झमाल

jhamāla (romanization)
झमालं (nominative singular)
झमालाइं (nominative plural)
झमालाइ (nominative plural)
झमालं (accusative singular)
झमालाइं (accusative plural)
झमालाइ (accusative plural)
झमालेण (instrumental singular)
झमालेणं (instrumental singular)
झमालेहि (instrumental plural)
झमालेहिं (instrumental plural)
झमालाअ (dative singular)
झमालाओ (ablative singular)
झमालाउ (ablative singular)
झमाला (ablative singular)
झमालाहि (ablative singular)
झमालाहिंतो (ablative singular)
झमालस्स (genitive singular)
झमालाण (genitive plural)
झमालाणं (genitive plural)
झमालम्मि (locative singular)
झमाले (locative singular)
झमालेसु (locative plural)
झमालेसुं (locative plural)
झमाल (singular vocative)
झमाला (singular vocative)
झमालाइं (plural vocative)
झमालाइ (plural vocative)

𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮 𑀛𑀫𑀸𑀮#Prakrit


𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मोक्ख</i>

mŏkkha (romanization)
मोक्ख (Devanagari)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (plural vocative)

desctree

Apabhramsa: मोक्ख (mokkha)
Central Indo-Aryan:
Old Awadhi: मोखू (mokhū)
Insular Indo-Aryan:
Sinhalese: මොක් (mok)
Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਮੋਖ (mokh)
Shahmukhi script: موکھ (mokh)
Saraiki: موکھ (mokh)
Sindhi:
Arabic script: موکُ (mokhu), موکَ (mokha)
Devanagari script: मोखु (mokhu), मोख (mokha)
Western Indo-Aryan:
Gujarati: મોખ (mokh)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *(s)mewk-
Sanskrit मुच् (muc)
Sanskrit मोक्ष् (mokṣ)
Sanskrit -अ (-a)
Sanskrit मोक्ष (mokṣa)
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀫𑁄𑀔 (mokha)
Prakrit 𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔 (mŏkkha)
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀫𑁄𑀔 (mokha), from Sanskrit मोक्ष (mokṣa), from मोक्ष् (mokṣ) + -अ (-a).


𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀭

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अक्खर</i>

akkhara (romanization)
अक्खर (Devanagari)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ne
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *a-
Sanskrit अ- (a-)
Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰer-
Proto-Indo-Aryan *gẓʰar-
Sanskrit क्षर् (kṣar)
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Sanskrit -अ (-a)
Sanskrit क्षर (kṣara)
Sanskrit अ॒क्षर॑ (akṣára)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀭 (akkhara)
Inherited from Sanskrit अ॒क्षर॑ (akṣára), from अ- (a-) + क्षर (kṣara).


𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀭

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: आखर (ākhar)

Urdu: آکھَر (ākhar)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: আখৰ (akhor)

Bihari:

Maithili: आखर (ākhar)

Odia: ଆଖର (ākhara)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Dhivehi: އަކުރު (akuru)

Sinhalese: අකුර (akura)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Kumaoni: आँखर

Nepali: आखर (ākhar)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਅੱਖਰ (akkhar)

Shahmukhi script: اَکّھَر (akkhar)

Kachchi: અખર (akhar)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: اَکَرُ (akharu)

Devanagari script: अखरु (akharu)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Marwari: आखर (ākhar)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: अंछर (añchar)

Urdu: اَچھَر (achar)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Marwari: अच्छर (acchar)


झाण

jhāṇa (romanization)
झाणं (nominative singular)
झाणाइं (nominative plural)
झाणाइ (nominative plural)
झाणं (accusative singular)
झाणाइं (accusative plural)
झाणाइ (accusative plural)
झाणेण (instrumental singular)
झाणेणं (instrumental singular)
झाणेहि (instrumental plural)
झाणेहिं (instrumental plural)
झाणाअ (dative singular)
झाणाओ (ablative singular)
झाणाउ (ablative singular)
झाणा (ablative singular)
झाणाहि (ablative singular)
झाणाहिंतो (ablative singular)
झाणस्स (genitive singular)
झाणाण (genitive plural)
झाणाणं (genitive plural)
झाणम्मि (locative singular)
झाणे (locative singular)
झाणेसु (locative plural)
झाणेसुं (locative plural)
झाण (singular vocative)
झाणा (singular vocative)
झाणाइं (plural vocative)
झाणाइ (plural vocative)


𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀻

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सारी</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: सार (sār)

Urdu: سار (sār)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: শারী (śari)

Odia: ସାର (sāra), ସାରି (sāri)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: सारी (sārī)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: सारू (sārū)

Urdu: سارُو (sārū)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: শালিকা (xalika)

Bengali: শালিক (śalik)

desc

Odia: ଶାଳିକା (śāḷikā)

Odia: ଶାଳିକା (śāḷikā)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit शारि॑ (śā́ri)
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀮𑀺𑀓𑀸 (sālikā)
Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀻 (sārī)
Inherited from Sanskrit शारि॑ (śā́ri, “myna bird”).


मोक्ख

mŏkkha (romanization)
मोक्खो (nominative singular)
मोक्खा (nominative plural)
मोक्खं (accusative singular)
मोक्खे (accusative plural)
मोक्खा (accusative plural)
मोक्खेण (instrumental singular)
मोक्खेणं (instrumental singular)
मोक्खेहि (instrumental plural)
मोक्खेहिं (instrumental plural)
मोक्खाअ (dative singular)
मोक्खाओ (ablative singular)
मोक्खाउ (ablative singular)
मोक्खा (ablative singular)
मोक्खाहि (ablative singular)
मोक्खाहिंतो (ablative singular)
मोक्खस्स (genitive singular)
मोक्खाण (genitive plural)
मोक्खाणं (genitive plural)
मोक्खम्मि (locative singular)
मोक्खे (locative singular)
मोक्खेसु (locative plural)
मोक्खेसुं (locative plural)
मोक्ख (singular vocative)
मोक्खा (singular vocative)
मोक्खा (plural vocative)

𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔 𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔#Prakrit


जुण्ण

head

जुण्ण (juṇṇa)

pra-head

जुण्ण (juṇṇa)

pra-adj

जुण्ण (juṇṇa)

𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡 𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡#Prakrit


उग्ग

𑀉𑀕𑁆𑀕 𑀉𑀕𑁆𑀕#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀉𑀕𑁆𑀕 (“strong”)


𑀉𑀉

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उउ</i>

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-der.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥túš
Sanskrit ऋ॒तु (ṛtú)
Prakrit 𑀉𑀉 (uu)
Inherited from Sanskrit ऋ॒तु (ṛtú).


𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जुण्ण</i>

juṇṇa (romanization)
जुण्ण (Devanagari)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Gujarati: જૂનું (jūnũ)

Hindi: जून (jūn)

Konkani: जुनें (junẽ)

Marathi: जुना (junā)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂-der.
Sanskrit जूर्ण (jūrṇa)
Prakrit 𑀚𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡 (juṇṇa)
Inherited from Sanskrit जूर्ण (jūrṇa).


सज्जो

𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁄 𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁄#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁄 (“at once”)


सज्जं

𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀁 𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀁#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀁 (“at once”)


𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀁

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सज्जं</i>

sajjaṃ (romanization)
सज्जं (Devanagari)

𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁄 𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁄#Prakrit


𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सज्ज</i>

𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁄 𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁄#Prakrit


𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁄

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सज्जो</i>

Inherited from Sanskrit स॒द्यः (sadyáḥ).


