ɸariwessā

ɸariwessā (nominative singular)
ɸariwessai (dual nominative)
ɸariwessās (nominative plural)
ɸariwessā (singular vocative)
ɸariwessai (dual vocative)
ɸariwessās (plural vocative)
ɸariwessam (accusative singular)
ɸariwessai (accusative dual)
ɸariwessāns (accusative plural)
ɸariwessās (genitive singular)
ɸariwessous (dual genitive)
ɸariwessom (genitive plural)
ɸariwessāi (dative singular)
ɸariwessābom (dative dual)
ɸariwessābos (dative plural)
ɸariwessai (locative singular)
ɸariwessābim (dual instrumental)
ɸariwessābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *arwest

Middle Welsh: arwest

Welsh: arwest, arwestr

Old Irish: aires

Middle Irish: iris

Irish: iris (“strap, sling”)

Synchronically decomposable into *ɸare- + *wedeti (“to lead”) + *-tā (verbal noun suffix).


souxtus

souxtus (nominative singular)
souxtū (dual nominative)
souxtowes (nominative plural)
souxtu (singular vocative)
souxtū (dual vocative)
souxtūs (plural vocative)
souxtum (accusative singular)
souxtū (accusative dual)
souxtuns (accusative plural)
souxtous (genitive singular)
souxtous (dual genitive)
souxtowom (genitive plural)
souxtou (dative singular)
souxtubom (dative dual)
souxtubos (dative plural)
souxtū (instrumental singular)
souxtubim (dual instrumental)
souxtubis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *sʉɨθ

⇒ Old Breton: seitog (“of a potter”)

Old Cornish: seit

Cornish: (obsolete) zeâth

Old Irish: súacht

Middle Irish: súacht

⇒ Irish: (from a diminutive) suacán

desc

⇒ Scottish Gaelic: (from a diminutive) suacan, suachgan, suachdan

Gaulish: souxtu, suxtu (acc. pl.)

Lambert has related this word to English soak, German saugen (“to suck”), Old English sūcan (“to suck”) (whence English suck), and Latin sūgō (“to suck”).


Bodwākos

Bodwākos (nominative singular)
Bodwākou (dual nominative)
Bodwākoi (nominative plural)
Bodwākou (dual vocative)
Bodwākoi (plural vocative)
Bodwākom (accusative singular)
Bodwākou (accusative dual)
Bodwākons (accusative plural)
Bodwākous (dual genitive)
Bodwākom (genitive plural)
Bodwākobos (dative plural)
Bodwākūis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *Bodwọg

→ Latin: Boduocus

Gaulish: *Boduācos

→ Latin: Boduacus

From *bodwos (“crow”) + *-ākos (nominal/adjectival suffix).


Katumandus

Katumandus (nominative singular)
Katumandū (dual nominative)
Katumandu (singular vocative)
Katumandū (dual vocative)
Katumandūs (plural vocative)
Katumandum (accusative singular)
Katumandū (accusative dual)
Katumanduns (accusative plural)
Katumandous (genitive singular)
Katumandous (dual genitive)
Katumandou (dative singular)
Katumandubos (dative plural)
Katumandū (instrumental singular)
Katumandubis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *Kadβ̃ann

Old Welsh: Catmann

Welsh: Cadfan

→ Latin: Catamanus

→ Old English: Cædmon

Gaulish: *Catumandus

→ Latin: Catumandus

From *katus (“battle”) + *mandus (“pony”).


kolgā

kolgā (nominative singular)
kolgai (dual nominative)
kolgās (nominative plural)
kolgā (singular vocative)
kolgai (dual vocative)
kolgās (plural vocative)
kolgam (accusative singular)
kolgai (accusative dual)
kolgāns (accusative plural)
kolgās (genitive singular)
kolgous (dual genitive)
kolgom (genitive plural)
kolgāi (dative singular)
kolgābom (dative dual)
kolgābos (dative plural)
kolgai (locative singular)
kolgābim (dual instrumental)
kolgābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *kolɣ

Cornish: col (“awn”), kolgh (“spike”)

Middle Welsh: col, coly

Welsh: col, cola

Middle Irish: colg, calg

Irish: colg

Matasović tries to derive this from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂-, but he has no idea what velar suffix could be used to derive the Celtic forms from that root.


Noudonts

Noudonts (nominative singular)
Noudonte (dual nominative)
Noudontes (nominative plural)
Noudonts (singular vocative)
Noudonte (dual vocative)
Noudontes (plural vocative)
Noudontam (accusative singular)
Noudonte (accusative dual)
Noudontans (accusative plural)
Noudontos (genitive singular)
Noudontou (dual genitive)
Noudontom (genitive plural)
Noudontei (dative singular)
Noudonti (locative singular)
Noudonte? (instrumental singular)

Proto-Brythonic: *Nʉð

Middle Welsh: Nudd, Lludd

desctree

Old Irish: Núadu, Núado, Núada
Middle Irish: Nuada
Irish: Nuadha

→ Latin: Nōdons


widlmā

widlmā (nominative singular)
widlmai (dual nominative)
widlmās (nominative plural)
widlmā (singular vocative)
widlmai (dual vocative)
widlmās (plural vocative)
widlmam (accusative singular)
widlmai (accusative dual)
widlmāns (accusative plural)
widlmās (genitive singular)
widlmous (dual genitive)
widlmom (genitive plural)
widlmāi (dative singular)
widlmābom (dative dual)
widlmābos (dative plural)
widlmai (locative singular)
widlmābim (dual instrumental)
widlmābis (instrumental plural)

desc

Old Irish: Fedelm (name of a mythological seeress)

Gaulish: uidluias (gen. sg.)

Seemingly some derivative of Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see”), but the suffixation is odd.


webrus

webrus gender unattested (canonical)
webrus (nominative singular)
webrū (dual nominative)
webrowes (nominative plural)
webru (singular vocative)
webrū (dual vocative)
webrūs (plural vocative)
webrum (accusative singular)
webrū (accusative dual)
webruns (accusative plural)
webrous (genitive singular)
webrous (dual genitive)
webrowom (genitive plural)
webrou (dative singular)
webrubom (dative dual)
webrubos (dative plural)
webrū (instrumental singular)
webrubim (dual instrumental)
webrubis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *gweβr

Middle Welsh: guefr, gwevr

Welsh: gwefr

Gaulish: *uebrus

→ Latin: Vebrus, Vebrullus

Ουηβρουμαρος

⇒ Gaulish: Ουηβρουμαρος (Ouēbroumaros)

No etymology assigned by Delamarre nor the GPC.
Stifter posits a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *bʰébʰrus with an assumed base meaning "light brown" and dissimilation of the initial consonant. However, that word generally means "beaver" elsewhere in Indo-European and the meaning "beaver" also appears in Celtic as *bibrus.


kelɸurnos

kelɸurnos (nominative singular)
kelɸurnou (dual nominative)
kelɸurnoi (nominative plural)
kelɸurne (singular vocative)
kelɸurnou (dual vocative)
kelɸurnoi (plural vocative)
kelɸurnom (accusative singular)
kelɸurnou (accusative dual)
kelɸurnons (accusative plural)
kelɸurnī (genitive singular)
kelɸurnous (dual genitive)
kelɸurnom (genitive plural)
kelɸurnūi (dative singular)
kelɸurnobom (dative dual)
kelɸurnobos (dative plural)
kelɸurnei (locative singular)
kelɸurnū (instrumental singular)
kelɸurnobim (dual instrumental)
kelɸurnūis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *kelurn

Middle Breton: quelorn

Breton: kelorn

Cornish: kelorn

Old Welsh: cilurnn

Middle Welsh: celwrn, kelwrn, kelurn

Welsh: celwrn

Old Irish: cilorn, cilornn

Middle Irish: cilurn, cilornd, cilarn

Unknown and probably a Wanderwort; similar words appear in Latin calpar and Ancient Greek κάλπις (kálpis). According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *kelp- (“cauldron, jar”), also compared to the British placename Cilurnum.


arkennā

arkennā (nominative singular)
arkennai (dual nominative)
arkennās (nominative plural)
arkennā (singular vocative)
arkennai (dual vocative)
arkennās (plural vocative)
arkennam (accusative singular)
arkennai (accusative dual)
arkennāns (accusative plural)
arkennās (genitive singular)
arkennous (dual genitive)
arkennom (genitive plural)
arkennāi (dative singular)
arkennābom (dative dual)
arkennābos (dative plural)
arkennai (locative singular)
arkennābim (dual instrumental)
arkennābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *arxenn

⇒ Middle Breton: archenaff

Breton: arc'henañ

Welsh: archen

Old Irish: accrann, acrann


louskom

louskom (nominative singular)
louskou (dual nominative)
louskā (nominative plural)
louskom (singular vocative)
louskou (dual vocative)
louskā (plural vocative)
louskom (accusative singular)
louskou (accusative dual)
louskā (accusative plural)
louskī (genitive singular)
louskous (dual genitive)
louskom (genitive plural)
louskūi (dative singular)
louskobom (dative dual)
louskobos (dative plural)
louskei (locative singular)
louskū (instrumental singular)
louskobim (dual instrumental)
louskūis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *llʉsk m

Old Breton: luscou pl

Breton: lusk

Middle Welsh: llusc

Welsh: llusg

Old Irish: lúasc

Middle Irish: lúasc

Scottish Gaelic: luasg


kʷarrā

kʷarrā (nominative singular)
kʷarrai (dual nominative)
kʷarrās (nominative plural)
kʷarrā (singular vocative)
kʷarrai (dual vocative)
kʷarrās (plural vocative)
kʷarram (accusative singular)
kʷarrai (accusative dual)
kʷarrāns (accusative plural)
kʷarrās (genitive singular)
kʷarrous (dual genitive)
kʷarrom (genitive plural)
kʷarrāi (dative singular)
kʷarrābom (dative dual)
kʷarrābos (dative plural)
kʷarrai (locative singular)
kʷarrābim (dual instrumental)
kʷarrābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic:

Middle Welsh: par

Welsh: pâr (“spear, staff”)

Old Irish: carr (“spear”)

Middle Irish: carr (“spear, peg”)


ɸaltan-

Proto-Brythonic: *ėlltɨn

Old Breton: altin

Middle Breton: autenn

Breton: aotenn

Old Welsh: elinn

Middle Welsh: ellyn

Welsh: ellyn

Old Irish: altan

Middle Irish: altan

Scottish Gaelic: ealtainn

Traditionally derived from a root reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel-, but such a reconstruction has been doubted by LEIA.


satī

satī (nominative singular)
satī (dual nominative)
satiyās (nominative plural)
satī (singular vocative)
satī (dual vocative)
satiyās (plural vocative)
satīm (accusative singular)
satī (accusative dual)
satīns (accusative plural)
satyās (genitive singular)
satyous (dual genitive)
satyom (genitive plural)
satyai (dative singular)
satyābom (dative dual)
satyābos (dative plural)
satyābim (dual instrumental)
satyābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *sėd

Middle Welsh: said

Welsh: said

Goidelic:

desc

Scottish Gaelic: saidh (“upright beam, chevron, tang”)

Manx: seiy (“tang”)


komkatus

komkatus (nominative singular)
komkatū (dual nominative)
komkatowes (nominative plural)
komkatu (singular vocative)
komkatū (dual vocative)
komkatūs (plural vocative)
komkatum (accusative singular)
komkatū (accusative dual)
komkatuns (accusative plural)
komkatous (genitive singular)
komkatous (dual genitive)
komkatowom (genitive plural)
komkatou (dative singular)
komkatubom (dative dual)
komkatubos (dative plural)
komkatū (instrumental singular)
komkatubim (dual instrumental)
komkatubis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *kungad

