𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णच्चइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಣಚ್ಚಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇 (ṇaccaï) (Devanagari णच्चइ, Kannada ಣಚ್ಚಇ) (intransitive)

ṇaccaï (romanization)
णच्चइ (Devanagari)
ಣಚ್ಚಇ (Kannada)

Assamese: নাচা (nasa)

Old Bengali: নাচা (nācā)

Middle Bengali: নাচা (naca)

Bengali: নাচা (naca)

Sylheti: ꠘꠣꠌꠣ (nasa)

Dogri: naccnā

Devanagari script: नच्चना

Dogra script: 𑠝𑠏𑠹𑠏𑠝𑠬

Kachchi: નચણુ (nacṇu)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: नाच़्चे

Kannada script: ನಾಚ಼್ಚೆ

Latin script: nachche

Maithili: nācab

Devanagari script: नाचब

Tirhuta script: 𑒢𑒰𑒔𑒥

Old Marathi: nācaṇe

Devanagari script: नाचणे

Modi script: 𑘡𑘰𑘓𑘜𑘹

Nepali: नाच्नु (nācnu)

Odia: ନାଚିବା (nācibā)

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Old Punjabi: ਨਚਿ (naci /nacci/), ਨਾਚਿ (nāci)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਨੱਚਣਾ (naccaṇā)

Shahmukhi script: نَچّنا (naccnā)

Saraiki:

Devanagari script: नचण (nacaṇ)

Multani script: 𑊚𑊊𑊕 (ncṇ)

Shahmukhi script: نَچَݨ (nacaṇ)

Sindhi: nacaṇu

Arabic script: نَچَڻُ

Devanagari script: नचणु

Khudabadi script: 𑋑𑋀𑋌𑋣

Etymology tree
Sanskrit नृत्यति (nṛtyati)
Prakrit 𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇 (ṇaccaï)Inherited from Sanskrit नृत्यति (nṛtyati). Cognate with Pali naccati.

etymon

𑀚𑀳-𑀚𑀳 𑀯𑀸𑀏𑀇 𑀧𑀺𑀑 𑀢𑀳-𑀢𑀳 𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸𑀫𑀺 𑀘𑀁𑀘𑀮𑁂 𑀧𑁂𑀫𑁆𑀫𑁂
𑀯𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀻 𑀯𑀮𑁂𑀇 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀁 𑀲𑀳𑀸𑀯𑀣𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂-𑀯𑀺 𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁𑀫𑀺
jaha-jaha vāei pio taha-taha ṇaccāmi caṃcale pĕmme

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 38

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
Since love is fickle, I dance to my lover’s tune.
A creeper twines itself around the unbending tree.

vallī valei aṃgaṃ sahāvathaddhe-vi rukkhaṃmi

𑀆𑀭𑀽𑀠𑀸 𑀪𑀸𑀲𑀁𑀢𑁂 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀲𑀺 𑀓𑀺𑀁 𑀦𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀺𑀉𑀁 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑀁 𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽
𑀪𑀡𑀺𑀬𑀁 𑀢𑁂𑀡-𑀯𑀺 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀺 𑀤𑁄-𑀯𑀺 𑀯𑀸𑀏𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀳-𑀬 𑀢𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀛𑁂
ārūḍhā bhāsaṃte jāṇasi kiṃ nacciuṃ tumaṃ sāhū

c. 700 CE, Anonymous, Maṇipati-Carita 863

1959 translation by Robert Hamilton Blair Williams
As they went up they said: 'Do you know how to dance, sadhu?'
He replied: 'I do, you both play for me.’

bhaṇiyaṃ teṇa-vi jāṇāmi do-vi vāĕjjaha-ya tujjhe


𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">कप्पड</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಕಪ್ಪಡ</i>

𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟 (kappaḍa) m (Devanagari कप्पड, Kannada ಕಪ್ಪಡ)

kappaḍa (romanization)
कप्पड (Devanagari)
ಕಪ್ಪಡ (Kannada)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: कपड़ा (kapṛā)

