tungeti

tungū (active first-person present singular)
tungemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
tituxsū (active first-person future singular)
tetoka (active first-person preterite singular)
tungesi (active present second-person singular)
tungetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
tituxsesi (active future second-person singular)
tetokas? (active preterite second-person singular)
tungeti (active present singular third-person)
tungeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
tituxseti (active future singular third-person)
tetoke (active preterite singular third-person)
tungomosi (active first-person plural present)
tungemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
tituxsomosi (active first-person future plural)
tetokmo (active first-person plural preterite)
tungetesi (active plural present second-person)
tungestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
tituxsetesi (active future plural second-person)
tetoxte (active plural preterite second-person)
tungonti (active plural present third-person)
tungento (active imperfect plural third-person)
tituxsonti (active future plural third-person)
tetokars (active plural preterite third-person)
touxsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
touxsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
tunge (active imperative second-person singular)
touxseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
tungetou (active imperative singular third-person)
touxsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
tungomos (active first-person imperative plural)
touxsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
tungete (active imperative plural second-person)
touxsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
tungontou (active imperative plural third-person)
tungūr (first-person passive present singular)
tituxsūr (first-person future passive singular)
tetokra (first-person passive preterite singular)
tungetar (passive present second-person singular)
tituxsetar (future passive second-person singular)
tetokras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
tungetor (passive present singular third-person)
tituxsetor (future passive singular third-person)
tetokre (passive preterite singular third-person)
tungommor (first-person passive plural present)
tituxsommor (first-person future passive plural)
tungedwe (passive plural present second-person)
tituxsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
tungontor (passive plural present third-person)
tituxsontor (future passive plural third-person)
touxsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
touxsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
touxsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
touxsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
touxsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
touxsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
tungonts (nominative singular)
tungonte (dual nominative)
tungontes (nominative plural)
tungonts (singular vocative)
tungonte (dual vocative)
tungontes (plural vocative)
tungontam (accusative singular)
tungonte (accusative dual)
tungontans (accusative plural)
tungantos (genitive singular)
tungantom (genitive plural)
tungantei (dative singular)
tungantbom (dative dual)
tungantbos (dative plural)
tungantī? (instrumental singular)
tungantbim (dual instrumental)
tungantbis (instrumental plural)
tungantī (nominative singular)
tungantī (dual nominative)
tungantiyās (nominative plural)
tungantī (singular vocative)
tungantī (dual vocative)
tungantiyās (plural vocative)
tungantīm (accusative singular)
tungantī (accusative dual)
tungantiyans (accusative plural)
tungantyās (genitive singular)
tungantyom (genitive plural)
tungantyāi (dative singular)
tungantyābom (dative dual)
tungantyābos (dative plural)
tungantyābim (dual instrumental)
tungantyābis (instrumental plural)
tungont (nominative singular)
tungonta (nominative plural)
tungont (singular vocative)
tungonta (plural vocative)
tungont (accusative singular)
tungonta (accusative plural)
tuxtos (nominative singular)
tuxtou (dual nominative)
tuxtoi (nominative plural)
tuxte (singular vocative)
tuxtou (dual vocative)
tuxtoi (plural vocative)
tuxtom (accusative singular)
tuxtou (accusative dual)
tuxtons (accusative plural)
tuxtī (genitive singular)
tuxtous (dual genitive)
tuxtom (genitive plural)
tuxtūi (dative singular)
tuxtobom (dative dual)
tuxtobos (dative plural)
tuxtū (instrumental singular)
tuxtobim (dual instrumental)
tuxtobis (instrumental plural)
tuxtā (nominative singular)
tuxtai (dual nominative)
tuxtās (nominative plural)
tuxtā (singular vocative)
tuxtai (dual vocative)
tuxtās (plural vocative)
tuxtam (accusative singular)
tuxtai (accusative dual)
tuxtans (accusative plural)
tuxtās (genitive singular)
tuxtai (dative singular)
tuxtābom (dative dual)
tuxtābos (dative plural)
tuxtābim (dual instrumental)
tuxtābis (instrumental plural)
tuxtom (nominative singular)
tuxtā (nominative plural)
tuxtom (singular vocative)
tuxtā (plural vocative)
tuxtā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic:

Middle Breton: toeaff, touet

Breton: touiñ

Cornish: tia

Middle Welsh: tyngu

Welsh: tyngu

Old Irish: tongaid

>? Gaulish: toncsiiontio (3p.fut.rel.)

A verb infamous for its complicated origin. There are two major theories on its origin:
* A modern theory derives the verb from a suppletive conflation of a nasal-infix present *lungeti from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lewgʰ- (“to announce”) and a preterite derived from *tek- (“to reach out, receive with one's hands”). The initial t- outside the present would thus come from analogy with the preterite. This theory dismisses a connection with Gaulish toncsiiontio.
* An older, more traditional theory supposed descent from Proto-Indo-European *th₂négti (“to touch, grasp; to take”), ne-infixed verb from the root *teh₂g- (“to touch; to take”), with semantic divergence (i.e. to “take (an oath)”); compare Latin tangō (“(I) touch”), especially in the figurative meanings “affect; enchant”, Proto-Germanic *þakkōną (“to touch lightly”) and Ancient Greek τεταγών (tetagṓn, “having seized”, ptcp.). The o-grade in Old Irish however would be unexplained.

cog

fristoing

*writ-tungeti (“to counter-swear”); Old Irish


ɸalnati

ɸalnāmi (active first-person present singular)
ɸalnamam (active first-person imperfect singular)
ɸiblāsū (active first-person future singular)
ɸalnāsi (active present second-person singular)
ɸalnatās (active imperfect second-person singular)
ɸiblāsesi (active future second-person singular)
ɸalnāti (active present singular third-person)
ɸalnato (active imperfect singular third-person)
ɸiblāseti (active future singular third-person)
ɸalnamosi (active first-person plural present)
ɸalnamo (active first-person imperfect plural)
ɸiblāsomosi (active first-person future plural)
ɸalnatesi (active plural present second-person)
ɸalnastē (active imperfect plural second-person)
ɸiblāsetesi (active future plural second-person)
ɸalnanti (active plural present third-person)
ɸalnanto (active imperfect plural third-person)
ɸiblāsonti (active future plural third-person)
ɸelū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
ɸelesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
ɸalnā (active imperative second-person singular)
ɸeleti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
ɸalnātou (active imperative singular third-person)
ɸelomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
ɸalnamos (active first-person imperative plural)
ɸeletesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
ɸalnate (active imperative plural second-person)
ɸelonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
ɸalnantou (active imperative plural third-person)
ɸalnār (first-person passive present singular)
ɸiblāsūr (first-person future passive singular)
ɸalnātar (passive present second-person singular)
ɸiblāsetar (future passive second-person singular)
ɸalnātor (passive present singular third-person)
ɸiblāsetor (future passive singular third-person)
ɸalnammor (first-person passive plural present)
ɸiblāsommor (first-person future passive plural)
ɸalnadwe (passive plural present second-person)
ɸiblāsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
ɸalnantor (passive plural present third-person)
ɸiblāsontor (future passive plural third-person)
ɸelūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
ɸeletar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
ɸeletor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
ɸelommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
ɸeledwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
ɸelontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
ɸalnonts (nominative singular)
ɸalnonte (dual nominative)
ɸalnontes (nominative plural)
ɸalnonts (singular vocative)
ɸalnonte (dual vocative)
ɸalnontes (plural vocative)
ɸalnontam (accusative singular)
ɸalnonte (accusative dual)
ɸalnontans (accusative plural)
ɸalnantos (genitive singular)
ɸalnantom (genitive plural)
ɸalnantei (dative singular)
ɸalnantbom (dative dual)
ɸalnantbos (dative plural)
ɸalnantī? (instrumental singular)
ɸalnantbim (dual instrumental)
ɸalnantbis (instrumental plural)
ɸalnantī (nominative singular)
ɸalnantī (dual nominative)
ɸalnantiyās (nominative plural)
ɸalnantī (singular vocative)
ɸalnantī (dual vocative)
ɸalnantiyās (plural vocative)
ɸalnantīm (accusative singular)
ɸalnantī (accusative dual)
ɸalnantiyans (accusative plural)
ɸalnantyās (genitive singular)
ɸalnantyom (genitive plural)
ɸalnantyāi (dative singular)
ɸalnantyābom (dative dual)
ɸalnantyābos (dative plural)
ɸalnantyābim (dual instrumental)
ɸalnantyābis (instrumental plural)
ɸalnont (nominative singular)
ɸalnonta (nominative plural)
ɸalnont (singular vocative)
ɸalnonta (plural vocative)
ɸalnont (accusative singular)
ɸalnonta (accusative plural)
ɸlatos (nominative singular)
ɸlatou (dual nominative)
ɸlatoi (nominative plural)
ɸlate (singular vocative)
ɸlatou (dual vocative)
ɸlatoi (plural vocative)
ɸlatom (accusative singular)
ɸlatou (accusative dual)
ɸlatons (accusative plural)
ɸlatī (genitive singular)
ɸlatous (dual genitive)
ɸlatom (genitive plural)
ɸlatūi (dative singular)
ɸlatobom (dative dual)
ɸlatobos (dative plural)
ɸlatū (instrumental singular)
ɸlatobim (dual instrumental)
ɸlatobis (instrumental plural)
ɸlatā (nominative singular)
ɸlatai (dual nominative)
ɸlatās (nominative plural)
ɸlatā (singular vocative)
ɸlatai (dual vocative)
ɸlatās (plural vocative)
ɸlatam (accusative singular)
ɸlatai (accusative dual)
ɸlatans (accusative plural)
ɸlatās (genitive singular)
ɸlatai (dative singular)
ɸlatābom (dative dual)
ɸlatābos (dative plural)
ɸlatābim (dual instrumental)
ɸlatābis (instrumental plural)
ɸlatom (nominative singular)
ɸlatā (nominative plural)
ɸlatom (singular vocative)
ɸlatā (plural vocative)
ɸlatā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic:

q

among other inflected forms of <i class="Latn mention" lang="kw">mos</i> (“to go”)

Cornish: ylliv (among other inflected forms of mos (“to go”))

among other literary inflected forms of <i class="Latn mention" lang="cy">mynd</i> (“to go”)

Welsh: elwyf (among other literary inflected forms of mynd (“to go”))

Old Irish: ·ella (lost outside of compounds)

