𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णच्चइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಣಚ್ಚಇ</i>

pra-head

𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇 (ṇaccaï) (Devanagari णच्चइ, Kannada ಣಚ್ಚಇ) (intransitive)

ṇaccaï (romanization)
णच्चइ (Devanagari)
ಣಚ್ಚಇ (Kannada)

Assamese: নাচা (nasa)

Old Bengali: নাচা (nācā)

Middle Bengali: নাচা (naca)

Bengali: নাচা (naca)

Sylheti: ꠘꠣꠌꠣ (nasa)

Dogri: naccnā

Devanagari script: नच्चना

Dogra script: 𑠝𑠏𑠹𑠏𑠝𑠬

Kachchi: નચણુ (nacṇu)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: नाच़्चे

Kannada script: ನಾಚ಼್ಚೆ

Latin script: nachche

Maithili: nācab

Devanagari script: नाचब

Tirhuta script: 𑒢𑒰𑒔𑒥

Old Marathi: nācaṇe

Devanagari script: नाचणे

Modi script: 𑘡𑘰𑘓𑘜𑘹

Nepali: नाच्नु (nācnu)

Odia: ନାଚିବା (nācibā)

desc

Old Punjabi: ਨਚਿ (naci /nacci/), ਨਾਚਿ (nāci)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਨੱਚਣਾ (naccaṇā)

Shahmukhi script: نَچّنا (naccnā)

Saraiki:

Devanagari script: नचण (nacaṇ)

Multani script: 𑊚𑊊𑊕 (ncṇ)

Shahmukhi script: نَچَݨ (nacaṇ)

Sindhi: nacaṇu

Arabic script: نَچَڻُ

Devanagari script: नचणु

Khudabadi script: 𑋑𑋀𑋌𑋣

Etymology tree
Sanskrit नृत्यति (nṛtyati)
Prakrit 𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇 (ṇaccaï)Inherited from Sanskrit नृत्यति (nṛtyati). Cognate with Pali naccati.

etymon

𑀚𑀳-𑀚𑀳 𑀯𑀸𑀏𑀇 𑀧𑀺𑀑 𑀢𑀳-𑀢𑀳 𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀸𑀫𑀺 𑀘𑀁𑀘𑀮𑁂 𑀧𑁂𑀫𑁆𑀫𑁂
𑀯𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀻 𑀯𑀮𑁂𑀇 𑀅𑀁𑀕𑀁 𑀲𑀳𑀸𑀯𑀣𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁂-𑀯𑀺 𑀭𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀁𑀫𑀺
jaha-jaha vāei pio taha-taha ṇaccāmi caṃcale pĕmme

c. 200 CE – 600 CE, Hāla, Gāhā Sattasaī 38

2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
Since love is fickle, I dance to my lover’s tune.
A creeper twines itself around the unbending tree.

vallī valei aṃgaṃ sahāvathaddhe-vi rukkhaṃmi

𑀆𑀭𑀽𑀠𑀸 𑀪𑀸𑀲𑀁𑀢𑁂 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀲𑀺 𑀓𑀺𑀁 𑀦𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀺𑀉𑀁 𑀢𑀼𑀫𑀁 𑀲𑀸𑀳𑀽
𑀪𑀡𑀺𑀬𑀁 𑀢𑁂𑀡-𑀯𑀺 𑀚𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀫𑀺 𑀤𑁄-𑀯𑀺 𑀯𑀸𑀏𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀳-𑀬 𑀢𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀛𑁂
ārūḍhā bhāsaṃte jāṇasi kiṃ nacciuṃ tumaṃ sāhū

c. 700 CE, Anonymous, Maṇipati-Carita 863

1959 translation by Robert Hamilton Blair Williams
As they went up they said: 'Do you know how to dance, sadhu?'
He replied: 'I do, you both play for me.’

bhaṇiyaṃ teṇa-vi jāṇāmi do-vi vāĕjjaha-ya tujjhe


𑀧𑁂𑀅

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">पेअ</i>

Inherited from Sanskrit प्रेत (preta). Cognate with Pali peta.


