inessive singular)
ülgeissä (inessive plural)
ülgeihnä (inessive plural)
ülgästä (elative singular)
ülgeistä (elative plural)
ülkähen (illative singular)
ülkeihen (illative plural)
ülgällä (adessive singular)
ülgeillä (adessive plural)
ülgältä (ablative singular)
ülgeiltä (ablative plural)
ülkälen (allative singular)
ülkälek (allative singular)
ülkeilen (allative plural)
ülkeilek (allative plural)
ülkänä (essive singular)
ülkeinä (essive plural)
ülgäksi (singular translative)
ülgeiksi (plural translative)
ülgän (instructive singular)
ülgein (instructive plural)
ülkänek (comitative singular)
ülkeinek (comitative plural)
ülgättä (abessive singular)
ülgeittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: (dialectal, obsolete) ülg

Finnish: (archaic) ylkä

Võro: ülä

Cognate with Proto-Samic *ëlkē. Like *ürkä (Finnish yrkä), probably from Proto-Uralic *irkä, *ürkä (“man, son, boy”).


tadëh

Finnic (Northern)
tadëh (nominative singular)
tatëhët (nominative plural)
tatëhën (accusative singular)
tatëhët (accusative plural)
tatëhën (genitive singular)
tadëhtën (genitive plural)
tatëhidën (genitive plural)
tadëhta (partitive singular)
tatëhita (partitive plural)
tatëhëssa (inessive singular)
tatëhëhna (inessive singular)
tatëhissa (inessive plural)
tatëhihna (inessive plural)
tatëhësta (elative singular)
tatëhista (elative plural)
tatëhësën (illative singular)
tatëhisën (illative plural)
tatëhëlla (adessive singular)
tatëhilla (adessive plural)
tatëhëlta (ablative singular)
tatëhilta (ablative plural)
tatëhëlën (allative singular)
tatëhëlëk (allative singular)
tatëhilën (allative plural)
tatëhilëk (allative plural)
tatëhëna (essive singular)
tatëhina (essive plural)
tatëhëksi (singular translative)
tatëhiksi (plural translative)
tatëhën (instructive singular)
tatëhin (instructive plural)
tatëhënëk (comitative singular)
tatëhinëk (comitative plural)
tatëhëtta (abessive singular)
tatëhitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: (obsolete) tade

Ingrian: tae

Karelian:

North Karelian: tuah

South Karelian: taeh, tajeh

Ludian: tadeh

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *tadą (whence Icelandic tað) and derived with + *-ëh.


seemi

seemi (nominative singular)
seemet (nominative plural)
seemen (accusative singular)
seemet (accusative plural)
seemen (genitive singular)
seenden (genitive plural)
seemiden (genitive plural)
seentä (partitive singular)
seemidä (partitive plural)
seemessä (inessive singular)
seemehnä (inessive singular)
seemissä (inessive plural)
seemihnä (inessive plural)
seemestä (elative singular)
seemistä (elative plural)
seemehen (illative singular)
seemihen (illative plural)
seemellä (adessive singular)
seemillä (adessive plural)
seemeltä (ablative singular)
seemiltä (ablative plural)
seemelen (allative singular)
seemelek (allative singular)
seemilen (allative plural)
seemilek (allative plural)
seemenä (essive singular)
seeminä (essive plural)
seemeksi (singular translative)
seemiksi (plural translative)
seemen (instructive singular)
seemin (instructive plural)
seemenek (comitative singular)
seeminek (comitative plural)
seemettä (abessive singular)
seemittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: seem (dialectal)

Finnish: siemi (dialectal)

⇒ Finnish: siemaista

⇒ Livonian: sēmḑa

Estonian: sõõm

Võro: syym

From Proto-Finno-Permic *śäme- (whence Erzya симомс (śimoms, “to drink”)).


lipëda

lipëda (nominative singular)
lipëdat (nominative plural)
lipëdan (accusative singular)
lipëdat (accusative plural)
lipëdan (genitive singular)
lipëdadën (genitive plural)
lipëdëidën (genitive plural)
lipëdata (partitive singular)
lipëdëita (partitive plural)
lipëdassa (inessive singular)
lipëdahna (inessive singular)
lipëdëissa (inessive plural)
lipëdëihna (inessive plural)
lipëdasta (elative singular)
lipëdëista (elative plural)
lipëdasën (illative singular)
lipëdëisën (illative plural)
lipëdalla (adessive singular)
lipëdëilla (adessive plural)
lipëdalta (ablative singular)
lipëdëilta (ablative plural)
lipëdalën (allative singular)
lipëdalëk (allative singular)
lipëdëilën (allative plural)
lipëdëilëk (allative plural)
lipëdana (essive singular)
lipëdëina (essive plural)
lipëdaksi (singular translative)
lipëdëiksi (plural translative)
lipëdan (instructive singular)
lipëdëin (instructive plural)
lipëdanëk (comitative singular)
lipëdëinëk (comitative plural)
lipëdatta (abessive singular)
lipëdëitta (abessive plural)

q

or <i class="Latn mention" lang="urj-fin-pro">*lipedä</i>, ambiguous

Estonian: libe (or *lipedä, ambiguous)

desc

Livonian: (Courland) libḑi, (Salaca) libdi

Võro: lipõ

Votic: lippia, (Kattila, Lempola, Mati) lipõa

Finnish: lipeä

Ingrian: lippiä

Karelian: lipie, libie

Livvi: libei

Ludian: libed

Veps: libed

Votic: lippiä

Unknown, possibly sound-symbolic, but apparently contains the suffix *-ëda.


ahnëh

ahnëh (nominative singular)
ahnëhët (nominative plural)
ahnëhën (accusative singular)
ahnëhët (accusative plural)
ahnëhën (genitive singular)
ahnëhtën (genitive plural)
ahnëhidën (genitive plural)
ahnëhta (partitive singular)
ahnëhita (partitive plural)
ahnëhëssa (inessive singular)
ahnëhëhna (inessive singular)
ahnëhissa (inessive plural)
ahnëhihna (inessive plural)
ahnëhësta (elative singular)
ahnëhista (elative plural)
ahnëhësën (illative singular)
ahnëhisën (illative plural)
ahnëhëlla (adessive singular)
ahnëhilla (adessive plural)
ahnëhëlta (ablative singular)
ahnëhilta (ablative plural)
ahnëhëlën (allative singular)
ahnëhëlëk (allative singular)
ahnëhilën (allative plural)
ahnëhilëk (allative plural)
ahnëhëna (essive singular)
ahnëhina (essive plural)
ahnëhëksi (singular translative)
ahnëhiksi (plural translative)
ahnëhën (instructive singular)
ahnëhin (instructive plural)
ahnëhënëk (comitative singular)
ahnëhinëk (comitative plural)
ahnëhëtta (abessive singular)
ahnëhitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: ahne

Finnish: ahne

Karelian:

North Karelian: ahneh

South Karelian: (dialectal) ahneh

Livvi: ahneh

Võro: ahnõq

Votic: ahnõ


mööhä

mööhä (nominative singular)
mööhät (nominative plural)
mööhän (accusative singular)
mööhät (accusative plural)
mööhän (genitive singular)
mööhäden (genitive plural)
mööheiden (genitive plural)
mööhädä (partitive singular)
mööheidä (partitive plural)
mööhässä (inessive singular)
mööhähnä (inessive singular)
mööheissä (inessive plural)
mööheihnä (inessive plural)
mööhästä (elative singular)
mööheistä (elative plural)
mööhähen (illative singular)
mööheihen (illative plural)
mööhällä (adessive singular)
mööheillä (adessive plural)
mööhältä (ablative singular)
mööheiltä (ablative plural)
mööhälen (allative singular)
mööhälek (allative singular)
mööheilen (allative plural)
mööheilek (allative plural)
mööhänä (essive singular)
mööheinä (essive plural)
mööhäksi (singular translative)
mööheiksi (plural translative)
mööhän (instructive singular)
mööhein (instructive plural)
mööhänek (comitative singular)
mööheinek (comitative plural)
mööhättä (abessive singular)
mööheittä (abessive plural)

Finnish: myöhä

Ingrian: mööhä

Karelian: myöhä

Veps: möhä

Votic: müühe


kündüs

kündüs (nominative singular)
kündükset (nominative plural)
kündüksen (accusative singular)
kündükset (accusative plural)
kündüksen (genitive singular)
kündüsten (genitive plural)
kündüksiden (genitive plural)
kündüstä (partitive singular)
kündüksitä (partitive plural)
kündüksessä (inessive singular)
kündüksehnä (inessive singular)
kündüksissä (inessive plural)
kündüksihnä (inessive plural)
kündüksestä (elative singular)
kündüksistä (elative plural)
kündüksesen (illative singular)
kündüksisen (illative plural)
kündüksellä (adessive singular)
kündüksillä (adessive plural)
kündükseltä (ablative singular)
kündüksiltä (ablative plural)
kündükselen (allative singular)
kündükselek (allative singular)
kündüksilen (allative plural)
kündüksilek (allative plural)
kündüssä (essive singular)
kündüksinä (essive plural)
kündükseksi (singular translative)
kündüksiksi (plural translative)
kündüksen (instructive singular)
kündüksin (instructive plural)
kündüssek (comitative singular)
kündüksinek (comitative plural)
kündüksettä (abessive singular)
kündüksittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: künnis

