absorber

absorber (nominative singular)
absorbery (nominative plural)
absorbera (genitive singular)
absorberów (genitive plural)
absorberowi (dative singular)
absorberom (dative plural)
absorber (accusative singular)
absorbery (accusative plural)
absorberem (instrumental singular)
absorberami (instrumental plural)
absorberze (locative singular)
absorberach (locative plural)
absorberze (singular vocative)
absorbery (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English absorber. First attested in 1922.

ref

Przemysł Chemiczny : miesięcznik poświęcony sprawom polskiego przemysłu chemicznego, wydawany staraniem Instytutu Badań Naukowych i Technicznych "Metan" we Lwowie, number R. 6, nr 6, 1922, page 165

(chemistry, technology) absorber (device causing gas or vapor to be absorbed by a liquid)


absorbent

absorbent (nominative singular)
absorbenty (nominative plural)
absorbentu (genitive singular)
absorbentów (genitive plural)
absorbentowi (dative singular)
absorbentom (dative plural)
absorbent (accusative singular)
absorbenty (accusative plural)
absorbentem (instrumental singular)
absorbentami (instrumental plural)
absorbencie (locative singular)
absorbentach (locative plural)
absorbencie (singular vocative)
absorbenty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English absorbent, from Latin absorbēns. First attested in 1925.

Przemysł Chemiczny : miesięcznik poświęcony sprawom polskiego przemysłu chemicznego, wydawany staraniem Instytutu Badań Naukowych i Technicznych "Metan" we Lwowie, number R. 9, nr 11/12, 1925, page 257

(chemistry) absorbent, absorber (anything which absorbs)


adamant

adamant (nominative singular)
adamanty (nominative plural)
adamantu (genitive singular)
adament (accusative singular)
adamas (alternative Middle Polish)
adament (alternative Middle Polish)

Learned borrowing from Latin adamās, from Ancient Greek ἀδάμας (adámas, “invincible”). First attested in 1525. Doublet of diament.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “adamas”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]


talk

talk (nominative singular)
talku (genitive singular)
talkowi (dative singular)
talk (accusative singular)
talkiem (instrumental singular)
talku (locative singular)
talku (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin talcum.


benzol

benzol (nominative singular)
benzole (nominative plural)
benzolu (genitive singular)
benzoli (genitive plural)
benzolowi (dative singular)
benzolom (dative plural)
benzol (accusative singular)
benzole (accusative plural)
benzolem (instrumental singular)
benzolami (instrumental plural)
benzolu (locative singular)
benzolach (locative plural)
benzolu (singular vocative)
benzole (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Benzol. By surface analysis, benzen + -ol.

(organic chemistry) benzol (an impure benzen)


lit

lit (nominative singular)
litu (genitive singular)
litowi (dative singular)
lit (accusative singular)
litem (instrumental singular)
licie (locative singular)
licie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin lithium.

(informal, organic chemistry) lithium carbonate (lithium salt of carbonic acid, Li2CO3, used in the manufacture of glass and ceramics, and medically, in the treatment of bipolar disorder)


benzyl

benzyl (nominative singular)
benzylu (genitive singular)
benzylowi (dative singular)
benzyl (accusative singular)
benzylem (instrumental singular)
benzylu (locative singular)
benzylu (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French benzyle or English benzyl.


metal

pl-noun

metal m inan (related adjective metalowy)

metalowy (adjective)
metal (nominative singular)
metale (nominative plural)
metalu (genitive singular)
metali (genitive plural)
metalowi (dative singular)
metalom (dative plural)
metal (accusative singular)
metale (accusative plural)
metalem (instrumental singular)
metalami (instrumental plural)
metalu (locative singular)
metalach (locative plural)
metalu (singular vocative)
metale (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English metal, French métal, German Metall, ultimately from Latin metallum, from Ancient Greek μέταλλον (métallon). Sense 3 is a semantic loan from English metal.

sl

(chemistry) metal (atomic element or material made of such atoms)


analog

analog (nominative singular)
analogi (nominative plural)
analogu (genitive singular)
analogów (genitive plural)
analogowi (dative singular)
analogom (dative plural)
analog (accusative singular)
analogi (accusative plural)
analogiem (instrumental singular)
analogami (instrumental plural)
analogu (locative singular)
analogach (locative plural)
analogu (singular vocative)
analogi (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀνάλογος (análogos). First attested in the 19th century.

ref

J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “analog”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 34

analog insuliny

(chemistry) analog (structural derivative)


stop

stop (nominative singular)
stopy (nominative plural)
stopu (genitive singular)
stopów (genitive plural)
stopowi (dative singular)
stopom (dative plural)
stop (accusative singular)
stopy (accusative plural)
stopem (instrumental singular)
stopami (instrumental plural)
stopie (locative singular)
stopach (locative plural)
stopie (singular vocative)
stopy (plural vocative)

Mosiądz jest stopem miedzi i cynku.

(chemistry) an alloy; a mixture of metals


mer

mer (nominative singular)
mery (nominative plural)
meru (genitive singular)
merów (genitive plural)
merowi (dative singular)
merom (dative plural)
mer (accusative singular)
mery (accusative plural)
merem (instrumental singular)
merami (instrumental plural)
merze (locative singular)
merach (locative plural)
merze (singular vocative)
mery (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English mer, from Ancient Greek μέρος (méros).


argon

argon (nominative singular)
argonu (genitive singular)
argonowi (dative singular)
argon (accusative singular)
argonem (instrumental singular)
argonie (locative singular)
argonie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Argon, from Ancient Greek ἀργόν (argón).


acetal

acetal (nominative singular)
acetale (nominative plural)
acetalu (genitive singular)
acetali (genitive plural)
acetalowi (dative singular)
acetalom (dative plural)
acetal (accusative singular)
acetale (accusative plural)
acetalem (instrumental singular)
acetalami (instrumental plural)
acetalu (locative singular)
acetalach (locative plural)
acetalu (singular vocative)
acetale (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English acetal. First attested in 1836.

chapter 3, in Pamiętnik Farmaceutyczny Krakowski, 1836, page 41


acetyl

acetyl (nominative singular)
acetyle (nominative plural)
acetylu (genitive singular)
acetyli (genitive plural)
acetylowi (dative singular)
acetylom (dative plural)
acetyl (accusative singular)
acetyle (accusative plural)
acetylem (instrumental singular)
acetylami (instrumental plural)
acetylu (locative singular)
acetylach (locative plural)
acetylu (singular vocative)
acetyle (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English acetyl. Ultimately from Latin acētum (“vinegar”) + Ancient Greek ὕλη (húlē, “substance”). First attested in 1840.

Seweryn Zdzitowiecki (1840) Rys chemii organicznéj i jej zastosowań : podług dzieła Koehlera Die Chemie in technischer Beziehung, page 14

chlorek acetylu

(organic chemistry) acetyl (the univalent radical CH₃CO- derived from acetic acid)


element

elemencik (diminutive)
element (nominative singular)
elementy (nominative plural)
elementu (genitive singular)
elementów (genitive plural)
elementowi (dative singular)
elementom (dative plural)
element (accusative singular)
elementy (accusative plural)
elementem (instrumental singular)
elementami (instrumental plural)
elemencie (locative singular)
elementach (locative plural)
elemencie (singular vocative)
elementy (plural vocative)

(obsolete, chemistry) element (any one of the simplest chemical substances that cannot be decomposed in a chemical reaction or by any chemical means and made up of atoms all having the same number of protons)


rad

rad (nominative singular)
radu (genitive singular)
radowi (dative singular)
rad (accusative singular)
radem (instrumental singular)
radzie (locative singular)
radzie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin radium.

(chemistry) radium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88)


alkaloid

alkaloid (nominative singular)
alkaloidy (nominative plural)
alkaloidu (genitive singular)
alkaloidów (genitive plural)
alkaloidowi (dative singular)
alkaloidom (dative plural)
alkaloid (accusative singular)
alkaloidy (accusative plural)
alkaloidem (instrumental singular)
alkaloidami (instrumental plural)
alkaloidzie (locative singular)
alkaloidach (locative plural)
alkaloidzie (singular vocative)
alkaloidy (plural vocative)

From alkalia + -oid. First attested in 1822.

Pamiętnik Warszawski (in Polish), numbers T.3, [ner 9], 1822, page 112


amid

amid (nominative singular)
amidy (nominative plural)
amidu (genitive singular)
amidów (genitive plural)
amidowi (dative singular)
amidom (dative plural)
amid (accusative singular)
amidy (accusative plural)
amidem (instrumental singular)
amidami (instrumental plural)
amidzie (locative singular)
amidach (locative plural)
amidzie (singular vocative)
amidy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; ultimately from New Latin am(mōniacum) + -id. First attested in the 19th century.

Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “amid”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861

amid kwasu

grupa amidów

zawierać amid


amyl

amyl (nominative singular)
amylu (genitive singular)
amylowi (dative singular)
amyl (accusative singular)
amylem (instrumental singular)
amylu (locative singular)
amylu (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin amylum (“starch”), from Ancient Greek ἄμυλον (ámulon, “starch”). First attested in 1857.

ref

Jakub Natanson (1857) Krótki rys chemii organicznéj : ze szczególnym względem na rolnictwo, technologią [!] i medycynę. Cz. 1 (in Polish), page 161


LSD

Unadapted borrowing from German LSD, initialism of Lysergsäure-diethylamid.

lysergic acid diethylamide
lysergic acid diethylamide

(organic chemistry) LSD, lysergic acid diethylamide (powerful synthetic hallucinogen)


absolut

absolut (nominative singular)
absoluty (nominative plural)
absolutu (genitive singular)
absolutów (genitive plural)
absolutowi (dative singular)
absolutom (dative plural)
absolut (accusative singular)
absoluty (accusative plural)
absolutem (instrumental singular)
absolutami (instrumental plural)
absolucie (locative singular)
absolutach (locative plural)
absolucie (singular vocative)
absoluty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Absolutes or French absolut, from Latin absolūtus. First attested in 1701–1750.

Wiesław Morawski (28.10.2021) “ABSOLUT”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]


-an

-an (nominative singular)
-any (nominative plural)
-anu (genitive singular)
-anów (genitive plural)
-anowi (dative singular)
-anom (dative plural)
-an (accusative singular)
-any (accusative plural)
-anem (instrumental singular)
-anami (instrumental plural)
-anie (locative singular)
-anach (locative plural)
-anie (singular vocative)
-any (plural vocative)
-an (nominative singular)
-ani (nominative plural)
-any (derogatory nominative plural)
-ana (genitive singular)
-anów (genitive plural)
-anowi (dative singular)
-anom (dative plural)
-ana (accusative singular)
-anów (accusative plural)
-anem (instrumental singular)
-anami (instrumental plural)
-anie (locative singular)
-anach (locative plural)
-anie (singular vocative)
-ani (plural vocative)

chlor (“chlorine”) + -an → chloran (“chlorate”)

(chemistry) -ate, used to form names of derivates of oxyacids whose name ends with -owy (-ic)


-in

-in (nominative singular)
-iny (nominative plural)
-inu (genitive singular)
-inów (genitive plural)
-inowi (dative singular)
-inom (dative plural)
-in (accusative singular)
-iny (accusative plural)
-inem (instrumental singular)
-inami (instrumental plural)
-inie (locative singular)
-inach (locative plural)
-inie (singular vocative)
-iny (plural vocative)
-yn (alternative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Italic *-īnos
Latin -īnusder.
Polish -in
Derived from Latin -īnus.

etymon

arsen + -in → arsenin


-en

-en (nominative singular)
-enu (genitive singular)
-enowi (dative singular)
-en (accusative singular)
-enem (instrumental singular)
-enie (locative singular)
-enie (singular vocative)

Etymology tree
Ancient Greek -νός (-nós)
Ancient Greek -ηνός (-ēnós)der.
Polish -en
Derived from Ancient Greek -ηνός (-ēnós).

