lamyeti

lamyū (active first-person present singular)
lamyemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
lilmasū (active first-person future singular)
lāma (active first-person preterite singular)
lamyesi (active present second-person singular)
lamyetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
lilmasesi (active future second-person singular)
lāmas? (active preterite second-person singular)
lamyeti (active present singular third-person)
lamyeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
lilmaseti (active future singular third-person)
lāme (active preterite singular third-person)
lamyomosi (active first-person plural present)
lamyemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
lilmasomosi (active first-person future plural)
lāmmo (active first-person plural preterite)
lamyetesi (active plural present second-person)
lamyestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
lilmasetesi (active future plural second-person)
lānte (active plural preterite second-person)
lamyonti (active plural present third-person)
lamyento (active imperfect plural third-person)
lilmasonti (active future plural third-person)
lāmars (active plural preterite third-person)
lamasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
lamasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
lamye (active imperative second-person singular)
lamaseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
lamyetou (active imperative singular third-person)
lamasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
lamyomos (active first-person imperative plural)
lamasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
lamyete (active imperative plural second-person)
lamasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
lamyontou (active imperative plural third-person)
lamyūr (first-person passive present singular)
lilmasūr (first-person future passive singular)
lāmra (first-person passive preterite singular)
lamyetar (passive present second-person singular)
lilmasetar (future passive second-person singular)
lāmras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
lamyetor (passive present singular third-person)
lilmasetor (future passive singular third-person)
lāmre (passive preterite singular third-person)
lamyommor (first-person passive plural present)
lilmasommor (first-person future passive plural)
lamyedwe (passive plural present second-person)
lilmasedwe (future passive plural second-person)
lamyontor (passive plural present third-person)
lilmasontor (future passive plural third-person)
lamasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
lamasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
lamasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
lamasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
lamasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
lamasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
lamyonts (nominative singular)
lamyonte (dual nominative)
lamyontes (nominative plural)
lamyonts (singular vocative)
lamyonte (dual vocative)
lamyontes (plural vocative)
lamyontam (accusative singular)
lamyonte (accusative dual)
lamyontans (accusative plural)
lamyantos (genitive singular)
lamyantom (genitive plural)
lamyantei (dative singular)
lamyantbom (dative dual)
lamyantbos (dative plural)
lamyantī? (instrumental singular)
lamyantbim (dual instrumental)
lamyantbis (instrumental plural)
lamyantī (nominative singular)
lamyantī (dual nominative)
lamyantiyās (nominative plural)
lamyantī (singular vocative)
lamyantī (dual vocative)
lamyantiyās (plural vocative)
lamyantīm (accusative singular)
lamyantī (accusative dual)
lamyantiyans (accusative plural)
lamyantyās (genitive singular)
lamyantyom (genitive plural)
lamyantyāi (dative singular)
lamyantyābom (dative dual)
lamyantyābos (dative plural)
lamyantyābim (dual instrumental)
lamyantyābis (instrumental plural)
lamyont (nominative singular)
lamyonta (nominative plural)
lamyont (singular vocative)
lamyonta (plural vocative)
lamyont (accusative singular)
lamyonta (accusative plural)
lantos (nominative singular)
lantou (dual nominative)
lantoi (nominative plural)
lante (singular vocative)
lantou (dual vocative)
lantoi (plural vocative)
lantom (accusative singular)
lantou (accusative dual)
lantons (accusative plural)
lantī (genitive singular)
lantous (dual genitive)
lantom (genitive plural)
lantūi (dative singular)
lantobom (dative dual)
lantobos (dative plural)
lantū (instrumental singular)
lantobim (dual instrumental)
lantobis (instrumental plural)
lantā (nominative singular)
lantai (dual nominative)
lantās (nominative plural)
lantā (singular vocative)
lantai (dual vocative)
lantās (plural vocative)
lantam (accusative singular)
lantai (accusative dual)
lantans (accusative plural)
lantās (genitive singular)
lantai (dative singular)
lantābom (dative dual)
lantābos (dative plural)
lantābim (dual instrumental)
lantābis (instrumental plural)
lantom (nominative singular)
lantā (nominative plural)
lantom (singular vocative)
lantā (plural vocative)
lantā (accusative plural)

⇒ Proto-Brythonic:

Middle Breton: lafuaez

Middle Cornish: lauasos

Middle Welsh: llafasu

desctree

Old Irish: ro·laimethar
Middle Irish: lamaid
Irish: leomh

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃lem-. Cognate with Lithuanian lémti.


ɸibeti

ɸibū (active first-person present singular)
ɸibemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
ɸiɸixsū (active first-person future singular)
ɸixsam (active first-person preterite singular)
ɸibesi (active present second-person singular)
ɸibetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
ɸiɸixsesi (active future second-person singular)
ɸixss (active preterite second-person singular)
ɸibeti (active present singular third-person)
ɸibeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
ɸiɸixseti (active future singular third-person)
ɸixst (active preterite singular third-person)
ɸibomosi (active first-person plural present)
ɸibemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
ɸiɸixsomosi (active first-person future plural)
ɸixsme (active first-person plural preterite)
ɸibetesi (active plural present second-person)
ɸibestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
ɸiɸixsetesi (active future plural second-person)
ɸixste (active plural preterite second-person)
ɸibonti (active plural present third-person)
ɸibento (active imperfect plural third-person)
ɸiɸixsonti (active future plural third-person)
ɸixsant (active plural preterite third-person)
ɸeixsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
ɸeixsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
ɸibe (active imperative second-person singular)
ɸeixseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
ɸibetou (active imperative singular third-person)
ɸeixsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
ɸibomos (active first-person imperative plural)
ɸeixsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
ɸibete (active imperative plural second-person)
ɸeixsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
ɸibontou (active imperative plural third-person)
ɸibūr (first-person passive present singular)
ɸiɸixsūr (first-person future passive singular)
ɸibetar (passive present second-person singular)
ɸiɸixsetar (future passive second-person singular)
ɸibetor (passive present singular third-person)
ɸiɸixsetor (future passive singular third-person)
ɸibommor (first-person passive plural present)
ɸiɸixsommor (first-person future passive plural)
ɸibedwe (passive plural present second-person)
ɸiɸixsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
ɸibontor (passive plural present third-person)
ɸiɸixsontor (future passive plural third-person)
ɸixsanto (passive plural preterite third-person)
ɸeixsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
ɸeixsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
ɸeixsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
ɸeixsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
ɸeixsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
ɸeixsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
ɸibonts (nominative singular)
ɸibonte (dual nominative)
ɸibontes (nominative plural)
ɸibonts (singular vocative)
ɸibonte (dual vocative)
ɸibontes (plural vocative)
ɸibontam (accusative singular)
ɸibonte (accusative dual)
ɸibontans (accusative plural)
ɸibantos (genitive singular)
ɸibantom (genitive plural)
ɸibantei (dative singular)
ɸibantbom (dative dual)
ɸibantbos (dative plural)
ɸibantī? (instrumental singular)
ɸibantbim (dual instrumental)
ɸibantbis (instrumental plural)
ɸibantī (nominative singular)
ɸibantī (dual nominative)
ɸibantiyās (nominative plural)
ɸibantī (singular vocative)
ɸibantī (dual vocative)
ɸibantiyās (plural vocative)
ɸibantīm (accusative singular)
ɸibantī (accusative dual)
ɸibantiyans (accusative plural)
ɸibantyās (genitive singular)
ɸibantyom (genitive plural)
ɸibantyāi (dative singular)
ɸibantyābom (dative dual)
ɸibantyābos (dative plural)
ɸibantyābim (dual instrumental)
ɸibantyābis (instrumental plural)
ɸibont (nominative singular)
ɸibonta (nominative plural)
ɸibont (singular vocative)
ɸibonta (plural vocative)
ɸibont (accusative singular)
ɸibonta (accusative plural)
ɸixtos (nominative singular)
ɸixtou (dual nominative)
ɸixtoi (nominative plural)
ɸixte (singular vocative)
ɸixtou (dual vocative)
ɸixtoi (plural vocative)
ɸixtom (accusative singular)
ɸixtou (accusative dual)
ɸixtons (accusative plural)
ɸixtī (genitive singular)
ɸixtous (dual genitive)
ɸixtom (genitive plural)
ɸixtūi (dative singular)
ɸixtobom (dative dual)
ɸixtobos (dative plural)
ɸixtū (instrumental singular)
ɸixtobim (dual instrumental)
ɸixtobis (instrumental plural)
ɸixtā (nominative singular)
ɸixtai (dual nominative)
ɸixtās (nominative plural)
ɸixtā (singular vocative)
ɸixtai (dual vocative)
ɸixtās (plural vocative)
ɸixtam (accusative singular)
ɸixtai (accusative dual)
ɸixtans (accusative plural)
ɸixtās (genitive singular)
ɸixtai (dative singular)
ɸixtābom (dative dual)
ɸixtābos (dative plural)
ɸixtābim (dual instrumental)
ɸixtābis (instrumental plural)
ɸixtom (nominative singular)
ɸixtā (nominative plural)
ɸixtom (singular vocative)
ɸixtā (plural vocative)
ɸixtā (accusative plural)

Brythonic: *ɨβɨd
Middle Breton: yvet
Breton: evañ
Middle Cornish: eva, eve
Cornish: eva
Old Welsh: iben (1pl. impf.)
Middle Welsh: yuet
Welsh: yfed

Old Irish: ibid

Irish: ibh

Manx: iu

Gaulish: ibetis (2pl.impv/ind.)


