𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">हिरण्ण</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">હિરણ્ણ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಹಿರಣ್ಣ</i>

𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 (hiraṇṇa) n (Devanagari हिरण्ण, Gujarati હિરણ્ણ, Kannada ಹಿರಣ್ಣ)

hiraṇṇa (romanization)
हिरण्ण (Devanagari)
હિરણ્ણ (Gujarati)
ಹಿರಣ್ಣ (Kannada)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀁𑀦 (hiraṃna).

inh+

𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀡𑀁 𑀲𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀸𑀮𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀆𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀺𑀬𑁄𑀯𑀸𑀲𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸 𑀳𑀺𑀭𑀡𑁆𑀡-𑀓𑁄𑀟𑀻 𑀦𑀺𑀳𑀸𑀡-𑀧𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸, 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸 𑀯𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀺-𑀧𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸, 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸 𑀧𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀭-𑀧𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸, 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑁂 𑀯𑀏 𑀤𑀲-𑀕𑁄-𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀺𑀏𑀡𑀁 𑀯𑀏𑀡𑀁
tassa ṇaṃ saddālaputtassa ājīviyovāsagassa ĕkkā hiraṇṇa-koḍī nihāṇa-paüttā, ĕkkā vaḍḍhi-paüttā, ĕkkā pavitthara-paüttā, ĕkke vae dasa-go-sāhassieṇaṃ vaeṇaṃ

That Saddālaputta, the follower of the Ājīviyas, had one kroṛ of gold placed in deposit, one kroṛ put out at interest, one kroṛ invested in estate, and one herd with ten thousand head of cattle.


अट्ठ

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अट्ठ (aṭṭha)

pra-head

अट्ठ (aṭṭha)

pra-num

अट्ठ (aṭṭha)

𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞 (“eight”)


𑀡𑀺𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णिय</i>


𑀲𑁂𑀡

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सेण</i>

seṇa (romanization)
सेण (Devanagari)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑁂𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀸 (plural vocative)


𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सारिच्छ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸಾರಿಚ್ಛ</i>

𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙 (sāriccha) n (Devanagari सारिच्छ, Kannada ಸಾರಿಚ್ಛ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

sāriccha (romanization)
सारिच्छ (Devanagari)
ಸಾರಿಚ್ಛ (Kannada)

Inherited from Sanskrit सादृश्य (sādṛśya). Related to 𑀲𑀭𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙 (sariccha). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔 (sārikkha), Ardhamagadhi Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔 (sārikkha), Pali sarikkha.


𑀚𑀬

From Sanskrit जय (jaya). Compare Pali jaya.


𑀚𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जय</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಜಯ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

jaya (romanization)
जय (Devanagari)
ಜಯ (Kannada)

From Sanskrit यत (yatá, “held, restrained”).


सद्द

𑀲𑀤𑁆𑀤 𑀲𑀤𑁆𑀤#Prakrit


𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">शाहु</i>

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀼 (sādhu), from Sanskrit साधु (sādhu). Cognate with Ardhamagadhi Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼 (sāhu), Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼 (sāhu), Maharastri Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼 (sāhu), Pali sādhu.


𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼

śāhu (romanization)
शाहु (Devanagari)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼 (nominative singular)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑁄 (nominative plural)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑁄 (accusative plural)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀽 (accusative plural)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑀸 (instrumental singular)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀤𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀤𑀼 (ablative singular)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀰𑀼𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀑 (ablative plural)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀡𑁄 (genitive singular)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀰𑁆𑀰 (genitive singular)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀰𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀰𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼 (singular vocative)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀽 (singular vocative)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑁄 (plural vocative)
𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀑 (plural vocative)


𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">साहु</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">સાહુ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸಾಹು</i>

𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼 (sāhu) (Devanagari साहु, Gujarati સાહુ, Kannada ಸಾಹು)

sāhu (romanization)
साहु (Devanagari)
સાહુ (Gujarati)
ಸಾಹು (Kannada)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑁄 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑁄 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑀸 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑁄 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀇𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀇 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀡𑀺 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀡𑀺 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑀸 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑁄 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀡𑀺 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀥𑀼 (sādhu). Cognate with Magadhi Prakrit 𑀰𑀸𑀳𑀼 (śāhu), Pali sādhu.


𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼

𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼 (sāhu) m (Devanagari साहु, Gujarati સાહુ, Kannada ಸಾಹು, feminine 𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈)

sāhu (romanization)
साहु (Devanagari)
સાહુ (Gujarati)
ಸಾಹು (Kannada)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀈 (feminine)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑁄 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑁄 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑀸 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀡𑁄 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀼 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽 (singular vocative)

Hindustani: sāh, sāhū

Hindi: साह, साहू

Urdu: صاح (sāh), ساہُو (sāhū)

Marathi: साव (sāv)

Nepali: साहू (sāhū)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸਾਊ (sāū)

Shahmukhi script: ساؤُ (sāū)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: سَائُو

Devanagari script: साऊ


𑀚𑁄𑀅𑀡

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जोअण</i>

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀬𑁄𑀚𑀦 (yojana), from Sanskrit योजन (yojana).

inh+

Yojana (a particular measure of distance)


𑀚𑁄𑀅𑀡

Inherited from Sanskrit यौवन (yauvana, “youth”).

𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡 𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡#Prakrit

alternative form of 𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡 (jŏvvaṇa, “youth”)


𑀚𑁄𑀅𑀡

Inherited from Sanskrit द्योतन (dyotana, “seeing, sight”).


पुरिस

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<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">પુરિસ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪುರಿಸ</i>

पुरिस (purisa) m (Gujarati પુરિસ, Kannada ಪುರಿಸ)

purisa (romanization)
પુરિસ (Gujarati)
ಪುರಿಸ (Kannada)

𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲 𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲#Prakrit


𑀚𑀼𑀯𑀇

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: जोई (joī)

Urdu: جوئی (joī)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: जोई (jōī)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: जोइ (joi)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Sindhi: joi

Arabic script: جوءِ

Devanagari script: जोय

Western Indo-Aryan:

Romani: ʒuvli


𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पुरिस</i>

𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲 (purisa) m (Devanagari पुरिस, Gujarati પુરિસ, Kannada ಪುರಿಸ)

purisa (romanization)
पुरिस (Devanagari)
પુરિસ (Gujarati)
ಪುರಿಸ (Kannada)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸 (plural vocative)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: پُرِهُ

Devanagari script: पुरिहु

⇒ *𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲-𑀓 (*purisa-ka)

Hindi: पुरसा (pursā)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀧𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀲 (pulisa), from Sanskrit पुरुष (púriṣa). Cognate with Niya Prakrit 𐨤𐨂𐨪𐨂𐨮 (puruṣa), Gandhari 𐨤𐨂𐨪𐨂𐨮 (puruṣa), Pali purisa.


𑀕𑀁𑀥

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">गंध</i>

gaṃdha (romanization)
गंध (Devanagari)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀥 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀸 (plural vocative)

From Sanskrit गन्ध (gandha), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *g(ʰ)andʰ-.


𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सरस्सई</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸರಸ್ಸಈ</i>

𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈 (sarassaī) f (Devanagari सरस्सई, Kannada ಸರಸ್ಸಈ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

sarassaī (romanization)
सरस्सई (Devanagari)
ಸರಸ್ಸಈ (Kannada)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀇𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀇 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀈 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit सरस्वती (sárasvatī).

inh+

(Hinduism) Sarasvati (Hindu goddess of knowledge and the arts)


𑀪𑁂𑀲𑀚𑁆𑀚

From Sanskrit भैषज्य (bhaiṣajya), from भिषज् (bhiṣaj), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰiš- (“medicine, healing”).


𑀔𑀻𑀭

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">खीर</i>

khīra (romanization)
खीर (Devanagari)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀔𑀻𑀭 (singular vocative)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀔𑀻𑀭𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)


𑀲𑀯𑁆𑀯

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सव्व</i>

Inherited from Sanskrit सव्य (savya). Compare Middle Persian [script needed] (hwy /hōy/, “left, left-hand”).


𑀧𑀼𑀠𑀯𑀻

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पुढवी</i>

puḍhavī (romanization)
पुढवी (Devanagari)

From Sanskrit पृथिवी (pṛthivī). Cognate with Pali paṭhavī, Maharastri Prakrit 𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻 (puhavī).


𑀅𑀡𑀼-

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अणु-</i>

Inherited from Sanskrit अनु- (ánu-). Cognate with Pali anu-.


𑀡𑀻𑀬

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णीय</i>

hi:सुभद्र झा

(Jain Māhārāṣṭrī) hiatus-filler form of 𑀡𑀻𑀅 (ṇīa)


𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पुहवी</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪುಹವೀ</i>

𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻 (puhavī) f (Devanagari पुहवी, Kannada ಪುಹವೀ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

puhavī (romanization)
पुहवी (Devanagari)
ಪುಹವೀ (Kannada)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑀼𑀳𑀯𑀻 (plural vocative)

From Sanskrit पृथिवी (pṛthivī́). Cognate with Pali paṭhavī, Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀼𑀠𑀯𑀻 (puḍhavī).


𑀡𑀻𑀤

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णीद</i>

Inherited from Sanskrit नीत (nītá, “led”). Cognate with Maharastri Prakrit 𑀡𑀺𑀅 (ṇia), Ardhamagadhi Prakrit 𑀦𑀺𑀬 (niya), Magadhi Prakrit 𑀡𑀻𑀤 (ṇīda), Pali nīta.


𑀡𑀻𑀤

𑀡𑁂𑀤𑀺 𑀡𑁂𑀤𑀺#Prakrit


𑀡𑀻𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णीअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಣೀಅ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

ṇīa (romanization)
णीअ (Devanagari)
ಣೀಅ (Kannada)

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मज्झण्ह</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">મજ્ઝણ્હ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಮಜ್ಝಣ್ಹ</i>

𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳 (majjhaṇha) m (Devanagari मज्झण्ह, Gujarati મજ્ઝણ્હ, Kannada ಮಜ್ಝಣ್ಹ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī, Ardhamāgadhī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī)

majjhaṇha (romanization)
मज्झण्ह (Devanagari)
મજ્ઝણ્હ (Gujarati)
ಮಜ್ಝಣ್ಹ (Kannada)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀫𑀥𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀳𑁆𑀦 (madhyāhna). Cognate with Pali majjhanha, majjhaṇha.

inh+

𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀧𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀺𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲-𑀯𑀺 𑀕𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 𑀧𑀳𑀺𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀳𑀭𑀇 𑀲𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀯𑀁
𑀳𑀺𑀅𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺𑀅𑀚𑀸𑀆𑀫𑀼𑀳𑀫𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀚𑁄𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀚𑀮𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀯𑀳𑁄
majjhaṇhapatthiassa-vi gimhe pahiassa haraï saṃtāvaṃ

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 399

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
In the midday heat of summer the mere thought of the refreshing stream of cool moonlight
From his wife’s round face restores the traveler.

𑀫𑀥𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀳𑁆𑀦𑁂 𑀳𑀂 𑁈𑁮𑁪𑁈
𑀫𑀥𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀳𑁆𑀦𑁂 𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀬 𑀮𑀼𑀕𑁆 𑀯𑀸 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺𑁇 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀦𑁆𑀦𑁄 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀡𑁆𑀳𑁄𑁇
madhyāhne haḥ .84.

c. 1088 – 1173, Hemachandra, Siddha-Hema-Śabdanuśāśana Chapter 8 2, 84

madhyāhne hasya lug vā bhavati. majjhanno majjhaṇho.


𑀦𑀺𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">निय</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">નિય</i>

𑀦𑀺𑀬 (niya) (Devanagari निय, Gujarati નિય)

niya (romanization)
निय (Devanagari)
નિય (Gujarati)

Inherited from Sanskrit नीत (nītá, “led”). Cognate with Maharastri Prakrit 𑀡𑀺𑀅 (ṇia), Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀡𑀻𑀤 (ṇīda), Magadhi Prakrit 𑀡𑀻𑀤 (ṇīda), Pali nīta.