From a nasal-infix present *pl̥néh₂ti ~ pl̥nh₂énti, from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to approach”). Cognate with Latin pellō (“to drive”).


slunketi

slunkū (active first-person present singular)
slunkemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
sisluxsū (active first-person future singular)
suslouka (active first-person preterite singular)
slunkesi (active present second-person singular)
slunketās (active imperfect second-person singular)
sisluxsesi (active future second-person singular)
susloukas? (active preterite second-person singular)
slunketi (active present singular third-person)
slunketo (active imperfect singular third-person)
sisluxseti (active future singular third-person)
suslouke (active preterite singular third-person)
slunkomosi (active first-person plural present)
slunkemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
sisluxsomosi (active first-person future plural)
susloukmo (active first-person plural preterite)
slunketesi (active plural present second-person)
slunkestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
sisluxsetesi (active future plural second-person)
suslouxte (active plural preterite second-person)
slunkonti (active plural present third-person)
slunkento (active imperfect plural third-person)
sisluxsonti (active future plural third-person)
susloukars (active plural preterite third-person)
slouxsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
slouxsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
slunke (active imperative second-person singular)
slouxseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
slunketou (active imperative singular third-person)
slouxsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
slunkomos (active first-person imperative plural)
slouxsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
slunkete (active imperative plural second-person)
slouxsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
slunkontou (active imperative plural third-person)
slunkūr (first-person passive present singular)
sisluxsūr (first-person future passive singular)
susloukra (first-person passive preterite singular)
slunketar (passive present second-person singular)
sisluxsetar (future passive second-person singular)
susloukras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
slunketor (passive present singular third-person)
sisluxsetor (future passive singular third-person)
susloukre (passive preterite singular third-person)
slunkommor (first-person passive plural present)
sisluxsommor (first-person future passive plural)
slunkedwe (passive plural present second-person)
sisluxsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
slunkontor (passive plural present third-person)
sisluxsontor (future passive plural third-person)
slouxsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
slouxsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
slouxsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
slouxsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
slouxsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
slouxsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
slunkonts (nominative singular)
slunkonte (dual nominative)
slunkontes (nominative plural)
slunkonts (singular vocative)
slunkonte (dual vocative)
slunkontes (plural vocative)
slunkontam (accusative singular)
slunkonte (accusative dual)
slunkontans (accusative plural)
slunkantos (genitive singular)
slunkantom (genitive plural)
slunkantei (dative singular)
slunkantbom (dative dual)
slunkantbos (dative plural)
slunkantī? (instrumental singular)
slunkantbim (dual instrumental)
slunkantbis (instrumental plural)
slunkantī (nominative singular)
slunkantī (dual nominative)
slunkantiyās (nominative plural)
slunkantī (singular vocative)
slunkantī (dual vocative)
slunkantiyās (plural vocative)
slunkantīm (accusative singular)
slunkantī (accusative dual)
slunkantiyans (accusative plural)
slunkantyās (genitive singular)
slunkantyom (genitive plural)
slunkantyāi (dative singular)
slunkantyābom (dative dual)
slunkantyābos (dative plural)
slunkantyābim (dual instrumental)
slunkantyābis (instrumental plural)
slunkont (nominative singular)
slunkonta (nominative plural)
slunkont (singular vocative)
slunkonta (plural vocative)
slunkont (accusative singular)
slunkonta (accusative plural)
sluxtos (nominative singular)
sluxtou (dual nominative)
sluxtoi (nominative plural)
sluxte (singular vocative)
sluxtou (dual vocative)
sluxtoi (plural vocative)
sluxtom (accusative singular)
sluxtou (accusative dual)
sluxtons (accusative plural)
sluxtī (genitive singular)
sluxtous (dual genitive)
sluxtom (genitive plural)
sluxtūi (dative singular)
sluxtobom (dative dual)
sluxtobos (dative plural)
sluxtū (instrumental singular)
sluxtobim (dual instrumental)
sluxtobis (instrumental plural)
sluxtā (nominative singular)
sluxtai (dual nominative)
sluxtās (nominative plural)
sluxtā (singular vocative)
sluxtai (dual vocative)
sluxtās (plural vocative)
sluxtam (accusative singular)
sluxtai (accusative dual)
sluxtans (accusative plural)
sluxtās (genitive singular)
sluxtai (dative singular)
sluxtābom (dative dual)
sluxtābos (dative plural)
sluxtābim (dual instrumental)
sluxtābis (instrumental plural)
sluxtom (nominative singular)
sluxtā (nominative plural)
sluxtom (singular vocative)
sluxtā (plural vocative)
sluxtā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *llunk

Old Breton: ro-luncas

Breton: louncaff

Middle Welsh: llyncu

Welsh: llyncu

desctree

Old Irish: sluicid
Irish: slog, sloig
→ Yola: slug

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)lewg- *(s)lewk-, see also Dutch slokken, German schlucken, Ancient Greek λύζω (lúzō).


suweti

suwū (active first-person present singular)
suwemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
sisūsū (active first-person future singular)
sesowa (active first-person preterite singular)
suwesi (active present second-person singular)
suwetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
sisūsesi (active future second-person singular)
sesowas? (active preterite second-person singular)
suweti (active present singular third-person)
suweto (active imperfect singular third-person)
sisūseti (active future singular third-person)
sesowe (active preterite singular third-person)
suwomosi (active first-person plural present)
suwemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
sisūsomosi (active first-person future plural)
sesowmo (active first-person plural preterite)
suwetesi (active plural present second-person)
suwestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
sisūsetesi (active future plural second-person)
sesowe (active plural preterite second-person)
suwonti (active plural present third-person)
suwento (active imperfect plural third-person)
sisūsonti (active future plural third-person)
sesowars (active plural preterite third-person)
sowasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
sowasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
suwe (active imperative second-person singular)
sowaseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
suwetou (active imperative singular third-person)
sowasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
suwomos (active first-person imperative plural)
sowasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
suwete (active imperative plural second-person)
sowasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
suwontou (active imperative plural third-person)
suwūr (first-person passive present singular)
sisūsūr (first-person future passive singular)
sesowra (first-person passive preterite singular)
suwetar (passive present second-person singular)
sisūsetar (future passive second-person singular)
sesowras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
suwetor (passive present singular third-person)
sisūsetor (future passive singular third-person)
sesowre (passive preterite singular third-person)
suwommor (first-person passive plural present)
sisūsommor (first-person future passive plural)
suwedwe (passive plural present second-person)
sisūsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
suwontor (passive plural present third-person)
sisūsontor (future passive plural third-person)
sowasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
sowasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
sowasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
sowasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
sowasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
sowasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
suwonts (nominative singular)
suwonte (dual nominative)
suwontes (nominative plural)
suwonts (singular vocative)
suwonte (dual vocative)
suwontes (plural vocative)
suwontam (accusative singular)
suwonte (accusative dual)
suwontans (accusative plural)
suwantos (genitive singular)
suwantom (genitive plural)
suwantei (dative singular)
suwantbom (dative dual)
suwantbos (dative plural)
suwantī? (instrumental singular)
suwantbim (dual instrumental)
suwantbis (instrumental plural)
suwantī (nominative singular)
suwantī (dual nominative)
suwantiyās (nominative plural)
suwantī (singular vocative)
suwantī (dual vocative)
suwantiyās (plural vocative)
suwantīm (accusative singular)
suwantī (accusative dual)
suwantiyans (accusative plural)
suwantyās (genitive singular)
suwantyom (genitive plural)
suwantyāi (dative singular)
suwantyābom (dative dual)
suwantyābos (dative plural)
suwantyābim (dual instrumental)
suwantyābis (instrumental plural)
suwont (nominative singular)
suwonta (nominative plural)
suwont (singular vocative)
suwonta (plural vocative)
suwont (accusative singular)
suwonta (accusative plural)
sūtos (nominative singular)
sūtou (dual nominative)
sūtoi (nominative plural)
sūte (singular vocative)
sūtou (dual vocative)
sūtoi (plural vocative)
sūtom (accusative singular)
sūtou (accusative dual)
sūtons (accusative plural)
sūtī (genitive singular)
sūtous (dual genitive)
sūtom (genitive plural)
sūtūi (dative singular)
sūtobom (dative dual)
sūtobos (dative plural)
sūtū (instrumental singular)
sūtobim (dual instrumental)
sūtobis (instrumental plural)
sūtā (nominative singular)
sūtai (dual nominative)
sūtās (nominative plural)
sūtā (singular vocative)
sūtai (dual vocative)
sūtās (plural vocative)
sūtam (accusative singular)
sūtai (accusative dual)
sūtans (accusative plural)
sūtās (genitive singular)
sūtai (dative singular)
sūtābom (dative dual)
sūtābos (dative plural)
sūtābim (dual instrumental)
sūtābis (instrumental plural)
sūtom (nominative singular)
sūtā (nominative plural)
sūtom (singular vocative)
sūtā (plural vocative)
sūtā (accusative plural)

Old Irish: soïd
Irish: sóigh

From Proto-Indo-European *sewh₁-. Cognate to Sanskrit सुवति (suvati).


