paproć

paprotka (diminutive)
paproć (nominative singular)
paprocie (nominative plural)
paproci (genitive singular)
paproci (genitive plural)
paproci (dative singular)
paprociom (dative plural)
paproć (accusative singular)
paprocie (accusative plural)
paprocią (instrumental singular)
paprociami (instrumental plural)
paproci (locative singular)
paprociach (locative plural)
paproci (singular vocative)
paprocie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *paportь, from Proto-Indo-European *parǝt-. Compare Czech kapraď, Slovak papraď.


Abchazja

Abchazja (nominative singular)
Abchazji (genitive singular)
Abchazji (dative singular)
Abchazję (accusative singular)
Abchazją (instrumental singular)
Abchazji (locative singular)
Abchazjo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Абха́зия (Abxázija), from Georgian აფხაზეთი (apxazeti).

bor+

Abkhazia (a de-facto independent country in the Caucasus Region in Asia, internationally recognized as an autonomous republic of the country of Georgia)


cierpliwość

cierpliwość (nominative singular)
cierpliwości (genitive singular)
cierpliwości (dative singular)
cierpliwość (accusative singular)
cierpliwością (instrumental singular)
cierpliwości (locative singular)
cierpliwości (singular vocative)

(czyjaś) cierpliwość kończy się


przysięga

przysięga (nominative singular)
przysięgi (nominative plural)
przysięgi (genitive singular)
przysiąg (genitive plural)
przysiędze (dative singular)
przysięgom (dative plural)
przysięgę (accusative singular)
przysięgi (accusative plural)
przysięgą (instrumental singular)
przysięgami (instrumental plural)
przysiędze (locative singular)
przysięgach (locative plural)
przysięgo (singular vocative)
przysięgi (plural vocative)

/pʂɨˈɕɛŋ.ɡa/


pigwa

pigwowy (adjective)
pigwa (nominative singular)
pigwy (nominative plural)
pigwy (genitive singular)
pigw (genitive plural)
pigwie (dative singular)
pigwom (dative plural)
pigwę (accusative singular)
pigwy (accusative plural)
pigwą (instrumental singular)
pigwami (instrumental plural)
pigwie (locative singular)
pigwach (locative plural)
pigwo (singular vocative)
pigwy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish pigwa. Doublet of figa and fikus.


Palestyna

Palestyna (nominative singular)
Palestyny (genitive singular)
Palestynie (dative singular)
Palestynę (accusative singular)
Palestyną (instrumental singular)
Palestynie (locative singular)
Palestyno (singular vocative)


sempiterna

sempiterna (nominative singular)
sempiterny (nominative plural)
sempiterny (genitive singular)
sempitern (genitive plural)
sempiternie (dative singular)
sempiternom (dative plural)
sempiternę (accusative singular)
sempiterny (accusative plural)
sempiterną (instrumental singular)
sempiternami (instrumental plural)
sempiternie (locative singular)
sempiternach (locative plural)
sempiterno (singular vocative)
sempiterny (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin sempiternus. Originally used as a school joke mocking the phrase of Psalm 77:66.


winnica

winniczka (diminutive)
winnica (nominative singular)
winnice (nominative plural)
winnicy (genitive singular)
winnic (genitive plural)
winnicy (dative singular)
winnicom (dative plural)
winnicę (accusative singular)
winnice (accusative plural)
winnicą (instrumental singular)
winnicami (instrumental plural)
winnicy (locative singular)
winnicach (locative plural)
winnico (singular vocative)
winnice (plural vocative)


busola

busolka (diminutive)
busola (nominative singular)
busole (nominative plural)
busoli (genitive singular)
busol (genitive plural)
busoli (dative singular)
busolom (dative plural)
busolę (accusative singular)
busole (accusative plural)
busolą (instrumental singular)
busolami (instrumental plural)
busoli (locative singular)
busolach (locative plural)
busolo (singular vocative)
busole (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian bussola, from Latin buxis (“box”), from Ancient Greek πυξίς (puxís).

(military, nautical) magnetic compass (instrument)

(dated) compass (instrument to determine cardinal directions)


dna

dna (nominative singular)
dny (genitive singular)
dnie (dative singular)
dnę (accusative singular)
dną (instrumental singular)
dnie (locative singular)
dno (singular vocative)

(pathology) gout (form of inflammatory arthritis)


dialektologia

dialektologia (nominative singular)
dialektologii (genitive singular)
dialektologii (dative singular)
dialektologię (accusative singular)
dialektologią (instrumental singular)
dialektologii (locative singular)
dialektologio (singular vocative)


drabina

drabinka (diminutive)
drabina (nominative singular)
drabiny (nominative plural)
drabiny (genitive singular)
drabin (genitive plural)
drabinie (dative singular)
drabinom (dative plural)
drabinę (accusative singular)
drabiny (accusative plural)
drabiną (instrumental singular)
drabinami (instrumental plural)
drabinie (locative singular)
drabinach (locative plural)
drabino (singular vocative)
drabiny (plural vocative)

From Old Polish drab + -ina, cognate to Belarusian драбіны (drabiny) and Ukrainian драби́на (drabýna) (not Serbo-Croatian drȇbīna which is from German Drehbühne). This is possibly from a Proto-Slavic *drabь or *drabъ but possibly also a borrowing.
Else in Balto-Slavic it has been connected to Lithuanian dìrbti (“to work”) (so Brückner) which equals Proto-Germanic *derbaną (“to work”), to Lithuanian drebė́ti (“to quiver”), Russian дря́бы (drjáby, “carriage for sheaves”), Belarusian дра́бы (dráby, “rips”), Czech droby (“giblets”).

cog

wspinać się po drabinie


opinia

opinia (nominative singular)
opinie (nominative plural)
opinii (genitive singular)
opinii (genitive plural)
opinij (archaic genitive plural)
opinii (dative singular)
opiniom (dative plural)
opinię (accusative singular)
opinie (accusative plural)
opinią (instrumental singular)
opiniami (instrumental plural)
opinii (locative singular)
opiniach (locative plural)
opinio (singular vocative)
opinie (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: òpiniô

→ Silesian: ôpinijŏ

Learned borrowing from Latin opīniō. First attested in 1551.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “opinija”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(countable) opinion (belief, judgment or perspective that a person has formed, either through objective or subjective reasoning, about a topic, issue, person or thing)

(uncountable) opinion (manner in which someone or something is perceived)

(countable) opinion (formal decision, or expression of views, of a judge, an umpire, a doctor, or other party officially called upon to consider and decide upon a matter or point submitted)

(uncountable) opinion (specific community expressing an evaluation of something)


zbrodnia

zbrodnia (nominative singular)
zbrodnie (nominative plural)
zbrodni (genitive singular)
zbrodni (genitive plural)
zbrodni (dative singular)
zbrodniom (dative plural)
zbrodnię (accusative singular)
zbrodnie (accusative plural)
zbrodnią (instrumental singular)
zbrodniami (instrumental plural)
zbrodni (locative singular)
zbrodniach (locative plural)
zbrodnio (singular vocative)
zbrodnie (plural vocative)


islamofobia

pl-noun

islamofobia f (related adjective islamofobiczny)

islamofobiczny (adjective)
islamofobia (nominative singular)
islamofobii (genitive singular)
islamofobii (dative singular)
islamofobię (accusative singular)
islamofobią (instrumental singular)
islamofobii (locative singular)
islamofobio (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English Islamophobia, French islamophobie, German Islamophobie.

Islamophobia (fear or hatred of Islam or Muslims)


banta

banta (nominative singular)
banty (nominative plural)
banty (genitive singular)
bant (genitive plural)
bancie (dative singular)
bantom (dative plural)
bantę (accusative singular)
banty (accusative plural)
bantą (instrumental singular)
bantami (instrumental plural)
bancie (locative singular)
bantach (locative plural)
banto (singular vocative)
banty (plural vocative)


akomodacja

akomodacja (nominative singular)
akomodacje (nominative plural)
akomodacji (genitive singular)
akomodacji (genitive plural)
akomodacyj (archaic genitive plural)
akomodacji (dative singular)
akomodacjom (dative plural)
akomodację (accusative singular)
akomodacje (accusative plural)
akomodacją (instrumental singular)
akomodacjami (instrumental plural)
akomodacji (locative singular)
akomodacjach (locative plural)
akomodacjo (singular vocative)
akomodacje (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin accommodātiō. First attested in 1621–1629.

ref

“NU”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], TS

akomodacja in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

accommodation (adaptation or adjustment)

akomodacja oka

akomodacja soczewki

zaburzenia akomodacji

zdolność do akomodacji

ćwiczenie akomodacji

(medicine) accommodation (adjustment of the eye)

akomodacja składniowa

(linguistics) accommodation (modifications to make one's way of speaking similar to others involved in a conversation or discourse)

(Middle Polish) accommodation (willingness to accommodate; obligingness)

(Middle Polish) accommodation (adjustment of differences; state of agreement; reconciliation; settlement; compromise)


inwestycja

pl-noun

inwestycja f (related adjective inwestycyjny)

inwestycyjny (adjective)
inwestycja (nominative singular)
inwestycje (nominative plural)
inwestycji (genitive singular)
inwestycji (genitive plural)
inwestycyj (archaic genitive plural)
inwestycji (dative singular)
inwestycjom (dative plural)
inwestycję (accusative singular)
inwestycje (accusative plural)
inwestycją (instrumental singular)
inwestycjami (instrumental plural)
inwestycji (locative singular)
inwestycjach (locative plural)
inwestycjo (singular vocative)
inwestycje (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Investition. By surface analysis, inwestować + -cja. First attested in 1812. Compare Kashubian jinwesticjô and Silesian inwestycyjŏ.

ref

Gazeta Lwowska (in Polish), number 93, 1812 November 20, page 780

(finance) investment (placement of capital in expectation of deriving income or profit from its use or appreciation) [with w (+ accusative) ‘into what’]

investment (that which is invested into)

investment (spending time and money on something or someone that will bring some benefit in the future)

investment (part of goods produced that are not intended for direct consumption)


pochodna

pochodna (nominative singular)
pochodne (nominative plural)
pochodnej (genitive singular)
pochodnych (genitive plural)
pochodnej (dative singular)
pochodnym (dative plural)
pochodną (accusative singular)
pochodne (accusative plural)
pochodną (instrumental singular)
pochodnymi (instrumental plural)
pochodnej (locative singular)
pochodnych (locative plural)
pochodna (singular vocative)
pochodne (plural vocative)

From pochodny + -a. Calque of English derivative.

(nominalized) derivative (something derived)


absorpcja

absorpcja (nominative singular)
absorpcje (nominative plural)
absorpcji (genitive singular)
absorpcji (genitive plural)
absorpcyj (archaic genitive plural)
absorpcji (dative singular)
absorpcjom (dative plural)
absorpcję (accusative singular)
absorpcje (accusative plural)
absorpcją (instrumental singular)
absorpcjami (instrumental plural)
absorpcji (locative singular)
absorpcjach (locative plural)
absorpcjo (singular vocative)
absorpcje (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Absorption, or French absorption, from Latin absorptiō. First attested in 1825.

Kurjer Warszawski, number 283, 1825, page 1246

absorption (act or process of absorbing or sucking in anything)

(chemistry, physics) absorption (imbibing or reception by molecular or chemical action)

(optics, physics) absorption (reception of electromagnetic radiation)

(administration, business) absorption, incorporation


wydra

pl-noun

wydra f (diminutive wyderka, related adjective wydrowy)

wyderka (diminutive)
wydrowy (adjective)
wydra (nominative singular)
wydry (nominative plural)
wydry (genitive singular)
wyder (genitive plural)
wydr (genitive plural)
wydrze (dative singular)
wydrom (dative plural)
wydrę (accusative singular)
wydry (accusative plural)
wydrą (instrumental singular)
wydrami (instrumental plural)
wydrze (locative singular)
wydrach (locative plural)
wydro (singular vocative)
wydry (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vydra. Doublet of hydra and nutria.