der+

acetyl + -en → acetylen


beryl

pl-noun

beryl m inan (related adjective berylowy)

berylowy (adjective)
beryl (nominative singular)
beryle (nominative plural)
berylu (genitive singular)
beryli (genitive plural)
berylowi (dative singular)
berylom (dative plural)
beryl (accusative singular)
beryle (accusative plural)
berylem (instrumental singular)
berylami (instrumental plural)
berylu (locative singular)
berylach (locative plural)
berylu (singular vocative)
beryle (plural vocative)
berył (alternative Middle Polish)

(mineralogy, countable) beryl (mineral of pegmatite deposits)


aryl

aryl (nominative singular)
aryle (nominative plural)
arylu (genitive singular)
aryli (genitive plural)
arylowi (dative singular)
arylom (dative plural)
aryl (accusative singular)
aryle (accusative plural)
arylem (instrumental singular)
arylami (instrumental plural)
arylu (locative singular)
arylach (locative plural)
arylu (singular vocative)
aryle (plural vocative)


enol

enol (nominative singular)
enole (nominative plural)
enolu (genitive singular)
enoli (genitive plural)
enolowi (dative singular)
enolom (dative plural)
enol (accusative singular)
enole (accusative plural)
enolem (instrumental singular)
enolami (instrumental plural)
enolu (locative singular)
enolach (locative plural)
enolu (singular vocative)
enole (plural vocative)


galena

galena (nominative singular)
galeny (genitive singular)
galenie (dative singular)
galenę (accusative singular)
galeną (instrumental singular)
galenie (locative singular)
galeno (singular vocative)


opal

opal (nominative singular)
opale (nominative plural)
opalu (genitive singular)
opali (genitive plural)
opalowi (dative singular)
opalom (dative plural)
opal (accusative singular)
opale (accusative plural)
opalem (instrumental singular)
opalami (instrumental plural)
opalu (locative singular)
opalach (locative plural)
opalu (singular vocative)
opale (plural vocative)


propyl

propyl (nominative singular)
propyle (nominative plural)
propylu (genitive singular)
propyli (genitive plural)
propylowi (dative singular)
propylom (dative plural)
propyl (accusative singular)
propyle (accusative plural)
propylem (instrumental singular)
propylami (instrumental plural)
propylu (locative singular)
propylach (locative plural)
propylu (singular vocative)
propyle (plural vocative)


amyloid

amyloid (nominative singular)
amyloidy (nominative plural)
amyloidu (genitive singular)
amyloidów (genitive plural)
amyloidowi (dative singular)
amyloidom (dative plural)
amyloid (accusative singular)
amyloidy (accusative plural)
amyloidem (instrumental singular)
amyloidami (instrumental plural)
amyloidzie (locative singular)
amyloidach (locative plural)
amyloidzie (singular vocative)
amyloidy (plural vocative)

From amyl + -oid. First attested in 1852.

ref

Szymon Fabian (1852) Farmacya. T. 1, Początki botaniki i zoologii, chemia organiczna i farmakognozya (in Polish), page 61

złogi amyloidu

(medicine, biochemistry) amyloid (protein compound)


androgen

androgen (nominative singular)
androgeny (nominative plural)
androgenu (genitive singular)
androgenów (genitive plural)
androgenowi (dative singular)
androgenom (dative plural)
androgen (accusative singular)
androgeny (accusative plural)
androgenem (instrumental singular)
androgenami (instrumental plural)
androgenie (locative singular)
androgenach (locative plural)
androgenie (singular vocative)
androgeny (plural vocative)

From andro- + gen. First attested in 1884.

Juliusz Słowacki (1884) Genezis z Ducha ; List do J. N. Rembowskiego ; Wykład nauki ; Dziennik z r. 1847-1849 (in Polish), page 86

męskie androgeny


ester

ester (nominative singular)
estry (nominative plural)
estru (genitive singular)
estrów (genitive plural)
estrowi (dative singular)
estrom (dative plural)
ester (accusative singular)
estry (accusative plural)
estrem (instrumental singular)
estrami (instrumental plural)
estrze (locative singular)
estrach (locative plural)
estrze (singular vocative)
estry (plural vocative)


proto-

Derived from Ancient Greek πρωτο- (prōto-).

der+

proto- + -liza → protoliza


forma

pl-noun

forma f (diminutive foremka, related adjective foremny)

foremka (diminutive)
foremny (adjective)
forma (nominative singular)
formy (nominative plural)
formy (genitive singular)
form (genitive plural)
formie (dative singular)
formom (dative plural)
formę (accusative singular)
formy (accusative plural)
formą (instrumental singular)
formami (instrumental plural)
formie (locative singular)
formach (locative plural)
formo (singular vocative)
formy (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: fòrma

(obsolete, crystallography) form (combination of planes included under a general crystallographic symbol)


octan

octan (nominative singular)
octany (nominative plural)
octanu (genitive singular)
octanów (genitive plural)
octanowi (dative singular)
octanom (dative plural)
octan (accusative singular)
octany (accusative plural)
octanem (instrumental singular)
octanami (instrumental plural)
octanie (locative singular)
octanach (locative plural)
octanie (singular vocative)
octany (plural vocative)

(organic chemistry) acetate (salt or ester of acetic acid)


gluten

gluten (nominative singular)
glutenu (genitive singular)
glutenowi (dative singular)
gluten (accusative singular)
glutenem (instrumental singular)
glutenie (locative singular)
glutenie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin glūten. Doublet of glut and glutyna.

(cooking, biochemistry) gluten (the major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread)


agat

agatowy (adjective)
agat (nominative singular)
agaty (nominative plural)
agatu (genitive singular)
agatów (genitive plural)
agatowi (dative singular)
agatom (dative plural)
agat (accusative singular)
agaty (accusative plural)
agatem (instrumental singular)
agatami (instrumental plural)
agacie (locative singular)
agatach (locative plural)
agacie (singular vocative)
agaty (plural vocative)
achat (alternative Middle Polish)
achatek (alternative Middle Polish)
achates (alternative Middle Polish)
agatek (alternative Middle Polish)

agat oprawiony w coś

przepiękne agaty

agat mszysty

wykonany z agatu

(mineralogy) agate (semitransparent, uncrystallized silicate mineral and semiprecious stone, presenting various tints in the same specimen, with colors delicately arranged and often curved in parallel alternating dark and light stripes or bands, or blended in clouds; various authorities call it a variety of chalcedony, a variety of quartz, or a combination of the two)


steroid

steroid m inan (related adjective steroidowy)

steroidowy (adjective)
steroid (nominative singular)
steroidy (nominative plural)
steroidu (genitive singular)
steroidów (genitive plural)
steroidowi (dative singular)
steroidom (dative plural)
steroid (accusative singular)
steroidy (accusative plural)
steroidem (instrumental singular)
steroidami (instrumental plural)
steroidzie (locative singular)
steroidach (locative plural)
steroidzie (singular vocative)
steroidy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English steroid. Doublet of steryd.

(biochemistry) steroid (class of organic compounds)


cholesterol

cholesterol m inan (related adjective cholesterolowy)

cholesterolowy (adjective)
cholesterol (nominative singular)
cholesterolu (genitive singular)
cholesterolowi (dative singular)
cholesterol (accusative singular)
cholesterolem (instrumental singular)
cholesterolu (locative singular)
cholesterolu (singular vocative)

Orthographic borrowing from English cholesterol.

obor

(organic chemistry) cholesterol (essential component of mammalian cell membranes)


ferment

ferment (nominative singular)
fermenty (nominative plural)
fermentu (genitive singular)
fermentów (genitive plural)
fermentowi (dative singular)
fermentom (dative plural)
ferment (accusative singular)
fermenty (accusative plural)
fermentem (instrumental singular)
fermentami (instrumental plural)
fermencie (locative singular)
fermentach (locative plural)
fermencie (singular vocative)
fermenty (plural vocative)


produkt

pl-noun

produkt m inan (related adjective produktowy)

produktowy (adjective)
produkt (nominative singular)
produkty (nominative plural)
produktu (genitive singular)
produktów (genitive plural)
produktowi (dative singular)
produktom (dative plural)
produkt (accusative singular)
produkty (accusative plural)
produktem (instrumental singular)
produktami (instrumental plural)
produkcie (locative singular)
produktach (locative plural)
produkcie (singular vocative)
produkty (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: produkt

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Produkt or English produkt, ultimately from Latin prōductus. First attested in the 16th century.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “produkt”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(chemistry) product (chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction)


acyl

acyl (nominative singular)
acylu (genitive singular)
acylowi (dative singular)
acyl (accusative singular)
acylem (instrumental singular)
acylu (locative singular)
acylu (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English acyl. First attested in 1900.

Rozprawy Akademii Umiejętności: Wydział Matematyczno-Przyrodniczy (in Polish), 1900, page 134

chlorek acylu

(organic chemistry) acyl (any of class of organic radicals, RCO-, formed by the removal of a hydroxyl group from a carboxylic acid)


znak

pl-noun

znak m inan (diminutive znaczek, related adjective znakowy)

znaczek (diminutive)
znakowy (adjective)
znak (nominative singular)
znaki (nominative plural)
znaku (genitive singular)
znaków (genitive plural)
znakowi (dative singular)
znakom (dative plural)
znak (accusative singular)
znaki (accusative plural)
znakiem (instrumental singular)
znakami (instrumental plural)
znaku (locative singular)
znakach (locative plural)
znaku (singular vocative)
znaki (plural vocative)


soda

soda (nominative singular)
sody (nominative plural)
sody (genitive singular)
sód (genitive plural)
sodzie (dative singular)
sodom (dative plural)
sodę (accusative singular)
sody (accusative plural)
sodą (instrumental singular)
sodami (instrumental plural)
sodzie (locative singular)
sodach (locative plural)
sodo (singular vocative)
sody (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare German Soda, Italian soda, Spanish soda, ultimately from Medieval Latin soda, from Arabic سُوَيْدَاء (suwaydāʔ). Doublet of sód.

(chemistry) soda, sodium carbonate, washing soda

(baking, chemistry) baking soda, soda, sodium bicarbonate


mediator

mediator (nominative singular)
mediatory (nominative plural)
mediatora (genitive singular)
mediatorów (genitive plural)
mediatorowi (dative singular)
mediatorom (dative plural)
mediator (accusative singular)
mediatory (accusative plural)
mediatorem (instrumental singular)
mediatorami (instrumental plural)
mediatorze (locative singular)
mediatorach (locative plural)
mediatorze (singular vocative)
mediatory (plural vocative)

(biochemistry, neuroscience) mediator (chemical substance transmitting information to a targeted cell)


sól

solny (adjective)
sól (nominative singular)
sole (nominative plural)
soli (genitive singular)
soli (genitive plural)
soli (dative singular)
solom (dative plural)
sól (accusative singular)
sole (accusative plural)
solą (instrumental singular)
solami (instrumental plural)
soli (locative singular)
solach (locative plural)
soli (singular vocative)
sole (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish sól, from Proto-Slavic *sȍlь.


alabaster

alabaster (nominative singular)
alabastry (nominative plural)
alabastru (genitive singular)
alabastrów (genitive plural)
alabastrowi (dative singular)
alabastrom (dative plural)
alabaster (accusative singular)
alabastry (accusative plural)
alabastrem (instrumental singular)
alabastrami (instrumental plural)
alabastrze (locative singular)
alabastrach (locative plural)
alabastrze (singular vocative)
alabastry (plural vocative)
alabastr (alternative obsolete)

kopalnia alabastru

(zrobiony, wykonany) z alabastru

(mineralogy) alabaster (fine-grained white or lightly-tinted variety of gypsum)


neurotransmiter

neurotransmiter (nominative singular)
neurotransmitery (nominative plural)
neurotransmitera (genitive singular)
neurotransmiterów (genitive plural)
neurotransmiterowi (dative singular)
neurotransmiterom (dative plural)
neurotransmiter (accusative singular)
neurotransmitery (accusative plural)
neurotransmiterem (instrumental singular)
neurotransmiterami (instrumental plural)
neurotransmiterze (locative singular)
neurotransmiterach (locative plural)
neurotransmiterze (singular vocative)
neurotransmitery (plural vocative)