पुण्णिमा

पुण्णिमा (puṇṇimā)

pra-head

पुण्णिमा (puṇṇimā)

pra-noun

पुण्णिमा (puṇṇimā)

𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸 𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸 (“full moon”)


रक्खइ

𑀭𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 𑀭𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀭𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (“to guard, protect”)


𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पुण्णिमा</i>

𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸 (puṇṇimā) f (Devanagari पुण्णिमा)

puṇṇimā (romanization)
पुण्णिमा (Devanagari)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani: pūnam

Hindi: पूनम

desc

Urdu: پُونَم

Urdu: پُونَم

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi: पुनिव (puniva), पुणिव (puṇiva)

Western Indo-Aryan:

desctree

Old Gujarati: पूनिम (pūnima)
Gujarati: પૂનમ (pūnam)

→ Dravidian:

Old Kannada: ಪುಣ್ಣಿಮೆ (puṇṇime)

Kannada: ಹುಣ್ಣಿಮೆ (huṇṇime)

Telugu: పున్నమి (punnami)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hnás
Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s
Proto-Indo-Iranian *mā́Has
Sanskrit पूर्णमास् (pūrṇamās)
Sanskrit पूर्णिमा (pūrṇimā)
Prakrit 𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺𑀫𑀸 (puṇṇimā)
Inherited from Sanskrit पूर्णिमा (pūrṇimā). Cognate with Pali puṇṇamā.


𑀨𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀼𑀲

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">फुप्फुस</i>

𑀨𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀼𑀲 (phupphusa) n (Devanagari फुप्फुस)

phupphusa (romanization)
फुप्फुस (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

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Hindi: फप्फस (phapphas, “swollen”), फफसा (phaphsā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Odia: ଫୁଫୁସ (phuphusa)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: පපු (papu)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

>? Nepali: फोक्सो (phokso)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Kachchi: ફેફસો (phephso)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: फोपीस (phopīs)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: ફેફસું (phephsũ)

→ Pashto: پړپوس (paṛpus)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: फेफड़ा (phephṛā)

Urdu: پھیپھْڑا (phephṛā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: ফোপরা (phōpora)

Bihari:

Maithili: फेफड़ा (phēphᵊṛā)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Kachchi: ફિપફડ઼ (phipphaṛ)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਫੇਫੜਾ (phephṛā)

Shahmukhi script: پھیپھْڑا (phephṛā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڦِڦَڙَ (phiphaṛa)

Devanagari script: फिफड़ (phiphaṛa)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit फुप्फुस (phupphusa)
Prakrit 𑀨𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀼𑀲 (phupphusa)
Inherited from Sanskrit फुप्फुस (phupphusa), फुफुस (phuphusa), पुप्फुस (pupphusa, “lung”), ultimately onomatopoeic and related to several words involving the sound of blowing air, including फुत्कार (phutkāra, “huffing, hissing”), पुप्फुल (pupphula, “flatulency”), and फुप्फुकारक (phupphukāraka, “panting, gasping”). Cognate with Pali papphāsa.


कुद्ध

𑀓𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 𑀓𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀓𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (“angry”)


𑀓𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">कुद्ध</i>

kuddha (romanization)
कुद्ध (Devanagari)

Inherited from Sanskrit क्रुद्ध (kruddhá).


𑀭𑀽𑀠

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">रूढ</i>


𑀖𑀸𑀲

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">घास</i>

ghāsa (romanization)
घास (Devanagari)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀖𑀸𑀲 (singular vocative)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀖𑀸𑀲𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani: ghās

Hindi: घास

Urdu: گھاس

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali: গাস (gaś)

Early Assamese: ঘাঁস (gha̐so)

Assamese: ঘাঁহ (ghãh)

Odia: ଘାସ (ghāsa)

Sylheti: ꠊꠣ (gá)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: घाँस (ghā̃s)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Kholosi: xāz

Punjabi: ghāh

Gurmukhi script: ਘਾਹ

Shahmukhi script: گھاہ

Sindhi: gāhu

Arabic script: گاهه

Devanagari script: गाहु

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: ઘાસ (ghās)

Romani: khas (“hay”)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit घास (ghāsa)
Prakrit 𑀖𑀸𑀲 (ghāsa)
Inherited from Sanskrit घास (ghāsa). Cognate with Pali ghāsa.


𑀚𑀁𑀖𑀸

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जंघा</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Awadhi: जांघ (jāṅgh)

Hindustani:

Hindi: जाँघ (jāṅgh), जांघ (jāṅgh)

Urdu: جانْگھ (jāngh)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: জাং (zaṅ)

Bengali: জাং (jaṅ), জঙ্গি (joṅgi)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: जाङ्ह (jāṅha)

Maithili: जांघ (jāṅgh)

Odia: ଜଙ୍ଘ (jaṅgha)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: දඟය (daⁿgaya)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Kumaoni: जाङ (jāṅ)

Nepali: जांघ (jāṅgha), जाङ (jāṅ)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: झङ्ग (jhaṅg)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਜੰਘ (jaṅgh)

Shahmukhi script: جَنگھ (jangh)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڄَنگههَ (j̄aṅgha)

Devanagari script: ॼंघ (j̄aṅgha)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: जांग (zāṅg)

Marathi: जांग (jāṅga)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: જાંઘ (jā̃gh)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰángʰas
Sanskrit जङ्घा॑ (jáṅghā)
Prakrit 𑀚𑀁𑀖𑀸 (jaṃghā)
Inherited from Sanskrit जङ्घा॑ (jáṅghā), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰángʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ- + *-os.

etymon

shank (part of the leg between the knee and ankle)


𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मग्ग</i>

magga (romanization)
मग्ग (Devanagari)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (plural vocative)

Apabhramsa: मग्ग (magga), 𑆩𑆓𑇀𑆓 (magga) (see there for further descendants)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥gás
Sanskrit मृग (mṛga)vrd.
Sanskrit मार्ग (mārga)
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀫𑀕 (maga)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕 (magga)
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀫𑀕 (maga /magga/), from Sanskrit मार्ग (mārga).


मग्ग

magga (romanization)
मग्गो (nominative singular)
मग्गा (nominative plural)
मग्गं (accusative singular)
मग्गे (accusative plural)
मग्गा (accusative plural)
मग्गेण (instrumental singular)
मग्गेणं (instrumental singular)
मग्गेहि (instrumental plural)
मग्गेहिं (instrumental plural)
मग्गाअ (dative singular)
मग्गाओ (ablative singular)
मग्गाउ (ablative singular)
मग्गा (ablative singular)
मग्गाहि (ablative singular)
मग्गाहिंतो (ablative singular)
मग्गस्स (genitive singular)
मग्गाण (genitive plural)
मग्गाणं (genitive plural)
मग्गम्मि (locative singular)
मग्गे (locative singular)
मग्गेसु (locative plural)
मग्गेसुं (locative plural)
मग्ग (singular vocative)
मग्गा (singular vocative)
मग्गा (plural vocative)

𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕 𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕 (“road, way, path”)


𑀲𑀸𑀲

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सास</i>

sāsa (romanization)
सास (Devanagari)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀲 (sāsa)

Awadhi: साँस (sā̃s)

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: સાસ (sās), હાંસ (hā̃s)

desc

Marwari: सा (sā), सास (sās), सासा (sāsā)

Hindustani: sāns

Hindi: सांस, साँस

Hindi: सांस, साँस

Urdu: سانس

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Odia: ସାସ (sāsa)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: साँस (sā̃s)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: सास (sās)

Kumaoni: सास (sās)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: सास (sās)

Southern:

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀲 (sāsa)

Old Marathi: 𑘭𑘻𑘭 / सोस (sosa)

Western:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Punjabi: sāh

Gurmukhi script: ਸਾਹ

Shahmukhi script: سَاہ

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: sāhu

Arabic script: سَاهُ

Devanagari script: साहु

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱwos-ó-s
Sanskrit श्वास (śvāsa)
Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀲 (sāsa)
Inherited from Sanskrit श्वास (śvāsa).


