boom

(economics, business) boom (period of prosperity)


spread

Unadapted borrowing from English spread. Doublet of espargir.

(business, economics) spread (the difference between the wholesale and retail prices)

(finance, economics) difference between the interest rate a bank charges to a client and the interest rate it pays


circular

pt-verb

circular (first-person singular present circulo, first-person singular preterite circulei, past participle circulado)

circulo (first-person present singular)
circulei (first-person preterite singular)
circulado (participle past)
circular (impersonal infinitive)
circular (first-person infinitive singular)
circulares (infinitive second-person singular)
circular (infinitive singular third-person)
circularmos (first-person infinitive plural)
circulardes (infinitive plural second-person)
circularem (infinitive plural third-person)
circulando (gerund)
circulado (masculine participle past singular)
circulados (masculine participle past plural)
circulada (feminine participle past singular)
circuladas (feminine participle past plural)
circulo (first-person indicative present singular)
circulas (indicative present second-person singular)
circula (indicative present singular third-person)
circulamos (first-person indicative plural present)
circulais (indicative plural present second-person)
circulam (indicative plural present third-person)
circulava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
circulavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
circulava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
circulávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
circuláveis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
circulavam (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
circulei (first-person indicative preterite singular)
circulaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
circulou (indicative preterite singular third-person)
circulamos (Brazil first-person indicative plural preterite)
circulámos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
circulastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
circularam (indicative plural preterite third-person)
circulara (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
circularas (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
circulara (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
circuláramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
circuláreis (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
circularam (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
circularei (first-person future indicative singular)
circularás (future indicative second-person singular)
circulará (future indicative singular third-person)
circularemos (first-person future indicative plural)
circulareis (future indicative plural second-person)
circularão (future indicative plural third-person)
circularia (conditional first-person singular)
circularias (conditional second-person singular)
circularia (conditional singular third-person)
circularíamos (conditional first-person plural)
circularíeis (conditional plural second-person)
circulariam (conditional plural third-person)
circule (first-person present singular subjunctive)
circules (present second-person singular subjunctive)
circule (present singular subjunctive third-person)
circulemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
circuleis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
circulem (plural present subjunctive third-person)
circulasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
circulasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
circulasse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
circulássemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
circulásseis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
circulassem (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
circular (first-person future singular subjunctive)
circulares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
circular (future singular subjunctive third-person)
circularmos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
circulardes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
circularem (future plural subjunctive third-person)
circula (imperative second-person singular)
circule (imperative singular third-person)
circulemos (first-person imperative plural)
circulai (imperative plural second-person)
circulem (imperative plural third-person)
não circules (imperative negative second-person singular)
não circule (imperative negative singular third-person)
não circulemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
não circuleis (imperative negative plural second-person)
não circulem (imperative negative plural third-person)

Borrowed from Latin circulāre (“to make round”), post-Augustan form of Latin circulārī.

O euro deixará de circular no Reino Unido.

The euro will no longer circulate in the United Kingdom.

(intransitive) to circulate; to be disseminated; to be spread; to go around

(economics) to circulate (to be valid as currency)


cartel

(economics) cartel (a group of businesses or nations that collude to limit competition within an industry or market)


laissez-faire

(economics) laissez faire (a policy of governmental non-interference in economic affairs)


cluster

Unadapted borrowing from English cluster.


marginal

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin marginālis.


royalty

[ˈhɔɪ̯.ɐʊ̯.t͡ʃi]

[ˈhɔɪ̯.ɐʊ̯.t͡ʃi]

[ˈχɔɪ̯.ɐʊ̯.t͡ʃi]

Unadapted borrowing from English royalty.

ubor

(economics, chiefly in the plural) royalty (amount paid to the holder of a patent or registered trademark, or to the author of a work, in order to allow its use and commercialization)


demanda

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese demanda, from demandar, from Latin dēmandāre (“to demand”).

inh+

(uncountable, economics) demand (desire to purchase goods and services)


oferta

From Old Galician-Portuguese offerta, from Medieval Latin or Late Latin offerta, ultimately from Latin offerō. Compare Catalan and Spanish oferta, Italian offerta.


