See 𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-cen"
},
"expansion": "Central Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ohi"
},
"expansion": "Old Hindi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Hindi:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "चौंकना",
"3": "चौंक",
"4": "चमकना",
"5": "चमक"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: चौंकना (ca͠uknā), चौंक (ca͠uk), चमकना (camaknā), चमक (camak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: चौंकना (ca͠uknā), चौंक (ca͠uk), चमकना (camaknā), चमक (camak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "چونکنا",
"3": "چونک",
"4": "چمکنا",
"5": "چمک"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: چونکنا, چونک, چمکنا, چمک",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: چونکنا, چونک, چمکنا, چمک"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-oaw",
"2": "चौंकइ",
"3": "चमकइ"
},
"expansion": "Old Awadhi: चौंकइ (cauṃkaï), चमकइ (camakaï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Awadhi: चौंकइ (cauṃkaï), चमकइ (camakaï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-nwe"
},
"expansion": "Northwestern Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northwestern Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਚੌਂਕਣਾ",
"3": "ਚਮਕਣਾ",
"4": "ਚਮਕਾਰ",
"5": "ਚਮਕਾਰਾ"
},
"expansion": "Punjabi: ਚੌਂਕਣਾ (cauṅkṇā), ਚਮਕਣਾ (camkaṇā), ਚਮਕਾਰ (camkār), ਚਮਕਾਰਾ (camkārā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Punjabi: ਚੌਂਕਣਾ (cauṅkṇā), ਚਮਕਣਾ (camkaṇā), ਚਮਕਾਰ (camkār), ਚਮਕਾਰਾ (camkārā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-eas"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Eastern Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"tr": "caũkā"
},
"expansion": "Bengali: [script needed] (caũkā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bengali: [script needed] (caũkā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or",
"2": "ଚହଙ୍କିବା",
"t": "to glitter"
},
"expansion": "Odia: ଚହଙ୍କିବା (cahaṅkibā, “to glitter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Odia: ଚହଙ୍କିବା (cahaṅkibā, “to glitter”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-nor"
},
"expansion": "Northern Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "चमक"
},
"expansion": "Nepali: चमक (camak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nepali: चमक (camak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-sou"
},
"expansion": "Southern Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "omr",
"2": "𑘓𑘰𑘦𑘎𑘜𑘹"
},
"expansion": "Old Marathi: 𑘓𑘰𑘦𑘎𑘜𑘹 (cāmakaṇe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Marathi: 𑘓𑘰𑘦𑘎𑘜𑘹 (cāmakaṇe)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "चमकणे"
},
"expansion": "Marathi: चमकणे (camakṇe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Marathi: चमकणे (camakṇe)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-wes"
},
"expansion": "Western Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ogu"
},
"expansion": "Old Gujarati:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Gujarati:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ચમકવું"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: ચમકવું (camakvũ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: ચમકવું (camakvũ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-cen"
},
"expansion": "Central Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ohi"
},
"expansion": "Old Hindi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Hindi:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "चमचमाना"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: चमचमाना (camacmānā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: चमचमाना (camacmānā)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "چمچمانا"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: چمچمانا",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: چمچمانا"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-nor"
},
"expansion": "Northern Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "चमचम"
},
"expansion": "Nepali: चमचम (camacam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nepali: चमचम (camacam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-sou"
},
"expansion": "Southern Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "चमचमाट"
},
"expansion": "Marathi: चमचमाट (camacmāṭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Marathi: चमचमाट (camacmāṭ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-wes"
},
"expansion": "Western Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ચમચમ"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: ચમચમ (camcam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: ચમચમ (camcam)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"id": "surprise"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"2": "sa",
"3": "चमत्कृ",
"t": "to express astonishment"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit चमत्कृ (camatkṛ, “to express astonishment”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeic",
"name": "onom"
}
],
"etymology_text": "With Sanskrit चमत्कृ (camatkṛ, “to express astonishment”), probably ultimately onomatopoeic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camakka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "चमक्क",
"tags": [
"Devanagari"
]
},
{
"form": "*𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓",
"roman": "*cammakka",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫",
"roman": "*camma",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "d",
"head": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓"
},
"expansion": "Devanagari",
"name": "pra-head/Deva"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"head": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓"
},
"expansion": "चमक्क",
"name": "pra-head/Deva"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "Devanagari",
"4": "<i class=\"Deva mention\" lang=\"pra\">चमक्क</i>",
"5": "",
"6": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"7": "",
"8": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"9": "",
"f1nolink": "0",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sccat": "1",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓 (camakka) m (Devanagari चमक्क)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"brah": "",
"deva": "",
"f": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"knda": "",
"m": "",
"n": "",
"pos": "noun",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓 (camakka) m (Devanagari चमक्क)",
"name": "pra-head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓 (camakka) m (Devanagari चमक्क)",
"name": "pra-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Prakrit",
"lang_code": "pra",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Prakrit entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Prakrit onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "startles",
"roman": "camakkei",
"word": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓𑁂𑀇"
}
],
"glosses": [
"surprise"
],
"id": "en-𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓-pra-noun-CDLArfBU",
"links": [
[
"surprise",
"surprise"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "startles",
"roman": "camakkei",
"word": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓𑁂𑀇"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-cen"
},
"expansion": "Central Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ohi"