अक्खइ

The language code "pra-pai" in the first parameter is not valid (see Wiktionary:List of languages).

𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇#Prakrit


𑀢𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">तिट्ठ</i>

tiṭṭha (romanization)
तिट्ठ (Devanagari)

𑀤𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞 𑀤𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞#Prakrit

Paisaci variant of 𑀤𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞 (diṭṭha, “seen”)

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀧𑀸𑀴𑀓

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पाळक</i>

𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅 𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅#Prakrit

Paisaci variant of 𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅 (bālaa, “child, boy”)

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀪𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀆

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">भारिआ</i>

bhāriā (romanization)
भारिआ (Devanagari)

𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸#Prakrit

Paisaci variant of 𑀪𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸 (bhajjā, “wife”)

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀧𑀢𑁂𑀲

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पतेस</i>

Inherited from Sanskrit प्रदेश (pradeśa).

inh+

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀓𑀓𑀦

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">ककन</i>

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अक्खइ</i>

pra-head

𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (akkhaï) (Devanagari अक्खइ) (intransitive)

akkhaï (romanization)
अक्खइ (Devanagari)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Chakma: [script needed] (āge, 3sg.pres)

Bihari:

desc

Bhojpuri: खे (khē, 3sg.pres), ⇒ नैखे (naikhē, “3sg.pres.neg”)

Old Maithili: अखलु (akhᵊlʉ, “was”)

Sadri: ⇒ नखी (nakhī, 3sg.pres.neg)

𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇#Prakrit

Alternative form of 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (acchaï, “to remain”)


𑀔𑀫𑁆𑀫

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">खम्म</i>

Inherited from Sanskrit घर्म (gharmá). Cognate with Maharastri Prakrit 𑀖𑀫𑁆𑀫 (ghamma).

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀫𑀴

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मळ</i>

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀫𑀝 (maṭa), from Sanskrit मृत (mṛtá).

inh+

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀢𑁂𑀯𑀭

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">तेवर</i>

Inherited from Sanskrit देवर (devara), a later form of देवृ (devṛ), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *daHiwā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *daHiwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *dayh₂wḗr.

(Paiśācī) husband's brother; brother-in-law

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀧𑀸𑀝𑀮𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पाटलिपुत्त</i>

𑀧𑀸𑀝𑀮𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (pāṭaliputta) (Devanagari पाटलिपुत्त)

pāṭaliputta (romanization)
पाटलिपुत्त (Devanagari)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀧𑀸𑀝𑀮𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢 (pāṭaliputa /pāṭaliputta/), from Sanskrit पाटलिपुत्र (pāṭaliputra).

inh+

Pataliputra (the ancient capital of the Magadha kingdom; modern Patna)

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">लच्छी</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಲಚ್ಛೀ</i>

𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 (lacchī) f (Devanagari लच्छी, Kannada ಲಚ್ಛೀ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

lacchī (romanization)
लच्छी (Devanagari)
ಲಚ್ಛೀ (Kannada)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 (plural vocative)

Old Gujarati: लाछि (lāchi)

Gujarati: લાછ (lāch)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: लाछ (lāch), लाछी (lāchī)

Mahajani script: 𑅮𑅚 (lch), 𑅮𑅚𑅑 (lchi)

Inherited from Sanskrit लक्ष्मी (lakṣmī́). Cognate with Pali lakkhī.

inh+

𑀆𑀭𑀁𑀪𑀁𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀥𑀼𑀅𑀁 𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 𑀫𑀭𑀡𑀁-𑀯 𑀳𑁄𑀇 𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲
𑀢𑀁 𑀫𑀭𑀡𑀁 𑀅𑀡𑀸𑀭𑀁𑀪𑁂-𑀯𑀺 𑀳𑁄𑀇 𑀮𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻 𑀉𑀡 𑀡 𑀳𑁄𑀇
āraṃbhaṃtassa dhuaṃ lacchī maraṇaṃ-va hoi purisassa

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 42

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
If a man shows initiative, there is the prospect of either wealth or death.
Even if he lacks initiative, death is certain, wealth is not.

taṃ maraṇaṃ aṇāraṃbhe-vi hoi lacchī uṇa ṇa hoi


𑀏𑀢𑀺𑀲

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">एतिस</i>

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀏𑀤𑀺𑀲 (edisa), from Sanskrit ईदृश (īdṛ́śa). Cognate with Pali edisa, īdisa.

inh+

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀧𑀳𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पहुप्पइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪಹುಪ್ಪಇ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀧𑀳𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀇 (pahuppaï) (Devanagari पहुप्पइ, Kannada ಪಹುಪ್ಪಇ) (intransitive)

pahuppaï (romanization)
पहुप्पइ (Devanagari)
ಪಹುಪ್ಪಇ (Kannada)

hi:सुभद्र झा

Inherited from Sanskrit *प्रभुत्वति (prabhutvati), an unattested verb from the root प्रभू (prabhū, “to surpass; to control”).


𑀚𑀇

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಜಇ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

jaï (romanization)
जइ (Devanagari)
ಜಇ (Kannada)

Old Bengali: জই

Old Gujarati: जइ (jaï)

Marwari: जे (je), जै (jai), जइ (jai)

Maithili:

Devanagari script: जँ (jã), जऽ (ja²), ज' (ja')

Tirhuta script: 𑒖𑒿 (jã), 𑒖𑓄, 𑒖' (ja')

Old Marathi: jaiṃ

Devanagari script: जैं (jaiṃ)

Modi script: 𑘕𑘺𑘽 (jaiṃ)

Marathi: जई (jaī) (poetic)

Old Punjabi: ਜਿ (ji), ਜੇ (je)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਜੇ (je)

Shahmukhi script: جے (je)

⇒ Old Punjabi: ਜੇਕਰਿ (jekari)

→ Punjabi: ਜੇਕਰ (jekar)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: جي

Devanagari script: जे

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𐨩𐨡𐨁 (yadi). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀚𑀤𑀺 (jadi), Magadhi Prakrit 𑀬𑀇 (yaï), 𑀬𑀤𑀺 (yadi), Pali yadi.

inh+

𑀚𑀇 𑀲𑁄 𑀡 𑀯𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀳𑁄-𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀺𑀅 𑀕𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀳𑀡𑁂𑀡 𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀲𑀳𑀺 𑀓𑀻𑀲
𑀳𑁄𑀇 𑀫𑀼𑀳𑀁 𑀢𑁂 𑀭𑀯𑀺𑀅𑀭-𑀨𑀁𑀲𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀁-𑀯 𑀢𑀸𑀫𑀭𑀲𑀁
jaï so ṇa vallaho-ccia gŏttaggahaṇeṇa tassa sahi kīsa

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 343

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
If he is not dear to you, how comes it, my friend, that at the mere mention of his name
Your face opens like a lotus touched by the rays of the sun?

hoi muhaṃ te raviara-phaṃsavisaṭṭaṃ-va tāmarasaṃ


𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀡𑁄𑀤𑀺

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सक्कणोदि</i>

pra-head

𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀡𑁄𑀤𑀺 (sakkaṇodi) (Devanagari सक्कणोदि) (intransitive)

sakkaṇodi (romanization)
सक्कणोदि (Devanagari)

𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇 𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇#Prakrit

Śaurasenī form of 𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇 (sakkaï, “to be able to”)


𑀚𑀳𑀸

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जहा</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">જહા</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಜಹಾ</i>

𑀚𑀳𑀸 (jahā) (Devanagari जहा, Gujarati જહા, Kannada ಜಹಾ)

jahā (romanization)
जहा (Devanagari)
જહા (Gujarati)
ಜಹಾ (Kannada)


𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀼

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उज्जु</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">ઉજ્જુ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಉಜ್ಜು</i>

𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀼 (ujju) (Devanagari उज्जु, Gujarati ઉજ્જુ, Kannada ಉಜ್ಜು)

ujju (romanization)
उज्जु (Devanagari)
ઉજ્જુ (Gujarati)
ಉಜ್ಜು (Kannada)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: उजु (uju)

Modi script: 𑘄𑘕𑘳 (uju)

Inherited from Sanskrit ऋजु (ṛjú, “straight”). Cognate with Pali uju.

inh+

𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀼-𑀅𑀭𑀏 𑀡 𑀢𑀽𑀲𑀇 𑀯𑀁𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺-𑀯𑀺 𑀆𑀅𑀫𑀁 𑀯𑀺𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀇
𑀏𑀢𑁆𑀣 𑀅𑀳𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸𑀇 𑀫𑀏 𑀧𑀺𑀏 𑀧𑀺𑀅𑀁 𑀓𑀳 𑀡𑀼 𑀓𑀸𑀅𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀁?
ujju-arae ṇa tūsaï vaṃkammi-vi āamaṃ viappei

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 476

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
Straightforward pleasure doesn’t satisfy him, he says, and if I spice it up, he wonders who taught me that.
As I always get it wrong, how will I ever make him happy?

ĕttha ahavvāi mae pie piaṃ kaha ṇu kāavvaṃ?


𑀚𑀥𑀸

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जधा</i>

Takka Apabhramsa: 𑆘𑆴𑆣 (jidha)

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi:

Arabic script: جان

Devanagari script: जां

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀬𑀣𑀸 (yathā), from Sanskrit यथा (yáthā). Compare Maharastri Prakrit 𑀚𑀳𑀸 (jahā).


𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सक्कइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸಕ್ಕಇ</i>

𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇 (sakkaï) (Devanagari सक्कइ, Kannada ಸಕ್ಕಇ)

sakkaï (romanization)
सक्कइ (Devanagari)
ಸಕ್ಕಇ (Kannada)

Apabhramsa: सक्कइ (sakkaï) (see there for further descendants)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱek-
Proto-Indo-European *-néwti
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćaknáwti
Sanskrit श॒क्नोति॑ (śaknóti)
Prakrit 𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇 (sakkaï)Inherited from Sanskrit श॒क्नोति॑ (śaknóti), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćaknáwti, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱek- + *-néwti. Cognate with Pali sakkoti.

etymon

sa>श॒क्नोति॑>able


𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पिसाअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪಿಸಾಅ</i>

𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅 (pisāa) m (Devanagari पिसाअ, Kannada ಪಿಸಾಅ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pisāa (romanization)
पिसाअ (Devanagari)
ಪಿಸಾಅ (Kannada)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀑 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀆 (plural vocative)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: पिसो (piso)

Kannada script: ಪಿಸೊ (piso)

Latin script: piso

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: पिस (pisa), पिसें (piseṃ), पिसी (pisī)

Modi script: 𑘢𑘲𑘭 (pīsa), 𑘢𑘲𑘭𑘹𑘽 (pīseṃ), 𑘢𑘲𑘭𑘲 (pīsī)

From Sanskrit पिशाच (piśācá). Cognate with Ardhamagadhi Prakrit 𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀬 (pisāya), Pali pisāca.