gʷedyeti

gʷedyū (active first-person present singular)
gʷedyemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
gʷigʷitsū (active first-person future singular)
gʷāda (active first-person preterite singular)
gʷedyesi (active present second-person singular)
gʷedyetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
gʷigʷitsesi (active future second-person singular)
gʷādas? (active preterite second-person singular)
gʷedyeti (active present singular third-person)
gʷedyeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
gʷigʷitseti (active future singular third-person)
gʷāde (active preterite singular third-person)
gʷedyomosi (active first-person plural present)
gʷedyemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
gʷigʷitsomosi (active first-person future plural)
gʷādmo (active first-person plural preterite)
gʷedyetesi (active plural present second-person)
gʷedyestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
gʷigʷitsetesi (active future plural second-person)
gʷāsse (active plural preterite second-person)
gʷedyonti (active plural present third-person)
gʷedyento (active imperfect plural third-person)
gʷigʷitsonti (active future plural third-person)
gʷādars (active plural preterite third-person)
gʷetsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
gʷetsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
gʷedye (active imperative second-person singular)
gʷetseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
gʷedyetou (active imperative singular third-person)
gʷetsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
gʷedyomos (active first-person imperative plural)
gʷetsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
gʷedyete (active imperative plural second-person)
gʷetsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
gʷedyontou (active imperative plural third-person)
gʷedyūr (first-person passive present singular)
gʷigʷitsūr (first-person future passive singular)
gʷādra (first-person passive preterite singular)
gʷedyetar (passive present second-person singular)
gʷigʷitsetar (future passive second-person singular)
gʷādras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
gʷedyetor (passive present singular third-person)
gʷigʷitsetor (future passive singular third-person)
gʷādre (passive preterite singular third-person)
gʷedyommor (first-person passive plural present)
gʷigʷitsommor (first-person future passive plural)
gʷedyedwe (passive plural present second-person)
gʷigʷitsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
gʷedyontor (passive plural present third-person)
gʷigʷitsontor (future passive plural third-person)
gʷetsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
gʷetsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
gʷetsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
gʷetsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
gʷetsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
gʷetsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
gʷedyonts (nominative singular)
gʷedyonte (dual nominative)
gʷedyontes (nominative plural)
gʷedyonts (singular vocative)
gʷedyonte (dual vocative)
gʷedyontes (plural vocative)
gʷedyontam (accusative singular)
gʷedyonte (accusative dual)
gʷedyontans (accusative plural)
gʷedyantos (genitive singular)
gʷedyantom (genitive plural)
gʷedyantei (dative singular)
gʷedyantbom (dative dual)
gʷedyantbos (dative plural)
gʷedyantī? (instrumental singular)
gʷedyantbim (dual instrumental)
gʷedyantbis (instrumental plural)
gʷedyantī (nominative singular)
gʷedyantī (dual nominative)
gʷedyantiyās (nominative plural)
gʷedyantī (singular vocative)
gʷedyantī (dual vocative)
gʷedyantiyās (plural vocative)
gʷedyantīm (accusative singular)
gʷedyantī (accusative dual)
gʷedyantiyans (accusative plural)
gʷedyantyās (genitive singular)
gʷedyantyom (genitive plural)
gʷedyantyāi (dative singular)
gʷedyantyābom (dative dual)
gʷedyantyābos (dative plural)
gʷedyantyābim (dual instrumental)
gʷedyantyābis (instrumental plural)
gʷedyont (nominative singular)
gʷedyonta (nominative plural)
gʷedyont (singular vocative)
gʷedyonta (plural vocative)
gʷedyont (accusative singular)
gʷedyonta (accusative plural)
gʷessos (nominative singular)
gʷessou (dual nominative)
gʷessoi (nominative plural)
gʷesse (singular vocative)
gʷessou (dual vocative)
gʷessoi (plural vocative)
gʷessom (accusative singular)
gʷessou (accusative dual)
gʷessons (accusative plural)
gʷessī (genitive singular)
gʷessous (dual genitive)
gʷessom (genitive plural)
gʷessūi (dative singular)
gʷessobom (dative dual)
gʷessobos (dative plural)
gʷessū (instrumental singular)
gʷessobim (dual instrumental)
gʷessobis (instrumental plural)
gʷessā (nominative singular)
gʷessai (dual nominative)
gʷessās (nominative plural)
gʷessā (singular vocative)
gʷessai (dual vocative)
gʷessās (plural vocative)
gʷessam (accusative singular)
gʷessai (accusative dual)
gʷessans (accusative plural)
gʷessās (genitive singular)
gʷessai (dative singular)
gʷessābom (dative dual)
gʷessābos (dative plural)
gʷessābim (dual instrumental)
gʷessābis (instrumental plural)
gʷessom (nominative singular)
gʷessā (nominative plural)
gʷessom (singular vocative)
gʷessā (plural vocative)
gʷessā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic:

Welsh: gweddïo

Old Irish: guidid
Irish: guigh
Manx: guee
Scottish Gaelic: guidh

Gaulish: uediiu (“I pray”)


aryeti

aryū (active first-person present singular)
aryemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
aryesi (active present second-person singular)
aryetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
aryeti (active present singular third-person)
aryeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
aryomosi (active first-person plural present)
aryemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
aryetesi (active plural present second-person)
aryestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
aryonti (active plural present third-person)
aryento (active imperfect plural third-person)
arasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
arasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
arye (active imperative second-person singular)
araseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
aryetou (active imperative singular third-person)
arasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
aryomos (active first-person imperative plural)
arasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
aryete (active imperative plural second-person)
arasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
aryontou (active imperative plural third-person)
aryūr (first-person passive present singular)
aryetar (passive present second-person singular)
aryetor (passive present singular third-person)
aryommor (first-person passive plural present)
aryedwe (passive plural present second-person)
aryontor (passive plural present third-person)
arasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
arasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
arasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
arasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
arasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
arasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
aryonts (nominative singular)
aryonte (dual nominative)
aryontes (nominative plural)
aryonts (singular vocative)
aryonte (dual vocative)
aryontes (plural vocative)
aryontam (accusative singular)
aryonte (accusative dual)
aryontans (accusative plural)
aryantos (genitive singular)
aryantom (genitive plural)
aryantei (dative singular)
aryantbom (dative dual)
aryantbos (dative plural)
aryantī? (instrumental singular)
aryantbim (dual instrumental)
aryantbis (instrumental plural)
aryantī (nominative singular)
aryantī (dual nominative)
aryantiyās (nominative plural)
aryantī (singular vocative)
aryantī (dual vocative)
aryantiyās (plural vocative)
aryantīm (accusative singular)
aryantī (accusative dual)
aryantiyans (accusative plural)
aryantyās (genitive singular)
aryantyom (genitive plural)
aryantyāi (dative singular)
aryantyābom (dative dual)
aryantyābos (dative plural)
aryantyābim (dual instrumental)
aryantyābis (instrumental plural)
aryont (nominative singular)
aryonta (nominative plural)
aryont (singular vocative)
aryonta (plural vocative)
aryont (accusative singular)
aryonta (accusative plural)

Brythonic: *ėrðɨd
Breton: arat
Cornish: aras
Middle Welsh: eredic, ardaf
Welsh: aredig, arddu

Old Irish: airid

Irish: air (literary)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ér-ye-ti (sic), from root *h₂erh₃-.


molātor

molār (first-person passive present singular)
molātar (passive present second-person singular)
molātor (passive present singular third-person)
molāmmor (first-person passive plural present)
molādwe (passive plural present second-person)
molāntor (passive plural present third-person)
molants (nominative singular)
molante (dual nominative)
molantes (nominative plural)
molants (singular vocative)
molante (dual vocative)
molantes (plural vocative)
molantam (accusative singular)
molante (accusative dual)
molantans (accusative plural)
molantos (genitive singular)
molantom (genitive plural)
molantei (dative singular)
molantbom (dative dual)
molantbos (dative plural)
molantī? (instrumental singular)
molantbim (dual instrumental)
molantbis (instrumental plural)
molantī (nominative singular)
molantī (dual nominative)
molantiyās (nominative plural)
molantī (singular vocative)
molantī (dual vocative)
molantiyās (plural vocative)
molantīm (accusative singular)
molantī (accusative dual)
molantiyans (accusative plural)
molantyās (genitive singular)
molantyom (genitive plural)
molantyāi (dative singular)
molantyābom (dative dual)
molantyābos (dative plural)
molantyābim (dual instrumental)
molantyābis (instrumental plural)
molant (nominative singular)
molanta (nominative plural)
molant (singular vocative)
molanta (plural vocative)
molant (accusative singular)
molanta (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *molọd
Middle Breton: meuliff
Breton: meuliñ
Cornish: moli, mawl
Old Welsh: molim (verbal noun)
Middle Welsh: moli
Welsh: moli

Old Irish: molaidir, molid
Middle Irish: molaid
Irish: mol
Scottish Gaelic: mol
Manx: moylley

Cognate with *mālos (“praise”). Possibly related to Proto-Indo-European *meldʰ- (Proto-West Germanic *melþōn (“inform”), Proto-Slavic *modliti (“ask, pray”), Old Armenian մաղթեմ (małtʻem, “implore, pray”)), though the loss of the dʰ is problematic.


barnati

barnami (active first-person present singular)
barnamam (active first-person imperfect singular)
barnasi (active present second-person singular)
barnatās (active imperfect second-person singular)
barnati (active present singular third-person)
barnato (active imperfect singular third-person)
barnamosi (active first-person plural present)
barnamo (active first-person imperfect plural)
barnatesi (active plural present second-person)
barnastē (active imperfect plural second-person)
barnanti (active plural present third-person)
barnanto (active imperfect plural third-person)
barna (active imperative second-person singular)
barnatou (active imperative singular third-person)
barnamos (active first-person imperative plural)
barnate (active imperative plural second-person)
barnantou (active imperative plural third-person)
barnar (first-person passive present singular)
barnatar (passive present second-person singular)
barnator (passive present singular third-person)
barnammor (first-person passive plural present)
barnadwe (passive plural present second-person)
barnantor (passive plural present third-person)
barnants (nominative singular)
barnante (dual nominative)
barnantes (nominative plural)
barnants (singular vocative)
barnante (dual vocative)
barnantes (plural vocative)
barnantam (accusative singular)
barnante (accusative dual)
barnantans (accusative plural)
barnantos (genitive singular)
barnantom (genitive plural)
barnantei (dative singular)
barnantbom (dative dual)
barnantbos (dative plural)
barnantī? (instrumental singular)
barnantbim (dual instrumental)
barnantbis (instrumental plural)
barnantī (nominative singular)
barnantī (dual nominative)
barnantiyās (nominative plural)
barnantī (singular vocative)
barnantī (dual vocative)
barnantiyās (plural vocative)
barnantīm (accusative singular)
barnantī (accusative dual)
barnantiyans (accusative plural)
barnantyās (genitive singular)
barnantyom (genitive plural)
barnantyāi (dative singular)
barnantyābom (dative dual)
barnantyābos (dative plural)
barnantyābim (dual instrumental)
barnantyābis (instrumental plural)
barnant (nominative singular)
barnanta (nominative plural)
barnant (singular vocative)
barnanta (plural vocative)
barnant (accusative singular)
barnanta (accusative plural)

desctree

Brythonic: *barnad
Middle Breton: barn
Middle Welsh: barnu, barnaf
Welsh: barnu

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥-né-H-ti ~ *gʷr̥-n-H-énti, from *gʷerH- (“to praise, elevate”) + *-né- + *-ti.