(chiefly in the plural) otter (any mustelid of the subfamily Lutrinae)


stola

stola (nominative singular)
stole (nominative plural)
stoli (genitive singular)
stoli (genitive plural)
stoli (dative singular)
stolom (dative plural)
stolę (accusative singular)
stole (accusative plural)
stolą (instrumental singular)
stolami (instrumental plural)
stoli (locative singular)
stolach (locative plural)
stolo (singular vocative)
stole (plural vocative)

stola (traditional garment of women in Ancient Rome)


andragogika

andragogika (nominative singular)
andragogiki (genitive singular)
andragogice (dative singular)
andragogikę (accusative singular)
andragogiką (instrumental singular)
andragogice (locative singular)
andragogiko (singular vocative)

From andro- + Ancient Greek (παιδ)αγωγία ((paid)agōgía). First attested in 1888.

af

grc:παιδαγωγία

(παιδ)αγωγία

ref

Muzeum : czasopismo wydawane przez Towarzystwo Nauczycieli Szkół Wyższych pod redakcją Romana Palmsteina (in Polish), number R.4, z.4, 1888, page 174


wersja

wersja (nominative singular)
wersje (nominative plural)
wersji (genitive singular)
wersji (genitive plural)
wersyj (archaic genitive plural)
wersji (dative singular)
wersjom (dative plural)
wersję (accusative singular)
wersje (accusative plural)
wersją (instrumental singular)
wersjami (instrumental plural)
wersji (locative singular)
wersjach (locative plural)
wersjo (singular vocative)
wersje (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French version, from Middle French version, from Medieval Latin versiō (“a turning”), from Latin vertō (“I turn”).


siódemka

pl-noun

siódemka f (diminutive siódemeczka, augmentative siódema)

siódemeczka (diminutive)
siódema (augmentative)
siódemka (nominative singular)
siódemki (nominative plural)
siódemki (genitive singular)
siódemek (genitive plural)
siódemce (dative singular)
siódemkom (dative plural)
siódemkę (accusative singular)
siódemki (accusative plural)
siódemką (instrumental singular)
siódemkami (instrumental plural)
siódemce (locative singular)
siódemkach (locative plural)
siódemko (singular vocative)
siódemki (plural vocative)

seven (a set or group with seven elements)

(metonymically) something assigned the number seven: bus line, road, candidate on a ballot, etc.


psina

psinka (diminutive)
psina (nominative singular)
psiny (nominative plural)
psiny (genitive singular)
psin (genitive plural)
psinie (dative singular)
psinom (dative plural)
psinę (accusative singular)
psiny (accusative plural)
psiną (instrumental singular)
psinami (instrumental plural)
psinie (locative singular)
psinach (locative plural)
psino (singular vocative)
psiny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pьsina. By surface analysis, pies (“dog”) + -ina.

surf

(obsolete) brazenness, impudence, insolence


torba

torebka (diminutive)
torba (nominative singular)
torby (nominative plural)
torby (genitive singular)
toreb (genitive plural)
torb (genitive plural)
torbie (dative singular)
torbom (dative plural)
torbę (accusative singular)
torby (accusative plural)
torbą (instrumental singular)
torbami (instrumental plural)
torbie (locative singular)
torbach (locative plural)
torbo (singular vocative)
torby (plural vocative)

→ Czech: torba

→ Slovak: torba

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوربه (torba).


inedia

inedia (nominative singular)
inedii (genitive singular)
inedii (dative singular)
inedię (accusative singular)
inedią (instrumental singular)
inedii (locative singular)
inedio (singular vocative)

inedia, breatharianism (purported ability to live without food)


Troja

trojański (adjective)
Troja (nominative singular)
Troi (genitive singular)
Troi (dative singular)
Troję (accusative singular)
Troją (instrumental singular)
Troi (locative singular)
Trojo (singular vocative)

Troy (an ancient city and archaeological site in modern Turkey)


satrapia

satrapia (nominative singular)
satrapie (nominative plural)
satrapii (genitive singular)
satrapii (genitive plural)
satrapij (archaic genitive plural)
satrapii (dative singular)
satrapiom (dative plural)
satrapię (accusative singular)
satrapie (accusative plural)
satrapią (instrumental singular)
satrapiami (instrumental plural)
satrapii (locative singular)
satrapiach (locative plural)
satrapio (singular vocative)
satrapie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek σατραπεία (satrapeía).


kwagga

kwagga (nominative singular)
kwaggi (nominative plural)
kwaggi (genitive singular)
kwagg (genitive plural)
kwagdze (dative singular)
kwaggom (dative plural)
kwaggę (accusative singular)
kwaggi (accusative plural)
kwaggą (instrumental singular)
kwaggami (instrumental plural)
kwagdze (locative singular)
kwaggach (locative plural)
kwaggo (singular vocative)
kwaggi (plural vocative)

Equus quagga quagga
Wikispecies:Equus quagga quagga


Wołga

Wołga (nominative singular)
Wołgi (genitive singular)
Wołdze (dative singular)
Wołgę (accusative singular)
Wołgą (instrumental singular)
Wołdze (locative singular)
Wołgo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Во́лга (Vólga), probably from Proto-Slavic *vьlga.


pajęczyna

pajęczynka (diminutive)
pajęczyna (nominative singular)
pajęczyny (nominative plural)
pajęczyny (genitive singular)
pajęczyn (genitive plural)
pajęczynie (dative singular)
pajęczynom (dative plural)
pajęczynę (accusative singular)
pajęczyny (accusative plural)
pajęczyną (instrumental singular)
pajęczynami (instrumental plural)
pajęczynie (locative singular)
pajęczynach (locative plural)
pajęczyno (singular vocative)
pajęczyny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *paǫčina. By surface analysis, pająk + -yna.


oliwka

oliwka (nominative singular)
oliwki (nominative plural)
oliwki (genitive singular)
oliwek (genitive plural)
oliwce (dative singular)
oliwkom (dative plural)
oliwkę (accusative singular)
oliwki (accusative plural)
oliwką (instrumental singular)
oliwkami (instrumental plural)
oliwce (locative singular)
oliwkach (locative plural)
oliwko (singular vocative)
oliwki (plural vocative)


nogawka

nogawka (nominative singular)
nogawki (nominative plural)
nogawki (genitive singular)
nogawek (genitive plural)
nogawce (dative singular)
nogawkom (dative plural)
nogawkę (accusative singular)
nogawki (accusative plural)
nogawką (instrumental singular)
nogawkami (instrumental plural)
nogawce (locative singular)
nogawkach (locative plural)
nogawko (singular vocative)
nogawki (plural vocative)


sprzedaż

sprzedaż (nominative singular)
sprzedaże (nominative plural)
sprzedaży (genitive singular)
sprzedaży (genitive plural)
sprzedaży (dative singular)
sprzedażom (dative plural)
sprzedaż (accusative singular)
sprzedaże (accusative plural)
sprzedażą (instrumental singular)
sprzedażami (instrumental plural)
sprzedaży (locative singular)
sprzedażach (locative plural)
sprzedaży (singular vocative)
sprzedaże (plural vocative)

(business, usually in the singular) sale (exchange of goods or services for currency or credit)


łuska

łuseczka (diminutive)
łuska (nominative singular)
łuski (nominative plural)
łuski (genitive singular)
łusek (genitive plural)
łusce (dative singular)
łuskom (dative plural)
łuskę (accusative singular)
łuski (accusative plural)
łuską (instrumental singular)
łuskami (instrumental plural)
łusce (locative singular)
łuskach (locative plural)
łusko (singular vocative)
łuski (plural vocative)

scale, keratin pieces covering the skin of certain animals, particularly fish or reptiles

case, casing, the outer part of an ammunition cartridge


żywica

żywica (nominative singular)
żywice (nominative plural)
żywicy (genitive singular)
żywic (genitive plural)
żywicy (dative singular)
żywicom (dative plural)
żywicę (accusative singular)
żywice (accusative plural)
żywicą (instrumental singular)
żywicami (instrumental plural)
żywicy (locative singular)
żywicach (locative plural)
żywico (singular vocative)
żywice (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *živica, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷh₃i-u-.


flądra

fląderka (diminutive)
flądra (nominative singular)
flądry (nominative plural)
flądry (genitive singular)
fląder (genitive plural)
flądrze (dative singular)
flądrom (dative plural)
flądrę (accusative singular)
flądry (accusative plural)
flądrą (instrumental singular)
flądrami (instrumental plural)
flądrze (locative singular)
flądrach (locative plural)
flądro (singular vocative)
flądry (plural vocative)


flądra

flądra (nominative singular)
flądry (nominative plural)
flądry (genitive singular)
fląder (genitive plural)
flądrze (dative singular)
flądrom (dative plural)
flądrę (accusative singular)
flądry (accusative plural)
flądrą (instrumental singular)
flądrami (instrumental plural)
flądrze (locative singular)
flądrach (locative plural)
flądro (singular vocative)
flądry (plural vocative)


arenga

arenga (nominative singular)
arengi (nominative plural)
arengi (genitive singular)
areng (genitive plural)
arendze (dative singular)
arengom (dative plural)
arengę (accusative singular)
arengi (accusative plural)
arengą (instrumental singular)
arengami (instrumental plural)
arendze (locative singular)
arengach (locative plural)
arengo (singular vocative)
arengi (plural vocative)

Arenga pinnata
Arenga pinnata#Translingual


arenga

(law) preamble (an explanatory introduction to a formal document or statute)

(historical, religion) a document of motives spread by the Church


supernowa

supernowa (nominative singular)
supernowe (nominative plural)
supernowej (genitive singular)
supernowych (genitive plural)
supernowej (dative singular)
supernowym (dative plural)
supernową (accusative singular)
supernowe (accusative plural)
supernową (instrumental singular)
supernowymi (instrumental plural)
supernowej (locative singular)
supernowych (locative plural)
supernowa (singular vocative)
supernowe (plural vocative)

Coordinate term: hipernowa

(astronomy) supernova (powerful and bright explosion of a massive star, which afterwards becomes a neutron star or a black hole, or is destroyed)


asteroida

asteroida (nominative singular)
asteroidy (nominative plural)
asteroidy (genitive singular)
asteroid (genitive plural)
asteroidzie (dative singular)
asteroidom (dative plural)
asteroidę (accusative singular)
asteroidy (accusative plural)
asteroidą (instrumental singular)
asteroidami (instrumental plural)
asteroidzie (locative singular)
asteroidach (locative plural)
asteroido (singular vocative)
asteroidy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English asteroid, French astéroïde, German Asteroid. By surface analysis, astro- + -ida.


Norymberga

Norymberga (nominative singular)
Norymbergi (genitive singular)
Norymberdze (dative singular)
Norymbergę (accusative singular)
Norymbergą (instrumental singular)
Norymberdze (locative singular)
Norymbergo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Nürnberg, from Medieval Latin Norinberga.

Nuremberg (a major city in Bavaria, Germany)


czarna dziura

czarna dziura (nominative singular)
czarne dziury (nominative plural)
czarnej dziury (genitive singular)
czarnych dziur (genitive plural)
czarnej dziurze (dative singular)
czarnym dziurom (dative plural)
czarną dziurę (accusative singular)
czarne dziury (accusative plural)
czarną dziurą (instrumental singular)
czarnymi dziurami (instrumental plural)
czarnej dziurze (locative singular)
czarnych dziurach (locative plural)
czarna dziuro (singular vocative)
czarne dziury (plural vocative)

(astrophysics) black hole (gravitationally domineering celestial body with an event horizon from which even light cannot escape; the most dense material in the universe, condensed into a singularity, usually formed by a collapsing massive star)

(figurative, idiomatic, literary) difficult situation from which one cannot escape

(figurative, idiomatic) emptiness, void (empty space; a vacuum)


topologia

(mathematics) topology (branch of mathematics)

(set theory) topology (in set theory, a distinguished collection of subsets in a topological space)

(computing) topology (arrangement of nodes in a communications network)


tkanka

tkankowy (adjective)
tkanka (nominative singular)
tkanki (nominative plural)
tkanki (genitive singular)
tkanek (genitive plural)
tkance (dative singular)
tkankom (dative plural)
tkankę (accusative singular)
tkanki (accusative plural)
tkanką (instrumental singular)
tkankami (instrumental plural)
tkance (locative singular)
tkankach (locative plural)
tkanko (singular vocative)
tkanki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish tkanka. By surface analysis, tkać + -anka.

