𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णत्तिअ</i>

ṇattia (romanization)
णत्तिअ (Devanagari)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀑 (nominative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆 (plural vocative)

desctree

Apabhramsa: णत्तिअ (ṇattia)
Central Indo-Aryan:
Old Hindi: नांती (nāṃtī)
Bundeli: नाती (nātī)
Haryanvi: नात्ती (nāttī), नाती (nātī)
Kannauji: नाती
Middle Hindi: ناتی (naty /nātī/)
Hindustani: nātī
Hindi: नाती
Urdu: ناتِی
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
Middle Bengali: নাতি (nati), নাতিআ (natia)
Bengali: নাতি (nati)
Odia: ନାତି (nāti)
Northern Indo-Aryan:
Nepali: नाति (nāti), नाती (nātī)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *népōts
Proto-Indo-Iranian *nápāts
Sanskrit नपा॑त् (nápāt)
Sanskrit नप्तृ॑ (náptṛ)
Prakrit 𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅 (ṇattia)
Inherited from Sanskrit नप्तृ॑ (náptṛ) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-).


𑀫𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मण</i>

maṇa (romanization)
मण (Devanagari)
𑀫𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Apabhramsa: maṇa (see there for further descendants)

Devanagari script: मण

Sharada script: 𑆩𑆟

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *men-
Proto-Indo-European *ménos
Proto-Indo-Iranian *mánas
Sanskrit मनस् (manas)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀡 (maṇa)
Inherited from Sanskrit मनस् (manas).


णत्तिअ

ṇattia (romanization)
णत्तिओ (nominative singular)
णत्तिआ (nominative plural)
णत्तिअं (accusative singular)
णत्तिए (accusative plural)
णत्तिआ (accusative plural)
णत्तिएण (instrumental singular)
णत्तिएणं (instrumental singular)
णत्तिएहि (instrumental plural)
णत्तिएहिं (instrumental plural)
णत्तिआअ (dative singular)
णत्तिआओ (ablative singular)
णत्तिआउ (ablative singular)
णत्तिआ (ablative singular)
णत्तिआहि (ablative singular)
णत्तिआहिंतो (ablative singular)
णत्तिअस्स (genitive singular)
णत्तिआण (genitive plural)
णत्तिआणं (genitive plural)
णत्तिअम्मि (locative singular)
णत्तिए (locative singular)
णत्तिएसु (locative plural)
णत्तिएसुं (locative plural)
णत्तिअ (singular vocative)
णत्तिआ (singular vocative)
णत्तिआ (plural vocative)

𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅 𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅#Prakrit


𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">हिक्का</i>

hikkā (romanization)
हिक्का (Devanagari)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindi: हीक (hīk)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: હીક (hīk)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit हिक्क् (hikk)
Sanskrit हिक्का (hikkā)
Prakrit 𑀳𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸 (hikkā)
Inherited from Sanskrit हिक्का (hikkā). Cognate with Pali hikkā.


𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सत्तु</i>

sattu (romanization)
सत्तु (Devanagari)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀡𑁄 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀡𑁄 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀡𑀸 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀡𑁄 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀽 (singular vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit शत्रु (śatru). Cognate with Pali sattu.


𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼

Central Indo-Aryan:

Awadhi: सेतुआ (setuā)

Hindustani:

Hindi: सत्तू (sattū), सातू (sātū)

Urdu: سَتُّو (sattū), سَاتُو (sātū)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: ছাতু (chatu)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: सत्तू (sattū)

Maithili: सतुआ (satuā)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

desc

Sinhalese: [script needed] (hat), [script needed] (at), [script needed] (atu)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Kumaoni: सातू, हातू

Nepali: सातु (sātu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸੱਤੂ (sattū)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi: सातु (sātu)

Marathi: सातु (sātu)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: સાતુ (sātu), સાતવો (sātvo)

Inherited from Sanskrit सक्तु॑ (sáktu). Cognate with Pali sattu, satthu.


सत्तु

sattu (romanization)
सत्तू (nominative singular)
सत्तुणो (nominative plural)
सत्तू (nominative plural)
सत्तूओ (nominative plural)
सत्तओ (nominative plural)
सत्तउ (nominative plural)
सत्तुं (accusative singular)
सत्तुणो (accusative plural)
सत्तू (accusative plural)
सत्तुणा (instrumental singular)
सत्तूहि (instrumental plural)
सत्तूहिं (instrumental plural)
सत्तूओ (ablative singular)
सत्तूउ (ablative singular)
सत्तुणो (genitive singular)
सत्तुस्स (genitive singular)
सत्तूण (genitive plural)
सत्तूणं (genitive plural)
सत्तुम्मि (locative singular)
सत्तूसु (locative plural)
सत्तूसुं (locative plural)
सत्तु (singular vocative)
सत्तू (singular vocative)

𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼 𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼#Prakrit


𑀆𑀯𑁂𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">आवेइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಆವೇಇ</i>

𑀆𑀯𑁂𑀇 (āvei) (Devanagari आवेइ, Kannada ಆವೇಇ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

āvei (romanization)
आवेइ (Devanagari)
ಆವೇಇ (Kannada)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: आना (ānā)

Urdu: آنا (ānā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Odia: ଆଇବା (āibā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: आउनु (āunu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Old Punjabi: ਆਵਣਾ (āvaṇā)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਆਉਣਾ (āuṇā)

Shahmukhi script: آوݨا (āvṇā)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati: आविवउं (āvivaüṃ)

desctree

Middle Gujarati: आविवउं
Gujarati: આવવું (āvavũ)

Mewari: आणो (āṇo)

Romani: avel

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-
Sanskrit आप् (āp)
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
Sanskrit -अयति (-ayati)
Sanskrit आपयति (āpayati)
Prakrit 𑀆𑀯𑁂𑀇 (āvei)
Inherited from Sanskrit आपयति (āpayati), from आप् (āp) + -अयति (-ayati). Cognate with Pali āpeti.


𑀯𑀲𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">वसइ</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

desc

Hindi: बसना (basnā, “to prosper; settle”)

Urdu: بَسْنَا (basnā)

Old Awadhi: बसइ (basaï)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

× <i class="Brah mention" lang="pra">𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇</i> (uvavisaï)

Bengali–Assamese: (× 𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇 (uvavisaï))

Early Assamese: বস্ (bos)

Assamese: বহ (boh)

Bengali: বসা (bośa)

Sylheti: ꠛꠃꠣ (boua)

Bihari:

Maithili: बसब (basab)

Odia: (× 𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇 (uvavisaï)) ବସିବା (basibā)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: වසනවා (wasanawā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Kumaoni: बसणो

Nepali: (× 𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇 (uvavisaï)) बस्नु (basnu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Punjabi: (× 𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇 (uvavisaï)) ਬਹਿਣਾ (bahiṇā)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: वसणे (vasṇe)

Konkani: वस्चे (vasce)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: વસવું (vasvũ)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéseti
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwásati
Sanskrit वस॑ति (vásati)
Prakrit 𑀯𑀲𑀇 (vasaï)
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀯𑀲𑀢𑀺 (vasati), from Sanskrit वस॑ति (vásati).


𑀤𑁂𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">देक्खइ</i>

dĕkkhaï (romanization)
देक्खइ (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Awadhi: देखब (dekhab)

Braj: देखन (dekhan)

Hindustani:

Hindi: देखना (dekhnā)

Urdu: دیکْھنا (dekhnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: দেখা (dekha)

Bengali: দেখা (dekha)

Sylheti: ꠖꠦꠈꠣ (dexá)

Bihari:

Maithili: देखब (dēkhab)

Odia: ଦେଖିବା (dekhibā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Kumaoni: देखणो

Nepali: देख्नु (dekhnu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਦੇਖਣਾ (dekhṇā)

Saraiki: ݙیکَھݨ (ḏekhaṇ)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڏيکَڻُ (ḏekhaṇu)

Devanagari script: ॾेखणु (ḏekhaṇu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: देखणे (dekhṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: દેખવું (dekhvũ)

Marwari: देखणौ (dekhṇau)

Romani: dikhel

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *derḱ-
Sanskrit दृश् (dṛś)der.
Proto-Indo-European *per-
Proto-Indo-European *pró
Proto-Indo-European *pro-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pra-
Sanskrit प्र- (pra-)
Sanskrit ईक्ष॑ते (ī́kṣate)
Sanskrit प्रेक्ष॑ते (prékṣate)influ.?
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀤𑁂𑀔𑀢𑀺 (dekhati)
Prakrit 𑀤𑁂𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (dĕkkhaï)
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀤𑁂𑀔𑀢𑀺 (dekhati), from Sanskrit दृश् (dṛś), from Proto-Indo-European *derḱ-.
Turner suggests that -e- developed from analogy with Sanskrit प्रेक्षते (prekṣate, “to see”), which is from प्रेक्ष् (prekṣ, “to look, regard”), a compound of प्र- (pra-) + ईक्ष् (īkṣ, “to see, look”).


𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उवविट्ठ</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">ઉવવિટ્ઠ</i>

𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞 (uvaviṭṭha) (Devanagari उवविट्ठ, Gujarati ઉવવિટ્ઠ)

uvaviṭṭha (romanization)
उवविट्ठ (Devanagari)
ઉવવિટ્ઠ (Gujarati)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit उप- (upa-)
Proto-Indo-European *weyḱ-
Sanskrit विश् (viś)
Sanskrit उपविश् (upaviś)
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *-tás
Sanskrit -त (-ta)
Sanskrit उपविष्ट (upaviṣṭa)
Prakrit 𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞 (uvaviṭṭha)
Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀉𑀧𑀯𑀺𑀱𑁆𑀝 (upaviṣṭa).


𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞

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𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞 (uvaviṭṭha) (Devanagari उवविट्ठ)

uvaviṭṭha (romanization)
उवविट्ठ (Devanagari)

desc

Apabhramsa: बइट्ठउ (baïṭṭhaü), बइट्ठइ (baïṭṭhaï)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani: baiṭhā, baiṭhnā

Hindi: बैठा, ⇒ बैठना

Hindi: बैठा, ⇒ बैठना

Urdu: بَیٹھا, ⇒ بَیٹھنا

Urdu: بَیٹھا, ⇒ بَیٹھنا

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bihari:

⇒ Bhojpuri: baīṭhal

Devanagari script: बईठल

Kaithi script: 𑂥𑂆𑂘𑂪

⇒ Maithili: baiṭhab

Devanagari script: बैठब

Tirhuta script: 𑒥𑒻𑒚𑒥

⇒ Odia: ବଇଠିବା (baiṭhibā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Western Pahari:

⇒ Kumaoni: बैठणो

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: baiṭhā, baiṭhṇā

Gurmukhi script: ਬੈਠਾ, ⇒ ਬੈਠਣਾ

Shahmukhi script: بَیٹھا, ⇒ بَیٹھݨا

Sindhi: veṭho

Arabic script: ويٺو

Devanagari script: वेठो

Khudabadi script: 𑋛𑋥𑋇𑋧

Southern Indo-Aryan:

⇒ Old Marathi: baiṭhaṇe

Devanagari script: बैठणे

Modi script: 𑘤𑘺𑘙𑘜𑘹

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati: बइठउ (baïṭhaü)

Middle Gujarati: बइठउ

Gujarati: બેઠું (beṭhũ)

𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇 𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇#Prakrit


𑀧𑁂𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पेक्खइ</i>

pĕkkhaï (romanization)
पेक्खइ (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Awadhi: पेखइ (pekhaï)

Hindustani:

Hindi: पेखना (pekhnā)

Urdu: پیکھْنا (pekhnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Middle Bengali: পেখা (pekha)

Bengali: (obsolete) পেখা (pekha)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਪੇਖਣਾ (pekhṇā)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: पेखणे (pekhṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: પેખવું (pekhvũ)

Romani: pićel

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-
Proto-Indo-European *pró
Proto-Indo-European *pro-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pra-
Sanskrit प्र- (pra-)
Sanskrit ईक्ष॑ते (ī́kṣate)
Sanskrit प्रेक्ष॑ते (prékṣate)
Prakrit 𑀧𑁂𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (pĕkkhaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit प्रेक्ष॑ते (prékṣate), from प्र- (pra-) + ईक्ष॑ते (ī́kṣate). Cognate with Pali pekkhati.

etymon

sa>प्रेक्ष॑ते>see


मत्तवाल

mattavāla (romanization)
मत्तवालो (nominative singular)
मत्तवाला (nominative plural)
मत्तवालं (accusative singular)
मत्तवाले (accusative plural)
मत्तवाला (accusative plural)
मत्तवालेण (instrumental singular)
मत्तवालेणं (instrumental singular)
मत्तवालेहि (instrumental plural)
मत्तवालेहिं (instrumental plural)
मत्तवालाअ (dative singular)
मत्तवालाओ (ablative singular)
मत्तवालाउ (ablative singular)
मत्तवाला (ablative singular)
मत्तवालाहि (ablative singular)
मत्तवालाहिंतो (ablative singular)
मत्तवालस्स (genitive singular)
मत्तवालाण (genitive plural)
मत्तवालाणं (genitive plural)
मत्तवालम्मि (locative singular)
मत्तवाले (locative singular)
मत्तवालेसु (locative plural)
मत्तवालेसुं (locative plural)
मत्तवाल (singular vocative)
मत्तवाला (singular vocative)
मत्तवाला (plural vocative)

𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮 𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮 (“drunkard”)


𑀟𑀭𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">डरइ</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: डरना (ḍarnā), ⇒ डरपना (ḍarapnā)

desc

ڈَرَپْنَا<der>

Urdu: ڈَرْنا (ḍarnā), ⇒ ڈَرَپْنَا (ḍarapnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: डरल (ḍaral)

Odia: ଡରିବା (ḍaribā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: ⇒ डराउनु (ḍarāunu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਡਰਨਾ (ḍarnā)

Saraiki: ݙَرَݨ (ḏaraṇ)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: ડરવું (ḍarvũ)

Romani: derel, daral

Etymology tree
Sanskrit दरति (darati)
Prakrit 𑀟𑀭𑀇 (ḍaraï)
Inherited from Sanskrit दरति (darati).


𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मत्तवाल</i>

𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮 (mattavāla) m (Devanagari मत्तवाल)

mattavāla (romanization)
मत्तवाल (Devanagari)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Eastern Hindi:

Old Awadhi: ⇒ मतवारा (matavārā)

Western Hindi:

Hindustani: ⇒ matvālā

desc

Hindi: मतवाला

Hindi: मतवाला

Urdu: مَتْوالا

Urdu: مَتْوالا

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali: মাতাল (matal)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: ⇒ matvālā

Gurmukhi script: ਮਤਵਾਲਾ

Shahmukhi script: متوالہ

Western Indo-Aryan:

મતવાલું<der>

Gujarati: ⇒ મતવાલું (matvālũ)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d-
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *matˢtás
Sanskrit म॒त्त (mattá)
Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-
Sanskrit पा (pā)?
Proto-Indo-European *per-
Sanskrit पार (pāra)?
Sanskrit पाल (pāla)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀯𑀸𑀮 (mattavāla)
Inherited from Sanskrit *मत्तपाल (mattapāla).


𑀲𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सुक्ख</i>

sukkha (romanization)
सुक्ख (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: सूखा (sūkhā)

Urdu: سُوکھَا (sūkhā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: শুকান (xukan)

Bengali: শুখা (śukha), শুকনো (śukonō)

Kamta: শুকান (xukan)

Sylheti: ꠢꠥꠇꠂꠘ (hukoino)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: sūkhā

Devanagari script: सूखा

Kaithi script: 𑂮𑂴𑂎𑂰

Maithili:

Devanagari script: सुक्खा (sukkhā)

Tirhuta script: 𑒮𑒳𑒏𑓂𑒐𑒰 (sukkhā)

Odia: ଶୁକ୍ (śuk), ଶୁଖ (śukha)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: ਸੁੱਕਾ (sukkā)

Saraiki: سُکّا (sukkā)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: सुकें (sukẽ)

Marathi: सुका (sukā)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: સૂકું (sūkũ)

Romani: śuko

Borrowed terms

desc

→ Malayalam: ചുക്ക് (cukkŭ, “dry ginger”)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂sews-
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsúškas
Sanskrit शुष्क॑ (śúṣka)
Prakrit 𑀲𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (sukkha)
Inherited from Sanskrit शुष्क॑ (śúṣka), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsúškas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂sews- + *-kos.


𑀲𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: सूक (sūk)

Urdu: سُوک (sūk)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁wes-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁wésus?
Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-?
Proto-Indo-European *h₁su-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsu-
Sanskrit सु- (su-)?
Sanskrit ख (kha)?
Sanskrit सु॒ख (sukhá)
Prakrit 𑀤𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (dukkha)influ.
Prakrit 𑀲𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (sukkha)
Inherited from Sanskrit सु॒ख (sukhá), possibly from सु- (su-) + ख (kha). Analogically remodelled on 𑀤𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (dukkha, “sadness”). Doublet of 𑀲𑀼𑀖 (sugha) and 𑀲𑀼𑀳 (suha).


𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">भत्ति</i>

bhatti (romanization)
भत्ति (Devanagari)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (plural vocative)

desctree

Apabhramsa: भंति (bhaṃti)
Central Indo-Aryan:
Eastern Hindi:
Old Awadhi: bhāṃtī
Devanagari script: भांती
Kaithi script: 𑂦𑂰𑂁𑂞𑂲
Awadhi: bhā̃ti
Devanagari script: भाँति
Kaithi script: 𑂦𑂰𑂀𑂞𑂱
Western Hindi:
Braj: भाँति (bhā̃ti)
Kannauji: भाँति
Hindustani:
Hindi: भाँत (bhā̃t), भाँति (bhā̃ti), भाँती (bhā̃tī)
Urdu: بھان٘تی (bhā̃tī)
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
Angika: bhā̃ti
Devanagari script: भाँति
Kaithi script: 𑂦𑂰𑂀𑂞𑂱
Bhojpuri: bhā̃t
Devanagari script: भाँत
Kaithi script: 𑂦𑂰𑂀𑂞
Maithili: bhā̃tɨ
Devanagari script: भाँति
Tirhuta script: 𑒦𑒰𑒿𑒞𑒱
Northern Indo-Aryan:
Kumaoni: भाँति
Nepali: भाँति (bhā̃ti)
Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
Old Punjabi: ਭਤਿ (bhati /bhatti/), ਭਾਤਿ (bhāti /bhāṃti/)
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਭਾਂਤ (bhā̃t)
Shahmukhi script: بھان٘ت (bhāṉt)
Sindhi: bhā̃ti
Arabic script: ڀانتِ
Devanagari script: भांति
Khudabadi script: 𑋖𑋠𑋟𑋍𑋡
Southern Indo-Aryan:
Marathi: भांत (bhā̃t)
Western Indo-Aryan:
Middle Gujarati: भांत, भांति, भांत्य
Gujarati: ભાત (bhāt)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-
Sanskrit भज् (bhaj)
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Sanskrit -ति (-ti)
Sanskrit भक्ति (bhakti)
Prakrit 𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (bhatti)
Inherited from Sanskrit भक्ति (bhakti). Cognate with Pali bhatti.


𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">बंधण</i>

baṃdhaṇa (romanization)
बंधण (Devanagari)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-
Sanskrit बन्ध् (bandh)
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Sanskrit -अन (-ana)
Sanskrit बन्धन (bandhana)
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀦 (baṃdhana)
Prakrit 𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀡 (baṃdhaṇa)
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀦 (baṃdhana), from Sanskrit बन्धन (bandhana).


भंति

bhaṃti (romanization)
भंती (nominative singular)
भंतीओ (nominative plural)
भंती (nominative plural)
भंतिं (accusative singular)
भंतीओ (accusative plural)
भंती (accusative plural)
भंतीए (instrumental singular)
भंतीहि (instrumental plural)
भंतीहिं (instrumental plural)
भंतीओ (ablative singular)
भंतीहिंतो (ablative plural)
भंतीए (genitive singular)
भंतीण (genitive plural)
भंतीणं (genitive plural)
भंतीए (locative singular)
भंतीसु (locative plural)
भंतीसुं (locative plural)
भंति (singular vocative)
भंती (singular vocative)
भंतीओ (plural vocative)
भंती (plural vocative)

𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀺 𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀺#Prakrit


𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">संसार</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸಂಸಾರ</i>

𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭 (saṃsāra) (Devanagari संसार, Kannada ಸಂಸಾರ)

saṃsāra (romanization)
संसार (Devanagari)
ಸಂಸಾರ (Kannada)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central:

Old Hindi: संसार (saṃsāra)

Hindi: संसार (sansār)

Urdu: سنسار (sansār)

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀸𑀭 (saṃsāra).


𑀓𑀻𑀟

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">कीड</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Awadhi: कीरवा (kīrvā)

Hindustani:

Hindi: कीड़ा (kīṛā)

desc

Urdu: کِیڑا (kīṛā)

Urdu: کِیڑا (kīṛā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: কীড়া (kiṛa, “worm”)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: कीरा (kīrā)

Maithili: कीरा (kīrā), कीर (kīr)

Odia: କୀଡ଼ା (kiṛā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: कीरा (kīrā), किरा (kirā)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਕੀੜਾ (kīṛā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڪِيڙو (kīṛo)

Devanagari script: कीड़ो (kīṛo)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: किडो (kiḍô)

Old Marathi: 𑘎𑘱𑘚𑘰 (kiḍā)

Marathi: किडा (kiḍā)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: કીડો (kīḍo)

Romani: kir (“ant”)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit की॒ट (kīṭá)
Prakrit 𑀓𑀻𑀟 (kīḍa)
Inherited from Sanskrit की॒ट (kīṭá).