(biochemistry, neuroscience) neuromediator, neurotransmitter


drzewo

drzewo n (diminutive drzewko, related adjective drzewny)

drzewko (diminutive)
drzewny (adjective)
drzewo (nominative singular)
drzewa (nominative plural)
drzewa (genitive singular)
drzew (genitive plural)
drzewu (dative singular)
drzewom (dative plural)
drzewo (accusative singular)
drzewa (accusative plural)
drzewem (instrumental singular)
drzewami (instrumental plural)
drzewie (locative singular)
drzewach (locative plural)
drzewo (singular vocative)
drzewa (plural vocative)

(countable, obsolete, chemistry) tree (mass of crystals, aggregated in arborescent forms, obtained by precipitation of a metal from solution)


gaz

gaz m inan (diminutive gazik, related adjective gazowy)

gazik (diminutive)
gazowy (adjective)
gaz (nominative singular)
gazy (nominative plural)
gazu (genitive singular)
gazów (genitive plural)
gazowi (dative singular)
gazom (dative plural)
gaz (accusative singular)
gazy (accusative plural)
gazem (instrumental singular)
gazami (instrumental plural)
gazie (locative singular)
gazach (locative plural)
gazie (singular vocative)
gazy (plural vocative)
gaza (alternative)

→ Kashubian: gaz

Borrowed from French gaz. First attested in the end of the 19th century. Compare Silesian gaz.

ref

Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “gaz”, in Słownik języka polskiego

(countable, chemistry) gas (matter in an intermediate state between liquid and plasma that can be contained only if it is fully surrounded by a solid; chemical element or compound in such a state)


ozon

ozon (nominative singular)
ozonu (genitive singular)
ozonowi (dative singular)
ozon (accusative singular)
ozonem (instrumental singular)
ozonie (locative singular)
ozonie (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English ozone, French ozone, German Ozon, ultimately from Ancient Greek ὄζον (ózon).


amon

amon (nominative singular)
amony (nominative plural)
amonu (genitive singular)
amonów (genitive plural)
amonowi (dative singular)
amonom (dative plural)
amon (accusative singular)
amony (accusative plural)
amonem (instrumental singular)
amonami (instrumental plural)
amonie (locative singular)
amonach (locative plural)
amonie (singular vocative)
amony (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin ammonium, from Latin ammōniacum. First attested in the 19th centeury.

ref

amon in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego


-ol

-ol (nominative singular)
-ole (nominative plural)
-ola (genitive singular)
-oli (genitive plural)
-olowi (dative singular)
-olom (dative plural)
-ola (accusative singular)
-oli (accusative plural)
-olem (instrumental singular)
-olami (instrumental plural)
-olu (locative singular)
-olach (locative plural)
-olu (singular vocative)
-ole (plural vocative)

(organic chemistry) forms names of alcohols


inhibitor

inhibitor (nominative singular)
inhibitory (nominative plural)
inhibitora (genitive singular)
inhibitorów (genitive plural)
inhibitorowi (dative singular)
inhibitorom (dative plural)
inhibitor (accusative singular)
inhibitory (accusative plural)
inhibitorem (instrumental singular)
inhibitorami (instrumental plural)
inhibitorze (locative singular)
inhibitorach (locative plural)
inhibitorze (singular vocative)
inhibitory (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English inhibitor, French inhibiteur, German Inhibitor.


benzofuran

benzofuran (nominative singular)
benzofuranu (genitive singular)
benzofuranowi (dative singular)
benzofuran (accusative singular)
benzofuranem (instrumental singular)
benzofuranie (locative singular)
benzofuranie (singular vocative)


chloroform

pl-noun

chloroform m inan (related adjective chloroformowy)

chloroformowy (adjective)
chloroform (nominative singular)
chloroformu (genitive singular)
chloroformowi (dative singular)
chloroform (accusative singular)
chloroformem (instrumental singular)
chloroformie (locative singular)
chloroformie (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English chloroform, French chloroforme, German Chloroform.


mol

mol m inan (related adjective molowy or molalny)

molowy (adjective)
molalny (adjective)
mol (nominative singular)
mole (nominative plural)
mola (genitive singular)
moli (genitive plural)
molowi (dative singular)
molom (dative plural)
mol (accusative singular)
mole (accusative plural)
molem (instrumental singular)
molami (instrumental plural)
molu (locative singular)
molach (locative plural)
molu (singular vocative)
mole (plural vocative)

(chemistry, physics) mole (unit of amount)

(chemistry, physics) gram molecule (amount of a compound whose mass in grams is that of its molecular weight)


receptor

receptor (nominative singular)
receptorzy (nominative plural)
receptory (derogatory nominative plural)
receptora (genitive singular)
receptorów (genitive plural)
receptorowi (dative singular)
receptorom (dative plural)
receptora (accusative singular)
receptorów (accusative plural)
receptorem (instrumental singular)
receptorami (instrumental plural)
receptorze (locative singular)
receptorach (locative plural)
receptorze (singular vocative)
receptorzy (plural vocative)

(biochemistry, medicine) sensory receptor (protein on a cell wall that responds to sensory stimuli)


ciało

ciało n (diminutive ciałko, augmentative cielsko, related adjective cielesny)

ciałko (diminutive)
cielsko (augmentative)
cielesny (adjective)
ciało (nominative singular)
ciała (nominative plural)
ciała (genitive singular)
ciał (genitive plural)
ciału (dative singular)
ciałom (dative plural)
ciało (accusative singular)
ciała (accusative plural)
ciałem (instrumental singular)
ciałami (instrumental plural)
ciele (locative singular)
ciałach (locative plural)
ciało (singular vocative)
ciała (plural vocative)
ciele (alternative)

Inherited from Old Polish ciało. Sense 5 is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma) and Latin corpus. Sense 6 is a semantic loan from Latin corpus. Sense 7 is a semantic loan from French corps.

sl

(countable, chemistry, physics) body (object with specific physical or chemical properties)


telomer

telomer (nominative singular)
telomery (nominative plural)
telomeru (genitive singular)
telomerów (genitive plural)
telomerowi (dative singular)
telomerom (dative plural)
telomer (accusative singular)
telomery (accusative plural)
telomerem (instrumental singular)
telomerami (instrumental plural)
telomerze (locative singular)
telomerach (locative plural)
telomerze (singular vocative)
telomery (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek τέλος (télos) + μέρος (méros).

(chemistry) telomer (extremely small polymer)


reforming

reforming (nominative singular)
reformingu (genitive singular)
reformingowi (dative singular)
reforming (accusative singular)
reformingiem (instrumental singular)
reformingu (locative singular)
reformingu (singular vocative)

(chemistry) reforming (catalytic process, whereby short-chain molecules are combined to make larger ones; used in the petrochemical industry)


teflon

pl-noun

teflon m inan (related adjective teflonowy)

teflonowy (adjective)
teflon (nominative singular)
teflonu (genitive singular)
teflonowi (dative singular)
teflon (accusative singular)
teflonem (instrumental singular)
teflonie (locative singular)
teflonie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Teflon. Genericized trademark.

(organic chemistry) teflon, polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE


realgar

realgar (nominative singular)
realgary (nominative plural)
realgaru (genitive singular)
realgarów (genitive plural)
realgarowi (dative singular)
realgarom (dative plural)
realgar (accusative singular)
realgary (accusative plural)
realgarem (instrumental singular)
realgarami (instrumental plural)
realgarze (locative singular)
realgarach (locative plural)
realgarze (singular vocative)
realgary (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin realgar, from Arabic رَهْج اَلْغَار (rahj al-ḡār).

der

رَهْج اَلْغَار


adsorbent

adsorbent (nominative singular)
adsorbenty (nominative plural)
adsorbentu (genitive singular)
adsorbentów (genitive plural)
adsorbentowi (dative singular)
adsorbentom (dative plural)
adsorbent (accusative singular)
adsorbenty (accusative plural)
adsorbentem (instrumental singular)
adsorbentami (instrumental plural)
adsorbencie (locative singular)
adsorbentach (locative plural)
adsorbencie (singular vocative)
adsorbenty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English adsorbent, from Latin ad- + sorbeō. First attested in 1910.

ref

adsorbent in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

adsorbent mikroporowaty

powierzchnia adsorbentu

(chemistry, physics) adsorbent (the solid or liquid in the process of adsorption on which the adsorbate accumulates)


adrenalina

adrenalina (nominative singular)
adrenaliny (genitive singular)
adrenalinie (dative singular)
adrenalinę (accusative singular)
adrenaliną (instrumental singular)
adrenalinie (locative singular)
adrenalino (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French adrénaline, from English adrenalina, from Latin ad- + Latin rēnālis + -ina, coined by Japanese chemist Takamine Jōkichi in 1901. Genericized trademark. First attested in 1901.

coin

(biochemistry) adrenaline (epinephrine, the hormone and neurotransmitter)


adular

adular (nominative singular)
adulary (nominative plural)
adularu (genitive singular)
adularów (genitive plural)
adularowi (dative singular)
adularom (dative plural)
adular (accusative singular)
adulary (accusative plural)
adularem (instrumental singular)
adularami (instrumental plural)
adularze (locative singular)
adularach (locative plural)
adularze (singular vocative)
adulary (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Adular. First attested in 1827.

ref

Ignacy Jakowicki (1827) Wykład oryktognozyi i początków geognozyi, page 119


asfalten

asfalten (nominative singular)
asfalteny (nominative plural)
asfaltenu (genitive singular)
asfaltenów (genitive plural)
asfaltenowi (dative singular)
asfaltenom (dative plural)
asfalten (accusative singular)
asfalteny (accusative plural)
asfaltenem (instrumental singular)
asfaltenami (instrumental plural)
asfaltenie (locative singular)
asfaltenach (locative plural)
asfaltenie (singular vocative)
asfalteny (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English asphaltene.


acetat

acetat (nominative singular)
acetaty (nominative plural)
acetatu (genitive singular)
acetatów (genitive plural)
acetatowi (dative singular)
acetatom (dative plural)
acetat (accusative singular)
acetaty (accusative plural)
acetatem (instrumental singular)
acetatami (instrumental plural)
acetacie (locative singular)
acetatach (locative plural)
acetacie (singular vocative)
acetaty (plural vocative)

From Latin acētum + -at. First attested in 1862.

Maurycy Hryszkiewicz (1862) Przyjaciel domu homeopata, udzielający dobrą poradę we wszelkich chorobach i dolegliwościach ludzkich : ułożony szczególnie dla wieśniaków (in Polish), page 28

(organic chemistry) acetate (any ester or salt of acetic acid)


osad

osad (nominative singular)
osady (nominative plural)
osadu (genitive singular)
osadów (genitive plural)
osadowi (dative singular)
osadom (dative plural)
osad (accusative singular)
osady (accusative plural)
osadem (instrumental singular)
osadami (instrumental plural)
osadzie (locative singular)
osadach (locative plural)
osadzie (singular vocative)
osady (plural vocative)


alkan

alkan (nominative singular)
alkany (nominative plural)
alkanu (genitive singular)
alkanów (genitive plural)
alkanowi (dative singular)
alkanom (dative plural)
alkan (accusative singular)
alkany (accusative plural)
alkanem (instrumental singular)
alkanami (instrumental plural)
alkanie (locative singular)
alkanach (locative plural)
alkanie (singular vocative)
alkany (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English alkane, French alcane, and German Alkan, ultimately from Arabic اَلْقِلْي (al-qily).


adsorber

adsorber (nominative singular)
adsorbery (nominative plural)
adsorbera (genitive singular)
adsorberów (genitive plural)
adsorberowi (dative singular)
adsorberom (dative plural)
adsorber (accusative singular)
adsorbery (accusative plural)
adsorberem (instrumental singular)
adsorberami (instrumental plural)
adsorberze (locative singular)
adsorberach (locative plural)
adsorberze (singular vocative)
adsorbery (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English adsorber, from Latin ad- + sorbeō. By surface analysis, adsorbować + -er. First attested in 1923.

adsorber in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

(chemistry, physics) adsorber (something which adsorbs, especially a solid material, such as activated carbon, that has a high surface area and is used to capture a gas or liquid)


-yn

-yn (nominative singular)
-yny (nominative plural)
-ynu (genitive singular)
-ynów (genitive plural)
-ynowi (dative singular)
-ynom (dative plural)
-yn (accusative singular)
-yny (accusative plural)
-ynem (instrumental singular)
-ynami (instrumental plural)
-ynie (locative singular)
-ynach (locative plural)
-ynie (singular vocative)
-yny (plural vocative)

chlor (“chlorine”) + -yn → chloryn (“chlorite”)


propanol

propanol (nominative singular)
propanolu (genitive singular)
propanolowi (dative singular)
propanol (accusative singular)
propanolem (instrumental singular)
propanolu (locative singular)
propanolu (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English propanol.