Middle Welsh: kyngad, kynkad, kyghad

Old Irish: cocad

Middle Irish: cogad, cacad

Irish: cogadh

Manx: caggey

Scottish Gaelic: cogadh

From *kom- (“together”) + *katus (“battle”)


wixtā

wixtā (nominative singular)
wixtai (dual nominative)
wixtās (nominative plural)
wixtā (singular vocative)
wixtai (dual vocative)
wixtās (plural vocative)
wixtam (accusative singular)
wixtai (accusative dual)
wixtāns (accusative plural)
wixtās (genitive singular)
wixtous (dual genitive)
wixtom (genitive plural)
wixtāi (dative singular)
wixtābom (dative dual)
wixtābos (dative plural)
wixtai (locative singular)
wixtābim (dual instrumental)
wixtābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *gweiθ

Old Breton: gueid

Middle Breton: guez

Breton: gwezh

Old Cornish: gueid

Middle Cornish: gweth, gwyth

Cornish: gweyth

Middle Welsh: gweith

Welsh: gwaith

Old Irish: fecht f (“course, expedition, journey”)

Scottish Gaelic: feachd m (“army”)

From Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to overcome”) + *-tā (verbal noun suffix).


agromagos

agromagos (nominative singular)
agromagese? (dual nominative)
agromagesa (nominative plural)
agromagos (singular vocative)
agromagese? (dual vocative)
agromagesa (plural vocative)
agromagos (accusative singular)
agromagese? (accusative dual)
agromagesa (accusative plural)
agromagesos (genitive singular)
agromagesous? (dual genitive)
agromagesom (genitive plural)
agromagesei (dative singular)
agromagesbom (dative dual)
agromagesbos (dative plural)
agromagesi (locative singular)
agromagesei (instrumental singular)
agromagesbim (dual instrumental)
agromagesbis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *aɨrβ̃aɣ

Old Breton: airma

Middle Welsh: aerfa, aerua, haerua

Welsh: aerfa

Old Irish: ármag

Middle Irish: ármach, árbach

From *agrom (“slaughter, battle”) + *magos (“field”).


agrokū

agrokū (nominative singular)
agrokone (dual nominative)
agrokones (nominative plural)
agrokū (singular vocative)
agrokone (dual vocative)
agrokones (plural vocative)
agrokonam (accusative singular)
agrokone (accusative dual)
agrokonans (accusative plural)
agrokunos (genitive singular)
agrokunou (dual genitive)
agrokunom (genitive plural)
agrokunei (dative singular)
agrokunobom (dative dual)
agrokunobos (dative plural)
agrokuni (locative singular)
agrokune? (instrumental singular)
agrokunobim (dual instrumental)
agrokunobis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *aɨrgi

Middle Welsh: aergi

Old Irish: árchú

Middle Irish: árchú

From *agrom (“slaughter, battle”) + *kū (“dog, hound”).


kʷresnogalā

kʷresnogalā (nominative singular)
kʷresnogalai (dual nominative)
kʷresnogalās (nominative plural)
kʷresnogalā (singular vocative)
kʷresnogalai (dual vocative)
kʷresnogalās (plural vocative)
kʷresnogalam (accusative singular)
kʷresnogalai (accusative dual)
kʷresnogalāns (accusative plural)
kʷresnogalās (genitive singular)
kʷresnogalous (dual genitive)
kʷresnogalom (genitive plural)
kʷresnogalāi (dative singular)
kʷresnogalābom (dative dual)
kʷresnogalābos (dative plural)
kʷresnogalai (locative singular)
kʷresnogalābim (dual instrumental)
kʷresnogalābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *prennɣal

desc

Middle Welsh: prennyal, prenial (“spear fight”)

Welsh: prenial (“box, coffin”)

Middle Irish: cranngal (“timber; something wooden, including spears”)

Classical Gaelic: crannghal

From *kʷresnom (“tree, wood”) + *galā (“fury”).

compound

Refers to a wide range of wooden objects, see descendants


āgomāros

agomāros (nominative singular)
agomārou (dual nominative)
agomāroi (nominative plural)
agomāre (singular vocative)
agomārou (dual vocative)
agomāroi (plural vocative)
agomārom (accusative singular)
agomārou (accusative dual)
agomārons (accusative plural)
agomārī (genitive singular)
agomārous (dual genitive)
agomārom (genitive plural)
agomārūi (dative singular)
agomārobom (dative dual)
agomārobos (dative plural)
agomārū (instrumental singular)
agomārobim (dual instrumental)
agomārobis (instrumental plural)
agomārā (nominative singular)
agomārai (dual nominative)
agomārās (nominative plural)
agomārā (singular vocative)
agomārai (dual vocative)
agomārās (plural vocative)
agomāram (accusative singular)
agomārai (accusative dual)
agomārans (accusative plural)
agomārās (genitive singular)
agomārai (dative singular)
agomārābom (dative dual)
agomārābos (dative plural)
agomārābim (dual instrumental)
agomārābis (instrumental plural)
agomārom (nominative singular)
agomārā (nominative plural)
agomārom (singular vocative)
agomārā (plural vocative)
agomārā (accusative plural)

Middle Irish: ágmar

Gaulish: *Āgomāros

→ Latin: Āgomārus

From *āgos (“battle, fight”) + *māros (“great”).


kolinos

kolinos (nominative singular)
kolinou (dual nominative)
kolinoi (nominative plural)
koline (singular vocative)
kolinou (dual vocative)
kolinoi (plural vocative)
kolinom (accusative singular)
kolinou (accusative dual)
kolinons (accusative plural)
kolinī (genitive singular)
kolinous (dual genitive)
kolinom (genitive plural)
kolinūi (dative singular)
kolinobom (dative dual)
kolinobos (dative plural)
kolinei (locative singular)
kolinū (instrumental singular)
kolinobim (dual instrumental)
kolinūis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *kölɨn

desc

Breton: (standard spelling) kelenn, (old spellings) quelen, quelenn, qelenn, kelen

Old Cornish: kelin

Middle Welsh: kelyn

Welsh: celyn

desctree

Old Irish: cuilenn
Irish: cuileann
Manx: cullyn
Scottish Gaelic: cuileann

The most obvious relatives are various Germanic words for "holly"; see Proto-West Germanic *hulis for these.


nekʷos

nekʷos (nominative singular)
nekʷou (dual nominative)
nekʷoi (nominative plural)
nekʷe (singular vocative)
nekʷou (dual vocative)
nekoi (plural vocative)
nekʷom (accusative singular)
nekʷou (accusative dual)
nekons (accusative plural)
nekʷī (genitive singular)
nekʷous (dual genitive)
nekʷom (genitive plural)
nekūi (dative singular)
nekʷobom (dative dual)
nekʷobos (dative plural)
nekʷei (locative singular)
nekū (instrumental singular)
nekʷobim (dual instrumental)
nekʷūis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *neb

Old Breton: nep

desc

Breton: nep (as a determiner), neb (as a pronoun)

Middle Cornish: nep, neb

Cornish: neb

Old Welsh: nep

Middle Welsh: neb, nep

Welsh: neb

Old Irish: nech (as a pronoun), nach (as a determiner)

Middle Irish: nech (as a pronoun), nach (as a determiner)

Gaulish: nepon (acc. sg.)


sondā

sondos (masculine)
sondā (nominative singular)
sondai (dual nominative)
sondās (nominative plural)
sondā (singular vocative)
sondai (dual vocative)
sondās (plural vocative)
sondam (accusative singular)
sondai (accusative dual)
sondāns (accusative plural)
sondās (genitive singular)
sondous (dual genitive)
sondom (genitive plural)
sondāi (dative singular)
sondābom (dative dual)
sondābos (dative plural)
sondai (locative singular)
sondābim (dual instrumental)
sondābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *honn

Middle Breton: homan, homman

Breton: homañ

Middle Cornish: homma

Middle Welsh: honn, hon

Welsh: hon

Gaulish: ondā

A parallel formation to *sondos, except fitted with feminine inflectional endings instead of masculine ones.


nekʷe

Parallel combinations of *né and *-kʷe also appear in Latin neque and Proto-Germanic *nehw.


nekʷe

Proto-Brythonic: *nag (with delabialization)

Middle Cornish: nag, na

Middle Welsh: nac, na

Welsh: na

Old Irish: nách (combined with copula), nach (used as a negative relative conjunction involving pronouns)

Celtiberian: nekue (“not, nor”)


komɸroankom

komɸroankom (nominative singular)
komɸroankou (dual nominative)
komɸroankā (nominative plural)
komɸroankom (singular vocative)
komɸroankou (dual vocative)
komɸroankā (plural vocative)
komɸroankom (accusative singular)
komɸroankou (accusative dual)
komɸroankā (accusative plural)
komɸroankī (genitive singular)
komɸroankous (dual genitive)
komɸroankom (genitive plural)
komɸroankūi (dative singular)
komɸroankobom (dative dual)
komɸroankobos (dative plural)
komɸroankei (locative singular)
komɸroankū (instrumental singular)
komɸroankobim (dual instrumental)
komɸroankūis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *kuβ̃rank

Middle Welsh: kyfranc, kyurang

Welsh: cyfranc, cyfrang

desctree

Old Irish: comrac, comracc
Middle Irish: comrac
Irish: comhrac (with irregular final -c)
Scottish Gaelic: còmhrag

From *kom- (“together”) + *ɸro- + *-om (verbal noun suffix) attached to the verbal root -ank- of *annketi (“to reach”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ-.


lubīgortos

lubīgortos (nominative singular)
lubīgortou (dual nominative)
lubīgortoi (nominative plural)
lubīgorte (singular vocative)
lubīgortou (dual vocative)
lubīgortoi (plural vocative)
lubīgortom (accusative singular)
lubīgortou (accusative dual)
lubīgortons (accusative plural)
lubīgortī (genitive singular)
lubīgortous (dual genitive)
lubīgortom (genitive plural)
lubīgortūi (dative singular)
lubīgortobom (dative dual)
lubīgortobos (dative plural)
lubīgortei (locative singular)
lubīgortū (instrumental singular)
lubīgortobim (dual instrumental)
lubīgortūis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *lluβɣorθ

Middle Breton: liorz

Breton: liorzh

desc

Old Cornish: luworch (-ch being an error for -th)

Middle Cornish: lowarth

Old Welsh: luird pl

Middle Welsh: lluarth

Welsh: lluarth

Old Irish: lubgort, luibgort, (with metathesis) lugbart

Middle Irish: lubgort

Irish: luibhghort, luibh-ghort

From *lubī (“herb, plant”) + *gortos (“field”).


aliskstros

aliskstros (nominative singular)
aliskstrou (dual nominative)
aliskstroi (nominative plural)
aliskstre (singular vocative)
aliskstrou (dual vocative)
aliskstroi (plural vocative)
aliskstrom (accusative singular)
aliskstrou (accusative dual)
aliskstrons (accusative plural)
aliskstrī (genitive singular)
aliskstrous (dual genitive)
aliskstrom (genitive plural)
aliskstrūi (dative singular)
aliskstrobom (dative dual)
aliskstrobos (dative plural)
aliskstrei (locative singular)
aliskstrū (instrumental singular)
aliskstrobim (dual instrumental)
aliskstrūis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *ėlestr f

Old Cornish: elestren

Cornish: elester

Old Breton: elestr

Breton: elestr

Middle Welsh: elestyr

Welsh: elestr

Middle Irish: ailestar (“flag iris”)

⇒ Irish: feileastram


osnos

osnos (nominative singular)
osnou (dual nominative)
osnoi (nominative plural)
osne (singular vocative)
osnou (dual vocative)
osnoi (plural vocative)
osnom (accusative singular)
osnou (accusative dual)
osnons (accusative plural)
osnī (genitive singular)
osnous (dual genitive)
osnom (genitive plural)
osnūi (dative singular)
osnobom (dative dual)
osnobos (dative plural)
osnei (locative singular)
osnū (instrumental singular)
osnobim (dual instrumental)
osnūis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *onn f

Middle Breton: ounenn sg

Breton: onn (collective), onnenn sg

Old Cornish: onnen sg

Cornish: onnen

Old Welsh: onnen sg

Middle Welsh: onn

Welsh: onn

Middle Irish: onn m

From Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃s- (“ash tree”).