adkʷiseti

adkʷisū (active first-person present singular)
adkʷisemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
adkʷikʷisū (active first-person future singular)
adkʷikʷoisa (active first-person preterite singular)
adkʷisesi (active present second-person singular)
adkʷisetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
adkʷikʷisesi (active future second-person singular)
adkʷikʷoisas? (active preterite second-person singular)
adkʷiseti (active present singular third-person)
adkʷiseto (active imperfect singular third-person)
adkʷikʷiseti (active future singular third-person)
adkʷikʷoise (active preterite singular third-person)
adkʷisomosi (active first-person plural present)
adkʷisemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
adkʷikʷisomosi (active first-person future plural)
adkʷikʷoismo (active first-person plural preterite)
adkʷisetesi (active plural present second-person)
adkʷisestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
adkʷikʷisetesi (active future plural second-person)
adkʷikʷoise (active plural preterite second-person)
adkʷisonti (active plural present third-person)
adkʷisento (active imperfect plural third-person)
adkʷikʷisonti (active future plural third-person)
adkʷikʷoisars (active plural preterite third-person)
adkʷeissū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
adkʷeissesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
adkʷise (active imperative second-person singular)
adkʷeisseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
adkʷisetou (active imperative singular third-person)
adkʷeissomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
adkʷisomos (active first-person imperative plural)
adkʷeissetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
adkʷisete (active imperative plural second-person)
adkʷeissonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
adkʷisontou (active imperative plural third-person)
adkʷisūr (first-person passive present singular)
adkʷikʷisūr (first-person future passive singular)
adkʷikʷoisra (first-person passive preterite singular)
adkʷisetar (passive present second-person singular)
adkʷikʷisetar (future passive second-person singular)
adkʷikʷoisras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
adkʷisetor (passive present singular third-person)
adkʷikʷisetor (future passive singular third-person)
adkʷikʷoisre (passive preterite singular third-person)
adkʷisommor (first-person passive plural present)
adkʷikʷisommor (first-person future passive plural)
adkʷisedwe (passive plural present second-person)
adkʷikʷisedwe (future passive plural second-person)
adkʷisontor (passive plural present third-person)
adkʷikʷisontor (future passive plural third-person)
adkʷeissūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
adkʷeissetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
adkʷeissetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
adkʷeissommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
adkʷeissedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
adkʷeissontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
adkʷisonts (nominative singular)
adkʷisonte (dual nominative)
adkʷisontes (nominative plural)
adkʷisonts (singular vocative)
adkʷisonte (dual vocative)
adkʷisontes (plural vocative)
adkʷisontam (accusative singular)
adkʷisonte (accusative dual)
adkʷisontans (accusative plural)
adkʷisantos (genitive singular)
adkʷisantom (genitive plural)
adkʷisantei (dative singular)
adkʷisantbom (dative dual)
adkʷisantbos (dative plural)
adkʷisantī? (instrumental singular)
adkʷisantbim (dual instrumental)
adkʷisantbis (instrumental plural)
adkʷisantī (nominative singular)
adkʷisantī (dual nominative)
adkʷisantiyās (nominative plural)
adkʷisantī (singular vocative)
adkʷisantī (dual vocative)
adkʷisantiyās (plural vocative)
adkʷisantīm (accusative singular)
adkʷisantī (accusative dual)
adkʷisantiyans (accusative plural)
adkʷisantyās (genitive singular)
adkʷisantyom (genitive plural)
adkʷisantyāi (dative singular)
adkʷisantyābom (dative dual)
adkʷisantyābos (dative plural)
adkʷisantyābim (dual instrumental)
adkʷisantyābis (instrumental plural)
adkʷisont (nominative singular)
adkʷisonta (nominative plural)
adkʷisont (singular vocative)
adkʷisonta (plural vocative)
adkʷisont (accusative singular)
adkʷisonta (accusative plural)
adkʷistos (nominative singular)
adkʷistou (dual nominative)
adkʷistoi (nominative plural)
adkʷiste (singular vocative)
adkʷistou (dual vocative)
adkʷistoi (plural vocative)
adkʷistom (accusative singular)
adkʷistou (accusative dual)
adkʷistons (accusative plural)
adkʷistī (genitive singular)
adkʷistous (dual genitive)
adkʷistom (genitive plural)
adkʷistūi (dative singular)
adkʷistobom (dative dual)
adkʷistobos (dative plural)
adkʷistū (instrumental singular)
adkʷistobim (dual instrumental)
adkʷistobis (instrumental plural)
adkʷistā (nominative singular)
adkʷistai (dual nominative)
adkʷistās (nominative plural)
adkʷistā (singular vocative)
adkʷistai (dual vocative)
adkʷistās (plural vocative)
adkʷistam (accusative singular)
adkʷistai (accusative dual)
adkʷistans (accusative plural)
adkʷistās (genitive singular)
adkʷistai (dative singular)
adkʷistābom (dative dual)
adkʷistābos (dative plural)
adkʷistābim (dual instrumental)
adkʷistābis (instrumental plural)
adkʷistom (nominative singular)
adkʷistā (nominative plural)
adkʷistom (singular vocative)
adkʷistā (plural vocative)
adkʷistā (accusative plural)

Old Irish: ad·cí, ad·cíi
Irish: feic, chí
Manx: faik
Scottish Gaelic: faic, chì

Gaulish: appisetu (3sg. imperative)


kʷiseti

kʷisū (active first-person present singular)
kʷisemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
kʷikʷisū (active first-person future singular)
kʷikʷoisa (active first-person preterite singular)
kʷisesi (active present second-person singular)
kʷisetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
kʷikʷisesi (active future second-person singular)
kʷikʷoisas? (active preterite second-person singular)
kʷiseti (active present singular third-person)
kʷiseto (active imperfect singular third-person)
kʷikʷiseti (active future singular third-person)
kʷikʷoise (active preterite singular third-person)
kʷisomosi (active first-person plural present)
kʷisemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
kʷikʷisomosi (active first-person future plural)
kʷikʷoismo (active first-person plural preterite)
kʷisetesi (active plural present second-person)
kʷisestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
kʷikʷisetesi (active future plural second-person)
kʷikʷoise (active plural preterite second-person)
kʷisonti (active plural present third-person)
kʷisento (active imperfect plural third-person)
kʷikʷisonti (active future plural third-person)
kʷikʷoisars (active plural preterite third-person)
kʷeissū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
kʷeissesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
kʷise (active imperative second-person singular)
kʷeisseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
kʷisetou (active imperative singular third-person)
kʷeissomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
kʷisomos (active first-person imperative plural)
kʷeissetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
kʷisete (active imperative plural second-person)
kʷeissonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
kʷisontou (active imperative plural third-person)
kʷisūr (first-person passive present singular)
kʷikʷisūr (first-person future passive singular)
kʷikʷoisra (first-person passive preterite singular)
kʷisetar (passive present second-person singular)
kʷikʷisetar (future passive second-person singular)
kʷikʷoisras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
kʷisetor (passive present singular third-person)
kʷikʷisetor (future passive singular third-person)
kʷikʷoisre (passive preterite singular third-person)
kʷisommor (first-person passive plural present)
kʷikʷisommor (first-person future passive plural)
kʷisedwe (passive plural present second-person)
kʷikʷisedwe (future passive plural second-person)
kʷisontor (passive plural present third-person)
kʷikʷisontor (future passive plural third-person)
kʷeissūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
kʷeissetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
kʷeissetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
kʷeissommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
kʷeissedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
kʷeissontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
kʷisonts (nominative singular)
kʷisonte (dual nominative)
kʷisontes (nominative plural)
kʷisonts (singular vocative)
kʷisonte (dual vocative)
kʷisontes (plural vocative)
kʷisontam (accusative singular)
kʷisonte (accusative dual)
kʷisontans (accusative plural)
kʷisantos (genitive singular)
kʷisantom (genitive plural)
kʷisantei (dative singular)
kʷisantbom (dative dual)
kʷisantbos (dative plural)
kʷisantī? (instrumental singular)
kʷisantbim (dual instrumental)
kʷisantbis (instrumental plural)
kʷisantī (nominative singular)
kʷisantī (dual nominative)
kʷisantiyās (nominative plural)
kʷisantī (singular vocative)
kʷisantī (dual vocative)
kʷisantiyās (plural vocative)
kʷisantīm (accusative singular)
kʷisantī (accusative dual)
kʷisantiyans (accusative plural)
kʷisantyās (genitive singular)
kʷisantyom (genitive plural)
kʷisantyāi (dative singular)
kʷisantyābom (dative dual)
kʷisantyābos (dative plural)
kʷisantyābim (dual instrumental)
kʷisantyābis (instrumental plural)
kʷisont (nominative singular)
kʷisonta (nominative plural)
kʷisont (singular vocative)
kʷisonta (plural vocative)
kʷisont (accusative singular)
kʷisonta (accusative plural)
kʷistos (nominative singular)
kʷistou (dual nominative)
kʷistoi (nominative plural)
kʷiste (singular vocative)
kʷistou (dual vocative)
kʷistoi (plural vocative)
kʷistom (accusative singular)
kʷistou (accusative dual)
kʷistons (accusative plural)
kʷistī (genitive singular)
kʷistous (dual genitive)
kʷistom (genitive plural)
kʷistūi (dative singular)
kʷistobom (dative dual)
kʷistobos (dative plural)
kʷistū (instrumental singular)
kʷistobim (dual instrumental)
kʷistobis (instrumental plural)
kʷistā (nominative singular)
kʷistai (dual nominative)
kʷistās (nominative plural)
kʷistā (singular vocative)
kʷistai (dual vocative)
kʷistās (plural vocative)
kʷistam (accusative singular)
kʷistai (accusative dual)
kʷistans (accusative plural)
kʷistās (genitive singular)
kʷistai (dative singular)
kʷistābom (dative dual)
kʷistābos (dative plural)
kʷistābim (dual instrumental)
kʷistābis (instrumental plural)
kʷistom (nominative singular)
kʷistā (nominative plural)
kʷistom (singular vocative)
kʷistā (plural vocative)
kʷistā (accusative plural)

Gaulish: pissiumi (1sg. future)


medyetor

medyūr (first-person passive present singular)
medyetar (passive present second-person singular)
medyetor (passive present singular third-person)
medyommor (first-person passive plural present)
medyedwe (passive plural present second-person)
medyontor (passive plural present third-person)
medyonts (nominative singular)
medyonte (dual nominative)
medyontes (nominative plural)
medyonts (singular vocative)
medyonte (dual vocative)
medyontes (plural vocative)
medyontam (accusative singular)
medyonte (accusative dual)
medyontans (accusative plural)
medyantos (genitive singular)
medyantom (genitive plural)
medyantei (dative singular)
medyantbom (dative dual)
medyantbos (dative plural)
medyantī? (instrumental singular)
medyantbim (dual instrumental)
medyantbis (instrumental plural)
medyantī (nominative singular)
medyantī (dual nominative)
medyantiyās (nominative plural)
medyantī (singular vocative)
medyantī (dual vocative)
medyantiyās (plural vocative)
medyantīm (accusative singular)
medyantī (accusative dual)
medyantiyans (accusative plural)
medyantyās (genitive singular)
medyantyom (genitive plural)
medyantyāi (dative singular)
medyantyābom (dative dual)
medyantyābos (dative plural)
medyantyābim (dual instrumental)
medyantyābis (instrumental plural)
medyont (nominative singular)
medyonta (nominative plural)
medyont (singular vocative)
medyonta (plural vocative)
medyont (accusative singular)
medyonta (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *mėðɨd
Old Cornish: medhes
Middle Welsh: meðu
Welsh: meddu