𑀲𑀳𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सहइ</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: सहना (sahnā)

Urdu: سَہْنَا (sahnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: সহা (śoha), সওয়া (śoōẇa)

Assamese: সহা (xoha)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: सहनु (sahanu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Punjabi: ਸਹਿਣਾ (sahiṇā)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: साहणे (sāhṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: સહવું (sahvũ)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: सहणौ (sahṇau)

Mahajani script: 𑅰𑅱𑅑 (shi /sahaï/)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáȷ́ʰatay
Sanskrit सह॑ते (sáhate)
Prakrit 𑀲𑀳𑀇 (sahaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit सह॑ते (sáhate), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáȷ́ʰatay, from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-.


𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀺

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">भंति</i>

bhaṃti (romanization)
भंति (Devanagari)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀻 (plural vocative)

Apabhramsa: 𑆨𑆁𑆠𑆴 (bhaṃti)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰrem-
Sanskrit भ्रम् (bhram)
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Sanskrit -ति (-ti)
Sanskrit भ्रान्ति (bhrānti)
Prakrit 𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀺 (bhaṃti)
Inherited from Sanskrit भ्रान्ति (bhrānti).


भत्ति

bhatti (romanization)
भत्ती (nominative singular)
भत्तीओ (nominative plural)
भत्ती (nominative plural)
भत्तिं (accusative singular)
भत्तीओ (accusative plural)
भत्ती (accusative plural)
भत्तीए (instrumental singular)
भत्तीहि (instrumental plural)
भत्तीहिं (instrumental plural)
भत्तीओ (ablative singular)
भत्तीहिंतो (ablative plural)
भत्तीए (genitive singular)
भत्तीण (genitive plural)
भत्तीणं (genitive plural)
भत्तीए (locative singular)
भत्तीसु (locative plural)
भत्तीसुं (locative plural)
भत्ति (singular vocative)
भत्ती (singular vocative)
भत्तीओ (plural vocative)
भत्ती (plural vocative)

𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺#Prakrit


𑀘𑀁𑀕

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">चंग</i>

Hindi: चंगा (caṅgā)

Marathi: चांगला (cāṅglā)

Sindhi: चंङो

Punjabi: ਚੰਗਾ (caṅgā)


𑀫𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀭

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: मटर (maṭar)

Urdu: مَٹَر (maṭar)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: মটর (moṭor)

Odia: ମଟର (maṭara)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: मटर (maṭar)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮਟਰ (maṭar)

Shahmukhi script: مَٹَر (maṭar)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: مَٽَرُ (maṭaru)

Devanagari script: मटरु (maṭaru)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: मटार (maṭār)

Unknown. Perhaps borrowed from substrate.
Compare various terms for beans:
* Prakrit *𑀫𑀝𑁆𑀞 (*maṭṭha, “pea”), whence Gujarati મઠ (maṭh), Marathi मठ (maṭh).
* Prakrit *𑀫𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (*mŏṭṭha, “Vigna aconitifolia”), Sanskritised as Sanskrit मुकुष्ठ (mukuṣṭha, “kind of bean”) etc., whence Hindi मोठ (moṭh) and others.
* Sanskrit मु॒द्ग (mudgá, “Vigna radiata”), Prakrit 𑀫𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀕 (mugga), whence Hindi मूँग (mūṅg).
* Pashto مستک (masták, “Lathyrus sativus”), folk-etymologically connected to Classical Persian مَسْت (mast, “drunk”).
* Sanskrit मुकुल (mukula, “bud”), मुकुर (mukura), मकुल (makula), मकुर (makura), मुद्गर (mudgara, “bud”), all probably from Dravidian (cf. Tamil மொக்குள் (mokkuḷ, “bubble”)).
Some New Indo-Aryan languages instead use a Dravidian word for the pea, e.g. Marathi वाटाणा (vāṭāṇā), Gujarati વટાણા (vaṭāṇā) (cf. Kannada ಬಟಾಣಿ (baṭāṇi)).

cog

Marathi वाटाणा (vāṭāṇā)

Pisum sativum
Pisum sativum#Translingual


𑀯𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">वड्ढइ</i>

vaḍḍhaï (romanization)
वड्ढइ (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: बढ़ना (baṛhnā)

Urdu: بَڑْنا (baṛnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

desc

Assamese: বাঢ়া (barha), বঢ়া (borha) — Eastern/Standard Assamese

Middle Bengali: বাঢ়া (baṛha)

Bengali: বাড়া (baṛa)

Sylheti: ꠛꠣꠠꠣ (baṛa)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: बढ़ल (baṛhal)

Maithili: बाँढ़ब (bā̃ṛhab)

Odia: ବଢ଼ିବା (baṛhibā)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: වඩිනවා (waḍinawā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: बाढ़नु (bāṛhanu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਵਧਣਾ (vadhṇā), ਵੱਧਣਾ (vaddhăṇā)

Shahmukhi script: وَدھݨا (vadhṇā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: وَڌَڻُ (vadhaṇu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: वाड्चे (vāḍce)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: वाढणे (vāḍhaṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: વધવું (vadhvũ)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ-der.?
Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ-der.?
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwárdʰati
Sanskrit वर्ध॑ति (várdhati)
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 (vaḍhati)
Prakrit 𑀯𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀇 (vaḍḍhaï)
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 (vaḍhati), from Sanskrit वर्ध॑ति (várdhati), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwárdʰati.


𑀰𑁂

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">शे</i>

Eastern:

Old Bengali:

Bengali: সে (śe)

Early Assamese:

Assamese: সি (xi)

Odia: ସେ (se)

Maithili: 𑂮𑂵 (se)


𑀫𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞

*𑀫𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (*mŏṭṭha) m

pra-head

*𑀫𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (*mŏṭṭha) m

pra-noun

*𑀫𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (*mŏṭṭha) m

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: मोठ (moṭh)

Urdu: موٹھ (moṭh)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

desctree

Old Punjabi: ਮੋਠੁ (moṭhu)
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਮੋਠ (moṭh)
Shahmukhi script: موٹھ (moṭh)
Saraiki: موٹھ (moṭh)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: موٺُ (moṭhu)

Devanagari script: मोठु (moṭhu)

desc

→ Pashto: موت (mot), موټ (moṭ, “Lathyrus sativus”)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: मठ (maṭh)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: મઠ (maṭh)

→ Kashmiri:

Devanagari script: मुठु॒ (muṭhu॒)

→ Sanskrit: मुकुष्ठ (mukuṣṭha), मुकुष्ठक (mukuṣṭhaka), मकुष्ट (makuṣṭa), मपष्ट (mapaṣṭa), मपुष्ठक (mapuṣṭhaka), मयुष्ठक (mayuṣṭhaka), मुकुष्ट (mukuṣṭa) — Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit, मुद्गष्ठ (mudgaṣṭha)

Unknown; probably borrowed from substrate. Formally inherited from Sanskrit मुकुष्ठ (mukuṣṭha, “kind of bean”), but that is probably a Sanskritisation of this word. Compare Prakrit *𑀫𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀭 (*maṭṭara, “pea”) ~ *𑀫𑀝𑁆𑀞 (*maṭṭha, “pea”), Sanskrit मु॒द्ग (mudgá, “mung bean”), Sanskrit मुकुल (mukula, “bud”) ~ मुद्गर (mudgara, “bud; hammer”).
Compare Kannada ಮಡಕಿ (maḍaki), ಮಡಿಕೆ (maḍike), ಮಡಿಗೆ (maḍige), referring to the same plant, but probably unrelated.
Also note that Classical Persian موتھی (mothi) is attested in an Indian text from 1357, and refers to the same bean.
:
1357, Ziauddin Barani, Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi, page 568:
و موتهی و کنجد که در آن زمین میکاشتند و در بیابانها فرود میبردند بجای آن از قوت آب نیشکر و حفظه و نخود خواهند کاشت و در خانهها آورد
v mvthy v knjd kh dr ān zmyn my-kaśtnd v dr byaban-ha frvd my-brdnd bjay ān az qvt āb nyśkr v ḥfz̤h v nxvd xvahnd kaśt v dr xanh-ha āvrd
They used to cultivate moṭh [coarse grain] and sesame in that land and harvested them in wilderness. Now owing to the aid of water they will grow and bring home sugarcane, wheat and gram […]
This is probably the earliest mention; also see Old Punjabi ਮੋਠੁ (moṭhu) attested from the 17th century.

quote-book

Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi

They used to cultivate moṭh 􂀿coarse grain􂁀 and sesame in that land and harvested them in wilderness. Now owing to the aid of water they will grow and bring home sugarcane, wheat and gram […]


𑀫𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀕

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मुग्ग</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: मूँग (mūṅg)

Urdu: مُونگ (mūng)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: মগু (mogu)

Bengali: মুগ (mug)

Odia: ମୁଗ (muga)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Dhivehi: މުގު (mugu)

Sinhalese: මුං (muṁ)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

desc

Gurmukhi script: ਮੁੰਗ (muṅg), ਮੂੰਗ (mūṅg)

Shahmukhi script: مُنگ (mung), مُونگ (mūng)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: مُڱُ (muṅu)

Devanagari script: मुङु (muṅu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: मूग (mūg)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: મગ (mag)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit मु॒द्ग (mudgá)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀕 (mugga)
Inherited from Sanskrit मु॒द्ग (mudgá). Cognate with Pali mugga.
Also compare Prakrit *𑀫𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀭 (*maṭṭara, “Pisum sativum”), *𑀫𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (*mŏṭṭha, “Vigna aconitifolia”).

ncog

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata#Translingual


𑀯𑀺𑀲

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">विस</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: बिस (bis)

Urdu: بِس (bis)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: বিহ (bih)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: වස (wasa), වහ (waha)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Kumaoni: बिस

Nepali: बिस (bis)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Old Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਵਿਸੁ (visu)

Shahmukhi script: وِسُ (visu)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati: विस (visa)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *wisós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *wišás
Sanskrit वि॒ष (viṣá)
Prakrit 𑀯𑀺𑀲 (visa)
Inherited from Sanskrit वि॒ष (viṣá), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wišás, from Proto-Indo-European *wisós. Cognate with Pali visa.


𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मुक्कल</i>

mukkala (romanization)
मुक्कल (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: मोकला (moklā)

Urdu: موکْلا (moklā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: মোকল (mükol), মুকলি (mukoli)

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Old Bengali: মুকল (mukala, “cleared, free”)

Odia: ମୁକୁଳା (mukuḷā, “empty”)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮੋਕਲਾ (moklā)

Shahmukhi script: موکْلا (moklā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: موڪِرو (mokiro)

Devanagari script: मोकिरो (mokiro)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: मोकळा (mokḷā)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: મોકળું (mokaḷũ)

Romani: muklo

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *(s)mewk-
Sanskrit मुच् (muc)
Sanskrit -न (-na)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓 (mukka)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮 (mukkala)
From 𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓 (mukka, “free”) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀮- (-la-); see there for more.

etymon

𑆩𑆾𑆑𑆬𑇀𑆬𑆅

to send; see there for further descendants


𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मुक्क</i>

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: මුක් (muk, “spirit, demon”)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

desc

⇒ Nepali: मुकुरो (mukuro, “slightly softened”)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Sindhi:

Arabic script: مُڪو (muko)

Devanagari script: मुको (muko)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *(s)mewk-
Sanskrit मुच् (muc)
Sanskrit -न (-na)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓 (mukka)
Inherited from Sanskrit *मुक्न (mukna, past participle), from मुच् (muc, “to set free, liberate”) + -न (-na). This would be an alternative construction to मु॒क्त (muktá). Doublet of 𑀫𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (mutta).
Alternatively, from Sanskrit *मुक्व (mukva), analogous to पक्व (pakva).


𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पेसिअ</i>

pesia (romanization)
पेसिअ (Devanagari)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀑 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀅𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀺𑀆𑀇 (plural vocative)

q

with Middle Indo-Aryan <i class="Brah mention" lang="inc-ash">-𑀓-</i> (-ka-)

Apabhramsa: 𑆥𑆼𑆱𑆴𑆪𑆃 (pesiyaa) (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-))

Old Gujarati: पेसीय (pesīya)

Inherited from Sanskrit प्रेषित (preṣita).


𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मुक्ख</i>

mukkha (romanization)
मुक्ख (Devanagari)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit मूर्ख (mūrkha)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (mukkha)
Inherited from Sanskrit मूर्ख (mūrkha).


𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *múkʰam
Sanskrit मुख॑ (múkha)
Sanskrit मुख्य॑ (múkhya)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (mukkha)
Inherited from Sanskrit मुख्य॑ (múkhya), from मुख॑ (múkha), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *múkʰam.


𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔

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𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (mukkha) m or n (Devanagari मुक्ख)

mukkha (romanization)
मुक्ख (Devanagari)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit मुष्क (muṣka)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (mukkha)
Inherited from Sanskrit मुष्क (muṣka).


𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔

mukkha (romanization)
मुक्ख (Devanagari)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (plural vocative)

𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔 𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔#Prakrit

alternative form of 𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔 (mŏkkha, “liberation, freeing”)


𑀧𑀖𑀺𑀭𑀇

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Hindi: पघिलना (paghilanā)

Hindustani:

Hindi: पिघलना (pighalnā)

Urdu: پِگَلْنا (pigalnā)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: pighalṇā

Gurmukhi script: ਪਿਘਲਣਾ

Shahmukhi script: پِگَھلْݨا

Sindhi: paghiraṇu

Arabic script: پَگهِرَڻُ

Devanagari script: पघिरणु

Khudabadi script: 𑋒𑊾𑋡𑋙𑋌𑋣

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi: paghaḷaṇe

Devanagari script: पघळणे

Modi script: 𑘢𑘑𑘯𑘜𑘹

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-
Proto-Indo-European *pró
Proto-Indo-European *pro-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pra-
Sanskrit प्र- (pra-)
Sanskrit घृ (ghṛ)
Sanskrit प्रघृ (praghṛ)der.
Prakrit *𑀧𑀖𑀺𑀭𑀇 (*paghiraï)
Inherited from Sanskrit *प्रघिरति (praghirati), an unattested class 1 verb from the root प्रघृ (praghṛ, “to ooze out”), from प्र- (pra-, “forth”) + घृ (ghṛ, “to besprinkle, moisten”).
Influenced by 𑀧𑀕𑀮𑀁𑀢 (pagalaṃta, “dripping”), from Sanskrit प्रगलति (pragalati, “to drip”).


𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">खेत्त</i>

khĕtta (romanization)
खेत्त (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: खेत (khet)

Urdu: کھیت (khet)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: খেতি (kheti)

Bengali: খেত (khet), ক্ষেত (khet)

Odia: ଖେତ (kheta)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

desc

Gurmukhi script: ਖੇਤ (khet), ਖੇਤਰ (khetar), ਖਿੱਤਾ (khittā)

Shahmukhi script: کھیت (khet), کھیتَر (khetar), کِھتّا (khittā)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gurjara Apabhramsa: खेत्त (khetta)

Gujarati: ખેતર (khetar), ખેત (khet)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *teḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *tḱey-
Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr
Proto-Indo-European *-trom
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćšáytram
Sanskrit क्षेत्र॑ (kṣétra)
Prakrit 𑀔𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (khĕtta)
Inherited from Sanskrit क्षेत्र॑ (kṣétra), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćšáytram, from Proto-Indo-European *tḱey- + *-trom. Cognate with Pali khetta.

etymon

sa>क्षेत्र॑>land

𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢#Prakrit

Alternative form of 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (chĕtta, “field”)


𑀑𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀕

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">ओमुद्धग</i>

𑀑𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀕 (omuddhaga) (Devanagari ओमुद्धग)

omuddhaga (romanization)
ओमुद्धग (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: औंधा (aundhā)

Urdu: اَونْدھا (aundhā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: उँधो (ũdho)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

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Gurmukhi script: ਊਂਧਾ (ūndhā), ਮੂਧਾ (mūdhā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: اُنْڌو (undho)

Devanagari script: उन्धो (undho)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: ઊંધું (ū̃dhũ)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háwa
Sanskrit अव (ava)
Sanskrit अव- (ava-)
Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰṓ
Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥Hdʰā́
Sanskrit मूर्धन् (mūrdhan)
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Sanskrit -क (-ka)
Sanskrit अवमूर्धक (avamūrdhaka)
Prakrit 𑀑𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀕 (omuddhaga)
Inherited from Sanskrit अवमूर्धक (avamūrdhaka), from अव- (ava-) + मूर्धन् (mūrdhan) + -क (-ka).

etymon

ओमुद्धगा धरणियले पडंति


𑀘𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">चुक्कइ</i>

pra-head

𑀘𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇 (cukkaï) (Devanagari चुक्कइ) (transitive, intransitive)

cukkaï (romanization)
चुक्कइ (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: चूकना (cūknā), चुकना (cuknā)

Urdu: چُوکْنا (cūknā), چُکْنا (cuknā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: চুঁকা (cũka)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: चुकल (cukal)

Maithili: चुकब (cukab)

Odia: ଚୁକିବା (cukibā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: चुक्नु (cuknu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

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Old Punjabi: ਚੁਕਿ (cuki /cukki/), ਚੂਕਿ (cūki)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਚੁੱਕਣਾ (cukkaṇā)

Shahmukhi script: چُکّْݨا (cukkṇā)

Saraiki: چُکَّݨ (cukkaṇ)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: چُڪَڻُ (cukaṇu)

Devanagari script: चुकणु (cukaṇu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: चुकणे (cukaṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati: चूकिवउं (cūkivaüṃ)

Gujarati: ચૂકવું (cūkvũ)

Marwari: चूकणौ (cūkṇau)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *čyutás
Sanskrit च्यु॒त (cyutá)
Prakrit 𑀘𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓 (cukka)
Prakrit 𑀘𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇 (cukkaï)
Denominal verb of 𑀘𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓 (cukka, “fallen, mistaken, forgotten”), from Sanskrit च्यु॒त (cyutá, “fallen, missing”) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓𑁆𑀓- (-kka-).


𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">तुंदिल्ल</i>

𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮 (tuṃdilla) (Devanagari तुंदिल्ल)

tuṃdilla (romanization)
तुंदिल्ल (Devanagari)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮 𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮#Prakrit

alternative form of 𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮 (tuṃdila, “pot-bellied”)


𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">तुंदिल</i>

tuṃdila (romanization)
तुंदिल (Devanagari)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit तुन्दिल (tundila).


तुंदिल्ल

head

तुंदिल्ल (tuṃdilla)

pra-head

तुंदिल्ल (tuṃdilla)

pra-adj

तुंदिल्ल (tuṃdilla)

tuṃdilla (romanization)
तुंदिल्लो (nominative singular)
तुंदिल्ला (nominative plural)
तुंदिल्लं (accusative singular)
तुंदिल्ले (accusative plural)
तुंदिल्ला (accusative plural)
तुंदिल्लेण (instrumental singular)
तुंदिल्लेणं (instrumental singular)
तुंदिल्लेहि (instrumental plural)
तुंदिल्लेहिं (instrumental plural)
तुंदिल्लाअ (dative singular)
तुंदिल्लाओ (ablative singular)
तुंदिल्लाउ (ablative singular)
तुंदिल्ला (ablative singular)
तुंदिल्लाहि (ablative singular)
तुंदिल्लाहिंतो (ablative singular)
तुंदिल्लस्स (genitive singular)
तुंदिल्लाण (genitive plural)
तुंदिल्लाणं (genitive plural)
तुंदिल्लम्मि (locative singular)
तुंदिल्ले (locative singular)
तुंदिल्लेसु (locative plural)
तुंदिल्लेसुं (locative plural)
तुंदिल्ल (singular vocative)
तुंदिल्ला (singular vocative)
तुंदिल्ला (plural vocative)
तुंदिल्ला (nominative singular)
तुंदिल्लाओ (nominative plural)
तुंदिल्लाउ (nominative plural)
तुंदिल्ला (nominative plural)
तुंदिल्लं (accusative singular)
तुंदिल्लाओ (accusative plural)
तुंदिल्लाउ (accusative plural)
तुंदिल्ला (accusative plural)
तुंदिल्लाए (instrumental singular)
तुंदिल्लाइ (instrumental singular)
तुंदिल्लाअ (instrumental singular)
तुंदिल्लाहि (instrumental plural)
तुंदिल्लाहिं (instrumental plural)
तुंदिल्लाओ (ablative singular)
तुंदिल्लाउ (ablative singular)
तुंदिल्लाहिंतो (ablative plural)
तुंदिल्लाए (genitive singular)
तुंदिल्लाइ (genitive singular)
तुंदिल्लाअ (genitive singular)
तुंदिल्लाण (genitive plural)
तुंदिल्लाणं (genitive plural)
तुंदिल्लाए (locative singular)
तुंदिल्लाइ (locative singular)
तुंदिल्लाअ (locative singular)
तुंदिल्लासु (locative plural)
तुंदिल्लासुं (locative plural)
तुंदिल्ले (singular vocative)
तुंदिल्ला (singular vocative)
तुंदिल्लाओ (plural vocative)
तुंदिल्लाउ (plural vocative)
तुंदिल्ला (plural vocative)
तुंदिल्लं (nominative singular)
तुंदिल्लाइं (nominative plural)
तुंदिल्लाइ (nominative plural)
तुंदिल्लं (accusative singular)
तुंदिल्लाइं (accusative plural)
तुंदिल्लाइ (accusative plural)
तुंदिल्लेण (instrumental singular)
तुंदिल्लेणं (instrumental singular)
तुंदिल्लेहि (instrumental plural)
तुंदिल्लेहिं (instrumental plural)
तुंदिल्लाअ (dative singular)
तुंदिल्लाओ (ablative singular)
तुंदिल्लाउ (ablative singular)
तुंदिल्ला (ablative singular)
तुंदिल्लाहि (ablative singular)
तुंदिल्लाहिंतो (ablative singular)
तुंदिल्लस्स (genitive singular)
तुंदिल्लाण (genitive plural)
तुंदिल्लाणं (genitive plural)
तुंदिल्लम्मि (locative singular)
तुंदिल्ले (locative singular)
तुंदिल्लेसु (locative plural)
तुंदिल्लेसुं (locative plural)
तुंदिल्ल (singular vocative)
तुंदिल्ला (singular vocative)
तुंदिल्लाइं (plural vocative)
तुंदिल्लाइ (plural vocative)

𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮 𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮 (“pot-bellied”)


𑀧𑁂𑀟

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पेड</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: पेड़ा (peṛā)

Urdu: پیڑَا (peṛā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

desc

Bengali: পেঁড়া (pẽṛa), প্যাঁড়া (pễṛa) — pronunciation spelling, পেড়া (peṛa), প্যাড়া (pêṛa)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: पेड़ा (pēṛā)

Odia: ପେଡା (peḍā), ପେଣ୍ଡା (peṇḍā)

Odia: ପେଡା (peḍā), ପେଣ୍ଡା (peṇḍā)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਪੇੜਾ (peṛā)

Shahmukhi script: پیڑا (peṛā)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: पेडा (peḍā)

Modi script: 𑘢𑘹𑘚𑘰 (peḍā)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: પેંડા (peṇḍā), પેંડો (peṇḍo)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit पेट (peṭa)?
Prakrit 𑀧𑁂𑀟 (peḍa)
Inherited from Sanskrit पेट (peṭa), पेटक (peṭaka, “multitude, consortium, group, company”), with further etymology unknown. The descendants largely mean "peda", a kind of sweetmeat; it is unclear if this is due to semantic change or if they come from a different word entirely. Compare Pali yakapeḷa (“liver”), Sanskrit पिण्ड (piṇḍa, “lump”).


तुंदिल

tuṃdila (romanization)
तुंदिलो (nominative singular)
तुंदिला (nominative plural)
तुंदिलं (accusative singular)
तुंदिले (accusative plural)
तुंदिला (accusative plural)
तुंदिलेण (instrumental singular)
तुंदिलेणं (instrumental singular)
तुंदिलेहि (instrumental plural)
तुंदिलेहिं (instrumental plural)
तुंदिलाअ (dative singular)
तुंदिलाओ (ablative singular)
तुंदिलाउ (ablative singular)
तुंदिला (ablative singular)
तुंदिलाहि (ablative singular)
तुंदिलाहिंतो (ablative singular)
तुंदिलस्स (genitive singular)
तुंदिलाण (genitive plural)
तुंदिलाणं (genitive plural)
तुंदिलम्मि (locative singular)
तुंदिले (locative singular)
तुंदिलेसु (locative plural)
तुंदिलेसुं (locative plural)
तुंदिल (singular vocative)
तुंदिला (singular vocative)
तुंदिला (plural vocative)
तुंदिला (nominative singular)
तुंदिलाओ (nominative plural)
तुंदिलाउ (nominative plural)
तुंदिला (nominative plural)
तुंदिलं (accusative singular)
तुंदिलाओ (accusative plural)
तुंदिलाउ (accusative plural)
तुंदिला (accusative plural)
तुंदिलाए (instrumental singular)
तुंदिलाइ (instrumental singular)
तुंदिलाअ (instrumental singular)
तुंदिलाहि (instrumental plural)
तुंदिलाहिं (instrumental plural)
तुंदिलाओ (ablative singular)
तुंदिलाउ (ablative singular)
तुंदिलाहिंतो (ablative plural)
तुंदिलाए (genitive singular)
तुंदिलाइ (genitive singular)
तुंदिलाअ (genitive singular)
तुंदिलाण (genitive plural)
तुंदिलाणं (genitive plural)
तुंदिलाए (locative singular)
तुंदिलाइ (locative singular)
तुंदिलाअ (locative singular)
तुंदिलासु (locative plural)
तुंदिलासुं (locative plural)
तुंदिले (singular vocative)
तुंदिला (singular vocative)
तुंदिलाओ (plural vocative)
तुंदिलाउ (plural vocative)
तुंदिला (plural vocative)
तुंदिलं (nominative singular)
तुंदिलाइं (nominative plural)
तुंदिलाइ (nominative plural)
तुंदिलं (accusative singular)
तुंदिलाइं (accusative plural)
तुंदिलाइ (accusative plural)
तुंदिलेण (instrumental singular)
तुंदिलेणं (instrumental singular)
तुंदिलेहि (instrumental plural)
तुंदिलेहिं (instrumental plural)
तुंदिलाअ (dative singular)
तुंदिलाओ (ablative singular)
तुंदिलाउ (ablative singular)
तुंदिला (ablative singular)
तुंदिलाहि (ablative singular)
तुंदिलाहिंतो (ablative singular)
तुंदिलस्स (genitive singular)
तुंदिलाण (genitive plural)
तुंदिलाणं (genitive plural)
तुंदिलम्मि (locative singular)
तुंदिले (locative singular)
तुंदिलेसु (locative plural)
तुंदिलेसुं (locative plural)
तुंदिल (singular vocative)
तुंदिला (singular vocative)
तुंदिलाइं (plural vocative)
तुंदिलाइ (plural vocative)

𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮 𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀮 (“pot-bellied”)


𑀘𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">चुक्क</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: चूक (cūk)

Urdu: چُوک (cūk)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: चूक (cūk)

Marathi: च़ूक (ċūk)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: ચૂક (cūk)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *čyutás
Sanskrit च्यु॒त (cyutá)
Prakrit 𑀘𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀓 (cukka)
Inherited from Sanskrit च्यु॒त (cyutá, “moved, shaken”) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓𑁆𑀓- (-kka-).


𑀲𑁂𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇

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*𑀲𑁂𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇 (*sĕkkaï)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: सेंकना (sẽknā), सेकना (seknā)

desc

Urdu: سینْکْنَا (senknā), سیکْنَا (seknā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: সেকা (xeka)

Bengali: সেকা (śeka)

Odia: ସେକିବା (sekibā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: सेक्नु (seknu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸੇਕਣਾ (sekṇā)

Shahmukhi script: سیکݨا (sekṇā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: سيڪَڻُ (sekaṇu)

Devanagari script: सेकणु (sekaṇu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: सेखणे (sekhaṇe)

Modi script: 𑘭𑘹𑘏𑘜𑘹 (sekhaṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: શેકવું (śekvũ)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit श्र॒पय॑ति (śrapáyati)?
Sanskrit स्वेदयति (svedayati)?
Prakrit *𑀲𑁂𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇 (*sĕkkaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit श्र॒पय॑ति (śrapáyati, “to roast, boil”) or स्वेदयति (svedayati, “to make sweat”) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓𑁆𑀓- (-kka-). Presumably, an earlier verb stem *se- was extended. No Dardic cognates are attested.

etymon

sa>श्र॒पय॑ति>roast


𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀭

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अंगार</i>

aṃgāra (romanization)
अंगार (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: अंगार (aṅgār), अंगारा (aṅgārā)

desc

Urdu: اَنْگار (angār), اَنْگارا (angārā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: এঙাৰ (eṅar), আঙাৰ (aṅar)

Hajong: আংরা (aṅra)

Sylheti: ꠀꠋꠞꠣ (aṅra)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Old Punjabi: ਅੰਗਾਰੁ (aṅgāru)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਅੰਗਾਰ (aṅgār), ਅੰਗਿਆਰ (aṅgiāra)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: इंगाळो (iṅgāḷô)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: इंगळ (iṃgaḷa), विंगळ (viṃgaḷa)

Modi script: 𑘃𑘽𑘐𑘯 (īṃgaḷa), 𑘪𑘲𑘽𑘐𑘯 (vīṃgaḷa)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: અંગારો (aṅgāro)

desctree

Romani: angar
Angloromani:
→ English: wonga

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁engʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *-ōl
Proto-Indo-European *h₁óngʷl̥
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hángāras
Sanskrit अङ्गा॑र (áṅgāra)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀭 (aṃgāra)
Inherited from Sanskrit अङ्गा॑र (áṅgāra), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hángāras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óngʷl̥, from *h₁engʷ- + *-ōl.


𑀔𑀟𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀻

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">खडक्की</i>

khaḍakkī (romanization)
खडक्की (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Awadhi: खिरकिया (khirkiyā)

Hindustani:

desctree

Hindi: खिड़की (khiṛkī)
→ Kolami: కిడ్కి (kiḍki)
→ Telugu: కిటికీ (kiṭikī)

Urdu: کھِڑْکِی (khiṛkī)
→ Pashto: کړکۍ (kaṛkay) (likely)
→ Persian:
→ Dari: کلکین (kilkīn)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: খিৰিকী (khiriki)

desc

Bengali: খড়কি (khoṛoki), খিড়কি (khiṛoki)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri:

Devanagari script: खिड़की (khiṛᵊkī)

Kaithi script: 𑂎𑂱𑂚𑂍𑂲 (khiṛkī)

Odia: ଖିଡ଼ିକି (khiṛiki)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Kumaoni: खड़क (khaṛak)

Nepali: खिर्कि (khirki), खर्क (kharka)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਖਿੜਕ (khiṛk), ਖਿੜਕਾ (khiṛkā), ਖਿੜਕੀ (khiṛkī)

Shahmukhi script: کھِڑْک (khiṛk), کھِڑْکا (khiṛkā), کھِڑْکِی (khiṛkī)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani:

Devanagari script: खिडकी (khiḍkī)

Latin script: khiddki

Kannada script: ಖಿಡ್ಕೀ (khiḍkī)

Marathi: खिडकी (khiḍkī)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: ખિડકી (khiḍkī)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit खटक्किका (khaṭakkikā)
Prakrit 𑀔𑀟𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀻 (khaḍakkī)
Inherited from Sanskrit खटक्किका (khaṭakkikā).