IVA

(taxation) acronym of imposto sobre o valor acrescentado (“value added tax”)


bonde

Borrowed from English bond. The tramway sense is said to have originated from coupons sold as transport tickets which looked liked bonds issued at the time.


bolha

bolhas (plural)
bôlha (alternative obsolete)
boilha (alternative misspelling)

From Latin bulla. Doublet of bola and bula.

(economics) bubble (period of intense speculation in a market)


ponto

pontos (plural)
poncto (alternative obsolete)

From Old Galician-Portuguese ponto, from Latin punctum (“point”), from pungō (“to prick, to puncture, to punch”). Cognate with Spanish punto. Doublet of point.

(economics) point, a unit used to express stocks, shares, interest rates, etc.


dumping

Unadapted borrowing from English dumping.

ubor

(economics) dumping (the sale of goods at less than their normal price)


fogal

From fogo + -al. Compare Medieval Latin focālis (“hearth tax”).

O focal (census pro singulis FOCIS exactus) era um censo, ou uma espécie de imposto, que os plebeus pagavam por cada fogo.

1853, François-René de Chateaubriand, Memorias d'alem da campa Volume 2, Typographia de J. Lourenço de Sousa, page 70

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

(historical, taxation) hearth tax, a tax levied on each household


startup

startups (plural)
start-up (alternative)

Unadapted borrowing from English startup.

(economics) startup (a new company or organization or business venture)


taxa

From taxar (“to tax; to charge a fee”), from Latin taxāre (“to handle; to compute”), from tangō (“to touch”).

(economics) a percentage or ratio of a value


procura

LL-Q5146 (por)-Juliano P. Junho (Jjunho)-procura.wav

(economics) demand (amount of a good or service that consumers are willing to buy at a particular price)


PIB

produto interno bruto
produto interno bruto#Portuguese

(economics) acronym of produto interno bruto (“GDP (gross domestic product)”)


socialismo

Borrowed from French socialisme (“socialism”) or from social + -ismo.

bor+

(politics, economics) socialism (political and economic doctrine that advocates collective control of the main means of production as a way of ensuring an equitable distribution of wealth)

(politics) socialism (political system that puts this doctrine into practice)


factoring

Unadapted borrowing from English factoring.

ubor

(economics) factoring (financial transaction)


lucro

Borrowed from Latin lucrum. Doublet of logro (“fraud”), which was inherited..

(economics) profit (positive income minus expenditures)


renda

From Old Galician-Portuguese renda, probably from Old Catalan or Old Occitan renda, either way from Early Medieval Latin rendita. Compare Galician renda, Spanish renta.

(economics) income (money one earns by working)


capitalismo

From capital + -ismo, perhaps modelled after French capitalisme.

(economics) capitalism (an economic regime characterized by private ownership of the means of production, the predominance of capital as a productive element and the existence of a free market geared towards making a profit)


microeconomia

(economics) microeconomics (small-scale economic activities)


fazenda

Kadiwéu: bajeenda

Russian: фазенда (fazenda)

From Old Galician-Portuguese fazenda, from Latin facienda, form of faciendus (“which is to do”), from faciō (“do, make”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place, set”). Cognate with Spanish hacienda. Doublet of faina.

der

Ministério da Fazenda


liberalismo

(economics) liberalism (theory in favour of laissez faire and the free market)


produto

produtos (plural)
producto (alternative)

Learned borrowing from Latin prōductus (“brought forth”), perfect participle of prōdūcō (“to bring forth”), from prō (“forth”) + dūcō (“to lead; to draw”).


serviço

Hunsrik: Sërviss

Macanese: siviço

From Old Galician-Portuguese serviço, a semi-learned borrowing from Latin servitium (“slavery; servitude”) (compare Italian servizio, French service, Norman sèrvice, Spanish servicio), from servus (“serf”). By surface analysis, servo + -iço.