der

Old Irish: uinnius⇒ Irish: fuinseog⇒ Scottish Gaelic: uinnseann


delgeti

delgū (active first-person present singular)
delgemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
didlixsū (active first-person future singular)
dalga (active first-person preterite singular)
delgesi (active present second-person singular)
delgetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
didlixsesi (active future second-person singular)
dalgas? (active preterite second-person singular)
delgeti (active present singular third-person)
delgeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
didlixseti (active future singular third-person)
dalge (active preterite singular third-person)
delgomosi (active first-person plural present)
delgemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
didlixsomosi (active first-person future plural)
dalgmo (active first-person plural preterite)
delgetesi (active plural present second-person)
delgestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
didlixsetesi (active future plural second-person)
dalxte (active plural preterite second-person)
delgonti (active plural present third-person)
delgento (active imperfect plural third-person)
didlixsonti (active future plural third-person)
dalgars (active plural preterite third-person)
delxsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
delxsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
delge (active imperative second-person singular)
delxseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
delgetou (active imperative singular third-person)
delxsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
delgomos (active first-person imperative plural)
delxsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
delgete (active imperative plural second-person)
delxsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
delgontou (active imperative plural third-person)
delgūr (first-person passive present singular)
didlixsūr (first-person future passive singular)
dalgra (first-person passive preterite singular)
delgetar (passive present second-person singular)
didlixsetar (future passive second-person singular)
dalgras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
delgetor (passive present singular third-person)
didlixsetor (future passive singular third-person)
dalgre (passive preterite singular third-person)
delgommor (first-person passive plural present)
didlixsommor (first-person future passive plural)
delgedwe (passive plural present second-person)
didlixsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
delgontor (passive plural present third-person)
didlixsontor (future passive plural third-person)
delxsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
delxsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
delxsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
delxsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
delxsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
delxsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
delgonts (nominative singular)
delgonte (dual nominative)
delgontes (nominative plural)
delgonts (singular vocative)
delgonte (dual vocative)
delgontes (plural vocative)
delgontam (accusative singular)
delgonte (accusative dual)
delgontans (accusative plural)
delgantos (genitive singular)
delgantom (genitive plural)
delgantei (dative singular)
delgantbom (dative dual)
delgantbos (dative plural)
delgantī? (instrumental singular)
delgantbim (dual instrumental)
delgantbis (instrumental plural)
delgantī (nominative singular)
delgantī (dual nominative)
delgantiyās (nominative plural)
delgantī (singular vocative)
delgantī (dual vocative)
delgantiyās (plural vocative)
delgantīm (accusative singular)
delgantī (accusative dual)
delgantiyans (accusative plural)
delgantyās (genitive singular)
delgantyom (genitive plural)
delgantyāi (dative singular)
delgantyābom (dative dual)
delgantyābos (dative plural)
delgantyābim (dual instrumental)
delgantyābis (instrumental plural)
delgont (nominative singular)
delgonta (nominative plural)
delgont (singular vocative)
delgonta (plural vocative)
delgont (accusative singular)
delgonta (accusative plural)
dlixtos (nominative singular)
dlixtou (dual nominative)
dlixtoi (nominative plural)
dlixte (singular vocative)
dlixtou (dual vocative)
dlixtoi (plural vocative)
dlixtom (accusative singular)
dlixtou (accusative dual)
dlixtons (accusative plural)
dlixtī (genitive singular)
dlixtous (dual genitive)
dlixtom (genitive plural)
dlixtūi (dative singular)
dlixtobom (dative dual)
dlixtobos (dative plural)
dlixtū (instrumental singular)
dlixtobim (dual instrumental)
dlixtobis (instrumental plural)
dlixtā (nominative singular)
dlixtai (dual nominative)
dlixtās (nominative plural)
dlixtā (singular vocative)
dlixtai (dual vocative)
dlixtās (plural vocative)
dlixtam (accusative singular)
dlixtai (accusative dual)
dlixtans (accusative plural)
dlixtās (genitive singular)
dlixtai (dative singular)
dlixtābom (dative dual)
dlixtābos (dative plural)
dlixtābim (dual instrumental)
dlixtābis (instrumental plural)
dlixtom (nominative singular)
dlixtā (nominative plural)
dlixtom (singular vocative)
dlixtā (plural vocative)
dlixtā (accusative plural)
dalskū (active first-person present singular)
dalskemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
didlixsū (active first-person future singular)
dalga (active first-person preterite singular)
dalskesi (active present second-person singular)
dalsketās (active imperfect second-person singular)
didlixsesi (active future second-person singular)
dalgas? (active preterite second-person singular)
dalsketi (active present singular third-person)
dalsketo (active imperfect singular third-person)
didlixseti (active future singular third-person)
dalge (active preterite singular third-person)
dalskomosi (active first-person plural present)
dalskemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
didlixsomosi (active first-person future plural)
dalgmo (active first-person plural preterite)
dalsketesi (active plural present second-person)
dalskestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
didlixsetesi (active future plural second-person)
dalxte (active plural preterite second-person)
dalskonti (active plural present third-person)
dalskento (active imperfect plural third-person)
didlixsonti (active future plural third-person)
dalgars (active plural preterite third-person)
delxsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
delxsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
dalske (active imperative second-person singular)
delxseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
dalsketou (active imperative singular third-person)
delxsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
dalskomos (active first-person imperative plural)
delxsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
dalskete (active imperative plural second-person)
delxsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
dalskontou (active imperative plural third-person)
dalskūr (first-person passive present singular)
didlixsūr (first-person future passive singular)
dalgra (first-person passive preterite singular)
dalsketar (passive present second-person singular)
didlixsetar (future passive second-person singular)
dalgras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
dalsketor (passive present singular third-person)
didlixsetor (future passive singular third-person)
dalgre (passive preterite singular third-person)
dalskommor (first-person passive plural present)
didlixsommor (first-person future passive plural)
dalskedwe (passive plural present second-person)
didlixsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
dalskontor (passive plural present third-person)
didlixsontor (future passive plural third-person)
delxsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
delxsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
delxsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
delxsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
delxsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
delxsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
dalskonts (nominative singular)
dalskonte (dual nominative)
dalskontes (nominative plural)
dalskonts (singular vocative)
dalskonte (dual vocative)
dalskontes (plural vocative)
dalskontam (accusative singular)
dalskonte (accusative dual)
dalskontans (accusative plural)
dalskantos (genitive singular)
dalskantom (genitive plural)
dalskantei (dative singular)
dalskantbom (dative dual)
dalskantbos (dative plural)
dalskantī? (instrumental singular)
dalskantbim (dual instrumental)
dalskantbis (instrumental plural)
dalskantī (nominative singular)
dalskantī (dual nominative)
dalskantiyās (nominative plural)
dalskantī (singular vocative)
dalskantī (dual vocative)
dalskantiyās (plural vocative)
dalskantīm (accusative singular)
dalskantī (accusative dual)
dalskantiyans (accusative plural)
dalskantyās (genitive singular)
dalskantyom (genitive plural)
dalskantyāi (dative singular)
dalskantyābom (dative dual)
dalskantyābos (dative plural)
dalskantyābim (dual instrumental)
dalskantyābis (instrumental plural)
dalskont (nominative singular)
dalskonta (nominative plural)
dalskont (singular vocative)
dalskonta (plural vocative)
dalskont (accusative singular)
dalskonta (accusative plural)
dlixtos (nominative singular)
dlixtou (dual nominative)
dlixtoi (nominative plural)
dlixte (singular vocative)
dlixtou (dual vocative)
dlixtoi (plural vocative)
dlixtom (accusative singular)
dlixtou (accusative dual)
dlixtons (accusative plural)
dlixtī (genitive singular)
dlixtous (dual genitive)
dlixtom (genitive plural)
dlixtūi (dative singular)
dlixtobom (dative dual)
dlixtobos (dative plural)
dlixtū (instrumental singular)
dlixtobim (dual instrumental)
dlixtobis (instrumental plural)
dlixtā (nominative singular)
dlixtai (dual nominative)
dlixtās (nominative plural)
dlixtā (singular vocative)
dlixtai (dual vocative)
dlixtās (plural vocative)
dlixtam (accusative singular)
dlixtai (accusative dual)
dlixtans (accusative plural)
dlixtās (genitive singular)
dlixtai (dative singular)
dlixtābom (dative dual)
dlixtābos (dative plural)
dlixtābim (dual instrumental)
dlixtābis (instrumental plural)
dlixtom (nominative singular)
dlixtā (nominative plural)
dlixtom (singular vocative)
dlixtā (plural vocative)
dlixtā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic:

Old Breton: delgim

Middle Breton: delc'hel, derchell

Breton: derc'hel

Middle Welsh: daly, dala, deli

Welsh: dal

Gaulish: delgu (1sg. pres.)

LIV (following Vendryes) and KPV assign this to Proto-Indo-European *delǵʰ- (“to become firm”). Matasović says that *dl̥h₁gʰós should not be connected here and assigns no etymology, but also compares Albanian ndal (“to stop”).

Brill Publishers
Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben

ymattal

⇒ Middle Welsh: ymattal; Welsh; old spelling

cynnal

Middle Welsh: kynhal, kynnhal, kennal; Welsh

ymgynnal

⇒ Middle Welsh: ymgynnal, ymgynhal, ymgynnhal; Welsh


kaglā

kaglā (nominative singular)
kaglai (dual nominative)
kaglās (nominative plural)
kaglā (singular vocative)
kaglai (dual vocative)
kaglās (plural vocative)
kaglam (accusative singular)
kaglai (accusative dual)
kaglāns (accusative plural)
kaglās (genitive singular)
kaglous (dual genitive)
kaglom (genitive plural)
kaglāi (dative singular)
kaglābom (dative dual)
kaglābos (dative plural)
kaglai (locative singular)
kaglābim (dual instrumental)
kaglābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *kaɨl

Middle Welsh: cael

Welsh: cael

⇒ Middle Welsh: ymgael

Welsh: ymgael

From *kageti (“to get”) + *-lā (noun-forming suffix).