Urdu: کَپْڑا (kapṛā)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Early Assamese: কাপোড় (kapöṛo)

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Assamese: কাপোৰ (kapür), কাপৰ (kapor), কাপুৰ (kapur) — Kamrupi

Bengali: কাপড় (kapoṛ)

Chakma: 𑄇𑄝𑄧𑄢𑄴 (kābar)

Odia: କାଁପଡ଼ା (kā̃paṛā)

Odia: କାଁପଡ଼ା (kā̃paṛā)

Sylheti: ꠇꠣꠙꠠ (xafoṛo), ꠇꠣꠙꠞ (xafor)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Kachchi: કપડ઼ો (kapṛo)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਕੱਪੜਾ (kappaṛā)

Shahmukhi script: کَپّڑا (kappṛā)

Sindhi:

Arabic script: ڪَپَڙُ (kapaṛu)

Devanagari script: कपड़ु (kapaṛu)

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani:

Devanagari script: कपडो (kapḍo)

Latin script: kopddo

Kannada script: ಕಪ್ಡೊ (kapḍo)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: कापड (kāpaḍa)

Modi script: 𑘎𑘰𑘢𑘚 (kāpaḍa)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: કપડું (kapḍũ), કપડ (kapaḍ), કાપડ (kāpaḍ)

Marwari: कपड़ो (kapṛo)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit कद्- (kad-)?
Proto-Indo-European *pel-der.?
Sanskrit पट (paṭa)?
Sanskrit कर्पट (karpaṭa)
Prakrit 𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟 (kappaḍa)
Inherited from Sanskrit कर्पट (karpaṭa).


𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">चम्म</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">ચમ્મ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಚಮ್ಮ</i>

𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫 (camma) n (Devanagari चम्म, Gujarati ચમ્મ, Kannada ಚಮ್ಮ)

camma (romanization)
चम्म (Devanagari)
ચમ્મ (Gujarati)
ಚಮ್ಮ (Kannada)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫 (singular vocative)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Assamese: চাম (sam)

Bagheli: चाम (cām)

Bengali: চাম (cam)

Chakma: 𑄌𑄟𑄴 (cām)

Chhattisgarhi: चाम (cām)

Dhivehi: ހަން (han̊)

Gojri: چَم (cam)

Gujarati: ચામ (cām)

Old Hindi: चांब (cā̃b), चांम (cā̃m)

Hindustani: cām

Hindi: चाम

Urdu: چَام (cām)

Magahi: 𑂒𑂰𑂧 (cām)

Malvi: चाम (cām)

Old Marathi: cāma

Devanagari script: चाम

Modi script: 𑘓𑘰𑘦

Maithili: cām

Devanagari script: चाम

Tirhuta script: 𑒔𑒰𑒧

Marwari:

Devanagari script: चाब (cāb), चांम (cā̃m)

Mahajani script: 𑅙𑅪 (cb), 𑅙𑅧𑅬 (cnm)

Nepali: चाम (cām)

Odia: ଚମ (cama)

Old Punjabi: ਚੰਮੁ (cammu)

Punjabi: camm

Gurmukhi script: ਚੰਮ

Shahmukhi script: چَمّ

Saraiki: چَم (cam)

Sindhi: camu

Arabic script: چَمُ

Devanagari script: चमु

Khudabadi script: 𑋀𑋗𑋣

Sinhalese: සම (sama), හම (hama)

Old Punjabi: ਚਮੜੀPunjabi: camṛīGurmukhi script: ਚਮੜੀShahmukhi script: چَمْڑِی

𑀅𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 𑀧𑀳𑀺𑀅! 𑀧𑀼𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀲𑀼 𑀯𑀸𑀳𑀅-𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑀲𑀼 𑀧𑀼𑀲𑀺𑀅-𑀘𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀸𑀇𑀁
𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀁 𑀯𑀸𑀳-𑀚𑀼𑀆𑀡𑁄 𑀳𑀸𑀭𑀺𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 𑀥𑀡𑀼𑀁 𑀡 𑀡𑀸𑀫𑁂𑀇
aṇṇesu pahia! pucchasu vāhaa-puttesu pusia-cammāiṃ