(economics) service (work that is produced, traded, sold, then consumed)


antidumping

/ˌɐ̃.t͡ʃiˈdɐ̃.pĩ/

/ˌɐ̃.tiˈdɐ̃.pĩɡ/

[ˌɐ̃.tiˈðɐ̃.pĩɡ]

Unadapted borrowing from English antidumping.

ubor

(economics, trade, diplomacy) antidumping (intended to combat or prevent dumping, the sale of goods below cost)


keynesiano

pt-adj

keynesiano (feminine keynesiana, masculine plural keynesianos, feminine plural keynesianas)

keynesiana (feminine)
keynesianos (masculine plural)
keynesianas (feminine plural)

(economics) Keynesian (pertaining to an economic theory based on the ideas of John Keynes)


keynesiano

pt-noun

keynesiano m (plural keynesianos, feminine keynesiana, feminine plural keynesianas)

keynesianos (plural)
keynesiana (feminine)
keynesianas (feminine plural)

(economics) Keynesian (proponent of Keynesian doctrine)


estímulo

Borrowed from Latin stimulus (“goad; incentive”).

(economics) stimulus (a policy that attempts to improve the economy)


BRIC

(politics, economics) BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, and China)


setor

setores (plural)
sector (alternative Portugal)

Learned borrowing from Latin sectōrem (“cutter”), from secō (“to cut”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”).

lbor

(economics) sector (a part of the economy)


excedente

excedente orçamental


valor nominal

pt-noun

valor nominal m (plural valores nominais)

(economics) nominal value (value without adjusting for inflation)


IBSA

(politics, economics) IBSA (India, Brazil and South Africa)


produtor

produtor m (plural produtores, feminine produtora, feminine plural produtoras)

produtores (plural)
produtora (feminine)
produtoras (feminine plural)
productor (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from Latin productor, from productus.

(economics) producer (individual or organization that creates goods and services)


insumo

Influenced by both Latin īnsumus and English input.

(economics) input (e.g. raw material, workforce, energy consumption, etc.)


BRICS

pt-proper noun

BRICS m pl or m (sometimes plural only, in variation)

(politics, economics) BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa)


mercantil

[meɾ.kɐ̃ˈt͡ʃiʊ̯]

[meχ.kɐ̃ˈt͡ʃiʊ̯]

[meɻ.kɐ̃ˈt͡ʃiʊ̯]

(economics) mercantile (related to the exchange of goods for profit)


microeconómico

pt-adj

microeconómico (feminine microeconómica, masculine plural microeconómicos, feminine plural microeconómicas)

microeconómica (feminine)
microeconómicos (masculine plural)
microeconómicas (feminine plural)
microeconômico (alternative Brazil)

(economics) microeconomic (relating to a microeconomy)


privatizar

pt-verb

privatizar (first-person singular present privatizo, first-person singular preterite privatizei, past participle privatizado)