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀲𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सय</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸಯ</i>

saya (romanization)
सय (Devanagari)
ಸಯ (Kannada)

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀬

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पिसाय</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪಿಸಾಯ</i>

𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀬 (pisāya) m (Devanagari पिसाय, Kannada ಪಿಸಾಯ)

pisāya (romanization)
पिसाय (Devanagari)
ಪಿಸಾಯ (Kannada)

𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅 𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅#Prakrit

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀲𑀤

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सद</i>

Old Gujarati: सउ (saü)

Gujarati: સો (so)

Hindustani:

Hindi: सौ (sau)

Urdu: سو (sau)

Nepali: सय (saya)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸੌ (sau)

Shahmukhi script: سَو (sau)

Romani: śel, šel (Pan-Vlax), shel, șăl

Sindhi:

Arabic script: سؤ

Devanagari script: सउ

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀲𑀢 (sata), from Sanskrit शत (śatá, “hundred”). Cognate with Pali sata.

inh+

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀰𑀤

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">शद</i>

śada (romanization)
शद (Devanagari)
𑀰𑀤𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀰𑀤𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀰𑀤𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀰𑀤𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀰𑀤𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀰𑀤𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀤𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀰𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀤𑀼 (ablative singular)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀰𑀤𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀰𑀤𑀰𑀼𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative plural)
𑀰𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀤𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀤𑀼 (ablative plural)
𑀰𑀤𑀰𑁆𑀰 (genitive singular)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀳 (genitive singular)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀳𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀰𑀤𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀰𑀤𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀰𑀤𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀰𑀤𑁂𑀰𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀰𑀤𑁂𑀰𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀰𑀤𑀁 (singular vocative)
𑀰𑀤𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)

Assamese: শ (xo)

Bengali: শ (śo)

Bhojpuri: सौ (sau)

Odia: ଶହ (śaha)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀲𑀢 (sata), from Sanskrit शत (śatá, “hundred”). Cognate with Ardhamagadhi Prakrit 𑀲𑀬 (saya), Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀤 (sada), Maharastri Prakrit 𑀲𑀅 (saa), Pali sata.

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀲𑀅

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸಅ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

saa (romanization)
सअ (Devanagari)
ಸಅ (Kannada)
𑀲𑀅𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀆𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀆𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀆𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀆𑀇 (plural vocative)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: -शे (-śe)

Kannada script: -ಶೆ (-śe)

Latin script: -xem

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: श्ये (śye), सें (seṃ)

Modi script: 𑘫𑘿𑘧𑘹 (śye), 𑘭𑘹𑘽 (seṃ)

PIE word
 *ḱm̥tóm
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀲𑀢 (sata), from Sanskrit शत (śatá, “hundred”). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀤 (sada), Ardhamagadhi Prakrit 𑀲𑀬 (saya), Magadhi Prakrit 𑀰𑀤 (śada), Pali sata.


𑀢𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">तिण्णि</i>

tiṇṇi (romanization)
तिण्णि (Devanagari)
𑀢𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀺 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀢𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: तीन (tīna)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Bhojpuri: तीन (tīn)

Early Assamese: তিনি (tini)

Assamese: তিনি (tini)

Old Bengali: তিন

Bengali: তিন (tin)

Bishnupriya Manipuri: তিন

Chakma: 𑄖𑄨𑄚𑄴 (tin)

Rohingya: tin

Sylheti: ꠔꠤꠘ (tin)

Odia: ତିନି (tini)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: तीन (tīn)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: तिं (tiṃ), तीं (tīṃ), तीनि (tīni)

Modi script: 𑘝𑘲𑘽 (tīṃ), 𑘝𑘲𑘡𑘲 (tīnī)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਤਿੰਨ (tinn)

Shahmukhi script: تِنّ (tinn)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Old Gujarati: तिन्न (tinna), तीन (tīna)

Marwari: तीन (tīn)

Old Hindi: तीनि (tīni)

Hindustani: tīn

Hindi: तीन

Urdu: تین (ten)

desctree

Romani: trin
Caló: trin, trine
Tavringer Romani: trinn

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀢𑀺𑀁𑀦𑀺 (tiṃni), from Sanskrit त्रीणि n (trī́ṇi).

inh+

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀫𑁂𑀲

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मेस</i>

mesa (romanization)
मेस (Devanagari)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑁂𑀲 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: मेस (mes)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *moysós
Proto-Indo-Iranian *mayšás
Sanskrit मे॒ष (meṣá)
Prakrit 𑀫𑁂𑀲 (mesa)Inherited from Sanskrit मे॒ष (meṣá), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mayšás, from Proto-Indo-European *moysós.


𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">गोहूम</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಗೋಹೂಮ</i>

𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (gohūma) m (Devanagari गोहूम, Kannada ಗೋಹೂಮ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

gohūma (romanization)
गोहूम (Devanagari)
ಗೋಹೂಮ (Kannada)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central:

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Awadhi: गेहूँ (gehū̃)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (gohūma)

Romani: giv, ghiu

Lomavren: gihu, giu

Sauraseni Apabhramsa:

Hindustani:

desc

Hindi: गोहूँ (gohū̃), गेहूँ (gehū̃), गहूँ (gahū̃)

Urdu: گوہُوں (gohū̃), گیہُوں (gehū̃), گَہُوں (gahū̃)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: ঘেঁহু (ghẽhu), গম (gom), গোম (güm), ঘেঁহু (ghẽhu), গোমধান (gümodhan)

Bengali: গম (gom), গোম (gōm), গম (gom)

→ Burmese: ဂျုံ (gyum)

Bihari: गोहुँ (gohũ), गहुम (gahum)

Bhojpuri: गोहूँ (gōhū̃)

Maithili: गोहुम (gōhum), गहूम (gahūm)

Odia: ଗହୁଁ (gahũ), ଗହମ (gahama)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: गेवुँ (gevũ)

Kumaoni: ग्यूँ (gyū̃)

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: गहुँ (gahũ), गउँ (ga͠u)

Western Pahari:

Bhadrawahi: गहूं (gahū̃), गेउं (geũ)

Pangwali: गिऊंह (giū̃h)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Vracada Apabhramsa:

गेहूं//گيهُون

Sindhi: गेहूं／گيهُون (g̠ehū̃)

Sindhi: गेहूं／گيهُون (g̠ehū̃)

Jadgali: [script needed] (gī̃ū̃)

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ގޮދަން (godan̊)

Sinhalese: ගොයම (goyama)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (gohūma)

Konkani: gãv

Devanagari script: गंव

Kannada script: ಗಂವ್

Latin script: gonv

Marathi: गहू (gahū)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀽𑀫 (gohūma)

Gurjara Apabhramsa:

Gujarati: ઘઉં (ghaũ), ઘઉં (ghaũ)

Inherited from Sanskrit गोधूम (godhū́ma). Cognate with Pali godhūma, Niya Prakrit 𐨒𐨆𐨡𐨂𐨨 (goduma), Gandhari 𐨒𐨆𐨢𐨂𐨨 (godhuma).


𑀣𑁄𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">थोअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಥೋಅ</i>

𑀣𑁄𑀅 (thoa) (Devanagari थोअ, Kannada ಥೋಅ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

thoa (romanization)
थोअ (Devanagari)
ಥೋಅ (Kannada)

Inherited from Sanskrit स्तोक (stoká, “drop, dot”). Cognate with Pali thoka.

inh+

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀙𑀸𑀆

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">छाआ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಛಾಆ</i>

𑀙𑀸𑀆 (chāā) f (Devanagari छाआ, Kannada ಛಾಆ)

chāā (romanization)
छाआ (Devanagari)
ಛಾಆ (Kannada)
𑀙𑀸𑀆 (nominative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀙𑀸𑀏 (singular vocative)
𑀙𑀸𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀙𑀸𑀆𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀙𑀸𑀆 (plural vocative)

Hindustani: chā̃v

Hindi: छाँव

Urdu: چھان٘و (chā̃o)

Punjabi: ਛਾ (chā)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (chāyā), from Sanskrit छाया (chāyā́). Cognate with Pali chāyā.

inh+

सावली

*𑀙𑀸𑀆-𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮-𑀇𑀆 ~ *𑀙𑀸𑀆-𑀉𑀮𑁆𑀮-𑀇𑀆 (*chāā-illa-iā ~ *chāā-ulla-iā)


𑀡𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁄𑀳

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णग्गोह</i>

ṇaggoha (romanization)
णग्गोह (Devanagari)

Inherited from Sanskrit न्यग्रोध (nyagródha).


𑀣𑁄𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">थोय</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಥೋಯ</i>

𑀣𑁄𑀬 (thoya) (Devanagari थोय, Kannada ಥೋಯ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

thoya (romanization)
थोय (Devanagari)
ಥೋಯ (Kannada)


𑀫𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मय</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">મય</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಮಯ</i>

𑀫𑀬 (maya) (Devanagari मय, Gujarati મય, Kannada ಮಯ)

maya (romanization)
मय (Devanagari)
મય (Gujarati)
ಮಯ (Kannada)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀫𑀢 (mata), from Sanskrit मृत (mṛtá).


𑀅𑀁𑀩

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अंब</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಅಂಬ</i>

𑀅𑀁𑀩 (aṃba) m (Devanagari अंब, Kannada ಅಂಬ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

aṃba (romanization)
अंब (Devanagari)
ಅಂಬ (Kannada)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸 (plural vocative)

From Ashokan Prakrit 𑀅𑀁𑀩 (aṃba), from Sanskrit आम्र (āmrá). Cognate with Pali amba.


𑀅𑀁𑀩

aṃba (romanization)
अंब (Devanagari)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀩 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: आंब (āṃba)

Modi script: 𑘁𑘽𑘤 (āṃba)

Marathi: आंबा→ Iraqi Arabic: عَمْبَة→ Israeli Hebrew: עַמְבָּה→ English: amba

→ Somali: cámbe

→ Arabic: عَنْبَة (ʕanba), عَنْبَا (ʕanbā)


𑀅𑀁𑀓

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अंक</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಅಂಕ</i>

𑀅𑀁𑀓 (aṃka) m (Devanagari अंक, Kannada ಅಂಕ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

aṃka (romanization)
अंक (Devanagari)
ಅಂಕ (Kannada)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀁𑀓 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀁𑀓𑀸 (plural vocative)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: आंक (āṃka)

Modi script: 𑘁𑘽𑘎 (āṃka)

Inherited from Sanskrit अङ्क (aṅká). Cognate with Pali aṅka.


𑀳𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">हुट्ठ</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">હુટ્ઠ</i>

𑀳𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞 (huṭṭha) n (Devanagari हुट्ठ, Gujarati હુટ્ઠ)

huṭṭha (romanization)
हुट्ठ (Devanagari)
હુટ્ઠ (Gujarati)


𑀓𑀸𑀬

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">काय</i>


𑀓𑀸𑀅

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">काअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಕಾಅ</i>

𑀓𑀸𑀅 (kāa) m (Devanagari काअ, Kannada ಕಾಅ, feminine 𑀓𑀸𑀈)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

kāa (romanization)
काअ (Devanagari)
ಕಾಅ (Kannada)
𑀓𑀸𑀈 (feminine)
𑀓𑀸𑀑 (nominative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀏 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀓𑀸𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀓𑀸𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑀸𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑀸𑀆 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit काक (kā́ka, “crow”, onomatopoeia). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀸𑀕 (kāga), Pali kāka.

onom

onomatopoeia

inh+

𑀥𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀥𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀁𑀢𑀫𑀼𑀳𑀸 𑀮𑀁𑀯𑀺𑀅𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸 𑀡𑀺𑀉𑀁𑀘𑀺𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀻𑀯𑀸
𑀯𑀇𑀯𑁂𑀠𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 𑀓𑀸𑀆 𑀲𑀽𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡-𑀯𑁆𑀯 𑀤𑀻𑀲𑀁𑀢𑀺
dhārādhuvvaṃtamuhā laṃviavakkhā ṇiuṃciaggīvā

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 564

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
The crows on the boundary fence with their faces bedraggled, their wings drooping, their necks sunken,
Look as though they had been impaled.


𑀪𑁄𑀫

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">भोम</i>

Inherited from Sanskrit भौम (bhaumá, “earthly”).


𑀳𑀽𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">हूअ</i>

Inherited from Sanskrit भूत (bhūtá, “become, been”).