(countable, biology) tissue (group of cells (along with their extracellular matrix if any) that are similar in origin and function together to do a specific job)

(uncountable, literary) structure (overall form or organization of something)

... mieszkańcy jéj [ziemi] wyrabiają bogate materje i droge tkanki bawełniane i jedwabne...

1829, Jean-Antoine Letronne, Wykład elementarny starożytnéj i nowożytnéj jeografji [sic] pana Letronne, inspektora generalnego szkoł we Francji; na język Polski przełożony, i niektóremi dodatkami pomnożony, Zawadzki i Węcki, archived from the original on 2022-06-22, page 183

... its [the Earth's] inhabitants make rich materials and costly cotton and silk cloths...

(uncountable, archaic) web (thin delicate cloth)


żuchwa

żuchwa (nominative singular)
żuchwy (nominative plural)
żuchwy (genitive singular)
żuchw (genitive plural)
żuchwie (dative singular)
żuchwom (dative plural)
żuchwę (accusative singular)
żuchwy (accusative plural)
żuchwą (instrumental singular)
żuchwami (instrumental plural)
żuchwie (locative singular)
żuchwach (locative plural)
żuchwo (singular vocative)
żuchwy (plural vocative)

From dialectal Proto-Slavic *žuxъva, from *žuxati + *-ъva.

(anatomy) the mandible of a jawed vertebrate


skroń

skroń (nominative singular)
skronie (nominative plural)
skroni (genitive singular)
skroni (genitive plural)
skroni (dative singular)
skroniom (dative plural)
skroń (accusative singular)
skronie (accusative plural)
skronią (instrumental singular)
skroniami (instrumental plural)
skrońmi (instrumental plural)
skroni (locative singular)
skroniach (locative plural)
skroni (singular vocative)
skronie (plural vocative)

→ Old Ruthenian: скронь (skronʹ)

Belarusian: скронь (skronʹ)

Ukrainian: скро́ня (skrónja)

Boli mnie głowa w okolicach skroni.


szczęka

szczęka (nominative singular)
szczęki (nominative plural)
szczęki (genitive singular)
szczęk (genitive plural)
szczęce (dative singular)
szczękom (dative plural)
szczękę (accusative singular)
szczęki (accusative plural)
szczęką (instrumental singular)
szczękami (instrumental plural)
szczęce (locative singular)
szczękach (locative plural)
szczęko (singular vocative)
szczęki (plural vocative)

/ˈʂt͡ʂɛŋ.ka/

sztuczna szczęka

mandible, one of a pair of mouthparts of an arthropod designed for holding food


hańba

hańba (nominative singular)
hańby (genitive singular)
hańbie (dative singular)
hańbę (accusative singular)
hańbą (instrumental singular)
hańbie (locative singular)
hańbo (singular vocative)

→ Belarusian: га́ньба (hánʹba)

→ Ukrainian: ганьба́ (hanʹbá)

Borrowed from Czech hanba. Displaced gańba, an inherited doublet.


geminata

geminata (nominative singular)
geminaty (nominative plural)
geminaty (genitive singular)
geminat (genitive plural)
geminacie (dative singular)
geminatom (dative plural)
geminatę (accusative singular)
geminaty (accusative plural)
geminatą (instrumental singular)
geminatami (instrumental plural)
geminacie (locative singular)
geminatach (locative plural)
geminato (singular vocative)
geminaty (plural vocative)


nektaryna

nektaryna (nominative singular)
nektaryny (nominative plural)
nektaryny (genitive singular)
nektaryn (genitive plural)
nektarynie (dative singular)
nektarynom (dative plural)
nektarynę (accusative singular)
nektaryny (accusative plural)
nektaryną (instrumental singular)
nektarynami (instrumental plural)
nektarynie (locative singular)
nektarynach (locative plural)
nektaryno (singular vocative)
nektaryny (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English nectarine, French nectarine, German Nektarine.

nectarine (cultivar of the peach distinguished by its skin being smooth, not fuzzy)


szałamaja

szałamaja (nominative singular)
szałamaje (nominative plural)
szałamai (genitive singular)
szałamaj (genitive plural)
szałamai (dative singular)
szałamajom (dative plural)
szałamaję (accusative singular)
szałamaje (accusative plural)
szałamają (instrumental singular)
szałamajami (instrumental plural)
szałamai (locative singular)
szałamajach (locative plural)
szałamajo (singular vocative)
szałamaje (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Schalmei, from Old French chalemie.


trąbka

pl-noun

trąbka f (diminutive trąbeczka, augmentative trąba)

trąbeczka (diminutive)
trąba (augmentative)
trąbka (nominative singular)
trąbki (nominative plural)
trąbki (genitive singular)
trąbek (genitive plural)
trąbce (dative singular)
trąbkom (dative plural)
trąbkę (accusative singular)
trąbki (accusative plural)
trąbką (instrumental singular)
trąbkami (instrumental plural)
trąbce (locative singular)
trąbkach (locative plural)
trąbko (singular vocative)
trąbki (plural vocative)


lutnia

lutnia (nominative singular)
lutnie (nominative plural)
lutni (genitive singular)
lutni (genitive plural)
lutni (dative singular)
lutniom (dative plural)
lutnię (accusative singular)
lutnie (accusative plural)
lutnią (instrumental singular)
lutniami (instrumental plural)
lutni (locative singular)
lutniach (locative plural)
lutnio (singular vocative)
lutnie (plural vocative)

From Middle High German lūte + -nia, from Italian liuto, from Middle French lut, from Old French leüt, probably from Old Occitan laüt, from Arabic اَلْعُود (al-ʕūd).


altówka

altówkowy (adjective)
altówka (nominative singular)
altówki (nominative plural)
altówki (genitive singular)
altówek (genitive plural)
altówce (dative singular)
altówkom (dative plural)
altówkę (accusative singular)
altówki (accusative plural)
altówką (instrumental singular)
altówkami (instrumental plural)
altówce (locative singular)
altówkach (locative plural)
altówko (singular vocative)
altówki (plural vocative)

From alt + -ówka. First attested in 1784.

ref

Gazeta Warszawska (in Polish), number 79, 1784, page 8

koncertmistrz altówek

wirtuoz altówki

brzmienie altówki

grać/zagrać na altówce

viola (stringed instrument of the violin family, somewhat larger than a violin, played under the chin, and having a deeper tone)


mandolina

mandolina (nominative singular)
mandoliny (nominative plural)
mandoliny (genitive singular)
mandolin (genitive plural)
mandolinie (dative singular)
mandolinom (dative plural)
mandolinę (accusative singular)
mandoliny (accusative plural)
mandoliną (instrumental singular)
mandolinami (instrumental plural)
mandolinie (locative singular)
mandolinach (locative plural)
mandolino (singular vocative)
mandoliny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French mandoline, from Italian mandolino.


Afrodyta

Afrodyta (nominative singular)
Afrodyty (genitive singular)
Afrodycie (dative singular)
Afrodytę (accusative singular)
Afrodytą (instrumental singular)
Afrodycie (locative singular)
Afrodyto (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἀφροδίτη (Aphrodítē).


przyjaźń

przyjaźń (nominative singular)
przyjaźnie (nominative plural)
przyjaźni (genitive singular)
przyjaźni (genitive plural)
przyjaźni (dative singular)
przyjaźniom (dative plural)
przyjaźń (accusative singular)
przyjaźnie (accusative plural)
przyjaźnią (instrumental singular)
przyjaźniami (instrumental plural)
przyjaźni (locative singular)
przyjaźniach (locative plural)
przyjaźni (singular vocative)
przyjaźnie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *prijaznь. By surface analysis, przyjać + -źń.


perła

pl-noun

perła f (diminutive perełka, related adjective perłowy)

perełka (diminutive)
perłowy (adjective)
perła (nominative singular)
perły (nominative plural)
perły (genitive singular)
pereł (genitive plural)
perle (dative singular)
perłom (dative plural)
perłę (accusative singular)
perły (accusative plural)
perłą (instrumental singular)
perłami (instrumental plural)
perle (locative singular)
perłach (locative plural)
perło (singular vocative)
perły (plural vocative)

pearl (shelly concretion, usually rounded and having a brilliant luster, with varying tints, found in the mantle, or between the mantle and shell, of certain bivalve mollusks, especially in the pearl oysters and river mussels, and sometimes in certain univalves)

(in the plural) pearls (necklace made of pearls)

(figurative) pearl (someone or something particularly outstanding or excellent)


rozpacz

rozpacz (nominative singular)
rozpaczy (genitive singular)
rozpaczy (dative singular)
rozpacz (accusative singular)
rozpaczą (instrumental singular)
rozpaczy (locative singular)
rozpaczy (singular vocative)


mozaika

mozaika (nominative singular)
mozaiki (nominative plural)
mozaiki (genitive singular)
mozaik (genitive plural)
mozaice (dative singular)
mozaikom (dative plural)
mozaikę (accusative singular)
mozaiki (accusative plural)
mozaiką (instrumental singular)
mozaikami (instrumental plural)
mozaice (locative singular)
mozaikach (locative plural)
mozaiko (singular vocative)
mozaiki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian mosaico, from Latin musaicum.


klepsydra

klepsydra (nominative singular)
klepsydry (nominative plural)
klepsydry (genitive singular)
klepsydr (genitive plural)
klepsydrze (dative singular)
klepsydrom (dative plural)
klepsydrę (accusative singular)
klepsydry (accusative plural)
klepsydrą (instrumental singular)
klepsydrami (instrumental plural)
klepsydrze (locative singular)
klepsydrach (locative plural)
klepsydro (singular vocative)
klepsydry (plural vocative)


dachówka

dachówka (nominative singular)
dachówki (nominative plural)
dachówki (genitive singular)
dachówek (genitive plural)
dachówce (dative singular)
dachówkom (dative plural)
dachówkę (accusative singular)
dachówki (accusative plural)
dachówką (instrumental singular)
dachówkami (instrumental plural)
dachówce (locative singular)
dachówkach (locative plural)
dachówko (singular vocative)
dachówki (plural vocative)


ruja

ruja f (diminutive rujka, related adjective rujowy)

rujka (diminutive)
rujowy (adjective)
ruja (nominative singular)
ruje (nominative plural)
rui (genitive singular)
rui (genitive plural)
rui (dative singular)
rujom (dative plural)
ruję (accusative singular)
ruje (accusative plural)
rują (instrumental singular)
rujami (instrumental plural)
rui (locative singular)
rujach (locative plural)
rujo (singular vocative)
ruje (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ruja. The late attestation of the word in Polish may indicate borrowing, most likely from Ukrainian руя (ruja).

(biology) heat, oestrus (state of a female animal that is ready for mating)


histeria

histeria (nominative singular)
histerii (genitive singular)
histerii (dative singular)
histerię (accusative singular)
histerią (instrumental singular)
histerii (locative singular)
histerio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English hysteria, from New Latin hysteria, from Latin hystericus, from Ancient Greek ὑστερικός (husterikós).

(psychology) hysteria (behavior exhibiting excessive or uncontrollable emotion)


Łaba

Łaba (nominative singular)
Łaby (genitive singular)
Łabie (dative singular)
Łabę (accusative singular)
Łabą (instrumental singular)
Łabie (locative singular)
Łabo (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *olba, from Proto-Germanic *albī.