bināti

bināmi (active first-person present singular)
binamam (active first-person imperfect singular)
bibīsū (active first-person future singular)
biba (active first-person preterite singular)
bināsi (active present second-person singular)
binatās (active imperfect second-person singular)
bibīsesi (active future second-person singular)
bibas? (active preterite second-person singular)
bināti (active present singular third-person)
binato (active imperfect singular third-person)
bibīseti (active future singular third-person)
bibe (active preterite singular third-person)
binamosi (active first-person plural present)
binamo (active first-person imperfect plural)
bibīsomosi (active first-person future plural)
bibmo (active first-person plural preterite)
binatesi (active plural present second-person)
binastē (active imperfect plural second-person)
bibīsetesi (active future plural second-person)
bixte (active plural preterite second-person)
binanti (active plural present third-person)
binanto (active imperfect plural third-person)
bibīsonti (active future plural third-person)
bibars (active plural preterite third-person)
beyasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
beyasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
binā (active imperative second-person singular)
beyaseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
binātou (active imperative singular third-person)
beyasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
binamos (active first-person imperative plural)
beyasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
binate (active imperative plural second-person)
beyasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
binantou (active imperative plural third-person)
binār (first-person passive present singular)
bibīsūr (first-person future passive singular)
bibra (first-person passive preterite singular)
binātar (passive present second-person singular)
bibīsetar (future passive second-person singular)
bibras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
binātor (passive present singular third-person)
bibīsetor (future passive singular third-person)
bibre (passive preterite singular third-person)
binammor (first-person passive plural present)
bibīsommor (first-person future passive plural)
binadwe (passive plural present second-person)
bibīsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
binantor (passive plural present third-person)
bibīsontor (future passive plural third-person)
beyasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
beyasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
beyasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
beyasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
beyasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
beyasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
binonts (nominative singular)
binonte (dual nominative)
binontes (nominative plural)
binonts (singular vocative)
binonte (dual vocative)
binontes (plural vocative)
binontam (accusative singular)
binonte (accusative dual)
binontans (accusative plural)
binantos (genitive singular)
binantom (genitive plural)
binantei (dative singular)
binantbom (dative dual)
binantbos (dative plural)
binantī? (instrumental singular)
binantbim (dual instrumental)
binantbis (instrumental plural)
binantī (nominative singular)
binantī (dual nominative)
binantiyās (nominative plural)
binantī (singular vocative)
binantī (dual vocative)
binantiyās (plural vocative)
binantīm (accusative singular)
binantī (accusative dual)
binantiyans (accusative plural)
binantyās (genitive singular)
binantyom (genitive plural)
binantyāi (dative singular)
binantyābom (dative dual)
binantyābos (dative plural)
binantyābim (dual instrumental)
binantyābis (instrumental plural)
binont (nominative singular)
binonta (nominative plural)
binont (singular vocative)
binonta (plural vocative)
binont (accusative singular)
binonta (accusative plural)
bītos (nominative singular)
bītou (dual nominative)
bītoi (nominative plural)
bīte (singular vocative)
bītou (dual vocative)
bītoi (plural vocative)
bītom (accusative singular)
bītou (accusative dual)
bītons (accusative plural)
bītī (genitive singular)
bītous (dual genitive)
bītom (genitive plural)
bītūi (dative singular)
bītobom (dative dual)
bītobos (dative plural)
bītū (instrumental singular)
bītobim (dual instrumental)
bītobis (instrumental plural)
bītā (nominative singular)
bītai (dual nominative)
bītās (nominative plural)
bītā (singular vocative)
bītai (dual vocative)
bītās (plural vocative)
bītam (accusative singular)
bītai (accusative dual)
bītans (accusative plural)
bītās (genitive singular)
bītai (dative singular)
bītābom (dative dual)
bītābos (dative plural)
bītābim (dual instrumental)
bītābis (instrumental plural)
bītom (nominative singular)
bītā (nominative plural)
bītom (singular vocative)
bītā (plural vocative)
bītā (accusative plural)

desctree

Proto-Brythonic: *bɨnad
Middle Breton: benaff
Breton: benañ

Old Irish: benaid
Irish: bain

Gaulish: biietutu (impv.)

Celtiberian: ne-bintor (3p.impv.med.)

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰi-né-h₂-ti, nasal-infix present of *bʰeyh₂- (“to strike, hew”).

Proto-Brythonic: *kummɨnadMiddle Breton: quemenasBreton: kemenañMiddle Welsh: kymynuWelsh: cymynu


gʷaneti

gʷanū (active first-person present singular)
gʷanemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
gʷigʷnāsū (active first-person future singular)
gʷegʷona (active first-person preterite singular)
gʷanesi (active present second-person singular)
gʷanetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
gʷigʷnāsesi (active future second-person singular)
gʷegʷonas? (active preterite second-person singular)
gʷaneti (active present singular third-person)
gʷaneto (active imperfect singular third-person)
gʷigʷnāseti (active future singular third-person)
gʷegʷone (active preterite singular third-person)
gʷanomosi (active first-person plural present)
gʷanemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
gʷigʷnāsomosi (active first-person future plural)
gʷegʷonmo (active first-person plural preterite)
gʷanetesi (active plural present second-person)
gʷanestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
gʷigʷnāsetesi (active future plural second-person)
gʷegʷone (active plural preterite second-person)
gʷanonti (active plural present third-person)
gʷanento (active imperfect plural third-person)
gʷigʷnāsonti (active future plural third-person)
gʷegʷonars (active plural preterite third-person)
gʷanasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
gʷanasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
gʷane (active imperative second-person singular)
gʷanaseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
gʷanetou (active imperative singular third-person)
gʷanasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
gʷanomos (active first-person imperative plural)
gʷanasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
gʷanete (active imperative plural second-person)
gʷanasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
gʷanontou (active imperative plural third-person)
gʷanūr (first-person passive present singular)
gʷigʷnāsūr (first-person future passive singular)
gʷegʷonra (first-person passive preterite singular)
gʷanetar (passive present second-person singular)
gʷigʷnāsetar (future passive second-person singular)
gʷegʷonras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
gʷanetor (passive present singular third-person)
gʷigʷnāsetor (future passive singular third-person)
gʷegʷonre (passive preterite singular third-person)
gʷanommor (first-person passive plural present)
gʷigʷnāsommor (first-person future passive plural)
gʷanedwe (passive plural present second-person)
gʷigʷnāsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
gʷanontor (passive plural present third-person)
gʷigʷnāsontor (future passive plural third-person)
gʷanasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
gʷanasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
gʷanasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
gʷanasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
gʷanasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
gʷanasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
gʷanonts (nominative singular)
gʷanonte (dual nominative)
gʷanontes (nominative plural)
gʷanonts (singular vocative)
gʷanonte (dual vocative)
gʷanontes (plural vocative)
gʷanontam (accusative singular)
gʷanonte (accusative dual)
gʷanontans (accusative plural)
gʷanantos (genitive singular)
gʷanantom (genitive plural)
gʷanantei (dative singular)
gʷanantbom (dative dual)
gʷanantbos (dative plural)
gʷanantī? (instrumental singular)
gʷanantbim (dual instrumental)
gʷanantbis (instrumental plural)
gʷanantī (nominative singular)
gʷanantī (dual nominative)
gʷanantiyās (nominative plural)
gʷanantī (singular vocative)
gʷanantī (dual vocative)
gʷanantiyās (plural vocative)
gʷanantīm (accusative singular)
gʷanantī (accusative dual)
gʷanantiyans (accusative plural)
gʷanantyās (genitive singular)
gʷanantyom (genitive plural)
gʷanantyāi (dative singular)
gʷanantyābom (dative dual)
gʷanantyābos (dative plural)
gʷanantyābim (dual instrumental)
gʷanantyābis (instrumental plural)
gʷanont (nominative singular)
gʷanonta (nominative plural)
gʷanont (singular vocative)
gʷanonta (plural vocative)
gʷanont (accusative singular)
gʷanonta (accusative plural)
gʷantos (nominative singular)
gʷantou (dual nominative)
gʷantoi (nominative plural)
gʷante (singular vocative)
gʷantou (dual vocative)
gʷantoi (plural vocative)
gʷantom (accusative singular)
gʷantou (accusative dual)
gʷantons (accusative plural)
gʷantī (genitive singular)
gʷantous (dual genitive)
gʷantom (genitive plural)
gʷantūi (dative singular)
gʷantobom (dative dual)
gʷantobos (dative plural)
gʷantū (instrumental singular)
gʷantobim (dual instrumental)
gʷantobis (instrumental plural)
gʷantā (nominative singular)
gʷantai (dual nominative)
gʷantās (nominative plural)
gʷantā (singular vocative)
gʷantai (dual vocative)
gʷantās (plural vocative)
gʷantam (accusative singular)
gʷantai (accusative dual)
gʷantans (accusative plural)
gʷantās (genitive singular)
gʷantai (dative singular)
gʷantābom (dative dual)
gʷantābos (dative plural)
gʷantābim (dual instrumental)
gʷantābis (instrumental plural)
gʷantom (nominative singular)
gʷantā (nominative plural)
gʷantom (singular vocative)
gʷantā (plural vocative)
gʷantā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *gwėnɨd
Middle Breton: goanaff
Breton: gwanañ
Cornish: gwana
Welsh: gwanu

Old Irish: gonaid
Middle Irish: gonaid
Irish: goin
Scottish Gaelic: goin

desc

Celtiberian: Guandos (personal name, literally “the struck”) (< past participle *gʷantos)

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰénti ~ *gʷʰnénti.

inh

ateuane (2sg. imp.)

*ati-gʷaneti (“strike back, strike again”)

erwan (3sg. pres.)

Proto-Brythonic: *erwan (conjunct); Middle Welsh


kladeti

kladū (active first-person present singular)
klademam (active first-person imperfect singular)
kikladsū (active first-person future singular)
keklāda (active first-person preterite singular)
kladesi (active present second-person singular)
kladetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
kikladsesi (active future second-person singular)
keklādas? (active preterite second-person singular)
kladeti (active present singular third-person)
kladeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
kikladseti (active future singular third-person)
keklāde (active preterite singular third-person)
kladomosi (active first-person plural present)
klademo (active first-person imperfect plural)
kikladsomosi (active first-person future plural)
keklādmo (active first-person plural preterite)
kladetesi (active plural present second-person)
kladestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
kikladsetesi (active future plural second-person)
keklāsse (active plural preterite second-person)
kladonti (active plural present third-person)
kladento (active imperfect plural third-person)
kikladsonti (active future plural third-person)
keklādars (active plural preterite third-person)
klādsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
klādsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
klade (active imperative second-person singular)
klādseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
kladetou (active imperative singular third-person)
klādsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
kladomos (active first-person imperative plural)
klādsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
kladete (active imperative plural second-person)
klādsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
kladontou (active imperative plural third-person)
kladūr (first-person passive present singular)
kikladsūr (first-person future passive singular)
keklādra (first-person passive preterite singular)
kladetar (passive present second-person singular)
kikladsetar (future passive second-person singular)
keklādras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
kladetor (passive present singular third-person)
kikladsetor (future passive singular third-person)
keklādre (passive preterite singular third-person)
kladommor (first-person passive plural present)
kikladsommor (first-person future passive plural)
kladedwe (passive plural present second-person)
kikladsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
kladontor (passive plural present third-person)
kikladsontor (future passive plural third-person)
klādsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
klādsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
klādsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
klādsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
klādsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
klādsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
kladonts (nominative singular)
kladonte (dual nominative)
kladontes (nominative plural)
kladonts (singular vocative)
kladonte (dual vocative)
kladontes (plural vocative)
kladontam (accusative singular)
kladonte (accusative dual)
kladontans (accusative plural)
kladantos (genitive singular)
kladantom (genitive plural)
kladantei (dative singular)
kladantbom (dative dual)
kladantbos (dative plural)
kladantī? (instrumental singular)
kladantbim (dual instrumental)
kladantbis (instrumental plural)
kladantī (nominative singular)
kladantī (dual nominative)
kladantiyās (nominative plural)
kladantī (singular vocative)
kladantī (dual vocative)
kladantiyās (plural vocative)
kladantīm (accusative singular)
kladantī (accusative dual)
kladantiyans (accusative plural)
kladantyās (genitive singular)
kladantyom (genitive plural)
kladantyāi (dative singular)
kladantyābom (dative dual)
kladantyābos (dative plural)
kladantyābim (dual instrumental)
kladantyābis (instrumental plural)
kladont (nominative singular)
kladonta (nominative plural)
kladont (singular vocative)
kladonta (plural vocative)
kladont (accusative singular)
kladonta (accusative plural)
klassos (nominative singular)
klassou (dual nominative)
klassoi (nominative plural)
klasse (singular vocative)
klassou (dual vocative)
klassoi (plural vocative)
klassom (accusative singular)
klassou (accusative dual)
klassons (accusative plural)
klassī (genitive singular)
klassous (dual genitive)
klassom (genitive plural)
klassūi (dative singular)
klassobom (dative dual)
klassobos (dative plural)
klassū (instrumental singular)
klassobim (dual instrumental)
klassobis (instrumental plural)
klassā (nominative singular)
klassai (dual nominative)
klassās (nominative plural)
klassā (singular vocative)
klassai (dual vocative)
klassās (plural vocative)
klassam (accusative singular)
klassai (accusative dual)
klassans (accusative plural)
klassās (genitive singular)
klassai (dative singular)
klassābom (dative dual)
klassābos (dative plural)
klassābim (dual instrumental)
klassābis (instrumental plural)
klassom (nominative singular)
klassā (nominative plural)
klassom (singular vocative)
klassā (plural vocative)
klassā (accusative plural)