𑀘𑀟𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">चडइ</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: चढ़ना (caṛhnā)

Urdu: چَڑھْنا (caṛhnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: চড়া (coṛa)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: चढ्नु (caḍhnu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਚੜ੍ਹਨਾ (caṛhnā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: چَڙهَڻُ (caṛhaṇu)

Devanagari script: चढ़णु (caṛhaṇu)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: ચઢવું (caḍhvũ)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani:

Devanagari script: चड्चे (caḍce)

Kannada script: ಚಡ್ಚೆ (caḍce)

Latin script: chaddche

Marathi: च़ढणे (ċaḍhṇe)

Unknown. Hoernlé suggests derivation from Sanskrit उत्-शदति (ut-śadati, “to rise up”), from the root शद् (śad, “to fall”). Gray argues for inheritance from an extension of Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to rise up”), but this is speculative.


𑀧𑀘𑀸𑀳𑀇

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

>? Odia: ପାଇବା (pāibā, “to suit”)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Sindhi:

Arabic script: پَهَڻُ (pahaṇu)

Devanagari script: पहणु (pahaṇu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: पाणे (pāṇe), पाहणे (pāhaṇe), पाहाणे (pāhāṇe)

Modi script: 𑘢𑘰𑘜𑘹 (pāṇe), 𑘢𑘰𑘮𑘜𑘹 (pāhaṇe), 𑘢𑘰𑘮𑘰𑘜𑘹 (pāhāṇe)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate)?
Prakrit *𑀧𑀘𑀸𑀳𑀇 (*pacāhaï)
Possibly from Sanskrit प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate). By surface analysis, 𑀧- (pa-) + 𑀘𑀸𑀳𑀇 (cāhaï, “to want”).


𑀤𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀺

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">दुग्गंधि</i>

𑀤𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀺 (duggaṃdhi) (Devanagari दुग्गंधि)

duggaṃdhi (romanization)
दुग्गंधि (Devanagari)

Inherited from Sanskrit दुर्गन्धि (durgándhi).


𑀚𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जण</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಜಣ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

jaṇa (romanization)
जण (Devanagari)
ಜಣ (Kannada)
𑀚𑀡𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀚𑀡𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀚𑀡𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀡𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀚𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀡𑀸 (plural vocative)

Apabhramsa: जण (jaṇa) (see there for further descendants)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵónh₁os
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ánHas
Sanskrit जन॑ (jána)
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀚𑀦 (jana)
Prakrit 𑀚𑀡 (jaṇa)
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀚𑀦 (jana), from Sanskrit जन॑ (jána), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ánHas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónh₁os.

etymon

अच्छउ ता जणवाओ हिअअं चिअ अत्तणो तुह पमाणं ।
तह तं सि मंदणेहो जह ण उवालंभजोग्गो सि ॥
acchaü tā jaṇavāo hiaaṃ cia attaṇo tuha pamāṇaṃ .

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 201

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
Never mind the gossip [lit. "words of people"]:
Judge by your own feelings.
Anyway,
You have grown so cool
That you are beyond reproach.

taha taṃ si maṃdaṇeho jaha ṇa uvālaṃbhajŏggo si .


𑀯𑀸𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">वाअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ವಾಅ</i>

𑀯𑀸𑀅 (vāa) m (Devanagari वाअ, Kannada ವಾಅ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

vāa (romanization)
वाअ (Devanagari)
ವಾಅ (Kannada)
𑀯𑀸𑀑 (nominative singular)
𑀯𑀸𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀯𑀸𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀯𑀸𑀏 (accusative plural)
𑀯𑀸𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀯𑀸𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀯𑀸𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀯𑀸𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀯𑀸𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀯𑀸𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀯𑀸𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀯𑀸𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀯𑀸𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀯𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀯𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀯𑀸𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀯𑀸𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀯𑀸𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀯𑀸𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀯𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀯𑀸𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀯𑀸𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀯𑀸𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀯𑀸𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀯𑀸𑀆 (plural vocative)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bihari:

desc

>? Maithili: बाव (bāv, “type of musical instrument”)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂wedH-?
Sanskrit वद् (vad)
Sanskrit वाद (vāda)
Prakrit 𑀯𑀸𑀅 (vāa)
Inherited from Sanskrit वाद (vāda), from वद् (vad), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wedH-.


दुग्गंधि

𑀤𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀺 𑀤𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀺#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀤𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀺 (“foul smelling”)


𑀘𑀸𑀳𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">चाहइ</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: चाहना (cāhnā)

desc

Urdu: چَاہْنَا (cāhnā)

Urdu: چَاہْنَا (cāhnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Early Assamese: চাহ্ (cah)

Assamese: চা (sa)

Bengali: চাওয়া (caōẇa)

Chittagonian: চা (sa)

Kamta: caöa

Sylheti: ꠌꠣꠃꠀ (saua)

Bihari:

Maithili: चाहब (cāhab)

Odia: ଚାହିଁବା (cāhĩbā)

Odia: ଚାହିଁବା (cāhĩbā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: चाहनु (cāhanu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਚਾਹੁਣਾ (cāhuṇā), ਚਾਹਣਾ (cāhṇā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: چاهڻُ (cāhaṇu)

Devanagari script: चाहणु (cāhaṇu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi: cāhaṇe

Devanagari script: चाहणे

Modi script: 𑘓𑘰𑘮𑘜𑘹

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: ચાહવું (cāhvũ)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit चक्षते (cakṣate)?
Prakrit 𑀘𑀸𑀳𑀇 (cāhaï)
Uncertain. Perhaps derived from an unattested *𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (*cakkhaï), from Sanskrit चक्षते (cakṣate), from चक्ष् (cakṣ, “to see, become visible”), but this raises phonetic issues. Probably not from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀘𑀖𑀢𑀺 (caghati, “to be able to”); see there for more on the counter-argument.


𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">एक्कल्ल</i>

ĕkkalla (romanization)
एक्कल्ल (Devanagari)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit एकल (ekala), with unexpected gemination.


𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">एक्कल्लय</i>

𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬 (ĕkkallaya) (Devanagari एक्कल्लय)

ĕkkallaya (romanization)
एक्कल्लय (Devanagari)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑀬𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀬𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Central:

Old Hindi: अकेला (akelā)

Eastern:

Assamese: অকল (okol)

Bengali: একলা (ekola)

Sylheti: ꠄꠇꠟꠣ (exola)

Northwestern:

desctree

Old Punjabi: ਇਕੇਲਾ (ikelā), ਇਕਲੁ (ikalu /ikallu/), ਏਕਲਾ (ekalā)
Punjabi: akelā, ikallā
Gurmukhi script: ਅਕੇਲਾ, ਇਕੱਲਾ
Shahmukhi script: اَکیْلا, اِکَلّا

Western:

Old Gujarati: एकलउं (ekalaüṃ)
Gojri: ایکْلو (eklo)
Gujarati: એકલું (ekalũ)
Malvi: अकेलो (akelo)
Marwari:
Devanagari script: एकलौ (eklau), ऐकलौ (aiklau)
Mahajani script: 𑅓𑅕𑅮𑅒 (eklu), 𑅑𑅕𑅮𑅒 (iklu)

From 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮 (ĕkkalla) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-).

𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮#Prakrit


उडय

uḍaya (romanization)
उडयो (nominative singular)
उडया (nominative plural)
उडयं (accusative singular)
उडये (accusative plural)
उडया (accusative plural)
उडयेण (instrumental singular)
उडयेणं (instrumental singular)
उडयेहि (instrumental plural)
उडयेहिं (instrumental plural)
उडयाअ (dative singular)
उडयाओ (ablative singular)
उडयाउ (ablative singular)
उडया (ablative singular)
उडयाहि (ablative singular)
उडयाहिंतो (ablative singular)
उडयस्स (genitive singular)
उडयाण (genitive plural)
उडयाणं (genitive plural)
उडयम्मि (locative singular)
उडये (locative singular)
उडयेसु (locative plural)
उडयेसुं (locative plural)
उडय (singular vocative)
उडया (singular vocative)
उडया (plural vocative)


𑀉𑀟𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उडय</i>

uḍaya (romanization)
उडय (Devanagari)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀟𑀬 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀟𑀬𑀸 (plural vocative)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit उट (uṭa)
Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-
Sanskrit जन् (jan)
Sanskrit -ज (-ja)
Sanskrit उटज (uṭaja)
Prakrit 𑀉𑀟𑀬 (uḍaya)
Inherited from Sanskrit उटज (uṭaja).

etymon

a hut made of leaves (the residence of hermits or saints)


मित्त

mitta (romanization)
मित्तो (nominative singular)
मित्ता (nominative plural)
मित्तं (accusative singular)
मित्ते (accusative plural)
मित्ता (accusative plural)
मित्तेण (instrumental singular)
मित्तेणं (instrumental singular)
मित्तेहि (instrumental plural)
मित्तेहिं (instrumental plural)
मित्ताअ (dative singular)
मित्ताओ (ablative singular)
मित्ताउ (ablative singular)
मित्ता (ablative singular)
मित्ताहि (ablative singular)
मित्ताहिंतो (ablative singular)
मित्तस्स (genitive singular)
मित्ताण (genitive plural)
मित्ताणं (genitive plural)
मित्तम्मि (locative singular)
मित्ते (locative singular)
मित्तेसु (locative plural)
मित्तेसुं (locative plural)
मित्त (singular vocative)
मित्ता (singular vocative)
मित्ता (plural vocative)
मित्तं (nominative singular)
मित्ताइं (nominative plural)
मित्ताइ (nominative plural)
मित्तं (accusative singular)
मित्ताइं (accusative plural)
मित्ताइ (accusative plural)
मित्तेण (instrumental singular)
मित्तेणं (instrumental singular)
मित्तेहि (instrumental plural)
मित्तेहिं (instrumental plural)
मित्ताअ (dative singular)
मित्ताओ (ablative singular)
मित्ताउ (ablative singular)
मित्ता (ablative singular)
मित्ताहि (ablative singular)
मित्ताहिंतो (ablative singular)
मित्तस्स (genitive singular)
मित्ताण (genitive plural)
मित्ताणं (genitive plural)
मित्तम्मि (locative singular)
मित्ते (locative singular)
मित्तेसु (locative plural)
मित्तेसुं (locative plural)
मित्त (singular vocative)
मित्ता (singular vocative)
मित्ताइं (plural vocative)
मित्ताइ (plural vocative)

𑀫𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢 𑀫𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀫𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢 (“friend”)


𑀆𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟𑀇

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*𑀆𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟𑀇 (*ākkaḍaï)

pra-head

*𑀆𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟𑀇 (*ākkaḍaï)

pra-verb

*𑀆𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟𑀇 (*ākkaḍaï)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Eastern Hindi:

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Chhattisgarhi: अकड़ना (akaṛnā), अकड़ाना (akṛānā)

Western Hindi:

Bundeli: अकड़ना (akaṛnā)

Haryanvi: अकड़णा (akaṛṇā)

Middle Hindi: اکڙنا (akṛna /akṛna/)