kageti

kagū (active first-person present singular)
kagemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
kikaxsū (active first-person future singular)
kāga (active first-person preterite singular)
kagesi (active present second-person singular)
kagetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
kikaxsesi (active future second-person singular)
kāgas? (active preterite second-person singular)
kageti (active present singular third-person)
kageto (active imperfect singular third-person)
kikaxseti (active future singular third-person)
kāge (active preterite singular third-person)
kagomosi (active first-person plural present)
kagemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
kikaxsomosi (active first-person future plural)
kāgmo (active first-person plural preterite)
kagetesi (active plural present second-person)
kagestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
kikaxsetesi (active future plural second-person)
kāxte (active plural preterite second-person)
kagonti (active plural present third-person)
kagento (active imperfect plural third-person)
kikaxsonti (active future plural third-person)
kāgars (active plural preterite third-person)
kaxsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
kaxsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
kage (active imperative second-person singular)
kaxseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
kagetou (active imperative singular third-person)
kaxsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
kagomos (active first-person imperative plural)
kaxsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
kagete (active imperative plural second-person)
kaxsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
kagontou (active imperative plural third-person)
kagūr (first-person passive present singular)
kikaxsūr (first-person future passive singular)
kāgra (first-person passive preterite singular)
kagetar (passive present second-person singular)
kikaxsetar (future passive second-person singular)
kāgras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
kagetor (passive present singular third-person)
kikaxsetor (future passive singular third-person)
kāgre (passive preterite singular third-person)
kagommor (first-person passive plural present)
kikaxsommor (first-person future passive plural)
kagedwe (passive plural present second-person)
kikaxsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
kagontor (passive plural present third-person)
kikaxsontor (future passive plural third-person)
kaxsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
kaxsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
kaxsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
kaxsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
kaxsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
kaxsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
kagonts (nominative singular)
kagonte (dual nominative)
kagontes (nominative plural)
kagonts (singular vocative)
kagonte (dual vocative)
kagontes (plural vocative)
kagontam (accusative singular)
kagonte (accusative dual)
kagontans (accusative plural)
kagantos (genitive singular)
kagantom (genitive plural)
kagantei (dative singular)
kagantbom (dative dual)
kagantbos (dative plural)
kagantī? (instrumental singular)
kagantbim (dual instrumental)
kagantbis (instrumental plural)
kagantī (nominative singular)
kagantī (dual nominative)
kagantiyās (nominative plural)
kagantī (singular vocative)
kagantī (dual vocative)
kagantiyās (plural vocative)
kagantīm (accusative singular)
kagantī (accusative dual)
kagantiyans (accusative plural)
kagantyās (genitive singular)
kagantyom (genitive plural)
kagantyāi (dative singular)
kagantyābom (dative dual)
kagantyābos (dative plural)
kagantyābim (dual instrumental)
kagantyābis (instrumental plural)
kagont (nominative singular)
kagonta (nominative plural)
kagont (singular vocative)
kagonta (plural vocative)
kagont (accusative singular)
kagonta (accusative plural)
kaxtos (nominative singular)
kaxtou (dual nominative)
kaxtoi (nominative plural)
kaxte (singular vocative)
kaxtou (dual vocative)
kaxtoi (plural vocative)
kaxtom (accusative singular)
kaxtou (accusative dual)
kaxtons (accusative plural)
kaxtī (genitive singular)
kaxtous (dual genitive)
kaxtom (genitive plural)
kaxtūi (dative singular)
kaxtobom (dative dual)
kaxtobos (dative plural)
kaxtū (instrumental singular)
kaxtobim (dual instrumental)
kaxtobis (instrumental plural)
kaxtā (nominative singular)
kaxtai (dual nominative)
kaxtās (nominative plural)
kaxtā (singular vocative)
kaxtai (dual vocative)
kaxtās (plural vocative)
kaxtam (accusative singular)
kaxtai (accusative dual)
kaxtans (accusative plural)
kaxtās (genitive singular)
kaxtai (dative singular)
kaxtābom (dative dual)
kaxtābos (dative plural)
kaxtābim (dual instrumental)
kaxtābis (instrumental plural)
kaxtom (nominative singular)
kaxtā (nominative plural)
kaxtom (singular vocative)
kaxtā (plural vocative)
kaxtā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *kėɣɨd

Old Welsh: ci (2sg. pres.)

Middle Welsh: cael

desc

Welsh: cael (merged with caffael from *gabyeti)


keinos

keinos (nominative singular)
keinou (dual nominative)
keinoi (nominative plural)
keine (singular vocative)
keinou (dual vocative)
keinoi (plural vocative)
keinom (accusative singular)
keinou (accusative dual)
keinons (accusative plural)
keinī (genitive singular)
keinous (dual genitive)
keinom (genitive plural)
keinūi (dative singular)
keinobom (dative dual)
keinobos (dative plural)
keinū (instrumental singular)
keinobim (dual instrumental)
keinobis (instrumental plural)
keinā (nominative singular)
keinai (dual nominative)
keinās (nominative plural)
keinā (singular vocative)
keinai (dual vocative)
keinās (plural vocative)
keinam (accusative singular)
keinai (accusative dual)
keinans (accusative plural)
keinās (genitive singular)
keinai (dative singular)
keinābom (dative dual)
keinābos (dative plural)
keinābim (dual instrumental)
keinābis (instrumental plural)
keinom (nominative singular)
keinā (nominative plural)
keinom (singular vocative)
keinā (plural vocative)
keinā (accusative plural)

desctree

Old Irish: cían, cén
Middle Irish: cían
Irish: cian
Scottish Gaelic: cian

Gaulish: *cenos

⇒ Gaulish: *Cenomanoi

→ Latin: Cenomanī

⇒ Gaulish: *Cenouelos

→ Latin: Cenovelus

⇒ Gaulish: *Cenobarbos

→ Latin: Cenobarbus

No etymology given by Delamarre.
The usual derivation takes this as derived from Proto-Indo-European *kʷyeh₁- (“to rest”), but this requires a metathesis in its currently reconstructed form, and this reconstruction cannot accommodate the Gaulish words.


reideti

reidū (active first-person present singular)
reidemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
riritsū (active first-person future singular)
riroida (active first-person preterite singular)
reidesi (active present second-person singular)
reidetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
riritsesi (active future second-person singular)
riroidas? (active preterite second-person singular)
reideti (active present singular third-person)
reideto (active imperfect singular third-person)
riritseti (active future singular third-person)
riroide (active preterite singular third-person)
reidomosi (active first-person plural present)
reidemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
riritsomosi (active first-person future plural)
riroidmo (active first-person plural preterite)
reidetesi (active plural present second-person)
reidestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
riritsetesi (active future plural second-person)
riroisse (active plural preterite second-person)
reidonti (active plural present third-person)
reidento (active imperfect plural third-person)
riritsonti (active future plural third-person)
riroidars (active plural preterite third-person)
reitsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
reitsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
reide (active imperative second-person singular)
reitseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
reidetou (active imperative singular third-person)
reitsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
reidomos (active first-person imperative plural)
reitsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
reidete (active imperative plural second-person)
reitsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
reidontou (active imperative plural third-person)
reidūr (first-person passive present singular)
riritsūr (first-person future passive singular)
riroidra (first-person passive preterite singular)
reidetar (passive present second-person singular)
riritsetar (future passive second-person singular)
riroidras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
reidetor (passive present singular third-person)
riritsetor (future passive singular third-person)
riroidre (passive preterite singular third-person)
reidommor (first-person passive plural present)
riritsommor (first-person future passive plural)
reidedwe (passive plural present second-person)
riritsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
reidontor (passive plural present third-person)
riritsontor (future passive plural third-person)
reitsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
reitsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
reitsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
reitsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
reitsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
reitsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
reidonts (nominative singular)
reidonte (dual nominative)
reidontes (nominative plural)
reidonts (singular vocative)
reidonte (dual vocative)
reidontes (plural vocative)
reidontam (accusative singular)
reidonte (accusative dual)
reidontans (accusative plural)
reidantos (genitive singular)
reidantom (genitive plural)
reidantei (dative singular)
reidantbom (dative dual)
reidantbos (dative plural)
reidantī? (instrumental singular)
reidantbim (dual instrumental)
reidantbis (instrumental plural)
reidantī (nominative singular)
reidantī (dual nominative)
reidantiyās (nominative plural)
reidantī (singular vocative)
reidantī (dual vocative)
reidantiyās (plural vocative)
reidantīm (accusative singular)
reidantī (accusative dual)
reidantiyans (accusative plural)
reidantyās (genitive singular)
reidantyom (genitive plural)
reidantyāi (dative singular)
reidantyābom (dative dual)
reidantyābos (dative plural)
reidantyābim (dual instrumental)
reidantyābis (instrumental plural)
reidont (nominative singular)
reidonta (nominative plural)
reidont (singular vocative)
reidonta (plural vocative)
reidont (accusative singular)
reidonta (accusative plural)
rissos (nominative singular)
rissou (dual nominative)
rissoi (nominative plural)
risse (singular vocative)
rissou (dual vocative)
rissoi (plural vocative)
rissom (accusative singular)
rissou (accusative dual)
rissons (accusative plural)
rissī (genitive singular)
rissous (dual genitive)
rissom (genitive plural)
rissūi (dative singular)
rissobom (dative dual)
rissobos (dative plural)
rissū (instrumental singular)
rissobim (dual instrumental)
rissobis (instrumental plural)
rissā (nominative singular)
rissai (dual nominative)
rissās (nominative plural)
rissā (singular vocative)
rissai (dual vocative)
rissās (plural vocative)
rissam (accusative singular)
rissai (accusative dual)
rissans (accusative plural)
rissās (genitive singular)
rissai (dative singular)
rissābom (dative dual)
rissābos (dative plural)
rissābim (dual instrumental)
rissābis (instrumental plural)
rissom (nominative singular)
rissā (nominative plural)
rissom (singular vocative)
rissā (plural vocative)
rissā (accusative plural)

Old Irish: réidid
Middle Irish: réidid

From Proto-Indo-European *(H)reydʰ-, cognate to Old English rīdan (whence English ride, from Proto-Germanic *rīdaną) and Lithuanian riedėti (“to roll”).

réimMiddle Irish: réimIrish: réimScottish Gaelic: rèim


wradī

wradī (nominative singular)
wradī (dual nominative)
wradiyās (nominative plural)
wradī (singular vocative)
wradī (dual vocative)
wradiyās (plural vocative)
wradīm (accusative singular)
wradī (accusative dual)
wradīns (accusative plural)
wradyās (genitive singular)
wradyous (dual genitive)
wradyom (genitive plural)
wradyai (dative singular)
wradyābom (dative dual)
wradyābos (dative plural)
wradyābim (dual instrumental)
wradyābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *gwrėð

Middle Breton: gruyzyenn, gruyzienn

Breton: gwrizienn f

Old Cornish: grueiten

Cornish: gwreydh

Middle Welsh: gwreid

Welsh: gwraidd m

From a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“root”).


wridmā

wridmā (nominative singular)
wridmai (dual nominative)
wridmās (nominative plural)
wridmā (singular vocative)
wridmai (dual vocative)
wridmās (plural vocative)
wridmam (accusative singular)
wridmai (accusative dual)
wridmāns (accusative plural)
wridmās (genitive singular)
wridmous (dual genitive)
wridmom (genitive plural)
wridmāi (dative singular)
wridmābom (dative dual)
wridmābos (dative plural)
wridmai (locative singular)
wridmābim (dual instrumental)
wridmābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *gwreðβ̃

Middle Welsh: gredyf, gretyf

Welsh: greddf

desctree

Old Irish: frém
Middle Irish: frém, prém
Irish: fréamh, préamh
Manx: fraue
Scottish Gaelic: freumh

Seemingly a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“root”), but the root laryngeal disappeared somehow.


wregis

wregis (nominative singular)
wregī (dual nominative)
wregīs (nominative plural)
wregi (singular vocative)
wregī (dual vocative)
wregīs (plural vocative)
wregim (accusative singular)
wregī (accusative dual)
wregins (accusative plural)
wregeis (genitive singular)
wregyow (dual genitive)
wregyom (genitive plural)
wregei (dative singular)
wregibom (dative dual)
wregibos (dative plural)
wregei (locative singular)
wregī (instrumental singular)
wregibim (dual instrumental)
wregibis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *gwrɨɣ

⇒ Middle Welsh: achure, achre

Welsh: achwre, achre

Old Irish: fraig

Middle Irish: fraig

Irish: fraigh

Scottish Gaelic: fraigh

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁wreǵ- (“to enclose”), related to Ancient Greek ἔργω (érgō, “to close off, enclose”) and Sanskrit वृज (vṛja, “wattle, fence”).


weiliyā

weiliyā (nominative singular)
weiliyai (dual nominative)
weiliyās (nominative plural)
weiliyā (singular vocative)
weiliyai (dual vocative)
weiliyās (plural vocative)
weiliyam (accusative singular)
weiliyai (accusative dual)
weiliyāns (accusative plural)
weiliyās (genitive singular)
weiliyous (dual genitive)
weiliyom (genitive plural)
weiliyāi (dative singular)
weiliyābom (dative dual)
weiliyābos (dative plural)
weiliyai (locative singular)
weiliyābim (dual instrumental)
weiliyābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *gwuɨleð

Old Breton: guiled

Old Welsh: guiled

Middle Welsh: gwyled, gwylet, guilet

Welsh: gwyledd

Old Irish: féle

Middle Irish: féile

Irish: féile

From *weilos (“modest”) + *-iyā (forms nouns from adjectives).