𑀕𑀸𑀡

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">गाण</i>

gāṇa (romanization)
गाण (Devanagari)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀕𑀸𑀡 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)


𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮

<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">देवउल</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ದೇವಉಲ</i>

𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮 (devaüla) n (Devanagari देवउल, Kannada ದೇವಉಲ)

devaüla (romanization)
देवउल (Devanagari)
ದೇವಉಲ (Kannada)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀁 (nominative singular)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (nominative plural)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸𑀇 (nominative plural)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (accusative plural)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸𑀇 (accusative plural)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮 (singular vocative)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸𑀇𑀁 (plural vocative)
𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮𑀸𑀇 (plural vocative)

Gujarati: દેવળ (devaḷ)

q

< <i class="Brah mention" lang="pra">𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀮</i> (devala)

Hindustani: deval (< 𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀮 (devala))

Hindi: देवल

Urdu: دیول (dyol)

Old Marathi: 𑘟𑘹𑘄𑘩 (deula), 𑘟𑘹𑘄𑘯 (deuḷa)

Marathi: देऊळ (deūḷ)

Romani: devel (“god”)

Inherited from Sanskrit देवकुल (devakula, “temple”).


𑀕𑀸𑀅𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">गाअइ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಗಾಅಇ</i>

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

pra-head

𑀕𑀸𑀅𑀇 (gāaï) (Devanagari गाअइ, Kannada ಗಾಅಇ) (transitive)

gāaï (romanization)
गाअइ (Devanagari)
ಗಾಅಇ (Kannada)

Konkani:

Devanagari script: गाव्चे

Kannada script: ಗಾವ್ಚೆ

Latin script: gavche

Old Marathi: gāṇe

Modi script: 𑘐𑘰𑘜𑘹

Devanagari script: गाणे

Prakrit verb set
 𑀕𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (gijjaï)
 𑀕𑀸𑀅𑀇 (gāaï)
Inherited from Sanskrit गायति (gā́yati). Cognate with Pali gāyati.


𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">गोट्ठ</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಗೊಟ್ಠ</i>

𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (gŏṭṭha) m (Devanagari गोट्ठ, Kannada ಗೊಟ್ಠ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī)

gŏṭṭha (romanization)
गोट्ठ (Devanagari)
ಗೊಟ್ಠ (Kannada)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑁄 (nominative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑁂 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑁂𑀡 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑁂𑀡𑀁 (instrumental singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑁂𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀅 (dative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀳𑀺 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀲𑁆𑀲 (genitive singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (locative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑁂 (locative singular)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑁂𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸 (plural vocative)

Konkani: goṭo

Devanagari script: गोटो

Kannada script: ಗೊಟೊ

Latin script: gotto

Marathi: गोठा (goṭhā)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws
Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-
Sanskrit गोष्ठ (goṣṭha)
Prakrit 𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (gŏṭṭha)
Inherited from Sanskrit गोष्ठ (goṣṭhá). Cognate with Pali goṭṭha.


𑀧𑀜𑁆𑀘𑀻𑀮

Bengali: পাঁচিল (pãcil)

Odia: ପାଚିରୀ (pāciri), ପାଚେରୀ (pāceri)

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀧𑀸𑀘𑀻𑀮 (*pācīla), from Sanskrit प्राचीर (prācīra).


𑀕𑀽𑀳

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">गूह</i>

Central:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Hindustani:

Hindi: गुह (guh), गू (gū), गूह (gūh)

Urdu: گوہ (gūh), گو (gū)

Eastern:

Magadhi Prakrit:

Assamese: গু (gu)

Bengali: গু (gu)

Bihari:

Bhojpuri: गूह (gūh)

desc

Odia: ଗୁହ (guha), ଘୁଅ (ghua), ଗୁ (gu), ଗଅ (gaa), ଗଇ (gai)

Sylheti: ꠉꠥ (gu)

Northern:

Khasa Prakrit:

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: गू (gū), गुहु (guhu)

Northwestern:

Paisaci Prakrit:

Takka Apabhramsa:

Saraiki: گُھوں (ghūṉ), گُوں (gūṉ)

Punjabi: gū̃h

Gurmukhi script: ਗੂੰਹ

Shahmukhi script: گُون٘ہہ

Vracada Apabhramsa:

Sindhi: gū̃hu

Arabic script: گُوڻهُ

Devanagari script: गूंहु

Southern:

Helu Prakrit:

Dhivehi: ގުއި (gui), ގޫ (gū)

Sinhalese: ගූ (gū)

Maharastri Prakrit:

Konkani: gū

Devanagari script: गू

Kannada script: ಗೂ

Latin script: gu

Marathi: गू (gū)

Western:

Sauraseni Prakrit:

Gujarati: ગૂ (gū)


𑀡𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">णट्टइ</i>

pra-head

𑀡𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇 (ṇaṭṭaï) (Devanagari णट्टइ) (intransitive)

ṇaṭṭaï (romanization)
णट्टइ (Devanagari)

Dhivehi: ނަށަނީ (naṣanī)

Sinhalese: නටනවා (naṭanawā)

𑀰𑀓𑀸𑀤𑀻𑀦𑀸𑀁 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀯𑀫𑁆 𑁈𑁨𑁩𑁦𑁈
𑀰𑀓𑀸𑀤𑀻𑀦𑀸𑀫𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀲𑁆𑀬 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀯𑀁 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺𑁇 𑀰𑀓𑁆 𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀇𑁇 𑀚𑀺𑀫𑁆 𑀚𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀇𑁇 𑀮𑀕𑁆 𑀮𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀇𑁇 𑀫𑀕𑁆 𑀫𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀇𑁇 𑀓𑀼𑀧𑁆 𑀓𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀇𑁇 𑀦𑀰𑁆 𑀦𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀇𑁇 𑀅𑀝𑁆 𑀧𑀭𑀺𑀅𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇𑁇 𑀮𑀼𑀝𑁆 𑀧𑀮𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇𑁇 𑀢𑀼𑀝𑁆 𑀢𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇𑁇 𑀦𑀝𑁆 𑀦𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇𑁇 𑀲𑀺𑀯𑁆 𑀲𑀺𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀇𑁇 𑀇𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀤𑀺𑁇
śakādīnāṃ dvitvam .230.

c. 1088 – 1173, Hemachandra, Siddha-Hema-Śabdanuśāśana Chapter 8 4, 230

śakādīnāmantyasya dvitvaṃ bhavati. śak sakkaï. jim jimmaï. lag laggaï. mag maggaï. kup kuppaï. naś nassaï. aṭ pariaṭṭaï. luṭ palŏṭṭaï. tuṭ tuṭṭaï. naṭ naṭṭaï. siv sivvaï. ityādi.

𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇 𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇#Prakrit

Ardhamagadhi variant of 𑀡𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀇 (ṇaccaï, “to dance”)


𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">भित्ति</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಭಿತ್ತಿ</i>

𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (bhitti) f (Devanagari भित्ति, Kannada ಭಿತ್ತಿ)

bhitti (romanization)
भित्ति (Devanagari)
ಭಿತ್ತಿ (Kannada)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (nominative singular)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (nominative plural)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (accusative plural)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (singular vocative)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (singular vocative)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (plural vocative)

Ahirani: भित (bhit), भीत (bhīt)

Awadhi: bhīti, bhitiyā

Devanagari script: भीति, भितिया

Kaithi script: 𑂦𑂲𑂞𑂱, 𑂦𑂱𑂞𑂱𑂨𑂰

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Braj: भित्ति (bhitti), भीत (bhīt), भीति (bhīti), भीती (bhītī)

Bagheli: भीती (bhītī)

Middle Bengali: ভীত (bhit)

Bengali: ভিত (bhito)

Chhattisgarhi: भीती (bhītī)

Dhivehi: ބިތް (bit̊)

Old Gujarati: भीति (bhīti)

Gojri: پِھتی (bhitī)

Middle Gujarati: भीति

Gujarati: ભીંત (bhī̃t)

Malvi: भींत (bhī̃t)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: भीत (bhīt), भींत (bhī̃t), भीतड़ौ (bhītṛau)

Mahajani script: 𑅫𑅑𑅣 (bhit), 𑅫𑅑𑅧𑅣 (bhint), 𑅫𑅑𑅣𑅲𑅒 (bhitṛu)

Hindustani: bhīt

Arabic script: بِھیتْ

Devanagari script: भीत

Kaithi script: 𑂦𑂲𑂞

Konkani:

Devanagari script: भिंत (bhinta)

Kannada script: ಭಿಂತ್

Maithili: bhiti, bhitti, bhīt, bhīti

Devanagari script: भिति, भित्ति, भीत, भीति

Tirhuta script: 𑒦𑒱𑒞𑒱, 𑒦𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒞𑒱, 𑒦𑒲𑒞, 𑒦𑒲𑒞𑒱

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: भिंती (bhiṃtī), भीत (bhīta)

Modi script: 𑘥𑘲𑘽𑘝𑘲 (bhīṃtī), 𑘥𑘲𑘝 (bhīta)

Old Punjabi: ਭੀਤਿ (bhīti)

Punjabi: bhīt

Gurmukhi script: ਭੀਤ

Shahmukhi script: بِھیتْ

Sindhi: bhiti

Arabic script: ڀِتِ

Devanagari script: भिति

Khudabadi script: 𑋖𑋡𑋍𑋡

Sinhalese: බිත (bita)

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (bhitti). Cognate with Pali bhitti.

𑀘𑀟𑀼𑀮-𑀯𑀟𑀸𑀆-𑀡𑀺𑀯𑀳𑁄 𑀓𑀁𑀘𑀡-𑀖𑀭-𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺-𑀯𑀺𑀅𑀟-𑀓𑀽𑀯𑀭-𑀩𑀁𑀥𑁄
𑀇𑀁𑀤𑀇𑀡𑁄-𑀯𑀺 𑀧𑀲𑀭𑀺𑀑 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀤𑁂𑀲𑁄-𑀯 𑀭𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀲-𑀉𑀭𑀻𑀅 𑀭𑀳𑁄
caḍula-vaḍāā-ṇivaho kaṃcaṇa-ghara-bhitti-viaḍa-kūvara-baṃdho
iṃdaïṇo-vi pasario ĕkkuddeso-va rakkhasa-urīa raho

c. 400 CE, Pravarasena II, Rāvaṇavadha Canto XII, line 84

The chariot of Indrajit, with the pole-frame broad as the golden wall of the palace
advanced, with flags flying, as if it were a segment of the city of the demons

1974 translation by Krishna Kanta Handique

𑀧𑀭𑀺𑀯𑀸𑀬𑀕𑁂𑀡 𑀢𑀸𑀯-𑀬 𑀈𑀲𑀭-𑀯𑀡𑀺𑀬𑀲𑁆𑀲 𑀫𑀁𑀤𑀺𑀭𑁂 𑀢𑀼𑀁𑀕𑁂 𑁇
𑀲𑀼𑀳-𑀪𑁂𑀬-𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺-𑀪𑀸𑀏 𑀔𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 𑀆𑀮𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀬𑀁 𑀢𑁂𑀡 𑁈𑁧𑁧𑁩𑁈
𑀚𑀸𑀏-𑀯𑀺 𑀪𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺-𑀲𑀁𑀥𑁂 𑀔𑀡𑀺𑀬𑀁 𑀔𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀁 𑀲𑀼𑀢𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀔-𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀣𑁂𑀡𑀁 𑁇
𑀲𑀺𑀭𑀺𑀯𑀘𑁆𑀙-𑀲𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀳𑀁 𑀲𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀯𑁂𑀲-𑀡𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀫𑀡𑀁-𑀅𑀇𑀕𑀽𑀠𑀁 𑁈𑁧𑁧𑁪𑁈
parivāyageṇa tāva-ya īsara-vaṇiyassa maṃdire tuṃge .
suha-bheya-bhitti-bhāe khattaṃ ālehiyaṃ teṇa .113.
jāe-vi bhitti-saṃdhe khaṇiyaṃ khattaṃ sutikkha-sattheṇaṃ .

c. 1122 – 1123, Devendra, Uttarādhyayana-Vṛtti X. Agaḍadatta page 74 lines 35-38

1909 translation by John Jacob Meyer
113. And forthwith the wandering ascetics scratched [the outlines of] a breach on a rich merchant's towering palace,
on a part of the wall that was easily broken through.
114. When a breach in the wall had been made he dug out with a very sharp tool an extremely well concealed hole,
which resembled a sirivaccha and which made it easy to get in and out.