Finnish: kynnys

Ingrian: kynnys

Karelian: kynnyš

Livonian: kīndõks

Livvi: kyńńys

Ludian: kündüs

Veps: künduz

Votic: tšünnüz

From earlier *küntükse, related to Inari Sami koozâš, Kemi Sami kuddoš and Erzya кенкш (kenkš). Possibly an old *-us derivative of *künci.


togëh

togëh (nominative singular)
tokëhët (nominative plural)
tokëhën (accusative singular)
tokëhët (accusative plural)
tokëhën (genitive singular)
togëhtën (genitive plural)
tokëhidën (genitive plural)
togëhta (partitive singular)
tokëhita (partitive plural)
tokëhëssa (inessive singular)
tokëhëhna (inessive singular)
tokëhissa (inessive plural)
tokëhihna (inessive plural)
tokëhësta (elative singular)
tokëhista (elative plural)
tokëhësën (illative singular)
tokëhisën (illative plural)
tokëhëlla (adessive singular)
tokëhilla (adessive plural)
tokëhëlta (ablative singular)
tokëhilta (ablative plural)
tokëhëlën (allative singular)
tokëhëlëk (allative singular)
tokëhilën (allative plural)
tokëhilëk (allative plural)
tokëhëna (essive singular)
tokëhina (essive plural)
tokëhëksi (singular translative)
tokëhiksi (plural translative)
tokëhën (instructive singular)
tokëhin (instructive plural)
tokëhënëk (comitative singular)
tokëhinëk (comitative plural)
tokëhëtta (abessive singular)
tokëhitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: tõke

Finnish: toe

Ingrian: toe

Livonian: to’ggõd, to’ugõd

Votic: tõgõ

From earlier *tokëš, borrowed from Proto-Baltic *takis (whence Latvian tacis and Lithuanian takišys).


türä

türä (nominative singular)
türät (nominative plural)
türän (accusative singular)
türät (accusative plural)
türän (genitive singular)
türäden (genitive plural)
türeiden (genitive plural)
türädä (partitive singular)
türeidä (partitive plural)
türässä (inessive singular)
türähnä (inessive singular)
türeissä (inessive plural)
türeihnä (inessive plural)
türästä (elative singular)
türeistä (elative plural)
türähen (illative singular)
türeihen (illative plural)
türällä (adessive singular)
türeillä (adessive plural)
türältä (ablative singular)
türeiltä (ablative plural)
türälen (allative singular)
türälek (allative singular)
türeilen (allative plural)
türeilek (allative plural)
türänä (essive singular)
türeinä (essive plural)
türäksi (singular translative)
türeiksi (plural translative)
türän (instructive singular)
türein (instructive plural)
türänek (comitative singular)
türeinek (comitative plural)
türättä (abessive singular)
türeittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: türa

Finnish: tyrä

Ingrian: tyrä

Karelian: tyrä

Livonian: tirā

Livvi: tyrä

Ludian: türä

Võro: türä

Votic: (Rajo) türä

Kukkuzi: türä


itädäk

itä- (stem)
idän (first-person present singular)
idein (first-person past singular)
itägon (first-person optative singular)
idät (present second-person singular)
ideit (past second-person singular)
idäk (imperative second-person singular)
itägos (optative second-person singular)
itäbi (present singular third-person)
itä (present singular third-person)
itei (past singular third-person)
itägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
itägosen (optative singular third-person)
idäkmek (first-person plural present)
idäkmäk (first-person plural present)
iteimek (first-person past plural)
iteimäk (first-person past plural)
itägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
itägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
itägotemek (first-person optative plural)
itägotämäk (first-person optative plural)
idäktek (plural present second-person)
idäktäk (plural present second-person)
iteidek (past plural second-person)
iteidäk (past plural second-person)
itägäte (imperative plural second-person)
itägätä (imperative plural second-person)
itägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
itägotädäk (optative plural second-person)
itäbät (plural present third-person)
itä (plural present third-person)
itei (past plural third-person)
itägäsen (imperative plural third-person)
itägosen (optative plural third-person)
idäksen (passive present)
idät'äksen (passive present)
itädisen (passive past)
idättisen (passive past)
itädäkähen (imperative passive)
idättäkähen (imperative passive)
itädäkohen (optative passive)
idättäkohen (optative passive)
idäk (connegative present)
itägäk (connegative imperative)
itägok (connegative optative)
idäktäk (connegative passive present)
itädägäk (connegative imperative passive)
idättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
itädägok (connegative optative passive)
idättägok (connegative optative passive)
idäkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
iteicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
itänen (first-person potential singular)
idäkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
iteicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
itänet (potential second-person singular)
idäkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
iteici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
itäni (potential singular third-person)
idäkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
idäkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
iteicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
iteicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
itänemek (first-person plural potential)
itänemäk (first-person plural potential)
idäkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
idäkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
iteicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
iteicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
itänedek (plural potential second-person)
itänedäk (plural potential second-person)
idäkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
iteici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
itäni (plural potential third-person)
itädäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
idät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
itädicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
idätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
itädänehen (passive potential)
idättänehen (passive potential)
idäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
iteicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
itänek (connegative potential)
itädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
idät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
itädicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
idätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
itädänek (connegative passive potential)
idättänek (connegative passive potential)
itädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
itäbä (active participle present)
itädäpä (participle passive present)
idättäpä (participle passive present)
itäde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
itänüt (active participle past)
itädü (participle passive past)
idättü (participle passive past)
itämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
itäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: ⇒ idanema/idaneda

Finnish: itää

Ingrian: ittää

Karelian:

North Karelian: itöä

South Karelian: idiä

Livonian: i’ddõ

Livvi: idiä

Ludian: idädä

Veps: idäda

Võro: ⇒ idänemä/idänedäq

Votic: iäte

→ Proto-Samic: *itētēk (see there for further descendants)


looko

looko (nominative singular)
loogot (nominative plural)
loogon (accusative singular)
loogot (accusative plural)
loogon (genitive singular)
lookodën (genitive plural)
lookoidën (genitive plural)
lookoda (partitive singular)
lookoida (partitive plural)
loogossa (inessive singular)
loogohna (inessive singular)
loogoissa (inessive plural)
loogoihna (inessive plural)
loogosta (elative singular)
loogoista (elative plural)
lookohën (illative singular)
lookoihën (illative plural)
loogolla (adessive singular)
loogoilla (adessive plural)
loogolta (ablative singular)
loogoilta (ablative plural)
lookolën (allative singular)
lookolëk (allative singular)
lookoilën (allative plural)
lookoilëk (allative plural)
lookona (essive singular)
lookoina (essive plural)
loogoksi (singular translative)
loogoiksi (plural translative)
loogon (instructive singular)
loogoin (instructive plural)
lookonëk (comitative singular)
lookoinëk (comitative plural)
loogotta (abessive singular)
loogoitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: loog

Finnish: luoko

→ Northern Sami: luohku

Karelian:

North Karelian: luoko

South Karelian: luogo

Livvi: luogo

Ludian: luog

Veps: logo

Votic: looko, (rare) looku

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic [Term?] (compare dialectal Swedish slog (“haymaking”) and Icelandic slægja (“newly-harvested grass”)).

cog

windrow (cut grain or hay allowed to dry in a field)


toohi

toohi (nominative singular)
toohët (nominative plural)
toohën (accusative singular)
toohët (accusative plural)
toohën (genitive singular)
toohtën (genitive plural)
toohidën (genitive plural)
toohta (partitive singular)
toohida (partitive plural)
toohëssa (inessive singular)
toohëhna (inessive singular)
toohissa (inessive plural)
toohihna (inessive plural)
toohësta (elative singular)
toohista (elative plural)
toohëhën (illative singular)
toohihën (illative plural)
toohëlla (adessive singular)
toohilla (adessive plural)
toohëlta (ablative singular)
toohilta (ablative plural)
toohëlën (allative singular)
toohëlëk (allative singular)
toohilën (allative plural)
toohilëk (allative plural)
toohëna (essive singular)
toohina (essive plural)
toohëksi (singular translative)
toohiksi (plural translative)
toohën (instructive singular)
toohin (instructive plural)
toohënëk (comitative singular)
toohinëk (comitative plural)
toohëtta (abessive singular)
toohitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: toht

Finnish: tuohi

Ingrian: toohi

Karelian: tuohi

Livonian: tū’oigõz

Livvi: tuohi

Ludian: tuoh

Veps: tohi

Votic: toho

From earlier *tooši, borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian tāss and Lithuanian tošis).


nolki

nolki (nominative singular)
nolgët (nominative plural)
nolgën (accusative singular)
nolgët (accusative plural)
nolgën (genitive singular)
nolkëdën (genitive plural)
nolkidën (genitive plural)
nolkëda (partitive singular)
nolkida (partitive plural)
nolgëssa (inessive singular)
nolgëhna (inessive singular)
nolgissa (inessive plural)
nolgihna (inessive plural)
nolgësta (elative singular)
nolgista (elative plural)
nolkëhën (illative singular)
nolkihën (illative plural)
nolgëlla (adessive singular)
nolgilla (adessive plural)
nolgëlta (ablative singular)
nolgilta (ablative plural)
nolkëlën (allative singular)
nolkëlëk (allative singular)
nolkilën (allative plural)
nolkilëk (allative plural)
nolkëna (essive singular)
nolkina (essive plural)
nolgëksi (singular translative)
nolgiksi (plural translative)
nolgën (instructive singular)
nolgin (instructive plural)
nolkënëk (comitative singular)
nolkinëk (comitative plural)
nolgëtta (abessive singular)
nolgitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: nõlg