bowitrom

bowitrom (nominative singular)
bowitrou (dual nominative)
bowitrā (nominative plural)
bowitrom (singular vocative)
bowitrou (dual vocative)
bowitrā (plural vocative)
bowitrom (accusative singular)
bowitrou (accusative dual)
bowitrā (accusative plural)
bowitrī (genitive singular)
bowitrous (dual genitive)
bowitrom (genitive plural)
bowitrūi (dative singular)
bowitrobom (dative dual)
bowitrobos (dative plural)
bowitrei (locative singular)
bowitrū (instrumental singular)
bowitrobim (dual instrumental)
bowitrūis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *bowdr

Old Cornish: bounder (“pasture”)

Middle Welsh: beuder

Welsh: beidr, feidr, meidr

Middle Irish: bóthar

Classical Gaelic: bóthar

Irish: bóthar

Manx: bayr

Scottish Gaelic: bothar

From *bou- (“cow”) + *i- (“going”) + Proto-Indo-European *-trom (instrumental suffix).


mrakis

mrakis gender unattested (canonical)
mrakis (nominative singular)
mrakī (dual nominative)
mrakīs (nominative plural)
mraki (singular vocative)
mrakī (dual vocative)
mrakīs (plural vocative)
mrakim (accusative singular)
mrakī (accusative dual)
mrakins (accusative plural)
mrakeis (genitive singular)
mrakyow (dual genitive)
mrakyom (genitive plural)
mrakei (dative singular)
mrakibom (dative dual)
mrakibos (dative plural)
mrakei (locative singular)
mrakī (instrumental singular)
mrakibim (dual instrumental)
mrakibis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *brag

Middle Breton: braguez

Breton: bragez

Old Cornish: brag

Cornish: brag

Middle Welsh: brag, brac

Welsh: brag

Old Irish: mraich

Middle Irish: braich

Irish: braich

Manx: bry

Scottish Gaelic: braich

Gaulish: bracis

→ Latin: bracis

desc

French: brai (“grain residue after distillation; crushed malt”)

⇒ Latin: *braciō (1st-conjugation verb)

French: brasser

Connecting this word to Latin marceō etc., as has been done since Pokorny, runs into the problem of explaining the *a; it cannot be regularly yielded from a root *merk- (“to be soaked”).


adastos

adastos (nominative singular)
adastou (dual nominative)
adastoi (nominative plural)
adaste (singular vocative)
adastou (dual vocative)
adastoi (plural vocative)
adastom (accusative singular)
adastou (accusative dual)
adastons (accusative plural)
adastī (genitive singular)
adastous (dual genitive)
adastom (genitive plural)
adastūi (dative singular)
adastobom (dative dual)
adastobos (dative plural)
adastū (instrumental singular)
adastobim (dual instrumental)
adastobis (instrumental plural)
adastā (nominative singular)
adastai (dual nominative)
adastās (nominative plural)
adastā (singular vocative)
adastai (dual vocative)
adastās (plural vocative)
adastam (accusative singular)
adastai (accusative dual)
adastans (accusative plural)
adastās (genitive singular)
adastai (dative singular)
adastābom (dative dual)
adastābos (dative plural)
adastābim (dual instrumental)
adastābis (instrumental plural)
adastom (nominative singular)
adastā (nominative plural)
adastom (singular vocative)
adastā (plural vocative)
adastā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *aðas

Old Breton: adas

Middle Welsh: adas

Welsh: addas

Old Irish: adas

From *ad- (“law, custom”) followed by an obscure second element.
* Pedersen thinks the second element -ast- is an incarnation of the common -st- noun formant, but -st- suffixes are generally never adjectival.
* Matasović erroneously reconstructs the ending as -estus. This reconstruction is incorrect because the suffix cannot have had an -e-, as demonstrated by Brittonic suffixal -a-.
* Hamp derives the second element from a Celtic counterpart to Latin astō (“to be present, stand by”).


komadastos

komadastos (nominative singular)
komadastou (dual nominative)
komadastoi (nominative plural)
komadaste (singular vocative)
komadastou (dual vocative)
komadastoi (plural vocative)
komadastom (accusative singular)
komadastou (accusative dual)
komadastons (accusative plural)
komadastī (genitive singular)
komadastous (dual genitive)
komadastom (genitive plural)
komadastūi (dative singular)
komadastobom (dative dual)
komadastobos (dative plural)
komadastū (instrumental singular)
komadastobim (dual instrumental)
komadastobis (instrumental plural)
komadastā (nominative singular)
komadastai (dual nominative)
komadastās (nominative plural)
komadastā (singular vocative)
komadastai (dual vocative)
komadastās (plural vocative)
komadastam (accusative singular)
komadastai (accusative dual)
komadastans (accusative plural)
komadastās (genitive singular)
komadastai (dative singular)
komadastābom (dative dual)
komadastābos (dative plural)
komadastābim (dual instrumental)
komadastābis (instrumental plural)
komadastom (nominative singular)
komadastā (nominative plural)
komadastom (singular vocative)
komadastā (plural vocative)
komadastā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic:

Old Breton: camadas

Old Welsh: cimadas

Middle Welsh: kyfadas, kyuadas, kywatas

Welsh: cyfaddas

Old Irish: comadas

Middle Irish: comadas, comdas

Classical Gaelic: comhadhas

From *kom- + *adastos (“suitable, fitting, proper”).


agnā

agnā (nominative singular)
agnai (dual nominative)
agnās (nominative plural)
agnā (singular vocative)
agnai (dual vocative)
agnās (plural vocative)
agnam (accusative singular)
agnai (accusative dual)
agnāns (accusative plural)
agnās (genitive singular)
agnous (dual genitive)
agnom (genitive plural)
agnāi (dative singular)
agnābom (dative dual)
agnābos (dative plural)
agnai (locative singular)
agnābim (dual instrumental)
agnābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *aɨn

Old Breton: aen

Old Irish: áin

Irish: áin

A verbal noun to *ageti (“to drive”). The *-nā suffix was quite rare in Celtic, only otherwise found in Old Irish úan (“loan”).


morigablos

morigablos (nominative singular)
morigablou (dual nominative)
morigabloi (nominative plural)
morigable (singular vocative)
morigablou (dual vocative)
morigabloi (plural vocative)
morigablom (accusative singular)
morigablou (accusative dual)
morigablons (accusative plural)
morigablī (genitive singular)
morigablous (dual genitive)
morigablom (genitive plural)
morigablūi (dative singular)
morigablobom (dative dual)
morigablobos (dative plural)
morigablei (locative singular)
morigablū (instrumental singular)
morigablobim (dual instrumental)
morigablūis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *morɣaβl

Old Breton: morgablou pl

Middle Welsh: morawl

>? Old Irish: muirgobuil pl

Middle Irish: muirgabuil (gen. sg.)


tinīti

tinīmi (active first-person present singular)
tinamam (active first-person imperfect singular)
tinīsi (active present second-person singular)
tinatās (active imperfect second-person singular)
tinīti (active present singular third-person)
tinato (active imperfect singular third-person)
tinamosi (active first-person plural present)
tinamo (active first-person imperfect plural)
tinatesi (active plural present second-person)
tinastē (active imperfect plural second-person)
tinenti (active plural present third-person)
tinanto (active imperfect plural third-person)
tinī (active imperative second-person singular)
tinītou (active imperative singular third-person)
tinamos (active first-person imperative plural)
tinate (active imperative plural second-person)
tinentou (active imperative plural third-person)
tinīr (first-person passive present singular)
tinītar (passive present second-person singular)
tinītor (passive present singular third-person)
tinammor (first-person passive plural present)
tinadwe (passive plural present second-person)
tinentor (passive plural present third-person)
tinonts (nominative singular)
tinonte (dual nominative)
tinontes (nominative plural)
tinonts (singular vocative)
tinonte (dual vocative)
tinontes (plural vocative)
tinontam (accusative singular)
tinonte (accusative dual)
tinontans (accusative plural)
tinantos (genitive singular)
tinantom (genitive plural)
tinantei (dative singular)
tinantbom (dative dual)
tinantbos (dative plural)
tinantī? (instrumental singular)
tinantbim (dual instrumental)
tinantbis (instrumental plural)
tinantī (nominative singular)
tinantī (dual nominative)
tinantiyās (nominative plural)
tinantī (singular vocative)
tinantī (dual vocative)
tinantiyās (plural vocative)
tinantīm (accusative singular)
tinantī (accusative dual)
tinantiyans (accusative plural)
tinantyās (genitive singular)
tinantyom (genitive plural)
tinantyāi (dative singular)
tinantyābom (dative dual)
tinantyābos (dative plural)
tinantyābim (dual instrumental)
tinantyābis (instrumental plural)
tinont (nominative singular)
tinonta (nominative plural)
tinont (singular vocative)
tinonta (plural vocative)
tinont (accusative singular)
tinonta (accusative plural)
tītos (nominative singular)
tītou (dual nominative)
tītoi (nominative plural)
tīte (singular vocative)
tītou (dual vocative)
tītoi (plural vocative)
tītom (accusative singular)
tītou (accusative dual)
tītons (accusative plural)
tītī (genitive singular)
tītous (dual genitive)
tītom (genitive plural)
tītūi (dative singular)
tītobom (dative dual)
tītobos (dative plural)
tītū (instrumental singular)
tītobim (dual instrumental)
tītobis (instrumental plural)
tītā (nominative singular)
tītai (dual nominative)
tītās (nominative plural)
tītā (singular vocative)
tītai (dual vocative)
tītās (plural vocative)
tītam (accusative singular)
tītai (accusative dual)
tītans (accusative plural)
tītās (genitive singular)
tītai (dative singular)
tītābom (dative dual)
tītābos (dative plural)
tītābim (dual instrumental)
tītābis (instrumental plural)
tītom (nominative singular)
tītā (nominative plural)
tītom (singular vocative)
tītā (plural vocative)
tītā (accusative plural)

Old Irish: tinaid

Nasal-infix verb from Proto-Indo-European *teyh₁-, cognate to Old Norse þíðr (“thawed”), Old English þīnan (“to moisten”), and Hittite [script needed] (zēari, “to boil”).


tādeti

tādū (active first-person present singular)
tādemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
titāsū (active first-person future singular)
tetū (active first-person preterite singular)
tādesi (active present second-person singular)
tādetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
titāsesi (active future second-person singular)
tetūs (active preterite second-person singular)
tādeti (active present singular third-person)
tādeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
titāseti (active future singular third-person)
tetū (active preterite singular third-person)
tādomosi (active first-person plural present)
tādemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
titāsomosi (active first-person future plural)
tetamo (active first-person plural preterite)
tādetesi (active plural present second-person)
tādestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
titāsetesi (active future plural second-person)
tetate (active plural preterite second-person)
tādonti (active plural present third-person)
tādento (active imperfect plural third-person)
titāsonti (active future plural third-person)
tetars (active plural preterite third-person)
tāsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
tāsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
tāde (active imperative second-person singular)
tāseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
tādetou (active imperative singular third-person)
tāsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
tādomos (active first-person imperative plural)
tāsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
tādete (active imperative plural second-person)
tāsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
tādontou (active imperative plural third-person)
tādūr (first-person passive present singular)
titāsūr (first-person future passive singular)
tādetar (passive present second-person singular)
titāsetar (future passive second-person singular)
tādetor (passive present singular third-person)
titāsetor (future passive singular third-person)
tādommor (first-person passive plural present)
titāsommor (first-person future passive plural)
tādedwe (passive plural present second-person)
titāsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
tādontor (passive plural present third-person)
titāsontor (future passive plural third-person)
tāsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
tāsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
tāsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
tāsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
tāsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
tāsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
tādonts (nominative singular)
tādonte (dual nominative)
tādontes (nominative plural)
tādonts (singular vocative)
tādonte (dual vocative)
tādontes (plural vocative)
tādontam (accusative singular)
tādonte (accusative dual)
tādontans (accusative plural)
tādantos (genitive singular)
tādantom (genitive plural)
tādantei (dative singular)
tādantbom (dative dual)
tādantbos (dative plural)
tādantī? (instrumental singular)
tādantbim (dual instrumental)
tādantbis (instrumental plural)
tādantī (nominative singular)
tādantī (dual nominative)
tādantiyās (nominative plural)
tādantī (singular vocative)
tādantī (dual vocative)
tādantiyās (plural vocative)
tādantīm (accusative singular)
tādantī (accusative dual)
tādantiyans (accusative plural)
tādantyās (genitive singular)
tādantyom (genitive plural)
tādantyāi (dative singular)
tādantyābom (dative dual)
tādantyābos (dative plural)
tādantyābim (dual instrumental)
tādantyābis (instrumental plural)
tādont (nominative singular)
tādonta (nominative plural)
tādont (singular vocative)
tādonta (plural vocative)
tādont (accusative singular)
tādonta (accusative plural)
tatos (nominative singular)
tatou (dual nominative)
tatoi (nominative plural)
tate (singular vocative)
tatou (dual vocative)
tatoi (plural vocative)
tatom (accusative singular)
tatou (accusative dual)
tatons (accusative plural)
tatī (genitive singular)
tatous (dual genitive)
tatom (genitive plural)
tatūi (dative singular)
tatobom (dative dual)
tatobos (dative plural)
tatū (instrumental singular)
tatobim (dual instrumental)
tatobis (instrumental plural)
tatā (nominative singular)
tatai (dual nominative)
tatās (nominative plural)
tatā (singular vocative)
tatai (dual vocative)
tatās (plural vocative)
tatam (accusative singular)
tatai (accusative dual)
tatans (accusative plural)
tatās (genitive singular)
tatai (dative singular)
tatābom (dative dual)
tatābos (dative plural)
tatābim (dual instrumental)
tatābis (instrumental plural)
tatom (nominative singular)
tatā (nominative plural)
tatom (singular vocative)
tatā (plural vocative)
tatā (accusative plural)