(organic chemistry) propanol (either of two isomeric aliphatic alcohols, C₃H₇-OH)


butanol

butanol (nominative singular)
butanolu (genitive singular)
butanolowi (dative singular)
butanol (accusative singular)
butanolem (instrumental singular)
butanolu (locative singular)
butanolu (singular vocative)

(organic chemistry) butanol (any of four isomeric aliphatic alcohols, C₄H₉-OH)


biosensor

biosensor (nominative singular)
biosensory (nominative plural)
biosensora (genitive singular)
biosensorów (genitive plural)
biosensorowi (dative singular)
biosensorom (dative plural)
biosensor (accusative singular)
biosensory (accusative plural)
biosensorem (instrumental singular)
biosensorami (instrumental plural)
biosensorze (locative singular)
biosensorach (locative plural)
biosensorze (singular vocative)
biosensory (plural vocative)

From bio- + sensor. First attested in 1984.

(biochemistry) biosensor (device that detects, records or transmits physiological data)


korund

korund (nominative singular)
korundy (nominative plural)
korundu (genitive singular)
korundów (genitive plural)
korundowi (dative singular)
korundom (dative plural)
korund (accusative singular)
korundy (accusative plural)
korundem (instrumental singular)
korundami (instrumental plural)
korundzie (locative singular)
korundach (locative plural)
korundzie (singular vocative)
korundy (plural vocative)


amoniak

pl-noun

amoniak m inan (related adjective amoniakalny or amoniakowyn)

amoniakalny (adjective)
amoniakowyn (adjective)
amoniak (nominative singular)
amoniaku (genitive singular)
amoniakowi (dative singular)
amoniak (accusative singular)
amoniakiem (instrumental singular)
amoniaku (locative singular)
amoniaku (singular vocative)
armonijak (alternative Middle Polish)
armoniak (alternative Middle Polish)
amonjak (alternative)
amóniák (alternative)

(inorganic chemistry) ammonia (chemical compound NH₃)

(chemistry) ammonia (aqueous solution of this gas which is a weak base)


tabun

tabun (nominative singular)
tabuny (nominative plural)
tabunu (genitive singular)
tabunów (genitive plural)
tabunowi (dative singular)
tabunom (dative plural)
tabun (accusative singular)
tabuny (accusative plural)
tabunem (instrumental singular)
tabunami (instrumental plural)
tabunie (locative singular)
tabunach (locative plural)
tabunie (singular vocative)
tabuny (plural vocative)

(organic chemistry) tabun (extremely toxic synthetic organophosphorus compound)


aspartam

aspartam (nominative singular)
aspartamu (genitive singular)
aspartamowi (dative singular)
aspartam (accusative singular)
aspartamem (instrumental singular)
aspartamie (locative singular)
aspartamie (singular vocative)


betakaroten

betakaroten (nominative singular)
betakarotenu (genitive singular)
betakarotenowi (dative singular)
betakaroten (accusative singular)
betakarotenem (instrumental singular)
betakarotenie (locative singular)
betakarotenie (singular vocative)

(biochemistry) Alternative spelling of beta-karoten


grupa

grupa f (diminutive grupka, related adjective grupowy)

grupka (diminutive)
grupowy (adjective)
grupa (nominative singular)
grupy (nominative plural)
grupy (genitive singular)
grup (genitive plural)
grupie (dative singular)
grupom (dative plural)
grupę (accusative singular)
grupy (accusative plural)
grupą (instrumental singular)
grupami (instrumental plural)
grupie (locative singular)
grupach (locative plural)
grupo (singular vocative)
grupy (plural vocative)

→ Silesian: grupa

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Gruppe, French groupe, or Italian gruppo, ultimately from Latin grupus. First attested in 1765.

ref

Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “grupa”, in Słownik języka polskiego

(chemistry) group (a column in the periodic table of chemical elements)


kompleks

kompleks (nominative singular)
kompleksy (nominative plural)
kompleksu (genitive singular)
kompleksów (genitive plural)
kompleksowi (dative singular)
kompleksom (dative plural)
kompleks (accusative singular)
kompleksy (accusative plural)
kompleksem (instrumental singular)
kompleksami (instrumental plural)
kompleksie (locative singular)
kompleksach (locative plural)
kompleksie (singular vocative)
kompleksy (plural vocative)

(chemistry) complex (psychologically based dislike or fear)


kontakt

pl-noun

kontakt m inan (related adjective kontaktowy)

kontaktowy (adjective)
kontakt (nominative singular)
kontakty (nominative plural)
kontaktu (genitive singular)
kontaktów (genitive plural)
kontaktowi (dative singular)
kontaktom (dative plural)
kontakt (accusative singular)
kontakty (accusative plural)
kontaktem (instrumental singular)
kontaktami (instrumental plural)
kontakcie (locative singular)
kontaktach (locative plural)
kontakcie (singular vocative)
kontakty (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: kòntakt

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from French contact or German Kontakt, ultimately from Latin contāctus. First attested in 1745–1747. Semantic loan from German Kontakt. Compare Silesian kōntakt.

ref

“Materiały źródłowe do dziejów kultury i sztuki XVI-XVIII w.”, in Materiały źródłowe do dziejów kultury i sztuki XVI-XVIII w., opr. M. Gębarowicz, Wrocław- Warszawa-Kraków. (in Polish), 1745-1747, published 1983, Trzy umowy między Sebastianem Fensingerem rzeźbiarzem a trynitarzami lwowskimi z 1745, 1746 i 1747 r., page 374: “Kontakt z Panem Sebestianem Fesingerem Snicerzem, na ołtarz S. Jana Nepomucena do Ś. Mikołaja.”

(chemistry) Ellipsis of katalizator kontaktowy (“contact catalyst”).


metateza

metateza (nominative singular)
metatezy (nominative plural)
metatezy (genitive singular)
metatez (genitive plural)
metatezie (dative singular)
metatezom (dative plural)
metatezę (accusative singular)
metatezy (accusative plural)
metatezą (instrumental singular)
metatezami (instrumental plural)
metatezie (locative singular)
metatezach (locative plural)
metatezo (singular vocative)
metatezy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin metathesis, from Ancient Greek μετάθεσις (metáthesis).

lbor

(organic chemistry) metathesis (the breaking and reforming of double bonds in olefins in which substituent groups are swapped)


jaspis

jaspis (nominative singular)
jaspisy (nominative plural)
jaspisu (genitive singular)
jaspisów (genitive plural)
jaspisowi (dative singular)
jaspisom (dative plural)
jaspis (accusative singular)
jaspisy (accusative plural)
jaspisem (instrumental singular)
jaspisami (instrumental plural)
jaspisie (locative singular)
jaspisach (locative plural)
jaspisie (singular vocative)
jaspisy (plural vocative)


cukier

pl-noun

cukier m inan (related adjective cukrowy)

cukrowy (adjective)
cukier (nominative singular)
cukry (nominative plural)
cukru (genitive singular)
cukrów (genitive plural)
cukrowi (dative singular)
cukrom (dative plural)
cukier (accusative singular)
cukry (accusative plural)
cukrem (instrumental singular)
cukrami (instrumental plural)
cukrze (locative singular)
cukrach (locative plural)
cukrze (singular vocative)
cukry (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: цꙋкоръ (cukor), цю́коръ (cjúkor), цу́коръ (cúkor), цю́коръ (cjúkor)
Belarusian: цу́кар (cúkar)
Carpathian Rusyn: цу́кор (cúkor)
Ukrainian: цу́кор (cúkor); цу́кар (cúkar), цу́кер (cúker), цу́кур (cúkur) (dialectal)
Belarusian: цу́кар (cúkar)
Carpathian Rusyn: цу́кор (cúkor)
Ukrainian: цу́кор (cúkor); цу́кар (cúkar), цу́кер (cúker), цу́кур (cúkur) (dialectal)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Aryan *śárkaraH
Sanskrit शर्करा (śarkarā)bor.
Middle Persian 𐭱𐭪𐭥 (škʿ)bor.
Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar)bor.
Italian zuccherobor.
Middle High German zuckerbor.
Old Polish cukier
Polish cukier
Inherited from Old Polish cukier.

etymon

(biochemistry) saccharide (the unit structure of carbohydrates, of general formula CₙH₂ₙOₙ)


proteina

proteina (nominative singular)
proteiny (nominative plural)
proteiny (genitive singular)
protein (genitive plural)
proteinie (dative singular)
proteinom (dative plural)
proteinę (accusative singular)
proteiny (accusative plural)
proteiną (instrumental singular)
proteinami (instrumental plural)
proteinie (locative singular)
proteinach (locative plural)
proteino (singular vocative)
proteiny (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English protein, French protéine, German Protein, ultimately from Ancient Greek πρωτεῖος (prōteîos).

(biochemistry) protein (large, complex molecule composed of long chains of amino acids)


interferon

pl-noun

interferon m inan (related adjective interferonowy)

interferonowy (adjective)
interferon (nominative singular)
interferony (nominative plural)
interferonu (genitive singular)
interferonów (genitive plural)
interferonowi (dative singular)
interferonom (dative plural)
interferon (accusative singular)
interferony (accusative plural)
interferonem (instrumental singular)
interferonami (instrumental plural)
interferonie (locative singular)
interferonach (locative plural)
interferonie (singular vocative)
interferony (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from English interferon. First attested in 1970.

lbor

interferon alfa

Działanie immunosupresyjne glikokortykosteroidów wiąże się m.in. z hamowaniem uwalniania interleukin IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, czynnika nekrozy nowotworu (TNF-a), interferonu g.

1988, Inga Chlewicka, Marek Pawlikowski, Leczenie hormonami i pochodnymi hormonów [Treatment with hormones and hormone derivatives], 2. corrected and expanded edition, quoted in Korpus Języka Polskiego PWN, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Lekarskie: Państwowy Zakład Wydawnictw Lekarskich, published 1996, →ISBN:

The immunosuppressive effect of glucocorticosteroids is associated with, among others, the inhibition of the release of interleukins IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-a), and interferon g.

Do walki wkraczają przeciwciała, limfocyty, i interferony, mające zdolność hamowania replikacji (namnażania) wirusów.

1995, Katarzyna Sułek, “Wirus zatrzymał się w Eboli”, in Polityka, number 21, quoted in Korpus Języka Polskiego PWN; Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego, Warszawa: Polityka, →ISSN, →OCLC:

Antibodies, lymphocytes, and interferons, which have the ability to inhibit the replication (multiplication) of viruses, enter the fray.

Stymulowane interferonem makrofagi nie tylko skuteczniej fagocytują mikroorganizmy, ale przede wszystkim stają się cytotoksyczne wobec, na przykład, komórek nowotworowych.

2017, Maśliński, Włodzimierz, Kontna, Ewa, editors, Podstawy immunologii dla reumatologów [Basic immunology for rheumatologists], Warszawa: Narodowy Instytut Geriatrii, Reumatologii, i Rehabilitacji im[ienia]. prof[esora]. d[okto]r[a] hab[ilitowanego]. med[ycyny]. E[leonory]. Reicher, published 2017, →ISBN, page 133, lines 4–6:

Interferon-stimulated macrophages not only phagocytose microorganisms more effectively, but most importantly become cytotoxic against, for example, cancer cells.