𑀪𑀽𑀤

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">भूद</i>

Hindi: हुआ (huā)


𑀳𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁄

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">हिज्जो</i>

hijjo (romanization)
हिज्जो (Devanagari)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: އިއްޔެ (iyye)

Sinhalese: ඊයේ (īyē)

Khasa Prakrit:

Nepali: हिजो (hijo)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Romani: idž, ič, iž, jič, jidž

Inherited from Sanskrit ह्यः (hyáḥ). Cognate with Pali hiyyo.


𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मज्झ</i>

Assamese: মাজ (maz)

Bengali: মাঝ (majh)

Marathi: माज (māj), माजी (mājī) (poetic)


𑀘𑀺𑀅

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">चिअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಚಿಅ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

cia (romanization)
चिअ (Devanagari)
ಚಿಅ (Kannada)

desc

Konkani: -c (suffix used to denote emphasis)

Devanagari script: -च

Kannada script: -ಚ್

Latin script: -ch

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: -च (-ca), -चि (-ci)

Modi script: -𑘓 (-ca), -𑘓𑘲 (-cī)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀘𑁂𑀯 (ceva). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀘𑁂𑀅 (cea), Ardhamagadhi Prakrit 𑀘𑁂𑀯 (ceva).

inh+

𑀅𑀫𑀅-𑀫𑀅 𑀕𑀅𑀡-𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀭 𑀭𑀅𑀡𑀻-𑀫𑀼𑀳-𑀢𑀺𑀮𑀅 𑀘𑀁𑀤 𑀤𑁂 𑀙𑀺𑀯𑀲𑀼
𑀙𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 𑀚𑁂𑀳𑀺 𑀧𑀺𑀅𑀅𑀫𑁄 𑀫𑀫𑀁-𑀧𑀺 𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁-𑀘𑀺𑀅 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁
amaa-maa gaaṇa-sehara raaṇī-muha-tilaa caṃda de chivasu

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 16

Sweet moon, crest jewel of the sky, beauty spot on the face of night,
Touch me with the very same rays with which you’ve touched my most dearly beloved.

chitto jehi piaamo mamaṃ-pi tehiṃ-cia karehiṃ


𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अग्ग</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಅಗ್ಗ</i>

𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕 (agga) n (Devanagari अग्ग, Kannada ಅಗ್ಗ)

agga (romanization)
अग्ग (Devanagari)
ಅಗ್ಗ (Kannada)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀮 (aggala)

desctree

Old Gujarati: आगलि (ā̃gali)
Gujarati: આગળ (āgaḷ)

*𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕-𑀮-𑀅 (*agga-la-a)

Old Marathi:

Marathi: आगळे (āgḷe)

𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀑 (aggāo), 𑀅𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀤𑁄 (aggādo) (ablative singular)

Gujarati: અગાઉ (agāu)

Hindi: अगाऊ (agāū)

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘀𑘑𑘰𑘪 (aghāva), 𑘁𑘑𑘰𑘌 (āghāo), 𑘁𑘑𑘰𑘪 (āghāva)

Devanagari script: अघाव (aghāva), आघाओ (āghāo), आघाव (āghāva)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਅਗਾਊਂ (agāū̃)

Shahmukhi script: اگاؤں

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀅𑀕 (aga /agga/), from Sanskrit अग्र (ágra). Cognate with Pali agga.


𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">ण्हाण</i>

ṇhāṇa (romanization)
ण्हाण (Devanagari)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

desc

Old Marathi: नहाण (nahāṇa), न्हाण (nhāṇa)

Marathi: नहाण (nahāṇ), न्हाण (nhāṇ)

Inherited from Sanskrit स्नान (snāna). Cognate with Pali sināna, nahāna.


𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">खग्ग</i>

khagga (romanization)
खग्ग (Devanagari)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕 (singular vocative)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit खड्ग (khaḍgá). Cognate with Pali khagga.


दत्त

𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢 𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢 (“given, granted”)


दत्त

𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢 𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢 (“a sickle or scythe”)


𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀬

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णत्तुय</i>

ṇattuya (romanization)
णत्तुय (Devanagari)

𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀅 𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀅#Prakrit

(Jain Māhārāṣṭrī) hiatus-filler form of 𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀅 (ṇattua)

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀬

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">बालय</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಬಾಲಯ</i>

𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀬 (bālaya) m (Devanagari बालय, Kannada ಬಾಲಯ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

bālaya (romanization)
बालय (Devanagari)
ಬಾಲಯ (Kannada)

𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅 𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅#Prakrit


𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">बालअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಬಾಲಅ</i>

𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅 (bālaa) m (Devanagari बालअ, Kannada ಬಾಲಅ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

bālaa (romanization)
बालअ (Devanagari)
ಬಾಲಅ (Kannada)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀑 (nominative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏 (accusative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀩𑀸𑀮𑀆 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit बालक (bālaka). Cognate with Pali bālaka.


𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पोत्त</i>

𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢 (pŏtta) m (Devanagari पोत्त, feminine 𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆)

pŏtta (romanization)
पोत्त (Devanagari)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆 (feminine)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀭 (potra), from Sanskrit पौत्र (paútra). Related to 𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (putta, “son”).


𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢

pŏtta (romanization)
पोत्त (Devanagari)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit *प्लोत्र (plotra), from the root प्लु (plu, “to sail, cross”) + -त्र (-tra, “instrument, means”).


𑀧𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀢

Inherited from Sanskrit पोत्र (potra, “cloth, garment”) (compare पोत (pota)).


𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀅

head

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णत्तुअ</i>

ṇattua (romanization)
णत्तुअ (Devanagari)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀑 (nominative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀏 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀆 (plural vocative)

Konkani: nāthu

Devanagari script: नाथु (nāthu)

Kannada script: ನಾಥು (nāthu)

Latin script: nathu

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: नातु (nātu)

Modi script: 𑘡𑘰𑘝𑘳 (nātu)

Punjabi: ਨੱਤਾ (nattā)

Inherited from Sanskrit नप्तृ (náptṛ) (compare नपात् (nápāt)) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-). Cognate with Pali nattar.

নাতি

𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅 (ṇattia)

নাতি

𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅 (ṇattia)

nati

𑀡𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅 (ṇattia)


𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मुट्ठि</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಮುಟ್ಠಿ</i>

𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 (muṭṭhi) f (Devanagari मुट्ठि, Kannada ಮುಟ್ಠಿ)

muṭṭhi (romanization)
मुट्ठि (Devanagari)
ಮುಟ್ಠಿ (Kannada)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

desc

Hindi: मुट्ठी (muṭṭhī), मूठ (mūṭh), मुठिया (muṭhiyā)

Urdu: مُوٹھ (mūṭh), مُٹّھِی (muṭṭhī), مُٹھِیا (muṭhiyā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Assamese: মুঠি (muthi)

Bengali: মুঠি (muṭhi), মুঠা (muṭha)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: मूठ (mūṭh), मूठा (mūṭhā), मूठी (mūṭhī)

Magahi: 𑂧𑂴𑂘𑂱 (mūṭhi)

Odia: ମୁଠା (muṭhā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: मुट्ठी (muṭṭhī)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮੁੱਠ (muṭṭha), ਮੁੱਠੀ (muṭṭhī)

Shahmukhi script: مُٹّھ (muṭṭh), مُٹّھِی (muṭṭhī)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani:

Devanagari script: मूट (mūṭ)

Kannada script: ಮೂಟ್ (mūṭ)

Latin script: mut

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: मुठी (muṭhī, “fist”), मुठीया (muṭhīyā, “Muthia”)

Modi script: 𑘦𑘳𑘙𑘲 (muṭhī, “fist”), 𑘦𑘳𑘙𑘲𑘧𑘰 (muṭhīyā, “Muthia”)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: મૂઠ (mūṭh), મુઠ્ઠી (muṭhṭhī)

⇒ Gujarati: મૂઠિયું (mūṭhiyũ, “Muthia”)

→ English: muthia, muthiya

→ Kannada: ಮೂಠಿಯಾ (mūṭhiyā)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit मुष्टि (muṣṭi)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 (muṭṭhi)
Inherited from Sanskrit मुष्टि (muṣṭí), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *muštíš. Cognate with Pali muṭṭhi.

etymon

[…] 𑀯𑀺𑀡𑀺𑀳𑀺𑀤-𑀘𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡-𑀫𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺-𑀧𑀸𑀁𑀟𑀼𑀭𑀸𑀑 […]
[…]viṇihida-cuṇṇa-muṭṭhi-pāṃḍurāo[…]

[…] whitened by handfuls of powder strewn over them […]


𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">छेप्प</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಛೆಪ್ಪ</i>

𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧 (chĕppa) n (Devanagari छेप्प, Kannada ಛೆಪ್ಪ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

chĕppa (romanization)
छेप्प (Devanagari)
ಛೆಪ್ಪ (Kannada)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧 (singular vocative)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀙𑁂𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Marathi: शेप (śep), शेंप (śempa) (obsolete)

From Sanskrit शेप्या (śepyā́), a feminine form of शेप (śépa), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *šáypas, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeyp-o- (“pole, stick”). Cognate with Pali cheppā.


𑀆𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟

Central Indo-Aryan:

Eastern Hindi:

Awadhi: akaṛ

Devanagari script: अकड़

Kaithi script: 𑂃𑂍𑂚

Chhattisgarhi: अकड़ (akaṛ)

Western Hindi:

Braj: अकड़ (akaṛ)

Bundeli: अकड़ (akaṛ)

Haryanvi: अकड़ (akaṛ), अक्खड़ (akkhaṛ)

Kannauji: अकड़

Middle Hindi: اکڙ (akṛ /akaṛ/)

Hindustani: akaṛ, akkhaṛ (“stiffness; ego”)

desc

Hindi: अकड़, अक्खड़

Hindi: अकड़, अक्खड़

Urdu: اَکَڑ, اَکَّھڑ

Urdu: اَکَڑ, اَکَّھڑ

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Angika:

Devanagari script: अकड़ (akaṛ)

Kaithi script: 𑂃𑂍𑂚 (akaṛ)

Magahi:

Devanagari script: अकड़ (akaṛ)

Kaithi script: 𑂃𑂍𑂚 (akaṛ)

Maithili: akaṛ

Devanagari script: अकड़

Tirhuta script: 𑒁𑒏𑒛𑓃

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: अकड़ (akaṛ), अक्खड़ (akkhaṛ)

Kumaoni: अकड़, अक्खड़

Kumaoni: अकड़, अक्खड़

Eastern Pahari:

Doteli: अकड (akaḍ), अक्खड (akkhaḍ)

Nepali: अकड (akaḍ), अक्कड (akkaḍ), अक्कर (akkar)

Western Pahari:

Dogri: akkhaṛ, ākaṛ

Devanagari script: अक्खड़, आकड़

Dogra script: 𑠀𑠊𑠹𑠋𑠫, 𑠁𑠊𑠫

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabic:

Pahari-Potwari: ākaṛ

Gurmukhi script: ਆਕਡ਼

Shahmukhi script: آکَڑ

Punjabi: ākaṛ

Gurmukhi script: ਆਕਡ਼

Shahmukhi script: آکَڑ

Saraiki: ākaṛ

Devanagari script: आकड़ (ākaṛ)

Multani script: 𑊀𑊄𑊧 (akṛ /ākaṛ/)

Shahmukhi script: آکَڑ

Sindhic:

Kachchi: akaṛ

Gujarati script: અકડ઼

Khudabadi script: 𑊰𑊺𑋊

Sindhi: ākuṛu

Arabic script: آڪُڙُ

Devanagari script: आकुड़ु

Khudabadi script: 𑊱𑊺𑋣𑋊𑋣

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Marathi: akaḍ, akkaḍ

Devanagari script: अकड, अक्कड

Modi script: 𑘀𑘎𑘚, 𑘀𑘎𑘿𑘎𑘚

Varhadi: akaḷ

Devanagari script: अकळ

Modi script: 𑘀𑘎𑘯

Western Indo-Aryan:

Ahirani: अक्कड (akkaḍ)

Gojri: آکَڑ (ākaṛ)

Gujarati: અક્કડ (akkaṛ)

Malvi: अकड़ (akaṛ), अक्खड़ (akkhaṛ)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: अकड़ (akaṛ)

Mahajani script: 𑅐𑅕𑅲 (akṛ /akaṛ/)

Mewari: अकड़ (akaṛ)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit आकृ॑त (ā́kṛta)?
Prakrit *𑀆𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (*ākkaḍa)
Uncertain. Perhaps from Sanskrit आकृ॑त (ā́kṛta, “shaped, arranged”), with retention of k due to the morpheme boundary preceding it.


𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">बंधइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಬಂಧಇ</i>

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(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀇 (baṃdhaï) (Devanagari बंधइ, Kannada ಬಂಧಇ) (transitive)

baṃdhaï (romanization)
बंधइ (Devanagari)
ಬಂಧಇ (Kannada)

Konkani: बांद्चे (bāndce)

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘤𑘰𑘽𑘠𑘜𑘹 (bāṃdhaṇe), 𑘤𑘰𑘡𑘜𑘹 (bānaṇe)

Devanagari script: बांधणे (bāṃdhaṇe), बानणे (bānaṇe)

Prakrit verb set
 𑀩𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀇 (bajjhaï)
 𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀇 (baṃdhaï)
From Sanskrit बन्धति (bándhati), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *bándʰati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰándʰati, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéndʰ-e-ti, from *bʰendʰ- (“to tie”). Cognate with Pali bandhati.

pra-mah-verb set

नोंदणे

𑀡𑀺𑀩𑀁𑀥𑀇 (ṇibaṃdhaï)


𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उवविसइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಉವವಿಸಇ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇 (uvavisaï) (Devanagari उवविसइ, Kannada ಉವವಿಸಇ) (intransitive)

uvavisaï (romanization)
उवविसइ (Devanagari)
ಉವವಿಸಇ (Kannada)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: (dialectal) बैसना (baisnā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

>? Bengali–Assamese:

Early Assamese: বস্ (bos)

Assamese: বহ (boh)

Bengali: বসা (bośa)

Sylheti: ꠛꠃꠣ (boua)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: बैसल (baisal)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

>? Nepali: बस्नु (basnu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

>? Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਬਹਿਣਾ (bahiṇā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ويهَڻُ (vehaṇu)

Devanagari script: वेहणु (vehaṇu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: बस्चे (basce), बसप (basap)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: बैसणे (baisaṇe)

Modi script: 𑘤𑘺𑘭𑘜𑘹 (baisaṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gurjara Apabhramsa: बइसइ (baïsaï)

Gujarati: બેસવું (besvũ)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit उप- (upa-)
Proto-Indo-European *weyḱ-
Sanskrit विशति (viśati)
Sanskrit उप॑विशति (úpaviśati)
Prakrit 𑀉𑀯𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇 (uvavisaï)Inherited from Sanskrit उप॑विशति (úpaviśati). By surface analysis, 𑀉𑀯- (uva-) + 𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀇 (visaï). Cognate with Pali upavisati.

etymon

sa>उप॑विशति>sit


𑀔𑀸𑀅𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">खाअइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಖಾಅಇ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀔𑀸𑀅𑀇 (khāaï) (Devanagari खाअइ, Kannada ಖಾಅಇ) (transitive)

khāaï (romanization)
खाअइ (Devanagari)
ಖಾಅಇ (Kannada)

Konkani: khāvce

Devanagari script: खाव्चे (khāvce)

Kannada script: ಖಾವ್ಚೆ (khāvce)

Latin script: khavche

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘏𑘰𑘜𑘹 (khāṇe)

Devanagari script: खाणे (khāṇe)

Prakrit verb set
 𑀔𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (khajjaï)
 𑀔𑀸𑀅𑀇 (khāaï)
From Sanskrit खादति (khā́dati), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *kʰā́dati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kʰā́dati, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷh₂ḗdeti ~ *kʷh₂édeti, from *kʷh₂ed-. Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀔𑀸𑀤𑀺 (khādi), Magadhi Prakrit 𑀔𑀸𑀤𑀺 (khādi), Pali khādati.


𑀤𑁂𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">देइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ದೇಇ</i>

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(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀤𑁂𑀇 (dei) (Devanagari देइ, Kannada ದೇಇ) (transitive)

dei (romanization)
देइ (Devanagari)
ದೇಇ (Kannada)

Konkani: divce

Devanagari script: दिव्चे (divce)

Kannada script: ದಿವ್ಚೆ (divce)

Latin script: divche

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘟𑘹𑘜𑘹 (deṇe), 𑘠𑘹𑘜𑘹 (dheṇe)

Devanagari script: देणे (deṇe), धेणे (dheṇe)

Prakrit verb set
 𑀤𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (dijjaï)
 𑀤𑁂𑀇 (dei)
From Sanskrit ददाति (dádāti), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dádaHti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dádaHti, from Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti. Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀤𑁂𑀤𑀺 (dedi), Pali dadāti.


𑀤𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">दिण्ण</i>

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀤𑀺𑀁𑀦 (diṃna /diṇṇa/), from Sanskrit *दिन्न (dinna), दत्त (dattá), from Proto-Indo-European *de-dh₃-tó-s, from *deh₃- (“to give”). Cognate with Pali dinna.


𑀧𑀺𑀯𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पिवइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪಿವಇ</i>

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(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀧𑀺𑀯𑀇 (pivaï) (Devanagari पिवइ, Kannada ಪಿವಇ) (transitive)

pivaï (romanization)
पिवइ (Devanagari)
ಪಿವಇ (Kannada)

Konkani: pivce, piyevce

Devanagari script: पिव्चे, पियेव्चे

Kannada script: ಪಿವ್ಚೆ, ಪಿಯೆವ್ಚೆ

Latin script: pivche, piyevche

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘢𑘲𑘜𑘹 (pīṇe), 𑘢𑘹𑘜𑘹 (peṇe)

Devanagari script: पिणे (piṇe), पेणे (peṇe)

Prakrit verb set
 𑀧𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (pijjaï)
 𑀧𑀺𑀯𑀇 (pivaï)
From Sanskrit पिबति (píbati), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *píbati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *píbati, from Proto-Indo-European *píbeti, late variant of *píph₃eti, reduplication of *peh₃- (“to drink”). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀺𑀯𑀤𑀺 (pivadi), Magadhi Prakrit 𑀧𑀺𑀯𑀤𑀺 (pivadi), Pali pivati.

pra-mah-verb set

𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀘𑁆𑀙𑁄 𑀧𑀺𑀅𑀇 𑀚𑀮𑀁 𑀚𑀳-𑀚𑀳 𑀯𑀺𑀭𑀮𑀁𑀕𑀼𑀮𑀻 𑀘𑀺𑀭𑀁 𑀧𑀳𑀺𑀑
𑀧𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀺𑀆-𑀯𑀺 𑀢𑀳-𑀢𑀳 𑀥𑀸𑀭𑀁 𑀢𑀡𑀼𑀅𑀁-𑀧𑀺 𑀢𑀡𑀼𑀏𑀇
uddhaccho piaï jalaṃ jaha-jaha viralaṃgulī ciraṃ pahio

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 161

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
For some time the traveller has been sipping water from his cupped hand, keeping his fingers wide apart
all the while looking up towards the woman at the well who in turn has reduced the already thin stream to a mere trickle.

pāvāliā-vi taha-taha dhāraṃ taṇuaṃ-pi taṇuei


𑀧𑀻𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पीय</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪೀಯ</i>

𑀧𑀻𑀬 (pīya) (Devanagari पीय, Kannada ಪೀಯ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pīya (romanization)
पीय (Devanagari)
ಪೀಯ (Kannada)


𑀧𑀻𑀬

पिवइ पिवइ#Prakrit

hiatus-filler form of 𑀧𑀻𑀅 (pīa, past participle of पिवइ (pivaï))


𑀧𑀻𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पीअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪೀಅ</i>

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(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pīa (romanization)
पीअ (Devanagari)
ಪೀಅ (Kannada)

Inherited from Sanskrit पीत (pītá). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀻𑀤 (pīda), Pali pīta.


𑀧𑀻𑀅

𑀧𑀺𑀯𑀇 𑀧𑀺𑀯𑀇#Prakrit


𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पाणीय</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪಾಣೀಯ</i>

𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀬 (pāṇīya) n (Devanagari पाणीय, Kannada ಪಾಣೀಯ)

pāṇīya (romanization)
पाणीय (Devanagari)
ಪಾಣೀಯ (Kannada)

𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅 𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅#Prakrit

hi:सुभद्र झा


𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पाणीअ</i>

pāṇīa (romanization)
पाणीअ (Devanagari)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀤𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀤𑀼 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀰𑀼𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀤𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀤𑀼 (ablative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀰𑁆𑀰 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀳 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀳𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏𑀰𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏𑀰𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀁 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀆𑀇 (plural vocative)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Awadhi: पानी (pānī)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ފެން (fen̊)

Khasa Prakrit:

Garhwali: पाणि (pāṇi)

Nepali: पानी (pānī)

Doteli: पानी (pānī)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: পানী (pani)

Old Bengali: পানী (pānī)

Bengali: পানি (pani)

Bishnupriya Manipuri: পানি (pani)

Chakma: 𑄛𑄚𑄨 (pāni)

Rohingya: faní

Sylheti: ꠙꠣꠘꠤ (fani)

Bhojpuri:

desctree

Devanagari script: पानी (pānī)
Caribbean Hindustani: paanie

Kaithi script: 𑂣𑂰𑂢𑂲 (pānī)

Maithili: पानी (pānī)

Odia: ପାଣି (pāṇi)

Rajbanshi: পানি (pani)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: पाणी (pāṇī)

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘢𑘰𑘜𑘲 (pāṇī)

Devanagari script: पाणी (pāṇī)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Kachchi: પાણી (pāṇī)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਪਾਣੀ (pāṇī)

Shahmukhi script: پانی (pānī)

Sindhi: pāṇī

Arabic script: پاڻي

Devanagari script: पाणी

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Bhilali: पाणी

Domari: pânî

Hindustani: pānī

Hindi: पानी

Urdu: پانی (pānī)

Old Gujarati: पाणी (pāṇī)
Gojri: پاݩِی (pāṇī)
Middle Gujarati: पाण
Gujarati: પાણી (pāṇī)
Malvi: पाणी (pāṇī)
Marwari:
Devanagari script: पाणी (pāṇī)
Mahajani script: 𑅨𑅢𑅑 (pṇi)
Nimadi: पाणी (pāṇī)
Saurashtra: ꢦꢥꢶ (pani)

Romani: pani
Angloromani: pani, pali, pan, panni, pawni
Caló: pañí
→ Spanish: pañí
Erromintxela: pani
Tavringer Romani: pani
Traveller Norwegian: pani
Traveller Scottish: pani
→ Yenish: pani

→ Yolmo: पानी

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *peh₃-
Sanskrit पा (pā)
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Sanskrit -अन (-ana)
Proto-Indo-Iranian *-iHyas
Sanskrit -ईय (-īya)
Sanskrit -अनीय (-anīya)
Sanskrit पानीय (pānīya)
Prakrit 𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅 (pāṇīa)
Inherited from Sanskrit पानीय (pā́nīya). Cognate with Pali pānīya.