Old Irish: midithir

From Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to measure; give advice”)


madyeti

madyū (active first-person present singular)
madyemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
mimatsū (active first-person future singular)
memāda (active first-person preterite singular)
madyesi (active present second-person singular)
madyetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
mimatsesi (active future second-person singular)
memādas? (active preterite second-person singular)
madyeti (active present singular third-person)
madyeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
mimatseti (active future singular third-person)
memāde (active preterite singular third-person)
madyomosi (active first-person plural present)
madyemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
mimatsomosi (active first-person future plural)
memādmo (active first-person plural preterite)
madyetesi (active plural present second-person)
madyestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
mimatsetesi (active future plural second-person)
memāsse (active plural preterite second-person)
madyonti (active plural present third-person)
madyento (active imperfect plural third-person)
mimatsonti (active future plural third-person)
memādars (active plural preterite third-person)
mātsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
mātsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
madye (active imperative second-person singular)
mātseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
madyetou (active imperative singular third-person)
mātsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
madyomos (active first-person imperative plural)
mātsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
madyete (active imperative plural second-person)
mātsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
madyontou (active imperative plural third-person)
madyūr (first-person passive present singular)
mimatsūr (first-person future passive singular)
memādra (first-person passive preterite singular)
madyetar (passive present second-person singular)
mimatsetar (future passive second-person singular)
memādras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
madyetor (passive present singular third-person)
mimatsetor (future passive singular third-person)
memādre (passive preterite singular third-person)
madyommor (first-person passive plural present)
mimatsommor (first-person future passive plural)
madyedwe (passive plural present second-person)
mimatsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
madyontor (passive plural present third-person)
mimatsontor (future passive plural third-person)
mātsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
mātsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
mātsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
mātsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
mātsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
mātsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
madyonts (nominative singular)
madyonte (dual nominative)
madyontes (nominative plural)
madyonts (singular vocative)
madyonte (dual vocative)
madyontes (plural vocative)
madyontam (accusative singular)
madyonte (accusative dual)
madyontans (accusative plural)
madyantos (genitive singular)
madyantom (genitive plural)
madyantei (dative singular)
madyantbom (dative dual)
madyantbos (dative plural)
madyantī? (instrumental singular)
madyantbim (dual instrumental)
madyantbis (instrumental plural)
madyantī (nominative singular)
madyantī (dual nominative)
madyantiyās (nominative plural)
madyantī (singular vocative)
madyantī (dual vocative)
madyantiyās (plural vocative)
madyantīm (accusative singular)
madyantī (accusative dual)
madyantiyans (accusative plural)
madyantyās (genitive singular)
madyantyom (genitive plural)
madyantyāi (dative singular)
madyantyābom (dative dual)
madyantyābos (dative plural)
madyantyābim (dual instrumental)
madyantyābis (instrumental plural)
madyont (nominative singular)
madyonta (nominative plural)
madyont (singular vocative)
madyonta (plural vocative)
madyont (accusative singular)
madyonta (accusative plural)
massos (nominative singular)
massou (dual nominative)
massoi (nominative plural)
masse (singular vocative)
massou (dual vocative)
massoi (plural vocative)
massom (accusative singular)
massou (accusative dual)
massons (accusative plural)
massī (genitive singular)
massous (dual genitive)
massom (genitive plural)
massūi (dative singular)
massobom (dative dual)
massobos (dative plural)
massū (instrumental singular)
massobim (dual instrumental)
massobis (instrumental plural)
massā (nominative singular)
massai (dual nominative)
massās (nominative plural)
massā (singular vocative)
massai (dual vocative)
massās (plural vocative)
massam (accusative singular)
massai (accusative dual)
massans (accusative plural)
massās (genitive singular)
massai (dative singular)
massābom (dative dual)
massābos (dative plural)
massābim (dual instrumental)
massābis (instrumental plural)
massom (nominative singular)
massā (nominative plural)
massom (singular vocative)
massā (plural vocative)
massā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *mėðjɨd

Middle Breton: mezaff

Breton: mezañ

Middle Welsh: maeðu

Welsh: maeddu

desctree

Old Irish: maidid
Irish: maígh, maidhm (denominal re-formation from the verbal noun)

Possibly from (and formally derivable from) Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d- (“to be wet, moist”), though the semantic connection is weak; the evolution could have been from describing the bursting of streams and torrents to the more general use of breaking and bursting. Similar sense development is found in Serbo-Croatian prsnuti (“to explode, blow up”) and prskati (“to sprinkle, squirt, water”).


annketi

annkū (active first-person present singular)
annkemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
īnxsū (active first-person future singular)
ānonka (active first-person preterite singular)
annkesi (active present second-person singular)
annketās (active imperfect second-person singular)
īnxsesi (active future second-person singular)
ānonkas? (active preterite second-person singular)
annketi (active present singular third-person)
annketo (active imperfect singular third-person)
īnxseti (active future singular third-person)
ānonke (active preterite singular third-person)
annkomosi (active first-person plural present)
annkemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
īnxsomosi (active first-person future plural)
ānonkmo (active first-person plural preterite)
annketesi (active plural present second-person)
annkestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
īnxsetesi (active future plural second-person)
ānonxte (active plural preterite second-person)
annkonti (active plural present third-person)
annkento (active imperfect plural third-person)
īnxsonti (active future plural third-person)
ānonkars (active plural preterite third-person)
īnxsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
īnxsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
annke (active imperative second-person singular)
īnxseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
annketou (active imperative singular third-person)
īnxsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
annkomos (active first-person imperative plural)
īnxsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
annkete (active imperative plural second-person)
īnxsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
annkontou (active imperative plural third-person)
annkūr (first-person passive present singular)
īnxsūr (first-person future passive singular)
ānonkra (first-person passive preterite singular)
annketar (passive present second-person singular)
īnxsetar (future passive second-person singular)
ānonkras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
annketor (passive present singular third-person)
īnxsetor (future passive singular third-person)
ānonkre (passive preterite singular third-person)
annkommor (first-person passive plural present)
īnxsommor (first-person future passive plural)
annkedwe (passive plural present second-person)
īnxsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
annkontor (passive plural present third-person)
īnxsontor (future passive plural third-person)
īnxsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
īnxsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
īnxsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
īnxsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
īnxsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
īnxsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
annkonts (nominative singular)
annkonte (dual nominative)
annkontes (nominative plural)
annkonts (singular vocative)
annkonte (dual vocative)
annkontes (plural vocative)
annkontam (accusative singular)
annkonte (accusative dual)
annkontans (accusative plural)
annkantos (genitive singular)
annkantom (genitive plural)
annkantei (dative singular)
annkantbom (dative dual)
annkantbos (dative plural)
annkantī? (instrumental singular)
annkantbim (dual instrumental)
annkantbis (instrumental plural)
annkantī (nominative singular)
annkantī (dual nominative)
annkantiyās (nominative plural)
annkantī (singular vocative)
annkantī (dual vocative)
annkantiyās (plural vocative)
annkantīm (accusative singular)
annkantī (accusative dual)
annkantiyans (accusative plural)
annkantyās (genitive singular)
annkantyom (genitive plural)
annkantyāi (dative singular)
annkantyābom (dative dual)
annkantyābos (dative plural)
annkantyābim (dual instrumental)
annkantyābis (instrumental plural)
annkont (nominative singular)
annkonta (nominative plural)
annkont (singular vocative)
annkonta (plural vocative)
annkont (accusative singular)
annkonta (accusative plural)
anxtos (nominative singular)
anxtou (dual nominative)
anxtoi (nominative plural)
anxte (singular vocative)
anxtou (dual vocative)
anxtoi (plural vocative)
anxtom (accusative singular)
anxtou (accusative dual)
anxtons (accusative plural)
anxtī (genitive singular)
anxtous (dual genitive)
anxtom (genitive plural)
anxtūi (dative singular)
anxtobom (dative dual)
anxtobos (dative plural)
anxtū (instrumental singular)
anxtobim (dual instrumental)
anxtobis (instrumental plural)
anxtā (nominative singular)
anxtai (dual nominative)
anxtās (nominative plural)
anxtā (singular vocative)
anxtai (dual vocative)
anxtās (plural vocative)
anxtam (accusative singular)
anxtai (accusative dual)
anxtans (accusative plural)
anxtās (genitive singular)
anxtai (dative singular)
anxtābom (dative dual)
anxtābos (dative plural)
anxtābim (dual instrumental)
anxtābis (instrumental plural)
anxtom (nominative singular)
anxtā (nominative plural)
anxtom (singular vocative)
anxtā (plural vocative)
anxtā (accusative plural)

desc

Old Irish: ·icc (in various derived verbs)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”).
One of the most controversial terms in Proto-Celtic to reconstruct, only outmatched by *essi in controversy. The main problem comes from the vowel of Old Irish ·icc, whose presence of i- is irregular, since all possible initials ank-, enk- and ink- all normally become éc- in Old Irish.
The mainstream reconstruction, *annketi, was introduced by Peter Schrijver in the 1990s and has remained the most popular theory since. It places faith in the assumption that *annk- would result in a different outcome in the daughter languages to that of *ank-. Kim McCone, rejecting the now-mainstream reconstruction, has attempted to position Middle Irish con·téici (“to freeze”) as counterevidence by reconstructing *tannketi for it, comparing the verb to Sanskrit तनक्ति (tanakti, “to coagulate”). However, EDPC points out that a pre-Irish denominal formation *tankīti is enough to beget con·téici, removing the supposed counterevidence.

noncog

Proto-Brythonic: *kuβ̃oɨθOld Cornish: chefuidOld Welsh: comoidMiddle Welsh: kyuoethWelsh: cyfoeth