Elbe (a river in the Czech Republic and Germany)


Zofia

Zosia (diminutive)
Zofia (nominative singular)
Zofie (nominative plural)
Zofii (genitive singular)
Zofii (genitive plural)
Zofij (archaic genitive plural)
Zofii (dative singular)
Zofiom (dative plural)
Zofię (accusative singular)
Zofie (accusative plural)
Zofią (instrumental singular)
Zofiami (instrumental plural)
Zofii (locative singular)
Zofiach (locative plural)
Zofio (singular vocative)
Zofie (plural vocative)

a female given name, equivalent to English Sophie


Elżbieta

pl-proper noun

Elżbieta f (diminutive Ela or Elka or Elżbietka or Elżunia or Halszka)

Ela (diminutive)
Elka (diminutive)
Elżbietka (diminutive)
Elżunia (diminutive)
Halszka (diminutive)
Elżbieta (nominative singular)
Elżbiety (nominative plural)
Elżbiety (genitive singular)
Elżbiet (genitive plural)
Elżbiecie (dative singular)
Elżbietom (dative plural)
Elżbietę (accusative singular)
Elżbiety (accusative plural)
Elżbietą (instrumental singular)
Elżbietami (instrumental plural)
Elżbiecie (locative singular)
Elżbietach (locative plural)
Elżbieto (singular vocative)
Elżbiety (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Elisabetha, from Ancient Greek Ἐλισάβετ (Elisábet), from Biblical Hebrew אלישבע (ʾĕlîšeḇaʿ). Doublet of Izabela.

a female given name, equivalent to English Elizabeth


Małgorzata

Małgorzata f (diminutive Gosia or Gośka or Małgosia or Małgośka, augmentative Gocha)

Gosia (diminutive)
Gośka (diminutive)
Małgosia (diminutive)
Małgośka (diminutive)
Gocha (augmentative)
Małgorzata (nominative singular)
Małgorzaty (nominative plural)
Małgorzaty (genitive singular)
Małgorzat (genitive plural)
Małgorzacie (dative singular)
Małgorzatom (dative plural)
Małgorzatę (accusative singular)
Małgorzaty (accusative plural)
Małgorzatą (instrumental singular)
Małgorzatami (instrumental plural)
Małgorzacie (locative singular)
Małgorzatach (locative plural)
Małgorzato (singular vocative)
Małgorzaty (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish Margorzata, from Latin Margarita, from Ancient Greek μαργαρίτης (margarítēs), from Indo-Iranian.

a female given name from Latin [in turn from Ancient Greek], equivalent to English Margaret


demokracja

demokracja (nominative singular)
demokracje (nominative plural)
demokracji (genitive singular)
demokracji (genitive plural)
demokracyj (archaic genitive plural)
demokracji (dative singular)
demokracjom (dative plural)
demokrację (accusative singular)
demokracje (accusative plural)
demokracją (instrumental singular)
demokracjami (instrumental plural)
demokracji (locative singular)
demokracjach (locative plural)
demokracjo (singular vocative)
demokracje (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin dēmocratia, from Ancient Greek δημοκράτια (dēmokrátia), from δῆμος (dêmos, “common people”) + κράτος (krátos, “rule, strength”).

(uncountable) democracy (rule by the people)

(countable) democracy (government under the rule of its people)


sejsmologia

sejsmologia (nominative singular)
sejsmologii (genitive singular)
sejsmologii (dative singular)
sejsmologię (accusative singular)
sejsmologią (instrumental singular)
sejsmologii (locative singular)
sejsmologio (singular vocative)

seismology (science of earthquakes and related phenomena)


jarki

inflection of jarka:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


lokomotywa

lokomotywka (diminutive)
lokomotywa (nominative singular)
lokomotywy (nominative plural)
lokomotywy (genitive singular)
lokomotyw (genitive plural)
lokomotywie (dative singular)
lokomotywom (dative plural)
lokomotywę (accusative singular)
lokomotywy (accusative plural)
lokomotywą (instrumental singular)
lokomotywami (instrumental plural)
lokomotywie (locative singular)
lokomotywach (locative plural)
lokomotywo (singular vocative)
lokomotywy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French locomotive, from Latin locō (literally “from a place”) (ablative of locus (“place”)) + Vulgar Latin mōtivus (“moving”).

(rail transport) locomotive (self-propelled vehicle that runs on rails)

(figurative) leader (one having authority)


przekątna

przekątna (nominative singular)
przekątne (nominative plural)
przekątnej (genitive singular)
przekątnych (genitive plural)
przekątnej (dative singular)
przekątnym (dative plural)
przekątną (accusative singular)
przekątne (accusative plural)
przekątną (instrumental singular)
przekątnymi (instrumental plural)
przekątnej (locative singular)
przekątnych (locative plural)
przekątna (singular vocative)
przekątne (plural vocative)


lemniskata

lemniskata (nominative singular)
lemniskaty (nominative plural)
lemniskaty (genitive singular)
lemniskat (genitive plural)
lemniskacie (dative singular)
lemniskatom (dative plural)
lemniskatę (accusative singular)
lemniskaty (accusative plural)
lemniskatą (instrumental singular)
lemniskatami (instrumental plural)
lemniskacie (locative singular)
lemniskatach (locative plural)
lemniskato (singular vocative)
lemniskaty (plural vocative)


styczna

styczna (nominative singular)
styczne (nominative plural)
stycznej (genitive singular)
stycznych (genitive plural)
stycznej (dative singular)
stycznym (dative plural)
styczną (accusative singular)
styczne (accusative plural)
styczną (instrumental singular)
stycznymi (instrumental plural)
stycznej (locative singular)
stycznych (locative plural)
styczna (singular vocative)
styczne (plural vocative)


trzcina

pl-noun

trzcina f (diminutive trzcinka, augmentative trzcinisko)

trzcinka (diminutive)
trzcinisko (augmentative)
trzcina (nominative singular)
trzciny (nominative plural)
trzciny (genitive singular)
trzcin (genitive plural)
trzcinie (dative singular)
trzcinom (dative plural)
trzcinę (accusative singular)
trzciny (accusative plural)
trzciną (instrumental singular)
trzcinami (instrumental plural)
trzcinie (locative singular)
trzcinach (locative plural)
trzcino (singular vocative)
trzciny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trъstina, from *trъstь + *-ina. By surface analysis, treść + -ina.

reed (hollow stem of these plants used as a material for making furniture and mats)

(ecology) cane brake, reed bed (reed thickets)

reed cane formerly used as an instrument of punishment


półprosta

półprosta (nominative singular)
półproste (nominative plural)
półprostej (genitive singular)
półprostych (genitive plural)
półprostej (dative singular)
półprostym (dative plural)
półprostą (accusative singular)
półproste (accusative plural)
półprostą (instrumental singular)
półprostymi (instrumental plural)
półprostej (locative singular)
półprostych (locative plural)
półprosta (singular vocative)
półproste (plural vocative)


płytki

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

inflection of płytka:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


prosta

prosta (nominative singular)
proste (nominative plural)
prostej (genitive singular)
prostych (genitive plural)
prostej (dative singular)
prostym (dative plural)
prostą (accusative singular)
proste (accusative plural)
prostą (instrumental singular)
prostymi (instrumental plural)
prostej (locative singular)
prostych (locative plural)
prosta (singular vocative)
proste (plural vocative)


krzywa

krzywa (nominative singular)
krzywe (nominative plural)
krzywej (genitive singular)
krzywych (genitive plural)
krzywej (dative singular)
krzywym (dative plural)
krzywą (accusative singular)
krzywe (accusative plural)
krzywą (instrumental singular)
krzywymi (instrumental plural)
krzywej (locative singular)
krzywych (locative plural)
krzywa (singular vocative)
krzywe (plural vocative)

krzywa dzwonowa


niania

niańka (diminutive)
niania (nominative singular)
nianie (nominative plural)
niani (genitive singular)
niań (genitive plural)
niani (dative singular)
nianiom (dative plural)
nianię (accusative singular)
nianie (accusative plural)
nianią (instrumental singular)
nianiami (instrumental plural)
niani (locative singular)
nianiach (locative plural)
nianiu (singular vocative)
nianie (plural vocative)

onomatopoeic

Nursery speech


prędkość

pl-noun

prędkość f (related adjective prędkościowy)

prędkościowy (adjective)
prędkość (nominative singular)
prędkości (nominative plural)
prędkości (genitive singular)
prędkości (genitive plural)
prędkości (dative singular)
prędkościom (dative plural)
prędkość (accusative singular)
prędkości (accusative plural)
prędkością (instrumental singular)
prędkościami (instrumental plural)
prędkości (locative singular)
prędkościach (locative plural)
prędkości (singular vocative)
prędkości (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish prędkość. By surface analysis, prędki + -ość. Compare Kashubian prãdkòsc.

(uncountable) rate, speed (tempo at which something happens)

(uncountable) speed (following something in a short period of time)

(countable, physics) velocity (vector quantity that denotes the rate of change of position with respect to time, combining speed with a directional component)


ostuda

ostuda (nominative singular)
ostudy (nominative plural)
ostudy (genitive singular)
ostud (genitive plural)
ostudzie (dative singular)
ostudom (dative plural)
ostudę (accusative singular)
ostudy (accusative plural)
ostudą (instrumental singular)
ostudami (instrumental plural)
ostudzie (locative singular)
ostudach (locative plural)
ostudo (singular vocative)
ostudy (plural vocative)


platyna

platyna (nominative singular)
platyny (genitive singular)
platynie (dative singular)
platynę (accusative singular)
platyną (instrumental singular)
platynie (locative singular)
platyno (singular vocative)

platinum (chemical element, Pt, atomic number 78)


padlina

padlina (nominative singular)
padliny (genitive singular)
padlinie (dative singular)
padlinę (accusative singular)
padliną (instrumental singular)
padlinie (locative singular)
padlino (singular vocative)


średnica

średnica (nominative singular)
średnice (nominative plural)
średnicy (genitive singular)
średnic (genitive plural)
średnicy (dative singular)
średnicom (dative plural)
średnicę (accusative singular)
średnice (accusative plural)
średnicą (instrumental singular)
średnicami (instrumental plural)
średnicy (locative singular)
średnicach (locative plural)
średnico (singular vocative)
średnice (plural vocative)


elektroda

elektroda (nominative singular)
elektrody (nominative plural)
elektrody (genitive singular)
elektrod (genitive plural)
elektrodzie (dative singular)
elektrodom (dative plural)
elektrodę (accusative singular)
elektrody (accusative plural)
elektrodą (instrumental singular)
elektrodami (instrumental plural)
elektrodzie (locative singular)
elektrodach (locative plural)
elektrodo (singular vocative)
elektrody (plural vocative)


anadiploza

anadiploza (nominative singular)
anadiplozy (nominative plural)
anadiplozy (genitive singular)
anadiploz (genitive plural)
anadiplozie (dative singular)
anadiplozom (dative plural)
anadiplozę (accusative singular)
anadiplozy (accusative plural)
anadiplozą (instrumental singular)
anadiplozami (instrumental plural)
anadiplozie (locative singular)
anadiplozach (locative plural)
anadiplozo (singular vocative)
anadiplozy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀναδίπλωσις (anadíplōsis, “repetition”). First attested in 1839.

ref

Wojciech Kazimirski (1839) Słownik francusko-polski (in Polish), page 55


Lubeka

Lubeka (nominative singular)
Lubeki (genitive singular)
Lubece (dative singular)
Lubekę (accusative singular)
Lubeką (instrumental singular)
Lubece (locative singular)
Lubeko (singular vocative)


Moza

Moza (nominative singular)
Mozy (genitive singular)
Mozie (dative singular)
Mozę (accusative singular)
Mozą (instrumental singular)
Mozie (locative singular)
Mozo (singular vocative)

Meuse (a major river in France, Belgium and the Netherlands)


Wełtawa

Wełtawa (nominative singular)
Wełtawy (genitive singular)
Wełtawie (dative singular)
Wełtawę (accusative singular)
Wełtawą (instrumental singular)
Wełtawie (locative singular)
Wełtawo (singular vocative)


Sekwana

Sekwana (nominative singular)
Sekwany (genitive singular)
Sekwanie (dative singular)
Sekwanę (accusative singular)
Sekwaną (instrumental singular)
Sekwanie (locative singular)
Sekwano (singular vocative)


Loara

Loara (nominative singular)
Loary (genitive singular)
Loarze (dative singular)
Loarę (accusative singular)
Loarą (instrumental singular)
Loarze (locative singular)
Loaro (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French Loire, from Latin Liger, Ligerim, itself a transcription of the native Gaulish name of the river, from Gaulish *liga (“silt, sediment, deposit, alluvium”), from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ- (“to lie, lay”).