(biochemistry) interferon (any of a group of glycoproteins, that prevent viral replication in infected cells)


żółć

żółć (nominative singular)
żółci (genitive singular)
żółci (dative singular)
żółć (accusative singular)
żółcią (instrumental singular)
żółci (locative singular)
żółci (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zьlčь (“bile”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źulʔ-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰlh₃-. Related to *zelenъ and was under influence of *žьltъ.

inh+

Ponieważ żółć pęcherzykowa ma mocniéyszy kolor, większą gorycz i iest gęstsza od téy, która prosto z wątroby do kiszek udaie się […]

1820, Sylwan: Dziennik nauk leśnych i Myśliwych, volume I, page 63:

Because blister bile has a stronger color, a stronger bitterness, and is thicker than the bile straight from liver, it is useful for guts […]

Następuje emulgowanie tłuszczu i w tym procesie największą rolę odgrywa żółć.

1986, Krystyna Flis, Wanda Konaszewska, Podstawy żywienia człowieka, WSiP, →ISBN, page 99:

Next is the emulsification of fat and bile plays the biggest role here.

Po przejściu z kanalików do przewodzików żółciowych, a następnie do głównych przewodów żółciowych, żółć podlega dalszej reabsorpcji i wydzielaniu.

2013, Courtney M. Townsend, Chirurgia Sabiston, Elsevier Health Sciences, →ISBN, page 376:

After passing through from the channels do the biliary ductules, and then to the main biliary ductules, bile undergoes further reabsorbtion and emission.

(biochemistry) bile (liquid produced by the liver)


arginina

arginina (nominative singular)
argininy (genitive singular)
argininie (dative singular)
argininę (accusative singular)
argininą (instrumental singular)
argininie (locative singular)
arginino (singular vocative)


albumina

albumina (nominative singular)
albuminy (nominative plural)
albuminy (genitive singular)
albumin (genitive plural)
albuminie (dative singular)
albuminom (dative plural)
albuminę (accusative singular)
albuminy (accusative plural)
albuminą (instrumental singular)
albuminami (instrumental plural)
albuminie (locative singular)
albuminach (locative plural)
albumino (singular vocative)
albuminy (plural vocative)
albumin (alternative obsolete)

From Latin albūmen + -ina. First attested in 1807.

ref

Jędrzej Śniadecki (1807) Początki chemii dla uzycia słuchaczow akademickich ułozone. T. 2 (in Polish), page 117

albumina in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

ludzka albumina

albumina znakowana

surowicza albumina wołowa

wydalanie albumin z moczem

stężenie albumin

roztwór albuminy

zawartość albumin

poziom albumin

albuminy osocza

albumina jaja

przyjmować albuminę


albit

albit (nominative singular)
albity (nominative plural)
albitu (genitive singular)
albitów (genitive plural)
albitowi (dative singular)
albitom (dative plural)
albit (accusative singular)
albity (accusative plural)
albitem (instrumental singular)
albitami (instrumental plural)
albicie (locative singular)
albitach (locative plural)
albicie (singular vocative)
albity (plural vocative)

From Latin albus + -it. First attested in 1825.

Dziennik Wileński (in Polish), number T.2, nr 5, 1825, page 97

albit in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego


aceton

aceton (nominative singular)
acetonu (genitive singular)
acetonowi (dative singular)
aceton (accusative singular)
acetonem (instrumental singular)
acetonie (locative singular)
acetonie (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English acetone. Ultimately from Latin acētum. First attested in 1839.

Richard Felix Marchand (1839) Zasady chemii. Cz. 2, Chemia organiczna Marchanda, page 46

nadtlenek acetonu

zapach acetonu

baza acetonu

produkcja aceton

(organic chemistry) acetone (a colourless, volatile, flammable liquid ketone, (CH₃)₂CO, used as a solvent)


alkoholan

alkoholan (nominative singular)
alkoholany (nominative plural)
alkoholanu (genitive singular)
alkoholanów (genitive plural)
alkoholanowi (dative singular)
alkoholanom (dative plural)
alkoholan (accusative singular)
alkoholany (accusative plural)
alkoholanem (instrumental singular)
alkoholanami (instrumental plural)
alkoholanie (locative singular)
alkoholanach (locative plural)
alkoholanie (singular vocative)
alkoholany (plural vocative)

From alkohol + -an. First attested in 1859.

Samuel Orgelbrand (1859) Encyklopedyja powszechna. T. 1, (A-Aos). (in Polish), page 481

alkoholan in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

(organic chemistry) alcoholate, alkoxide (crystalline salt containing alcohol in place of water of crystallization)


agregat

agregat (nominative singular)
agregaty (nominative plural)
agregatu (genitive singular)
agregatów (genitive plural)
agregatowi (dative singular)
agregatom (dative plural)
agregat (accusative singular)
agregaty (accusative plural)
agregatem (instrumental singular)
agregatami (instrumental plural)
agregacie (locative singular)
agregatach (locative plural)
agregacie (singular vocative)
agregaty (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English aggregate. Possibly borrowed from German Aggregat or French agrégat, ultimately from Latin aggregātus. First attested in 1825.

(chemistry, physics) aggregate (mass formed by the union of homogeneous particles)


anoda

anoda (nominative singular)
anody (nominative plural)
anody (genitive singular)
anod (genitive plural)
anodzie (dative singular)
anodom (dative plural)
anodę (accusative singular)
anody (accusative plural)
anodą (instrumental singular)
anodami (instrumental plural)
anodzie (locative singular)
anodach (locative plural)
anodo (singular vocative)
anody (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English anode, from Ancient Greek ἀνα (ana) + Ancient Greek ὁδός (hodós). Doublet of nachód (“invasion”).

(chemistry, electricity) anode (electrode of an electrochemical cell at which oxidation occurs)


katoda

katoda (nominative singular)
katody (nominative plural)
katody (genitive singular)
katod (genitive plural)
katodzie (dative singular)
katodom (dative plural)
katodę (accusative singular)
katody (accusative plural)
katodą (instrumental singular)
katodami (instrumental plural)
katodzie (locative singular)
katodach (locative plural)
katodo (singular vocative)
katody (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English cathode, French cathode, German Kathode, ultimately from Ancient Greek κατα- (kata-) + ὁδός (hodós).

(chemistry, electricity) cathode (electrode through which current flows outward)


akceptor

akceptor (nominative singular)
akceptory (nominative plural)
akceptora (genitive singular)
akceptorów (genitive plural)
akceptorowi (dative singular)
akceptorom (dative plural)
akceptor (accusative singular)
akceptory (accusative plural)
akceptorem (instrumental singular)
akceptorami (instrumental plural)
akceptorze (locative singular)
akceptorach (locative plural)
akceptorze (singular vocative)
akceptory (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin acceptor. First attested in 1912.

akceptor elektronów

akceptor protonu

(physics, chemistry) acceptor (atom or molecule which can accept an electron to form a chemical bond, or a chemical acceptor atom forming a positive hole in a semiconductor)


galenit

galenit (nominative singular)
galenitu (genitive singular)
galenitowi (dative singular)
galenit (accusative singular)
galenitem (instrumental singular)
galenicie (locative singular)
galenicie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Galenit, from Latin galēna.


fenol

fenol (nominative singular)
fenole (nominative plural)
fenolu (genitive singular)
fenoli (genitive plural)
fenolowi (dative singular)
fenolom (dative plural)
fenol (accusative singular)
fenole (accusative plural)
fenolem (instrumental singular)
fenolami (instrumental plural)
fenolu (locative singular)
fenolach (locative plural)
fenolu (singular vocative)
fenole (plural vocative)

(organic chemistry) phenol (organic compound)

(organic chemistry) compound derived from phenol


morfina

morfinowy (adjective)
morfina (nominative singular)
morfiny (genitive singular)
morfinie (dative singular)
morfinę (accusative singular)
morfiną (instrumental singular)
morfinie (locative singular)
morfino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English morphine, French morphine, German Morphin, ultimately from Ancient Greek Μορφεύς (Morpheús).

(biochemistry, pharmacology) morphine (opioid used as an anaesthetic or recreational drug)


kwas

kwasek (diminutive)
kwas (nominative singular)
kwasy (nominative plural)
kwasu (genitive singular)
kwasów (genitive plural)
kwasowi (dative singular)
kwasom (dative plural)
kwas (accusative singular)
kwasy (accusative plural)
kwasem (instrumental singular)
kwasami (instrumental plural)
kwasie (locative singular)
kwasach (locative plural)
kwasie (singular vocative)
kwasy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ. Cognate with Latin cāseus whence English cheese, and Sanskrit क्वथ् (kvath, “to boil”).

(organic chemistry, slang) LSD, lysergic acid diethylamide (powerful synthetic hallucinogen)


pentanol

pentanol (nominative singular)
pentanolu (genitive singular)
pentanolowi (dative singular)
pentanol (accusative singular)
pentanolem (instrumental singular)
pentanolu (locative singular)
pentanolu (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English pentanol.

U ludzi, szczególnie z nietolerancją na niższe alkohole (etanol), izomery pentanolu powodowały podrażnienie skóry. Narażenie zwierząt drogą dermalną przy długotrwałej aplikacji powodowało poważne podrażnienie z rumieniem, atonią, aż do martwicy.

2020, “Pentan-1-ol i jego izomery: pentan-2-ol, pentan-3-ol, 2-metylobutan-1-ol, 3-metylobutan-2-ol, 2-metylobutan-2-ol, 2,2-dimetylopropan-1-ol Dokumentacja proponowanych dopuszczalnych wielkości narażenia zawodowego”, in Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy, number 3 (105), page 98:

In humans, especially those with intolerance to lower alcohols (ethanol), isomers of pentanol caused skin irritation. Exposure of animals by the dermal route during long-term application caused severe irritation with erythema, atony, up to necrosis.

(organic chemistry) pentanol (any of several isomers of the alcohol C₅H₁₁OH; the principal constituents of fusel oil)


alanina

alanina (nominative singular)
alaniny (nominative plural)
alaniny (genitive singular)
alanin (genitive plural)
alaninie (dative singular)
alaninom (dative plural)
alaninę (accusative singular)
alaniny (accusative plural)
alaniną (instrumental singular)
alaninami (instrumental plural)
alaninie (locative singular)
alaninach (locative plural)
alanino (singular vocative)
alaniny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French alanine. First attested in the 20th c..