Proto-Brythonic: *kuβ̃oɨθọgOld Cornish: chefuidocMiddle Welsh: kyuoethawcWelsh: cyfoethog


kerdeti

kerdū (active first-person present singular)
kerdemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
kikritsū (active first-person future singular)
karda (active first-person preterite singular)
kerdesi (active present second-person singular)
kerdetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
kikritsesi (active future second-person singular)
kardas? (active preterite second-person singular)
kerdeti (active present singular third-person)
kerdeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
kikritseti (active future singular third-person)
karde (active preterite singular third-person)
kerdomosi (active first-person plural present)
kerdemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
kikritsomosi (active first-person future plural)
kardmo (active first-person plural preterite)
kerdetesi (active plural present second-person)
kerdestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
kikritsetesi (active future plural second-person)
karsse (active plural preterite second-person)
kerdonti (active plural present third-person)
kerdento (active imperfect plural third-person)
kikritsonti (active future plural third-person)
kardars (active plural preterite third-person)
kertsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
kertsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
kerde (active imperative second-person singular)
kertseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
kerdetou (active imperative singular third-person)
kertsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
kerdomos (active first-person imperative plural)
kertsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
kerdete (active imperative plural second-person)
kertsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
kerdontou (active imperative plural third-person)
kerdūr (first-person passive present singular)
kikritsūr (first-person future passive singular)
kardra (first-person passive preterite singular)
kerdetar (passive present second-person singular)
kikritsetar (future passive second-person singular)
kardras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
kerdetor (passive present singular third-person)
kikritsetor (future passive singular third-person)
kardre (passive preterite singular third-person)
kerdommor (first-person passive plural present)
kikritsommor (first-person future passive plural)
kerdedwe (passive plural present second-person)
kikritsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
kerdontor (passive plural present third-person)
kikritsontor (future passive plural third-person)
kertsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
kertsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
kertsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
kertsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
kertsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
kertsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
kerdonts (nominative singular)
kerdonte (dual nominative)
kerdontes (nominative plural)
kerdonts (singular vocative)
kerdonte (dual vocative)
kerdontes (plural vocative)
kerdontam (accusative singular)
kerdonte (accusative dual)
kerdontans (accusative plural)
kerdantos (genitive singular)
kerdantom (genitive plural)
kerdantei (dative singular)
kerdantbom (dative dual)
kerdantbos (dative plural)
kerdantī? (instrumental singular)
kerdantbim (dual instrumental)
kerdantbis (instrumental plural)
kerdantī (nominative singular)
kerdantī (dual nominative)
kerdantiyās (nominative plural)
kerdantī (singular vocative)
kerdantī (dual vocative)
kerdantiyās (plural vocative)
kerdantīm (accusative singular)
kerdantī (accusative dual)
kerdantiyans (accusative plural)
kerdantyās (genitive singular)
kerdantyom (genitive plural)
kerdantyāi (dative singular)
kerdantyābom (dative dual)
kerdantyābos (dative plural)
kerdantyābim (dual instrumental)
kerdantyābis (instrumental plural)
kerdont (nominative singular)
kerdonta (nominative plural)
kerdont (singular vocative)
kerdonta (plural vocative)
kerdont (accusative singular)
kerdonta (accusative plural)
krissos (nominative singular)
krissou (dual nominative)
krissoi (nominative plural)
krisse (singular vocative)
krissou (dual vocative)
krissoi (plural vocative)
krissom (accusative singular)
krissou (accusative dual)
krissons (accusative plural)
krissī (genitive singular)
krissous (dual genitive)
krissom (genitive plural)
krissūi (dative singular)
krissobom (dative dual)
krissobos (dative plural)
krissū (instrumental singular)
krissobim (dual instrumental)
krissobis (instrumental plural)
krissā (nominative singular)
krissai (dual nominative)
krissās (nominative plural)
krissā (singular vocative)
krissai (dual vocative)
krissās (plural vocative)
krissam (accusative singular)
krissai (accusative dual)
krissans (accusative plural)
krissās (genitive singular)
krissai (dative singular)
krissābom (dative dual)
krissābos (dative plural)
krissābim (dual instrumental)
krissābis (instrumental plural)
krissom (nominative singular)
krissā (nominative plural)
krissom (singular vocative)
krissā (plural vocative)
krissā (accusative plural)

desc

Proto-Brythonic: *kɨrðɨd (absolute), *kerð (conjunct)

Middle Breton: querzet

Breton: kerzhet

Cornish: kerdhes

Middle Welsh: kerddet

Welsh: cerdded

From Proto-Indo-European *kerd- (“to swing”), often compared to Ancient Greek κραδάω (kradáō, “to shake”).


snāti

snāmi (active first-person present singular)
snāmam (active first-person imperfect singular)
sesnū (active first-person preterite singular)
snāsi (active present second-person singular)
snātās (active imperfect second-person singular)
sesnūs (active preterite second-person singular)
snāti (active present singular third-person)
snāto (active imperfect singular third-person)
sesnū (active preterite singular third-person)
snāmosi (active first-person plural present)
snāmo (active first-person imperfect plural)
sesnamo (active first-person plural preterite)
snātesi (active plural present second-person)
snāstē (active imperfect plural second-person)
sesnate (active plural preterite second-person)
snānti (active plural present third-person)
snānto (active imperfect plural third-person)
sesnars (active plural preterite third-person)
snā (active imperative second-person singular)
snātou (active imperative singular third-person)
snāmos (active first-person imperative plural)
snāte (active imperative plural second-person)
snāntou (active imperative plural third-person)
snār (first-person passive present singular)
snātar (passive present second-person singular)
snātor (passive present singular third-person)
snāmmor (first-person passive plural present)
snādwe (passive plural present second-person)
snāntor (passive plural present third-person)
snants (nominative singular)
snante (dual nominative)
snantes (nominative plural)
snants (singular vocative)
snante (dual vocative)
snantes (plural vocative)
snantam (accusative singular)
snante (accusative dual)
snantans (accusative plural)
snantos (genitive singular)
snantom (genitive plural)
snantei (dative singular)
snantbom (dative dual)
snantbos (dative plural)
snantī? (instrumental singular)
snantbim (dual instrumental)
snantbis (instrumental plural)
snantī (nominative singular)
snantī (dual nominative)
snantiyās (nominative plural)
snantī (singular vocative)
snantī (dual vocative)
snantiyās (plural vocative)
snantīm (accusative singular)
snantī (accusative dual)
snantiyans (accusative plural)
snantyās (genitive singular)
snantyom (genitive plural)
snantyāi (dative singular)
snantyābom (dative dual)
snantyābos (dative plural)
snantyābim (dual instrumental)
snantyābis (instrumental plural)
snant (nominative singular)
snanta (nominative plural)
snant (singular vocative)
snanta (plural vocative)
snant (accusative singular)
snanta (accusative plural)

Old Irish: snaid
Middle Irish: snáid

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₂- (“to swim”).


balnīti

balnīmi (active first-person present singular)
balnamam (active first-person imperfect singular)
biblāsū (active first-person future singular)
bilam (active first-person preterite singular)
balnīsi (active present second-person singular)
balnatās (active imperfect second-person singular)
biblāsesi (active future second-person singular)
bils (active preterite second-person singular)
balnīti (active present singular third-person)
balnato (active imperfect singular third-person)
biblāseti (active future singular third-person)
bilt (active preterite singular third-person)
balnamosi (active first-person plural present)
balnamo (active first-person imperfect plural)
biblāsomosi (active first-person future plural)
bilme (active first-person plural preterite)
balnatesi (active plural present second-person)
balnastē (active imperfect plural second-person)
biblāsetesi (active future plural second-person)
bilte (active plural preterite second-person)
balnenti (active plural present third-person)
balnanto (active imperfect plural third-person)
biblāsonti (active future plural third-person)
bilant (active plural preterite third-person)
belasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
belasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
balnī (active imperative second-person singular)
belaseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
balnītou (active imperative singular third-person)
belasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
balnamos (active first-person imperative plural)
belasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
balnate (active imperative plural second-person)
belasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
balnentou (active imperative plural third-person)
balnīr (first-person passive present singular)
biblāsūr (first-person future passive singular)
balnītar (passive present second-person singular)
biblāsetar (future passive second-person singular)
balnītor (passive present singular third-person)
biblāsetor (future passive singular third-person)
balnammor (first-person passive plural present)
biblāsommor (first-person future passive plural)
balnadwe (passive plural present second-person)
biblāsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
balnentor (passive plural present third-person)
biblāsontor (future passive plural third-person)
bilanto (passive plural preterite third-person)
belasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
belasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
belasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
belasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
belasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
belasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
balnonts (nominative singular)
balnonte (dual nominative)
balnontes (nominative plural)
balnonts (singular vocative)
balnonte (dual vocative)
balnontes (plural vocative)
balnontam (accusative singular)
balnonte (accusative dual)
balnontans (accusative plural)
balnantos (genitive singular)
balnantom (genitive plural)
balnantei (dative singular)
balnantbom (dative dual)
balnantbos (dative plural)
balnantī? (instrumental singular)
balnantbim (dual instrumental)
balnantbis (instrumental plural)
balnantī (nominative singular)
balnantī (dual nominative)
balnantiyās (nominative plural)
balnantī (singular vocative)
balnantī (dual vocative)
balnantiyās (plural vocative)
balnantīm (accusative singular)
balnantī (accusative dual)
balnantiyans (accusative plural)
balnantyās (genitive singular)
balnantyom (genitive plural)
balnantyāi (dative singular)
balnantyābom (dative dual)
balnantyābos (dative plural)
balnantyābim (dual instrumental)
balnantyābis (instrumental plural)
balnont (nominative singular)
balnonta (nominative plural)
balnont (singular vocative)
balnonta (plural vocative)
balnont (accusative singular)
balnonta (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic:

desc

Middle Welsh: ballwyf (1sg. subjunctive)

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷelh₁- (“to throw”), with an original meaning "throw (it away)" becoming a euphemism for death in Celtic. The -n-is from the nasal infix *-né-.