Warta

Warta (nominative singular)
Warty (genitive singular)
Warcie (dative singular)
Wartę (accusative singular)
Wartą (instrumental singular)
Warcie (locative singular)
Warto (singular vocative)

Łódź Voivodeship
Łódź Voivodeship#English

Warta (a town in the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland, on the banks of the eponymous river)


bryła

bryłka (diminutive)
bryła (nominative singular)
bryły (nominative plural)
bryły (genitive singular)
brył (genitive plural)
bryle (dative singular)
bryłom (dative plural)
bryłę (accusative singular)
bryły (accusative plural)
bryłą (instrumental singular)
bryłami (instrumental plural)
bryle (locative singular)
bryłach (locative plural)
bryło (singular vocative)
bryły (plural vocative)

(geometry) solid (a three-dimensional figure)


plazma

plazma (nominative singular)
plazmy (nominative plural)
plazmy (genitive singular)
plazm (genitive plural)
plazmie (dative singular)
plazmom (dative plural)
plazmę (accusative singular)
plazmy (accusative plural)
plazmą (instrumental singular)
plazmami (instrumental plural)
plazmie (locative singular)
plazmach (locative plural)
plazmo (singular vocative)
plazmy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English plasma, from Late Latin plasma, from Ancient Greek πλάσμα (plásma).

(physics) plasma (a state of matter consisting of fully ionized gas)


Tamiza

Tamiza (nominative singular)
Tamizy (genitive singular)
Tamizie (dative singular)
Tamizę (accusative singular)
Tamizą (instrumental singular)
Tamizie (locative singular)
Tamizo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Thames, from Middle English Temese, from Old English Temes, Temese, from Latin Tamesis, Tamesas, of Celtic origin.


belle époque

Unadapted borrowing from French Belle Époque.

ubor

(by extension, figuratively) auspicious, happy period in someone's life


pliszka

pliszka (nominative singular)
pliszki (nominative plural)
pliszki (genitive singular)
pliszek (genitive plural)
pliszce (dative singular)
pliszkom (dative plural)
pliszkę (accusative singular)
pliszki (accusative plural)
pliszką (instrumental singular)
pliszkami (instrumental plural)
pliszce (locative singular)
pliszkach (locative plural)
pliszko (singular vocative)
pliszki (plural vocative)

wagtail (any bird of the genus Motacilla)


oleica

oleica (nominative singular)
oleice (nominative plural)
oleicy (genitive singular)
oleic (genitive plural)
oleicy (dative singular)
oleicom (dative plural)
oleicę (accusative singular)
oleice (accusative plural)
oleicą (instrumental singular)
oleicami (instrumental plural)
oleicy (locative singular)
oleicach (locative plural)
oleico (singular vocative)
oleice (plural vocative)

oil beetle (any member of the genus Meloe)


gangrena

pl-noun

gangrena f (related adjective gangrenowy)

gangrenowy (adjective)
gangrena (nominative singular)
gangreny (nominative plural)
gangreny (genitive singular)
gangren (genitive plural)
gangrenie (dative singular)
gangrenom (dative plural)
gangrenę (accusative singular)
gangreny (accusative plural)
gangreną (instrumental singular)
gangrenami (instrumental plural)
gangrenie (locative singular)
gangrenach (locative plural)
gangreno (singular vocative)
gangreny (plural vocative)

(uncountable, medicine) gangrene (necrosis or rotting of flesh, usually caused by lack of blood supply)

(uncountable, figurative, literary) gangrene (damaging or corrupting influence)

(countable, colloquial, derogatory, figurative) unpleasant or annoying person


treonina

treonina (nominative singular)
treoniny (nominative plural)
treoniny (genitive singular)
treonin (genitive plural)
treoninie (dative singular)
treoninom (dative plural)
treoninę (accusative singular)
treoniny (accusative plural)
treoniną (instrumental singular)
treoninami (instrumental plural)
treoninie (locative singular)
treoninach (locative plural)
treonino (singular vocative)
treoniny (plural vocative)


oleina

oleina (nominative singular)
oleiny (genitive singular)
oleinie (dative singular)
oleinę (accusative singular)
oleiną (instrumental singular)
oleinie (locative singular)
oleino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English olein, French oléine, German Olein. By surface analysis, olej + -ina.

(organic chemistry) oleic acid, olein (any naturally-occurring greasy or oily substance related to fat)


glacjologia

glaciology (study of glaciers, or more generally of natural phenomena that involve ice)


Wenecja

Wenecja (nominative singular)
Wenecji (genitive singular)
Wenecji (dative singular)
Wenecję (accusative singular)
Wenecją (instrumental singular)
Wenecji (locative singular)
Wenecjo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Italian Venezia, from Latin Venetia.


wydma

wydmowy (adjective)
wydma (nominative singular)
wydmy (nominative plural)
wydmy (genitive singular)
wydm (genitive plural)
wydmie (dative singular)
wydmom (dative plural)
wydmę (accusative singular)
wydmy (accusative plural)
wydmą (instrumental singular)
wydmami (instrumental plural)
wydmie (locative singular)
wydmach (locative plural)
wydmo (singular vocative)
wydmy (plural vocative)

dune (ridge or hill of sand piled up by the wind)


Antarktyda

pl-prop

Antarktyda f (related adjective antarktydzki)

antarktydzki (adjective)
Antarktyda (nominative singular)
Antarktydy (genitive singular)
Antarktydzie (dative singular)
Antarktydę (accusative singular)
Antarktydą (instrumental singular)
Antarktydzie (locative singular)
Antarktydo (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare Italian Antartide, Portuguese Antártida, Romanian Antarctida, Russian Антаркти́да (Antarktída), Spanish Antártida. More distantly cognate to English Antarctica. Doublet of Antarktyka.

Antarctica (southernmost continent, south of the Southern Ocean, containing the South Pole)


sylaba

sylaba (nominative singular)
sylaby (nominative plural)
sylaby (genitive singular)
sylab (genitive plural)
sylabie (dative singular)
sylabom (dative plural)
sylabę (accusative singular)
sylaby (accusative plural)
sylabą (instrumental singular)
sylabami (instrumental plural)
sylabie (locative singular)
sylabach (locative plural)
sylabo (singular vocative)
sylaby (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin syllaba, from Ancient Greek συλλαβή (sullabḗ).


jemiołuszka

jemiołuszka (nominative singular)
jemiołuszki (nominative plural)
jemiołuszki (genitive singular)
jemiołuszek (genitive plural)
jemiołuszce (dative singular)
jemiołuszkom (dative plural)
jemiołuszkę (accusative singular)
jemiołuszki (accusative plural)
jemiołuszką (instrumental singular)
jemiołuszkami (instrumental plural)
jemiołuszce (locative singular)
jemiołuszkach (locative plural)
jemiołuszko (singular vocative)
jemiołuszki (plural vocative)

waxwing; any songbird belonging to the genus Bombycilla, particularly the Bohemian waxwing


lawenda

lawenda (nominative singular)
lawendy (nominative plural)
lawendy (genitive singular)
lawend (genitive plural)
lawendzie (dative singular)
lawendom (dative plural)
lawendę (accusative singular)
lawendy (accusative plural)
lawendą (instrumental singular)
lawendami (instrumental plural)
lawendzie (locative singular)
lawendach (locative plural)
lawendo (singular vocative)
lawendy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian lavanda, from Latin lavanda.


antylopa

antylopa (nominative singular)
antylopy (nominative plural)
antylopy (genitive singular)
antylop (genitive plural)
antylopie (dative singular)
antylopom (dative plural)
antylopę (accusative singular)
antylopy (accusative plural)
antylopą (instrumental singular)
antylopami (instrumental plural)
antylopie (locative singular)
antylopach (locative plural)
antylopo (singular vocative)
antylopy (plural vocative)

Possibly from Greek ἀνθόλοψ (anthólops).


cykada

cykada (nominative singular)
cykady (nominative plural)
cykady (genitive singular)
cykad (genitive plural)
cykadzie (dative singular)
cykadom (dative plural)
cykadę (accusative singular)
cykady (accusative plural)
cykadą (instrumental singular)
cykadami (instrumental plural)
cykadzie (locative singular)
cykadach (locative plural)
cykado (singular vocative)
cykady (plural vocative)

cicada (any of several insects of the order Hemiptera)


grzywa

grzywa (nominative singular)
grzywy (nominative plural)
grzywy (genitive singular)
grzyw (genitive plural)
grzywie (dative singular)
grzywom (dative plural)
grzywę (accusative singular)
grzywy (accusative plural)
grzywą (instrumental singular)
grzywami (instrumental plural)
grzywie (locative singular)
grzywach (locative plural)
grzywo (singular vocative)
grzywy (plural vocative)


mięta

mięta (nominative singular)
mięty (nominative plural)
mięty (genitive singular)
mięt (genitive plural)
mięcie (dative singular)
miętom (dative plural)
miętę (accusative singular)
mięty (accusative plural)
miętą (instrumental singular)
miętami (instrumental plural)
mięcie (locative singular)
miętach (locative plural)
mięto (singular vocative)
mięty (plural vocative)


perliczka

perliczka (nominative singular)
perliczki (nominative plural)
perliczki (genitive singular)
perliczek (genitive plural)
perliczce (dative singular)
perliczkom (dative plural)
perliczkę (accusative singular)
perliczki (accusative plural)
perliczką (instrumental singular)
perliczkami (instrumental plural)
perliczce (locative singular)
perliczkach (locative plural)
perliczko (singular vocative)
perliczki (plural vocative)


uczta

uczta (nominative singular)
uczty (nominative plural)
uczty (genitive singular)
uczt (genitive plural)
uczcie (dative singular)
ucztom (dative plural)
ucztę (accusative singular)
uczty (accusative plural)
ucztą (instrumental singular)
ucztami (instrumental plural)
uczcie (locative singular)
ucztach (locative plural)
uczto (singular vocative)
uczty (plural vocative)

(figuratively) feast (something delightful)


Sycylia

Sycylia (nominative singular)
Sycylii (genitive singular)
Sycylii (dative singular)
Sycylię (accusative singular)
Sycylią (instrumental singular)
Sycylii (locative singular)
Sycylio (singular vocative)

Sicily (The largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, an autonomous region of Italy, close to Africa and separated from Tunisia and Libya by the Strait of Sicily)


fanfara

fanfarowy (adjective)
fanfara (nominative singular)
fanfary (nominative plural)
fanfary (genitive singular)
fanfar (genitive plural)
fanfarze (dative singular)
fanfarom (dative plural)
fanfarę (accusative singular)
fanfary (accusative plural)
fanfarą (instrumental singular)
fanfarami (instrumental plural)
fanfarze (locative singular)
fanfarach (locative plural)
fanfaro (singular vocative)
fanfary (plural vocative)

(music) fanfare (flourish of trumpets or horns)


Galicja

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Gallicia, Gallitia, from Old East Slavic Галичь (Galičĭ).

lbor

(historical) Galicia (a historical region in central Europe, in modern Poland and Ukraine)


Galicja

Galicja (nominative singular)
Galicji (genitive singular)
Galicji (dative singular)
Galicję (accusative singular)
Galicją (instrumental singular)
Galicji (locative singular)
Galicjo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Gallicia, from Latin Gallaecia, from Gallaecī.

autonomous community
autonomous community

Galicia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Grenlandia

Grenlandia (nominative singular)
Grenlandii (genitive singular)
Grenlandii (dative singular)
Grenlandię (accusative singular)
Grenlandią (instrumental singular)
Grenlandii (locative singular)
Grenlandio (singular vocative)

Ultimately, from Old Norse Grœnland (“Greenland”), from grœnn (“green”) + land (“land”).