भगदत्त

bhagadatta (romanization)
भगदत्तो (nominative singular)
भगदत्ता (nominative plural)
भगदत्तं (accusative singular)
भगदत्ते (accusative plural)
भगदत्ता (accusative plural)
भगदत्तेण (instrumental singular)
भगदत्तेणं (instrumental singular)
भगदत्तेहि (instrumental plural)
भगदत्तेहिं (instrumental plural)
भगदत्ताअ (dative singular)
भगदत्ताओ (ablative singular)
भगदत्ताउ (ablative singular)
भगदत्ता (ablative singular)
भगदत्ताहि (ablative singular)
भगदत्ताहिंतो (ablative singular)
भगदत्तस्स (genitive singular)
भगदत्ताण (genitive plural)
भगदत्ताणं (genitive plural)
भगदत्तम्मि (locative singular)
भगदत्ते (locative singular)
भगदत्तेसु (locative plural)
भगदत्तेसुं (locative plural)
भगदत्त (singular vocative)
भगदत्ता (singular vocative)
भगदत्ता (plural vocative)

𑀪𑀕𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢 𑀪𑀕𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢#Prakrit

Devanagari script form of 𑀪𑀕𑀤𑀢𑁆𑀢 (“Bhagadatta”)


𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णावा</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಣಾವಾ</i>

𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (ṇāvā) f (Devanagari णावा, Kannada ಣಾವಾ)

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(Māhārāṣṭrī)

ṇāvā (romanization)
णावा (Devanagari)
ಣಾವಾ (Kannada)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀸 (plural vocative)

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘡𑘰𑘪 (nāva)

Devanagari script: नाव (nāva)

Punjabi: ਨਾਉ (nāu)

PIE word
 *néh₂us
Inherited from Sanskrit नौ (naú), नावा (nāvā́). Cognate with Pali nāvā.


𑀡𑀸𑀫

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णाम</i>

ṇāma (romanization)
णाम (Devanagari)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀼 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀰𑀼𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀼 (ablative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀰𑁆𑀰 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀳 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀰𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀰𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀁 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀡𑀸𑀫 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:

Awadhi: नाउँ (nāũ)

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ނަން (nan̊)

Sinhalese: නම (nama)

Khasa Prakrit:

Garhwali: नौं (na͠u)

Nepali: नाउँ (nāũ)

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: নাম (nam)

Bengali: নাম (nam)

Bhojpuri: नाउँ (nāũ)

Odia: ନାମ (nāma)

Sylheti: ꠘꠣꠝ (nam)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: nāv

Devanagari script: नाव

Kannada script: ನಾವ್

Latin script: nav

Old Marathi: nāva, nāṃva

Modi script: 𑘡𑘰𑘪, 𑘡𑘰𑘽𑘪

Devanagari script: नाव, नांव

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: nā̃

Gurmukhi script: ਨਾਂ

Shahmukhi script: ناں

Sindhi:

Devanagari script: नाउँ (nāũ)

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Old Gujarati: नाम (nāma)

Gujarati: નામ (nām)

Hindustani: nām

Hindi: नाम

Urdu: نَام (nām)

Romani: nav, anav

Inherited from Sanskrit नाम (nā́ma, “name”). The sense "bowing down" is from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hnāma, from Proto-Indo-European *nem- (whence the Sanskrit root नम् (nam, “to bow”)) and the sense "indeed" is via Ashokan Prakrit 𑀦𑀫 (nama).

inh+

𑀧𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀫𑀸𑀮𑀸 𑀡𑀸𑀫 𑀖𑀭𑀺𑀡𑀻 𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲
pupphamālā ṇāma ghariṇī tassa

c. 1122 – 1123, Devendra, Uttarādhyayana-Vṛtti VI. Nami line 145


𑀤𑀸𑀭

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">दार</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ದಾರ</i>

𑀤𑀸𑀭 (dāra) n (Devanagari दार, Kannada ದಾರ)

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(Māhārāṣṭrī)

dāra (romanization)
दार (Devanagari)
ದಾರ (Kannada)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀤𑀸𑀭 (singular vocative)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀤𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Konkani: dār

Devanagari script: दार

Latin script: dar

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘟𑘰𑘨 (dāra), 𑘟𑘰𑘨𑘹𑘽 (dāreṃ)

Devanagari script: दार (dāra), दारें (dāreṃ)

Inherited from Sanskrit द्वार (dvā́ra). Cognate with Pali dvāra.

𑀭𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸𑀧𑀇𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀡𑀅𑀡𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀮𑀸 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑀁 𑀲𑀸 𑀧𑀟𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀏 𑀏𑀁𑀢𑀁
𑀤𑀸𑀭-𑀡𑀺𑀳𑀺𑀏𑀳𑀺 𑀤𑁄𑀳𑀺-𑀯𑀺 𑀫𑀁𑀕𑀮𑀓𑀮𑀲𑁂𑀳𑀺 𑀯 𑀣𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁
racchāpaïṇṇaṇaaṇuppalā tumaṃ sā paḍicchae eṃtaṃ

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 140

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
Leaning on the door, looking out for you, she decorates the house for your return:
Her breasts two vases of plenty and her eyes lotus petals strewn on the street.

dāra-ṇihiehi dohi-vi maṃgalakalasehi va thaṇehiṃ


𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">छेत्त</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಛೆತ್ತ</i>

𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (chĕtta) n (Devanagari छेत्त, Kannada ಛೆತ್ತ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

chĕtta (romanization)
छेत्त (Devanagari)
ಛೆತ್ತ (Kannada)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (singular vocative)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani: śet

Devanagari script: शेत

Kannada script: ಶೆತ್

Latin script: xet

Old Marathi: seta

Modi script: 𑘭𑘹𑘝

Devanagari script: सेत

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: (Jhalawad) છેતર (chetar)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *teḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *tḱey-
Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr
Proto-Indo-European *-trom
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćšáytram
Sanskrit क्षेत्र॑ (kṣétra)
Prakrit 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢 (chĕtta)Inherited from Sanskrit क्षेत्र॑ (kṣétra), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćšáytram, from Proto-Indo-European *tḱey- + *-trom. Cognate with Pali khetta.

etymon

sa>क्षेत्र॑>land

𑀅𑀯𑁆𑀯𑁄! 𑀡 𑀆𑀫𑀺 𑀙𑁂𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 𑀔𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀉 𑀲𑀸𑀮𑀻 𑀯𑀺 𑀓𑀻𑀭-𑀡𑀺𑀯𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁
𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀁𑀢𑀸 𑀅𑀯𑀺 𑀧𑀳𑀺𑀆 𑀧𑀼𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀁𑀢𑀺 𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁄-𑀧𑀼𑀡𑁄 𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁
avvo! ṇa āmi chĕttaṃ khajjaü sālī vi kīra-ṇivahehiṃ

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 821

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
I won’t go to the field. What do I care if the parrots eat all the paddy.
Whenever I’m there, travellers keep asking me the way, which they know perfectly well.

jāṇaṃtā avi pahiā pucchaṃti puṇo-puṇo maggaṃ


𑀕𑀸𑀅𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">गाअइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಗಾಅಇ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀕𑀸𑀅𑀇 (gāaï) (Devanagari गाअइ, Kannada ಗಾಅಇ) (transitive)

gāaï (romanization)
गाअइ (Devanagari)
ಗಾಅಇ (Kannada)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: गाव्चे

Kannada script: ಗಾವ್ಚೆ

Latin script: gavche

Old Marathi: gāṇe

Modi script: 𑘐𑘰𑘜𑘹

Devanagari script: गाणे

Prakrit verb set
 𑀕𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (gijjaï)
 𑀕𑀸𑀅𑀇 (gāaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit गायति (gā́yati). Cognate with Pali gāyati.


𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">तुम्हे</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ತುಮ್ಹೇ</i>

𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (tumhe) (Devanagari तुम्हे, Kannada ತುಮ್ಹೇ)

tumhe (romanization)
तुम्हे (Devanagari)
ತುಮ್ಹೇ (Kannada)
𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)

Gujarati: તમે (tame)

Konkani: तुमि (tumi)

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘝𑘳𑘦𑘿𑘮𑘹 (tumhe), 𑘝𑘳𑘦𑘿𑘮𑘲𑘽 (tumhīṃ)

Devanagari script: तुम्हे (tumhe), तुम्ही (tumhī)

Punjabi: ਤੁਸੀਂ (tusī̃)

Romani: tumen, tume

Sauraseni Apabhramsa: तुम्हि (tumhi)

Hindustani: tum, tame

Hindi: तुम, तमे

Urdu: تم, تمہیں

Inherited from Sanskrit युष्मे (yuṣme, locative of युष्मद् (yuṣmad, “you all”)), with the initial consonant replaced by that of त्वम् (tvám, whence 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑀁 (tumaṃ)). Attested c. 268-232 BCE in Middle Indo-Aryan as Ashokan Prakrit 𑀢𑀼𑀨𑁂 (tuphe). Cognate with Pali tumhe.

inh

locative of <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa">युष्मद्</i> (yuṣmad, “you all”)

inh+

you all; second-person plural personal pronoun


𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जाणइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಜಾಣಇ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀇 (jāṇaï) (Devanagari जाणइ, Kannada ಜಾಣಇ) (transitive)

jāṇaï (romanization)
जाणइ (Devanagari)
ಜಾಣಇ (Kannada)

Konkani: jāṇce

Devanagari script: जाण्चे

Kannada script: ಜಾಣ್ಚೆ

Latin script: zannche

Old Marathi: jāṇaṇe

Modi script: 𑘕𑘰𑘜𑘜𑘹

Devanagari script: जाणणे

Prakrit verb set
 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀇 (jāṇaï)
 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀯𑁂𑀇 (jāṇāvei)
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀚𑀸𑀦𑀢𑀺 (jānati), from Sanskrit जानाति (jānā́ti). Cognate with Pali jānāti.


𑀏𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">एइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಏಇ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

ei (romanization)
एइ (Devanagari)
ಏಇ (Kannada)

Konkani: yevce

Devanagari script: येव्चे

Kannada script: ಯೆವ್ಚೆ

Latin script: ievchem

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘊𑘜𑘹 (eṇe), 𑘧𑘹𑘜𑘹 (yeṇe)

Devanagari script: एणे (eṇe), येणे (yeṇe)

From Ashokan Prakrit 𑀏𑀢𑀺 (eti), from Sanskrit एति (éti), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háyti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háyti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éyti, from *h₁ey- (“to go”). Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀏𑀤𑀺 (edi), Pali eti.


𑀉𑀅𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उअअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಉಅಅ</i>

𑀉𑀅𑀅 (uaa) n (Devanagari उअअ, Kannada ಉಅಅ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

uaa (romanization)
उअअ (Devanagari)
ಉಅಅ (Kannada)
𑀉𑀅𑀅𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀅𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀅𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀅𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀉𑀅𑀆𑀇 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit उदक (udaká). Cognate with Pali udaka.


𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जामाउअ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಜಾಮಾಉಅ</i>

𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅 (jāmāua) m (Devanagari जामाउअ, Kannada ಜಾಮಾಉಅ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

jāmāua (romanization)
जामाउअ (Devanagari)
ಜಾಮಾಉಅ (Kannada)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀑 (nominative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀆 (plural vocative)

*𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀅 ~ * 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀺𑀅 (*jāmāia ~ * jāmādia)

Gujarati: જમાઈ (jamāī)

Hindustani: jamāī, jãvāī

Hindi: जमाई, जँवाई

Urdu: جَمائی (jamāī), جَن٘وائی (jãvāī)

Nepali: ज्वाइँ (jwāĩ)

Konkani: jā̃vãy

Devanagari script: जांवंय

Kannada script: ಜಾಂವಂಯ್

Latin script: zanvoim

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: जावाइ (jāvāi), जावाई (jāvāī)

Modi script: 𑘕𑘰𑘪𑘰𑘃 (jāvāī)

Odia: ଜ୍ୱାଇଁ (jwāĩ)

alter

𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀬 (jāmāuya) — Jain Māhārāṣṭrī

𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀉𑀬 (jāmāuya) — Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, 𑀚𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀤𑀼𑀅 (jāmādua) — Śaurasenī

Inherited from Sanskrit जामातृ (jā́mātṛ) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-). Cognate with Pali jāmātar.


𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उड्डेइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಉಡ್ಡೇಇ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂𑀇 (uḍḍei) (Devanagari उड्डेइ, Kannada ಉಡ್ಡೇಇ) (intransitive)

uḍḍei (romanization)
उड्डेइ (Devanagari)
ಉಡ್ಡೇಇ (Kannada)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Assamese: উৰ (ur)

Bengali: উড়া (uṛa), ওড়া (ōṛa)

Bihari:

desc

Bhojpuri: उड़ल (uṛal), उड़ावल (uṛāval), उड़वावल (uṛᵊvāval)

Maithili: उड़ब (uṛab)

Odia: ଉଡ଼ିବା (uṛibā)

Sylheti: ꠃꠠ (uṛ)

Central Indo-Aryan:

desctree

Old Hindi: उडना (uḍanā)
Braj: उडन (uḍan), उड़न (uṛan)
Hindustani: uṛnā
Hindi: उड़ना
Urdu: اُڑْنَا (uṛnā)

Romani: ural

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: उड्नु (uḍnu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Old Punjabi: ਉਡਿ (uḍi), ਊਡਿ (ūḍi)
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਉੱਡਣਾ (uḍḍaṇā), ਉਡਣਾ (uḍaṇā)
Shahmukhi script: اُڈّݨا (uḍḍṇā)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘄𑘚𑘜𑘹 (uḍaṇe)

Devanagari script: उडणे (uḍaṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

desc

Old Gujarati: उडए (uḍae), ऊडए (ūḍae), ऊडइ (ūḍaï)

Gujarati: ઊડવું (ūḍavũ)

Inherited from Sanskrit उड्डयते (uḍḍayate), a variant of उड्डीयते (uḍḍīyate), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *uẓḍiHyáti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *udᶻdiHyáti (“to fly upwards or away”), from Proto-Indo-European *úd-s-dih₁yéti, a compound of *úd (“upwards, away”) + *dih₁yéti (“to chase”). Cognate with Pali uḍḍeti.


ಛ

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">छ</i>


𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">कोंकण</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಕೋಂಕಣ</i>

𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡 (koṃkaṇa) m (Devanagari कोंकण, Kannada ಕೋಂಕಣ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

koṃkaṇa (romanization)
कोंकण (Devanagari)
ಕೋಂಕಣ (Kannada)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡𑀸 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit कोङ्कण (koṅkaṇa).


𑀓𑁄𑀁𑀓𑀡

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

koṃkaṇa (romanization)
कोंकण (Devanagari)
ಕೋಂಕಣ (Kannada)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: कोंकण (koṅkaṇ)

Kannada script: ಕೊಂಕಣ್ (koṅkaṇ)

Latin script: Konkann

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘎𑘻𑘎𑘜 (kokaṇa), 𑘎𑘻𑘽𑘎𑘜 (koṃkaṇa)

Devanagari script: कोकण (kokaṇa), कोंकण (koṃkaṇa)

Konkan (a region in states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa and Karnataka, India)


𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सासू</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸಾಸೂ</i>

𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 (sāsū) f (Devanagari सासू, Kannada ಸಾಸೂ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

sāsū (romanization)
सासू (Devanagari)
ಸಾಸೂ (Kannada)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀼 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 (plural vocative)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: सासु (sāsu)

Modi script: 𑘭𑘰𑘭𑘳 (sāsu)

PIE word
 *sweḱrúh₂
Inherited from Sanskrit श्वश्रू (śvaśrū́), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *swaśrúH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swaćrúH, from Proto-Indo-European *sweḱrúh₂. Cognate with Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀏 (sāsue), Pali sassū.

inh+

𑀅𑀇𑀓𑁄𑀯𑀡𑀸-𑀯𑀺 𑀲𑀸𑀲𑀽 𑀭𑀼𑀆𑀯𑀺𑀆 𑀕𑀅𑀯𑀈𑀅 𑀲𑁄𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀏
𑀧𑀸𑀅𑀧𑀟𑀡𑁄𑀡𑀆𑀏 𑀤𑁄𑀲𑀼-𑀯𑀺 𑀕𑀮𑀺𑀏𑀲𑀼 𑀯𑀮𑀏𑀲𑀼.
aïkovaṇā-vi sāsū ruāviā gaavaīa sŏṇhāe

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 493

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
Even her harsh mother-in-law was moved to tears when both the girl’s bracelets
slipped off as she fell at her feet, so long had her husband been abroad.


𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">संझा</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಸಂಝಾ</i>

𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸 (saṃjhā) f (Devanagari संझा, Kannada ಸಂಝಾ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

saṃjhā (romanization)
संझा (Devanagari)
ಸಂಝಾ (Kannada)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀁𑀛𑀸 (plural vocative)

Hindustani: sāñjh

Hindi: साँझ

desc

Urdu: سان٘جھ

Urdu: سان٘جھ

Konkani: sāñj

Devanagari script: सांज

Kannada script: ಸಾಂಜ

Latin script: sanz

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: सांज (sāṃja)

Modi script: 𑘭𑘰𑘽𑘕 (sāṃja)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਸੰਝ (sañjh)

Shahmukhi script: سَن٘جھ (saṉjh)

→ Kannada: ಸಂಜೆ (sañje)

Inherited from Sanskrit संध्या (saṃdhyā́); cognate with Pali sañjhā.


सायं

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सायं (sāyaṃ)

pra-head

सायं (sāyaṃ)

pra-adv

सायं (sāyaṃ)


सायं

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सायं (sāyaṃ)

pra-head

सायं (sāyaṃ)

n nominative/accusative singular of साय (sāya)


𑀚𑀸𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जाइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಜಾಇ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀚𑀸𑀇 (jāi) (Devanagari जाइ, Kannada ಜಾಇ) (intransitive)

jāi (romanization)
जाइ (Devanagari)
ಜಾಇ (Kannada)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: जाना (jānā)

Urdu: جانا (jānā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Assamese: যা (za)

Bengali: যাওয়া (jaōẇa)

Sylheti: ꠎꠣꠃꠣ (zaua)

Bihari:

Maithili: जाएब (jāēb)

Odia: ଯିବା (jibā)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

Dhivehi: ދަނީ (danī)

Sinhalese: යනවා (yanawā)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Nepali: जानु (jānu)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਜਾਣਾ (jāṇā)

Shahmukhi script: جانا (jānā)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: जाणे (jāṇe)

Modi script: 𑘕𑘰𑘜𑘹 (jāṇe)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Old Gujarati: जाइ (jāi)

Gujarati: જવું (javũ), જાવું (jāvũ)

Marwari: जावइ (jāvai)

Mewari: जाणो (jāṇo)

Romani: ʒal

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂-
Sanskrit याति॑ (yā́ti)
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀬𑀸𑀢𑀺 (yāti)
Prakrit 𑀚𑀸𑀇 (jāi)Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀬𑀸𑀢𑀺 (yāti), from Sanskrit याति॑ (yā́ti), from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂-. Cognate with Pali yāti.

etymon

𑀧𑀁𑀘-𑀡𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀭-𑀲𑀫𑀸 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑁂 𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀁𑀢𑀺 𑀚𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀤𑀲 𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀸
𑀲𑁄 𑀚𑀇 𑀡 𑀚𑀸𑀇 𑀫𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁 𑀅𑀯𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀯𑁂𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀺𑀑 𑀳𑁄𑀇
paṃca-ṇamŏkkāra-samā aṃte vaccaṃti jassa dasa pāṇā
so jaï ṇa jāi mŏkkhaṃ avassa vemāṇio hoi
If he whose ten vital airs depart at the end, while they have become one with the formula of worship,

c. 1122 – 1123, Devendra, Uttarādhyayana-Vṛtti VI. Nami lines 68-69

does not reach final emancipation, he certainly becomes a Vemāṇiya god.


𑀪𑀸𑀉

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">भाउ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಭಾಉ</i>

𑀪𑀸𑀉 (bhāu) m (Devanagari भाउ, Kannada ಭಾಉ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

bhāu (romanization)
भाउ (Devanagari)
ಭಾಉ (Kannada)
𑀪𑀸𑀆 (nominative singular)
𑀪𑀸𑀅𑀭𑁄 (nominative plural)
𑀪𑀸𑀅𑀭𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀪𑀸𑀅𑀭𑁄 (accusative plural)
𑀪𑀸𑀉𑀡𑀸 (instrumental singular)
𑀪𑀸𑀉𑀡𑁄 (genitive singular)
𑀪𑀸𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀪𑀸𑀅𑀭𑁄 (plural vocative)

Konkani: bhāv

Devanagari script: भाव

Kannada script: ಭಾವ್

Latin script: bhav

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: भाउ (bhāu), भाव (bhāva)

Modi script: 𑘥𑘰𑘄 (bhāu), 𑘥𑘰𑘪 (bhāva)

PIE word
 *bʰréh₂tēr
From Ashokan Prakrit 𑀪𑀸𑀢𑀼 (bhātu), from Sanskrit भ्रातृ (bhrā́tṛ), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰráHtā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰráHtā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr (“brother”). Cognate with Pali bhātar.

𑀅𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁-𑀘 𑀓𑁂𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁄 𑀚𑁂𑀝𑁆𑀞-𑀪𑀸𑀉𑀡𑀸-𑀲𑀳 𑀲𑀁𑀕𑀸𑀫𑁄!
𑀡𑀫𑀺𑀡𑀸 𑀪𑀡𑀺𑀬𑀁 𑀓𑀳𑀁 𑀫𑀫 𑀏𑀲 𑀚𑁂𑀝𑁆𑀞-𑀪𑀸𑀬𑀸?
aṇṇaṃ-ca keriso jĕṭṭha-bhāuṇā-saha saṃgāmo!
ṇamiṇā bhaṇiyaṃ kahaṃ mama esa jĕṭṭha-bhāyā?
And another thing: ʻWhat kind of war is waged with one's elder brother!ʼ

c. 1122 – 1123, Devendra, Uttarādhyayana-Vṛtti VI. Nami lines 245-246

Nami said: ʻHow is he my elder brother?ʼ


𑀮𑀺𑀳𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">लिहइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಲಿಹಇ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀮𑀺𑀳𑀇 (lihaï) (Devanagari लिहइ, Kannada ಲಿಹಇ) (transitive)

lihaï (romanization)
लिहइ (Devanagari)
ಲಿಹಇ (Kannada)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: लहणे (lahaṇe), लिखणे (likhaṇe), लिहणे (lihaṇe), लेहणे (lehaṇe)

Modi script: 𑘩𑘮𑘜𑘹 (lahaṇe), 𑘩𑘲𑘏𑘜𑘹 (līkhaṇe), 𑘩𑘲𑘮𑘜𑘹 (līhaṇe), 𑘩𑘹𑘮𑘜𑘹 (lehaṇe)

From Sanskrit लिखति (likháti), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *rikʰ-á-ti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *rikʰ-á-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *rikh₂-é-ti, from *reyk(ʷ)h₂- (“to scratch”). Cognate with Pali likhati.