Hindustani: akaṛnā, akṛānā

Hindi: अकड़ना, अकड़ाना

Hindi: अकड़ना, अकड़ाना

Urdu: اَکَڑْنا, اَکْڑانا

Urdu: اَکَڑْنا, اَکْڑانا

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Angika:

Devanagari script: अकड़बो (akaṛbo)

Kaithi script: 𑂃𑂍𑂚𑂥𑂷 (akaṛbo)

Bhojpuri: akᵊṛal

Devanagari script: अकड़ल

Kaithi script: 𑂃𑂍𑂚𑂪

Magahi:

Devanagari script: अकड़न (akᵊṛan)

Kaithi script: 𑂃𑂍𑂚𑂢 (akṛan)

Maithili: akᵊṛab

Devanagari script: अकड़ब

Tirhuta script: 𑒁𑒏𑒛𑓃𑒥

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: अकड़णो (akaṛṇo)

Kumaoni: अकड़णो

Eastern Pahari:

Doteli: अकड्डु (akaḍḍu), अकण्णु (akaṇṇu)

Nepali: अकडिनु (akaḍinu), अक्रनु (akranu)

Western Pahari:

Dogri: ākaṛnā

Devanagari script: आकड़ना

Dogra script: 𑠁𑠊𑠫𑠝𑠬

Jaunsari: अकड़नु (akaṛnu)

Kotgarhi: औङ्कड़नों

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabic:

Pahari-Potwari: ākaṛnā

Gurmukhi script: ਆਕੜਨਾ

Shahmukhi script: آکَڑْنا

Punjabi: ākaṛnā, akaṛāuṇā

Gurmukhi script: ਆਕੜਨਾ, ਅਕੜਾਉਣਾ

Shahmukhi script: آکَڑْنا, اَکَڑاؤُݨا

Shahmukhi script: آکَڑْنا, اَکَڑاؤُݨا

Saraiki: ākaṛaṇ

Devanagari script: आकड़ण (ākṛaṇ)

Multani script: 𑊀𑊄𑊧𑊕 (akṛṇ /ākaṛaṇ/)

Shahmukhi script: آکَڑَݨ

Sindhic:

Kachchi: akaṛṇũ

Gujarati script: અકડ઼ણું

Khudabadi script: 𑊰𑊺𑋊𑋌𑋣𑋟

Sindhi: akiṛijaṇu, ākuṛaṇu, akuṛijaṇu

Arabic script: آڪِڙِجَڻُ, آکُڙَڻُ, آڪُڙِجَڻُ

Devanagari script: आकिड़िजणु, आकुड़णु, आकुड़िजणु

Khudabadi script: 𑊰𑊺𑋡𑋊𑋡𑋂𑋌𑋣, 𑊱𑊺𑋣𑋊𑋌𑋣, 𑊰𑊺𑋣𑋊𑋡𑋂𑋌𑋣

Vaghri: અકડ઼ણુ (akaṛṇu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: akaḍṇe

Devanagari script: अकडणे

Modi script: 𑘀𑘎𑘚𑘜𑘹

Varhadi: akaḷna

Devanagari script: अकळनं

Modi script: 𑘀𑘎𑘯𑘡𑘽

Western Indo-Aryan:

Dhundhari: अकड़बो (akaṛbo)

Gojri: آکَڑْنو (ākaṛno)

Gujarati: અકડાવું (akṛāvũ)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: अकड़णौ (akaṛṇau)

Mahajani script: 𑅐𑅕𑅲𑅢𑅒 (akṛṇu /akaṛṇau/)

Mewati: अकड़णो (akaṛṇo)

Wagdi: अकड़वु

Wagdi: अकड़वु

Etymology tree
Sanskrit आकृ॑त (ā́kṛta)?
Prakrit *𑀆𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (*ākkaḍa)
Prakrit -𑀅𑀇 (-aï)
Prakrit *𑀆𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟𑀇 (*ākkaḍaï)
Denominal verb of *𑀆𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (*ākkaḍa, “stiff”) + -𑀅𑀇 (-aï).


𑀪𑀭𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">भरइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಭರಇ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀪𑀭𑀇 (bharaï) (Devanagari भरइ, Kannada ಭರಇ) (transitive)

bharaï (romanization)
भरइ (Devanagari)
ಭರಇ (Kannada)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: भरना (bharnā)

Urdu: بَھرْنا (bharnā)

Old Awadhi: भरइ (bharaï)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: ভৰ (bhor)

Bengali: ভরা (bhora)

Sylheti: ꠜꠞꠣ (bóra)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: भरल (bharal)

Maithili: भरब (bharab)

Odia: ଭରିବା (bharibā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: भर्नु (bharnu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Sindhi:

Devanagari script: भरणु (bharaṇu)

Arabic script: ڀرڻُ (bharaṇu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi: भरणे (bharaṇe)

Marathi: भरणे (bharṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: ભરવું (bharvũ)

Romani: pherel

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-
Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti
Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰárati
Sanskrit भर॑ति (bhárati)
Prakrit 𑀪𑀭𑀇 (bharaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit भर॑ति (bhárati), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰárati, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti, from *bʰer-.


𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जंगम</i>

jaṃgama (romanization)
जंगम (Devanagari)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Apabhramsa: 𑆘𑆁𑆓𑆩 (jaṃgama)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-
Sanskrit गम् (gam)
Sanskrit जङ्गम (jaṅgama)
Prakrit 𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀫 (jaṃgama)
Inherited from Sanskrit जङ्गम (jaṅgama). Cognate with Pali jaṅgama.


𑀭𑀁𑀕

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">रंग</i>

raṃga (romanization)
रंग (Devanagari)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀭𑀁𑀕 (singular vocative)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: रंग (raṅg)

Urdu: رَن٘گ (raṅg)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Assamese: ৰাং (raṅ)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: raṅg

Gurmukhi script: ਰੰਗ

Shahmukhi script: رَن٘گ

Etymology tree
Sanskrit रङ्ग (raṅga)
Prakrit 𑀭𑀁𑀕 (raṃga)
Inherited from Sanskrit रङ्ग (raṅga). Cognate with Pali raṅga.


𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मयणाहि</i>

𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (mayaṇāhi) m or f (Devanagari मयणाहि)

mayaṇāhi (romanization)
मयणाहि (Devanagari)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁄 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁄 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀡𑀸 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁄 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁄 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀻 (plural vocative)

𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺 𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺#Prakrit

alternative form of 𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺 (mayaṇābhi, “musk”)


𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मयणाभि</i>

𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺 (mayaṇābhi) m or f (Devanagari मयणाभि)

mayaṇābhi (romanization)
मयणाभि (Devanagari)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺𑀡𑁄 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺𑀡𑁄 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺𑀡𑀸 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺𑀡𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺𑀡𑁄 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺𑀡𑁄 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀻 (plural vocative)

Apabhramsa: 𑆩𑆴𑆃𑆟𑆳𑆲𑆴 (miaṇāhi)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥gás
Sanskrit मृग (mṛga)
Sanskrit नाभि (nābhi)
Sanskrit मृगनाभि (mṛganābhi)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺 (mayaṇābhi)
Inherited from Sanskrit मृगनाभि (mṛganābhi).


मयणाहि

mayaṇāhi (romanization)
मयणाही (nominative singular)
मयणाहिणो (nominative plural)
मयणाही (nominative plural)
मयणाहीओ (nominative plural)
मयणाहओ (nominative plural)
मयणाहउ (nominative plural)
मयणाहिं (accusative singular)
मयणाहिणो (accusative plural)
मयणाही (accusative plural)
मयणाहओ (accusative plural)
मयणाहिणा (instrumental singular)
मयणाहीहि (instrumental plural)
मयणाहीहिं (instrumental plural)
मयणाहीओ (ablative singular)
मयणाहीउ (ablative singular)
मयणाहिणो (ablative singular)
मयणाहीहिंतो (ablative singular)
मयणाहिस्स (genitive singular)
मयणाहिणो (genitive singular)
मयणाहीण (genitive plural)
मयणाहीणं (genitive plural)
मयणाहिम्मि (locative singular)
मयणाहीसु (locative plural)
मयणाहीसुं (locative plural)
मयणाहि (singular vocative)
मयणाही (singular vocative)
मयणाहिणो (plural vocative)
मयणाही (plural vocative)
मयणाही (nominative singular)
मयणाहीओ (nominative plural)
मयणाही (nominative plural)
मयणाहिं (accusative singular)
मयणाहीओ (accusative plural)
मयणाही (accusative plural)
मयणाहीए (instrumental singular)
मयणाहीहि (instrumental plural)
मयणाहीहिं (instrumental plural)
मयणाहीओ (ablative singular)
मयणाहीहिंतो (ablative plural)
मयणाहीए (genitive singular)
मयणाहीण (genitive plural)
मयणाहीणं (genitive plural)
मयणाहीए (locative singular)
मयणाहीसु (locative plural)
मयणाहीसुं (locative plural)
मयणाहि (singular vocative)
मयणाही (singular vocative)
मयणाहीओ (plural vocative)
मयणाही (plural vocative)

𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (“musk”)


मयणाभि

mayaṇābhi (romanization)
मयणाभी (nominative singular)
मयणाभिणो (nominative plural)
मयणाभी (nominative plural)
मयणाभीओ (nominative plural)
मयणाभओ (nominative plural)
मयणाभउ (nominative plural)
मयणाभिं (accusative singular)
मयणाभिणो (accusative plural)
मयणाभी (accusative plural)
मयणाभओ (accusative plural)
मयणाभिणा (instrumental singular)
मयणाभीहि (instrumental plural)
मयणाभीहिं (instrumental plural)
मयणाभीओ (ablative singular)
मयणाभीउ (ablative singular)
मयणाभिणो (ablative singular)
मयणाभीहिंतो (ablative singular)
मयणाभिस्स (genitive singular)
मयणाभिणो (genitive singular)
मयणाभीण (genitive plural)
मयणाभीणं (genitive plural)
मयणाभिम्मि (locative singular)
मयणाभीसु (locative plural)
मयणाभीसुं (locative plural)
मयणाभि (singular vocative)
मयणाभी (singular vocative)
मयणाभिणो (plural vocative)
मयणाभी (plural vocative)
मयणाभी (nominative singular)
मयणाभीओ (nominative plural)
मयणाभी (nominative plural)
मयणाभिं (accusative singular)
मयणाभीओ (accusative plural)
मयणाभी (accusative plural)
मयणाभीए (instrumental singular)
मयणाभीहि (instrumental plural)
मयणाभीहिं (instrumental plural)
मयणाभीओ (ablative singular)
मयणाभीहिंतो (ablative plural)
मयणाभीए (genitive singular)
मयणाभीण (genitive plural)
मयणाभीणं (genitive plural)
मयणाभीए (locative singular)
मयणाभीसु (locative plural)
मयणाभीसुं (locative plural)
मयणाभि (singular vocative)
मयणाभी (singular vocative)
मयणाभीओ (plural vocative)
मयणाभी (plural vocative)

𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺 𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀫𑀬𑀡𑀸𑀪𑀺 (“musk”)


𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अलंकार</i>

alaṃkāra (romanization)
अलंकार (Devanagari)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀸 (plural vocative)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit अलंकार (alaṃkāra)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀭 (alaṃkāra)
Inherited from Sanskrit अलंकार (alaṃkāra). Cognate with Pali alaṃkāra.