Greenland (a large self-governing island and dependent territory of Denmark, in North America)


Jerozolima

pl-prop

Jerozolima f (related adjective jerozolimski)

jerozolimski (adjective)
Jerozolima (nominative singular)
Jerozolimy (genitive singular)
Jerozolimie (dative singular)
Jerozolimę (accusative singular)
Jerozolimą (instrumental singular)
Jerozolimie (locative singular)
Jerozolimo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Hierosolyma. Doublet of Jeruzalem.

lbor

Jerusalem (the claimed (and de-facto) capital city of Israel; the claimed capital city of Palestine)


Korsyka

Korsyka (nominative singular)
Korsyki (genitive singular)
Korsyce (dative singular)
Korsykę (accusative singular)
Korsyką (instrumental singular)
Korsyce (locative singular)
Korsyko (singular vocative)


fantasmagoria

fantasmagoria (nominative singular)
fantasmagorie (nominative plural)
fantasmagorii (genitive singular)
fantasmagorii (genitive plural)
fantasmagoryj (archaic genitive plural)
fantasmagorii (dative singular)
fantasmagoriom (dative plural)
fantasmagorię (accusative singular)
fantasmagorie (accusative plural)
fantasmagorią (instrumental singular)
fantasmagoriami (instrumental plural)
fantasmagorii (locative singular)
fantasmagoriach (locative plural)
fantasmagorio (singular vocative)
fantasmagorie (plural vocative)

(literary) phantasmagoria (dreamlike state where real and imagined elements are blurred together)


liczba mnoga

lm (abbreviation)
lm. (abbreviation)
liczba mnoga (nominative singular)
liczby mnogiej (genitive singular)
liczbie mnogiej (dative singular)
liczbę mnogą (accusative singular)
liczbą mnogą (instrumental singular)
liczbie mnogiej (locative singular)
liczbo mnoga (singular vocative)

(linguistics) plural (word in plural form)


Nowa Kaledonia

Nowa Kaledonia (nominative singular)
Nowej Kaledonii (genitive singular)
Nowej Kaledonii (dative singular)
Nową Kaledonię (accusative singular)
Nową Kaledonią (instrumental singular)
Nowej Kaledonii (locative singular)
Nowa Kaledonio (singular vocative)

New Caledonia (an archipelago and overseas territory of France in Oceania)


mamusia

mamusia (nominative singular)
mamusie (nominative plural)
mamusi (genitive singular)
mamuś (genitive plural)
mamusi (dative singular)
mamusiom (dative plural)
mamusię (accusative singular)
mamusie (accusative plural)
mamusią (instrumental singular)
mamusiami (instrumental plural)
mamusi (locative singular)
mamusiach (locative plural)
mamusiu (singular vocative)
mamusie (plural vocative)


Florencja

Florencja (nominative singular)
Florencji (genitive singular)
Florencji (dative singular)
Florencję (accusative singular)
Florencją (instrumental singular)
Florencji (locative singular)
Florencjo (singular vocative)


ekskomunika

ekskomunika (nominative singular)
ekskomuniki (nominative plural)
ekskomuniki (genitive singular)
ekskomunik (genitive plural)
ekskomunice (dative singular)
ekskomunikom (dative plural)
ekskomunikę (accusative singular)
ekskomuniki (accusative plural)
ekskomuniką (instrumental singular)
ekskomunikami (instrumental plural)
ekskomunice (locative singular)
ekskomunikach (locative plural)
ekskomuniko (singular vocative)
ekskomuniki (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin excommūnicātiō.


Kopenhaga

Kopenhaga (nominative singular)
Kopenhagi (genitive singular)
Kopenhadze (dative singular)
Kopenhagę (accusative singular)
Kopenhagą (instrumental singular)
Kopenhadze (locative singular)
Kopenhago (singular vocative)

Ultimately from Danish København, from Old Danish Køpmannæhafn.

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


powierzchnia

pl-noun

powierzchnia f (related adjective powierzchniowy, abbreviation pow.)

powierzchniowy (adjective)
pow. (abbreviation)
powierzchnia (nominative singular)
powierzchnie (nominative plural)
powierzchni (genitive singular)
powierzchni (genitive plural)
powierzchń (genitive plural)
powierzchni (dative singular)
powierzchniom (dative plural)
powierzchnię (accusative singular)
powierzchnie (accusative plural)
powierzchnią (instrumental singular)
powierzchniami (instrumental plural)
powierzchni (locative singular)
powierzchniach (locative plural)
powierzchnio (singular vocative)
powierzchnie (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: pòwierzchniô

From powierzchni + -a. First attested in 1612.

ref

Paweł Kupiszewski (30.03.2020) “POWIERZCHNIA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]

surface (overside or up-side of a flat object such as a table, or of a liquid)

area, surface area (measure of the extent of a surface)

(literary) surface (outward or external appearance)

surface (outside hull of a tangible object)

(obsolete, mining) surface (top layer of earth above the mine; layer not underground)


leszczyna

leszczyna (nominative singular)
leszczyny (nominative plural)
leszczyny (genitive singular)
leszczyn (genitive plural)
leszczynie (dative singular)
leszczynom (dative plural)
leszczynę (accusative singular)
leszczyny (accusative plural)
leszczyną (instrumental singular)
leszczynami (instrumental plural)
leszczynie (locative singular)
leszczynach (locative plural)
leszczyno (singular vocative)
leszczyny (plural vocative)

hazel (any tree or shrub of the genus Corylus)


głupota

głupota (nominative singular)
głupoty (nominative plural)
głupoty (genitive singular)
głupot (genitive plural)
głupocie (dative singular)
głupotom (dative plural)
głupotę (accusative singular)
głupoty (accusative plural)
głupotą (instrumental singular)
głupotami (instrumental plural)
głupocie (locative singular)
głupotach (locative plural)
głupoto (singular vocative)
głupoty (plural vocative)

Nie gadaj głupot.


ochrona

ochrona (nominative singular)
ochrony (genitive singular)
ochronie (dative singular)
ochronę (accusative singular)
ochroną (instrumental singular)
ochronie (locative singular)
ochrono (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *o(b)xorna. By surface analysis, deverbal from ochronić. First attested in 1588.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “ochrona”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

+obj

protection (act of making safe or removing danger) [with przed (+ instrumental) ‘from what’]

(collective) protection; bodyguard (person or group of people performing this act)

protection (object that provides such protection) [with przed (+ instrumental) ‘from what’]

(obsolete) protection; orphanage; shelter, asylum, refuge (institution providing a safe place, especially one for orphans)


depresja

depresja (nominative singular)
depresje (nominative plural)
depresji (genitive singular)
depresji (genitive plural)
depresyj (archaic genitive plural)
depresji (dative singular)
depresjom (dative plural)
depresję (accusative singular)
depresje (accusative plural)
depresją (instrumental singular)
depresjami (instrumental plural)
depresji (locative singular)
depresjach (locative plural)
depresjo (singular vocative)
depresje (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English depression, French dépression, German Depression, ultimately from Latin dēpressiō.

(clinical psychology, medicine) dejection, depression, despondency, lethargy, spleen (state of mind producing serious long-term lowering of enjoyment)

(economics) depression (period of major economic contraction)

(geography) depression, lowland (low area)

(meteorology) depression, low (area of lowered air pressure)


czujność

czujność (nominative singular)
czujności (genitive singular)
czujności (dative singular)
czujność (accusative singular)
czujnością (instrumental singular)
czujności (locative singular)
czujności (singular vocative)


trumna

pl-noun

trumna f (diminutive trumienka, augmentative trumnisko)

trumienka (diminutive)
trumnisko (augmentative)
trumna (nominative singular)
trumny (nominative plural)
trumny (genitive singular)
trumien (genitive plural)
trumnie (dative singular)
trumnom (dative plural)
trumnę (accusative singular)
trumny (accusative plural)
trumną (instrumental singular)
trumnami (instrumental plural)
trumnie (locative singular)
trumnach (locative plural)
trumno (singular vocative)
trumny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish trona (“chest”), from Middle High German truhe, from Old High German truha. Compare Ukrainian труна́ (truná).

inh+

(colloquial) airplane or ship with a risk of disaster


teczka

pl-noun

teczka f (diminutive teczuszka, related adjective teczkowy)

teczuszka (diminutive)
teczkowy (adjective)
teczka (nominative singular)
teczki (nominative plural)
teczki (genitive singular)
teczek (genitive plural)
teczce (dative singular)
teczkom (dative plural)
teczkę (accusative singular)
teczki (accusative plural)
teczką (instrumental singular)
teczkami (instrumental plural)
teczce (locative singular)
teczkach (locative plural)
teczko (singular vocative)
teczki (plural vocative)

folder (organiser for keeping papers in)


peruka

peruczka (diminutive)
peruka (nominative singular)
peruki (nominative plural)
peruki (genitive singular)
peruk (genitive plural)
peruce (dative singular)
perukom (dative plural)
perukę (accusative singular)
peruki (accusative plural)
peruką (instrumental singular)
perukami (instrumental plural)
peruce (locative singular)
perukach (locative plural)
peruko (singular vocative)
peruki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French perruque, from Italian perrucca.


pielęgniarka

pielęgniarka (nominative singular)
pielęgniarki (nominative plural)
pielęgniarki (genitive singular)
pielęgniarek (genitive plural)
pielęgniarce (dative singular)
pielęgniarkom (dative plural)
pielęgniarkę (accusative singular)
pielęgniarki (accusative plural)
pielęgniarką (instrumental singular)
pielęgniarkami (instrumental plural)
pielęgniarce (locative singular)
pielęgniarkach (locative plural)
pielęgniarko (singular vocative)
pielęgniarki (plural vocative)


mżawka

mżawka (nominative singular)
mżawki (nominative plural)
mżawki (genitive singular)
mżawek (genitive plural)
mżawce (dative singular)
mżawkom (dative plural)
mżawkę (accusative singular)
mżawki (accusative plural)
mżawką (instrumental singular)
mżawkami (instrumental plural)
mżawce (locative singular)
mżawkach (locative plural)
mżawko (singular vocative)
mżawki (plural vocative)


Haga

Haga (nominative singular)
Hagi (genitive singular)
Hadze (dative singular)
Hagę (accusative singular)
Hagą (instrumental singular)
Hadze (locative singular)
Hago (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Dutch Den Haag, short form of 's-Gravenhage, from Middle Dutch des Graven hage.

The Hague (the administrative capital of the Netherlands)


organizacja

organizacja f (related adjective organizacyjny)

organizacyjny (adjective)
organizacja (nominative singular)
organizacje (nominative plural)
organizacji (genitive singular)
organizacji (genitive plural)
organizacyj (archaic genitive plural)
organizacji (dative singular)
organizacjom (dative plural)
organizację (accusative singular)
organizacje (accusative plural)
organizacją (instrumental singular)
organizacjami (instrumental plural)
organizacji (locative singular)
organizacjach (locative plural)
organizacjo (singular vocative)
organizacje (plural vocative)

Kashubian: òrganizacjô

Borrowed from French organisation. By surface analysis, organizować + -cja. First attested in 1743.

ref

Wojciech Bystrzonowski (1743) Wojciech Bystrzonowski, Jnformacya matematyczna, rozumnie ciekawego polaka Swiat cały, niebo, y ziemię, y co ná nich iest, w trudnych kwestyach y praktyce, iemuż ułatwiająca (in Polish), JNFORMACYA COSMOGRAFICZNA O SFERZE SWIATA, page E2v: “Pierwsza iáko instrument ucho w swoiey organizácyi wydoskonalone y duszą żyiącą ożywione.”