J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900–1927), “alanina”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warsaw


stechiometria

stechiometria (nominative singular)
stechiometrii (genitive singular)
stechiometrii (dative singular)
stechiometrię (accusative singular)
stechiometrią (instrumental singular)
stechiometrii (locative singular)
stechiometrio (singular vocative)


-it

-it (nominative singular)
-ity (nominative plural)
-itu (genitive singular)
-itów (genitive plural)
-itowi (dative singular)
-itom (dative plural)
-it (accusative singular)
-ity (accusative plural)
-item (instrumental singular)
-itami (instrumental plural)
-icie (locative singular)
-itach (locative plural)
-icie (singular vocative)
-ity (plural vocative)
-yt (alternative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *tpelH-
Proto-Hellenic *ptólis
Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis)
Proto-Indo-European *-tósder.
Ancient Greek -της (-tēs)
Ancient Greek πολῑ́της (polī́tēs)
Ancient Greek -ίτης (-ítēs)der.
Polish -it
Derived from Ancient Greek -ῑ́της (-ī́tēs).

der+

(inorganic chemistry) -ite, used to form names of certain chemical compounds


pierwiastek

pierwiastek (nominative singular)
pierwiastki (nominative plural)
pierwiastka (genitive singular)
pierwiastków (genitive plural)
pierwiastkowi (dative singular)
pierwiastkom (dative plural)
pierwiastek (accusative singular)
pierwiastki (accusative plural)
pierwiastkiem (instrumental singular)
pierwiastkami (instrumental plural)
pierwiastku (locative singular)
pierwiastkach (locative plural)
pierwiastku (singular vocative)
pierwiastki (plural vocative)

(chemistry) element (simplest chemical substance)


roztwór

roztwór (nominative singular)
roztwory (nominative plural)
roztworu (genitive singular)
roztworów (genitive plural)
roztworowi (dative singular)
roztworom (dative plural)
roztwór (accusative singular)
roztwory (accusative plural)
roztworem (instrumental singular)
roztworami (instrumental plural)
roztworze (locative singular)
roztworach (locative plural)
roztworze (singular vocative)
roztwory (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *orztvorъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from roztworzyć.


kamień

pl-noun

kamień m inan (diminutive kamyk, augmentative kamor)

kamyk (diminutive)
kamor (augmentative)
kamień (nominative singular)
kamienie (nominative plural)
kamienia (genitive singular)
kamieni (genitive plural)
kamieniowi (dative singular)
kamieniom (dative plural)
kamień (accusative singular)
kamienie (accusative plural)
kamieniem (instrumental singular)
kamieniami (instrumental plural)
kamieniu (locative singular)
kamieniach (locative plural)
kamieniu (singular vocative)
kamienie (plural vocative)
kamienie (alternative Middle Polish collective)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *-mō
Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱmō
Proto-Balto-Slavic *kā́ˀmō
Proto-Slavic *kamy
Old Polish kamień
Polish kamień
Inherited from Old Polish kamień. Compare Latvian akmens, Lithuanian akmuo, Ancient Greek ἄκμων (ákmōn), Sanskrit अश्मन् (aśman).

etymon

(Middle Polish, chemistry) antimony, semimetal

Wezmi foku miecżykowego/ [...] kamienia calaminaris dragme [!]/ [...] apotym ty rzecży ktore maią bytz ſtarte na proch/ ſetrzi ye ſubtilnie

1534, S. Falimirz, O ziołach, page I 3d:

(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

(chemistry) calamine (basic zinc silicate)

lapis specularis, Przezroczyſty kámień by śckło

(chemistry) mica (hydrated magnesium silicate)


antagonista

antagonista (nominative singular)
antagonisty (nominative plural)
antagonisty (genitive singular)
antagonistów (genitive plural)
antagoniście (dative singular)
antagonistom (dative plural)
antagonistę (accusative singular)
antagonisty (accusative plural)
antagonistą (instrumental singular)
antagonistami (instrumental plural)
antagoniście (locative singular)
antagonistach (locative plural)
antagonisto (singular vocative)
antagonisty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French antagoniste, from Latin antagōnista, from Ancient Greek ἀνταγωνιστής (antagōnistḗs).

der

ἀνταγωνιστής

(biochemistry) antagonist tooth (a chemical that binds to a receptor but does not produce a physiological response, blocking the action of agonist chemicals)


lakmus

lakmus (nominative singular)
lakmusu (genitive singular)
lakmusowi (dative singular)
lakmus (accusative singular)
lakmusem (instrumental singular)
lakmusie (locative singular)
lakmusie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Lackmus, from Dutch lakmoes.


alken

alken (nominative singular)
alkeny (nominative plural)
alkenu (genitive singular)
alkenów (genitive plural)
alkenowi (dative singular)
alkenom (dative plural)
alken (accusative singular)
alkeny (accusative plural)
alkenem (instrumental singular)
alkenami (instrumental plural)
alkenie (locative singular)
alkenach (locative plural)
alkenie (singular vocative)
alkeny (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English alkene. First attested in 1883.

ref

Hermann Nothnagel (1883) Farmakologija (in Polish), page 338

alken in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

(organic chemistry) alkene (unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon with one or more carbon-carbon double bonds)


keton

keton (nominative singular)
ketony (nominative plural)
ketonu (genitive singular)
ketonów (genitive plural)
ketonowi (dative singular)
ketonom (dative plural)
keton (accusative singular)
ketony (accusative plural)
ketonem (instrumental singular)
ketonami (instrumental plural)
ketonie (locative singular)
ketonach (locative plural)
ketonie (singular vocative)
ketony (plural vocative)


adenina

adenina (nominative singular)
adeniny (genitive singular)
adeninie (dative singular)
adeninę (accusative singular)
adeniną (instrumental singular)
adeninie (locative singular)
adenino (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek ἀδήν (adḗn, “gland”) + -ina. First attested in 1885.

ref

Wszechświat : tygodnik popularny poświęcony naukom przyrodniczym, number T. 4, nr 21, 1885, page 334

nukleotydy adeniny

(biochemistry, genetics) adenine (a base, C₅H₅N₅, found in certain glands and tissues, which pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA)


teść

teść (nominative singular)
teścia (genitive singular)
teściowi (dative singular)
teścia (accusative singular)
teściem (instrumental singular)
teściu (locative singular)
teściu (singular vocative)

(humorous, slang, biochemistry, steroids) test, testosterone (steroid hormone)


benzen

benzen (nominative singular)
benzenu (genitive singular)
benzenowi (dative singular)
benzen (accusative singular)
benzenem (instrumental singular)
benzenie (locative singular)
benzenie (singular vocative)

Internationalism, compare English benzene. Possibly borrowed from French benzène.


związek

związek (nominative singular)
związki (nominative plural)
związku (genitive singular)
związków (genitive plural)
związkowi (dative singular)
związkom (dative plural)
związek (accusative singular)
związki (accusative plural)
związkiem (instrumental singular)
związkami (instrumental plural)
związku (locative singular)
związkach (locative plural)
związku (singular vocative)
związki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish związek. By surface analysis, związać + -ek.

(chemistry) compound (substance formed by chemical bonding of two or more elements in definite proportions by weight)


bilirubina

bilirubina (nominative singular)
bilirubiny (genitive singular)
bilirubinie (dative singular)
bilirubinę (accusative singular)
bilirubiną (instrumental singular)
bilirubinie (locative singular)
bilirubino (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English bilirubin, from Latin bīlis + Latin ruber/rubeus + -ina.


łańcuch

pl-noun

łańcuch m inan (diminutive łańcuszek, related adjective łańcuchowy or (Middle Polish) łańcuszny)

łańcuszek (diminutive)
łańcuchowy (adjective)
łańcuszny (Middle Polish adjective)
łańcuch (nominative singular)
łańcuchy (nominative plural)
łańcucha (genitive singular)
łańcuchów (genitive plural)
łańcuchowi (dative singular)
łańcuchom (dative plural)
łańcuch (accusative singular)
łańcuchy (accusative plural)
łańcuchem (instrumental singular)
łańcuchami (instrumental plural)
łańcuchu (locative singular)
łańcuchach (locative plural)
łańcuchu (singular vocative)
łańcuchy (plural vocative)
ancuch (alternative Middle Polish)
lencuch (alternative Middle Polish)
łancuch (alternative Middle Polish)
łącuch (alternative Middle Polish)
leńcuch (alternative)
lańcuch (alternative)
lejcuch (alternative)
lencoch (alternative)
lencuch (alternative)
leńcoch (alternative)
lęjcuch (alternative)
łajcuch (alternative)
łańcug (alternative)
łyńcuch (alternative)

→ Belarusian: ланцу́г (lancúh)

→ Russian: ланцу́г (lancúg)

→ Ukrainian: ланцю́г (lancjúh)

Inherited from Old Polish łańcuch, from Old Czech lancúch, from an unattested compound of Middle High German lanne and Middle High German zug, the former from Old High German lanna, from Vulgar Latin lanna, from Latin lāmina, the latter from Proto-Germanic *tugiz. Displaced Old Polish rzeciądz /wrzeciądz.


sprawa

pl-noun

sprawa f (diminutive sprawka, augmentative sprawina)

sprawka (diminutive)
sprawina (augmentative)
sprawa (nominative singular)
sprawy (nominative plural)
sprawy (genitive singular)
spraw (genitive plural)
sprawie (dative singular)
sprawom (dative plural)
sprawę (accusative singular)
sprawy (accusative plural)
sprawą (instrumental singular)
sprawami (instrumental plural)
sprawie (locative singular)
sprawach (locative plural)
sprawo (singular vocative)
sprawy (plural vocative)

→ Slovincian: sprawa

Inherited from Old Polish sprawa. By surface analysis, deverbal from sprawić.
Cognates
East Slavic cognates include Belarusian спра́ва (správa), Russian спра́ва (správa), and Ukrainian спра́ва (správa).
South Slavic cognates include Serbo-Croatian sprȁva/спра̏ва and Macedonian справа (sprava).
Western Slavic cognates include Kashubian sprawa, Silesian sprawa, Czech správa, and Slovak správa.

surf

sprawy żywotne

Wiemy teraz, że sprawy żywotne o ile są przywiązane do materyalnych atomów, podlegają tym samym prawom co i inne zjawiska świata martwego, uważamy teraz samą chorobę jako sprawę, jako nierozerwany szereg przeczyn i skutków, które powstają, działa i giną w ten sam sposób, jak prawidłowe objawy życia.

1869, Szymon Portner, O działaniu soli potażowych na krążenie krwi : rozprawa, page 2:

We now know that organic chemical processes, insofar as they are attached to material atoms, are subject to the same laws as other phenomena of the inanimate world, we now regard disease itself as an affair, as an unbroken series of actions and effects, which arise, act, and die in the same way, as normal signs of life.

Ponieważ społeczeństwo posiada wszystkie cechy organizmu zwierzęcego; ponieważ wszystkie objawy jego życia mają ten sam charakter co i objawy życia zwierzęcego: przeto tak cały ustrój jego, jak i sprawy żywotne muszą powstawać i i dokonywać się samorzutnie tak jak się wytwarza organizm żyjący, jak się odbywają wszelkie fizyologiczne czynności.

Because society has all the characteristics of an animal organism; because all the symptoms of its life have the same character as those of animal life: therefore, its whole system as well as chemical processes must arise and take place spontaneously, just as a living organism is produced, as all physiological processes take place activities.

Cała sprawa jest skończona, wszystkie pyrenoidy połączone są z jądrem, bądź bezpośrednio przez pośrednictwo innych pyrenoidów.

1908, Władysław Mieczysław Kozłowski, Światłoczułość jądra i jego wpływ na procesy odżywcze w komórce = (Phototaxie du noyau cellulaire et son rôle dans le procès d'assimilation), page 206:

The entire chemical process is finished, all of the pyrenoids are connected with a nucleus, either directly or through other pyrenoids.


biuret

biuret (nominative singular)
biuretu (genitive singular)
biuretowi (dative singular)
biuret (accusative singular)
biuretem (instrumental singular)
biurecie (locative singular)
biurecie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English biuret. First attested in 1858.


apiol

apiol (nominative singular)
apiolu (genitive singular)
apiolowi (dative singular)
apiol (accusative singular)
apiolem (instrumental singular)
apiolu (locative singular)
apiolu (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English apiol.


asparagina

asparagina (nominative singular)
asparaginy (genitive singular)
asparaginie (dative singular)
asparaginę (accusative singular)
asparaginą (instrumental singular)
asparaginie (locative singular)
asparagino (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek ἀσπάραγος (aspáragos) + -ina.

af

grc:ἀσπάραγος


amina

amina (nominative singular)
aminy (nominative plural)
aminy (genitive singular)
amin (genitive plural)
aminie (dative singular)
aminom (dative plural)
aminę (accusative singular)
aminy (accusative plural)
aminą (instrumental singular)
aminami (instrumental plural)
aminie (locative singular)
aminach (locative plural)
amino (singular vocative)
aminy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English amine. Ultimately from Latin ammōniacum. First attested in the 19th century.