𑀚𑀁-𑀚𑀁 𑀧𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀧𑀇𑀆 𑀧𑀺𑀅𑀅𑀫𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀭𑀁 𑀮𑀺𑀳𑀇 𑀮𑁂𑀳𑁂
𑀢𑀁-𑀢𑀁 𑀢𑀮𑁆𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀡𑀺𑀆-𑀡𑀼𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀕𑀮𑀺𑀑 𑀧𑀼𑀲𑀇 𑀲𑁂𑀑
jaṃ-jaṃ paütthapaïā piaamaṇāmakkharaṃ lihaï lehe

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 841

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
Each time she tries to write a letter to her husband on his travels,
the drops of sweat running down her pen blot out the syllables of his dear name.

taṃ-taṃ tallehaṇiā-ṇusāragalio pusaï seo


𑀮𑀺𑀳𑀇

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

Konkani: lễvce

Devanagari script: लेंव्चे

Kannada script: ಲೆಂವ್ಚೆ

Latin script: levnche

From Sanskrit लिहति (liháti), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *lizʰáti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *liȷ́ʰáti, from Proto-Indo-European *liǵʰ-é-ti, from *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”). Cognate with Pali lihati.


𑀤𑀁𑀢

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">दंत</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ದಂತ</i>

𑀤𑀁𑀢 (daṃta) m (Devanagari दंत, Kannada ದಂತ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

daṃta (romanization)
दंत (Devanagari)
ದಂತ (Kannada)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢 (singular vocative)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸 (plural vocative)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: दांत (dāṃta)

Modi script: 𑘟𑘰𑘽𑘝 (dāṃta)

Marathi: दात (dāt)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónt-o-s
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hdántas
Sanskrit दन्त (danta)
Prakrit 𑀤𑀁𑀢 (daṃta)Inherited from Sanskrit दन्त (danta), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hdántas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónt-o-s. Cognate with Pali danta.

etymon

𑀯𑀸𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀅𑀲𑀺𑀘𑀅𑀯𑀺𑀳𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀑𑀭𑀼𑀤𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞𑁂𑀡 𑀤𑀁𑀢-𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀡
𑀯𑀳𑀼𑀫𑀸𑀆 𑀢𑁄𑀲𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 𑀡𑀺𑀳𑀸𑀡𑀓𑀮𑀲𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀯 𑀫𑀼𑀳𑁂𑀡
vāuddhaasicaavihāviorudiṭṭheṇa daṃta-maggeṇa

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 508

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
When the wind tossed up the wife’s skirt, exposing the tooth marks on her thighs,
Her mother was thrilled, as if she had hit upon the lid of a pot of gold.

vahumāā tosijjaï ṇihāṇakalasassa va muheṇa


𑀧𑀼𑀲𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पुसइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಪುಸಇ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀧𑀼𑀲𑀇 (pusaï) (Devanagari पुसइ, Kannada ಪುಸಇ) (transitive)

pusaï (romanization)
पुसइ (Devanagari)
ಪುಸಇ (Kannada)

Sindhi:

Old Marathi:

Modi script: 𑘢𑘳𑘭𑘜𑘹 (pusaṇe)

Devanagari script: पुसणे (pusaṇe)

From Sanskrit प्रोञ्छति (proñchati). Cognate with Pali puñchati.

𑀧𑀼𑀲𑀇 𑀔𑀡𑀁, 𑀥𑀼𑀅𑀇 𑀔𑀡𑀁, 𑀧𑀧𑁆𑀨𑁄𑀟𑀇 𑀢𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀡𑀁 𑀅𑀆𑀡𑀁𑀢𑀻
𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀯𑀳𑀽 𑀣𑀡𑀯𑀝𑁆𑀝𑁂 𑀤𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁 𑀤𑀇𑀏𑀡 𑀡𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀯𑀅𑀁
pusaï khaṇaṃ, dhuaï khaṇaṃ, papphoḍaï takkhaṇaṃ aāṇaṃtī

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 433

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
One moment she tried wiping, the next scrubbing, and after that rubbing.
The young wife was completely at a loss, what to do with the nail mark her husband had left on her breast.

muddhavahū thaṇavaṭṭe diṇṇaṃ daïeṇa ṇakkhavaaṃ


𑀲𑁄𑀠

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सोढ</i>


𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">आइच्च</i>

āicca (romanization)
आइच्च (Devanagari)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘 (singular vocative)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀆𑀇𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit आदित्य (āditya).


𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀼𑀬

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अच्चब्भुय</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಅಚ್ಚಬ್ಭುಯ</i>

𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀼𑀬 (accabbhuya) (Devanagari अच्चब्भुय, Kannada ಅಚ್ಚಬ್ಭುಯ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

accabbhuya (romanization)
अच्चब्भुय (Devanagari)
ಅಚ್ಚಬ್ಭುಯ (Kannada)

Inherited from Sanskrit अत्यद्भुत (atyadbhuta).


𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सप्फ</i>

sappha (romanization)
सप्फ (Devanagari)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

→ Kannada: ಸೊಪ್ಪು (soppu)


𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀤

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उद्द</i>

Hindustani:

Hindi: ऊद (ūd)

Urdu: اود (ūd)

Inherited from Sanskrit उद्र (udrá), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *udrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *udrás (“otter”), from Proto-Indo-European *udrós (“aquatic animal; otter”).

inh

merman, a kind of fish, garment made out of its skin


𑀔𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀟

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">खुड्ड</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">ખુડ્ડ</i>

𑀔𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀟 (khuḍḍa) (Devanagari खुड्ड, Gujarati ખુડ્ડ)

khuḍḍa (romanization)
खुड्ड (Devanagari)
ખુડ્ડ (Gujarati)

Inherited from Sanskrit क्षुद्र (kṣudrá).


𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">उट्ट</i>

uṭṭa (romanization)
उट्ट (Devanagari)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (plural vocative)

Konkani: ओंटे (oṇṭe)

Marathi: उंट (uṇṭa)

Dhivehi: އޮށް (oṣ̊)

masculine: 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝 m (uṭṭa)
 feminine: 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀻 f (uṭṭī)
Inherited from Sanskrit उष्ट्र (úṣṭra). Compare Pali oṭṭha.


𑀚𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀲

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जारिस</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">જારિસ</i>

𑀚𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀲 (jārisa) (Devanagari जारिस, Gujarati જારિસ)

jārisa (romanization)
जारिस (Devanagari)
જારિસ (Gujarati)

Inherited from Sanskrit यादृश (yādṛśa). Cognate with Pali yādisa.


𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">जोव्वण</i>

jŏvvaṇa (romanization)
जोव्वण (Devanagari)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀚𑁄𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Hindi: जोबन (joban)

Inherited from Sanskrit यौवन (yauvaná). Cognate with Pali yobbana.


𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">गंठि</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">ગંઠિ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಗಂಠಿ</i>

𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺 (gaṃṭhi) f or m (Devanagari गंठि, Gujarati ગંઠિ, Kannada ಗಂಠಿ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī, Ardhamāgadhī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, Jain Śaurasenī)

gaṃṭhi (romanization)
गंठि (Devanagari)
ગંઠિ (Gujarati)
ಗಂಠಿ (Kannada)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻 (plural vocative)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺𑀡𑁄 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺𑀡𑁄 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺𑀡𑀸 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺𑀡𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺𑀡𑁄 (genitive singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺𑀡𑁄 (plural vocative)
𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀻 (plural vocative)

Central:

Eastern Hindi:

Chhattisgarhi: गांठ (gā̃ṭh)

Western Hindi:

Old Hindi: गांठि (gā̃ṭhi)

Braj: गांठ (gā̃ṭh)

Bundeli: गांठ (gā̃ṭh), गाँठ (gā̃ṭh)

Hindustani: gā̃ṭh

Hindi: गाँठ

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Urdu: گَان٘ٹْھ

Urdu: گَان٘ٹْھ

Eastern:

Assamese: গাঁঠি (gãthi)

Middle Bengali: গাঁটি (gãṭi), গাঁঠি (gãṭhi)

Bengali: গাঁট (gãṭ)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: gā̃ṭh

Kaithi script: 𑂏𑂰𑂀𑂘

Devanagari script: गाँठ

Magahi: 𑂏𑂵𑂀𑂘 (gẽṭh)

Maithili: gā̃ṭh

Devanagari script: गाँठ

Tirhuta script: 𑒑𑒰𑒿𑒚

Odia: ଗଣ୍ଠି (gaṇṭhi), ଗଏଁଠ୍ (gaẽṭh)

Northern:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: गाँठ (gā̃ṭh), गाँठि (gā̃ṭhi), ग्यऽड़

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: गानु (gānu), गानो (gāno)

Western Pahari:

Dogri: gaṇḍh

Devanagari script: गंढ

Dogra script: 𑠌𑠷𑠗

Northwestern:

Old Punjabi: ਗੰਠਿ (gaṇṭhi), ਗੰਢਿ (gaṇḍhi), ਗਾਠਿ (gāṭhi)

Punjabi: gaṇḍh

Gurmukhi script: ਗੰਢ

Shahmukhi script: گَنڈھ

Saraiki:

Devanagari script: गंढ (gaṇḍh), गन्ह (ganha), ॻंढ, ॻंढा

Multani script: 𑊆𑊕𑊔 (gṇḍh), 𑊆𑊚𑊦 (gnh)

Shahmukhi script: گَڈّْھ (gaḍḍh), گَنھہ (ganhh), ڳَنْڈھ (g̈anḍh), ڳَنْڈھا (g̈anḍhā)

Sindhi: g̈aṇḍhi

Arabic script: ڳَنڍِ

Devanagari script: ॻंढि

Khudabadi script: 𑊽𑋟𑋋𑋡

Southern:

Insular:

Dhivehi: ގޮށް (goṣ̊)

Sinhalese: ගැටය (gæṭaya)

Marathi-Konkani:

Konkani:

Devanagari script: गांठ

Latin script: gantth

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: गांटी (gāṃṭī), गाठि (gāṭhi), गांठि (gāṃṭhi), गांठी (gāṃṭhī)

Modi script: 𑘐𑘰𑘽𑘘𑘲 (gāṃṭī), 𑘐𑘰𑘙𑘲 (gāṭhī), 𑘐𑘰𑘽𑘙𑘲 (gāṃṭhī)

Western:

Ahirani: गाट (gāṭ)

Gojri: گَٹْھ (gaṭh)

Gujarati: ગાંઠ (gā̃ṭh)

Malvi: गाँठ (gā̃ṭh)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: गांठ (gā̃ṭh)

Mahajani script: 𑅗𑅧𑅟 (gnṭh)

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀕𑁆𑀭𑀦𑁆𑀣𑀺 (granthí). Cognate with Pali gaṇṭhi.

inh+

𑀚𑀸𑀑 𑀲𑁄-𑀯𑀺 𑀯𑀺𑀮𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁄, 𑀫𑀏-𑀯𑀺 𑀳𑀲𑀺𑀊𑀡 𑀕𑀸𑀠𑀁 𑀉𑀯𑀊𑀠𑁄
𑀧𑀠𑀫𑁄𑀲𑀭𑀺𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀡𑀺𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀕𑀁𑀞𑀺𑀁 𑀯𑀺𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁𑀢𑁄
jāo so-vi vilakkho, mae-vi hasiūṇa gāḍhaṃ uvaūḍho

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 351

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
He was embarrassed, but I laughed and gave him a hug
When he groped for the knot of my skirt and found it already undone.

paḍhamosariassa ṇiaṃsaṇassa gaṃṭhiṃ vimaggaṃto


𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀤

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">ण्हाद</i>

𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀅 𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀅#Prakrit

Sauraseni variant of 𑀡𑁆𑀳𑀸𑀅 (ṇhāa, “bathed, washed”)