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 631

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
Trader, for hides of the spotted deer, you’ll have to go elsewhere
Our young hunter no longer bends his bow to shoot deer.

amhaṃ vāha-juāṇo hāriṇesu dhaṇuṃ ṇa ṇāmei


𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">खग्ग</i>

khagga (romanization)
खग्ग (Devanagari)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕 (singular vocative)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀔𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀸 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit खड्ग (khaḍgá). Cognate with Pali khagga.


𑀥𑀻𑀯𑀭

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">धीवर</i>

dhīvara (romanization)
धीवर (Devanagari)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: ढीवर (ḍhīvara), ढींवर (ḍhīṃvara)

desctree

Modi script: 𑘛𑘲𑘪𑘨 (ḍhīvara), 𑘛𑘲𑘽𑘪𑘨 (ḍhīṃvara)
Marathi: ढिवर (ḍhivar), ढीवर (ḍhīvar)


𑀓𑀼𑀁𑀪𑀆𑀭

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">कुंभआर</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">કુંભઆર</i>

𑀓𑀼𑀁𑀪𑀆𑀭 (kuṃbhaāra) m (Devanagari कुंभआर, Gujarati કુંભઆર)

kuṃbhaāra (romanization)
कुंभआर (Devanagari)
કુંભઆર (Gujarati)

Ahirani: कुम्हार (kumhār)

Assamese: কুমাৰ (kumar)

Awadhi: कोहाँर (kohā̃r)

Middle Bengali: কুম্ভার (kumbhar)

Bengali: কুমার (kumar)

Dhivehi: ކުމޭރު (kumēru)

Dogri: kamhair

Devanagari script: कम्हैर

Dogra script: 𑠊𑠯𑠢𑠹𑠪𑠴𑠤

Gojri: کُمہار (kumhār)

Gujarati: કુંભાર (kumbhār)

Hindustani: kumhār

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Hindi: कुम्हार

Hindi: कुम्हार

Urdu: کُمھار

Urdu: کُمھار

Old Marathi: kuṃbhāra

Devanagari script: कुंभार

desctree

Modi script: 𑘎𑘳𑘽𑘥𑘰𑘨, 𑘎𑘳𑘦𑘿𑘮𑘰𑘨 (kumhāra)
Marathi: kumbhār
Devanagari script: कुंभार
Modi script: 𑘎𑘳𑘽𑘥𑘰𑘨
Varhadi: kumbhār
Devanagari script: कुंभार
Modi script: 𑘎𑘳𑘽𑘥𑘰𑘨
→ Old Kannada: ಕುಂಬಾಱ (kumbāṟa)
Kannada: ಕುಂಬಾರ (kumbāra)
→ Telugu: కుమ్మర (kummara)
→ Tulu: ಕುಂಬಾರ (kumbāra)

Odia: କୁମ୍ଭାର (kumbhāra)

Old Punjabi: ਕੁਮ੍ਹ੍ਹਿਆਰੁ (kumhiāru)
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਕੁਮ੍ਹਿਆਰ (kumhiāra), ਘੁਮਿਆਰ (ghumiāra)
Shahmukhi script: کُمْہِیَار

Saraiki:

Shahmukhi script: کُمبھار (kumbhār)

Devanagari script: कुंभार (kumbhār)

Multani script: 𑊄𑊟𑊢 (kbhr)

Sindhi: kumbharu, kumbhāru

Arabic script: ڪُنَڀرُ, ڪُنڀارُ

Devanagari script: कुंभरु, कुंभारु

Khudabadi script: 𑊺𑋣𑋟𑋖𑋙𑋣, 𑊺𑋣𑋟𑋖𑋠𑋙𑋣

Sinhalese: කුඹලා (kuᵐbalā)