Finnish: nolki

Karelian: ńolki, ńolgi

Livonian: noļg

Livvi: ńolgi

Ludian: ńolg

Võro: nõlg'

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *ńolke (“saliva, spittle, snot”). Cognates include Northern Sami snuolga (“snot”) and Hungarian nyál (“saliva”).


heittädäk

heittä- (stem)
heit'än (first-person present singular)
heit'ein (first-person past singular)
heittägon (first-person optative singular)
heit'ät (present second-person singular)
heit'eit (past second-person singular)
heit'äk (imperative second-person singular)
heittägos (optative second-person singular)
heittäbi (present singular third-person)
heittä (present singular third-person)
heittei (past singular third-person)
heittägäsen (imperative singular third-person)
heittägosen (optative singular third-person)
heit'äkmek (first-person plural present)
heit'äkmäk (first-person plural present)
heitteimek (first-person past plural)
heitteimäk (first-person past plural)
heittägätemek (first-person imperative plural)
heittägätämäk (first-person imperative plural)
heittägotemek (first-person optative plural)
heittägotämäk (first-person optative plural)
heit'äktek (plural present second-person)
heit'äktäk (plural present second-person)
heitteidek (past plural second-person)
heitteidäk (past plural second-person)
heittägäte (imperative plural second-person)
heittägätä (imperative plural second-person)
heittägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
heittägotädäk (optative plural second-person)
heittäbät (plural present third-person)
heittä (plural present third-person)
heittei (past plural third-person)
heittägäsen (imperative plural third-person)
heittägosen (optative plural third-person)
heit'äksen (passive present)
heit'ät'äksen (passive present)
heittädisen (passive past)
heit'ättisen (passive past)
heittädäkähen (imperative passive)
heit'ättäkähen (imperative passive)
heittädäkohen (optative passive)
heit'ättäkohen (optative passive)
heit'äk (connegative present)
heittägäk (connegative imperative)
heittägok (connegative optative)
heit'äktäk (connegative passive present)
heittädägäk (connegative imperative passive)
heit'ättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
heittädägok (connegative optative passive)
heit'ättägok (connegative optative passive)
heit'äkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
heitteicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
heittänen (first-person potential singular)
heit'äkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
heitteicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
heittänet (potential second-person singular)
heit'äkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
heitteici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
heittäni (potential singular third-person)
heit'äkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
heit'äkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
heitteicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
heitteicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
heittänemek (first-person plural potential)
heittänemäk (first-person plural potential)
heit'äkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
heit'äkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
heitteicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
heitteicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
heittänedek (plural potential second-person)
heittänedäk (plural potential second-person)
heit'äkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
heitteici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
heittäni (plural potential third-person)
heittädäkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
heit'ät'äkcihen (conditional conditional-i passive)
heittädicihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
heit'ätticihen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
heittädänehen (passive potential)
heit'ättänehen (passive potential)
heit'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
heitteicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
heittänek (connegative potential)
heittädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
heit'ät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
heittädicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
heit'ätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
heittädänek (connegative passive potential)
heit'ättänek (connegative passive potential)
heittädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
heittäbä (active participle present)
heittädäpä (participle passive present)
heit'ättäpä (participle passive present)
heittäde- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
heittänüt (active participle past)
heittädü (participle passive past)
heit'ättü (participle passive past)
heittämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
heittäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: heitma/heita

Finnish: heittää

Ingrian: heittää

→ Votic: heittä

Karelian: heitteä

Livonian: eitõ, eit

Livvi: heittiä

Ludian: heittädä

Veps: heitta, hiitta

Võro: heitmä/heitäq

Votic: eittää (Mati)

Possibly from earlier *šej-, borrowed from early Proto-Germanic *sēja-/*sēje- (later *sēaną) + *-ttädäk.


toipudak

toipu- (stem)
toibun (first-person present singular)
toibuin (first-person past singular)
toipugon (first-person optative singular)
toibut (present second-person singular)
toibuit (past second-person singular)
toibuk (imperative second-person singular)
toipugos (optative second-person singular)
toipubi (present singular third-person)
toipu (present singular third-person)
toipui (past singular third-person)
toipugasën (imperative singular third-person)
toipugosën (optative singular third-person)
toibukmëk (first-person plural present)
toibukmak (first-person plural present)
toipuimëk (first-person past plural)
toipuimak (first-person past plural)
toipugatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
toipugatamak (first-person imperative plural)
toipugotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
toipugotamak (first-person optative plural)
toibuktëk (plural present second-person)
toibuktak (plural present second-person)
toipuidëk (past plural second-person)
toipuidak (past plural second-person)
toipugatë (imperative plural second-person)
toipugata (imperative plural second-person)
toipugot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
toipugotadak (optative plural second-person)
toipubat (plural present third-person)
toipu (plural present third-person)
toipui (past plural third-person)
toipugasën (imperative plural third-person)
toipugosën (optative plural third-person)
toibuksën (passive present)
toibut'aksën (passive present)
toipudisën (passive past)
toibuttisën (passive past)
toipudakahën (imperative passive)
toibuttakahën (imperative passive)
toipudakohën (optative passive)
toibuttakohën (optative passive)
toibuk (connegative present)
toipugak (connegative imperative)
toipugok (connegative optative)
toibuktak (connegative passive present)
toipudagak (connegative imperative passive)
toibuttagak (connegative imperative passive)
toipudagok (connegative optative passive)
toibuttagok (connegative optative passive)
toibukcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
toipuicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
toipunën (first-person potential singular)
toibukcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
toipuicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
toipunët (potential second-person singular)
toibukci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
toipuici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
toipuni (potential singular third-person)
toibukcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
toibukcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
toipuicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
toipuicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
toipunëmëk (first-person plural potential)
toipunëmak (first-person plural potential)
toibukcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
toibukcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
toipuicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
toipuicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
toipunëdëk (plural potential second-person)
toipunëdak (plural potential second-person)
toibukci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
toipuici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
toipuni (plural potential third-person)
toipudakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
toibut'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
toipudicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
toibutticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
toipudanëhën (passive potential)
toibuttanëhën (passive potential)
toibukcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
toipuicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
toipunëk (connegative potential)
toipudakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
toibut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
toipudicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
toibutticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
toipudanëk (connegative passive potential)
toibuttanëk (connegative passive potential)
toipudak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
toipuba (active participle present)
toipudapa (participle passive present)
toibuttapa (participle passive present)
toipudë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
toipunut (active participle past)
toipudu (participle passive past)
toibuttu (participle passive past)
toipuma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
toipuminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: toibuma/toibuda

Finnish: toipua

Karelian: toipuo, toibuo

Livvi: toibuo

Ludian: toibduda

Veps: toibuda

Võro: toibuma/toibudaq

From *toi- + *-pudak. Akin to *toittadak (“to provide (for)”), which gave Estonian toitma (“to feed”), Livonian tuoitõ (“to provide (for)”) and Finnish toittaa (“(dialectal) to affect”).
No further etymology is known. Possibly also connected with *toimi, which has multiple theories. The root is also seemingly found in Finnish tointua (“to regain consciousness”), Ingrian tointaa (“to be worthwhile”) and Karelian tointaa (“id.”), but the final two may be derived from *toimi instead. In that case, they may have inspired affix substitution, resulting in a new family of words that can ultimately be traced back to *toimi.

cog

to recover, to recuperate, to convalesce


rooja

rooja (nominative singular)
roojat (nominative plural)
roojan (accusative singular)
roojat (accusative plural)
roojan (genitive singular)
roojadën (genitive plural)
roojëidën (genitive plural)
roojada (partitive singular)
roojëida (partitive plural)
roojassa (inessive singular)
roojahna (inessive singular)
roojëissa (inessive plural)
roojëihna (inessive plural)
roojasta (elative singular)
roojëista (elative plural)
roojahën (illative singular)
roojëihën (illative plural)
roojalla (adessive singular)
roojëilla (adessive plural)
roojalta (ablative singular)
roojëilta (ablative plural)
roojalën (allative singular)
roojalëk (allative singular)
roojëilën (allative plural)
roojëilëk (allative plural)
roojana (essive singular)
roojëina (essive plural)
roojaksi (singular translative)
roojëiksi (plural translative)
roojan (instructive singular)
roojëin (instructive plural)
roojanëk (comitative singular)
roojëinëk (comitative plural)
roojatta (abessive singular)
roojëitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: roe