𑀙𑀕𑀡

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">छगण</i>

Northwestern:

Sindhi: cheṇu, cheṇo

Arabic script: ڇيڻُ, ڇيڻو

Devanagari script: छेणु, छेणो

Khudabadi script: 𑋁𑋥𑋌𑋣, 𑋁𑋥𑋌𑋧

Southern:

Konkani: śeṇ

Devanagari script: शेण

Kannada script: ಶೇಣ್

Latin script: xenn

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: शेणी (śeṇī), सेण (seṇa), सेणि (seṇi), सेणी (seṇī), सेन (sena), सेनी (senī)

Modi script: 𑘫𑘹𑘜𑘲 (śeṇī), 𑘭𑘹𑘜 (seṇa), 𑘭𑘹𑘜𑘲 (seṇī), 𑘭𑘹𑘡 (sena), 𑘭𑘹𑘡𑘲 (senī)

Western:

Ahirani: शेन (śen)

q

< 𑀙𑀸𑀡 (chāṇa), 𑀙𑀸𑀡𑀻 (chāṇī)

Middle Gujarati: छाण(-आवलि) (< 𑀙𑀸𑀡 (chāṇa), 𑀙𑀸𑀡𑀻 (chāṇī))

Gujarati: છાણ (chāṇ)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: छगण (chagaṇ)

Mahajani script: 𑅚𑅗𑅢 (chgṇ)

→ Malayalam: ചാണകം (cāṇakaṁ)

→ Old Kannada: ಸಗಣ (sagaṇa)

→ Sanskrit: छगण (chagaṇa)

< 𑀙𑀸𑀡𑀻 (chāṇī)

(< 𑀙𑀸𑀡𑀻 (chāṇī))

→ Tamil: சாணி (cāṇi), சாணம் (cāṇam) (< 𑀙𑀸𑀡𑀻 (chāṇī))

From late Old Indo-Aryan *śakana- ~ *chakana-, a colloquial formation from Sanskrit शकन् (śakán), the oblique base of शकृत् (śákṛt, “dung”); see there for further etymology.


𑀯𑀁𑀲𑀻

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">वंसी</i>

Eastern:

Early Assamese: বাঁশী (ba̐śī)

Assamese: বাঁহী (bãhi)

Bengali: বাঁশি (bãśi)

Odia: ବଇଁଶୀ (baĩśi)

Central:

Hindustani: bãsī

Hindi: बंसी

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Urdu: بَن٘سِی

Urdu: بَن٘سِی


𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸

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<i class="Deva mention" lang="pra">इट्टा</i>

<i class="Gujr mention" lang="pra">ઇટ્ટા</i>

<i class="Knda mention" lang="pra">ಇಟ್ಟಾ</i>

𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (iṭṭā) f (Devanagari इट्टा, Gujarati ઇટ્ટા, Kannada ಇಟ್ಟಾ)

tlb

(Māhārāṣṭrī, Ardhamāgadhī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī)

iṭṭā (romanization)
इट्टा (Devanagari)
ઇટ્ટા (Gujarati)
ಇಟ್ಟಾ (Kannada)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (nominative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀑 (nominative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀉 (nominative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (nominative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀁 (accusative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀑 (accusative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀉 (accusative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (accusative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀏 (instrumental singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀇 (instrumental singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀅 (instrumental singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀳𑀺 (instrumental plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁 (instrumental plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀑 (ablative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀉 (ablative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (ablative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀏 (genitive singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀇 (genitive singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀅 (genitive singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀡 (genitive plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀡𑀁 (genitive plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀏 (locative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀇 (locative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀅 (locative singular)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀲𑀼 (locative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (locative plural)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑁂 (singular vocative)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (singular vocative)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀑 (plural vocative)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸𑀉 (plural vocative)
𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (plural vocative)

Central Indo-Aryan:

Old Braj: ईट (īṭ), ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Old Hindi: ईंट (īṃṭa)

Bundeli: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Haryanvi: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Kannauji: ईंट

Middle Hindi: اینٹ (aynṭ /ī̃ṭ/)