syntetyczna amina

heterocykliczna amina

amina katecholowa

amina biogenna

amina pierwszorzędowa

amina drugorzędowa

amina trzeciorzędowa

amina sympatykomimetyczna

amina alifatyczna

amina aromatyczna


nitryl

nitryl (nominative singular)
nitryle (nominative plural)
nitrylu (genitive singular)
nitryli (genitive plural)
nitrylów (genitive plural)
nitrylowi (dative singular)
nitrylom (dative plural)
nitryl (accusative singular)
nitryle (accusative plural)
nitrylem (instrumental singular)
nitrylami (instrumental plural)
nitrylu (locative singular)
nitrylach (locative plural)
nitrylu (singular vocative)
nitryle (plural vocative)


halit

halit (nominative singular)
hality (nominative plural)
halitu (genitive singular)
halitów (genitive plural)
halitowi (dative singular)
halitom (dative plural)
halit (accusative singular)
hality (accusative plural)
halitem (instrumental singular)
halitami (instrumental plural)
halicie (locative singular)
halitach (locative plural)
halicie (singular vocative)
hality (plural vocative)


węgiel

pl-noun

węgiel m inan (diminutive węgielek, related adjective węglowy or węgielny)

węgielek (diminutive)
węglowy (adjective)
węgielny (adjective)
węgiel (nominative singular)
węgle (nominative plural)
węgla (genitive singular)
węgli (genitive plural)
węglowi (dative singular)
węglom (dative plural)
węgiel (accusative singular)
węgle (accusative plural)
węglem (instrumental singular)
węglami (instrumental plural)
węglu (locative singular)
węglach (locative plural)
węglu (singular vocative)
węgle (plural vocative)
węgło (alternative)

dwutlenek węgla

(uncountable, chemistry) carbon (chemical element (symbol C) with an atomic number of 6)


chlor

chlor m inan (related adjective chlorowy)

chlorowy (adjective)
chlor (nominative singular)
chloru (genitive singular)
chlorowi (dative singular)
chlor (accusative singular)
chlorem (instrumental singular)
chlorze (locative singular)
chlorze (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin chlōrum. Doublet of zielony, złoty, and żółty.

lbor

(chemistry) chlorine (chemical element, Cl, atomic number 17)


wymiana

wymiana (nominative singular)
wymiany (nominative plural)
wymiany (genitive singular)
wymian (genitive plural)
wymianie (dative singular)
wymianom (dative plural)
wymianę (accusative singular)
wymiany (accusative plural)
wymianą (instrumental singular)
wymianami (instrumental plural)
wymianie (locative singular)
wymianach (locative plural)
wymiano (singular vocative)
wymiany (plural vocative)

Deverbal from wymienić. First attested in the 16th century. Compare Kashubian wëmiana and Slovincian wëmjêna.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “wymiana”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(obsolete, chemistry) exchange (mutual replacement of component parts that chemically interact with each other)


granulocyt

granulocyt (nominative singular)
granulocyty (nominative plural)
granulocytu (genitive singular)
granulocytów (genitive plural)
granulocytowi (dative singular)
granulocytom (dative plural)
granulocyt (accusative singular)
granulocyty (accusative plural)
granulocytem (instrumental singular)
granulocytami (instrumental plural)
granulocycie (locative singular)
granulocytach (locative plural)
granulocycie (singular vocative)
granulocyty (plural vocative)


aldehyd

aldehyd (nominative singular)
aldehydy (nominative plural)
aldehydu (genitive singular)
aldehydów (genitive plural)
aldehydowi (dative singular)
aldehydom (dative plural)
aldehyd (accusative singular)
aldehydy (accusative plural)
aldehydem (instrumental singular)
aldehydami (instrumental plural)
aldehydzie (locative singular)
aldehydach (locative plural)
aldehydzie (singular vocative)
aldehydy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English aldehyde, French aldéhyde, German Aldehyd, ultimately from Latin al(cohol) dehyd(rogenātum). First attested in 1836.

Pamiętnik Farmaceutyczny Krakowski (in Polish), number 3, 1836, page 41


zasada

pl-noun

zasada f (diminutive (rare) zasadka, related adjective zasadowy)

zasadka (diminutive rare)
zasadowy (adjective)
zasada (nominative singular)
zasady (nominative plural)
zasady (genitive singular)
zasad (genitive plural)
zasadzie (dative singular)
zasadom (dative plural)
zasadę (accusative singular)
zasady (accusative plural)
zasadą (instrumental singular)
zasadami (instrumental plural)
zasadzie (locative singular)
zasadach (locative plural)
zasado (singular vocative)
zasady (plural vocative)

Deverbal from zasadzić. First attested in the 16th century. Compare Czech zásada, Slovak zásada, and Russian заса́да (zasáda).

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “zasada”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

Coordinate term: kwas

(chemistry) base (any of a class of generally water-soluble compounds, having bitter taste, that turn red litmus blue, and react with acids to form salts)


układ okresowy pierwiastków

układ okresowy pierwiastków (nominative singular)
układy okresowe pierwiastków (nominative plural)
układu okresowego pierwiastków (genitive singular)
układów okresowych pierwiastków (genitive plural)
układowi okresowemu pierwiastków (dative singular)
układom okresowym pierwiastków (dative plural)
układ okresowy pierwiastków (accusative singular)
układy okresowe pierwiastków (accusative plural)
układem okresowym pierwiastków (instrumental singular)
układami okresowymi pierwiastków (instrumental plural)
układzie okresowym pierwiastków (locative singular)
układach okresowych pierwiastków (locative plural)
układzie okresowy pierwiastków (singular vocative)
układy okresowe pierwiastków (plural vocative)
układ okresowy (alternative)

Literally, “periodic table of elements”.


serotonina

pl-noun

serotonina f (related adjective serotoninowy)

serotoninowy (adjective)
serotonina (nominative singular)
serotoniny (genitive singular)
serotoninie (dative singular)
serotoninę (accusative singular)
serotoniną (instrumental singular)
serotoninie (locative singular)
serotonino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English serotonin, French sérotonine, German Serotonin.

(organic chemistry) serotonin (indoleamine neurotransmitter, 5-hydroxytryptamine, that is involved in depression, appetite, etc., and is crucial in maintaining a sense of well-being, security, etc.)


białko

białkowy (adjective)
białko (nominative singular)
białka (nominative plural)
białka (genitive singular)
białek (genitive plural)
białku (dative singular)
białkom (dative plural)
białko (accusative singular)
białka (accusative plural)
białkiem (instrumental singular)
białkami (instrumental plural)
białku (locative singular)
białkach (locative plural)
białko (singular vocative)
białka (plural vocative)
białtko (alternative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bělъkъ. By surface analysis, biały + -ko. Sense 2 is a semantic loan from Latin albūmen. For the sense of albumen, compare English white (of the eye) and German weiße (Augenhaut).

sl

(biochemistry) protein (large, complex molecule composed of long chains of amino acids)


agonista

agonista (nominative singular)
agonisty (nominative plural)
agonisty (genitive singular)
agonistów (genitive plural)
agoniście (dative singular)
agonistom (dative plural)
agonistę (accusative singular)
agonisty (accusative plural)
agonistą (instrumental singular)
agonistami (instrumental plural)
agoniście (locative singular)
agonistach (locative plural)
agonisto (singular vocative)
agonisty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English agonist. By surface analysis, agonia + -ista. First attested in 1808.

wybiórczy agonista

silny agonista

agonista receptorów

zastosowanie agonistów

grupa agonistów

(biochemistry, pharmacology) agonist (molecule that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce a physiological reaction)


granat

Borrowed from German Granat, from Latin grānātum.


jodan

jodan (nominative singular)
jodany (nominative plural)
jodanu (genitive singular)
jodanów (genitive plural)
jodanowi (dative singular)
jodanom (dative plural)
jodan (accusative singular)
jodany (accusative plural)
jodanem (instrumental singular)
jodanami (instrumental plural)
jodanie (locative singular)
jodanach (locative plural)
jodanie (singular vocative)
jodany (plural vocative)


azotan

azotan (nominative singular)
azotany (nominative plural)
azotanu (genitive singular)
azotanów (genitive plural)
azotanowi (dative singular)
azotanom (dative plural)
azotan (accusative singular)
azotany (accusative plural)
azotanem (instrumental singular)
azotanami (instrumental plural)
azotanie (locative singular)
azotanach (locative plural)
azotanie (singular vocative)
azotany (plural vocative)

(inorganic chemistry) nitrate (salt or ester of nitric acid)


jadeit

jadeit (nominative singular)
jadeity (nominative plural)
jadeitu (genitive singular)
jadeitów (genitive plural)
jadeitowi (dative singular)
jadeitom (dative plural)
jadeit (accusative singular)
jadeity (accusative plural)
jadeitem (instrumental singular)
jadeitami (instrumental plural)
jadeicie (locative singular)
jadeitach (locative plural)
jadeicie (singular vocative)
jadeity (plural vocative)


biskwit

biskwit (nominative singular)
biskwity (nominative plural)
biskwitu (genitive singular)
biskwitów (genitive plural)
biskwitowi (dative singular)
biskwitom (dative plural)
biskwit (accusative singular)
biskwity (accusative plural)
biskwitem (instrumental singular)
biskwitami (instrumental plural)
biskwicie (locative singular)
biskwitach (locative plural)
biskwicie (singular vocative)
biskwity (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French biscuit. First attested in 1821. Doublet of biszkopt.

(ceramics) bisque, biscuit (form of unglazed earthenware)


metyl

metyl (nominative singular)
metylu (genitive singular)
metylowi (dative singular)
metyl (accusative singular)
metylem (instrumental singular)
metylu (locative singular)
metylu (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English methyl.


absorpcja

absorpcja (nominative singular)
absorpcje (nominative plural)
absorpcji (genitive singular)
absorpcji (genitive plural)
absorpcyj (archaic genitive plural)
absorpcji (dative singular)
absorpcjom (dative plural)
absorpcję (accusative singular)
absorpcje (accusative plural)
absorpcją (instrumental singular)
absorpcjami (instrumental plural)
absorpcji (locative singular)
absorpcjach (locative plural)
absorpcjo (singular vocative)
absorpcje (plural vocative)
absorbcja (alternative obsolete proscribed)

Borrowed from German Absorption, or French absorption, from Latin absorptiō. First attested in 1825.

ref

Kurjer Warszawski, number 283, 1825, page 1246

(chemistry, physics) absorption (imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical action)


pochodna

pochodna (nominative singular)
pochodne (nominative plural)
pochodnej (genitive singular)
pochodnych (genitive plural)
pochodnej (dative singular)
pochodnym (dative plural)
pochodną (accusative singular)
pochodne (accusative plural)
pochodną (instrumental singular)
pochodnymi (instrumental plural)
pochodnej (locative singular)
pochodnych (locative plural)
pochodna (singular vocative)
pochodne (plural vocative)

From pochodny + -a. Calque of English derivative.


oleina

oleina (nominative singular)
oleiny (genitive singular)
oleinie (dative singular)
oleinę (accusative singular)
oleiną (instrumental singular)
oleinie (locative singular)
oleino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English olein, French oléine, German Olein. By surface analysis, olej + -ina.

(organic chemistry) oleic acid, olein (any naturally-occurring greasy or oily substance related to fat)


aminokwas

aminokwas (nominative singular)
aminokwasy (nominative plural)
aminokwasu (genitive singular)
aminokwasów (genitive plural)
aminokwasowi (dative singular)
aminokwasom (dative plural)
aminokwas (accusative singular)
aminokwasy (accusative plural)
aminokwasem (instrumental singular)
aminokwasami (instrumental plural)
aminokwasie (locative singular)
aminokwasach (locative plural)
aminokwasie (singular vocative)
aminokwasy (plural vocative)

From amina + -o- + kwas. First attested in 1899.