desctree

Proto-Brythonic: *klėðɨd
Middle Breton: claza (“to dig, thrust”)
Breton: klazañ
Middle Welsh: claddu (“to bury”)
Welsh: claddu

Old Irish: claidid, ·claid (“to dig”)

Irish: claidh

Scottish Gaelic: cladhaich

From Proto-Indo-European *kl̥h₂dʰ-é-ti (tudati-present of *kelh₂d⁽ʰ⁾-), from an extension of *kelh₂- (“to strike”). This extended form could be the result of the reanalysis of a *d⁽ʰ⁾e-present or perhaps of a compound of *kelh₂- + *dʰeh₁-, that is, “to put a strike (into someone or something)”.

inh

tudati-present of <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*kelh₂d⁽ʰ⁾-</i>


kreddīti

kreddīmi (active first-person present singular)
kreddamam (active first-person imperfect singular)
kreddīsi (active present second-person singular)
kreddatās (active imperfect second-person singular)
kreddīti (active present singular third-person)
kreddato (active imperfect singular third-person)
kreddamosi (active first-person plural present)
kreddamo (active first-person imperfect plural)
kreddatesi (active plural present second-person)
kreddastē (active imperfect plural second-person)
kreddenti (active plural present third-person)
kreddanto (active imperfect plural third-person)
kreddū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
kreddesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
kreddī (active imperative second-person singular)
kreddeti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
kreddītou (active imperative singular third-person)
kreddomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
kreddamos (active first-person imperative plural)
kreddetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
kreddate (active imperative plural second-person)
kreddonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
kreddentou (active imperative plural third-person)
kreddīr (first-person passive present singular)
kreddītar (passive present second-person singular)
kreddītor (passive present singular third-person)
kreddammor (first-person passive plural present)
kreddadwe (passive plural present second-person)
kreddentor (passive plural present third-person)
kreddūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
kreddetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
kreddetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
kreddommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
kreddedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
kreddontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
kreddonts (nominative singular)
kreddonte (dual nominative)
kreddontes (nominative plural)
kreddonts (singular vocative)
kreddonte (dual vocative)
kreddontes (plural vocative)
kreddontam (accusative singular)
kreddonte (accusative dual)
kreddontans (accusative plural)
kreddantos (genitive singular)
kreddantom (genitive plural)
kreddantei (dative singular)
kreddantbom (dative dual)
kreddantbos (dative plural)
kreddantī? (instrumental singular)
kreddantbim (dual instrumental)
kreddantbis (instrumental plural)
kreddantī (nominative singular)
kreddantī (dual nominative)
kreddantiyās (nominative plural)
kreddantī (singular vocative)
kreddantī (dual vocative)
kreddantiyās (plural vocative)
kreddantīm (accusative singular)
kreddantī (accusative dual)
kreddantiyans (accusative plural)
kreddantyās (genitive singular)
kreddantyom (genitive plural)
kreddantyāi (dative singular)
kreddantyābom (dative dual)
kreddantyābos (dative plural)
kreddantyābim (dual instrumental)
kreddantyābis (instrumental plural)
kreddont (nominative singular)
kreddonta (nominative plural)
kreddont (singular vocative)
kreddonta (plural vocative)
kreddont (accusative singular)
kreddonta (accusative plural)

desctree

Proto-Brythonic: *krėdid
Middle Breton: crediff, critim
Cornish: krysi, kreji
Middle Welsh: credu
Welsh: credu

Old Irish: creitid, cretid
Irish: creid
Manx: creid, cred
Scottish Gaelic: creid

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱred dʰeh₁- (“to place one’s heart, i.e. to trust, believe”), compound phrase of oblique case form of *ḱḗr (“heart”) and *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place, set”)).
Cognates include Sanskrit श्रद्दधाति (śrad-√dhā, “to trust, believe”) and Latin crēdō (“to believe”).


marwāti

marwāmi (active first-person present singular)
marwāmam (active first-person imperfect singular)
marwasam (active first-person preterite singular)
marwāsi (active present second-person singular)
marwātās (active imperfect second-person singular)
marwass (active preterite second-person singular)
marwāti (active present singular third-person)
marwāto (active imperfect singular third-person)
marwast (active preterite singular third-person)
marwāmosi (active first-person plural present)
marwāmo (active first-person imperfect plural)
marwasme (active first-person plural preterite)
marwātesi (active plural present second-person)
marwāstē (active imperfect plural second-person)
marwaste (active plural preterite second-person)
marwānti (active plural present third-person)
marwānto (active imperfect plural third-person)
marwasant (active plural preterite third-person)
marwā (active imperative second-person singular)
marwātou (active imperative singular third-person)
marwāmos (active first-person imperative plural)
marwāte (active imperative plural second-person)
marwāntou (active imperative plural third-person)
marwār (first-person passive present singular)
marwātar (passive present second-person singular)
marwātor (passive present singular third-person)
marwāmmor (first-person passive plural present)
marwādwe (passive plural present second-person)
marwāntor (passive plural present third-person)
marwasanto (passive plural preterite third-person)
marwants (nominative singular)
marwante (dual nominative)
marwantes (nominative plural)
marwants (singular vocative)
marwante (dual vocative)
marwantes (plural vocative)
marwantam (accusative singular)
marwante (accusative dual)
marwantans (accusative plural)
marwantos (genitive singular)
marwantom (genitive plural)
marwantei (dative singular)
marwantbom (dative dual)
marwantbos (dative plural)
marwantī? (instrumental singular)
marwantbim (dual instrumental)
marwantbis (instrumental plural)
marwantī (nominative singular)
marwantī (dual nominative)
marwantiyās (nominative plural)
marwantī (singular vocative)
marwantī (dual vocative)
marwantiyās (plural vocative)
marwantīm (accusative singular)
marwantī (accusative dual)
marwantiyans (accusative plural)
marwantyās (genitive singular)
marwantyom (genitive plural)
marwantyāi (dative singular)
marwantyābom (dative dual)
marwantyābos (dative plural)
marwantyābim (dual instrumental)
marwantyābis (instrumental plural)
marwant (nominative singular)
marwanta (nominative plural)
marwant (singular vocative)
marwanta (plural vocative)
marwant (accusative singular)
marwanta (accusative plural)

desctree

Brythonic: *marwọd
Middle Breton: meruel
Breton: mervel
Middle Cornish: merwel
Cornish: merwel
Middle Welsh: merwi

Old Irish: marbaid, ·marba


snadeti

snadū (active first-person present singular)
snademam (active first-person imperfect singular)
sisnātsū (active first-person future singular)
sesnāda (active first-person preterite singular)
snadesi (active present second-person singular)
snadetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
sisnātsesi (active future second-person singular)
sesnādas? (active preterite second-person singular)
snadeti (active present singular third-person)
snadeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
sisnātseti (active future singular third-person)
sesnāde (active preterite singular third-person)
snadomosi (active first-person plural present)
snademo (active first-person imperfect plural)
sisnātsomosi (active first-person future plural)
sesnādmo (active first-person plural preterite)
snadetesi (active plural present second-person)
snadestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
sisnātsetesi (active future plural second-person)
sesnāsse (active plural preterite second-person)
snadonti (active plural present third-person)
snadento (active imperfect plural third-person)
sisnātsonti (active future plural third-person)
sesnādars (active plural preterite third-person)
snātsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
snātsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
snade (active imperative second-person singular)
snātseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
snadetou (active imperative singular third-person)
snātsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
snadomos (active first-person imperative plural)
snātsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
snadete (active imperative plural second-person)
snātsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
snadontou (active imperative plural third-person)
snadūr (first-person passive present singular)
sisnātsūr (first-person future passive singular)
sesnādra (first-person passive preterite singular)
snadetar (passive present second-person singular)
sisnātsetar (future passive second-person singular)
sesnādras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
snadetor (passive present singular third-person)
sisnātsetor (future passive singular third-person)
sesnādre (passive preterite singular third-person)
snadommor (first-person passive plural present)
sisnātsommor (first-person future passive plural)
snadedwe (passive plural present second-person)
sisnātsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
snadontor (passive plural present third-person)
sisnātsontor (future passive plural third-person)
snātsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
snātsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
snātsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
snātsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
snātsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
snātsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
snadonts (nominative singular)
snadonte (dual nominative)
snadontes (nominative plural)
snadonts (singular vocative)
snadonte (dual vocative)
snadontes (plural vocative)
snadontam (accusative singular)
snadonte (accusative dual)
snadontans (accusative plural)
snadantos (genitive singular)
snadantom (genitive plural)
snadantei (dative singular)
snadantbom (dative dual)
snadantbos (dative plural)
snadantī? (instrumental singular)
snadantbim (dual instrumental)
snadantbis (instrumental plural)
snadantī (nominative singular)
snadantī (dual nominative)
snadantiyās (nominative plural)
snadantī (singular vocative)
snadantī (dual vocative)
snadantiyās (plural vocative)
snadantīm (accusative singular)
snadantī (accusative dual)
snadantiyans (accusative plural)
snadantyās (genitive singular)
snadantyom (genitive plural)
snadantyāi (dative singular)
snadantyābom (dative dual)
snadantyābos (dative plural)
snadantyābim (dual instrumental)
snadantyābis (instrumental plural)
snadont (nominative singular)
snadonta (nominative plural)
snadont (singular vocative)
snadonta (plural vocative)
snadont (accusative singular)
snadonta (accusative plural)
snassos (nominative singular)
snassou (dual nominative)
snassoi (nominative plural)
snasse (singular vocative)
snassou (dual vocative)
snassoi (plural vocative)
snassom (accusative singular)
snassou (accusative dual)
snassons (accusative plural)
snassī (genitive singular)
snassous (dual genitive)
snassom (genitive plural)
snassūi (dative singular)
snassobom (dative dual)
snassobos (dative plural)
snassū (instrumental singular)
snassobim (dual instrumental)
snassobis (instrumental plural)
snassā (nominative singular)
snassai (dual nominative)
snassās (nominative plural)
snassā (singular vocative)
snassai (dual vocative)
snassās (plural vocative)
snassam (accusative singular)
snassai (accusative dual)
snassans (accusative plural)
snassās (genitive singular)
snassai (dative singular)
snassābom (dative dual)
snassābos (dative plural)
snassābim (dual instrumental)
snassābis (instrumental plural)
snassom (nominative singular)
snassā (nominative plural)
snassom (singular vocative)
snassā (plural vocative)
snassā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *nėðɨd
Welsh: naddu