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀓𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀪𑀓𑀸𑀭 (kumbhakāra). By surface analysis, 𑀓𑀼𑀁𑀪 (kuṃbha) + -𑀆𑀭 (-āra).

surf

𑀦𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅𑀭𑁄 𑀦𑀺𑀲𑀺𑀅𑀭𑁄𑁇 𑀭𑀬𑀡𑀻𑀅𑀭𑁄𑁇 𑀫𑀡𑀼𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁𑁇 𑀩𑀳𑀼𑀮𑀸𑀥𑀺𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀢𑁆 𑀓𑁆𑀯𑀘𑀺𑀤𑁆 𑀯𑀺𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀧𑀂𑁇 𑀓𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀪-𑀆𑀭𑁄 𑀓𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀪𑀸𑀭𑁄𑁇 𑀲𑀼-𑀉𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁄𑀈 𑀲𑀽𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁄𑁇 𑀓𑁆𑀯𑀘𑀺𑀢𑁆 𑀲𑀦𑁆𑀥𑀺𑀭𑁂𑀯𑁇 𑀲𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀡𑁄𑁇 𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀸𑀑𑁇

c. 1088 – 1173, Hemachandra, Siddha-Hema-Śabdanuśāśana Chapter 8 1, 8

nisāaro nisiaro. rayaṇīaro. maṇuattaṃ. bahulādhikārāt kvacid vikalpaḥ. kumbha-āro kumbhāro. su-urisoī sūriso. kvacit sandhireva. sālāhaṇo. cakkāo.


𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">मणिआर</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಮಣಿಆರ</i>

𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭 (maṇiāra) m (Devanagari मणिआर, Kannada ಮಣಿಆರ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

maṇiāra (romanization)
मणिआर (Devanagari)
ಮಣಿಆರ (Kannada)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭𑀸 (plural vocative)

Gujarati: મણિયાર (maṇiyār)

Hindustani: maniyār, manihār

Hindi: मनियार (adjective), मनिहार

Urdu: مَنِیَار (maniyār, adjective), مَنِہَار (manihār)

Malvi: मणेर (maṇer), मण्यार (maṇyār)

Old Marathi: maṇiyāra

Devanagari script: मणियार

Modi script: 𑘦𑘜𑘲𑘧𑘰𑘨

Old Punjabi: ਮਨੀਆਰੁ (manīāru)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮਨਿਆਰ (maniāra), ਮੁਨਿਆਰ (muniāra)

Shahmukhi script: مَنیَار (manyār), مُنیَار (munyār)

Sindhi: مَڻِيارُ (maṇiyāru, adjective)

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀓𑀸𑀭 (maṇikāra). By surface analysis, 𑀫𑀡𑀺 (maṇi) + -𑀆𑀭 (-āra). Cognate with Pali maṇikāra.

surf

𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀡 𑀏𑀕𑁂𑀡𑀁 𑀯𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂𑀡𑀁 𑀦𑀺𑀬-𑀲𑀼𑀬𑀸𑀡 𑀤𑀯𑀺𑀡-𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀁
𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀺𑀬-𑀦𑀺𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 𑀩𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀻𑀏 𑀲𑀁𑀥𑀺𑀑 𑀳𑀸𑀭𑁄
maṇiyāreṇa egeṇaṃ vuddheṇaṃ niya-suyāṇa daviṇa-atthaṃ

c. 700 CE, Haribhadra, Maṇipati-Carita 187

1959 translation by Robert Hamilton Blair Williams
One aged jeweller, being weary of life,
skilfully repaired the necklace in order to provide wealth for his sons.

𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭-𑀖𑀭𑁄𑀮𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 𑀯𑁂𑀟𑀺𑀅𑀯𑁂𑀲𑀁𑀪𑀭𑀸𑀑-𑀅𑁇
𑀯𑁂𑀮𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀅𑀁 𑀯𑁂𑀭𑀼𑀮𑀺𑀏 𑀯𑁂𑀅𑀟𑀺𑀅𑀁 𑀢𑀳-𑀬 𑀧𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁂𑁈
maṇiāra-gharolīsuṃ veḍiavesaṃbharāo-a.

c. 1088 – 1173, Hemachandra, Deśināmamālā 7.77

veluliaṃ verulie veaḍiaṃ taha-ya paccutte.

مݩیاری

Prakrit: *𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭-𑀇𑀆 ~ *𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭-𑀇𑀕𑀸 (*maṇiāra-iā ~ *maṇiāra-igā)

मणियारौ

Prakrit: *𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭-𑀅 ~ *𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭-𑀕 (*maṇiāra-a ~ *maṇiāra-ga)


𑀡𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णट्टइ</i>

pra-head

𑀡𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇 (ṇaṭṭaï) (Devanagari णट्टइ) (intransitive)

ṇaṭṭaï (romanization)
णट्टइ (Devanagari)

Dhivehi: ނަށަނީ (naṣanī)

Sinhalese: නටනවා (naṭanawā)

𑀰𑀓𑀸𑀤𑀻𑀦𑀸𑀁 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀯𑀫𑁆 𑁈𑁨𑁩𑁦𑁈
𑀰𑀓𑀸𑀤𑀻𑀦𑀸𑀫𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀲𑁆𑀬 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀯𑀁 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺𑁇 𑀰𑀓𑁆 𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇𑁇 𑀚𑀺𑀫𑁆 𑀚𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀇𑁇 𑀮𑀕𑁆 𑀮𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀇𑁇 𑀫𑀕𑁆 𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀇𑁇 𑀓𑀼𑀧𑁆 𑀓𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀇𑁇 𑀦𑀰𑁆 𑀦𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀇𑁇 𑀅𑀝𑁆 𑀧𑀭𑀺𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇𑁇 𑀮𑀼𑀝𑁆 𑀧𑀮𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇𑁇 𑀢𑀼𑀝𑁆 𑀢𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇𑁇 𑀦𑀝𑁆 𑀦𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇𑁇 𑀲𑀺𑀯𑁆 𑀲𑀺𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀇𑁇 𑀇𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀤𑀺𑁇
śakādīnāṃ dvitvam .230.

c. 1088 – 1173, Hemachandra, Siddha-Hema-Śabdanuśāśana Chapter 8 4, 230

śakādīnāmantyasya dvitvaṃ bhavati. śak sakkaï. jim jimmaï. lag laggaï. mag maggaï. kup kuppaï. naś nassaï. aṭ pariaṭṭaï. luṭ palŏṭṭaï. tuṭ tuṭṭaï. naṭ naṭṭaï. siv sivvaï. ityādi.

𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇 𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇#Prakrit

Ardhamagadhi variant of 𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇 (ṇaccaï, “to dance”)


𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">तंबोलिअ</i>

𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀅 (taṃbolia) m (Devanagari तंबोलिअ)

taṃbolia (romanization)
तंबोलिअ (Devanagari)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀑 (nominative singular)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀆 (nominative plural)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀅𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀏 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀆 (accusative plural)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀏𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀏𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀏𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀏𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀆𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀆𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀆𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀆 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀆𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀆𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀆𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀆𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀏𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀏𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀅 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀆 (singular vocative)
𑀢𑀁𑀩𑁄𑀮𑀺𑀆 (plural vocative)

Central:

Eastern Hindi:

Bagheli: तमोली (tamolī)

Chhattisgarhi: तमोली (tamolī)

Western Hindi:

Braj: तमोरी (tamorī), तमोली (tamolī)

Bundeli: तमोली (tamolī)

Hindustani:

desc

Hindi: तँबोली (tambolī), तमोली (tamolī), तंबोली (tambolī)

Urdu: تنْبولِی (tnbolī), تَمْبولِی (tambolī), تَمولِی (tamolī)

Eastern:

Assamese: তামুলী (tamuli), তামূলী (tamuli)