दइ

Devanagari script form of 𑀤𑀇 (“leather bag”)


दिइ

Devanagari script form of 𑀤𑀺𑀇 (“leather bag”)


𑀯𑀺𑀯𑀸𑀳

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">विवाह</i>

vivāha (romanization)
विवाह (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: ब्याह (byāh)

Urdu: بِیاہ (biyāh)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: বিয়ে (biẏe)

desctree

Early Assamese: বিহা (biha)
Assamese: বিয়া (bia)

Sylheti: ꠛꠤꠀ (bia)

Odia: ବିହା (bihā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: बिहा (bihā)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਵਿਆਹ (viāha)

Shahmukhi script: وِیاہ (vīyāh)

Sindhi: vihā̃u

Arabic script: وهانؤ

Devanagari script: विहांउ

Southern Indo-Aryan:

desc

Old Marathi: विवाओ (vivāo), वेओ (veo), विव्हा (vivhā)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: વિવાહ (vivāh)

Romani: biav

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *wi
Sanskrit वि- (vi-)
Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *waȷ́ʰ-
Sanskrit वह् (vah)
Sanskrit वाह (vāha)
Sanskrit विवाह (vivāha)
Prakrit 𑀯𑀺𑀯𑀸𑀳 (vivāha)
Inherited from Sanskrit विवाह (vivāha).


𑀤𑀺𑀇

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">दिइ</i>

Alternative form of 𑀤𑀇 (daï, “a bag made of leather used for carrying water or other liquids”)


𑀓𑀼𑀁𑀘𑀺𑀬𑀸

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">कुंचिया</i>

𑀓𑀼𑀁𑀘𑀺𑀬𑀸 (kuṃciyā) f (Devanagari कुंचिया)

kuṃciyā (romanization)
कुंचिया (Devanagari)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Odia: କଞ୍ଚି (kañci)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Kachchi: કૂંજી (kū̃jī)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਕੁੰਜੀ (kuñjī)

Shahmukhi script: کُن٘جِی (kuṉjī)

Saraiki: کُن٘جِی (kuṉjī)

Sindhi: kuñjī

Arabic script: ڪُنجيِ

Devanagari script: कुंजी

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: કૂંચી (kū̃cī)

Marwari: कूंची (kūñcī)

Inherited from Sanskrit कुञ्चिका (kuñcikā). Cognate with Pali kuñcikā.

etymon

sa>कुञ्चिका>key

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kuñcikā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 165


ण्हाद

head

ण्हाद (ṇhāda)

pra-head

ण्हाद (ṇhāda)

pra-adj

ण्हाद (ṇhāda)

𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀤 𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀤#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀤 (“bathed, washed”)


ण्हाअ

head

ण्हाअ (ṇhāa)

pra-head

ण्हाअ (ṇhāa)

pra-adj

ण्हाअ (ṇhāa)

𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀅 𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀅#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀅 (“bathed, washed”)


𑀤𑀇

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">दइ</i>

q

Old Gujarati: दइडउ (daïḍaü, “leather ball”) (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀟- (-ḍa-) + -𑀓- (-ka-))

Gujarati: દેડો (deḍo)

a bag made of leather used for carrying water or other liquids


𑀥𑀽𑀫

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">धूम</i>

dhūma (romanization)
धूम (Devanagari)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀥𑀽𑀫 (singular vocative)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀥𑀽𑀫𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani: dhūā̃

Hindi: धूआँ

desc

Urdu: دُھواں

Urdu: دُھواں

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali-Assamese:

Assamese: ধোঁৱা (dhü̃a)

Bengali: ধোঁয়া (dhō̃ẇa)

Sylheti: ꠗꠥꠝꠣ (dúma)

Bihari:

Angika: dhūā̃

Devanagari script: धूआँ

Kaithi script: 𑂡𑂴𑂄𑂀

Magahi: dhūā̃

Devanagari script: धूआँ

Kaithi script: 𑂡𑂴𑂄𑂀

Maithili: dhuā̃

Devanagari script: धुआँ

Tirhuta script: 𑒡𑒳𑒂𑒿

Odia: ଧୂଆଁ (dhuā̃)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Dhivehi: ދުން (dun̊)

Sinhalese: දුම (duma)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Garhwali: धुवाँ (dhuvā̃)

Kumaoni: धूवाँ

Nepali: धुवाँ (dhuwā̃)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: dhū̃ā̃

Gurmukhi script: ਧੂੰਆਂ

Shahmukhi script: دُھواں

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: ધૂમ (dhūm)

Romani: thuv

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂-
Proto-Indo-European *-mós
Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás
Sanskrit धूम (dhūma)
Prakrit 𑀥𑀽𑀫 (dhūma)
Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀥𑀽𑀫 (dhūmá). Cognate with Pali dhūma.

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dhūmá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press: “Pa. Pk. dhūma- m. 'smoke'”


मच्चु

𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀼 𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀼#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀼 (“death”)


मिच्चु

𑀫𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀼 𑀫𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀼#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀫𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀼 (“death”)


𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀼

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मच्चु</i>


𑀫𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀼

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मिच्चु</i>

miccu (romanization)
मिच्चु (Devanagari)

Hindi: मीच (mīc)


कण्णउज्ज

kaṇṇaüjja (romanization)
कण्णउज्जो (nominative singular)
कण्णउज्जा (nominative plural)
कण्णउज्जं (accusative singular)
कण्णउज्जे (accusative plural)
कण्णउज्जा (accusative plural)
कण्णउज्जेण (instrumental singular)
कण्णउज्जेणं (instrumental singular)
कण्णउज्जेहि (instrumental plural)
कण्णउज्जेहिं (instrumental plural)
कण्णउज्जाअ (dative singular)
कण्णउज्जाओ (ablative singular)
कण्णउज्जाउ (ablative singular)
कण्णउज्जा (ablative singular)
कण्णउज्जाहि (ablative singular)
कण्णउज्जाहिंतो (ablative singular)
कण्णउज्जस्स (genitive singular)
कण्णउज्जाण (genitive plural)
कण्णउज्जाणं (genitive plural)
कण्णउज्जम्मि (locative singular)
कण्णउज्जे (locative singular)
कण्णउज्जेसु (locative plural)
कण्णउज्जेसुं (locative plural)
कण्णउज्ज (singular vocative)
कण्णउज्जा (singular vocative)
कण्णउज्जा (plural vocative)
कण्णउज्जं (nominative singular)
कण्णउज्जाइं (nominative plural)
कण्णउज्जाइ (nominative plural)
कण्णउज्जं (accusative singular)
कण्णउज्जाइं (accusative plural)
कण्णउज्जाइ (accusative plural)
कण्णउज्जेण (instrumental singular)
कण्णउज्जेणं (instrumental singular)
कण्णउज्जेहि (instrumental plural)
कण्णउज्जेहिं (instrumental plural)
कण्णउज्जाअ (dative singular)
कण्णउज्जाओ (ablative singular)
कण्णउज्जाउ (ablative singular)
कण्णउज्जा (ablative singular)
कण्णउज्जाहि (ablative singular)
कण्णउज्जाहिंतो (ablative singular)
कण्णउज्जस्स (genitive singular)
कण्णउज्जाण (genitive plural)
कण्णउज्जाणं (genitive plural)
कण्णउज्जम्मि (locative singular)
कण्णउज्जे (locative singular)
कण्णउज्जेसु (locative plural)
कण्णउज्जेसुं (locative plural)
कण्णउज्ज (singular vocative)
कण्णउज्जा (singular vocative)
कण्णउज्जाइं (plural vocative)
कण्णउज्जाइ (plural vocative)

𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚 𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚#Prakrit


𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">कण्णउज्ज</i>

𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚 (kaṇṇaüjja) m or n (Devanagari कण्णउज्ज)

kaṇṇaüjja (romanization)
कण्णउज्ज (Devanagari)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Eastern Hindi:

Old Awadhi: kanaüja

Devanagari script: कनउज

Kaithi script: 𑂍𑂢𑂇𑂔

Western Hindi:

Braj: कनोज (kanoj), कनौज (kanauj)

Hindi: कन्नौज (kannauj)

Kannauji: कन्नौज

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

desc

Bengali: কনৌজ (konōuj), কন্নৌজ (konnōuj)

Odia: କନଉଜ (kanauja), କାନଉଜ (kānauja)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ken-der.
Sanskrit कन्य (kanya)
Sanskrit कुब्ज (kubja)
Sanskrit कन्यकुब्ज (kanyakubja)
Prakrit 𑀓𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚 (kaṇṇaüjja)
Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀓𑀦𑁆𑀬𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀚 (kanyakubja).

etymon

sa>कन्यकुब्ज>place

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kanyakubja”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 137: “Pk. Kaṇṇaüjja- m.n.”