Middle Irish: snaidid

Irish: snoigh

Scottish Gaelic: snaidh

⇒ Old Irish: in·snaid (“to insert”)

From Proto-Indo-European *sneh₂/₃dʰ (“to hew”). Cognate with Old High German snatta (“scar”). Alternatively, the root may be reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *sneHd- and related to Old Norse snata (“spear”), Old High German snazo (“pike”), Russian снасть (snastʹ, “tackle, rope”).


tumīti

tumeyū (active first-person present singular)
tumīmam (active first-person imperfect singular)
tumīsi (active present second-person singular)
tumītās (active imperfect second-person singular)
tumīti (active present singular third-person)
tumīto (active imperfect singular third-person)
tumeyomosi (active first-person plural present)
tumīmo (active first-person imperfect plural)
tumītesi (active plural present second-person)
tumīstē (active imperfect plural second-person)
tumeyonti (active plural present third-person)
tumīnto (active imperfect plural third-person)
tumī (active imperative second-person singular)
tumītou (active imperative singular third-person)
tumeyomos (active first-person imperative plural)
tumīte (active imperative plural second-person)
tumeyontou (active imperative plural third-person)
tumeyūr (first-person passive present singular)
tumītar (passive present second-person singular)
tumītor (passive present singular third-person)
tumeyommor (first-person passive plural present)
tumīdwe (passive plural present second-person)
tumeyontor (passive plural present third-person)
tumeyonts (nominative singular)
tumeyonte (dual nominative)
tumeyontes (nominative plural)
tumeyonts (singular vocative)
tumeyonte (dual vocative)
tumeyontes (plural vocative)
tumeyontam (accusative singular)
tumeyonte (accusative dual)
tumeyontans (accusative plural)
tumeyantos (genitive singular)
tumeyantom (genitive plural)
tumeyantei (dative singular)
tumeyantbom (dative dual)
tumeyantbos (dative plural)
tumeyantī? (instrumental singular)
tumeyantbim (dual instrumental)
tumeyantbis (instrumental plural)
tumeyantī (nominative singular)
tumeyantī (dual nominative)
tumeyantiyās (nominative plural)
tumeyantī (singular vocative)
tumeyantī (dual vocative)
tumeyantiyās (plural vocative)
tumeyantīm (accusative singular)
tumeyantī (accusative dual)
tumeyantiyans (accusative plural)
tumeyantyās (genitive singular)
tumeyantyom (genitive plural)
tumeyantyāi (dative singular)
tumeyantyābom (dative dual)
tumeyantyābos (dative plural)
tumeyantyābim (dual instrumental)
tumeyantyābis (instrumental plural)
tumeyont (nominative singular)
tumeyonta (nominative plural)
tumeyont (singular vocative)
tumeyonta (plural vocative)
tumeyont (accusative singular)
tumeyonta (accusative plural)

desctree

Brythonic: *tüβ̃id
Old Breton: tum
Breton: teñviñ
Middle Cornish: tevy
Cornish: tevi
Welsh: tyfu

From pre-Celtic *tuméh₁yeti. Cognate with Latin tumeo.


ɸarsketi

ɸarskū (active first-person present singular)
ɸarskemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
ɸibrixsū (active first-person future singular)
ɸebroka (active first-person preterite singular)
ɸarskesi (active present second-person singular)
ɸarsketās (active imperfect second-person singular)
ɸibrixsesi (active future second-person singular)
ɸebrokas? (active preterite second-person singular)
ɸarsketi (active present singular third-person)
ɸarsketo (active imperfect singular third-person)
ɸibrixseti (active future singular third-person)
ɸebroke (active preterite singular third-person)
ɸarskomosi (active first-person plural present)
ɸarskemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
ɸibrixsomosi (active first-person future plural)
ɸebrokmo (active first-person plural preterite)
ɸarsketesi (active plural present second-person)
ɸarskestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
ɸibrixsetesi (active future plural second-person)
ɸebroxte (active plural preterite second-person)
ɸarskonti (active plural present third-person)
ɸarskento (active imperfect plural third-person)
ɸibrixsonti (active future plural third-person)
ɸebrokars (active plural preterite third-person)
ɸrexsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
ɸrexsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
ɸarske (active imperative second-person singular)
ɸrexseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
ɸarsketou (active imperative singular third-person)
ɸrexsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
ɸarskomos (active first-person imperative plural)
ɸrexsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
ɸarskete (active imperative plural second-person)
ɸrexsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
ɸarskontou (active imperative plural third-person)
ɸarskūr (first-person passive present singular)
ɸibrixsūr (first-person future passive singular)
ɸebrokra (first-person passive preterite singular)
ɸarsketar (passive present second-person singular)
ɸibrixsetar (future passive second-person singular)
ɸebrokras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
ɸarsketor (passive present singular third-person)
ɸibrixsetor (future passive singular third-person)
ɸebrokre (passive preterite singular third-person)
ɸarskommor (first-person passive plural present)
ɸibrixsommor (first-person future passive plural)
ɸarskedwe (passive plural present second-person)
ɸibrixsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
ɸarskontor (passive plural present third-person)
ɸibrixsontor (future passive plural third-person)
ɸrexsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
ɸrexsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
ɸrexsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
ɸrexsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
ɸrexsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
ɸrexsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
ɸarskonts (nominative singular)
ɸarskonte (dual nominative)
ɸarskontes (nominative plural)
ɸarskonts (singular vocative)
ɸarskonte (dual vocative)
ɸarskontes (plural vocative)
ɸarskontam (accusative singular)
ɸarskonte (accusative dual)
ɸarskontans (accusative plural)
ɸarskantos (genitive singular)
ɸarskantom (genitive plural)
ɸarskantei (dative singular)
ɸarskantbom (dative dual)
ɸarskantbos (dative plural)
ɸarskantī? (instrumental singular)
ɸarskantbim (dual instrumental)
ɸarskantbis (instrumental plural)
ɸarskantī (nominative singular)
ɸarskantī (dual nominative)
ɸarskantiyās (nominative plural)
ɸarskantī (singular vocative)
ɸarskantī (dual vocative)
ɸarskantiyās (plural vocative)
ɸarskantīm (accusative singular)
ɸarskantī (accusative dual)
ɸarskantiyans (accusative plural)
ɸarskantyās (genitive singular)
ɸarskantyom (genitive plural)
ɸarskantyāi (dative singular)
ɸarskantyābom (dative dual)
ɸarskantyābos (dative plural)
ɸarskantyābim (dual instrumental)
ɸarskantyābis (instrumental plural)
ɸarskont (nominative singular)
ɸarskonta (nominative plural)
ɸarskont (singular vocative)
ɸarskonta (plural vocative)
ɸarskont (accusative singular)
ɸarskonta (accusative plural)

Brythonic: *ėrxɨd (secondarily transferred to the ī-verbs)
Middle Breton: archaff
Breton: arc'hiñ
Cornish: erghi
Old Welsh: erchim (verbal noun), ercit (imperative), rit·ercis (3sg. perf.)
Middle Welsh: erchi
Welsh: erchi

Old Irish: arcu


brusnati

brusnami (active first-person present singular)
brusnamam (active first-person imperfect singular)
brusnasi (active present second-person singular)
brusnatās (active imperfect second-person singular)
brusnati (active present singular third-person)
brusnato (active imperfect singular third-person)
brusnamosi (active first-person plural present)
brusnamo (active first-person imperfect plural)
brusnatesi (active plural present second-person)
brusnastē (active imperfect plural second-person)
brusnanti (active plural present third-person)
brusnanto (active imperfect plural third-person)
brusna (active imperative second-person singular)
brusnatou (active imperative singular third-person)
brusnamos (active first-person imperative plural)
brusnate (active imperative plural second-person)
brusnantou (active imperative plural third-person)
brusnar (first-person passive present singular)
brusnatar (passive present second-person singular)
brusnator (passive present singular third-person)
brusnammor (first-person passive plural present)
brusnadwe (passive plural present second-person)
brusnantor (passive plural present third-person)
brusnants (nominative singular)
brusnante (dual nominative)
brusnantes (nominative plural)
brusnants (singular vocative)
brusnante (dual vocative)
brusnantes (plural vocative)
brusnantam (accusative singular)
brusnante (accusative dual)
brusnantans (accusative plural)
brusnantos (genitive singular)
brusnantom (genitive plural)
brusnantei (dative singular)
brusnantbom (dative dual)
brusnantbos (dative plural)
brusnantī? (instrumental singular)
brusnantbim (dual instrumental)
brusnantbis (instrumental plural)
brusnantī (nominative singular)
brusnantī (dual nominative)
brusnantiyās (nominative plural)
brusnantī (singular vocative)
brusnantī (dual vocative)
brusnantiyās (plural vocative)
brusnantīm (accusative singular)
brusnantī (accusative dual)
brusnantiyans (accusative plural)
brusnantyās (genitive singular)
brusnantyom (genitive plural)
brusnantyāi (dative singular)
brusnantyābom (dative dual)
brusnantyābos (dative plural)
brusnantyābim (dual instrumental)
brusnantyābis (instrumental plural)
brusnant (nominative singular)
brusnanta (nominative plural)
brusnant (singular vocative)
brusnanta (plural vocative)
brusnant (accusative singular)
brusnanta (accusative plural)

Old Irish: bronnaid

Irish: bronn

Scottish Gaelic: bronn, pronn

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰrus-yo-, from *bʰrews- (“to break”); related to *bruseti.