Middle Bengali: তামুলী (tamuli), তাম্বুলিনী (tambulini), তাম্বুলিযা (tambulija)

Bengali: তামলি (tamoli)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: tamolī

Devanagari script: तमोली

Kaithi script: 𑂞𑂧𑂷𑂪𑂲

Maithili: tamōri, tamōlī

Devanagari script: तमोरि, तमोली

Tirhuta script: 𑒞𑒧𑒼𑒩𑒱, 𑒞𑒧𑒼𑒪𑒲

Odia: ତାମଳି (tāmaḷi)

Northern:

Central Pahari:

Nepali: तमोली (tamolī)

Northwestern:

Old Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਤੰਬੋਲੀ (tambolī)

desctree

Shahmukhi script: تَنْبولِی (tanbolī)
Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਤੰਬੋਲੀ (tambolī)
Shahmukhi script: تَن٘بولی (taṉbolī)

Southern:

Old Marathi: tāṃboḷī

Devanagari script: तांबोळी

Modi script: 𑘝𑘰𑘽𑘤𑘻𑘯𑘲

Western:

Gujarati: તંબોળી (tamboḷī)

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀢𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀩𑀽𑀮𑀺𑀓 (tāmbūlika).


𑀆𑀬𑀭𑀺𑀬

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">आयरिय</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">આયરિય</i>

𑀆𑀬𑀭𑀺𑀬 (āyariya) m (Devanagari आयरिय, Gujarati આયરિય)

āyariya (romanization)
आयरिय (Devanagari)
આયરિય (Gujarati)

Inherited from Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya).

𑀡𑀫𑁄 𑀅𑀭𑀺𑀳𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆
𑀡𑀫𑁄 𑀲𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆
𑀡𑀫𑁄 𑀆𑀬𑀭𑀺𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆
𑀡𑀫𑁄 𑀉𑀯𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆
𑀡𑀫𑁄 𑀮𑁄𑀏 𑀲𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽𑀡𑀫𑁆
ṇamo arihantāṇam
ṇamo siddhāṇam
ṇamo āyariyāṇam
ṇamo uvajjhāyāṇam
ṇamo loe savvasāhūṇam
I bow to the Arihants,
I bow to the Siddhas,
I bow to the Acharyas,


𑀅𑀚𑀺𑀡

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">अजिण</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">અજિણ</i>

𑀅𑀚𑀺𑀡 (ajiṇa) n (Devanagari अजिण, Gujarati અજિણ)

ajiṇa (romanization)
अजिण (Devanagari)
અજિણ (Gujarati)

Jaunsari: एण (eṇ), ऐण (aiṇ)

Kotgarhi: एण (eṇ, “flying fox”)

Inherited from Sanskrit अजिन (ajína, “antelope skin”).

inh+

the hide of an antelope or any such animal


𑀲𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सण</i>

Central:

Hindustani: san, sanī

Hindi: सन, सनी

desc

Urdu: سَن, سَنِی

Urdu: سَن, سَنِی

Eastern:

Assamese: শণ (xon)

Bengali: শণ (śon)

Bihari: सन (san)

Maithili: सन (san)

Odia: ସଣ (saṇa), ଛଣ (chaṇa)

Northern:

Kumaoni: सण् (saṇ)

Nepali: सन् (san)

Northwestern:

Punjabi: saṇ

Gurmukhi script: ਸਣ

Shahmukhi script: سن

Sindhi: siṇī

Arabic script: سِڻِي

Devanagari script: सिणी

Southern:

Marathi: सण (saṇ)

Sinhalese: සන (sana), හණ (haṇa)

Western:

Gujarati: સણ (saṇ)


𑀩𑀸𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">बाण</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಬಾಣ</i>

𑀩𑀸𑀡 (bāṇa) m (Devanagari बाण, Kannada ಬಾಣ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

bāṇa (romanization)
बाण (Devanagari)
ಬಾಣ (Kannada)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀩𑀸𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀩𑀸𑀡𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Awadhi: बान (bān)

Hindi: बान (bān)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: બાણ (bāṇ)

Inherited from Sanskrit बाण (bāṇa). Cognate with Pali bāṇa.


𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">इट्टा</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">ઇટ્ટા</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಇಟ್ಟಾ</i>

𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (iṭṭā) f (Devanagari इट्टा, Gujarati ઇટ્ટા, Kannada ಇಟ್ಟಾ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī, Ardhamāgadhī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī)

iṭṭā (romanization)
इट्टा (Devanagari)
ઇટ્ટા (Gujarati)
ಇಟ್ಟಾ (Kannada)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Braj: ईट (īṭ), ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Old Hindi: ईंट (īṃṭa)

Bundeli: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Haryanvi: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Kannauji: ईंट

Middle Hindi: اینٹ (aynṭ /ī̃ṭ/)

Hindustani: ī̃ṭ

Hindi: ईंट

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Urdu: اِین٘ٹ

Urdu: اِین٘ٹ

→? Dhivehi: އީޓު (īṭu)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Chakma: 𑄄𑄑𑄴 (iṭ), 𑄃𑄨𑄑𑄴 (iṭ)

desctree

Middle Bengali: ইটা (iṭa), ঈটা (iṭa)
Bengali: ইট (iṭ)

Magahi:

Devanagari script: ईंट (īṇṭ)

Kaithi script: 𑂆𑂁𑂗 (īṇṭ)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

>? Sinhalese: උළු (uḷu)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Kumaoni: ईंट

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: इँट (ĩṭ)

Western Pahari:

Dogri: iṭṭ

Devanagari script: इट्ट

Dogra script: 𑠂𑠔𑠹𑠔

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabic:

Old Punjabi: ਇਟ (iṭa /iṭṭa/)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਇੱਟ (iṭṭa)

Shahmukhi script: اِٹّ (īṭṭ)

Saraiki:

Devanagari script: इट (iṭ)

Multani script: 𑊁𑊐 (iṭ)

Shahmukhi script: اِٹ (īṭ)

Sindhi:

Kachchi: iṭ

Gujarati script: ઇટ

Khudabadi script: 𑊲𑋆

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani:

Devanagari script: वीट (vīṭ)

Latin script: vitt

Kannada script: ವೀಟ್ (vīṭ)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: इट (iṭa)

Modi script: 𑘃𑘘 (īṭa)
Marathi: vīṭ
Devanagari script: वीट
Modi script: 𑘪𑘲𑘘
Varhadi: īṭ
Devanagari script: ईट
Modi script: 𑘃𑘘
→? Dhivehi: އީޓު (īṭu)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujaratic:

Middle Gujarati: ईट
Gujarati: ઈંટ (ī̃ṭ)
→? Dhivehi: އީޓު (īṭu)

Rajasthani:

Ahirani: इट (iṭ)

Dhundhari: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Gojri: اِٹ (iṭ)

Malvi: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Mahajani script: 𑅑𑅧𑅞 (inṭ /ī̃ṭ/)

Mewati: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Mewari: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit इष्टा (iṣṭā)
Prakrit 𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (iṭṭā)
Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀇𑀱𑁆𑀝𑀸 (iṣṭā), related to 𑀇𑀱𑁆𑀝𑀓𑀸 (íṣṭakā, “brick”).

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “íṣṭakā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 72: “Pk. iṭṭagā-, iṭṭā- f.”

𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸-𑀘𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁-𑀯 𑀓𑀺𑀭𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀫𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀅𑀯𑀁 𑀧𑀭𑀺𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀼𑀭𑀇 .
𑀭𑀯𑀺𑀡𑁄 𑀕𑀅𑀡𑀸𑀲𑀺-𑀡𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀡-𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀓-𑀯𑀮𑀑𑀯𑀁 𑀩𑀺𑀁𑀩𑀁 𑁈𑁧𑁧𑁮𑁨𑁈
iṭṭā-cuṇṇaṃ-va kirantamuddhamuruṇāvaavaṃ paripphuraï .
raviṇo gaaṇāsi-ṇisāṇa-cakka-valaovaṃ biṃbaṃ .1182.

c. 8th century CE, Vākpati-rāja, Gauḍavadha 1182

1182. The sun is figuratively imagined to the whetting wheel of the bluish sword in the form of the blue sky.
As the sword is held over the rotating sharpening wheel, fire-sparks, which are no other than the powdered particles of the wheel made of brick-clay, shoot and spread about.
This is the red-lustered dawn emerging and the wheel is the sun’s orb.


𑀓𑀭𑀯𑀸𑀮

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">करवाल</i>

karavāla (romanization)
करवाल (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Awadhi: करवार (karvār)

Braj: करवार (karvār)

Hindustani:

Hindi: करवाल (karvāl), करवार (karvār)

desc

Urdu: کَرْوَال (karvāl), کَرْوَار (karvār)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: करुआर (karuār, “oar”)

Maithili: करुआर (karuār)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujarati: (or borrowed from Hindi) કરવાલ (karvāl)

Etymology tree
Proto-Dravidian *kay?
Proto-Dravidian *wāḷ?
Sanskrit करवाल (karavāla)
Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑀯𑀸𑀮 (karavāla)
Inherited from Sanskrit करवाल (karavāla, “sword”); see there for more.


𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">सुवण्णआर</i>

𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭 (suvaṇṇaāra) m (Devanagari सुवण्णआर)

suvaṇṇaāra (romanization)
सुवण्णआर (Devanagari)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭𑀸 (plural vocative)

desctree

Apabhramsa: 𑆱𑆶𑆤𑇀𑆤𑆳𑆫 (sunnāra)
Central:
Hindustani: sunār
Hindi: सुनार
Urdu: سُنار

Central:

Hindustani: sonār

Hindi: सोनार

Urdu: سونار

Western:

Gujarati: સોનાર (sonār)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁wes-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁wésus?
Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-?
Proto-Indo-European *h₁su-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsu-
Sanskrit सु- (su-)
Proto-Indo-Iranian *wárnas
Sanskrit वर्ण (varṇa)
Sanskrit सुवर्ण (suvarṇa)
Proto-Indo-European *kʷer-der.
Sanskrit -कार (-kāra)
Sanskrit सुवर्णकार (suvarṇakāra)
Prakrit 𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀆𑀭 (suvaṇṇaāra)
Inherited from Sanskrit सुवर्णकार (suvarṇakāra). Cognate with Pali suvaṇṇakāra. By surface analysis, 𑀲𑀼𑀯𑀡𑁆𑀡 (suvaṇṇa) + -𑀆𑀭 (-āra).


𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">महामत्त</i>

𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢 (mahāmatta) m (Devanagari महामत्त)

mahāmatta (romanization)
महामत्त (Devanagari)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Hindustani:

Hindi: महावत (mahāvat)

Urdu: مَہَاوَت (mahāvat)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Bengali–Assamese:

Bengali: মাহুত (mahut)

Early Assamese: মাহুত (mahuto)

Assamese: মাউত (maut)

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਮਹੌਤ (mahaut)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂s
Proto-Indo-Iranian *maȷ́ʰā́
Sanskrit महत् (mahat)
Proto-Indo-European *meh₁-der.
Sanskrit मात्रा (mātrā)
Ashokan Prakrit 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀢 (mahāmāta)
Prakrit 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀫𑀢𑁆𑀢 (mahāmatta)Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀢 (mahāmāta), from Sanskrit महत् (mahat) + मात्रा (mātrā).


𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">दंतार</i>

daṃtāra (romanization)
दंतार (Devanagari)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭 (singular vocative)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀤𑀁𑀢𑀸𑀭𑀸 (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sanskrit दन्तकार (dantakāra). Cognate with Pali dantakāra.