Finnish: ruoja

Ingrian: rooja

Karelian: ruoja

Votic: roojõ


sulhainën

sulhainën (nominative singular)
sulhaicët (nominative plural)
sulhaicën (accusative singular)
sulhaicët (accusative plural)
sulhaicën (genitive singular)
sulhaictën (genitive plural)
sulhaicidën (genitive plural)
sulhaicta (partitive singular)
sulhaicita (partitive plural)
sulhaicëssa (inessive singular)
sulhaicëhna (inessive singular)
sulhaicissa (inessive plural)
sulhaicihna (inessive plural)
sulhaicësta (elative singular)
sulhaicista (elative plural)
sulhaicësën (illative singular)
sulhaicisën (illative plural)
sulhaicëlla (adessive singular)
sulhaicilla (adessive plural)
sulhaicëlta (ablative singular)
sulhaicilta (ablative plural)
sulhaicëlën (allative singular)
sulhaicëlëk (allative singular)
sulhaicilën (allative plural)
sulhaicilëk (allative plural)
sulhainna (essive singular)
sulhaicina (essive plural)
sulhaicëksi (singular translative)
sulhaiciksi (plural translative)
sulhaicën (instructive singular)
sulhaicin (instructive plural)
sulhainnëk (comitative singular)
sulhaicinëk (comitative plural)
sulhaicëtta (abessive singular)
sulhaicitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: sulane

Finnish: sulhanen

Ingrian: sulhain

Karelian:

North Karelian: šulhani

South Karelian: šulhane

Livonian: su’lli

Livvi: sulhaine

Ludian: sulhaine

Võro: sulanõ, sulahanõ

Votic: (Kattila) sulhanõ

→ Latvian: sulainis

Possibly derived from *sula (cf. Karelian sula (“gentle, kind, groom”) and Veps sula (“dear”)). Alternatively from Proto-Slavic *sluga, with metathesis. In any case, contains *-inën.


turbëh

turbëh (nominative singular)
turpëhët (nominative plural)
turpëhën (accusative singular)
turpëhët (accusative plural)
turpëhën (genitive singular)
turbëhtën (genitive plural)
turpëhidën (genitive plural)
turbëhta (partitive singular)
turpëhita (partitive plural)
turpëhëssa (inessive singular)
turpëhëhna (inessive singular)
turpëhissa (inessive plural)
turpëhihna (inessive plural)
turpëhësta (elative singular)
turpëhista (elative plural)
turpëhësën (illative singular)
turpëhisën (illative plural)
turpëhëlla (adessive singular)
turpëhilla (adessive plural)
turpëhëlta (ablative singular)
turpëhilta (ablative plural)
turpëhëlën (allative singular)
turpëhëlëk (allative singular)
turpëhilën (allative plural)
turpëhilëk (allative plural)
turpëhëna (essive singular)
turpëhina (essive plural)
turpëhëksi (singular translative)
turpëhiksi (plural translative)
turpëhën (instructive singular)
turpëhin (instructive plural)
turpëhënëk (comitative singular)
turpëhinëk (comitative plural)
turpëhëtta (abessive singular)
turpëhitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: turve

Ingrian: turve

Karelian: turveh

Livvi: turveh

Ludian: turbiž, turbeh

Veps: turbiž, turbez

Votic: turvõ

Estonian: turvas

Finnish: turvas (dialectal)

Livonian: dūrbal

Veps: turbaz

Võro: turbas

Votic: turvaz (Kattila)


armastadak

armasta- (stem)
armastan (first-person present singular)
armastoin (first-person past singular)
armastagon (first-person optative singular)
armastat (present second-person singular)
armastoit (past second-person singular)
armastak (imperative second-person singular)
armastagos (optative second-person singular)
armastapi (present singular third-person)
armasta (present singular third-person)
armastoi (past singular third-person)
armastakahën (imperative singular third-person)
armastakohën (optative singular third-person)
armastakmëk (first-person plural present)
armastakmak (first-person plural present)
armastoimëk (first-person past plural)
armastoimak (first-person past plural)
armastakadëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
armastakadamak (first-person imperative plural)
armastakodëmëk (first-person optative plural)
armastakodamak (first-person optative plural)
armastaktëk (plural present second-person)
armastaktak (plural present second-person)
armastoidëk (past plural second-person)
armastoidak (past plural second-person)
armastakadë (imperative plural second-person)
armastakada (imperative plural second-person)
armastagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
armastakodadak (optative plural second-person)
armastabat (plural present third-person)
armasta (plural present third-person)
armastoi (past plural third-person)
armastakahën (imperative plural third-person)
armastakohën (optative plural third-person)
armastaksën (passive present)
armastat'aksën (passive present)
armastatihën (passive past)
armastattihën (passive past)
armastatagasën (imperative passive)
armastattagasën (imperative passive)
armastatagosën (optative passive)
armastattagosën (optative passive)
armastak (connegative present)
armastagak (connegative imperative)
armastagok (connegative optative)
armastaktak (connegative passive present)
armastatagak (connegative imperative passive)
armastattagak (connegative imperative passive)
armastatagok (connegative optative passive)
armastattagok (connegative optative passive)
armastakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
armastoicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
armastanën (first-person potential singular)
armastakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
armastoicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
armastanët (potential second-person singular)
armastakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
armastoici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
armastani (potential singular third-person)
armastakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
armastakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
armastoicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
armastoicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
armastanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
armastanëmak (first-person plural potential)
armastakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
armastakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
armastoicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
armastoicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
armastanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
armastanëdak (plural potential second-person)
armastakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
armastoici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
armastani (plural potential third-person)
armastadakcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
armastat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
armastaticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
armastatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
armastatanësën (passive potential)
armastattanësën (passive potential)
armastakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
armastoicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
armastanëk (connegative potential)
armastadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
armastat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
armastaticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
armastatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
armastatanëk (connegative passive potential)
armastattanëk (connegative passive potential)
armastadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
armastapa (active participle present)
armastataba (participle passive present)
armastattaba (participle passive present)
armastatë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
armastanut (active participle past)
armastatu (participle passive past)
armastattu (participle passive past)
armastama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
armastaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: armastama/armastada

Finnish: armastaa (archaic)

Ingrian: armastaa

Karelian:

North Karelian: armaštua

South Karelian: armaštua

Livonian: ārmaztõ

Livvi: armastua

Ludian: armastada

Veps: armastada

Võro: armastama/armastaq


pärnä

pärnä (nominative singular)
pärnät (nominative plural)
pärnän (accusative singular)
pärnät (accusative plural)
pärnän (genitive singular)
pärnäden (genitive plural)
pärneiden (genitive plural)
pärnädä (partitive singular)
pärneidä (partitive plural)
pärnässä (inessive singular)
pärnähnä (inessive singular)
pärneissä (inessive plural)
pärneihnä (inessive plural)
pärnästä (elative singular)
pärneistä (elative plural)
pärnähen (illative singular)
pärneihen (illative plural)
pärnällä (adessive singular)
pärneillä (adessive plural)
pärnältä (ablative singular)
pärneiltä (ablative plural)
pärnälen (allative singular)
pärnälek (allative singular)
pärneilen (allative plural)
pärneilek (allative plural)
pärnänä (essive singular)
pärneinä (essive plural)
pärnäksi (singular translative)
pärneiksi (plural translative)
pärnän (instructive singular)
pärnein (instructive plural)
pärnänek (comitative singular)
pärneinek (comitative plural)
pärnättä (abessive singular)
pärneittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: pärn

Finnish: pärnä (dialectal)

Ingrian: pärnä

Livonian: pǟrnä

Võro: pähn

⇒ Votic: (Kattila) pärnäne

From Proto-Uralic *päkšnä, which is likely a substrate loanword.


lëik'at'ak

lëikkada- (stem)
lëikkadan (first-person present singular)
lëikkacin (first-person past singular)
lëik'atkon (first-person optative singular)
lëikkadat (present second-person singular)
lëikkacit (past second-person singular)
lëikkadak (imperative second-person singular)
lëik'atkos (optative second-person singular)
lëikkadapi (present singular third-person)
lëik'at (present singular third-person)
lëikkaci (past singular third-person)
lëik'atkasën (imperative singular third-person)
lëik'atkosën (optative singular third-person)
lëikkadakmëk (first-person plural present)
lëikkadakmak (first-person plural present)
lëikkacimëk (first-person past plural)
lëikkacimak (first-person past plural)
lëik'atkatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
lëik'atkatamak (first-person imperative plural)
lëik'atkotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
lëik'atkotamak (first-person optative plural)
lëikkadaktëk (plural present second-person)
lëikkadaktak (plural present second-person)
lëikkacidëk (past plural second-person)
lëikkacidak (past plural second-person)
lëik'atkatë (imperative plural second-person)
lëik'atkata (imperative plural second-person)
lëik'atkot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
lëik'atkotadak (optative plural second-person)
lëikkadabat (plural present third-person)
lëik'at (plural present third-person)
lëikkaci (past plural third-person)
lëik'atkasën (imperative plural third-person)
lëik'atkosën (optative plural third-person)
lëikkadaksën (passive present)
lëikkadat'aksën (passive present)
lëik'attisën (passive past)
lëikkadattihën (passive past)
lëik'attakahën (imperative passive)
lëikkadattagasën (imperative passive)
lëik'attakohën (optative passive)
lëikkadattagosën (optative passive)
lëikkadak (connegative present)
lëik'atkak (connegative imperative)
lëik'atkok (connegative optative)
lëikkadaktak (connegative passive present)
lëik'attagak (connegative imperative passive)
lëikkadattagak (connegative imperative passive)
lëik'attagok (connegative optative passive)
lëikkadattagok (connegative optative passive)
lëikkadakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
lëikkacicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
lëik'annën (first-person potential singular)
lëikkadakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
lëikkacicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
lëik'annët (potential second-person singular)
lëikkadakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
lëikkacici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
lëik'anni (potential singular third-person)
lëikkadakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
lëikkadakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
lëikkacicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
lëikkacicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
lëik'annëmëk (first-person plural potential)
lëik'annëmak (first-person plural potential)
lëikkadakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
lëikkadakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
lëikkacicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
lëikkacicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
lëik'annëdëk (plural potential second-person)
lëik'annëdak (plural potential second-person)
lëikkadakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
lëikkacici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
lëik'anni (plural potential third-person)
lëik'at'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
lëikkadat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
lëik'atticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
lëikkadatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
lëik'attanëhën (passive potential)
lëikkadattanësën (passive potential)
lëikkadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
lëikkacicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
lëik'annëk (connegative potential)
lëik'at'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lëikkadat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
lëik'atticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
lëikkadatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
lëik'attanëk (connegative passive potential)
lëikkadattanëk (connegative passive potential)
lëik'at'ak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
lëikkadapa (active participle present)
lëik'attapa (participle passive present)
lëikkadattaba (participle passive present)
lëik'attë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
lëik'annut (active participle past)
lëik'attu (participle passive past)
lëikkadattu (participle passive past)
lëikkadama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
lëikkadaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: lõikama/lõigata