Kannauj (a historical region of Uttar Pradesh, India)


अहिण्णाण

head

अहिण्णाण (ahiṇṇāṇa) n

pra-head

अहिण्णाण (ahiṇṇāṇa) n

pra-noun

अहिण्णाण (ahiṇṇāṇa) n

ahiṇṇāṇa (romanization)
अहिण्णाणं (nominative singular)
अहिण्णाणाइं (nominative plural)
अहिण्णाणाइ (nominative plural)
अहिण्णाणं (accusative singular)
अहिण्णाणाइं (accusative plural)
अहिण्णाणाइ (accusative plural)
अहिण्णाणेण (instrumental singular)
अहिण्णाणेणं (instrumental singular)
अहिण्णाणेहि (instrumental plural)
अहिण्णाणेहिं (instrumental plural)
अहिण्णाणाअ (dative singular)
अहिण्णाणाओ (ablative singular)
अहिण्णाणाउ (ablative singular)
अहिण्णाणा (ablative singular)
अहिण्णाणाहि (ablative singular)
अहिण्णाणाहिंतो (ablative singular)
अहिण्णाणस्स (genitive singular)
अहिण्णाणाण (genitive plural)
अहिण्णाणाणं (genitive plural)
अहिण्णाणम्मि (locative singular)
अहिण्णाणे (locative singular)
अहिण्णाणेसु (locative plural)
अहिण्णाणेसुं (locative plural)
अहिण्णाण (singular vocative)
अहिण्णाणा (singular vocative)
अहिण्णाणाइं (plural vocative)
अहिण्णाणाइ (plural vocative)

𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡 𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡#Prakrit


𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अहिण्णाण</i>

𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡 (ahiṇṇāṇa) n (Devanagari अहिण्णाण)

ahiṇṇāṇa (romanization)
अहिण्णाण (Devanagari)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent-
Proto-Indo-European *h₂énts?
Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Habʰí
Sanskrit अभि- (abhi-)
Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-
Sanskrit ज्ञा (jñā)
Sanskrit ज्ञान (jñāna)
Sanskrit अभिज्ञान (abhijñāna)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡 (ahiṇṇāṇa)
Inherited from Sanskrit अभिज्ञान (abhijñāna). Cognate with Pali abhiññāṇa.


𑀲𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सेत्त</i>

𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢 𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢#Prakrit

Alternative form of 𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢 (sitta); poured, irrigated, sprinkled


सेत्त

सेत्त (sĕtta)

pra-head

सेत्त (sĕtta)

pra-adj

सेत्त (sĕtta)

𑀲𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 𑀲𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀲𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (“poured, sprinkled, irrigated”)


सित्त

𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢 𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢 (“poured, sprinkled, irrigated”)


𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सित्त</i>

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “siktá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 773: “Pk. sitta-, setta-”


𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पण्णा</i>

paṇṇā (romanization)
पण्णा (Devanagari)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (plural vocative)

desc

>? Sanskrit: पण्डा (paṇḍā), पण्डित (paṇḍita) (see there for further descendants)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-
Proto-Indo-European *pró
Proto-Indo-European *pro-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pra-
Sanskrit प्र- (pra-)
Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-
Sanskrit ज्ञा (jñā)
Sanskrit प्रज्ञा (prajñā)
Prakrit 𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (paṇṇā)
Inherited from Sanskrit प्रज्ञा (prajñā), from प्र- (pra-) + ज्ञा (jñā).


𑀙𑀸𑀳𑀸

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">छाहा</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Hindi:

Hindi: छाँह (chā̃h), छाँव (chā̃v)

Urdu: چھاؤں (chāõ)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃-
Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂
Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃ih₂
Proto-Indo-Iranian *śćaHyáH
Sanskrit छाया (chāyā)
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (chāyā)
Prakrit 𑀙𑀸𑀆 (chāā)blend.
Prakrit 𑀆𑀳𑀸 (āhā)blend.
Prakrit 𑀙𑀸𑀳𑀸 (chāhā)
Variant of 𑀙𑀸𑀆 (chāā), from influence of 𑀆𑀳𑀸 (āhā), 𑀧𑀳𑀸 (pahā, “light”).


सित्थय

𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀬 𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀬#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀬 (“grain”)


𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सित्थय</i>

sitthaya (romanization)
सित्थय (Devanagari)

𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣 𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣#Prakrit

Alternative form of 𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣 (sittha); grain


𑀪𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Hindi:

Hindustani: भीजना / بھیجنا (bhījnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Assamese: ভিজা (bhiza)

Bengali: ভিজা (bhija)

Odia: ଭିଜିଯିବା (bhijijibā)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi: 𑘥𑘱𑘕𑘜𑘹 (bhijaṇe)

Marathi: भिजणे (bhijṇe)

Konkani: भिज्चे (bhijce), भिजप (bhijap)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: ਭਿੰਨਾ (bhinnā, “wet”)

Sindhi: ڀنو (bhino)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: ભીનું (bhīnũ, “wet”)

Replacing अभ्यङ्क्ते (abhyaṅkte, “annoints oneself”), from the root अभ्यञ्ज् (abhyañj), from अभि (abhi) + अञ्ज् (añj, “to annoint”), probably by analogy as if to be from a passive *अभ्यज्यते (abhyajyate). See 𑀪𑀕𑁆𑀕 (bhagga) for more.


सित्थ

𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣 𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣 (“rice, grain”)


𑀪𑀕𑁆𑀕

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">भग्ग</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Hindi:

Hindi: भीगा (bhīgā)

Urdu: بھیگا (bhegā)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: ਭਿੱਗਣਾ (bhiggaṇā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: भिग्नु (bhignu)

Ultimately from Sanskrit अभ्यञ्ज् (abhyañj), a compound root of अभि- (abhi-) + अञ्ज् (añj, “to annoint”). Related to 𑀅𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀢𑁆𑀢 (abbhatta, “annointed”), from अभ्यक्त (abhyakta) and 𑀅𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀁𑀕 (abbhaṃga, “annointing”) / 𑀅𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀁𑀕𑀇 (abbhaṃgaï, “to annoint”), from अभ्यंग (abhyaṃga). The initial 𑀅𑀩𑁆- (ab-) syllable was later lost by apheresis.
The replacement of -𑀢𑁆𑀢 (-tta) with 𑀕𑁆𑀕 (gga) is most likely by analogy to other past participles in 𑀕𑁆𑀕 (gga) like 𑀭𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀕 (rugga, “broken”), from Sanskrit -𑀕𑁆𑀦 (-gna), from the alternate past participle -𑀦 (-na) ending applied to roots ending in -𑀚𑁆 (-j). It is also possible that such a form survived while unattested in Sanskrit, from Proto-Indo-Aryan *HabʰiHagnás.


𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सित्थ</i>

sittha (romanization)
सित्थ (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Bundeli: सीत (sīt)

Hindustani: (“rice gruel, rice water”) sīth

Hindi: सीथ

Urdu: سِیتھ

Old Braj: सीथ (sīth, “grain”)

Braj: सीथ (sīth)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Magahi: sīth

Devanagari script: सीथ

Kaithi script: 𑂮𑂲𑂟

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Kumaoni: सितो (“grain of cooked rice”)

desc

Nepali: सितो (sito, “crumb of boiled rice”)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: (“cooked rice”) śīt

Devanagari script: शीत

Kannada script: ಶೀತ್

Latin script: xit

Old Marathi: śīta

Devanagari script: शीत

Modi script: 𑘫𑘲𑘝

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sikthá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 773: “Pk. sittha-, °aya- n. 'a preparation of rice'”


𑀲𑀫𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">समप्पेइ</i>

samappei (romanization)
समप्पेइ (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Hindi: सौंपना (sauṃpanā)

Hindi: सौंपना (sa͠upnā)

Urdu: سونپنا (sa͠upnā)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: ਸੌੰਪਣਾ / سونپݨا (saumpṇā)

desc

Sindhi: سَوْنپَڻُ

Sindhi: سَوْنپَڻُ / सौंपणु (saumpṇu)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: सुंप्नु (sumpnu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: सोपणे (sopṇe), सोपवणे (sopavṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: સોંપવું (sompvũ)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *sem-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *sam-
Sanskrit सम्- (sam-)
Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-
Sanskrit ऋ (ṛ)
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
Sanskrit -अयति (-ayati)
Sanskrit अर्पयति (arpayati)
Sanskrit समर्पयति (samarpayati)
Prakrit 𑀲𑀫𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀇 (samappei)
Inherited from Sanskrit समर्पयति (samarpayati), from सम्- (sam-) + अर्पयति (arpayati).


𑀣𑀺𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">थिअ</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Hindi: था (thā)

Hindi: था (thā)

Urdu: تھا (thā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: थियो (thiyo)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati:

desc

Gujarati: થયો (thayo, “became”), થવું (thavũ, “to happen, become”)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-European *sth₂tós
Sanskrit स्थित (sthita)
Prakrit 𑀣𑀺𑀅 (thia)
Inherited from Sanskrit स्थित (sthita, “stood”). The sense as a past tense of the copula is already attested as early as the Kharosthi inscriptions. Compare the development of French été, which is from the same Proto-Indo-European word.


𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अप्पेइ</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">અપ્પેઇ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಅಪ್ಪೇಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀇 (appei) (Devanagari अप्पेइ, Gujarati અપ્પેઇ, Kannada ಅಪ್ಪೇಇ) (transitive)

appei (romanization)
अप्पेइ (Devanagari)
અપ્પેઇ (Gujarati)
ಅಪ್ಪೇಇ (Kannada)

Apabhramsa: अप्पइ (appaï)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Maithili: āpab

Devanagari script: आपब

Tirhuta script: 𑒂𑒣𑒥

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati: अप्पिवउं (appivaüṃ)

Gujarati: આપવું (āpvũ, “to give”)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-
Sanskrit ऋ (ṛ)
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
Sanskrit -अयति (-ayati)
Sanskrit अर्पयति (arpayati)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀇 (appei)
 Prakrit verb set
 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀇 (appei)
 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀯𑁂𑀇 (appāvei)
Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀅𑀭𑁆𑀧𑀬𑀢𑀺 (arpáyati).

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “arpáyati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 30: “Pk. appēi 'hands over'”


અપ્પેઇ

𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀇 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀇#Prakrit

Gujarati script form of 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀇 (“to give, hand over”)


दुब्भिक्ख

dubbhikkha (romanization)
दुब्भिक्खं (nominative singular)
दुब्भिक्खाइं (nominative plural)
दुब्भिक्खाइ (nominative plural)
दुब्भिक्खं (accusative singular)
दुब्भिक्खाइं (accusative plural)
दुब्भिक्खाइ (accusative plural)
दुब्भिक्खेण (instrumental singular)
दुब्भिक्खेणं (instrumental singular)
दुब्भिक्खेहि (instrumental plural)
दुब्भिक्खेहिं (instrumental plural)
दुब्भिक्खाअ (dative singular)
दुब्भिक्खाओ (ablative singular)
दुब्भिक्खाउ (ablative singular)
दुब्भिक्खा (ablative singular)
दुब्भिक्खाहि (ablative singular)
दुब्भिक्खाहिंतो (ablative singular)
दुब्भिक्खस्स (genitive singular)
दुब्भिक्खाण (genitive plural)
दुब्भिक्खाणं (genitive plural)
दुब्भिक्खम्मि (locative singular)
दुब्भिक्खे (locative singular)
दुब्भिक्खेसु (locative plural)
दुब्भिक्खेसुं (locative plural)
दुब्भिक्ख (singular vocative)
दुब्भिक्खा (singular vocative)
दुब्भिक्खाइं (plural vocative)
दुब्भिक्खाइ (plural vocative)

𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔 𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔 (“famine”)


𑀳𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇

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*𑀳𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇 (*haṭṭaï)

pra-head

*𑀳𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇 (*haṭṭaï)

pra-verb

*𑀳𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇 (*haṭṭaï)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Hindi:

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Hindi: हटना (haṭnā, “to move”), हाँड़ना (hā̃ṛnā, “to roam, loiter”)

Urdu: ہٹنا (haṭnā), ہانڑنا (hā̃ṛnā)

Urdu: ہٹنا (haṭnā), ہانڑنا (hā̃ṛnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Old Bengali:

Bengali: হটা (hṭa), হঠা (hoṭha), হাঁটা (hãṭa)

Early Assamese: হাণ্ঠ্ (haṇṭh)

Assamese: হাঁঠ (hãth)

Maithili: हटब (haṭab)

Sylheti: ꠀꠐꠣ (aṭa)

Odia: ହଟିବା (haṭibā), ହାଣ୍ଟିବା (hāṇṭibā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Kumaoni: [script needed] (haṭṇo)

Nepali: हट्नु (haṭnu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Sindhi: [script needed] (haṭaṇu)

Lahnda: [script needed] (haṭaṇ)

Punjabi: ਹਟਣਾ (haṭṇā), ਹੰਢਣਾ (haṇḍhṇā)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi:

Marathi: हटणे (haṭṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: હઠવું (haṭhvũ)

Probably of the same source as Classical Sanskrit अण्ठते (aṇṭhate, “moves”), हिण्डते (hiṇḍate, “wanders”), which may be Proto-Dravidian *aṇṭṭ- (“to adhere, stick”), whence Tamil அண்டு (aṇṭu, “to approach”). Cognate with Kashmiri ہٹن (haṭun). Only prefixed 𑀑𑀳𑀝𑁆𑀝 (ohaṭṭa, “gone away”) is attested.

der

ओहटा

𑀑𑀳𑀝𑁆𑀝 (ohaṭṭa, “gone away”) (with 𑀑- (o-))


𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">चमक्क</i>

camakka (romanization)
चमक्क (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Hindi:

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Hindi: चौंकना (ca͠uknā), चौंक (ca͠uk), चमकना (camaknā), चमक (camak)

Urdu: چونکنا, چونک, چمکنا, چمک

Urdu: چونکنا, چونک, چمکنا, چمک

Old Awadhi: चौंकइ (cauṃkaï), चमकइ (camakaï)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: ਚੌਂਕਣਾ (cauṅkṇā), ਚਮਕਣਾ (camkaṇā), ਚਮਕਾਰ (camkār), ਚਮਕਾਰਾ (camkārā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali: [script needed] (caũkā)

Odia: ଚହଙ୍କିବା (cahaṅkibā, “to glitter”)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: चमक (camak)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi: 𑘓𑘰𑘦𑘎𑘜𑘹 (cāmakaṇe)

Marathi: चमकणे (camakṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: ચમકવું (camakvũ)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Hindi:

Hindi: चमचमाना (camacmānā)

Urdu: چمچمانا

Urdu: چمچمانا

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: चमचम (camacam)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: चमचमाट (camacmāṭ)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: ચમચમ (camcam)

With Sanskrit चमत्कृ (camatkṛ, “to express astonishment”), probably ultimately onomatopoeic.


𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">दुब्भिक्ख</i>

𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔 (dubbhikkha) n (Devanagari दुब्भिक्ख)

dubbhikkha (romanization)
दुब्भिक्ख (Devanagari)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔 (singular vocative)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dews-?
Proto-Indo-European *dus-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-
Sanskrit दुस्- (dus-)
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-
Sanskrit भज् (bhaj)
Sanskrit भिक्ष् (bhikṣ)
Sanskrit -आ (-ā)
Sanskrit भिक्षा (bhikṣā)
Sanskrit दुर्भिक्ष (durbhikṣa)
Prakrit 𑀤𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔 (dubbhikkha)
Inherited from Sanskrit दुर्भिक्ष (durbhikṣa). Cognate with Pali dubbhikkha.