(countable) organization (group of people or nations cooperating)

(uncountable) organization (act of organizing)

(uncountable) organization (manner of organizing)


parafia

parafia (nominative singular)
parafie (nominative plural)
parafii (genitive singular)
parafii (genitive plural)
parafij (archaic genitive plural)
parafii (dative singular)
parafiom (dative plural)
parafię (accusative singular)
parafie (accusative plural)
parafią (instrumental singular)
parafiami (instrumental plural)
parafii (locative singular)
parafiach (locative plural)
parafio (singular vocative)
parafie (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: parafiô

→ Masurian: parasijá

→ Silesian: parafijŏ

→ Slovincian: parafjija

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek παραφυία (paraphuía), as a Lutheran term with contamination from earlier parochia, a Catholic term. First attested in 1547.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “parafija”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(Christianity) parish (part of a diocese)

(Christianity, colloquial) parish church

(collective) parish (community attending that church; the members of the parish)


kazamata

kazamata (nominative singular)
kazamaty (nominative plural)
kazamaty (genitive singular)
kazamat (genitive plural)
kazamacie (dative singular)
kazamatom (dative plural)
kazamatę (accusative singular)
kazamaty (accusative plural)
kazamatą (instrumental singular)
kazamatami (instrumental plural)
kazamacie (locative singular)
kazamatach (locative plural)
kazamato (singular vocative)
kazamaty (plural vocative)


pisanka

pisanka (nominative singular)
pisanki (nominative plural)
pisanki (genitive singular)
pisanek (genitive plural)
pisance (dative singular)
pisankom (dative plural)
pisankę (accusative singular)
pisanki (accusative plural)
pisanką (instrumental singular)
pisankami (instrumental plural)
pisance (locative singular)
pisankach (locative plural)
pisanko (singular vocative)
pisanki (plural vocative)

pisanka (dyed Easter egg with intricate designs)


infrastruktura

infrastruktura (nominative singular)
infrastruktury (nominative plural)
infrastruktury (genitive singular)
infrastruktur (genitive plural)
infrastrukturze (dative singular)
infrastrukturom (dative plural)
infrastrukturę (accusative singular)
infrastruktury (accusative plural)
infrastrukturą (instrumental singular)
infrastrukturami (instrumental plural)
infrastrukturze (locative singular)
infrastrukturach (locative plural)
infrastrukturo (singular vocative)
infrastruktury (plural vocative)


zatoka

pl-noun

zatoka f (diminutive zatoczka, related adjective zatokowy)

zatoczka (diminutive)
zatokowy (adjective)
zatoka (nominative singular)
zatoki (nominative plural)
zatoki (genitive singular)
zatok (genitive plural)
zatoce (dative singular)
zatokom (dative plural)
zatokę (accusative singular)
zatoki (accusative plural)
zatoką (instrumental singular)
zatokami (instrumental plural)
zatoce (locative singular)
zatokach (locative plural)
zatoko (singular vocative)
zatoki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zatoka, *zatokъ.

inh+

bay, cove, gulf (body of water (especially the sea) more-or-less three-quarters surrounded by land)

(anatomy, colloquial) bald spot in the shape of one of two depressions above the forehead

lay-by (widening of a roadway for some length at the expense of a sidewalk or shoulder, serving as a stop or parking space)

(anatomy, usually in the plural) sinus (sac or cavity in any organ or tissue, or an abnormal cavity or passage caused by the destruction of tissue)


fumarola

fumarola (nominative singular)
fumarole (nominative plural)
fumaroli (genitive singular)
fumarol (genitive plural)
fumaroli (dative singular)
fumarolom (dative plural)
fumarolę (accusative singular)
fumarole (accusative plural)
fumarolą (instrumental singular)
fumarolami (instrumental plural)
fumaroli (locative singular)
fumarolach (locative plural)
fumarolo (singular vocative)
fumarole (plural vocative)


Golgota

golgotowy (adjective)
Golgota (nominative singular)
Golgoty (genitive singular)
Golgocie (dative singular)
Golgotę (accusative singular)
Golgotą (instrumental singular)
Golgocie (locative singular)
Golgoto (singular vocative)

(biblical) Calvary, Golgotha (hill outside Jerusalem where Jesus was crucified)

(Christianity) Calvary (complex of chapels connected by pathways, symbolically commemorating the Way of the Cross of Jesus in Jerusalem, which he passed to Calvary, the place of crucifixion)


krótkofalówka

krótkofalówka (nominative singular)
krótkofalówki (nominative plural)
krótkofalówki (genitive singular)
krótkofalówek (genitive plural)
krótkofalówce (dative singular)
krótkofalówkom (dative plural)
krótkofalówkę (accusative singular)
krótkofalówki (accusative plural)
krótkofalówką (instrumental singular)
krótkofalówkami (instrumental plural)
krótkofalówce (locative singular)
krótkofalówkach (locative plural)
krótkofalówko (singular vocative)
krótkofalówki (plural vocative)


Toskania

Toskania (nominative singular)
Toskanii (genitive singular)
Toskanii (dative singular)
Toskanię (accusative singular)
Toskanią (instrumental singular)
Toskanii (locative singular)
Toskanio (singular vocative)

administrative region
administrative region

Tuscany (an administrative region of Italy, located north of Lazio and south of Emilia-Romagna)


Skandynawia

Skandynawia (nominative singular)
Skandynawii (genitive singular)
Skandynawii (dative singular)
Skandynawię (accusative singular)
Skandynawią (instrumental singular)
Skandynawii (locative singular)
Skandynawio (singular vocative)

Scandinavia (a region of Northern Europe)


Hawana

Hawana (nominative singular)
Hawany (genitive singular)
Hawanie (dative singular)
Hawanę (accusative singular)
Hawaną (instrumental singular)
Hawanie (locative singular)
Hawano (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish La Habana, from Taíno Habaguanex.


Unia Europejska

pl-prop

Unia Europejska f (related adjective unijny, abbreviation UE)

unijny (adjective)
UE (abbreviation)
Unia Europejska (nominative singular)
Unii Europejskiej (genitive singular)
Unii Europejskiej (dative singular)
Unię Europejską (accusative singular)
Unią Europejską (instrumental singular)
Unii Europejskiej (locative singular)
Unio Europejska (singular vocative)

European Union (European supranational organization)


fretka

fretka (nominative singular)
fretki (nominative plural)
fretki (genitive singular)
fretek (genitive plural)
fretce (dative singular)
fretkom (dative plural)
fretkę (accusative singular)
fretki (accusative plural)
fretką (instrumental singular)
fretkami (instrumental plural)
fretce (locative singular)
fretkach (locative plural)
fretko (singular vocative)
fretki (plural vocative)

Mustela putorius furo
Mustela putorius furo#Translingual


gwara

gwara (nominative singular)
gwary (nominative plural)
gwary (genitive singular)
gwar (genitive plural)
gwarze (dative singular)
gwarom (dative plural)
gwarę (accusative singular)
gwary (accusative plural)
gwarą (instrumental singular)
gwarami (instrumental plural)
gwarze (locative singular)
gwarach (locative plural)
gwaro (singular vocative)
gwary (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gvara, *gvarъ.

inh+

(linguistics) non-standard dialect, vernacular


deskorolka

deskorolka (nominative singular)
deskorolki (nominative plural)
deskorolki (genitive singular)
deskorolek (genitive plural)
deskorolce (dative singular)
deskorolkom (dative plural)
deskorolkę (accusative singular)
deskorolki (accusative plural)
deskorolką (instrumental singular)
deskorolkami (instrumental plural)
deskorolce (locative singular)
deskorolkach (locative plural)
deskorolko (singular vocative)
deskorolki (plural vocative)


nimfa

nimfa (nominative singular)
nimfy (nominative plural)
nimfy (genitive singular)
nimf (genitive plural)
nimfie (dative singular)
nimfom (dative plural)
nimfę (accusative singular)
nimfy (accusative plural)
nimfą (instrumental singular)
nimfami (instrumental plural)
nimfie (locative singular)
nimfach (locative plural)
nimfo (singular vocative)
nimfy (plural vocative)

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) nymph (water, forest, or mountain spirit)


kabona

kabona (nominative singular)
kabony (genitive singular)
kabonie (dative singular)
kabonę (accusative singular)
kaboną (instrumental singular)
kabonie (locative singular)
kabono (singular vocative)


chujnia

chujnia (nominative singular)
chujnie (nominative plural)
chujni (genitive singular)
chujni (genitive plural)
chujni (dative singular)
chujniom (dative plural)
chujnię (accusative singular)
chujnie (accusative plural)
chujnią (instrumental singular)
chujniami (instrumental plural)
chujni (locative singular)
chujniach (locative plural)
chujnio (singular vocative)
chujnie (plural vocative)

Probably from Russian хуйня́ (xujnjá), from Proto-Slavic *xujьňà. By surface analysis, chuj + -nia.

(vulgar, colloquial) something wrong; bad situation; SNAFU; clusterfuck


ściema

ściema (nominative singular)
ściemy (nominative plural)
ściemy (genitive singular)
ściem (genitive plural)
ściemie (dative singular)
ściemom (dative plural)
ściemę (accusative singular)
ściemy (accusative plural)
ściemą (instrumental singular)
ściemami (instrumental plural)
ściemie (locative singular)
ściemach (locative plural)
ściemo (singular vocative)
ściemy (plural vocative)

From ściemniać (“slang: to lie, obfuscate”, literally “to darken”).

(slang, colloquial) bull (lie, nonsense)


niezgoda

niezgoda (nominative singular)
niezgody (genitive singular)
niezgodzie (dative singular)
niezgodę (accusative singular)
niezgodą (instrumental singular)
niezgodzie (locative singular)
niezgodo (singular vocative)


kość niezgody

kość niezgody (nominative singular)
kości niezgody (genitive singular)
kości niezgody (dative singular)
kość niezgody (accusative singular)
kością niezgody (instrumental singular)
kości niezgody (locative singular)
kości niezgody (singular vocative)

/kɔɕt͡ɕ ɲɛzˈɡɔ.dɨ/

(idiomatic) bone of contention, apple of discord (something that continues to be disputed)


łaska

łaska (nominative singular)
łaski (nominative plural)
łaski (genitive singular)
łask (genitive plural)
łasce (dative singular)
łaskom (dative plural)
łaskę (accusative singular)
łaski (accusative plural)
łaską (instrumental singular)
łaskami (instrumental plural)
łasce (locative singular)
łaskach (locative plural)
łasko (singular vocative)
łaski (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *laska. Perhaps a doublet of laska.