desctree

Proto-Brythonic: *tọðɨd
Old Breton: todint
Middle Breton: teuziff
Breton: teuziñ
Cornish: teudha, teudhi
Middle Welsh: todi
Welsh: toddi

desc

incorporated into the paradigm of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">tinaid</i>

Old Irish: (incorporated into the paradigm of tinaid) ·taa (3sg. subj.), ro·tetha (3sg. perf.)

From Proto-Indo-European *teh₂- (“to melt”).


kreitros

kreitros (nominative singular)
kreitrou (dual nominative)
kreitroi (nominative plural)
kreitre (singular vocative)
kreitrou (dual vocative)
kreitroi (plural vocative)
kreitrom (accusative singular)
kreitrou (accusative dual)
kreitrons (accusative plural)
kreitrī (genitive singular)
kreitrous (dual genitive)
kreitrom (genitive plural)
kreitrūi (dative singular)
kreitrobom (dative dual)
kreitrobos (dative plural)
kreitrei (locative singular)
kreitrū (instrumental singular)
kreitrobim (dual instrumental)
kreitrūis (instrumental plural)

desctree

Proto-Brythonic: *kruɨdr
Old Breton: croitir
Middle Breton: croezr
Old Cornish: croider
Old Welsh: cruitr
Welsh: crwydr

Old Irish: críathar

Middle Irish: críathar

Irish: criathar

Manx: creear

Scottish Gaelic: criathar

From Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to sift, separate”) followed by *-trom (instrumental suffix). However, the fact that this noun failed to appear as a neuter in Old Irish is odd.


tarwosatyos

tarwosatyos (nominative singular)
tarwosatyou (dual nominative)
tarwosatyoi (nominative plural)
tarwosatye (singular vocative)
tarwosatyou (dual vocative)
tarwosatyoi (plural vocative)
tarwosatyom (accusative singular)
tarwosatyou (accusative dual)
tarwosatyons (accusative plural)
tarwosatyī (genitive singular)
tarwosatyous (dual genitive)
tarwosatyom (genitive plural)
tarwosatyūi (dative singular)
tarwosatyobom (dative dual)
tarwosatyobos (dative plural)
tarwosatyei (locative singular)
tarwosatyū (instrumental singular)
tarwosatyobim (dual instrumental)
tarwosatyūis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *tarwhėd

Breton: tarvhed

Middle Welsh: taruheyt

Welsh: tarwhaid

Old Irish: tarbsaithe

From *tarwos (“bull”) + *satyos (“swarm”).

a cast swarm; the second swarm of bees to leave the hive in a season


audīti

audīmi (active first-person present singular)
audamam (active first-person imperfect singular)
audīsi (active present second-person singular)
audatās (active imperfect second-person singular)
audīti (active present singular third-person)
audato (active imperfect singular third-person)
audamosi (active first-person plural present)
audamo (active first-person imperfect plural)
audatesi (active plural present second-person)
audastē (active imperfect plural second-person)
audenti (active plural present third-person)
audanto (active imperfect plural third-person)
audū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
audesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
audī (active imperative second-person singular)
audeti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
audītou (active imperative singular third-person)
audomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
audamos (active first-person imperative plural)
audetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
audate (active imperative plural second-person)
audonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
audentou (active imperative plural third-person)
audīr (first-person passive present singular)
audītar (passive present second-person singular)
audītor (passive present singular third-person)
audammor (first-person passive plural present)
audadwe (passive plural present second-person)
audentor (passive plural present third-person)
audūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
audetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
audetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
audommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
audedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
audontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
audonts (nominative singular)
audonte (dual nominative)
audontes (nominative plural)
audonts (singular vocative)
audonte (dual vocative)
audontes (plural vocative)
audontam (accusative singular)
audonte (accusative dual)
audontans (accusative plural)
audantos (genitive singular)
audantom (genitive plural)
audantei (dative singular)
audantbom (dative dual)
audantbos (dative plural)
audantī? (instrumental singular)
audantbim (dual instrumental)
audantbis (instrumental plural)
audantī (nominative singular)
audantī (dual nominative)
audantiyās (nominative plural)
audantī (singular vocative)
audantī (dual vocative)
audantiyās (plural vocative)
audantīm (accusative singular)
audantī (accusative dual)
audantiyans (accusative plural)
audantyās (genitive singular)
audantyom (genitive plural)
audantyāi (dative singular)
audantyābom (dative dual)
audantyābos (dative plural)
audantyābim (dual instrumental)
audantyābis (instrumental plural)
audont (nominative singular)
audonta (nominative plural)
audont (singular vocative)
audonta (plural vocative)
audont (accusative singular)
audonta (accusative plural)
audatos (nominative singular)
audatou (dual nominative)
audatoi (nominative plural)
audate (singular vocative)
audatou (dual vocative)
audatoi (plural vocative)
audatom (accusative singular)
audatou (accusative dual)
audatons (accusative plural)
audatī (genitive singular)
audatous (dual genitive)
audatom (genitive plural)
audatūi (dative singular)
audatobom (dative dual)
audatobos (dative plural)
audatū (instrumental singular)
audatobim (dual instrumental)
audatobis (instrumental plural)
audatā (nominative singular)
audatai (dual nominative)
audatās (nominative plural)
audatā (singular vocative)
audatai (dual vocative)
audatās (plural vocative)
audatam (accusative singular)
audatai (accusative dual)
audatans (accusative plural)
audatās (genitive singular)
audatai (dative singular)
audatābom (dative dual)
audatābos (dative plural)
audatābim (dual instrumental)
audatābis (instrumental plural)
audatom (nominative singular)
audatā (nominative plural)
audatom (singular vocative)
audatā (plural vocative)
audatā (accusative plural)

Old Irish: oidid (“to lend”)

desc

Celtiberian: audintum (pres. part. gen. pl.), auzeti (3sg. subj.), auz (3sg. aorist), auzares (3pl. preterite), auzanto (3pl. aorist passive)

From *au- (“off, away”) + *didīti (“to put, place”).


ɸaltu-

ɸaltu- gender unattested (canonical)
ɸaltus (nominative singular)
ɸaltū (dual nominative)
ɸaltowes (nominative plural)
ɸaltu (singular vocative)
ɸaltū (dual vocative)
ɸaltūs (plural vocative)
ɸaltum (accusative singular)
ɸaltū (accusative dual)
ɸaltuns (accusative plural)
ɸaltous (genitive singular)
ɸaltous (dual genitive)
ɸaltowom (genitive plural)
ɸaltou (dative singular)
ɸaltubom (dative dual)
ɸaltubos (dative plural)
ɸaltū (instrumental singular)
ɸaltubim (dual instrumental)
ɸaltubis (instrumental plural)
ɸaltu (nominative singular)
ɸaltū (dual nominative)
ɸaltwā (nominative plural)
ɸaltu (singular vocative)
ɸaltū (dual vocative)
ɸaltwā (plural vocative)
ɸaltu (accusative singular)
ɸaltū (accusative dual)
ɸaltwā (accusative plural)
ɸaltous (genitive singular)
ɸaltous (dual genitive)
ɸaltowom (genitive plural)
ɸaltou (dative singular)
ɸaltubom (dative dual)
ɸaltubos (dative plural)
ɸaltū (instrumental singular)
ɸaltubim (dual instrumental)
ɸaltubis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *alt

Old Breton: alt

⇒ Proto-Brythonic: *köβ̃alt

Middle Breton: couffaut

desc

Cornish: chefals, (Revived spelling) kevals

Old Irish: alt m or n (“joint”)

Middle Irish: alt (“joint”)

Irish: alt

Manx: olt

Scottish Gaelic: alt

Usually related to Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to fold”), but the source of the vowel *a is unclear.


kantabwiyeti

kantabwiyū (active first-person present singular)
kantabwiyemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
kantabibūsū (active first-person future singular)
kantabubuwa (active first-person preterite singular)
kantabwiyesi (active present second-person singular)
kantabwiyetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
kantabibūsesi (active future second-person singular)
kantabubuwas? (active preterite second-person singular)
kantabwiyeti (active present singular third-person)
kantabwiyeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
kantabibūseti (active future singular third-person)
kantabubuwe (active preterite singular third-person)
kantabwiyomosi (active first-person plural present)
kantabwiyemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
kantabibūsomosi (active first-person future plural)
kantabubuwmo (active first-person plural preterite)
kantabwiyetesi (active plural present second-person)
kantabwiyestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
kantabibūsetesi (active future plural second-person)
kantabubuwe (active plural preterite second-person)
kantabwiyonti (active plural present third-person)
kantabwiyento (active imperfect plural third-person)
kantabibūsonti (active future plural third-person)
kantabubuwars (active plural preterite third-person)
kantabuwū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
kantabuwesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
kantabwiye (active imperative second-person singular)
kantabuweti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
kantabwiyetou (active imperative singular third-person)
kantabuwomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
kantabwiyomos (active first-person imperative plural)
kantabuwetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
kantabwiyete (active imperative plural second-person)
kantabuwonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
kantabwiyontou (active imperative plural third-person)
kantabwiyūr (first-person passive present singular)
kantabibūsūr (first-person future passive singular)
kantabubuwra (first-person passive preterite singular)
kantabwiyetar (passive present second-person singular)
kantabibūsetar (future passive second-person singular)
kantabubuwras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
kantabwiyetor (passive present singular third-person)
kantabibūsetor (future passive singular third-person)
kantabubuwre (passive preterite singular third-person)
kantabwiyommor (first-person passive plural present)
kantabibūsommor (first-person future passive plural)
kantabwiyedwe (passive plural present second-person)
kantabibūsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
kantabwiyontor (passive plural present third-person)
kantabibūsontor (future passive plural third-person)
kantabuwūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
kantabuwetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
kantabuwetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
kantabuwommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
kantabuwedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
kantabuwontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
kantabwiyonts (nominative singular)
kantabwiyonte (dual nominative)
kantabwiyontes (nominative plural)
kantabwiyonts (singular vocative)
kantabwiyonte (dual vocative)
kantabwiyontes (plural vocative)
kantabwiyontam (accusative singular)
kantabwiyonte (accusative dual)
kantabwiyontans (accusative plural)
kantabwiyantos (genitive singular)
kantabwiyantom (genitive plural)
kantabwiyantei (dative singular)
kantabwiyantbom (dative dual)
kantabwiyantbos (dative plural)
kantabwiyantī? (instrumental singular)
kantabwiyantbim (dual instrumental)
kantabwiyantbis (instrumental plural)
kantabwiyantī (nominative singular)
kantabwiyantī (dual nominative)
kantabwiyantiyās (nominative plural)
kantabwiyantī (singular vocative)
kantabwiyantī (dual vocative)
kantabwiyantiyās (plural vocative)
kantabwiyantīm (accusative singular)
kantabwiyantī (accusative dual)
kantabwiyantiyans (accusative plural)
kantabwiyantyās (genitive singular)
kantabwiyantyom (genitive plural)
kantabwiyantyāi (dative singular)
kantabwiyantyābom (dative dual)
kantabwiyantyābos (dative plural)
kantabwiyantyābim (dual instrumental)
kantabwiyantyābis (instrumental plural)
kantabwiyont (nominative singular)
kantabwiyonta (nominative plural)
kantabwiyont (singular vocative)
kantabwiyonta (plural vocative)
kantabwiyont (accusative singular)
kantabwiyonta (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *kantβɨð (deuterotonic), *kėntβɨð (prototonic)

Middle Welsh: kanuot

Welsh: canfod

⇒ Proto-Brythonic: *arkėntβɨð (deuterotonic), *ėrkėntβɨð (prototonic)

Old Breton: ercentbidi (2sg. pres.)