भूसण

bhūsaṇa (romanization)
भूसणं (nominative singular)
भूसणाइं (nominative plural)
भूसणाइ (nominative plural)
भूसणं (accusative singular)
भूसणाइं (accusative plural)
भूसणाइ (accusative plural)
भूसणेण (instrumental singular)
भूसणेणं (instrumental singular)
भूसणेहि (instrumental plural)
भूसणेहिं (instrumental plural)
भूसणाअ (dative singular)
भूसणाओ (ablative singular)
भूसणाउ (ablative singular)
भूसणा (ablative singular)
भूसणाहि (ablative singular)
भूसणाहिंतो (ablative singular)
भूसणस्स (genitive singular)
भूसणाण (genitive plural)
भूसणाणं (genitive plural)
भूसणम्मि (locative singular)
भूसणे (locative singular)
भूसणेसु (locative plural)
भूसणेसुं (locative plural)
भूसण (singular vocative)
भूसणा (singular vocative)
भूसणाइं (plural vocative)
भूसणाइ (plural vocative)

𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡 𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡 (“ornament, decoration”)


𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">भूसण</i>

bhūsaṇa (romanization)
भूसण (Devanagari)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit भूष् (bhūṣ)
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Sanskrit -अन (-ana)
Sanskrit भूषण (bhūṣaṇa)
Prakrit 𑀪𑀽𑀲𑀡 (bhūsaṇa)
Inherited from Sanskrit भूषण (bhūṣaṇa). Cognate with Pali bhūsana.


𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">एगारसी</i>

egārasī (romanization)
एगारसी (Devanagari)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻 (plural vocative)

desctree

Apabhramsa: एगारसी (egārasī)
Central:
Hindi: ग्यारस (gyāras)
Western:
Gujarati: અગિયારસ (agiyāras)

Inherited from Sanskrit एकादशी (ekādaśī).


एगारसी

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एगारसी (egārasī) f

pra-head

एगारसी (egārasī) f

pra-noun

एगारसी (egārasī) f

egārasī (romanization)
एगारसी (nominative singular)
एगारसीओ (nominative plural)
एगारसी (nominative plural)
एगारसिं (accusative singular)
एगारसीओ (accusative plural)
एगारसी (accusative plural)
एगारसीए (instrumental singular)
एगारसीहि (instrumental plural)
एगारसीहिं (instrumental plural)
एगारसीओ (ablative singular)
एगारसीहिंतो (ablative plural)
एगारसीए (genitive singular)
एगारसीण (genitive plural)
एगारसीणं (genitive plural)
एगारसीए (locative singular)
एगारसीसु (locative plural)
एगारसीसुं (locative plural)
एगारसि (singular vocative)
एगारसी (singular vocative)
एगारसीओ (plural vocative)
एगारसी (plural vocative)

𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻 𑀏𑀕𑀸𑀭𑀲𑀻#Prakrit


𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अलंकिय</i>

alaṃkiya (romanization)
अलंकिय (Devanagari)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Apabhramsa: 𑆄𑆬𑆁𑆑𑆴𑆪𑆃 (ālaṃkiyaa)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit अलंकृत (alaṃkṛta)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬 (alaṃkiya)
Inherited from Sanskrit अलंकृत (alaṃkṛta).


अलंकिय

alaṃkiya (romanization)
अलंकियो (nominative singular)
अलंकिया (nominative plural)
अलंकियं (accusative singular)
अलंकिये (accusative plural)
अलंकिया (accusative plural)
अलंकियेण (instrumental singular)
अलंकियेणं (instrumental singular)
अलंकियेहि (instrumental plural)
अलंकियेहिं (instrumental plural)
अलंकियाअ (dative singular)
अलंकियाओ (ablative singular)
अलंकियाउ (ablative singular)
अलंकिया (ablative singular)
अलंकियाहि (ablative singular)
अलंकियाहिंतो (ablative singular)
अलंकियस्स (genitive singular)
अलंकियाण (genitive plural)
अलंकियाणं (genitive plural)
अलंकियम्मि (locative singular)
अलंकिये (locative singular)
अलंकियेसु (locative plural)
अलंकियेसुं (locative plural)
अलंकिय (singular vocative)
अलंकिया (singular vocative)
अलंकिया (plural vocative)
अलंकिया (nominative singular)
अलंकियाओ (nominative plural)
अलंकियाउ (nominative plural)
अलंकिया (nominative plural)
अलंकियं (accusative singular)
अलंकियाओ (accusative plural)
अलंकियाउ (accusative plural)
अलंकिया (accusative plural)
अलंकियाए (instrumental singular)
अलंकियाइ (instrumental singular)
अलंकियाअ (instrumental singular)
अलंकियाहि (instrumental plural)
अलंकियाहिं (instrumental plural)
अलंकियाओ (ablative singular)
अलंकियाउ (ablative singular)
अलंकियाहिंतो (ablative plural)
अलंकियाए (genitive singular)
अलंकियाइ (genitive singular)
अलंकियाअ (genitive singular)
अलंकियाण (genitive plural)
अलंकियाणं (genitive plural)
अलंकियाए (locative singular)
अलंकियाइ (locative singular)
अलंकियाअ (locative singular)
अलंकियासु (locative plural)
अलंकियासुं (locative plural)
अलंकिये (singular vocative)
अलंकिया (singular vocative)
अलंकियाओ (plural vocative)
अलंकियाउ (plural vocative)
अलंकिया (plural vocative)
अलंकियं (nominative singular)
अलंकियाइं (nominative plural)
अलंकियाइ (nominative plural)
अलंकियं (accusative singular)
अलंकियाइं (accusative plural)
अलंकियाइ (accusative plural)
अलंकियेण (instrumental singular)
अलंकियेणं (instrumental singular)
अलंकियेहि (instrumental plural)
अलंकियेहिं (instrumental plural)
अलंकियाअ (dative singular)
अलंकियाओ (ablative singular)
अलंकियाउ (ablative singular)
अलंकिया (ablative singular)
अलंकियाहि (ablative singular)
अलंकियाहिंतो (ablative singular)
अलंकियस्स (genitive singular)
अलंकियाण (genitive plural)
अलंकियाणं (genitive plural)
अलंकियम्मि (locative singular)
अलंकिये (locative singular)
अलंकियेसु (locative plural)
अलंकियेसुं (locative plural)
अलंकिय (singular vocative)
अलंकिया (singular vocative)
अलंकियाइं (plural vocative)
अलंकियाइ (plural vocative)

𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬 𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀅𑀮𑀁𑀓𑀺𑀬 (“adorned, decorated”)


𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀼𑀮𑀺

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अंगुलि</i>

aṃguli (romanization)
अंगुलि (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Braj: आंगुरी (āṅgurī)

Domaaki: اگول (agūla)

Haryanvi: आंगळी (āṅgaḷī)

Old Hindi: अंगुली (aṃgulī)

Hindustani:

desc

Hindi: अंगुली (aṅgulī), उंगली (uṅglī), अंगुल (aṅgul), उंगल (uṅgal)

Urdu: اَنْگُلِی (angulī), اُنْگلِی (unglī), اَنْگُل (angul), اُنْگَل (ungal)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

আঙ্গুলিয়াইব<der>

Assamese: আঙুলি (aṅuli), ⇒ আঙ্গুলিয়াইব (aṅguliaibo)

Bengali: আঙ্গুল (aṅgul), আঙুল (aṅul), আঙ্গুলি (aṅguli), ⇒ আঙলানো (aṅlanō)

Bihari:

Maithili: आँगर (ā̃gar), अङ्गुरिआ (aṅguriā)

Odia: ଆଙ୍ଗୁଳି (āṅguḷi)

Odia: ଆଙ୍ଗୁଳି (āṅguḷi)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Dhivehi: އިނގިލި (iⁿgili)

Sinhalese: ඇඟිලි (æⁿgili), ඇඟිල (æⁿgila)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: अङ्गुलि (aṅuli), अङ्गुलो (āṅulo)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: अउँलि (a͠uli), अउँलो (a͠ulo)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: अङ्गुलि (aṅguli)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਅੰਗੁਲੀ (aṅgulī), ਉਂਗੁਲ (uṅgul), ਉਂਗੁਲੀ (uṅgulī), ਉਂਗਲ (uṅgal), ਉਂਗਲੀ (uṅgalī)

Shahmukhi script: انگُلِی, اُنگُل (ungul), اُنگُلِی (ungulī), اُنگَل (ungal), اُنگَلِی (ungalī)

Kachchi: આંઘર (ā̃ghar)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: آڱُرِ (āṅuri)

Devanagari script: आङुरि (āṅuri)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: आंगोळी (āṅgoḷī), आंगळी (āṅgḷī)

Marathi: आंगोळी (āṅgoḷī), आंगळी (āṅgḷī)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati: अंगुली (aṃgulī)

આંગળિયું<der>

Gujarati: આંગળી (ā̃gaḷī), આંગળું (ā̃gaḷũ), ⇒ આંગળિયું (ā̃gaḷiyũ)

Romani: angul, úngli

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eng-der.
Sanskrit अङ्गुरि (aṅguri)
Sanskrit अ॒ङ्गुलि॑ (aṅgúli)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀼𑀮𑀺 (aṃguli)
Inherited from Sanskrit अ॒ङ्गुलि॑ (aṅgúli), from अङ्गुरि (aṅguri), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eng-.


𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">झमाल</i>

jhamāla (romanization)
झमाल (Devanagari)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮 (singular vocative)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Old Gujarati: झमाल (jhamāla)

Perhaps from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀛𑀫𑁆𑀫𑁆 (*jhamm).

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jhamm”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 295


𑀛𑀸𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">झाण</i>

jhāṇa (romanization)
झाण (Devanagari)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀛𑀸𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

desctree

Apabhramsa: झाण (jhāṇa)
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
Old Bengali: ঝাণ (jhāṇa)
Western Indo-Aryan:
Old Gujarati: झाण (jhāṇa)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit ध्यै (dhyai)
Sanskrit ध्यान (dhyāna)
Prakrit 𑀛𑀸𑀡 (jhāṇa)
Inherited from Sanskrit ध्यान (dhyāna). Cognate with Pali jhāna.