𑀩𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">बज्झइ</i>

bajjhaï (romanization)
बज्झइ (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: बाझना (bājhnā)

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Urdu: باجھنا

Urdu: باجھنا

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi: ਬੱਝਣਾ (bajjhaṇā)

Saraiki: بَجّھَݨ (bajjhaṇ), بَجھَݨ (bajhaṇ)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ٻَجهَڻُ

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: બાઝવું (bājhvũ)

Prakrit verb set
 𑀩𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀇 (bajjhaï)
 𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀇 (baṃdhaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit बध्यते (badhyate), from बन्ध् (bandh) + -यते (-yate).


अइक्कमण

aïkkamaṇa (romanization)
अइक्कमणं (nominative singular)
अइक्कमणाइं (nominative plural)
अइक्कमणाइ (nominative plural)
अइक्कमणं (accusative singular)
अइक्कमणाइं (accusative plural)
अइक्कमणाइ (accusative plural)
अइक्कमणेण (instrumental singular)
अइक्कमणेणं (instrumental singular)
अइक्कमणेहि (instrumental plural)
अइक्कमणेहिं (instrumental plural)
अइक्कमणाअ (dative singular)
अइक्कमणाओ (ablative singular)
अइक्कमणाउ (ablative singular)
अइक्कमणा (ablative singular)
अइक्कमणाहि (ablative singular)
अइक्कमणाहिंतो (ablative singular)
अइक्कमणस्स (genitive singular)
अइक्कमणाण (genitive plural)
अइक्कमणाणं (genitive plural)
अइक्कमणम्मि (locative singular)
अइक्कमणे (locative singular)
अइक्कमणेसु (locative plural)
अइक्कमणेसुं (locative plural)
अइक्कमण (singular vocative)
अइक्कमणा (singular vocative)
अइक्कमणाइं (plural vocative)
अइक्कमणाइ (plural vocative)

𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡 𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡 (“overstepping, violation”)


𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अइक्कमण</i>

𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡 (aïkkamaṇa) n (Devanagari अइक्कमण)

aïkkamaṇa (romanization)
अइक्कमण (Devanagari)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

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Sinhalese: ඉක්මන (ikmana, “haste”, noun), ඉක්මන් (ikman, “quick”, adjective)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *éti
Sanskrit अति (ati)
Sanskrit क्रम् (kram)
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Sanskrit -अन (-ana)
Sanskrit क्रमण (kramaṇa)
Sanskrit अतिक्रमण (atikramaṇa)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀫𑀡 (aïkkamaṇa)
Inherited from Sanskrit अतिक्रमण (atikramaṇa). Cognate with Pali atikkamaṇa.


𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णीरोग</i>

ṇīroga (romanization)
णीरोग (Devanagari)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit नीरोग (nīroga)
Prakrit 𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕 (ṇīroga)
Inherited from Sanskrit नीरोग (nīroga). Cognate with Pali nīroga.


णीरोग

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णीरोग (ṇīroga)

pra-head

णीरोग (ṇīroga)

pra-adj

णीरोग (ṇīroga)

ṇīroga (romanization)
णीरोगो (nominative singular)
णीरोगा (nominative plural)
णीरोगं (accusative singular)
णीरोगे (accusative plural)
णीरोगा (accusative plural)
णीरोगेण (instrumental singular)
णीरोगेणं (instrumental singular)
णीरोगेहि (instrumental plural)
णीरोगेहिं (instrumental plural)
णीरोगाअ (dative singular)
णीरोगाओ (ablative singular)
णीरोगाउ (ablative singular)
णीरोगा (ablative singular)
णीरोगाहि (ablative singular)
णीरोगाहिंतो (ablative singular)
णीरोगस्स (genitive singular)
णीरोगाण (genitive plural)
णीरोगाणं (genitive plural)
णीरोगम्मि (locative singular)
णीरोगे (locative singular)
णीरोगेसु (locative plural)
णीरोगेसुं (locative plural)
णीरोग (singular vocative)
णीरोगा (singular vocative)
णीरोगा (plural vocative)
णीरोगा (nominative singular)
णीरोगाओ (nominative plural)
णीरोगाउ (nominative plural)
णीरोगा (nominative plural)
णीरोगं (accusative singular)
णीरोगाओ (accusative plural)
णीरोगाउ (accusative plural)
णीरोगा (accusative plural)
णीरोगाए (instrumental singular)
णीरोगाइ (instrumental singular)
णीरोगाअ (instrumental singular)
णीरोगाहि (instrumental plural)
णीरोगाहिं (instrumental plural)
णीरोगाओ (ablative singular)
णीरोगाउ (ablative singular)
णीरोगाहिंतो (ablative plural)
णीरोगाए (genitive singular)
णीरोगाइ (genitive singular)
णीरोगाअ (genitive singular)
णीरोगाण (genitive plural)
णीरोगाणं (genitive plural)
णीरोगाए (locative singular)
णीरोगाइ (locative singular)
णीरोगाअ (locative singular)
णीरोगासु (locative plural)
णीरोगासुं (locative plural)
णीरोगे (singular vocative)
णीरोगा (singular vocative)
णीरोगाओ (plural vocative)
णीरोगाउ (plural vocative)
णीरोगा (plural vocative)
णीरोगं (nominative singular)
णीरोगाइं (nominative plural)
णीरोगाइ (nominative plural)
णीरोगं (accusative singular)
णीरोगाइं (accusative plural)
णीरोगाइ (accusative plural)
णीरोगेण (instrumental singular)
णीरोगेणं (instrumental singular)
णीरोगेहि (instrumental plural)
णीरोगेहिं (instrumental plural)
णीरोगाअ (dative singular)
णीरोगाओ (ablative singular)
णीरोगाउ (ablative singular)
णीरोगा (ablative singular)
णीरोगाहि (ablative singular)
णीरोगाहिंतो (ablative singular)
णीरोगस्स (genitive singular)
णीरोगाण (genitive plural)
णीरोगाणं (genitive plural)
णीरोगम्मि (locative singular)
णीरोगे (locative singular)
णीरोगेसु (locative plural)
णीरोगेसुं (locative plural)
णीरोग (singular vocative)
णीरोगा (singular vocative)
णीरोगाइं (plural vocative)
णीरोगाइ (plural vocative)

𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕 𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀡𑀻𑀭𑁄𑀕 (“healthy”)


𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अरोग</i>

aroga (romanization)
अरोग (Devanagari)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ne
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *a-
Sanskrit अ- (a-)
Proto-Indo-European *lewg-
Sanskrit रोग (roga)
Sanskrit अरोग (aroga)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀕 (aroga)
Inherited from Sanskrit अरोग (aroga). Cognate with Pali aroga.


𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀼𑀮

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अंगुल</i>

aṃgula (romanization)
अंगुल (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: अंगुल (aṅgul)

Urdu: اَنْگُل (angul)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Odia: ଅଙ୍ଗୁଳ (aṅguḷa)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Sindhi:

Arabic script: آڱُرُ

Devanagari script: अङुरु

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi: अंगुळ (aṃguḷa)

Marathi: अंगुल (aṅgul)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: આંગળ (ā̃gaḷ)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eng-der.
Sanskrit अङ्गुल (aṅgula)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀼𑀮 (aṃgula)
Inherited from Sanskrit अङ्गुल (aṅgula), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eng-.