Middle Welsh: arganuot

Welsh: arganfod

Old Irish: ceta·bí

From *kanta- (“together”) + *bwiyeti (“to be”).


addamyeti

addamyū (active first-person present singular)
addamyemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
addamyesi (active present second-person singular)
addamyetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
addamyeti (active present singular third-person)
addamyeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
addamyomosi (active first-person plural present)
addamyemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
addamyetesi (active plural present second-person)
addamyestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
addamyonti (active plural present third-person)
addamyento (active imperfect plural third-person)
addamye (active imperative second-person singular)
addamyetou (active imperative singular third-person)
addamyomos (active first-person imperative plural)
addamyete (active imperative plural second-person)
addamyontou (active imperative plural third-person)
addamyūr (first-person passive present singular)
addamyetar (passive present second-person singular)
addamyetor (passive present singular third-person)
addamyommor (first-person passive plural present)
addamyedwe (passive plural present second-person)
addamyontor (passive plural present third-person)
addamyonts (nominative singular)
addamyonte (dual nominative)
addamyontes (nominative plural)
addamyonts (singular vocative)
addamyonte (dual vocative)
addamyontes (plural vocative)
addamyontam (accusative singular)
addamyonte (accusative dual)
addamyontans (accusative plural)
addamyantos (genitive singular)
addamyantom (genitive plural)
addamyantei (dative singular)
addamyantbom (dative dual)
addamyantbos (dative plural)
addamyantī? (instrumental singular)
addamyantbim (dual instrumental)
addamyantbis (instrumental plural)
addamyantī (nominative singular)
addamyantī (dual nominative)
addamyantiyās (nominative plural)
addamyantī (singular vocative)
addamyantī (dual vocative)
addamyantiyās (plural vocative)
addamyantīm (accusative singular)
addamyantī (accusative dual)
addamyantiyans (accusative plural)
addamyantyās (genitive singular)
addamyantyom (genitive plural)
addamyantyāi (dative singular)
addamyantyābom (dative dual)
addamyantyābos (dative plural)
addamyantyābim (dual instrumental)
addamyantyābis (instrumental plural)
addamyont (nominative singular)
addamyonta (nominative plural)
addamyont (singular vocative)
addamyonta (plural vocative)
addamyont (accusative singular)
addamyonta (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *aðdėβ̃

Middle Welsh: adef, addef

Welsh: addef

⇒ Middle Welsh: kyfadef

Welsh: cyfaddef

⇒ Middle Welsh: ymadef

Old Irish: ad·daim
Irish: admhaigh


skeidā

skeidā (nominative singular)
skeidai (dual nominative)
skeidās (nominative plural)
skeidā (singular vocative)
skeidai (dual vocative)
skeidās (plural vocative)
skeidam (accusative singular)
skeidai (accusative dual)
skeidāns (accusative plural)
skeidās (genitive singular)
skeidous (dual genitive)
skeidom (genitive plural)
skeidāi (dative singular)
skeidābom (dative dual)
skeidābos (dative plural)
skeidai (locative singular)
skeidābim (dual instrumental)
skeidābis (instrumental plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *skuɨð

Middle Breton: scoaz

Breton: skoaz

Old Cornish: scuid

Middle Cornish: scoth

Cornish: skoodh

Old Welsh: iscuid

Middle Welsh: ysgwyd

Welsh: ysgwydd

desc

conflated with <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">scíath</i> (“shield”)

Old Irish: scíath (“wing”) (conflated with scíath (“shield”))

Middle Irish: scíath (“wing”)

Scottish Gaelic: sgiath (“wing, fin”)

⇒ Middle Irish: scíathán

Irish: sciathán

Manx: skian

Scottish Gaelic: sgiathan

No etymology assigned by the EDPC. Pokorny suggests a derivation from *skeyd- (“to cut”), which also appears in Latin scindō.


gʷereti

gʷerū (active first-person present singular)
gʷeremam (active first-person imperfect singular)
gʷeram (active first-person preterite singular)
gʷeresi (active present second-person singular)
gʷeretās (active imperfect second-person singular)
gʷers (active preterite second-person singular)
gʷereti (active present singular third-person)
gʷereto (active imperfect singular third-person)
gʷert (active preterite singular third-person)
gʷeromosi (active first-person plural present)
gʷeremo (active first-person imperfect plural)
gʷerme (active first-person plural preterite)
gʷeretesi (active plural present second-person)
gʷerestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
gʷerte (active plural preterite second-person)
gʷeronti (active plural present third-person)
gʷerento (active imperfect plural third-person)
gʷerant (active plural preterite third-person)
gʷerasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
gʷerasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
gʷere (active imperative second-person singular)
gʷeraseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
gʷeretou (active imperative singular third-person)
gʷerasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
gʷeromos (active first-person imperative plural)
gʷerasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
gʷerete (active imperative plural second-person)
gʷerasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
gʷerontou (active imperative plural third-person)
gʷerūr (first-person passive present singular)
gʷeretar (passive present second-person singular)
gʷeretor (passive present singular third-person)
gʷerommor (first-person passive plural present)
gʷeredwe (passive plural present second-person)
gʷerontor (passive plural present third-person)
gʷeranto (passive plural preterite third-person)
gʷerasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
gʷerasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
gʷerasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
gʷerasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
gʷerasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
gʷerasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
gʷeronts (nominative singular)
gʷeronte (dual nominative)
gʷerontes (nominative plural)
gʷeronts (singular vocative)
gʷeronte (dual vocative)
gʷerontes (plural vocative)
gʷerontam (accusative singular)
gʷeronte (accusative dual)
gʷerontans (accusative plural)
gʷerantos (genitive singular)
gʷerantom (genitive plural)
gʷerantei (dative singular)
gʷerantbom (dative dual)
gʷerantbos (dative plural)
gʷerantī? (instrumental singular)
gʷerantbim (dual instrumental)
gʷerantbis (instrumental plural)
gʷerantī (nominative singular)
gʷerantī (dual nominative)
gʷerantiyās (nominative plural)
gʷerantī (singular vocative)
gʷerantī (dual vocative)
gʷerantiyās (plural vocative)
gʷerantīm (accusative singular)
gʷerantī (accusative dual)
gʷerantiyans (accusative plural)
gʷerantyās (genitive singular)
gʷerantyom (genitive plural)
gʷerantyāi (dative singular)
gʷerantyābom (dative dual)
gʷerantyābos (dative plural)
gʷerantyābim (dual instrumental)
gʷerantyābis (instrumental plural)
gʷeront (nominative singular)
gʷeronta (nominative plural)
gʷeront (singular vocative)
gʷeronta (plural vocative)
gʷeront (accusative singular)
gʷeronta (accusative plural)
gʷritos (nominative singular)
gʷritou (dual nominative)
gʷritoi (nominative plural)
gʷrite (singular vocative)
gʷritou (dual vocative)
gʷritoi (plural vocative)
gʷritom (accusative singular)
gʷritou (accusative dual)
gʷritons (accusative plural)
gʷritī (genitive singular)
gʷritous (dual genitive)
gʷritom (genitive plural)
gʷritūi (dative singular)
gʷritobom (dative dual)
gʷritobos (dative plural)
gʷritū (instrumental singular)
gʷritobim (dual instrumental)
gʷritobis (instrumental plural)
gʷritā (nominative singular)
gʷritai (dual nominative)
gʷritās (nominative plural)
gʷritā (singular vocative)
gʷritai (dual vocative)
gʷritās (plural vocative)
gʷritam (accusative singular)
gʷritai (accusative dual)
gʷritans (accusative plural)
gʷritās (genitive singular)
gʷritai (dative singular)
gʷritābom (dative dual)
gʷritābos (dative plural)
gʷritābim (dual instrumental)
gʷritābis (instrumental plural)
gʷritom (nominative singular)
gʷritā (nominative plural)
gʷritom (singular vocative)
gʷritā (plural vocative)
gʷritā (accusative plural)

Middle Irish: gerthiut (3sg. with suffixed pronoun)

Thematic present from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”).


ɸarekriniti

ɸarekrinimi (active first-person present singular)
ɸarekrinimam (active first-person imperfect singular)
ɸarekikrīsū (active first-person future singular)
ɸarekikra (active first-person preterite singular)
ɸarekrinisi (active present second-person singular)
ɸarekrinitās (active imperfect second-person singular)
ɸarekikrīsesi (active future second-person singular)
ɸarekikras? (active preterite second-person singular)
ɸarekriniti (active present singular third-person)
ɸarekrinito (active imperfect singular third-person)
ɸarekikrīseti (active future singular third-person)
ɸarekikre (active preterite singular third-person)
ɸarekrinimosi (active first-person plural present)
ɸarekrinimo (active first-person imperfect plural)
ɸarekikrīsomosi (active first-person future plural)
ɸarekikrmo (active first-person plural preterite)
ɸarekrinitesi (active plural present second-person)
ɸarekrinistē (active imperfect plural second-person)
ɸarekikrīsetesi (active future plural second-person)
ɸarekikre (active plural preterite second-person)
ɸarekrininti (active plural present third-person)
ɸarekrininto (active imperfect plural third-person)
ɸarekikrīsonti (active future plural third-person)
ɸarekikrars (active plural preterite third-person)
ɸarekreyasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
ɸarekreyasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
ɸarekrini (active imperative second-person singular)
ɸarekreyaseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
ɸarekrinitou (active imperative singular third-person)
ɸarekreyasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
ɸarekrinimos (active first-person imperative plural)
ɸarekreyasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
ɸarekrinite (active imperative plural second-person)
ɸarekreyasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
ɸarekrinintou (active imperative plural third-person)
ɸarekrinir (first-person passive present singular)
ɸarekikrīsūr (first-person future passive singular)
ɸarekikrra (first-person passive preterite singular)
ɸarekrinitar (passive present second-person singular)
ɸarekikrīsetar (future passive second-person singular)
ɸarekikrras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
ɸarekrinitor (passive present singular third-person)
ɸarekikrīsetor (future passive singular third-person)
ɸarekikrre (passive preterite singular third-person)
ɸarekrinimmor (first-person passive plural present)
ɸarekikrīsommor (first-person future passive plural)
ɸarekrinidwe (passive plural present second-person)
ɸarekikrīsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
ɸarekrinintor (passive plural present third-person)
ɸarekikrīsontor (future passive plural third-person)
ɸarekreyasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
ɸarekreyasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
ɸarekreyasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
ɸarekreyasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
ɸarekreyasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
ɸarekreyasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
ɸarekrinyonts (nominative singular)
ɸarekrinyonte (dual nominative)
ɸarekrinyontes (nominative plural)
ɸarekrinyonts (singular vocative)
ɸarekrinyonte (dual vocative)
ɸarekrinyontes (plural vocative)
ɸarekrinyontam (accusative singular)
ɸarekrinyonte (accusative dual)
ɸarekrinyontans (accusative plural)
ɸarekrinyantos (genitive singular)
ɸarekrinyantom (genitive plural)
ɸarekrinyantei (dative singular)
ɸarekrinyantbom (dative dual)
ɸarekrinyantbos (dative plural)
ɸarekrinyantī? (instrumental singular)
ɸarekrinyantbim (dual instrumental)
ɸarekrinyantbis (instrumental plural)
ɸarekrinyantī (nominative singular)
ɸarekrinyantī (dual nominative)
ɸarekrinyantiyās (nominative plural)
ɸarekrinyantī (singular vocative)
ɸarekrinyantī (dual vocative)
ɸarekrinyantiyās (plural vocative)
ɸarekrinyantīm (accusative singular)
ɸarekrinyantī (accusative dual)
ɸarekrinyantiyans (accusative plural)
ɸarekrinyantyās (genitive singular)
ɸarekrinyantyom (genitive plural)
ɸarekrinyantyāi (dative singular)
ɸarekrinyantyābom (dative dual)
ɸarekrinyantyābos (dative plural)
ɸarekrinyantyābim (dual instrumental)
ɸarekrinyantyābis (instrumental plural)
ɸarekrinyont (nominative singular)
ɸarekrinyonta (nominative plural)
ɸarekrinyont (singular vocative)
ɸarekrinyonta (plural vocative)
ɸarekrinyont (accusative singular)
ɸarekrinyonta (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *ergrɨn (prototonic)