privatizo (first-person present singular)
privatizei (first-person preterite singular)
privatizado (participle past)
privatizar (impersonal infinitive)
privatizar (first-person infinitive singular)
privatizares (infinitive second-person singular)
privatizar (infinitive singular third-person)
privatizarmos (first-person infinitive plural)
privatizardes (infinitive plural second-person)
privatizarem (infinitive plural third-person)
privatizando (gerund)
privatizado (masculine participle past singular)
privatizados (masculine participle past plural)
privatizada (feminine participle past singular)
privatizadas (feminine participle past plural)
privatizo (first-person indicative present singular)
privatizas (indicative present second-person singular)
privatiza (indicative present singular third-person)
privatizamos (first-person indicative plural present)
privatizais (indicative plural present second-person)
privatizam (indicative plural present third-person)
privatizava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
privatizavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
privatizava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
privatizávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
privatizáveis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
privatizavam (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
privatizei (first-person indicative preterite singular)
privatizaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
privatizou (indicative preterite singular third-person)
privatizamos (Brazil first-person indicative plural preterite)
privatizámos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
privatizastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
privatizaram (indicative plural preterite third-person)
privatizara (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
privatizaras (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
privatizara (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
privatizáramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
privatizáreis (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
privatizaram (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
privatizarei (first-person future indicative singular)
privatizarás (future indicative second-person singular)
privatizará (future indicative singular third-person)
privatizaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
privatizareis (future indicative plural second-person)
privatizarão (future indicative plural third-person)
privatizaria (conditional first-person singular)
privatizarias (conditional second-person singular)
privatizaria (conditional singular third-person)
privatizaríamos (conditional first-person plural)
privatizaríeis (conditional plural second-person)
privatizariam (conditional plural third-person)
privatize (first-person present singular subjunctive)
privatizes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
privatize (present singular subjunctive third-person)
privatizemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
privatizeis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
privatizem (plural present subjunctive third-person)
privatizasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
privatizasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
privatizasse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
privatizássemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
privatizásseis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
privatizassem (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
privatizar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
privatizares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
privatizar (future singular subjunctive third-person)
privatizarmos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
privatizardes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
privatizarem (future plural subjunctive third-person)
privatiza (imperative second-person singular)
privatize (imperative singular third-person)
privatizemos (first-person imperative plural)
privatizai (imperative plural second-person)
privatizem (imperative plural third-person)
não privatizes (imperative negative second-person singular)
não privatize (imperative negative singular third-person)
não privatizemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
não privatizeis (imperative negative plural second-person)
não privatizem (imperative negative plural third-person)

From Latin prīvātus (“private”) + -izar.

(economics, transitive) to privatize (release government control to private industry)


especulativo

pt-adj

especulativo (feminine especulativa, masculine plural especulativos, feminine plural especulativas)

especulativa (feminine)
especulativos (masculine plural)
especulativas (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Late Latin speculātīvus, from Latin speculor. By surface analysis, especular + -tivo.


blindagem

[blĩˈda.ʒẽɪ̯̃]

Borrowed from French blindage (“armour”). By surface analysis, from blindar (“to shield”) + -agem.


câmbio

From Old Galician-Portuguese cambio, either directly from Late Latin cambium (“change”) or deverbal of cambiar (cf. Portuguese escambo), from Latin cambiāre (“to change”) , from a Celtic language, from Proto-Celtic *kamb- (“crooked; bent”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱamb-, *(s)kamb- (“bent”).

exchange rate

(uncountable, economics, finance) currency exchange


ilíquido

pt-adj

ilíquido (feminine ilíquida, masculine plural ilíquidos, feminine plural ilíquidas)

ilíquida (feminine)
ilíquidos (masculine plural)
ilíquidas (feminine plural)


paridade

(economics) equality of exchange rates between currencies of two countries


deflação

(economics) deflation (decrease in the general price level)


déficit comercial

pt-noun

déficit comercial m (plural déficits comerciais)

(economics) trade deficit (negative balance of trade)


dívida interna

dívida interna f (plural dívidas internas)

(economics) domestic debt (debt owed to creditors resident in the same country as debtor)


dívida pública

dívida pública f (plural dívidas públicas)


bem durável

(economics) durable good (good that yields utility over time)


anarcocapitalismo

anarcocapitalismo m (usually uncountable, plural anarcocapitalismos)

anarcocapitalismos (plural)
anarco-capitalismo (alternative)

Calque of English anarcho-capitalism, from anarco- + capitalismo. Coined by Murray Rothbard.

Muitos intelectuais entendem o mercado como o livre mercado, identificam-no com o anarcocapitalismo e o liberalismo extremo.