Wiadomości Farmaceutyczne (in Polish), number R. 26, nr 23, 1899, page 538


kwas solny

kwas solny (nominative singular)
kwasy solne (nominative plural)
kwasu solnego (genitive singular)
kwasów solnych (genitive plural)
kwasowi solnemu (dative singular)
kwasom solnym (dative plural)
kwas solny (accusative singular)
kwasy solne (accusative plural)
kwasem solnym (instrumental singular)
kwasami solnymi (instrumental plural)
kwasie solnym (locative singular)
kwasach solnych (locative plural)
kwasie solny (singular vocative)
kwasy solne (plural vocative)

(inorganic chemistry) hydrochloric acid (strong acid, HCl in water)


siarczan

siarczan (nominative singular)
siarczany (nominative plural)
siarczanu (genitive singular)
siarczanów (genitive plural)
siarczanowi (dative singular)
siarczanom (dative plural)
siarczan (accusative singular)
siarczany (accusative plural)
siarczanem (instrumental singular)
siarczanami (instrumental plural)
siarczanie (locative singular)
siarczanach (locative plural)
siarczanie (singular vocative)
siarczany (plural vocative)

(organic chemistry) sulfate (any ester of sulfuric acid)

(inorganic chemistry) sulfate (any salt of sulfuric acid)


polarny

pl-adj

polarny (not comparable, no derived adverb)

polarny (masculine nominative singular)
polarna (feminine nominative singular)
polarne (neuter nominative singular)
polarni (nominative plural virile)
polarne (nominative plural)
polarnego (genitive masculine singular)
polarnej (feminine genitive singular)
polarnego (genitive neuter singular)
polarnych (genitive plural)
polarnych (genitive plural virile)
polarnemu (dative masculine singular)
polarnej (dative feminine singular)
polarnemu (dative neuter singular)
polarnym (dative plural)
polarnym (dative plural virile)
polarnego (accusative animate masculine singular)
polarny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
polarną (accusative feminine singular)
polarne (accusative neuter singular)
polarnych (accusative plural virile)
polarne (accusative plural)
polarnym (instrumental masculine singular)
polarną (feminine instrumental singular)
polarnym (instrumental neuter singular)
polarnymi (instrumental plural)
polarnymi (instrumental plural virile)
polarnym (locative masculine singular)
polarnej (feminine locative singular)
polarnym (locative neuter singular)
polarnych (locative plural)
polarnych (locative plural virile)

Ultimately from Late Latin polāris + -ny. Cognate to Russian поля́рный (poljárnyj), Czech polární.

(relational, chemistry) polar (having a dipole)


kwas octowy

kwas octowy (nominative singular)
kwasu octowego (genitive singular)
kwasowi octowemu (dative singular)
kwas octowy (accusative singular)
kwasem octowym (instrumental singular)
kwasie octowym (locative singular)
kwasie octowy (singular vocative)


metanol

metanol (nominative singular)
metanolu (genitive singular)
metanolowi (dative singular)
metanol (accusative singular)
metanolem (instrumental singular)
metanolu (locative singular)
metanolu (singular vocative)


reakcja

reakcja (nominative singular)
reakcje (nominative plural)
reakcji (genitive singular)
reakcji (genitive plural)
reakcyj (archaic genitive plural)
reakcji (dative singular)
reakcjom (dative plural)
reakcję (accusative singular)
reakcje (accusative plural)
reakcją (instrumental singular)
reakcjami (instrumental plural)
reakcji (locative singular)
reakcjach (locative plural)
reakcjo (singular vocative)
reakcje (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French réaction, from Old French reaction, from Latin reāctiō.


eter

pl-noun

eter m inan (related adjective eterowy or eteryczny or eterny)

eterowy (adjective)
eteryczny (adjective)
eterny (adjective)
eter (nominative singular)
eteru (genitive singular)
eterowi (dative singular)
eter (accusative singular)
eterem (instrumental singular)
eterze (locative singular)
eterze (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English ether, French éther, German Äther, ultimately from Latin aethēr, from Ancient Greek αἰθήρ (aithḗr).

(organic chemistry) ether (any of a class of organic compounds containing an oxygen atom bonded to two hydrocarbon groups)

(informal, organic chemistry) ether, diethyl ether (clear, colorless, highly flammable liquid with a low boiling point and chemical formula CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3; used as a solvent and, in the past, as a general anesthetic)


meteoryt

meteoryt m inan (related adjective meteorytowy)

meteorytowy (adjective)
meteoryt (nominative singular)
meteoryty (nominative plural)
meteorytu (genitive singular)
meteorytów (genitive plural)
meteorytowi (dative singular)
meteorytom (dative plural)
meteoryt (accusative singular)
meteoryty (accusative plural)
meteorytem (instrumental singular)
meteorytami (instrumental plural)
meteorycie (locative singular)
meteorytach (locative plural)
meteorycie (singular vocative)
meteoryty (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English meteorite, French météorite, German Meteorit, ultimately from Ancient Greek μετέωρος (metéōros).

(astronomy, cosmochemistry, geochemistry, mineralogy) meteorite (metallic or stony object or body that is the remains of a meteoroid)


alabastr

alabastr (nominative singular)
alabastry (nominative plural)
alabastru (genitive singular)
alabastrów (genitive plural)
alabastrowi (dative singular)
alabastrom (dative plural)
alabastr (accusative singular)
alabastry (accusative plural)
alabastrem (instrumental singular)
alabastrami (instrumental plural)
alabastrze (locative singular)
alabastrach (locative plural)
alabastrze (singular vocative)
alabastry (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish alabastyr, from Latin alabaster, from Ancient Greek ἀλάβαστρος (alábastros).

(mineralogy, obsolete) Alternative form of alabaster


próbówka

próbówka (nominative singular)
próbówki (nominative plural)
próbówki (genitive singular)
próbówek (genitive plural)
próbówce (dative singular)
próbówkom (dative plural)
próbówkę (accusative singular)
próbówki (accusative plural)
próbówką (instrumental singular)
próbówkami (instrumental plural)
próbówce (locative singular)
próbówkach (locative plural)
próbówko (singular vocative)
próbówki (plural vocative)

(chemistry) Alternative form of probówka


amfetamina

amfetamina f (related adjective amfetaminowy)

amfetaminowy (adjective)
amfetamina (nominative singular)
amfetaminy (genitive singular)
amfetaminie (dative singular)
amfetaminę (accusative singular)
amfetaminą (instrumental singular)
amfetaminie (locative singular)
amfetamino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English amphetamine, French amphétamine, and German Amphetamin, ultimately from a(lpha-)m(ethyl)ph(en)eth(yl)amine. First attested in 1953.

ref

Bibliografia Zawartości Czasopism (in Polish), number R. 7, z. 11, 1953, page 956

(organic chemistry) amphetamine (racemic freebase of 1-phenylpropan-2-amine; an equal parts mixture of levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine in their pure amine forms)


organiczny

pl-adj

organiczny (not comparable, derived adverb organicznie)

organiczny (masculine nominative singular)
organiczna (feminine nominative singular)
organiczne (neuter nominative singular)
organiczni (nominative plural virile)
organiczne (nominative plural)
organicznego (genitive masculine singular)
organicznej (feminine genitive singular)
organicznego (genitive neuter singular)
organicznych (genitive plural)
organicznych (genitive plural virile)
organicznemu (dative masculine singular)
organicznej (dative feminine singular)
organicznemu (dative neuter singular)
organicznym (dative plural)
organicznym (dative plural virile)
organicznego (accusative animate masculine singular)
organiczny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
organiczną (accusative feminine singular)
organiczne (accusative neuter singular)
organicznych (accusative plural virile)
organiczne (accusative plural)
organicznym (instrumental masculine singular)
organiczną (feminine instrumental singular)
organicznym (instrumental neuter singular)
organicznymi (instrumental plural)
organicznymi (instrumental plural virile)
organicznym (locative masculine singular)
organicznej (feminine locative singular)
organicznym (locative neuter singular)
organicznych (locative plural)
organicznych (locative plural virile)

Adapted borrowing of French organique + -ny.


heliotrop

pl-noun

heliotrop m inan (related adjective heliotropowy)

heliotropowy (adjective)
heliotrop (nominative singular)
heliotropy (nominative plural)
heliotropu (genitive singular)
heliotropów (genitive plural)
heliotropowi (dative singular)
heliotropom (dative plural)
heliotrop (accusative singular)
heliotropy (accusative plural)
heliotropem (instrumental singular)
heliotropami (instrumental plural)
heliotropie (locative singular)
heliotropach (locative plural)
heliotropie (singular vocative)
heliotropy (plural vocative)

(mineralogy) bloodstone, ematille, heliotrope

(mineralogy) carnelian (reddish brown chalcedony)


amidol

amidol (nominative singular)
amidolu (genitive singular)
amidolowi (dative singular)
amidol (accusative singular)
amidolem (instrumental singular)
amidolu (locative singular)
amidolu (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Amidol. First attested in 1892.

ref

Wiadomości Farmaceutyczne (in Polish), number R. 19, nr 16, 1892, page 357


lipoproteina

lipoproteina (nominative singular)
lipoproteiny (genitive singular)
lipoproteinie (dative singular)
lipoproteinę (accusative singular)
lipoproteiną (instrumental singular)
lipoproteinie (locative singular)
lipoproteino (singular vocative)

From lipo- + proteina. First attested in the.


anilina

anilina (nominative singular)
aniliny (genitive singular)
anilinie (dative singular)
anilinę (accusative singular)
aniliną (instrumental singular)
anilinie (locative singular)
anilino (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French aniline, from Portuguese anil + -ina. First attested in 1859.

Encyklopedyja powszechna: A-Aosta (in Polish), 1859, page 889

pochodna aniliny

(organic chemistry) aniline, aminobenzene (C₆H₅NH₂)


oddać

oddawać (imperfective)
oddać (infinitive)
oddam (future singular)
oddamy (future plural)
oddasz (future singular)
oddacie (future plural)
odda (future singular third-person)
oddadzą (future plural third-person)
odda się (future impersonal)
oddałem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m oddał (masculine past singular)
oddałam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m oddała (feminine past singular)
oddałom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m oddało (neuter past singular)
oddaliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy oddali (past plural virile)
oddałyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy oddały (nonvirile past plural)
oddałeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś oddał (masculine past singular)
oddałaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś oddała (feminine past singular)
oddałoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś oddało (neuter past singular)
oddaliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście oddali (past plural virile)
oddałyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście oddały (nonvirile past plural)
oddał (masculine past singular third-person)
oddała (feminine past singular third-person)
oddało (neuter past singular third-person)
oddali (past plural third-person virile)
oddały (nonvirile past plural third-person)
oddano (impersonal past)
oddałbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym oddał (conditional masculine singular)
oddałabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym oddała (conditional feminine singular)
oddałobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym oddało (conditional neuter singular)
oddalibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy oddali (conditional plural virile)
oddałybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy oddały (conditional nonvirile plural)
oddałbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś oddał (conditional masculine singular)
oddałabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś oddała (conditional feminine singular)
oddałobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś oddało (conditional neuter singular)
oddalibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście oddali (conditional plural virile)
oddałybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście oddały (conditional nonvirile plural)
oddałby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by oddał (conditional masculine singular third-person)
oddałaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by oddała (conditional feminine singular third-person)
oddałoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by oddało (conditional neuter singular third-person)
oddaliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by oddali (conditional plural third-person virile)
oddałyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by oddały (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
oddano by (conditional impersonal)
niech oddam (imperative singular)
oddajmy (imperative plural)
oddaj (imperative singular)
oddajcie (imperative plural)
niech odda (imperative singular third-person)
niech oddadzą (imperative plural third-person)
oddany (adjectival masculine participle passive singular)
oddana (adjectival feminine participle passive singular)
oddane (adjectival neuter participle passive singular)
oddani (adjectival participle passive plural virile)
oddane (adjectival nonvirile participle passive plural)
oddawszy (adverbial anterior participle)
oddanie (noun-from-verb)

Inherited from Old Polish oddać. By surface analysis, od- + dać.

(transitive, obsolete, chemistry) to break off; to separate


blenda

blenda (nominative singular)
blendy (nominative plural)
blendy (genitive singular)
blend (genitive plural)
blendzie (dative singular)
blendom (dative plural)
blendę (accusative singular)
blendy (accusative plural)
blendą (instrumental singular)
blendami (instrumental plural)
blendzie (locative singular)
blendach (locative plural)
blendo (singular vocative)
blendy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Blende. First attested in 1782.

blenda cynkowa

blenda smolista/uranowa


atropina

atropina (nominative singular)
atropiny (genitive singular)
atropinie (dative singular)
atropinę (accusative singular)
atropiną (instrumental singular)
atropinie (locative singular)
atropino (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French atropine, from Latin Atropa.

(toxicology, organic chemistry) atropine