},
"expansion": "Old Hindi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Hindi:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "चौंकना",
"3": "चौंक",
"4": "चमकना",
"5": "चमक"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: चौंकना (ca͠uknā), चौंक (ca͠uk), चमकना (camaknā), चमक (camak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: चौंकना (ca͠uknā), चौंक (ca͠uk), चमकना (camaknā), चमक (camak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "چونکنا",
"3": "چونک",
"4": "چمکنا",
"5": "چمک"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: چونکنا, چونک, چمکنا, چمک",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: چونکنا, چونک, چمکنا, چمک"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-oaw",
"2": "चौंकइ",
"3": "चमकइ"
},
"expansion": "Old Awadhi: चौंकइ (cauṃkaï), चमकइ (camakaï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Awadhi: चौंकइ (cauṃkaï), चमकइ (camakaï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-nwe"
},
"expansion": "Northwestern Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northwestern Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਚੌਂਕਣਾ",
"3": "ਚਮਕਣਾ",
"4": "ਚਮਕਾਰ",
"5": "ਚਮਕਾਰਾ"
},
"expansion": "Punjabi: ਚੌਂਕਣਾ (cauṅkṇā), ਚਮਕਣਾ (camkaṇā), ਚਮਕਾਰ (camkār), ਚਮਕਾਰਾ (camkārā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Punjabi: ਚੌਂਕਣਾ (cauṅkṇā), ਚਮਕਣਾ (camkaṇā), ਚਮਕਾਰ (camkār), ਚਮਕਾਰਾ (camkārā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-eas"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Eastern Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"tr": "caũkā"
},
"expansion": "Bengali: [script needed] (caũkā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bengali: [script needed] (caũkā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or",
"2": "ଚହଙ୍କିବା",
"t": "to glitter"
},
"expansion": "Odia: ଚହଙ୍କିବା (cahaṅkibā, “to glitter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Odia: ଚହଙ୍କିବା (cahaṅkibā, “to glitter”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-nor"
},
"expansion": "Northern Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "चमक"
},
"expansion": "Nepali: चमक (camak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nepali: चमक (camak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-sou"
},
"expansion": "Southern Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "omr",
"2": "𑘓𑘰𑘦𑘎𑘜𑘹"
},
"expansion": "Old Marathi: 𑘓𑘰𑘦𑘎𑘜𑘹 (cāmakaṇe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Marathi: 𑘓𑘰𑘦𑘎𑘜𑘹 (cāmakaṇe)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "चमकणे"
},
"expansion": "Marathi: चमकणे (camakṇe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Marathi: चमकणे (camakṇe)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-wes"
},
"expansion": "Western Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ogu"
},
"expansion": "Old Gujarati:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Gujarati:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ચમકવું"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: ચમકવું (camakvũ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: ચમકવું (camakvũ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-cen"
},
"expansion": "Central Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ohi"
},
"expansion": "Old Hindi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Hindi:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "चमचमाना"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: चमचमाना (camacmānā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: चमचमाना (camacmānā)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "چمچمانا"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: چمچمانا",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: چمچمانا"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-nor"
},
"expansion": "Northern Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "चमचम"
},
"expansion": "Nepali: चमचम (camacam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nepali: चमचम (camacam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-sou"
},
"expansion": "Southern Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "चमचमाट"
},
"expansion": "Marathi: चमचमाट (camacmāṭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Marathi: चमचमाट (camacmāṭ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-wes"
},
"expansion": "Western Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "ચમચમ"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: ચમચમ (camcam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: ચમચમ (camcam)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"id": "surprise"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"2": "sa",
"3": "चमत्कृ",
"t": "to express astonishment"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit चमत्कृ (camatkṛ, “to express astonishment”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeic",
"name": "onom"
}
],
"etymology_text": "With Sanskrit चमत्कृ (camatkṛ, “to express astonishment”), probably ultimately onomatopoeic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "camakka",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "चमक्क",
"tags": [
"Devanagari"
]
},
{
"form": "*𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓",
"roman": "*cammakka",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "*𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫",
"roman": "*camma",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "d",
"head": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓"
},
"expansion": "Devanagari",
"name": "pra-head/Deva"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"head": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓"
},
"expansion": "चमक्क",
"name": "pra-head/Deva"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "Devanagari",
"4": "<i class=\"Deva mention\" lang=\"pra\">चमक्क</i>",
"5": "",
"6": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"7": "",
"8": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"9": "",
"f1nolink": "0",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sccat": "1",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓 (camakka) m (Devanagari चमक्क)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"brah": "",
"deva": "",
"f": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"knda": "",
"m": "",
"n": "",
"pos": "noun",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓 (camakka) m (Devanagari चमक्क)",
"name": "pra-head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓 (camakka) m (Devanagari चमक्क)",
"name": "pra-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Prakrit",
"lang_code": "pra",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Prakrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Prakrit lemmas",
"Prakrit masculine nouns",
"Prakrit nouns",
"Prakrit nouns in Brahmi script",
"Prakrit onomatopoeias",
"Prakrit terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Requests for native script for Bengali terms"
],
"glosses": [
"surprise"
],
"links": [
[
"surprise",
"surprise"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 𑀘𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀓 meaning in Prakrit (7.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Prakrit dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-11 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (84cf5d0 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.