2018 June 17, Jan Martínez Ahrens, “Steven Pinker: “Os populistas estão do lado sombrio da história””, in El País, archived from the original on 2018-11-20:

Many intellectuals understand the market as the free market, identifying it with anarcho-capitalism and extreme economic liberalism.


mais-valia

(economics) capital gain (an increase in the value of a capital asset)


produto interno

produto interno m (plural produtos internos)


mercado de trabalho

mercado de trabalho m (plural mercados de trabalho)

(economics) labour market (available jobs)


protecionismo

protecionismo m (usually uncountable, plural protecionismos)

protecionismos (plural)
proteccionismo (alternative)

(economics) protectionism (policy of protecting domestic producers)


taxa de câmbio

taxa de câmbio f (plural taxas de câmbio)

(economics, finance) exchange rate (rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another)


industrialização

industrialização f (plural industrializações)

(sociology, economics) industrialization (social and economic change associated with the adoption of manufacturing industries)


produto nacional bruto

produto nacional bruto m (plural produtos nacionais brutos)

gross national product
gross national product

(economics) gross national product (total market value of all the goods and services produced by a nation)


socialização

(economics, politics) socialization (the process of taking something under government control as a form of implementing socialism)


oligopólio

From oligo- + -pólio, by analogy with monopólio (“monopoly”).

(economics) oligopoly (control of a market by few people)


Lda.

limited liability company
limited liability company

(economics) abbreviation of Limitada, limited liability company


flexibilização quantitativa

flexibilização quantitativa f (uncountable)

(economics) quantitative easing (monetary policy where the central bank buys assets from private institutions)


ancap

(politics, economics, chiefly Internet slang) clipping of anarcocapitalista


anarcocapitalista

pt-adj

anarcocapitalista m or f (plural anarcocapitalistas)

anarcocapitalistas (plural)
anarco-capitalista (alternative)
ancap (alternative)

Borrowed from English anarcho-capitalist. Coined by Murray Rothbard. By surface analysis, anarco- + capitalista.

surf

(politics, economics) anarcho-capitalist (of, relating to, or advocating anarcho-capitalism)


anarcocapitalista

pt-noun

anarcocapitalista m or f by sense (plural anarcocapitalistas)

(politics, economics) anarcho-capitalist (person who advocates anarcho-capitalism)


agorismo

(politics, economics) agorism (philosophy that advocates the creation of a voluntaryist society through counter-economics)


agorista

(economics) agorist (of, supporting, relating to, or advocating agorism)


agorista

agorista m or f by sense (plural agoristas)

(economics) agorist (person who advocates agorism)


anti-inflacionário

pt-adj

anti-inflacionário (feminine anti-inflacionária, masculine plural anti-inflacionários, feminine plural anti-inflacionárias)

anti-inflacionária (feminine)
anti-inflacionários (masculine plural)
anti-inflacionárias (feminine plural)

(economics) anti-inflationary (intended to counteract or reverse inflation)


antiausteridade

(economics) antiausterity (opposing austerity measures)


antiboicote

(economics) antiboycott (opposing or countering boycotts)


anticompetitividade

(economics, business) anticompetitiveness; anticompetition (anticompetitive behaviour)


anticompetitivo

anticompetitivo (feminine anticompetitiva, masculine plural anticompetitivos, feminine plural anticompetitivas)

anticompetitiva (feminine)
anticompetitivos (masculine plural)
anticompetitivas (feminine plural)

(economics, business) anticompetitive (acting to hinder or obstruct competition)


anticíclico

anticíclico (feminine anticíclica, masculine plural anticíclicos, feminine plural anticíclicas)

anticíclica (feminine)
anticíclicos (masculine plural)
anticíclicas (feminine plural)

(economics) contracyclical (tending to stabilise an unbalanced economy)


antieconómico

antieconómico (feminine antieconómica, masculine plural antieconómicos, feminine plural antieconómicas)

antieconómica (feminine)
antieconómicos (masculine plural)
antieconómicas (feminine plural)
antieconômico (alternative Brazil)