Middle Welsh: ergrynu

Welsh: ergrynu

desctree

Old Irish: ara·chrin
⇒ Middle Irish: airchranaid, airchraid, airchradaid
Irish: orchraigh

From *ɸare- (before) + *kriniti (“to shake”).


kʷokʷeti

kʷokʷū (active first-person present singular)
kʷokʷemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
kʷokʷesi (active present second-person singular)
kʷokʷetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
kʷokʷeti (active present singular third-person)
kʷokʷeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
kʷokʷomosi (active first-person plural present)
kʷokʷemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
kʷokʷetesi (active plural present second-person)
kʷokʷestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
kʷokʷonti (active plural present third-person)
kʷokʷento (active imperfect plural third-person)
kʷokʷe (active imperative second-person singular)
kʷokʷetou (active imperative singular third-person)
kʷokʷomos (active first-person imperative plural)
kʷokʷete (active imperative plural second-person)
kʷokʷontou (active imperative plural third-person)
kʷokʷūr (first-person passive present singular)
kʷokʷetar (passive present second-person singular)
kʷokʷetor (passive present singular third-person)
kʷokʷommor (first-person passive plural present)
kʷokʷedwe (passive plural present second-person)
kʷokʷontor (passive plural present third-person)
kʷokʷonts (nominative singular)
kʷokʷonte (dual nominative)
kʷokʷontes (nominative plural)
kʷokʷonts (singular vocative)
kʷokʷonte (dual vocative)
kʷokʷontes (plural vocative)
kʷokʷontam (accusative singular)
kʷokʷonte (accusative dual)
kʷokʷontans (accusative plural)
kʷokʷantos (genitive singular)
kʷokʷantom (genitive plural)
kʷokʷantei (dative singular)
kʷokʷantbom (dative dual)
kʷokʷantbos (dative plural)
kʷokʷantī? (instrumental singular)
kʷokʷantbim (dual instrumental)
kʷokʷantbis (instrumental plural)
kʷokʷantī (nominative singular)
kʷokʷantī (dual nominative)
kʷokʷantiyās (nominative plural)
kʷokʷantī (singular vocative)
kʷokʷantī (dual vocative)
kʷokʷantiyās (plural vocative)
kʷokʷantīm (accusative singular)
kʷokʷantī (accusative dual)
kʷokʷantiyans (accusative plural)
kʷokʷantyās (genitive singular)
kʷokʷantyom (genitive plural)
kʷokʷantyāi (dative singular)
kʷokʷantyābom (dative dual)
kʷokʷantyābos (dative plural)
kʷokʷantyābim (dual instrumental)
kʷokʷantyābis (instrumental plural)
kʷokʷont (nominative singular)
kʷokʷonta (nominative plural)
kʷokʷont (singular vocative)
kʷokʷonta (plural vocative)
kʷokʷont (accusative singular)
kʷokʷonta (accusative plural)
kʷoxtos (nominative singular)
kʷoxtou (dual nominative)
kʷoxtoi (nominative plural)
kʷoxte (singular vocative)
kʷoxtou (dual vocative)
kʷoxtoi (plural vocative)
kʷoxtom (accusative singular)
kʷoxtou (accusative dual)
kʷoxtons (accusative plural)
kʷoxtī (genitive singular)
kʷoxtous (dual genitive)
kʷoxtom (genitive plural)
kʷoxtūi (dative singular)
kʷoxtobom (dative dual)
kʷoxtobos (dative plural)
kʷoxtū (instrumental singular)
kʷoxtobim (dual instrumental)
kʷoxtobis (instrumental plural)
kʷoxtā (nominative singular)
kʷoxtai (dual nominative)
kʷoxtās (nominative plural)
kʷoxtā (singular vocative)
kʷoxtai (dual vocative)
kʷoxtās (plural vocative)
kʷoxtam (accusative singular)
kʷoxtai (accusative dual)
kʷoxtans (accusative plural)
kʷoxtās (genitive singular)
kʷoxtai (dative singular)
kʷoxtābom (dative dual)
kʷoxtābos (dative plural)
kʷoxtābim (dual instrumental)
kʷoxtābis (instrumental plural)
kʷoxtom (nominative singular)
kʷoxtā (nominative plural)
kʷoxtom (singular vocative)
kʷoxtā (plural vocative)
kʷoxtā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *pobɨd
Middle Breton: pibi, poba
Breton: pobat
Cornish: pobas
Middle Welsh: poby
Welsh: pobi

From Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti, a thematic present from *pekʷ- (“to cook”). This verb contains an assimilation of *p-kʷ to *kʷ-kʷ followed by a sporadic vowel rounding of *e to o when surrounded by two labiovelars.


Mātronā

Mātronā (nominative singular)
Mātronās (nominative plural)
Mātronā (singular vocative)
Mātronās (plural vocative)
Mātronāns (accusative plural)
Mātronās (genitive singular)
Mātronāi (dative singular)

Proto-Brythonic: *Mọdron

Middle Welsh: Modron

Gaulish: *Mātronā

→ Latin: Mātrona

French: Marne

An augmented derivative of *mātīr (“mother”).


dakrū

Proto-Brythonic: *dėgr

⇒ Old Breton: dacrlon

Middle Breton: dazrou pl

Breton: daer, (Vannetais) dar

Middle Welsh: deigyr

Welsh: deigryn, (archaic) deigr

Old Irish: dér, dǽr (Milan glosses)
Middle Irish: dér f
Irish: deoir
Scottish Gaelic: deur
Manx: jeir

From Proto-Indo-European *dáḱru (“tear”).


atilinati

atilinami (active first-person present singular)
atilinamam (active first-person imperfect singular)
atililīsū (active first-person future singular)
atilila (active first-person preterite singular)
atilinasi (active present second-person singular)
atilinatās (active imperfect second-person singular)
atililīsesi (active future second-person singular)
atililas? (active preterite second-person singular)
atilinati (active present singular third-person)
atilinato (active imperfect singular third-person)
atililīseti (active future singular third-person)
atilile (active preterite singular third-person)
atilinamosi (active first-person plural present)
atilinamo (active first-person imperfect plural)
atililīsomosi (active first-person future plural)
atililmo (active first-person plural preterite)
atilinatesi (active plural present second-person)
atilinastē (active imperfect plural second-person)
atililīsetesi (active future plural second-person)
atilile (active plural preterite second-person)
atilinanti (active plural present third-person)
atilinanto (active imperfect plural third-person)
atililīsonti (active future plural third-person)
atililars (active plural preterite third-person)
atileyasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
atileyasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
atilina (active imperative second-person singular)
atileyaseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
atilinatou (active imperative singular third-person)
atileyasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
atilinamos (active first-person imperative plural)
atileyasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
atilinate (active imperative plural second-person)
atileyasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
atilinantou (active imperative plural third-person)
atilinar (first-person passive present singular)
atililīsūr (first-person future passive singular)
atililra (first-person passive preterite singular)
atilinatar (passive present second-person singular)
atililīsetar (future passive second-person singular)
atililras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
atilinator (passive present singular third-person)
atililīsetor (future passive singular third-person)
atililre (passive preterite singular third-person)
atilinammor (first-person passive plural present)
atililīsommor (first-person future passive plural)
atilinadwe (passive plural present second-person)
atililīsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
atilinantor (passive plural present third-person)
atililīsontor (future passive plural third-person)
atileyasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
atileyasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
atileyasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
atileyasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
atileyasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
atileyasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
atilinants (nominative singular)
atilinante (dual nominative)
atilinantes (nominative plural)
atilinants (singular vocative)
atilinante (dual vocative)
atilinantes (plural vocative)
atilinantam (accusative singular)
atilinante (accusative dual)
atilinantans (accusative plural)
atilinantos (genitive singular)
atilinantom (genitive plural)
atilinantei (dative singular)
atilinantbom (dative dual)
atilinantbos (dative plural)
atilinantī? (instrumental singular)
atilinantbim (dual instrumental)
atilinantbis (instrumental plural)
atilinantī (nominative singular)
atilinantī (dual nominative)
atilinantiyās (nominative plural)
atilinantī (singular vocative)
atilinantī (dual vocative)
atilinantiyās (plural vocative)
atilinantīm (accusative singular)
atilinantī (accusative dual)
atilinantiyans (accusative plural)
atilinantyās (genitive singular)
atilinantyom (genitive plural)
atilinantyāi (dative singular)
atilinantyābom (dative dual)
atilinantyābos (dative plural)
atilinantyābim (dual instrumental)
atilinantyābis (instrumental plural)
atilinant (nominative singular)
atilinanta (nominative plural)
atilinant (singular vocative)
atilinanta (plural vocative)
atilinant (accusative singular)
atilinanta (accusative plural)
atilītos (nominative singular)
atilītou (dual nominative)
atilītoi (nominative plural)
atilīte (singular vocative)
atilītou (dual vocative)
atilītoi (plural vocative)
atilītom (accusative singular)
atilītou (accusative dual)
atilītons (accusative plural)
atilītī (genitive singular)
atilītous (dual genitive)
atilītom (genitive plural)
atilītūi (dative singular)
atilītobom (dative dual)
atilītobos (dative plural)
atilītū (instrumental singular)
atilītobim (dual instrumental)
atilītobis (instrumental plural)
atilītā (nominative singular)
atilītai (dual nominative)
atilītās (nominative plural)
atilītā (singular vocative)
atilītai (dual vocative)
atilītās (plural vocative)
atilītam (accusative singular)
atilītai (accusative dual)
atilītans (accusative plural)
atilītās (genitive singular)
atilītai (dative singular)
atilītābom (dative dual)
atilītābos (dative plural)
atilītābim (dual instrumental)
atilītābis (instrumental plural)
atilītom (nominative singular)
atilītā (nominative plural)
atilītom (singular vocative)
atilītā (plural vocative)
atilītā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic:

desc

Middle Welsh: edlynu (“to smear, befoul”)

Welsh: edlynu

Old Irish: ad·len (“to follow”)

From *ati- (“re-”) + *linati (“to stick, adhere, cling”).