Finnish: leikata

Ingrian: leikata

Karelian: leikata

Livvi: leikata

Ludian: leikata

Veps: leikata, liikata

Võro: lõikama/lõigadaq

Votic: lõikõtõ

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *blaikijaną (“to bleach”), in which case the semantic shift could be explained through a meaning like "to strike/cut a mark into wood (to strip away the bark and reveal the lighter-colored wood within)"; in any case, contains the suffix + *-t'ak.


verdek

verdek (nominative singular)
verteget (nominative plural)
vertegen (accusative singular)
verteget (accusative plural)
vertegen (genitive singular)
verdekten (genitive plural)
vertegiden (genitive plural)
verdektä (partitive singular)
vertegitä (partitive plural)
vertegessä (inessive singular)
vertegehnä (inessive singular)
vertegissä (inessive plural)
vertegihnä (inessive plural)
vertegestä (elative singular)
vertegistä (elative plural)
vertegesen (illative singular)
vertegisen (illative plural)
vertegellä (adessive singular)
vertegillä (adessive plural)
vertegeltä (ablative singular)
vertegiltä (ablative plural)
vertegelen (allative singular)
vertegelek (allative singular)
vertegilen (allative plural)
vertegilek (allative plural)
vertegenä (essive singular)
verteginä (essive plural)
vertegeksi (singular translative)
vertegiksi (plural translative)
vertegen (instructive singular)
vertegin (instructive plural)
vertegenek (comitative singular)
verteginek (comitative plural)
vertegettä (abessive singular)
vertegittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: virre (< *virdek), verre (dialectal)

Finnish: vierre, verre (dialectal)

Ingrian: veerre

Livonian: vīrdig

Võro: vereq

Votic: virre

Borrowed from early Proto-Germanic *wertiz (later *wirtiz) + *-ëk.


vootna

vootna (nominative singular)
vootnat (nominative plural)
vootnan (accusative singular)
vootnat (accusative plural)
vootnan (genitive singular)
vootnadën (genitive plural)
vootnëidën (genitive plural)
vootnada (partitive singular)
vootnëida (partitive plural)
vootnassa (inessive singular)
vootnahna (inessive singular)
vootnëissa (inessive plural)
vootnëihna (inessive plural)
vootnasta (elative singular)
vootnëista (elative plural)
vootnahën (illative singular)
vootnëihën (illative plural)
vootnalla (adessive singular)
vootnëilla (adessive plural)
vootnalta (ablative singular)
vootnëilta (ablative plural)
vootnalën (allative singular)
vootnalëk (allative singular)
vootnëilën (allative plural)
vootnëilëk (allative plural)
vootnana (essive singular)
vootnëina (essive plural)
vootnaksi (singular translative)
vootnëiksi (plural translative)
vootnan (instructive singular)
vootnëin (instructive plural)
vootnanëk (comitative singular)
vootnëinëk (comitative plural)
vootnatta (abessive singular)
vootnëitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: voon

Finnish: vuona

Ingrian: voonna, voona

Karelian:

North Karelian: vuonna

South Karelian: vuonna

Livonian: ūoņõz

Livvi: vuonu

Ludian: vuon

Veps: vodnaz

Võro: vuun

Votic: võdnõ

Possibly borrowed from hypothetical Proto-Baltic *ōgnas (not attested in any Baltic language), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷnós. Alternatively, possibly derived from *vooci.


niici

niici (nominative singular)
niidet (nominative plural)
niiden (accusative singular)
niidet (accusative plural)
niiden (genitive singular)
niit'en (genitive plural)
niiciden (genitive plural)
niittä (partitive singular)
niicidä (partitive plural)
niidessä (inessive singular)
niidehnä (inessive singular)
niicissä (inessive plural)
niicihnä (inessive plural)
niidestä (elative singular)
niicistä (elative plural)
niitehen (illative singular)
niicihen (illative plural)
niidellä (adessive singular)
niicillä (adessive plural)
niideltä (ablative singular)
niiciltä (ablative plural)
niitelen (allative singular)
niitelek (allative singular)
niicilen (allative plural)
niicilek (allative plural)
niinnä (essive singular)
niicinä (essive plural)
niideksi (singular translative)
niiciksi (plural translative)
niiden (instructive singular)
niicin (instructive plural)
niinnek (comitative singular)
niicinek (comitative plural)
niidettä (abessive singular)
niicittä (abessive plural)

Estonian: niis

Finnish: niisi

Ingrian: niisi

Karelian: niisi, niizi

Livonian: nīdõz

Livvi: niiži

Ludian: niiž

Veps: niž

Votic: niisi

From earlier *niiti, borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian nīts and Lithuanian nytis).


sündüttädäk

sündüttä- (stem)
sündüt'än (first-person present singular)
sündüt'ein (first-person past singular)
sündüttägon (first-person optative singular)
sündüt'ät (present second-person singular)
sündüt'eit (past second-person singular)
sündüt'äk (imperative second-person singular)
sündüttägos (optative second-person singular)
sündüttäpi (present singular third-person)
sündüttä (present singular third-person)
sündüttei (past singular third-person)
sündüttäkähen (imperative singular third-person)
sündüttäkohen (optative singular third-person)
sündüt'äkmek (first-person plural present)
sündüt'äkmäk (first-person plural present)
sündütteimek (first-person past plural)
sündütteimäk (first-person past plural)
sündüttäkädemek (first-person imperative plural)
sündüttäkädämäk (first-person imperative plural)
sündüttäkodemek (first-person optative plural)
sündüttäkodämäk (first-person optative plural)
sündüt'äktek (plural present second-person)
sündüt'äktäk (plural present second-person)
sündütteidek (past plural second-person)
sündütteidäk (past plural second-person)
sündüttäkäde (imperative plural second-person)
sündüttäkädä (imperative plural second-person)
sündüttägot'ek (optative plural second-person)
sündüttäkodädäk (optative plural second-person)
sündüttäbät (plural present third-person)
sündüttä (plural present third-person)
sündüttei (past plural third-person)
sündüttäkähen (imperative plural third-person)
sündüttäkohen (optative plural third-person)
sündüt'äksen (passive present)
sündüt'ät'äksen (passive present)
sündüttätihen (passive past)
sündüt'ättihen (passive past)
sündüttätägäsen (imperative passive)
sündüt'ättägäsen (imperative passive)
sündüttätägosen (optative passive)
sündüt'ättägosen (optative passive)
sündüt'äk (connegative present)
sündüttägäk (connegative imperative)
sündüttägok (connegative optative)
sündüt'äktäk (connegative passive present)
sündüttätägäk (connegative imperative passive)
sündüt'ättägäk (connegative imperative passive)
sündüttätägok (connegative optative passive)
sündüt'ättägok (connegative optative passive)
sündüt'äkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
sündütteicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
sündüttänen (first-person potential singular)
sündüt'äkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
sündütteicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
sündüttänet (potential second-person singular)
sündüt'äkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
sündütteici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
sündüttäni (potential singular third-person)
sündüt'äkcimek (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
sündüt'äkcimäk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
sündütteicimek (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
sündütteicimäk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
sündüttänemek (first-person plural potential)
sündüttänemäk (first-person plural potential)
sündüt'äkcidek (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
sündüt'äkcidäk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
sündütteicidek (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
sündütteicidäk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
sündüttänedek (plural potential second-person)
sündüttänedäk (plural potential second-person)
sündüt'äkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
sündütteici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
sündüttäni (plural potential third-person)
sündüttädäkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
sündüt'ät'äkcisen (conditional conditional-i passive)
sündüttäticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
sündüt'ätticisen (conditional conditional-ii passive)
sündüttätänesen (passive potential)
sündüt'ättänesen (passive potential)
sündüt'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
sündütteicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
sündüttänek (connegative potential)
sündüttädäkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
sündüt'ät'äkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
sündüttäticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
sündüt'ätticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
sündüttätänek (connegative passive potential)
sündüt'ättänek (connegative passive potential)
sündüttädäk (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
sündüttäpä (active participle present)
sündüttätäbä (participle passive present)
sündüt'ättäbä (participle passive present)
sündüttäte- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
sündüttänüt (active participle past)
sündüttätü (participle passive past)
sündüt'ättü (participle passive past)
sündüttämä (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
sündüttäminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: sünnitama/sünnitada