𑀅𑀁𑀟

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अंड</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

desc

Hindi: अंडा (aṇḍā), आँड़ (ā̃ṛ)

Hindi: अंडा (aṇḍā), आँड़ (ā̃ṛ)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: আঁড় (ãṛ), আণ্ডা (anḍa)

Chittagonian: আণ্ডা

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: अण्डा (aṇḍā)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਆਂਡਾ (āṇḍā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: آنو

Devanagari script: आनो

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: अंडे (aṇḍe)

Konkani: अंडें (aṇḍẽ)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: ઈંડું (ī̃ḍũ)

Romani: anro

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Aryan *āndrám
Sanskrit आ॒ण्ड (āṇḍá)
Sanskrit अ॒ण्ड (aṇḍá)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀁𑀟 (aṃḍa)
Inherited from Sanskrit अ॒ण्ड (aṇḍá), from आ॒ण्ड (āṇḍá), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *āndrám.


𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀟𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अक्खाडय</i>

𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀟𑀬 (akkhāḍaya) m (Devanagari अक्खाडय)

akkhāḍaya (romanization)
अक्खाडय (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

desctree

Hindi: अखाड़ा (akhāṛā)
→ Kashmiri: अकहार् (akahār)
→ Marathi: आखाडा (ākhāḍā)
→ Nepali: अखाड़ा (akhāṛā)

desc

Urdu: اَکھاڑَا (akhāṛā)

Urdu: اَکھاڑَا (akhāṛā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: আখড়া (akhoṛa)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਅਖਾਡ਼ਾ (akhāṛā)

Shahmukhi script: اَکھاڑَا (akhāṛā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: آکاڙو

Devanagari script: आखाड़ो

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: અખાડો (akhāḍo)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit अ॒क्ष (akṣá)
Sanskrit वाट (vāṭa)
Sanskrit अक्षवाट (akṣavāṭa)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀟𑀬 (akkhāḍaya)
Inherited from Sanskrit अक्षवाट (akṣavāṭa), from अ॒क्ष (akṣá) + वाट (vāṭa).


𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀭𑀓𑁆𑀔

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अंगरक्ख</i>

𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀭𑀓𑁆𑀔 (aṃgarakkha) (Devanagari अंगरक्ख)

aṃgarakkha (romanization)
अंगरक्ख (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: अँगरखा (aṅgarkhā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: আংরাখা (aṅrakha)

Odia: ଅଙ୍ଗରଖା (aṅgarakhā)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Sindhi:

Devanagari script: अंगरखो

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: अंगरखा (aṅgarkhā)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: અંગરખો (aṅgarkho)

Etymology tree
Prakrit 𑀅𑀁𑀕 (aṃga)
Prakrit 𑀭𑀓𑁆𑀔 (rakkha)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀭𑀓𑁆𑀔 (aṃgarakkha)
Compound of 𑀅𑀁𑀕 (aṃga, “limb, body”) + 𑀭𑀓𑁆𑀔 (rakkha, “protecting”).


𑀉𑀇𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उइअ</i>

Central:

Awadhi: उए (ue, “they rose”)

Eastern:

Bengali: উইআ (uia)


𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अक्ख</i>

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

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⇒ Bihari: अखौत (akhaut), अखौता (akhautā)

Odia: ଅଖ (akha)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: අක (aka), අකුව (akuwa)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

desctree

Old Marathi: 𑘁𑘽𑘏 (āṃkha), 𑘁𑘎 (āka)
Marathi: ās (< *𑘁𑘽𑘭 (*āṃsa))
Devanagari script: आस
Modi script: 𑘁𑘭
→ Gujarati: આંસ (ā̃sa)
Varhadi: ākh, ās (< *𑘁𑘽𑘭 (*āṃsa))
Devanagari script: आख, आस
Modi script: 𑘁𑘏, 𑘁𑘭

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: આંક (ā̃ka)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-?
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćšas
Sanskrit अक्ष॑ (ákṣa)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔 (akkha)
Inherited from Sanskrit अक्ष॑ (ákṣa), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćšas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs- + *-os.


𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: අක (aka)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: आख (ākh)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit अ॒क्ष (akṣá)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔 (akkha)
Inherited from Sanskrit अ॒क्ष (akṣá).

the plant Elaeocarpus angustifolius or its seed


उइअ

Devanagari script form of 𑀉𑀇𑀅 (“risen, ascended”)

Devanagari script form of 𑀉𑀇𑀅 (“appropriate, fitting”)


𑀅𑀁𑀕

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अंग</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: आँग (āṅg), आँगा (āṅgā)

Urdu: آںگ (ā̃g), آںگَہ (ā̃ga)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: আঙ্গ (aṅgo)

Bengali: আঙ (aṅ)

Bihari:

Maithili: आँग (ā̃g)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Dhivehi: އަންގަ (an̊ga)

Sinhalese: අඟ (aⁿga), ඇඟ (æⁿga)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Central Pahari:

Kumaoni: आङ (āṅ)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: आङ (āṅ)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: अङ्ग (aṅg)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਅੰਗ (aṅga)

Shahmukhi script: اَنْگ (ang)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: اڱُ, ⇒ چَاڱُ

Devanagari script: अङु, ⇒ चाङु

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani:

Devanagari script: आंग (āṅga)

Latin script: ang

Kannada script: ಆಂಗ್ (āṅg)

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अँगाविणे<der>

Marathi: आँग (āĕṅga), ⇒ अँगाविणे (aĕṅgāviṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: આઁગ (ām̐ga), ⇒ આગવું (āgavũ), ⇒ અઁગાઉ (am̐gāu)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: आँगड़ी (āṅgṛī)

Kumaoni: आङर (āṅar), आङड़ो (āṅṛo)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: આંગડી (ā̃gaḍī)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: આંગલી (ā̃galī), આંગલું (ā̃galũ)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eng-
Sanskrit अङ्ग॑ (áṅga)
Prakrit 𑀅𑀁𑀕 (aṃga)
Inherited from Sanskrit अङ्ग॑ (áṅga), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eng-.


𑀨𑀸𑀟𑁂𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">फाडेइ</i>

phāḍei (romanization)
फाडेइ (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: फाड़ना (phāṛnā)

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Urdu: پھَاڑْنَا (phāṛnā)

Urdu: پھَاڑْنَا (phāṛnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: ফাড়া (phaṛa)

Bihari:

Maithili:

Devanagari script: फाड़ब (phāṛab)

Tirhuta script: 𑒤𑒰𑒛𑓃𑒥 (phāṛaba)

Odia: ଫାଡ଼ିବା (phāṛibā)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: පළනවා (paḷanawā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: फार्नु (phārnu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਫਾੜਨਾ (phāṛnā)

Shahmukhi script: پھاڑنا (phāṛnā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڦاڙَڻُ

Devanagari script: फाड़णु

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi: 𑘣𑘰𑘚𑘜𑘹 (phāḍaṇe)

Marathi: फाडणे (phāḍṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: ફાડવું (phāḍvũ)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit स्फाटयति (sphāṭayati)
Prakrit 𑀨𑀸𑀟𑁂𑀇 (phāḍei)
Inherited from Sanskrit स्फाटयति (sphāṭayati).
Compare the unrelated but synonymous and phonologically similar Prakrit 𑀧𑀸𑀟𑀇 (pāḍaï).


𑀢𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">तुट्ट</i>

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *terd-
Sanskrit तृद् (tṛd)
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *-tás
Sanskrit -त (-ta)
Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝 (tuṭṭa)
Inherited from Sanskrit *तृत्त (tṛtta), from तृद् (tṛd, “to cleave, split”) + -त (-ta). Compare the participle तृण्ण (tṛṇṇa) with a different suffix.