(economics) antieconomic (opposing or working against the economy)


bulionismo

(economics, historical) bullionism (an economic theory that defines wealth by the amount of precious metals owned)


contracíclico

contracíclico (feminine contracíclica, masculine plural contracíclicos, feminine plural contracíclicas)

contracíclica (feminine)
contracíclicos (masculine plural)
contracíclicas (feminine plural)

From contra- + cíclico or contraciclo + -ico.


quebradeira

From quebrado (“broken; bankrupt; exhausted”) + -eira.

affix

[kɨ.βɾɐˈðɐj.ɾɐ]

[kɨ.βɾɐˈðɐj.ɾɐ]

[kɨ.βɾɐˈðej.ɾɐ]

[kɨ.βɾɐˈðej.ɾɐ]

[kɨ.βɾɐˈðe.ɾɐ]

(economics) generalised bankruptcy; economic crisis


apropriabilidade

pt-noun

apropriabilidade f (usually uncountable, plural apropriabilidades)

(economics) appropriability (the ability to profit from an innovation)


condição de Marshall-Lerner

condição de Marshall-Lerner f (uncountable)

Marshall-Lerner condition
Marshall-Lerner condition


rácio

Borrowed from English ratio. Doublet of razão and ração.

O 7-Zip atinge um rácio de compressão 13% melhor que o WinRar.

7-Zip has a 13% better compression ratio than WinRar.


bolha ponto-com

bolha ponto.com (alternative)
bolha ponto com (alternative)
bolha das ponto-com (alternative)
bolha das ponto.com (alternative)
bolha do ponto-com (alternative rare)

(economics, historical) dot-com bubble (speculative bubble based around the Internet in the late 90s)


paridade do poder de compra

paridade do poder de compra f (plural paridades do poder de compra)

paridades do poder de compra (plural)
PPC (alternative initialism)

purchasing power parity
purchasing power parity


poder de compra

poder de compra m (plural poderes de compra)


produto interno bruto

produto interno bruto m (plural produtos internos brutos)

gross domestic product
gross domestic product


estagflação

Calque of English stagflation, from estagnação + inflação.


défice

défice orçamental

(economics) deficit (a situation wherein, or amount whereby, spending exceeds revenue)


moeda fiduciária

moeda fiduciária f (plural moedas fiduciárias)


plafom

(economics) upper limit (typically of a credit or debit card)


proletarização

proletarização f (plural proletarizações)

(economics) proletarianization (social process whereby people become employed as wage labour by employers)


reduflação

Calque of English shrinkflation. Blend of redução + inflação.


lastro-ouro

lastro-ouro m (plural lastros-ouro or lastros-ouros)

lastros-ouro (plural)
lastros-ouros (plural)

(economics) gold reserve (a quantity of gold held by a central bank to support the issue of currency)


padrão-ouro

padrão-ouro m (plural padrões-ouro or padrões-ouros)

padrões-ouro (plural)
padrões-ouros (plural)

[paˌdɾɐ̃ʊ̯̃ˈo(ʊ̯).ɾu]

[paˌdɾɐ̃ʊ̯̃ˈo(ʊ̯).ɾu]

[paˌdɾɐ̃ʊ̯̃ˈo(ʊ̯).ɾo]

[pɐˌðɾɐ̃w̃ˈow.ɾu]

/pɐˌdɾɐ̃w̃ˈo.ɾu/

[pɐˌðɾɐ̃w̃ˈo.ɾu]


estalão-ouro

estalão-ouro m (plural estalões-ouro or estalões-ouros)

estalões-ouro (plural)
estalões-ouros (plural)


moeda-ouro

moeda-ouro f (plural moedas-ouro or moedas-ouros)

moedas-ouro (plural)
moedas-ouros (plural)