āgetor

āgūr (first-person passive present singular)
āgetar (passive present second-person singular)
āgetor (passive present singular third-person)
āgommor (first-person passive plural present)
āgedwe (passive plural present second-person)
āgontor (passive plural present third-person)
āgonts (nominative singular)
āgonte (dual nominative)
āgontes (nominative plural)
āgonts (singular vocative)
āgonte (dual vocative)
āgontes (plural vocative)
āgontam (accusative singular)
āgonte (accusative dual)
āgontans (accusative plural)
āgantos (genitive singular)
āgantom (genitive plural)
āgantei (dative singular)
āgantbom (dative dual)
āgantbos (dative plural)
āgantī? (instrumental singular)
āgantbim (dual instrumental)
āgantbis (instrumental plural)
āgantī (nominative singular)
āgantī (dual nominative)
āgantiyās (nominative plural)
āgantī (singular vocative)
āgantī (dual vocative)
āgantiyās (plural vocative)
āgantīm (accusative singular)
āgantī (accusative dual)
āgantiyans (accusative plural)
āgantyās (genitive singular)
āgantyom (genitive plural)
āgantyāi (dative singular)
āgantyābom (dative dual)
āgantyābos (dative plural)
āgantyābim (dual instrumental)
āgantyābis (instrumental plural)
āgont (nominative singular)
āgonta (nominative plural)
āgont (singular vocative)
āgonta (plural vocative)
āgont (accusative singular)
āgonta (accusative plural)

⇒ Old Irish: ad·ágathar

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂ógʰe, a stative verb reinterpreted as deponent.


kengeti

kengū (active first-person present singular)
kengemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
kikanxsū (active first-person future singular)
kekonga (active first-person preterite singular)
kengesi (active present second-person singular)
kengetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
kikanxsesi (active future second-person singular)
kekongas? (active preterite second-person singular)
kengeti (active present singular third-person)
kengeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
kikanxseti (active future singular third-person)
kekonge (active preterite singular third-person)
kengomosi (active first-person plural present)
kengemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
kikanxsomosi (active first-person future plural)
kekongmo (active first-person plural preterite)
kengetesi (active plural present second-person)
kengestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
kikanxsetesi (active future plural second-person)
kekonxte (active plural preterite second-person)
kengonti (active plural present third-person)
kengento (active imperfect plural third-person)
kikanxsonti (active future plural third-person)
kekongars (active plural preterite third-person)
kenxsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
kenxsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
kenge (active imperative second-person singular)
kenxseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
kengetou (active imperative singular third-person)
kenxsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
kengomos (active first-person imperative plural)
kenxsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
kengete (active imperative plural second-person)
kenxsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
kengontou (active imperative plural third-person)
kengūr (first-person passive present singular)
kikanxsūr (first-person future passive singular)
kekongra (first-person passive preterite singular)
kengetar (passive present second-person singular)
kikanxsetar (future passive second-person singular)
kekongras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
kengetor (passive present singular third-person)
kikanxsetor (future passive singular third-person)
kekongre (passive preterite singular third-person)
kengommor (first-person passive plural present)
kikanxsommor (first-person future passive plural)
kengedwe (passive plural present second-person)
kikanxsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
kengontor (passive plural present third-person)
kikanxsontor (future passive plural third-person)
kenxsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
kenxsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
kenxsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
kenxsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
kenxsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
kenxsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
kengonts (nominative singular)
kengonte (dual nominative)
kengontes (nominative plural)
kengonts (singular vocative)
kengonte (dual vocative)
kengontes (plural vocative)
kengontam (accusative singular)
kengonte (accusative dual)
kengontans (accusative plural)
kengantos (genitive singular)
kengantom (genitive plural)
kengantei (dative singular)
kengantbom (dative dual)
kengantbos (dative plural)
kengantī? (instrumental singular)
kengantbim (dual instrumental)
kengantbis (instrumental plural)
kengantī (nominative singular)
kengantī (dual nominative)
kengantiyās (nominative plural)
kengantī (singular vocative)
kengantī (dual vocative)
kengantiyās (plural vocative)
kengantīm (accusative singular)
kengantī (accusative dual)
kengantiyans (accusative plural)
kengantyās (genitive singular)
kengantyom (genitive plural)
kengantyāi (dative singular)
kengantyābom (dative dual)
kengantyābos (dative plural)
kengantyābim (dual instrumental)
kengantyābis (instrumental plural)
kengont (nominative singular)
kengonta (nominative plural)
kengont (singular vocative)
kengonta (plural vocative)
kengont (accusative singular)
kengonta (accusative plural)
kanxtos (nominative singular)
kanxtou (dual nominative)
kanxtoi (nominative plural)
kanxte (singular vocative)
kanxtou (dual vocative)
kanxtoi (plural vocative)
kanxtom (accusative singular)
kanxtou (accusative dual)
kanxtons (accusative plural)
kanxtī (genitive singular)
kanxtous (dual genitive)
kanxtom (genitive plural)
kanxtūi (dative singular)
kanxtobom (dative dual)
kanxtobos (dative plural)
kanxtū (instrumental singular)
kanxtobim (dual instrumental)
kanxtobis (instrumental plural)
kanxtā (nominative singular)
kanxtai (dual nominative)
kanxtās (nominative plural)
kanxtā (singular vocative)
kanxtai (dual vocative)
kanxtās (plural vocative)
kanxtam (accusative singular)
kanxtai (accusative dual)
kanxtans (accusative plural)
kanxtās (genitive singular)
kanxtai (dative singular)
kanxtābom (dative dual)
kanxtābos (dative plural)
kanxtābim (dual instrumental)
kanxtābis (instrumental plural)
kanxtom (nominative singular)
kanxtā (nominative plural)
kanxtom (singular vocative)
kanxtā (plural vocative)
kanxtā (accusative plural)

Old Irish: cingid, ·cing

Irish: cinn

Two major etymologies exist.
* A more modern theory derives this from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keng- (“to limp, walk lamely”), and thus cognate with Ancient Greek σκάζω (skázō) and Proto-Germanic *hinkaną.
* A traditional theory derives this verb from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ- (“to walk, step”), relating this word to Proto-Germanic *ganganą. To arrive at the Celtic form, a dissimilatory devoicing would have to be assumed.
Both etymologies suffer from flaws.
* Derivatives of *(s)keng- usually have negative connotations of lameness across Indo-European, but this is contradicted in Celtic by the derivative *kengets (“warrior”), which has heroic connotations. This forces Schumacher to posit a basic meaning "walk" for *(s)keng- and to assume that the connotations of lameness was only secondarily acquired in daughter languages.
* On the other hand, *ǵʰengʰ- requires an irregular dissimilation to be posited, even though the semantics are closer to the Celtic verb.

der

Brill Publishers
Helmut Rix
Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben

rhygyng

Middle Welsh: rygyng, rygig (“amble, walk”, noun); Welsh


kʷrināti

kʷrināmi (active first-person present singular)
kʷrinamam (active first-person imperfect singular)
kʷikʷrīsū (active first-person future singular)
kʷikʷra (active first-person preterite singular)
kʷrināsi (active present second-person singular)
kʷrinatās (active imperfect second-person singular)
kʷikʷrīsesi (active future second-person singular)
kʷikʷras? (active preterite second-person singular)
kʷrināti (active present singular third-person)
kʷrinato (active imperfect singular third-person)
kʷikʷrīseti (active future singular third-person)
kʷikʷre (active preterite singular third-person)
kʷrinamosi (active first-person plural present)
kʷrinamo (active first-person imperfect plural)
kʷikʷrīsomosi (active first-person future plural)
kʷikʷrmo (active first-person plural preterite)
kʷrinatesi (active plural present second-person)
kʷrinastē (active imperfect plural second-person)
kʷikʷrīsetesi (active future plural second-person)
kʷikʷre (active plural preterite second-person)
kʷrinanti (active plural present third-person)
kʷrinanto (active imperfect plural third-person)
kʷikʷrīsonti (active future plural third-person)
kʷikʷrars (active plural preterite third-person)
kʷreyasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
kʷreyasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
kʷrinā (active imperative second-person singular)
kʷreyaseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
kʷrinātou (active imperative singular third-person)
kʷreyasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
kʷrinamos (active first-person imperative plural)
kʷreyasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
kʷrinate (active imperative plural second-person)
kʷreyasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
kʷrinantou (active imperative plural third-person)
kʷrinār (first-person passive present singular)
kʷikʷrīsūr (first-person future passive singular)
kʷikʷrra (first-person passive preterite singular)
kʷrinātar (passive present second-person singular)
kʷikʷrīsetar (future passive second-person singular)
kʷikʷrras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
kʷrinātor (passive present singular third-person)
kʷikʷrīsetor (future passive singular third-person)
kʷikʷrre (passive preterite singular third-person)
kʷrinammor (first-person passive plural present)
kʷikʷrīsommor (first-person future passive plural)
kʷrinadwe (passive plural present second-person)
kʷikʷrīsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
kʷrinantor (passive plural present third-person)
kʷikʷrīsontor (future passive plural third-person)
kʷreyasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
kʷreyasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
kʷreyasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
kʷreyasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
kʷreyasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
kʷreyasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
kʷrinonts (nominative singular)
kʷrinonte (dual nominative)
kʷrinontes (nominative plural)
kʷrinonts (singular vocative)
kʷrinonte (dual vocative)
kʷrinontes (plural vocative)
kʷrinontam (accusative singular)
kʷrinonte (accusative dual)
kʷrinontans (accusative plural)
kʷrinantos (genitive singular)
kʷrinantom (genitive plural)
kʷrinantei (dative singular)
kʷrinantbom (dative dual)
kʷrinantbos (dative plural)
kʷrinantī? (instrumental singular)
kʷrinantbim (dual instrumental)
kʷrinantbis (instrumental plural)
kʷrinantī (nominative singular)
kʷrinantī (dual nominative)
kʷrinantiyās (nominative plural)
kʷrinantī (singular vocative)
kʷrinantī (dual vocative)
kʷrinantiyās (plural vocative)
kʷrinantīm (accusative singular)
kʷrinantī (accusative dual)
kʷrinantiyans (accusative plural)
kʷrinantyās (genitive singular)
kʷrinantyom (genitive plural)
kʷrinantyāi (dative singular)
kʷrinantyābom (dative dual)
kʷrinantyābos (dative plural)
kʷrinantyābim (dual instrumental)
kʷrinantyābis (instrumental plural)
kʷrinont (nominative singular)
kʷrinonta (nominative plural)
kʷrinont (singular vocative)
kʷrinonta (plural vocative)
kʷrinont (accusative singular)
kʷrinonta (accusative plural)
kʷrītos (nominative singular)
kʷrītou (dual nominative)
kʷrītoi (nominative plural)
kʷrīte (singular vocative)
kʷrītou (dual vocative)
kʷrītoi (plural vocative)
kʷrītom (accusative singular)
kʷrītou (accusative dual)
kʷrītons (accusative plural)
kʷrītī (genitive singular)
kʷrītous (dual genitive)
kʷrītom (genitive plural)
kʷrītūi (dative singular)
kʷrītobom (dative dual)
kʷrītobos (dative plural)
kʷrītū (instrumental singular)
kʷrītobim (dual instrumental)
kʷrītobis (instrumental plural)
kʷrītā (nominative singular)
kʷrītai (dual nominative)
kʷrītās (nominative plural)
kʷrītā (singular vocative)
kʷrītai (dual vocative)
kʷrītās (plural vocative)
kʷrītam (accusative singular)
kʷrītai (accusative dual)
kʷrītans (accusative plural)
kʷrītās (genitive singular)
kʷrītai (dative singular)
kʷrītābom (dative dual)
kʷrītābos (dative plural)
kʷrītābim (dual instrumental)
kʷrītābis (instrumental plural)
kʷrītom (nominative singular)
kʷrītā (nominative plural)
kʷrītom (singular vocative)
kʷrītā (plural vocative)
kʷrītā (accusative plural)

desctree

Brythonic: *prɨnad
Old Breton: prenaff
Breton: prenañ
Old Cornish: prinid
Middle Cornish: prenne
Cornish: prena, perna
Middle Welsh: prynnu
Welsh: prynu