rināti

rināmi (active first-person present singular)
rinamam (active first-person imperfect singular)
rirīsū (active first-person future singular)
rira (active first-person preterite singular)
rināsi (active present second-person singular)
rinatās (active imperfect second-person singular)
rirīsesi (active future second-person singular)
riras? (active preterite second-person singular)
rināti (active present singular third-person)
rinato (active imperfect singular third-person)
rirīseti (active future singular third-person)
rire (active preterite singular third-person)
rinamosi (active first-person plural present)
rinamo (active first-person imperfect plural)
rirīsomosi (active first-person future plural)
rirmo (active first-person plural preterite)
rinatesi (active plural present second-person)
rinastē (active imperfect plural second-person)
rirīsetesi (active future plural second-person)
rire (active plural preterite second-person)
rinanti (active plural present third-person)
rinanto (active imperfect plural third-person)
rirīsonti (active future plural third-person)
rirars (active plural preterite third-person)
reyasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
reyasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
rinā (active imperative second-person singular)
reyaseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
rinātou (active imperative singular third-person)
reyasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
rinamos (active first-person imperative plural)
reyasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
rinate (active imperative plural second-person)
reyasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
rinantou (active imperative plural third-person)
rinār (first-person passive present singular)
rirīsūr (first-person future passive singular)
rirra (first-person passive preterite singular)
rinātar (passive present second-person singular)
rirīsetar (future passive second-person singular)
rirras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
rinātor (passive present singular third-person)
rirīsetor (future passive singular third-person)
rirre (passive preterite singular third-person)
rinammor (first-person passive plural present)
rirīsommor (first-person future passive plural)
rinadwe (passive plural present second-person)
rirīsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
rinantor (passive plural present third-person)
rirīsontor (future passive plural third-person)
reyasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
reyasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
reyasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
reyasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
reyasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
reyasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
rinonts (nominative singular)
rinonte (dual nominative)
rinontes (nominative plural)
rinonts (singular vocative)
rinonte (dual vocative)
rinontes (plural vocative)
rinontam (accusative singular)
rinonte (accusative dual)
rinontans (accusative plural)
rinantos (genitive singular)
rinantom (genitive plural)
rinantei (dative singular)
rinantbom (dative dual)
rinantbos (dative plural)
rinantī? (instrumental singular)
rinantbim (dual instrumental)
rinantbis (instrumental plural)
rinantī (nominative singular)
rinantī (dual nominative)
rinantiyās (nominative plural)
rinantī (singular vocative)
rinantī (dual vocative)
rinantiyās (plural vocative)
rinantīm (accusative singular)
rinantī (accusative dual)
rinantiyans (accusative plural)
rinantyās (genitive singular)
rinantyom (genitive plural)
rinantyāi (dative singular)
rinantyābom (dative dual)
rinantyābos (dative plural)
rinantyābim (dual instrumental)
rinantyābis (instrumental plural)
rinont (nominative singular)
rinonta (nominative plural)
rinont (singular vocative)
rinonta (plural vocative)
rinont (accusative singular)
rinonta (accusative plural)
rītos (nominative singular)
rītou (dual nominative)
rītoi (nominative plural)
rīte (singular vocative)
rītou (dual vocative)
rītoi (plural vocative)
rītom (accusative singular)
rītou (accusative dual)
rītons (accusative plural)
rītī (genitive singular)
rītous (dual genitive)
rītom (genitive plural)
rītūi (dative singular)
rītobom (dative dual)
rītobos (dative plural)
rītū (instrumental singular)
rītobim (dual instrumental)
rītobis (instrumental plural)
rītā (nominative singular)
rītai (dual nominative)
rītās (nominative plural)
rītā (singular vocative)
rītai (dual vocative)
rītās (plural vocative)
rītam (accusative singular)
rītai (accusative dual)
rītans (accusative plural)
rītās (genitive singular)
rītai (dative singular)
rītābom (dative dual)
rītābos (dative plural)
rītābim (dual instrumental)
rītābis (instrumental plural)
rītom (nominative singular)
rītā (nominative plural)
rītom (singular vocative)
rītā (plural vocative)
rītā (accusative plural)

desctree

Old Irish: renaid
⇒ Middle Irish: reccaid (denominative from verbal noun)
Irish: reic
Scottish Gaelic: reic

Gaulish: rinoti

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ri-né-H-ti, nasal infix present of root *h₂reyH- (“to count”).


duketi

dukū (active first-person present singular)
dukemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
diduxsū (active first-person future singular)
dudouka (active first-person preterite singular)
dukesi (active present second-person singular)
duketās (active imperfect second-person singular)
diduxsesi (active future second-person singular)
dudoukas? (active preterite second-person singular)
duketi (active present singular third-person)
duketo (active imperfect singular third-person)
diduxseti (active future singular third-person)
dudouke (active preterite singular third-person)
dukomosi (active first-person plural present)
dukemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
diduxsomosi (active first-person future plural)
dudoukmo (active first-person plural preterite)
duketesi (active plural present second-person)
dukestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
diduxsetesi (active future plural second-person)
dudouxte (active plural preterite second-person)
dukonti (active plural present third-person)
dukento (active imperfect plural third-person)
diduxsonti (active future plural third-person)
dudoukars (active plural preterite third-person)
douxsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
douxsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
duke (active imperative second-person singular)
douxseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
duketou (active imperative singular third-person)
douxsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
dukomos (active first-person imperative plural)
douxsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
dukete (active imperative plural second-person)
douxsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
dukontou (active imperative plural third-person)
dukūr (first-person passive present singular)
diduxsūr (first-person future passive singular)
dudoukra (first-person passive preterite singular)
duketar (passive present second-person singular)
diduxsetar (future passive second-person singular)
dudoukras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
duketor (passive present singular third-person)
diduxsetor (future passive singular third-person)
dudoukre (passive preterite singular third-person)
dukommor (first-person passive plural present)
diduxsommor (first-person future passive plural)
dukedwe (passive plural present second-person)
diduxsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
dukontor (passive plural present third-person)
diduxsontor (future passive plural third-person)
douxsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
douxsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
douxsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
douxsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
douxsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
douxsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
dukonts (nominative singular)
dukonte (dual nominative)
dukontes (nominative plural)
dukonts (singular vocative)
dukonte (dual vocative)
dukontes (plural vocative)
dukontam (accusative singular)
dukonte (accusative dual)
dukontans (accusative plural)
dukantos (genitive singular)
dukantom (genitive plural)
dukantei (dative singular)
dukantbom (dative dual)
dukantbos (dative plural)
dukantī? (instrumental singular)
dukantbim (dual instrumental)
dukantbis (instrumental plural)
dukantī (nominative singular)
dukantī (dual nominative)
dukantiyās (nominative plural)
dukantī (singular vocative)
dukantī (dual vocative)
dukantiyās (plural vocative)
dukantīm (accusative singular)
dukantī (accusative dual)
dukantiyans (accusative plural)
dukantyās (genitive singular)
dukantyom (genitive plural)
dukantyāi (dative singular)
dukantyābom (dative dual)
dukantyābos (dative plural)
dukantyābim (dual instrumental)
dukantyābis (instrumental plural)
dukont (nominative singular)
dukonta (nominative plural)
dukont (singular vocative)
dukonta (plural vocative)
dukont (accusative singular)
dukonta (accusative plural)
duxtos (nominative singular)
duxtou (dual nominative)
duxtoi (nominative plural)
duxte (singular vocative)
duxtou (dual vocative)
duxtoi (plural vocative)
duxtom (accusative singular)
duxtou (accusative dual)
duxtons (accusative plural)
duxtī (genitive singular)
duxtous (dual genitive)
duxtom (genitive plural)
duxtūi (dative singular)
duxtobom (dative dual)
duxtobos (dative plural)
duxtū (instrumental singular)
duxtobim (dual instrumental)
duxtobis (instrumental plural)
duxtā (nominative singular)
duxtai (dual nominative)
duxtās (nominative plural)
duxtā (singular vocative)
duxtai (dual vocative)
duxtās (plural vocative)
duxtam (accusative singular)
duxtai (accusative dual)
duxtans (accusative plural)
duxtās (genitive singular)
duxtai (dative singular)
duxtābom (dative dual)
duxtābos (dative plural)
duxtābim (dual instrumental)
duxtābis (instrumental plural)
duxtom (nominative singular)
duxtā (nominative plural)
duxtom (singular vocative)
duxtā (plural vocative)
duxtā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic:

Middle Breton: douen

Breton: dougen

Cornish: don

Middle Welsh: dwyn

Welsh: dwyn

From Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull, lead”).


wourū

wourū (active first-person preterite singular)
wourūs (active preterite second-person singular)
wourū (active preterite singular third-person)
wouramo (active first-person plural preterite)
wourate (active plural preterite second-person)
wourars (active plural preterite third-person)
wrītos (nominative singular)
wrītou (dual nominative)
wrītoi (nominative plural)
wrīte (singular vocative)
wrītou (dual vocative)
wrītoi (plural vocative)
wrītom (accusative singular)
wrītou (accusative dual)
wrītons (accusative plural)
wrītī (genitive singular)
wrītous (dual genitive)
wrītom (genitive plural)
wrītūi (dative singular)
wrītobom (dative dual)
wrītobos (dative plural)
wrītū (instrumental singular)
wrītobim (dual instrumental)
wrītobis (instrumental plural)
wrītā (nominative singular)
wrītai (dual nominative)
wrītās (nominative plural)
wrītā (singular vocative)
wrītai (dual vocative)
wrītās (plural vocative)
wrītam (accusative singular)
wrītai (accusative dual)
wrītans (accusative plural)
wrītās (genitive singular)
wrītai (dative singular)
wrītābom (dative dual)
wrītābos (dative plural)
wrītābim (dual instrumental)
wrītābis (instrumental plural)
wrītom (nominative singular)
wrītā (nominative plural)
wrītom (singular vocative)
wrītā (plural vocative)
wrītā (accusative plural)

desc

preterite forms of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">fo·gaib</i>

Old Irish: fo·fúair, fo·fríth (preterite forms of fo·gaib)

preterite of <i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">faigh</i>

Irish: fuair (preterite of faigh)

preterite of <i class="Latn mention" lang="gd">faigh</i>

Scottish Gaelic: fhuair (preterite of faigh)

preterite of <i class="Latn mention" lang="gv">fow</i>

Manx: hooar (preterite of fow)

⇒ Gaulish: tioinuoru (3sg. pret.) (prefixed with tio- and in-)

Generally held as cognate to Ancient Greek εὑρίσκω (heurískō, “to find, discover”). The root may be reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *wreh₁- or *werh₁-; it is impossible to ascertain which is correct.