Hindustani: ī̃ṭ

Hindi: ईंट

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Urdu: اِین٘ٹ

Urdu: اِین٘ٹ

→? Dhivehi: އީޓު (īṭu)

Eastern Indo-Aryan:

Chakma: 𑄄𑄑𑄴 (iṭ), 𑄃𑄨𑄑𑄴 (iṭ)

desctree

Middle Bengali: ইটা (iṭa), ঈটা (iṭa)
Bengali: ইট (iṭ)

Magahi:

Devanagari script: ईंट (īṇṭ)

Kaithi script: 𑂆𑂁𑂗 (īṇṭ)

Insular Indo-Aryan:

>? Sinhalese: උළු (uḷu)

Northern Indo-Aryan:

Central Pahari:

Garhwali: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Kumaoni: ईंट

Eastern Pahari:

Nepali: इँट (ĩṭ)

Western Pahari:

Dogri: iṭṭ

Devanagari script: इट्ट

Dogra script: 𑠂𑠔𑠹𑠔

Northwestern Indo-Aryan:

Punjabic:

Old Punjabi: ਇਟ (iṭa /iṭṭa/)

Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਇੱਟ (iṭṭa)

Shahmukhi script: اِٹّ (īṭṭ)

Saraiki:

Devanagari script: इट (iṭ)

Multani script: 𑊁𑊐 (iṭ)

Shahmukhi script: اِٹ (īṭ)

Sindhi:

Kachchi: iṭ

Gujarati script: ઇટ

Khudabadi script: 𑊲𑋆

Southern Indo-Aryan:

Konkani:

Devanagari script: वीट (vīṭ)

Latin script: vitt

Kannada script: ವೀಟ್ (vīṭ)

Old Marathi:

Devanagari script: इट (iṭa)

Modi script: 𑘃𑘘 (īṭa)
Marathi: vīṭ
Devanagari script: वीट
Modi script: 𑘪𑘲𑘘
Varhadi: īṭ
Devanagari script: ईट
Modi script: 𑘃𑘘
→? Dhivehi: އީޓު (īṭu)

Western Indo-Aryan:

Gujaratic:

Middle Gujarati: ईट
Gujarati: ઈંટ (ī̃ṭ)
→? Dhivehi: އީޓު (īṭu)

Rajasthani:

Ahirani: इट (iṭ)

Dhundhari: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Gojri: اِٹ (iṭ)

Malvi: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Marwari:

Devanagari script: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Mahajani script: 𑅑𑅧𑅞 (inṭ /ī̃ṭ/)

Mewati: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Mewari: ईंट (ī̃ṭ)

Etymology tree
Sanskrit इष्टा (iṣṭā)
Prakrit 𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸 (iṭṭā)
Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀇𑀱𑁆𑀝𑀸 (iṣṭā), related to 𑀇𑀱𑁆𑀝𑀓𑀸 (íṣṭakā, “brick”).

ref

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “íṣṭakā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 72: “Pk. iṭṭagā-, iṭṭā- f.”

𑀇𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀸-𑀘𑀼𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀁-𑀯 𑀓𑀺𑀭𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀫𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀡𑀸𑀯𑀅𑀯𑀁 𑀧𑀭𑀺𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀼𑀭𑀇 .
𑀭𑀯𑀺𑀡𑁄 𑀕𑀅𑀡𑀸𑀲𑀺-𑀡𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀡-𑀘𑀓𑁆𑀓-𑀯𑀮𑀑𑀯𑀁 𑀩𑀺𑀁𑀩𑀁 𑁈𑁧𑁧𑁮𑁨𑁈
iṭṭā-cuṇṇaṃ-va kirantamuddhamuruṇāvaavaṃ paripphuraï .
raviṇo gaaṇāsi-ṇisāṇa-cakka-valaovaṃ biṃbaṃ .1182.

c. 8th century CE, Vākpati-rāja, Gauḍavadha 1182

1182. The sun is figuratively imagined to the whetting wheel of the bluish sword in the form of the blue sky.
As the sword is held over the rotating sharpening wheel, fire-sparks, which are no other than the powdered particles of the wheel made of brick-clay, shoot and spread about.
This is the red-lustered dawn emerging and the wheel is the sun’s orb.