Old Irish: crenaid

Irish: crean (“obtain, purchase”)

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷri-né-h₂-ti ~ *kʷri-n-h₂-énti.


damyeti

damyū (active first-person present singular)
damyemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
didamāsū (active first-person future singular)
damyesi (active present second-person singular)
damyetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
didamāsesi (active future second-person singular)
damyeti (active present singular third-person)
damyeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
didamāseti (active future singular third-person)
damyomosi (active first-person plural present)
damyemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
didamāsomosi (active first-person future plural)
damyetesi (active plural present second-person)
damyestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
didamāsetesi (active future plural second-person)
damyonti (active plural present third-person)
damyento (active imperfect plural third-person)
didamāsonti (active future plural third-person)
damasū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
damasesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
damye (active imperative second-person singular)
damaseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
damyetou (active imperative singular third-person)
damasomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
damyomos (active first-person imperative plural)
damasetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
damyete (active imperative plural second-person)
damasonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
damyontou (active imperative plural third-person)
damyūr (first-person passive present singular)
didamāsūr (first-person future passive singular)
damyetar (passive present second-person singular)
didamāsetar (future passive second-person singular)
damyetor (passive present singular third-person)
didamāsetor (future passive singular third-person)
damyommor (first-person passive plural present)
didamāsommor (first-person future passive plural)
damyedwe (passive plural present second-person)
didamāsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
damyontor (passive plural present third-person)
didamāsontor (future passive plural third-person)
damasūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
damasetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
damasetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
damasommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
damasedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
damasontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
damyonts (nominative singular)
damyonte (dual nominative)
damyontes (nominative plural)
damyonts (singular vocative)
damyonte (dual vocative)
damyontes (plural vocative)
damyontam (accusative singular)
damyonte (accusative dual)
damyontans (accusative plural)
damyantos (genitive singular)
damyantom (genitive plural)
damyantei (dative singular)
damyantbom (dative dual)
damyantbos (dative plural)
damyantī? (instrumental singular)
damyantbim (dual instrumental)
damyantbis (instrumental plural)
damyantī (nominative singular)
damyantī (dual nominative)
damyantiyās (nominative plural)
damyantī (singular vocative)
damyantī (dual vocative)
damyantiyās (plural vocative)
damyantīm (accusative singular)
damyantī (accusative dual)
damyantiyans (accusative plural)
damyantyās (genitive singular)
damyantyom (genitive plural)
damyantyāi (dative singular)
damyantyābom (dative dual)
damyantyābos (dative plural)
damyantyābim (dual instrumental)
damyantyābis (instrumental plural)
damyont (nominative singular)
damyonta (nominative plural)
damyont (singular vocative)
damyonta (plural vocative)
damyont (accusative singular)
damyonta (accusative plural)
dantos (nominative singular)
dantou (dual nominative)
dantoi (nominative plural)
dante (singular vocative)
dantou (dual vocative)
dantoi (plural vocative)
dantom (accusative singular)
dantou (accusative dual)
dantons (accusative plural)
dantī (genitive singular)
dantous (dual genitive)
dantom (genitive plural)
dantūi (dative singular)
dantobom (dative dual)
dantobos (dative plural)
dantū (instrumental singular)
dantobim (dual instrumental)
dantobis (instrumental plural)
dantā (nominative singular)
dantai (dual nominative)
dantās (nominative plural)
dantā (singular vocative)
dantai (dual vocative)
dantās (plural vocative)
dantam (accusative singular)
dantai (accusative dual)
dantans (accusative plural)
dantās (genitive singular)
dantai (dative singular)
dantābom (dative dual)
dantābos (dative plural)
dantābim (dual instrumental)
dantābis (instrumental plural)
dantom (nominative singular)
dantā (nominative plural)
dantom (singular vocative)
dantā (plural vocative)
dantā (accusative plural)

Old Irish: daimid

From Proto-Indo-European *demh₂- (“to tame”).


dligeti

dligū (active first-person present singular)
dligemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
didlixsū (active first-person future singular)
dligam (active first-person preterite singular)
dligesi (active present second-person singular)
dligetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
didlixsesi (active future second-person singular)
dlixs (active preterite second-person singular)
dligeti (active present singular third-person)
dligeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
didlixseti (active future singular third-person)
dlixt (active preterite singular third-person)
dligomosi (active first-person plural present)
dligemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
didlixsomosi (active first-person future plural)
dligme (active first-person plural preterite)
dligetesi (active plural present second-person)
dligestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
didlixsetesi (active future plural second-person)
dlixte (active plural preterite second-person)
dligonti (active plural present third-person)
dligento (active imperfect plural third-person)
didlixsonti (active future plural third-person)
dligant (active plural preterite third-person)
dlexsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
dlexsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
dlige (active imperative second-person singular)
dlexseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
dligetou (active imperative singular third-person)
dlexsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
dligomos (active first-person imperative plural)
dlexsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
dligete (active imperative plural second-person)
dlexsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
dligontou (active imperative plural third-person)
dligūr (first-person passive present singular)
didlixsūr (first-person future passive singular)
dligetar (passive present second-person singular)
didlixsetar (future passive second-person singular)
dligetor (passive present singular third-person)
didlixsetor (future passive singular third-person)
dligommor (first-person passive plural present)
didlixsommor (first-person future passive plural)
dligedwe (passive plural present second-person)
didlixsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
dligontor (passive plural present third-person)
didlixsontor (future passive plural third-person)
dliganto (passive plural preterite third-person)
dlexsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
dlexsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
dlexsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
dlexsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
dlexsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
dlexsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
dligonts (nominative singular)
dligonte (dual nominative)
dligontes (nominative plural)
dligonts (singular vocative)
dligonte (dual vocative)
dligontes (plural vocative)
dligontam (accusative singular)
dligonte (accusative dual)
dligontans (accusative plural)
dligantos (genitive singular)
dligantom (genitive plural)
dligantei (dative singular)
dligantbom (dative dual)
dligantbos (dative plural)
dligantī? (instrumental singular)
dligantbim (dual instrumental)
dligantbis (instrumental plural)
dligantī (nominative singular)
dligantī (dual nominative)
dligantiyās (nominative plural)
dligantī (singular vocative)
dligantī (dual vocative)
dligantiyās (plural vocative)
dligantīm (accusative singular)
dligantī (accusative dual)
dligantiyans (accusative plural)
dligantyās (genitive singular)
dligantyom (genitive plural)
dligantyāi (dative singular)
dligantyābom (dative dual)
dligantyābos (dative plural)
dligantyābim (dual instrumental)
dligantyābis (instrumental plural)
dligont (nominative singular)
dligonta (nominative plural)
dligont (singular vocative)
dligonta (plural vocative)
dligont (accusative singular)
dligonta (accusative plural)
dlixtos (nominative singular)
dlixtou (dual nominative)
dlixtoi (nominative plural)
dlixte (singular vocative)
dlixtou (dual vocative)
dlixtoi (plural vocative)
dlixtom (accusative singular)
dlixtou (accusative dual)
dlixtons (accusative plural)
dlixtī (genitive singular)
dlixtous (dual genitive)
dlixtom (genitive plural)
dlixtūi (dative singular)
dlixtobom (dative dual)
dlixtobos (dative plural)
dlixtū (instrumental singular)
dlixtobim (dual instrumental)
dlixtobis (instrumental plural)
dlixtā (nominative singular)
dlixtai (dual nominative)
dlixtās (nominative plural)
dlixtā (singular vocative)
dlixtai (dual vocative)
dlixtās (plural vocative)
dlixtam (accusative singular)
dlixtai (accusative dual)
dlixtans (accusative plural)
dlixtās (genitive singular)
dlixtai (dative singular)
dlixtābom (dative dual)
dlixtābos (dative plural)
dlixtābim (dual instrumental)
dlixtābis (instrumental plural)
dlixtom (nominative singular)
dlixtā (nominative plural)
dlixtom (singular vocative)
dlixtā (plural vocative)
dlixtā (accusative plural)

Proto-Brythonic: *dɨlɣɨd

Middle Breton: dleout (“must”)

Breton: dleout

Middle Cornish: dylly

Cornish: tyli (“to owe”)

desc

Middle Welsh: dylyu, dlyu (“to be entitled to; to be obligated to”)

Welsh: dylu (“ought”)

desctree

Old Irish: dligid (“to be entitled to”)
Irish: dligh
Scottish Gaelic: dligh

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰlégʰ-ti ~ *dʰl̥gʰ-énti, from *dʰlegʰ- (“to be entitled to, to be obligated to”).