tudeti

tudū (active first-person present singular)
tudemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
titutsū (active first-person future singular)
keram (active first-person preterite singular)
tudesi (active present second-person singular)
tudetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
titutsesi (active future second-person singular)
keras (active preterite second-person singular)
tudeti (active present singular third-person)
tudeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
titutseti (active future singular third-person)
kerat (active preterite singular third-person)
tudomosi (active first-person plural present)
tudemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
titutsomosi (active first-person future plural)
kerame (active first-person plural preterite)
tudetesi (active plural present second-person)
tudestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
titutsetesi (active future plural second-person)
kerate (active plural preterite second-person)
tudonti (active plural present third-person)
tudento (active imperfect plural third-person)
titutsonti (active future plural third-person)
kerant (active plural preterite third-person)
toutsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
toutsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
tude (active imperative second-person singular)
toutseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
tudetou (active imperative singular third-person)
toutsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
tudomos (active first-person imperative plural)
toutsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
tudete (active imperative plural second-person)
toutsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
tudontou (active imperative plural third-person)
tudūr (first-person passive present singular)
titutsūr (first-person future passive singular)
tudetar (passive present second-person singular)
titutsetar (future passive second-person singular)
tudetor (passive present singular third-person)
titutsetor (future passive singular third-person)
tudommor (first-person passive plural present)
titutsommor (first-person future passive plural)
tudedwe (passive plural present second-person)
titutsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
tudontor (passive plural present third-person)
titutsontor (future passive plural third-person)
toutsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
toutsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
toutsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
toutsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
toutsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
toutsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
tudonts (nominative singular)
tudonte (dual nominative)
tudontes (nominative plural)
tudonts (singular vocative)
tudonte (dual vocative)
tudontes (plural vocative)
tudontam (accusative singular)
tudonte (accusative dual)
tudontans (accusative plural)
tudantos (genitive singular)
tudantom (genitive plural)
tudantei (dative singular)
tudantbom (dative dual)
tudantbos (dative plural)
tudantī? (instrumental singular)
tudantbim (dual instrumental)
tudantbis (instrumental plural)
tudantī (nominative singular)
tudantī (dual nominative)
tudantiyās (nominative plural)
tudantī (singular vocative)
tudantī (dual vocative)
tudantiyās (plural vocative)
tudantīm (accusative singular)
tudantī (accusative dual)
tudantiyans (accusative plural)
tudantyās (genitive singular)
tudantyom (genitive plural)
tudantyāi (dative singular)
tudantyābom (dative dual)
tudantyābos (dative plural)
tudantyābim (dual instrumental)
tudantyābis (instrumental plural)
tudont (nominative singular)
tudonta (nominative plural)
tudont (singular vocative)
tudonta (plural vocative)
tudont (accusative singular)
tudonta (accusative plural)
tussos (nominative singular)
tussou (dual nominative)
tussoi (nominative plural)
tusse (singular vocative)
tussou (dual vocative)
tussoi (plural vocative)
tussom (accusative singular)
tussou (accusative dual)
tussons (accusative plural)
tussī (genitive singular)
tussous (dual genitive)
tussom (genitive plural)
tussūi (dative singular)
tussobom (dative dual)
tussobos (dative plural)
tussū (instrumental singular)
tussobim (dual instrumental)
tussobis (instrumental plural)
tussā (nominative singular)
tussai (dual nominative)
tussās (nominative plural)
tussā (singular vocative)
tussai (dual vocative)
tussās (plural vocative)
tussam (accusative singular)
tussai (accusative dual)
tussans (accusative plural)
tussās (genitive singular)
tussai (dative singular)
tussābom (dative dual)
tussābos (dative plural)
tussābim (dual instrumental)
tussābis (instrumental plural)
tussom (nominative singular)
tussā (nominative plural)
tussom (singular vocative)
tussā (plural vocative)
tussā (accusative plural)

desctree

with <i class="Latn mention" lang="cel-pro">*to-</i> prefixed

⇒ Old Irish: do·tuit (with *to- prefixed)
Middle Irish: do·fuit, ·tuit
Irish: tuit, tit
Manx: tuitt
Scottish Gaelic: tuit

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewd- (“to hit”). The closest cognate is Sanskrit तुदति (tudati, “to strike, hit”).
The preterite stem *kera- is suppletive and comes from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“to break”).


kiyeti

kiyū (active first-person present singular)
kiyemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
kikīsū (active first-person future singular)
kika (active first-person preterite singular)
kiyesi (active present second-person singular)
kiyetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
kikīsesi (active future second-person singular)
kikas? (active preterite second-person singular)
kiyeti (active present singular third-person)
kiyeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
kikīseti (active future singular third-person)
kike (active preterite singular third-person)
kiyomosi (active first-person plural present)
kiyemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
kikīsomosi (active first-person future plural)
kikmo (active first-person plural preterite)
kiyetesi (active plural present second-person)
kiyestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
kikīsetesi (active future plural second-person)
kixte (active plural preterite second-person)
kiyonti (active plural present third-person)
kiyento (active imperfect plural third-person)
kikīsonti (active future plural third-person)
kikars (active plural preterite third-person)
keyasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
keyasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
kiye (active imperative second-person singular)
keyaseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
kiyetou (active imperative singular third-person)
keyasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
kiyomos (active first-person imperative plural)
keyasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
kiyete (active imperative plural second-person)
keyasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
kiyontou (active imperative plural third-person)
kiyūr (first-person passive present singular)
kikīsūr (first-person future passive singular)
kikra (first-person passive preterite singular)
kiyetar (passive present second-person singular)
kikīsetar (future passive second-person singular)
kikras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
kiyetor (passive present singular third-person)
kikīsetor (future passive singular third-person)
kikre (passive preterite singular third-person)
kiyommor (first-person passive plural present)
kikīsommor (first-person future passive plural)
kiyedwe (passive plural present second-person)
kikīsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
kiyontor (passive plural present third-person)
kikīsontor (future passive plural third-person)
keyasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
keyasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
keyasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
keyasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
keyasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
keyasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
kiyonts (nominative singular)
kiyonte (dual nominative)
kiyontes (nominative plural)
kiyonts (singular vocative)
kiyonte (dual vocative)
kiyontes (plural vocative)
kiyontam (accusative singular)
kiyonte (accusative dual)
kiyontans (accusative plural)
kiyantos (genitive singular)
kiyantom (genitive plural)
kiyantei (dative singular)
kiyantbom (dative dual)
kiyantbos (dative plural)
kiyantī? (instrumental singular)
kiyantbim (dual instrumental)
kiyantbis (instrumental plural)
kiyantī (nominative singular)
kiyantī (dual nominative)
kiyantiyās (nominative plural)
kiyantī (singular vocative)
kiyantī (dual vocative)
kiyantiyās (plural vocative)
kiyantīm (accusative singular)
kiyantī (accusative dual)
kiyantiyans (accusative plural)
kiyantyās (genitive singular)
kiyantyom (genitive plural)
kiyantyāi (dative singular)
kiyantyābom (dative dual)
kiyantyābos (dative plural)
kiyantyābim (dual instrumental)
kiyantyābis (instrumental plural)
kiyont (nominative singular)
kiyonta (nominative plural)
kiyont (singular vocative)
kiyonta (plural vocative)
kiyont (accusative singular)
kiyonta (accusative plural)
kitos (nominative singular)
kitou (dual nominative)
kitoi (nominative plural)
kite (singular vocative)
kitou (dual vocative)
kitoi (plural vocative)
kitom (accusative singular)
kitou (accusative dual)
kitons (accusative plural)
kitī (genitive singular)
kitous (dual genitive)
kitom (genitive plural)
kitūi (dative singular)
kitobom (dative dual)
kitobos (dative plural)
kitū (instrumental singular)
kitobim (dual instrumental)
kitobis (instrumental plural)
kitā (nominative singular)
kitai (dual nominative)
kitās (nominative plural)
kitā (singular vocative)
kitai (dual vocative)
kitās (plural vocative)
kitam (accusative singular)
kitai (accusative dual)
kitans (accusative plural)
kitās (genitive singular)
kitai (dative singular)
kitābom (dative dual)
kitābos (dative plural)
kitābim (dual instrumental)
kitābis (instrumental plural)
kitom (nominative singular)
kitā (nominative plural)
kitom (singular vocative)
kitā (plural vocative)
kitā (accusative plural)

desc

Proto-Brythonic: (converted to deponent)

Middle Welsh: ciawr, cior (3sg present)

Old Irish: ciid (“to cry”)

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱey- (“to fall”).


kriniti

krinimi (active first-person present singular)
krinimam (active first-person imperfect singular)
kikrīsū (active first-person future singular)
krinisi (active present second-person singular)
krinitās (active imperfect second-person singular)
kikrīsesi (active future second-person singular)
kriniti (active present singular third-person)
krinito (active imperfect singular third-person)
kikrīseti (active future singular third-person)
krinimosi (active first-person plural present)
krinimo (active first-person imperfect plural)
kikrīsomosi (active first-person future plural)
krinitesi (active plural present second-person)
krinistē (active imperfect plural second-person)
kikrīsetesi (active future plural second-person)
krininti (active plural present third-person)
krininto (active imperfect plural third-person)
kikrīsonti (active future plural third-person)
kreyasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
kreyasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
krini (active imperative second-person singular)
kreyaseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
krinitou (active imperative singular third-person)
kreyasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
krinimos (active first-person imperative plural)
kreyasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
krinite (active imperative plural second-person)
kreyasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
krinintou (active imperative plural third-person)
krinir (first-person passive present singular)
kikrīsūr (first-person future passive singular)
krinitar (passive present second-person singular)
kikrīsetar (future passive second-person singular)
krinitor (passive present singular third-person)
kikrīsetor (future passive singular third-person)
krinimmor (first-person passive plural present)
kikrīsommor (first-person future passive plural)
krinidwe (passive plural present second-person)
kikrīsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
krinintor (passive plural present third-person)
kikrīsontor (future passive plural third-person)
kreyasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
kreyasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
kreyasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
kreyasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
kreyasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
kreyasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
krinyonts (nominative singular)
krinyonte (dual nominative)
krinyontes (nominative plural)
krinyonts (singular vocative)
krinyonte (dual vocative)
krinyontes (plural vocative)
krinyontam (accusative singular)
krinyonte (accusative dual)
krinyontans (accusative plural)
krinyantos (genitive singular)
krinyantom (genitive plural)
krinyantei (dative singular)
krinyantbom (dative dual)
krinyantbos (dative plural)
krinyantī? (instrumental singular)
krinyantbim (dual instrumental)
krinyantbis (instrumental plural)
krinyantī (nominative singular)
krinyantī (dual nominative)
krinyantiyās (nominative plural)
krinyantī (singular vocative)
krinyantī (dual vocative)
krinyantiyās (plural vocative)
krinyantīm (accusative singular)
krinyantī (accusative dual)
krinyantiyans (accusative plural)
krinyantyās (genitive singular)
krinyantyom (genitive plural)
krinyantyāi (dative singular)
krinyantyābom (dative dual)
krinyantyābos (dative plural)
krinyantyābim (dual instrumental)
krinyantyābis (instrumental plural)
krinyont (nominative singular)
krinyonta (nominative plural)
krinyont (singular vocative)
krinyonta (plural vocative)
krinyont (accusative singular)
krinyonta (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *krɨnɨð