𑀢𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝

𑀢𑁄𑀟𑁂𑀇 𑀢𑁄𑀟𑁂𑀇#Prakrit


𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मच्चइ</i>

maccaï (romanization)
मच्चइ (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

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Hindi: मचना (macnā), माँचना (mā̃cnā) — regional

Urdu: مَچْنَا (macnā)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

>? Sinhalese: මසනවා (masanawā), මහනවා (mahanawā)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Saraiki: مَچَّݨ (maccaṇ)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: مَچَڻُ

Devanagari script: मचणु

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮੱਚਣਾ (maccaṇā)

Shahmukhi script: مَچّْݨا (maccṇā)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: माच़णे (māċṇe), मच़णे (maċṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: મચવું (macvũ)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d-
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *matˢtás
Sanskrit म॒त्त (mattá)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢 (matta)
Prakrit -𑀅𑀇 (-aï)
Sanskrit *मच्यते (macyate)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇 (maccaï)
A conflation of two sources:
* Denominal verb of 𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢 (matta, “drunk, intoxicated”) + -𑀅𑀇 (-aï), with the former element from Sanskrit म॒त्त (mattá). The verb is modelled analogically on pairs like 𑀲𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢 (sitta, “poured, sprinkled”) ~ 𑀲𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇 (siccaï, “to irrigate”). Doublet of 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (majjaï).
* Inherited from Sanskrit *मच्यते (macyate, “to be produced”), a hypothetical passive verb from the root मच् (mac).


𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मग्गइ</i>

maggaï (romanization)
मग्गइ (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: माँगना (māṅgnā)

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Urdu: مان٘گْنا (māṅgnā)

Urdu: مان٘گْنا (māṅgnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Early Assamese: মাগ্ (mag)

Assamese: মাগা (maga)

Bengali: মাঙ্গা (maṅga)

Odia: ମାଗିବା (māgibā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: माग्नु (māgnu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Kachchi: મંગણૂ (maṅgṇū)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮੰਗਣਾ (maṅgṇā)

Shahmukhi script: مَن٘گْݨا (maṉgṇā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: مَڱڻُ

Devanagari script: मङणु

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘰𑘐𑘜𑘹 (māgaṇe)

Marathi: मागणे (māgṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: માંગવું (mā̃gvũ), માગવું (māgvũ)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥gás
Sanskrit मृग (mṛga)vrd.
Sanskrit मार्ग (mārga)
Sanskrit मार्ग॑ति (mā́rgati)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀇 (maggaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit मार्ग॑ति (mā́rgati), from मार्ग (mārga), a vṛddhi derivative of मृग (mṛga), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥gás.

etymon

sa>मार्ग॑ति>seek


𑀯𑀺𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">विहत्थि</i>

𑀯𑀺𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (vihatthi) f (Devanagari विहत्थि)

vihatthi (romanization)
विहत्थि (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: बित्ता (bittā)

Urdu: بِتَّا (bittā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: ⇒ বিঘত (bighot)

Odia: ବିତା (bitā), ⇒ ବିଘତ୍ (bighat)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Sinhalese: වියත (wiyata)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: बित्ता (bittā)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

desc

Gurmukhi script: ਬਿੱਥ (bittha), ਵਿੱਥ (vittha)

Shahmukhi script: بِتّھ (bitth), وِتّھ (vitth)

Saraiki: وِتّھ (vitth)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: وِٿِ, وِٿيِ

Devanagari script: विथि, विथी

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: वीत (vīt), वीथ (vīth), विहीत (vihīt)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: વેંત (vent)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *wítastiš
Sanskrit वित॑स्ति (vítasti)
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰes-der.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas
Sanskrit हस्त (hasta)
Prakrit 𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣 (hattha)influ.
Prakrit 𑀯𑀺𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺 (vihatthi)
Inherited from Sanskrit वित॑स्ति (vítasti), with probable contamination from 𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣 (hattha, “hand”).


𑀘𑀼𑀅𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">चुअइ</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Awadhi: चुवइ (cuvaï)

Old Hindi:

Hindi: चूना (cūnā, “to drip”)

Urdu: چونا (conā, “to drip”)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Old Bengali:

Bengali: চুয়া (cuẏa)

Odia: ଚୁଇବା (cuibā)

Bhojpuri: चुअल (cual)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Kumaoni: चूणो (cūṇo)

Nepali: चुहुनु (cuhunu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Sindhi: [script needed] (cuaṇu)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati:

Gujarati: ચુવું (cuvũ)

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀘𑁆𑀬𑁄𑀢𑀢𑀺 (cyotati), with the -𑀉- (-u-) probably with influence from 𑀘𑀼𑀅 (cua, “moved”) or from the Sanskrit aorist in 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀬𑀼𑀢𑀢𑁆 (acyutat).


𑀮𑁂𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">लेइ</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Eastern Hindi:

Old Awadhi: लेइ (lei)

Western Hindi:

Hindustani:

Hindi: लेना (lenā)

Urdu: لینا (lenā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: लिनु (linu)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati: लेवउं (levaüṃ)

Gujarati: લેવું (levũ)

Romani: liel, lel

Etymology tree
Sanskrit रभ॑ते (rábhate)
Sanskrit लभते (labhate)
Prakrit 𑀮𑀳𑀇 (lahaï)
Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *neyH-der.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *náyHati
Sanskrit नय॑ति (náyati)
Prakrit 𑀡𑁂𑀇 (ṇei)influ.
Proto-Indo-European *deh₃-
Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti
Proto-Indo-Iranian *dádaHti
Sanskrit ददा॑ति (dádāti)
Prakrit 𑀡𑁂𑀇 (ṇei)influ.
Prakrit 𑀤𑁂𑀇 (dei)influ.
Prakrit 𑀮𑁂𑀇 (lei)
Simplified from 𑀮𑀳𑀇 (lahaï, “to take”) by analogy with 𑀡𑁂𑀇 (ṇei, “to take”), 𑀤𑁂𑀇 (dei, “to give”), from Sanskrit लभते (labhate).


𑀧𑀺𑀡𑀳𑀇

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Hindi: पिन्हना (pinhanā)

desc

Hindi: पहनना (pahannā), पहिनना (pahinnā) — dated

Urdu: پَہَنْنا (pahannā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Middle Bengali: পিনহে (pinhe, “puts on”)

Bihari:

Maithili: पेन्हब (pēnhab, “to put on, wear”)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਪਹਿਨਣਾ (pahinṇā)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-?
Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hápi
Sanskrit अपि- (api-)
Sanskrit नह् (nah)
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Sanskrit -यति (-yati)
Sanskrit नह्यति (nahyati)
Sanskrit अपिनह्यति (apinahyati)aph.
Sanskrit पिनह्यति (pinahyati)
Prakrit *𑀧𑀺𑀡𑀳𑀇 (*piṇahaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit पिनह्यति (pinahyati), an aphetic form of अपिनह्यति (apinahyati), from अपि- (api-) + नह्यति (nahyati).
The simplification of the -hy- cluster may be explained by analogy with attested Sanskrit नहति (nahati) and later influence from descendants of the root परिधा (paridhā) (whence e.g. Hindi पहरना (paharnā, “to wear”)).


𑀮𑀳𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">लहइ</i>

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: लहना (lahnā)

desc

Urdu: لَحنَا

Urdu: لَحنَا

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: লোৱা (lüa)

Bengali: লওয়া (loōẇa)

Odia: ଲଇବା (laibā, “to take, hold, observe”)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Dhivehi: ލިބެނީ (libenī)

Sinhalese: ලබනවා (labanawā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Kumaoni: ल्हिअण

Western Pahari:

Bhattiyali: लैणा (laiṇā, “to take”)

Churahi: लैणा (laiṇā, “to take”)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਲਹਿਣਾ (lahiṇā, “to find”)

Shahmukhi script: لَہِݨَا (lahiṇā, “to find”)

Saraiki: لَیہَݨ (laihaṇ), لَہَݨ (lahaṇ)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: لَهَڻُ (“to obtain”)

Devanagari script: लहणु (“to obtain”)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: लाहणे (lāhṇe, “to acquire”)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati: लहइ (lahaï)

Gujarati: લહેવું (lahevũ, “to listen attentively”)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit रभ॑ते (rábhate)
Sanskrit लभते (labhate)
Prakrit 𑀮𑀳𑀇 (lahaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit लभते (labhate), from रभ॑ते (rábhate).