glanndeti

glanndū (active first-person present singular)
glanndemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
giglantsū (active first-person future singular)
geglonda (active first-person preterite singular)
glanndesi (active present second-person singular)
glanndetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
giglantsesi (active future second-person singular)
geglondas? (active preterite second-person singular)
glanndeti (active present singular third-person)
glanndeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
giglantseti (active future singular third-person)
geglonde (active preterite singular third-person)
glanndomosi (active first-person plural present)
glanndemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
giglantsomosi (active first-person future plural)
geglondmo (active first-person plural preterite)
glanndetesi (active plural present second-person)
glanndestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
giglantsetesi (active future plural second-person)
geglonsse (active plural preterite second-person)
glanndonti (active plural present third-person)
glanndento (active imperfect plural third-person)
giglantsonti (active future plural third-person)
geglondars (active plural preterite third-person)
glentsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
glentsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
glannde (active imperative second-person singular)
glentseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
glanndetou (active imperative singular third-person)
glentsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
glanndomos (active first-person imperative plural)
glentsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
glanndete (active imperative plural second-person)
glentsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
glanndontou (active imperative plural third-person)
glanndūr (first-person passive present singular)
giglantsūr (first-person future passive singular)
geglondra (first-person passive preterite singular)
glanndetar (passive present second-person singular)
giglantsetar (future passive second-person singular)
geglondras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
glanndetor (passive present singular third-person)
giglantsetor (future passive singular third-person)
geglondre (passive preterite singular third-person)
glanndommor (first-person passive plural present)
giglantsommor (first-person future passive plural)
glanndedwe (passive plural present second-person)
giglantsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
glanndontor (passive plural present third-person)
giglantsontor (future passive plural third-person)
glentsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
glentsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
glentsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
glentsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
glentsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
glentsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
glanndonts (nominative singular)
glanndonte (dual nominative)
glanndontes (nominative plural)
glanndonts (singular vocative)
glanndonte (dual vocative)
glanndontes (plural vocative)
glanndontam (accusative singular)
glanndonte (accusative dual)
glanndontans (accusative plural)
glanndantos (genitive singular)
glanndantom (genitive plural)
glanndantei (dative singular)
glanndantbom (dative dual)
glanndantbos (dative plural)
glanndantī? (instrumental singular)
glanndantbim (dual instrumental)
glanndantbis (instrumental plural)
glanndantī (nominative singular)
glanndantī (dual nominative)
glanndantiyās (nominative plural)
glanndantī (singular vocative)
glanndantī (dual vocative)
glanndantiyās (plural vocative)
glanndantīm (accusative singular)
glanndantī (accusative dual)
glanndantiyans (accusative plural)
glanndantyās (genitive singular)
glanndantyom (genitive plural)
glanndantyāi (dative singular)
glanndantyābom (dative dual)
glanndantyābos (dative plural)
glanndantyābim (dual instrumental)
glanndantyābis (instrumental plural)
glanndont (nominative singular)
glanndonta (nominative plural)
glanndont (singular vocative)
glanndonta (plural vocative)
glanndont (accusative singular)
glanndonta (accusative plural)
glansos (nominative singular)
glansou (dual nominative)
glansoi (nominative plural)
glanse (singular vocative)
glansou (dual vocative)
glansoi (plural vocative)
glansom (accusative singular)
glansou (accusative dual)
glansons (accusative plural)
glansī (genitive singular)
glansous (dual genitive)
glansom (genitive plural)
glansūi (dative singular)
glansobom (dative dual)
glansobos (dative plural)
glansū (instrumental singular)
glansobim (dual instrumental)
glansobis (instrumental plural)
glansā (nominative singular)
glansai (dual nominative)
glansās (nominative plural)
glansā (singular vocative)
glansai (dual vocative)
glansās (plural vocative)
glansam (accusative singular)
glansai (accusative dual)
glansans (accusative plural)
glansās (genitive singular)
glansai (dative singular)
glansābom (dative dual)
glansābos (dative plural)
glansābim (dual instrumental)
glansābis (instrumental plural)
glansom (nominative singular)
glansā (nominative plural)
glansom (singular vocative)
glansā (plural vocative)
glansā (accusative plural)

Old Irish: ·gleinn

From Proto-Indo-European Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰlendʰ- (“show, shine”).


gniyeti

gniyū (active first-person present singular)
gniyemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
gignāsū (active first-person future singular)
gegnū (active first-person preterite singular)
gniyesi (active present second-person singular)
gniyetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
gignāsesi (active future second-person singular)
gegnūs (active preterite second-person singular)
gniyeti (active present singular third-person)
gniyeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
gignāseti (active future singular third-person)
gegnū (active preterite singular third-person)
gniyomosi (active first-person plural present)
gniyemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
gignāsomosi (active first-person future plural)
gegnamo (active first-person plural preterite)
gniyetesi (active plural present second-person)
gniyestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
gignāsetesi (active future plural second-person)
gegnate (active plural preterite second-person)
gniyonti (active plural present third-person)
gniyento (active imperfect plural third-person)
gignāsonti (active future plural third-person)
gegnars (active plural preterite third-person)
gnīsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
gnīsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
gniye (active imperative second-person singular)
gnīseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
gniyetou (active imperative singular third-person)
gnīsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
gniyomos (active first-person imperative plural)
gnīsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
gniyete (active imperative plural second-person)
gnīsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
gniyontou (active imperative plural third-person)
gniyūr (first-person passive present singular)
gignāsūr (first-person future passive singular)
gniyetar (passive present second-person singular)
gignāsetar (future passive second-person singular)
gniyetor (passive present singular third-person)
gignāsetor (future passive singular third-person)
gniyommor (first-person passive plural present)
gignāsommor (first-person future passive plural)
gniyedwe (passive plural present second-person)
gignāsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
gniyontor (passive plural present third-person)
gignāsontor (future passive plural third-person)
gnīsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
gnīsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
gnīsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
gnīsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
gnīsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
gnīsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
gniyonts (nominative singular)
gniyonte (dual nominative)
gniyontes (nominative plural)
gniyonts (singular vocative)
gniyonte (dual vocative)
gniyontes (plural vocative)
gniyontam (accusative singular)
gniyonte (accusative dual)
gniyontans (accusative plural)
gniyantos (genitive singular)
gniyantom (genitive plural)
gniyantei (dative singular)
gniyantbom (dative dual)
gniyantbos (dative plural)
gniyantī? (instrumental singular)
gniyantbim (dual instrumental)
gniyantbis (instrumental plural)
gniyantī (nominative singular)
gniyantī (dual nominative)
gniyantiyās (nominative plural)
gniyantī (singular vocative)
gniyantī (dual vocative)
gniyantiyās (plural vocative)
gniyantīm (accusative singular)
gniyantī (accusative dual)
gniyantiyans (accusative plural)
gniyantyās (genitive singular)
gniyantyom (genitive plural)
gniyantyāi (dative singular)
gniyantyābom (dative dual)
gniyantyābos (dative plural)
gniyantyābim (dual instrumental)
gniyantyābis (instrumental plural)
gniyont (nominative singular)
gniyonta (nominative plural)
gniyont (singular vocative)
gniyonta (plural vocative)
gniyont (accusative singular)
gniyonta (accusative plural)
gnatos (nominative singular)
gnatou (dual nominative)
gnatoi (nominative plural)
gnate (singular vocative)
gnatou (dual vocative)
gnatoi (plural vocative)
gnatom (accusative singular)
gnatou (accusative dual)
gnatons (accusative plural)
gnatī (genitive singular)
gnatous (dual genitive)
gnatom (genitive plural)
gnatūi (dative singular)
gnatobom (dative dual)
gnatobos (dative plural)
gnatū (instrumental singular)
gnatobim (dual instrumental)
gnatobis (instrumental plural)
gnatā (nominative singular)
gnatai (dual nominative)
gnatās (nominative plural)
gnatā (singular vocative)
gnatai (dual vocative)
gnatās (plural vocative)
gnatam (accusative singular)
gnatai (accusative dual)
gnatans (accusative plural)
gnatās (genitive singular)
gnatai (dative singular)
gnatābom (dative dual)
gnatābos (dative plural)
gnatābim (dual instrumental)
gnatābis (instrumental plural)
gnatom (nominative singular)
gnatā (nominative plural)
gnatom (singular vocative)
gnatā (plural vocative)
gnatā (accusative plural)

Old Irish: gníid, ·gní

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget”).


lungeti

lungū (active first-person present singular)
lungemam (active first-person imperfect singular)
liluxsū (active first-person future singular)
lelouga (active first-person preterite singular)
lungesi (active present second-person singular)
lungetās (active imperfect second-person singular)
liluxsesi (active future second-person singular)
lelougas? (active preterite second-person singular)
lungeti (active present singular third-person)
lungeto (active imperfect singular third-person)
liluxseti (active future singular third-person)
lelouge (active preterite singular third-person)
lungomosi (active first-person plural present)
lungemo (active first-person imperfect plural)
liluxsomosi (active first-person future plural)
lelougmo (active first-person plural preterite)
lungetesi (active plural present second-person)
lungestē (active imperfect plural second-person)
liluxsetesi (active future plural second-person)
lelouxte (active plural preterite second-person)
lungonti (active plural present third-person)
lungento (active imperfect plural third-person)
liluxsonti (active future plural third-person)
lelougars (active plural preterite third-person)
lounxsū (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
lounxsesi (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
lunge (active imperative second-person singular)
lounxseti (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
lungetou (active imperative singular third-person)
lounxsomosi (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
lungomos (active first-person imperative plural)
lounxsetesi (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
lungete (active imperative plural second-person)
lounxsonti (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
lungontou (active imperative plural third-person)
lungūr (first-person passive present singular)
liluxsūr (first-person future passive singular)
lelougra (first-person passive preterite singular)
lungetar (passive present second-person singular)
liluxsetar (future passive second-person singular)
lelougras? (passive preterite second-person singular)
lungetor (passive present singular third-person)
liluxsetor (future passive singular third-person)
lelougre (passive preterite singular third-person)
lungommor (first-person passive plural present)
liluxsommor (first-person future passive plural)
lungedwe (passive plural present second-person)
liluxsedwe (future passive plural second-person)
lungontor (passive plural present third-person)
liluxsontor (future passive plural third-person)
lounxsūr (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
lounxsetar (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
lounxsetor (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
lounxsommor (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
lounxsedwe (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
lounxsontor (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
lungonts (nominative singular)
lungonte (dual nominative)
lungontes (nominative plural)
lungonts (singular vocative)
lungonte (dual vocative)
lungontes (plural vocative)
lungontam (accusative singular)
lungonte (accusative dual)
lungontans (accusative plural)
lungantos (genitive singular)
lungantom (genitive plural)
lungantei (dative singular)
lungantbom (dative dual)
lungantbos (dative plural)
lungantī? (instrumental singular)
lungantbim (dual instrumental)
lungantbis (instrumental plural)
lungantī (nominative singular)
lungantī (dual nominative)
lungantiyās (nominative plural)
lungantī (singular vocative)
lungantī (dual vocative)
lungantiyās (plural vocative)
lungantīm (accusative singular)
lungantī (accusative dual)
lungantiyans (accusative plural)
lungantyās (genitive singular)
lungantyom (genitive plural)
lungantyāi (dative singular)
lungantyābom (dative dual)
lungantyābos (dative plural)
lungantyābim (dual instrumental)
lungantyābis (instrumental plural)
lungont (nominative singular)
lungonta (nominative plural)
lungont (singular vocative)
lungonta (plural vocative)
lungont (accusative singular)
lungonta (accusative plural)
luxtos (nominative singular)
luxtou (dual nominative)
luxtoi (nominative plural)
luxte (singular vocative)
luxtou (dual vocative)
luxtoi (plural vocative)
luxtom (accusative singular)
luxtou (accusative dual)
luxtons (accusative plural)
luxtī (genitive singular)
luxtous (dual genitive)
luxtom (genitive plural)
luxtūi (dative singular)
luxtobom (dative dual)
luxtobos (dative plural)
luxtū (instrumental singular)
luxtobim (dual instrumental)
luxtobis (instrumental plural)
luxtā (nominative singular)
luxtai (dual nominative)
luxtās (nominative plural)
luxtā (singular vocative)
luxtai (dual vocative)
luxtās (plural vocative)
luxtam (accusative singular)
luxtai (accusative dual)
luxtans (accusative plural)
luxtās (genitive singular)
luxtai (dative singular)
luxtābom (dative dual)
luxtābos (dative plural)
luxtābim (dual instrumental)
luxtābis (instrumental plural)
luxtom (nominative singular)
luxtā (nominative plural)
luxtom (singular vocative)
luxtā (plural vocative)
luxtā (accusative plural)

Gaulish: lunget

From Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to bend”). Cognate with Latin luctor (“to wrestle”) and Old English lūcan (“to lock”).

Proto-Brythonic: *ėllüngɨdOld Welsh: ellyngyMiddle Welsh: ellwng

Old Irish: fo·loingIrish: fulaingScottish Gaelic: fuiling