Middle Welsh: crynu

Welsh: crynu

Middle Breton: crenaff (1sg. present), cren (3sg. present), creno (3sg. subjunctive)

Middle Cornish: krena

From Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to shake”).

echryn

Proto-Brythonic: *exrɨn (prototonic); Middle Welsh


dāyetor

dāyūr (first-person passive present singular)
dāyetar (passive present second-person singular)
dāyetor (passive present singular third-person)
dāyommor (first-person passive plural present)
dāyedwe (passive plural present second-person)
dāyontor (passive plural present third-person)
dāyonts (nominative singular)
dāyonte (dual nominative)
dāyontes (nominative plural)
dāyonts (singular vocative)
dāyonte (dual vocative)
dāyontes (plural vocative)
dāyontam (accusative singular)
dāyonte (accusative dual)
dāyontans (accusative plural)
dāyantos (genitive singular)
dāyantom (genitive plural)
dāyantei (dative singular)
dāyantbom (dative dual)
dāyantbos (dative plural)
dāyantī? (instrumental singular)
dāyantbim (dual instrumental)
dāyantbis (instrumental plural)
dāyantī (nominative singular)
dāyantī (dual nominative)
dāyantiyās (nominative plural)
dāyantī (singular vocative)
dāyantī (dual vocative)
dāyantiyās (plural vocative)
dāyantīm (accusative singular)
dāyantī (accusative dual)
dāyantiyans (accusative plural)
dāyantyās (genitive singular)
dāyantyom (genitive plural)
dāyantyāi (dative singular)
dāyantyābom (dative dual)
dāyantyābos (dative plural)
dāyantyābim (dual instrumental)
dāyantyābis (instrumental plural)
dāyont (nominative singular)
dāyonta (nominative plural)
dāyont (singular vocative)
dāyonta (plural vocative)
dāyont (accusative singular)
dāyonta (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *dọr

Middle Breton: deur (present tense)

Middle Welsh: doraf (1sg present), dawr (3sg present)

confused with <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">at·tá</i> (“to exist”)

Old Irish: dáthar, dáas (confused with at·tá (“to exist”))

Unknown. Matasović notes a possible connection to Proto-Indo-European *deh₁- (“to bind”), but dismisses it as semantically unsatisfactory.


dingeti

dingū (active first-person present singular)
dingemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
didixsū (active first-person future singular)
didoiga (active first-person preterite singular)
dingesi (active present second-person singular)
dingetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
didixsesi (active future second-person singular)
didoigas? (active preterite second-person singular)
dingeti (active present singular third-person)
dingeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
didixseti (active future singular third-person)
didoige (active preterite singular third-person)
dingomosi (active first-person plural present)
dingemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
didixsomosi (active first-person future plural)
didoigmo (active first-person plural preterite)
dingetesi (active plural present second-person)
dingestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
didixsetesi (active future plural second-person)
didoixte (active plural preterite second-person)
dingonti (active plural present third-person)
dingento (active imperfect plural third-person)
didixsonti (active future plural third-person)
didoigars (active plural preterite third-person)
deixsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
deixsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
dinge (active imperative second-person singular)
deixseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
dingetou (active imperative singular third-person)
deixsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
dingomos (active first-person imperative plural)
deixsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
dingete (active imperative plural second-person)
deixsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
dingontou (active imperative plural third-person)
dingūr (first-person passive present singular)
didixsūr (first-person future passive singular)
didoigra (first-person passive preterite singular)
dingetar (passive present second-person singular)
didixsetar (future passive second-person singular)
didoigras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
dingetor (passive present singular third-person)
didixsetor (future passive singular third-person)
didoigre (passive preterite singular third-person)
dingommor (first-person passive plural present)
didixsommor (first-person future passive plural)
dingedwe (passive plural present second-person)
didixsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
dingontor (passive plural present third-person)
didixsontor (future passive plural third-person)
deixsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
deixsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
deixsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
deixsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
deixsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
deixsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
dingonts (nominative singular)
dingonte (dual nominative)
dingontes (nominative plural)
dingonts (singular vocative)
dingonte (dual vocative)
dingontes (plural vocative)
dingontam (accusative singular)
dingonte (accusative dual)
dingontans (accusative plural)
dingantos (genitive singular)
dingantom (genitive plural)
dingantei (dative singular)
dingantbom (dative dual)
dingantbos (dative plural)
dingantī? (instrumental singular)
dingantbim (dual instrumental)
dingantbis (instrumental plural)
dingantī (nominative singular)
dingantī (dual nominative)
dingantiyās (nominative plural)
dingantī (singular vocative)
dingantī (dual vocative)
dingantiyās (plural vocative)
dingantīm (accusative singular)
dingantī (accusative dual)
dingantiyans (accusative plural)
dingantyās (genitive singular)
dingantyom (genitive plural)
dingantyāi (dative singular)
dingantyābom (dative dual)
dingantyābos (dative plural)
dingantyābim (dual instrumental)
dingantyābis (instrumental plural)
dingont (nominative singular)
dingonta (nominative plural)
dingont (singular vocative)
dingonta (plural vocative)
dingont (accusative singular)
dingonta (accusative plural)
dixtos (nominative singular)
dixtou (dual nominative)
dixtoi (nominative plural)
dixte (singular vocative)
dixtou (dual vocative)
dixtoi (plural vocative)
dixtom (accusative singular)
dixtou (accusative dual)
dixtons (accusative plural)
dixtī (genitive singular)
dixtous (dual genitive)
dixtom (genitive plural)
dixtūi (dative singular)
dixtobom (dative dual)
dixtobos (dative plural)
dixtū (instrumental singular)
dixtobim (dual instrumental)
dixtobis (instrumental plural)
dixtā (nominative singular)
dixtai (dual nominative)
dixtās (nominative plural)
dixtā (singular vocative)
dixtai (dual vocative)
dixtās (plural vocative)
dixtam (accusative singular)
dixtai (accusative dual)
dixtans (accusative plural)
dixtās (genitive singular)
dixtai (dative singular)
dixtābom (dative dual)
dixtābos (dative plural)
dixtābim (dual instrumental)
dixtābis (instrumental plural)
dixtom (nominative singular)
dixtā (nominative plural)
dixtom (singular vocative)
dixtā (plural vocative)
dixtā (accusative plural)

Old Irish: dingid

Celtiberian: tinketuz (3sg. imperative)

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form”).


guseti

gusū (active first-person present singular)
gusemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
gigussū (active first-person future singular)
gugousa (active first-person preterite singular)
gusesi (active present second-person singular)
gusetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
gigussesi (active future second-person singular)
gugousas? (active preterite second-person singular)
guseti (active present singular third-person)
guseto (active imperfect singular third-person)
gigusseti (active future singular third-person)
gugouse (active preterite singular third-person)
gusomosi (active first-person plural present)
gusemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
gigussomosi (active first-person future plural)
gugousmo (active first-person plural preterite)
gusetesi (active plural present second-person)
gusestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
gigussetesi (active future plural second-person)
gugouse (active plural preterite second-person)
gusonti (active plural present third-person)
gusento (active imperfect plural third-person)
gigussonti (active future plural third-person)
gugousars (active plural preterite third-person)
goussū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
goussesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
guse (active imperative second-person singular)
gousseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
gusetou (active imperative singular third-person)
goussomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
gusomos (active first-person imperative plural)
goussetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
gusete (active imperative plural second-person)
goussonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
gusontou (active imperative plural third-person)
gusūr (first-person passive present singular)
gigussūr (first-person future passive singular)
gugousra (first-person passive preterite singular)
gusetar (passive present second-person singular)
gigussetar (future passive second-person singular)
gugousras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
gusetor (passive present singular third-person)
gigussetor (future passive singular third-person)
gugousre (passive preterite singular third-person)
gusommor (first-person passive plural present)
gigussommor (first-person future passive plural)
gusedwe (passive plural present second-person)
gigussedwe (future passive plural second-person)
gusontor (passive plural present third-person)
gigussontor (future passive plural third-person)
goussūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
goussetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
goussetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
goussommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
goussedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
goussontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
gusonts (nominative singular)
gusonte (dual nominative)
gusontes (nominative plural)
gusonts (singular vocative)
gusonte (dual vocative)
gusontes (plural vocative)
gusontam (accusative singular)
gusonte (accusative dual)
gusontans (accusative plural)
gusantos (genitive singular)
gusantom (genitive plural)
gusantei (dative singular)
gusantbom (dative dual)
gusantbos (dative plural)
gusantī? (instrumental singular)
gusantbim (dual instrumental)
gusantbis (instrumental plural)
gusantī (nominative singular)
gusantī (dual nominative)
gusantiyās (nominative plural)
gusantī (singular vocative)
gusantī (dual vocative)
gusantiyās (plural vocative)
gusantīm (accusative singular)
gusantī (accusative dual)
gusantiyans (accusative plural)
gusantyās (genitive singular)
gusantyom (genitive plural)
gusantyāi (dative singular)
gusantyābom (dative dual)
gusantyābos (dative plural)
gusantyābim (dual instrumental)
gusantyābis (instrumental plural)
gusont (nominative singular)
gusonta (nominative plural)
gusont (singular vocative)
gusonta (plural vocative)
gusont (accusative singular)
gusonta (accusative plural)
gustos (nominative singular)
gustou (dual nominative)
gustoi (nominative plural)
guste (singular vocative)
gustou (dual vocative)
gustoi (plural vocative)
gustom (accusative singular)
gustou (accusative dual)
gustons (accusative plural)
gustī (genitive singular)
gustous (dual genitive)
gustom (genitive plural)
gustūi (dative singular)
gustobom (dative dual)
gustobos (dative plural)
gustū (instrumental singular)
gustobim (dual instrumental)
gustobis (instrumental plural)
gustā (nominative singular)
gustai (dual nominative)
gustās (nominative plural)
gustā (singular vocative)
gustai (dual vocative)
gustās (plural vocative)
gustam (accusative singular)
gustai (accusative dual)
gustans (accusative plural)
gustās (genitive singular)
gustai (dative singular)
gustābom (dative dual)
gustābos (dative plural)
gustābim (dual instrumental)
gustābis (instrumental plural)
gustom (nominative singular)
gustā (nominative plural)
gustom (singular vocative)
gustā (plural vocative)
gustā (accusative plural)

⇒ Old Irish: asa·gúsi

⇒ Old Irish: do·goa

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwseti (“to taste, choose”), converted to the zero grade.