Finnish: synnyttää

Ingrian: synnyttää

Karelian: šynnyttyä

Livonian: sintõ

Veps: sündutada

Võro: sünnütämä/sünnütäq

Votic: sünnüttä


tahtas

tahtas (nominative singular)
tahtahët (nominative plural)
tahtahën (accusative singular)
tahtahët (accusative plural)
tahtahën (genitive singular)
tahtastën (genitive plural)
tahtahidën (genitive plural)
tahtasta (partitive singular)
tahtahita (partitive plural)
tahtahëssa (inessive singular)
tahtahëhna (inessive singular)
tahtahissa (inessive plural)
tahtahihna (inessive plural)
tahtahësta (elative singular)
tahtahista (elative plural)
tahtahësën (illative singular)
tahtahisën (illative plural)
tahtahëlla (adessive singular)
tahtahilla (adessive plural)
tahtahëlta (ablative singular)
tahtahilta (ablative plural)
tahtahëlën (allative singular)
tahtahëlëk (allative singular)
tahtahilën (allative plural)
tahtahilëk (allative plural)
tahtassa (essive singular)
tahtahina (essive plural)
tahtahëksi (singular translative)
tahtahiksi (plural translative)
tahtahën (instructive singular)
tahtahin (instructive plural)
tahtassëk (comitative singular)
tahtahinëk (comitative plural)
tahtahëtta (abessive singular)
tahtahitta (abessive plural)

Finnish: tahdas

Karelian:

North Karelian: tahaš

South Karelian: tahaš

Livvi: tahtas

Ludian: tahtaz

Veps: tahtaz

Võro: tahas

From earlier *taštas, borrowed from an Indo-European language (probably Proto-Balto-Slavic *taištas), compare Proto-Slavic *těsto and Proto-Celtic *taistos.


jalgas

jalgas (nominative singular)
jalgaksët (nominative plural)
jalgaksën (accusative singular)
jalgaksët (accusative plural)
jalgaksën (genitive singular)
jalgastën (genitive plural)
jalgaksidën (genitive plural)
jalgasta (partitive singular)
jalgaksita (partitive plural)
jalgaksëssa (inessive singular)
jalgaksëhna (inessive singular)
jalgaksissa (inessive plural)
jalgaksihna (inessive plural)
jalgaksësta (elative singular)
jalgaksista (elative plural)
jalgaksësën (illative singular)
jalgaksisën (illative plural)
jalgaksëlla (adessive singular)
jalgaksilla (adessive plural)
jalgaksëlta (ablative singular)
jalgaksilta (ablative plural)
jalgaksëlën (allative singular)
jalgaksëlëk (allative singular)
jalgaksilën (allative plural)
jalgaksilëk (allative plural)
jalgassa (essive singular)
jalgaksina (essive plural)
jalgaksëksi (singular translative)
jalgaksiksi (plural translative)
jalgaksën (instructive singular)
jalgaksin (instructive plural)
jalgassëk (comitative singular)
jalgaksinëk (comitative plural)
jalgaksëtta (abessive singular)
jalgaksitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: jalas

Finnish: jalas

Ingrian: jalas

Karelian: jalas

Livonian: jǭlõks

Livvi: jalas

Ludian: dalgas

Veps: jaugaz

Võro: jalas

Votic: jalgõz


surmat'ak

surmada- (stem)
surmadan (first-person present singular)
surmacin (first-person past singular)
surmatkon (first-person optative singular)
surmadat (present second-person singular)
surmacit (past second-person singular)
surmadak (imperative second-person singular)
surmatkos (optative second-person singular)
surmadapi (present singular third-person)
surmat (present singular third-person)
surmaci (past singular third-person)
surmatkasën (imperative singular third-person)
surmatkosën (optative singular third-person)
surmadakmëk (first-person plural present)
surmadakmak (first-person plural present)
surmacimëk (first-person past plural)
surmacimak (first-person past plural)
surmatkatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
surmatkatamak (first-person imperative plural)
surmatkotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
surmatkotamak (first-person optative plural)
surmadaktëk (plural present second-person)
surmadaktak (plural present second-person)
surmacidëk (past plural second-person)
surmacidak (past plural second-person)
surmatkatë (imperative plural second-person)
surmatkata (imperative plural second-person)
surmatkot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
surmatkotadak (optative plural second-person)
surmadabat (plural present third-person)
surmat (plural present third-person)
surmaci (past plural third-person)
surmatkasën (imperative plural third-person)
surmatkosën (optative plural third-person)
surmadaksën (passive present)
surmadat'aksën (passive present)
surmattisën (passive past)
surmadattihën (passive past)
surmattakahën (imperative passive)
surmadattagasën (imperative passive)
surmattakohën (optative passive)
surmadattagosën (optative passive)
surmadak (connegative present)
surmatkak (connegative imperative)
surmatkok (connegative optative)
surmadaktak (connegative passive present)
surmattagak (connegative imperative passive)
surmadattagak (connegative imperative passive)
surmattagok (connegative optative passive)
surmadattagok (connegative optative passive)
surmadakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
surmacicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
surmannën (first-person potential singular)
surmadakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
surmacicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
surmannët (potential second-person singular)
surmadakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
surmacici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
surmanni (potential singular third-person)
surmadakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
surmadakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
surmacicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
surmacicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
surmannëmëk (first-person plural potential)
surmannëmak (first-person plural potential)
surmadakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
surmadakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
surmacicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
surmacicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
surmannëdëk (plural potential second-person)
surmannëdak (plural potential second-person)
surmadakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
surmacici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
surmanni (plural potential third-person)
surmat'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
surmadat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
surmatticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
surmadatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
surmattanëhën (passive potential)
surmadattanësën (passive potential)
surmadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
surmacicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
surmannëk (connegative potential)
surmat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
surmadat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
surmatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
surmadatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
surmattanëk (connegative passive potential)
surmadattanëk (connegative passive potential)
surmat'ak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
surmadapa (active participle present)
surmattapa (participle passive present)
surmadattaba (participle passive present)
surmattë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
surmannut (active participle past)
surmattu (participle passive past)
surmadattu (participle passive past)
surmadama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
surmadaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: surmama/surmata

Finnish: surmata

Ingrian: surmata

→ Votic: surmõtõ

Karelian: surmata

Livvi: surmata

Võro: surmama/surmadaq


avait'ak

avaida- (stem)
avaidan (first-person present singular)
avaicin (first-person past singular)
avaitkon (first-person optative singular)
avaidat (present second-person singular)
avaicit (past second-person singular)
avaidak (imperative second-person singular)
avaitkos (optative second-person singular)
avaidapi (present singular third-person)
avait (present singular third-person)
avaici (past singular third-person)
avaitkasën (imperative singular third-person)
avaitkosën (optative singular third-person)
avaidakmëk (first-person plural present)
avaidakmak (first-person plural present)
avaicimëk (first-person past plural)
avaicimak (first-person past plural)
avaitkatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
avaitkatamak (first-person imperative plural)
avaitkotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
avaitkotamak (first-person optative plural)
avaidaktëk (plural present second-person)
avaidaktak (plural present second-person)
avaicidëk (past plural second-person)
avaicidak (past plural second-person)
avaitkatë (imperative plural second-person)
avaitkata (imperative plural second-person)
avaitkot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
avaitkotadak (optative plural second-person)
avaidabat (plural present third-person)
avait (plural present third-person)
avaici (past plural third-person)
avaitkasën (imperative plural third-person)
avaitkosën (optative plural third-person)
avaidaksën (passive present)
avaidat'aksën (passive present)
avaittisën (passive past)
avaidattihën (passive past)
avaittakahën (imperative passive)
avaidattagasën (imperative passive)
avaittakohën (optative passive)
avaidattagosën (optative passive)
avaidak (connegative present)
avaitkak (connegative imperative)
avaitkok (connegative optative)
avaidaktak (connegative passive present)
avaittagak (connegative imperative passive)
avaidattagak (connegative imperative passive)
avaittagok (connegative optative passive)
avaidattagok (connegative optative passive)
avaidakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
avaicicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
avainnën (first-person potential singular)
avaidakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
avaicicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
avainnët (potential second-person singular)
avaidakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
avaicici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
avainni (potential singular third-person)
avaidakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
avaidakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
avaicicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
avaicicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
avainnëmëk (first-person plural potential)
avainnëmak (first-person plural potential)
avaidakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
avaidakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
avaicicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
avaicicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
avainnëdëk (plural potential second-person)
avainnëdak (plural potential second-person)
avaidakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
avaicici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
avainni (plural potential third-person)
avait'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
avaidat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
avaitticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
avaidatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
avaittanëhën (passive potential)
avaidattanësën (passive potential)
avaidakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
avaicicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
avainnëk (connegative potential)
avait'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
avaidat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
avaitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
avaidatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
avaittanëk (connegative passive potential)
avaidattanëk (connegative passive potential)
avait'ak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
avaidapa (active participle present)
avaittapa (participle passive present)
avaidattaba (participle passive present)
avaittë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
avainnut (active participle past)
avaittu (participle passive past)
avaidattu (participle passive past)
avaidama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
avaidaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: avama/avada

Finnish: avata

Ingrian: avata

Karelian: avata

Livonian: ovātõ

Livvi: avata

Ludian: avaita, avaitta

Veps: avaita

Votic: avatõ


sulkëdak

sulkë- (stem)
sulgën (first-person present singular)
sulgin (first-person past singular)
sulkëgon (first-person optative singular)
sulgët (present second-person singular)
sulgit (past second-person singular)
sulgëk (imperative second-person singular)
sulkëgos (optative second-person singular)
sulkëbi (present singular third-person)
sulki (present singular third-person)
sulki (past singular third-person)
sulkëgasën (imperative singular third-person)
sulkëgosën (optative singular third-person)
sulgëkmëk (first-person plural present)
sulgëkmak (first-person plural present)
sulkimëk (first-person past plural)
sulkimak (first-person past plural)
sulkëgatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
sulkëgatamak (first-person imperative plural)
sulkëgotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
sulkëgotamak (first-person optative plural)
sulgëktëk (plural present second-person)
sulgëktak (plural present second-person)
sulkidëk (past plural second-person)
sulkidak (past plural second-person)
sulkëgatë (imperative plural second-person)
sulkëgata (imperative plural second-person)
sulkëgot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
sulkëgotadak (optative plural second-person)
sulkëbat (plural present third-person)
sulki (plural present third-person)
sulki (past plural third-person)
sulkëgasën (imperative plural third-person)
sulkëgosën (optative plural third-person)
sulgëksën (passive present)
sulgët'aksën (passive present)
sulkëdisën (passive past)
sulgëttisën (passive past)
sulkëdakahën (imperative passive)
sulgëttakahën (imperative passive)
sulkëdakohën (optative passive)
sulgëttakohën (optative passive)
sulgëk (connegative present)
sulkëgak (connegative imperative)
sulkëgok (connegative optative)
sulgëktak (connegative passive present)
sulkëdagak (connegative imperative passive)
sulgëttagak (connegative imperative passive)
sulkëdagok (connegative optative passive)
sulgëttagok (connegative optative passive)
sulgëkcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
sulkicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
sulkënën (first-person potential singular)
sulgëkcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
sulkicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
sulkënët (potential second-person singular)
sulgëkci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
sulkici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
sulkëni (potential singular third-person)
sulgëkcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
sulgëkcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
sulkicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
sulkicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
sulkënëmëk (first-person plural potential)
sulkënëmak (first-person plural potential)
sulgëkcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
sulgëkcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
sulkicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
sulkicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
sulkënëdëk (plural potential second-person)
sulkënëdak (plural potential second-person)
sulgëkci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
sulkici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
sulkëni (plural potential third-person)
sulkëdakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
sulgët'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
sulkëdicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
sulgëtticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
sulkëdanëhën (passive potential)
sulgëttanëhën (passive potential)
sulgëkcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
sulkicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
sulkënëk (connegative potential)
sulkëdakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
sulgët'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
sulkëdicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
sulgëtticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
sulkëdanëk (connegative passive potential)
sulgëttanëk (connegative passive potential)
sulkëdak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
sulkëba (active participle present)
sulkëdapa (participle passive present)
sulgëttapa (participle passive present)
sulkëdë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
sulkënut (active participle past)
sulkëdu (participle passive past)
sulgëttu (participle passive past)
sulkëma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
sulkëminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: sulgema/sulgeda

Finnish: sulkea

→ Karelian: sulkie

Võro: sulgma/sulguq


sopidak

sopi- (stem)
sobin (first-person present singular)
sopëjin (first-person past singular)
sopigon (first-person optative singular)
sobit (present second-person singular)
sopëjit (past second-person singular)
sobik (imperative second-person singular)
sopigos (optative second-person singular)
sopibi (present singular third-person)
sopi (present singular third-person)
sopëji (past singular third-person)
sopigasën (imperative singular third-person)
sopigosën (optative singular third-person)
sobikmëk (first-person plural present)
sobikmak (first-person plural present)
sopëjimëk (first-person past plural)
sopëjimak (first-person past plural)
sopigatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
sopigatamak (first-person imperative plural)
sopigotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
sopigotamak (first-person optative plural)
sobiktëk (plural present second-person)
sobiktak (plural present second-person)
sopëjidëk (past plural second-person)
sopëjidak (past plural second-person)
sopigatë (imperative plural second-person)
sopigata (imperative plural second-person)
sopigot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
sopigotadak (optative plural second-person)
sopibat (plural present third-person)
sopi (plural present third-person)
sopëji (past plural third-person)
sopigasën (imperative plural third-person)
sopigosën (optative plural third-person)
sobiksën (passive present)
sobit'aksën (passive present)
sopidisën (passive past)
sobittisën (passive past)
sopidakahën (imperative passive)
sobittakahën (imperative passive)
sopidakohën (optative passive)
sobittakohën (optative passive)
sobik (connegative present)
sopigak (connegative imperative)
sopigok (connegative optative)
sobiktak (connegative passive present)
sopidagak (connegative imperative passive)
sobittagak (connegative imperative passive)
sopidagok (connegative optative passive)
sobittagok (connegative optative passive)
sobikcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
sopëjicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
sopinën (first-person potential singular)
sobikcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
sopëjicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
sopinët (potential second-person singular)
sobikci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
sopëjici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
sopini (potential singular third-person)
sobikcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
sobikcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
sopëjicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
sopëjicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
sopinëmëk (first-person plural potential)
sopinëmak (first-person plural potential)
sobikcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
sobikcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
sopëjicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
sopëjicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
sopinëdëk (plural potential second-person)
sopinëdak (plural potential second-person)
sobikci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
sopëjici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
sopini (plural potential third-person)
sopidakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
sobit'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
sopidicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
sobitticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
sopidanëhën (passive potential)
sobittanëhën (passive potential)
sobikcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
sopëjicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
sopinëk (connegative potential)
sopidakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
sobit'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
sopidicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
sobitticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
sopidanëk (connegative passive potential)
sobittanëk (connegative passive potential)
sopidak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
sopiba (active participle present)
sopidapa (participle passive present)
sobittapa (participle passive present)
sopidë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
sopinut (active participle past)
sopidu (participle passive past)
sobittu (participle passive past)
sopima (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
sopiminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: sobima/sobida

Finnish: sopia

→ Northern Sami: soahpat

Ingrian: soppia

Karelian: šopie

Livvi: sobie

Ludian: sobida

Votic: soppia


ampudak

ampu- (stem)
ambun (first-person present singular)
ambuin (first-person past singular)
ampugon (first-person optative singular)
ambut (present second-person singular)
ambuit (past second-person singular)
ambuk (imperative second-person singular)
ampugos (optative second-person singular)
ampubi (present singular third-person)
ampu (present singular third-person)
ampui (past singular third-person)
ampugasën (imperative singular third-person)
ampugosën (optative singular third-person)
ambukmëk (first-person plural present)
ambukmak (first-person plural present)
ampuimëk (first-person past plural)
ampuimak (first-person past plural)
ampugatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
ampugatamak (first-person imperative plural)
ampugotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
ampugotamak (first-person optative plural)
ambuktëk (plural present second-person)
ambuktak (plural present second-person)
ampuidëk (past plural second-person)
ampuidak (past plural second-person)
ampugatë (imperative plural second-person)
ampugata (imperative plural second-person)
ampugot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
ampugotadak (optative plural second-person)
ampubat (plural present third-person)
ampu (plural present third-person)
ampui (past plural third-person)
ampugasën (imperative plural third-person)
ampugosën (optative plural third-person)
ambuksën (passive present)
ambut'aksën (passive present)
ampudisën (passive past)
ambuttisën (passive past)
ampudakahën (imperative passive)
ambuttakahën (imperative passive)
ampudakohën (optative passive)
ambuttakohën (optative passive)
ambuk (connegative present)
ampugak (connegative imperative)
ampugok (connegative optative)
ambuktak (connegative passive present)
ampudagak (connegative imperative passive)
ambuttagak (connegative imperative passive)
ampudagok (connegative optative passive)
ambuttagok (connegative optative passive)
ambukcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
ampuicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
ampunën (first-person potential singular)
ambukcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
ampuicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
ampunët (potential second-person singular)
ambukci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
ampuici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
ampuni (potential singular third-person)
ambukcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
ambukcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
ampuicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
ampuicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
ampunëmëk (first-person plural potential)
ampunëmak (first-person plural potential)
ambukcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
ambukcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
ampuicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
ampuicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
ampunëdëk (plural potential second-person)
ampunëdak (plural potential second-person)
ambukci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
ampuici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
ampuni (plural potential third-person)
ampudakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
ambut'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
ampudicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
ambutticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
ampudanëhën (passive potential)
ambuttanëhën (passive potential)
ambukcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
ampuicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
ampunëk (connegative potential)
ampudakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
ambut'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
ampudicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
ambutticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
ampudanëk (connegative passive potential)
ambuttanëk (connegative passive potential)
ampudak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
ampuba (active participle present)
ampudapa (participle passive present)
ambuttapa (participle passive present)
ampudë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
ampunut (active participle past)
ampudu (participle passive past)
ambuttu (participle passive past)
ampuma (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
ampuminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: amb (< *ampu)

Finnish: ampua

Ingrian: ampua

Karelian:

North Karelian: ampuo

South Karelian: ambuo

Livvi: ambuo

Ludian: ambuda

Veps: ampta

Votic: ampua

→ Proto-Samic: *āmpōtēk (see there for further descendants)


joottadak

jootta- (stem)
joot'an (first-person present singular)
joot'ëin (first-person past singular)
joottagon (first-person optative singular)
joot'at (present second-person singular)
joot'ëit (past second-person singular)
joot'ak (imperative second-person singular)
joottagos (optative second-person singular)
joottabi (present singular third-person)
jootta (present singular third-person)
joottëi (past singular third-person)
joottagasën (imperative singular third-person)
joottagosën (optative singular third-person)
joot'akmëk (first-person plural present)
joot'akmak (first-person plural present)
joottëimëk (first-person past plural)
joottëimak (first-person past plural)
joottagatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
joottagatamak (first-person imperative plural)
joottagotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
joottagotamak (first-person optative plural)
joot'aktëk (plural present second-person)
joot'aktak (plural present second-person)
joottëidëk (past plural second-person)
joottëidak (past plural second-person)
joottagatë (imperative plural second-person)
joottagata (imperative plural second-person)
joottagot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
joottagotadak (optative plural second-person)
joottabat (plural present third-person)
jootta (plural present third-person)
joottëi (past plural third-person)
joottagasën (imperative plural third-person)
joottagosën (optative plural third-person)
joot'aksën (passive present)
joot'at'aksën (passive present)
joottadisën (passive past)
joot'attisën (passive past)
joottadakahën (imperative passive)
joot'attakahën (imperative passive)
joottadakohën (optative passive)
joot'attakohën (optative passive)
joot'ak (connegative present)
joottagak (connegative imperative)
joottagok (connegative optative)
joot'aktak (connegative passive present)
joottadagak (connegative imperative passive)
joot'attagak (connegative imperative passive)
joottadagok (connegative optative passive)
joot'attagok (connegative optative passive)
joot'akcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
joottëicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
joottanën (first-person potential singular)
joot'akcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
joottëicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
joottanët (potential second-person singular)
joot'akci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
joottëici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
joottani (potential singular third-person)
joot'akcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
joot'akcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
joottëicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
joottëicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
joottanëmëk (first-person plural potential)
joottanëmak (first-person plural potential)
joot'akcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
joot'akcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
joottëicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
joottëicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
joottanëdëk (plural potential second-person)
joottanëdak (plural potential second-person)
joot'akci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
joottëici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
joottani (plural potential third-person)
joottadakcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
joot'at'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
joottadicihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
joot'atticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
joottadanëhën (passive potential)
joot'attanëhën (passive potential)
joot'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
joottëicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
joottanëk (connegative potential)
joottadakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
joot'at'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
joottadicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
joot'atticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
joottadanëk (connegative passive potential)
joot'attanëk (connegative passive potential)
joottadak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
joottaba (active participle present)
joottadapa (participle passive present)
joot'attapa (participle passive present)
joottadë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
joottanut (active participle past)
joottadu (participle passive past)
joot'attu (participle passive past)
joottama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
joottaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Estonian: jootma/joota

Finnish: juottaa

Ingrian: joottaa

Karelian: juottoa

Livonian: jūotõ

Ludian: d'uottada

Veps: jotta

Võro: juutma/juutaq

Votic: juutta


halgët'ak

halkëda- (stem)
halkëdan (first-person present singular)
halkëcin (first-person past singular)
halgëtkon (first-person optative singular)
halkëdat (present second-person singular)
halkëcit (past second-person singular)
halkëdak (imperative second-person singular)
halgëtkos (optative second-person singular)
halkëdapi (present singular third-person)
halgët (present singular third-person)
halkëci (past singular third-person)
halgëtkasën (imperative singular third-person)
halgëtkosën (optative singular third-person)
halkëdakmëk (first-person plural present)
halkëdakmak (first-person plural present)
halkëcimëk (first-person past plural)
halkëcimak (first-person past plural)
halgëtkatëmëk (first-person imperative plural)
halgëtkatamak (first-person imperative plural)
halgëtkotëmëk (first-person optative plural)
halgëtkotamak (first-person optative plural)
halkëdaktëk (plural present second-person)
halkëdaktak (plural present second-person)
halkëcidëk (past plural second-person)
halkëcidak (past plural second-person)
halgëtkatë (imperative plural second-person)
halgëtkata (imperative plural second-person)
halgëtkot'ëk (optative plural second-person)
halgëtkotadak (optative plural second-person)
halkëdabat (plural present third-person)
halgët (plural present third-person)
halkëci (past plural third-person)
halgëtkasën (imperative plural third-person)
halgëtkosën (optative plural third-person)
halkëdaksën (passive present)
halkëdat'aksën (passive present)
halgëttisën (passive past)
halkëdattihën (passive past)
halgëttakahën (imperative passive)
halkëdattagasën (imperative passive)
halgëttakohën (optative passive)
halkëdattagosën (optative passive)
halkëdak (connegative present)
halgëtkak (connegative imperative)
halgëtkok (connegative optative)
halkëdaktak (connegative passive present)
halgëttagak (connegative imperative passive)
halkëdattagak (connegative imperative passive)
halgëttagok (connegative optative passive)
halkëdattagok (connegative optative passive)
halkëdakcin (conditional conditional-i first-person singular)
halkëcicin (conditional conditional-ii first-person singular)
halgënnën (first-person potential singular)
halkëdakcit (conditional conditional-i second-person singular)
halkëcicit (conditional conditional-ii second-person singular)
halgënnët (potential second-person singular)
halkëdakci (conditional conditional-i singular third-person)
halkëcici (conditional conditional-ii singular third-person)
halgënni (potential singular third-person)
halkëdakcimëk (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
halkëdakcimak (conditional conditional-i first-person plural)
halkëcicimëk (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
halkëcicimak (conditional conditional-ii first-person plural)
halgënnëmëk (first-person plural potential)
halgënnëmak (first-person plural potential)
halkëdakcidëk (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
halkëdakcidak (conditional conditional-i plural second-person)
halkëcicidëk (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
halkëcicidak (conditional conditional-ii plural second-person)
halgënnëdëk (plural potential second-person)
halgënnëdak (plural potential second-person)
halkëdakci (conditional conditional-i plural third-person)
halkëcici (conditional conditional-ii plural third-person)
halgënni (plural potential third-person)
halgët'akcihën (conditional conditional-i passive)
halkëdat'akcisën (conditional conditional-i passive)
halgëtticihën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
halkëdatticisën (conditional conditional-ii passive)
halgëttanëhën (passive potential)
halkëdattanësën (passive potential)
halkëdakcik (conditional conditional-i connegative)
halkëcicik (conditional conditional-ii connegative)
halgënnëk (connegative potential)
halgët'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
halkëdat'akcik (conditional conditional-i connegative passive)
halgëtticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
halkëdatticik (conditional conditional-ii connegative passive)
halgëttanëk (connegative passive potential)
halkëdattanëk (connegative passive potential)
halgët'ak (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-i)
halkëdapa (active participle present)
halgëttapa (participle passive present)
halkëdattaba (participle passive present)
halgëttë- (conditional conditional-i infinitive infinitive-ii)
halgënnut (active participle past)
halgëttu (participle passive past)
halkëdattu (participle passive past)
halkëdama (conditional conditional-i gerund supine)
halkëdaminen (conditional conditional-i noun-from-verb)

Finnish: haljeta

Ingrian: haleta

Karelian:

North Karelian: haleta

South Karelian: halleta

Livvi: halleta

Ludian: halgeta

Veps: haugeta

Possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *šalke-, *šaľke- + *-t'ak. Compare Komi-Zyrian шулялны (šuľalny).


kovëra

kovëra (nominative singular)
kovërat (nominative plural)
kovëran (accusative singular)
kovërat (accusative plural)
kovëran (genitive singular)
kovëradën (genitive plural)
kovëroidën (genitive plural)
kovërata (partitive singular)
kovëroita (partitive plural)
kovërassa (inessive singular)
kovërahna (inessive singular)
kovëroissa (inessive plural)
kovëroihna (inessive plural)
kovërasta (elative singular)
kovëroista (elative plural)
kovërasën (illative singular)
kovëroisën (illative plural)
kovëralla (adessive singular)
kovëroilla (adessive plural)
kovëralta (ablative singular)
kovëroilta (ablative plural)
kovëralën (allative singular)
kovëralëk (allative singular)
kovëroilën (allative plural)
kovëroilëk (allative plural)
kovërana (essive singular)
kovëroina (essive plural)
kovëraksi (singular translative)
kovëroiksi (plural translative)
kovëran (instructive singular)
kovëroin (instructive plural)
kovëranëk (comitative singular)
kovëroinëk (comitative plural)
kovëratta (abessive singular)
kovëroitta (abessive plural)

Estonian: kõver

Finnish: kovera

Ingrian: kovera

Karelian: kovera

Livonian: kõʼurõ

Livvi: kover

Veps: kover

Võro: kõvvõr'

Votic: koverõ

Unknown. Possibly analyzable as containing the suffix *-ra.