łaska

łaska (nominative singular)
łaski (nominative plural)
łaski (genitive singular)
łasek (genitive plural)
łasce (dative singular)
łaskom (dative plural)
łaskę (accusative singular)
łaski (accusative plural)
łaską (instrumental singular)
łaskami (instrumental plural)
łasce (locative singular)
łaskach (locative plural)
łasko (singular vocative)
łaski (plural vocative)

Mustela nivalis
Mustela nivalis#Translingual

(colloquial) least weasel (Mustela nivalis)


kropla w morzu

kropla w morzu (nominative singular)
krople w morzu (nominative plural)
kropli w morzu (genitive singular)
kropli w morzu (genitive plural)
kropli w morzu (dative singular)
kroplom w morzu (dative plural)
kroplę w morzu (accusative singular)
krople w morzu (accusative plural)
kroplą w morzu (instrumental singular)
kroplami w morzu (instrumental plural)
kropli w morzu (locative singular)
kroplach w morzu (locative plural)
kroplo w morzu (singular vocative)
krople w morzu (plural vocative)

kropla w morzu potrzeb
kropla w morzu potrzeb#Polish

(idiomatic) Alternative form of kropla w morzu potrzeb


kropla

kropelka (diminutive)
kropla (nominative singular)
krople (nominative plural)
kropli (genitive singular)
kropli (genitive plural)
kropel (genitive plural)
kropli (dative singular)
kroplom (dative plural)
kroplę (accusative singular)
krople (accusative plural)
kroplą (instrumental singular)
kroplami (instrumental plural)
kropli (locative singular)
kroplach (locative plural)
kroplo (singular vocative)
krople (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: кро́пля (króplja)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kropľa (from older *kropja), derived from Proto-Slavic *kropiti + deverbal suffix *-ja. This is one of the few examples of native words with an epenthetic -l- (*pj > *pľ) inserted into the final syllable.


afirmacja

afirmacja (nominative singular)
afirmacje (nominative plural)
afirmacji (genitive singular)
afirmacji (genitive plural)
afirmacyj (archaic genitive plural)
afirmacji (dative singular)
afirmacjom (dative plural)
afirmację (accusative singular)
afirmacje (accusative plural)
afirmacją (instrumental singular)
afirmacjami (instrumental plural)
afirmacji (locative singular)
afirmacjach (locative plural)
afirmacjo (singular vocative)
afirmacje (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin affirmātiō. First attested in 1638.

(formal, uncountable) affirmation (recognition of a positive train)

(countable, psychology) affirmation (form of self-forced meditation or repetition)

(Middle Polish, uncountable) affirmation (claim that something is true)


nędza

nędza (nominative singular)
nędze (nominative plural)
nędzy (genitive singular)
nędz (genitive plural)
nędzy (dative singular)
nędzom (dative plural)
nędzę (accusative singular)
nędze (accusative plural)
nędzą (instrumental singular)
nędzami (instrumental plural)
nędzy (locative singular)
nędzach (locative plural)
nędzo (singular vocative)
nędze (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: нэ́ндза (néndza)

Inherited from Old Polish nędza. Doublet of nuża (“weariness”).

(colloquial) crud, something of poor quality


elektrownia

elektrownia (nominative singular)
elektrownie (nominative plural)
elektrowni (genitive singular)
elektrowni (genitive plural)
elektrowni (dative singular)
elektrowniom (dative plural)
elektrownię (accusative singular)
elektrownie (accusative plural)
elektrownią (instrumental singular)
elektrowniami (instrumental plural)
elektrowni (locative singular)
elektrowniach (locative plural)
elektrownio (singular vocative)
elektrownie (plural vocative)

(electricity) power plant, power station


korba

korbka (diminutive)
korba (nominative singular)
korby (nominative plural)
korby (genitive singular)
korb (genitive plural)
korbie (dative singular)
korbom (dative plural)
korbę (accusative singular)
korby (accusative plural)
korbą (instrumental singular)
korbami (instrumental plural)
korbie (locative singular)
korbach (locative plural)
korbo (singular vocative)
korby (plural vocative)

crank (bent piece of an axle or shaft, or an arm attached to the end of a shaft or wheel, used to impart a rotation)

winch, windlass (mechanical device that is used to pull in wind or let wind out or otherwise adjust the tension of a rope or wire rope)

(colloquial) an active, resourceful person


gimnastyka

pl-noun

gimnastyka f (related adjective gimnastyczny)

gimnastyczny (adjective)
gimnastyka (nominative singular)
gimnastyki (genitive singular)
gimnastyce (dative singular)
gimnastykę (accusative singular)
gimnastyką (instrumental singular)
gimnastyce (locative singular)
gimnastyko (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English gymnastics, French gymnastique, German Gymnastik, ultimately from Ancient Greek γυμναστική (gumnastikḗ).

(gymnastics) gymnastics (movement exercises that are performed in order to be physically fitter)

(sports) gymnastics (sport involving the performance of sequences of movements requiring physical strength, flexibility, and kinesthetic awareness)

(education) gym (physical education class)

(figurative) gymnastics (complex intellectual or artistic exercise)

(figurative) gymnastics (set of movements whose performance requires physical fitness)


glottologia

glottologia (nominative singular)
glottologii (genitive singular)
glottologii (dative singular)
glottologię (accusative singular)
glottologią (instrumental singular)
glottologii (locative singular)
glottologio (singular vocative)

(dated, linguistics) linguistics (scientific study of language)

(dated, education) linguistics (degree course or major at a university)

(dated, education) linguistics (class on linguistics at a university)


przewaga

przewaga (nominative singular)
przewagi (nominative plural)
przewagi (genitive singular)
przewag (genitive plural)
przewadze (dative singular)
przewagom (dative plural)
przewagę (accusative singular)
przewagi (accusative plural)
przewagą (instrumental singular)
przewagami (instrumental plural)
przewadze (locative singular)
przewagach (locative plural)
przewago (singular vocative)
przewagi (plural vocative)

advantage, ascendance, predominance, supremacy


fikcja

fikcja (nominative singular)
fikcje (nominative plural)
fikcji (genitive singular)
fikcji (genitive plural)
fikcyj (archaic genitive plural)
fikcji (dative singular)
fikcjom (dative plural)
fikcję (accusative singular)
fikcje (accusative plural)
fikcją (instrumental singular)
fikcjami (instrumental plural)
fikcji (locative singular)
fikcjach (locative plural)
fikcjo (singular vocative)
fikcje (plural vocative)


abdykacja

abdykacja (nominative singular)
abdykacje (nominative plural)
abdykacji (genitive singular)
abdykacji (genitive plural)
abdykacyj (archaic genitive plural)
abdykacji (dative singular)
abdykacjom (dative plural)
abdykację (accusative singular)
abdykacje (accusative plural)
abdykacją (instrumental singular)
abdykacjami (instrumental plural)
abdykacji (locative singular)
abdykacjach (locative plural)
abdykacjo (singular vocative)
abdykacje (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin abdicātiō. First attested in 1684.

ref

“ABDYKACJA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2013 October 24

(law) abdication (the act of abdicating; the renunciation of a high office, dignity, or trust, by its holder)


achromatopsja

achromatopsja (nominative singular)
achromatopsji (genitive singular)
achromatopsji (dative singular)
achromatopsję (accusative singular)
achromatopsją (instrumental singular)
achromatopsji (locative singular)
achromatopsjo (singular vocative)

From a- + chromo- + Ancient Greek ὄψις (ópsis) + -ia. First attested in 1859.

ref

Encyklopedyja powszechna. T. 1, (A-Aos)., 1859, page 111

achromatopsia (full or partial color blindness; the inability to distinguish colors due to the absence of cone cells in the eyes)


aberracja

aberracja (nominative singular)
aberracje (nominative plural)
aberracji (genitive singular)
aberracji (genitive plural)
aberracyj (archaic genitive plural)
aberracji (dative singular)
aberracjom (dative plural)
aberrację (accusative singular)
aberracje (accusative plural)
aberracją (instrumental singular)
aberracjami (instrumental plural)
aberracji (locative singular)
aberracjach (locative plural)
aberracjo (singular vocative)
aberracje (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin aberrātiō. First attested in 1816.

Pamiętnik Lwowski, volume 3, number 9, 1816, page 55

(psychology, formal) aberration (minor mental disorder)

(electronics, photography, optics) aberration (defect in the lens or image)

(astronomy) aberration (deformation of observed light)


akacja

akacjowy (adjective)
akacja (nominative singular)
akacje (nominative plural)
akacji (genitive singular)
akacji (genitive plural)
akacyj (archaic genitive plural)
akacji (dative singular)
akacjom (dative plural)
akację (accusative singular)
akacje (accusative plural)
akacją (instrumental singular)
akacjami (instrumental plural)
akacji (locative singular)
akacjach (locative plural)
akacjo (singular vocative)
akacje (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: akacjô

Borrowed from German Akazie. First attested in 1595.

Robinia pseudoacacia
Robinia pseudoacacia#Translingual


administracja

administracja (nominative singular)
administracje (nominative plural)
administracji (genitive singular)
administracji (genitive plural)
administracyj (archaic genitive plural)
administracji (dative singular)
administracjom (dative plural)
administrację (accusative singular)
administracje (accusative plural)
administracją (instrumental singular)
administracjami (instrumental plural)
administracji (locative singular)
administracjach (locative plural)
administracjo (singular vocative)
administracje (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: administracjô

Learned borrowing from Latin administrātiō. Sense 1 is a semantic loan from German Administration and French administration. First attested in 1588.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “administracyja”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(government, countable) administration (executive part of government)

(management, countable) administration (executive part of a business)

(uncountable) administration (act of administering) [with instrumental ‘of what’]


nagrywarka

nagrywarka (nominative singular)
nagrywarki (nominative plural)
nagrywarki (genitive singular)
nagrywarek (genitive plural)
nagrywarce (dative singular)
nagrywarkom (dative plural)
nagrywarkę (accusative singular)
nagrywarki (accusative plural)
nagrywarką (instrumental singular)
nagrywarkami (instrumental plural)
nagrywarce (locative singular)
nagrywarkach (locative plural)
nagrywarko (singular vocative)
nagrywarki (plural vocative)


kalumnia

kalumnia (nominative singular)
kalumnie (nominative plural)
kalumnii (genitive singular)
kalumnii (genitive plural)
kalumnij (archaic genitive plural)
kalumnii (dative singular)
kalumniom (dative plural)
kalumnię (accusative singular)
kalumnie (accusative plural)
kalumnią (instrumental singular)
kalumniami (instrumental plural)
kalumnii (locative singular)
kalumniach (locative plural)
kalumnio (singular vocative)
kalumnie (plural vocative)


pogarda

pogarda (nominative singular)
pogardy (genitive singular)
pogardzie (dative singular)
pogardę (accusative singular)
pogardą (instrumental singular)
pogardzie (locative singular)
pogardo (singular vocative)


Lublana

Lublana (nominative singular)
Lublany (genitive singular)
Lublanie (dative singular)
Lublanę (accusative singular)
Lublaną (instrumental singular)
Lublanie (locative singular)
Lublano (singular vocative)

Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)


Tuluza

Tuluza (nominative singular)
Tuluzy (genitive singular)
Tuluzie (dative singular)
Tuluzę (accusative singular)
Tuluzą (instrumental singular)
Tuluzie (locative singular)
Tuluzo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French Toulouse, from Latin Tolōsa.

Toulouse (the capital city of the Haute-Garonne department, France; capital city of the region of Occitanie)


Moguncja

moguncki (adjective)
Moguncja (nominative singular)
Moguncji (genitive singular)
Moguncji (dative singular)
Moguncję (accusative singular)
Moguncją (instrumental singular)
Moguncji (locative singular)
Moguncjo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Mogontiacum.

lbor

Mainz (the capital and largest city of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany)


Walencja

Walencja (nominative singular)
Walencji (genitive singular)
Walencji (dative singular)
Walencję (accusative singular)
Walencją (instrumental singular)
Walencji (locative singular)
Walencjo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish Valencia, from Latin Valentia.

Valencia (the capital city of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)

Valencian Community
Valencian Community#English

Valencia, Valencian Community (an autonomous community of Spain)

Valencia (a province of the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain)


brzydota

brzydota (nominative singular)
brzydoty (genitive singular)
brzydocie (dative singular)
brzydotę (accusative singular)
brzydotą (instrumental singular)
brzydocie (locative singular)
brzydoto (singular vocative)


konfrontacja

konfrontacja (nominative singular)
konfrontacje (nominative plural)
konfrontacji (genitive singular)
konfrontacji (genitive plural)
konfrontacji (dative singular)
konfrontacjom (dative plural)
konfrontację (accusative singular)
konfrontacje (accusative plural)
konfrontacją (instrumental singular)
konfrontacjami (instrumental plural)
konfrontacji (locative singular)
konfrontacjach (locative plural)
konfrontacjo (singular vocative)
konfrontacje (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French confrontation, from Latin confrontātiō.


zgryzota

zgryzota (nominative singular)
zgryzoty (nominative plural)
zgryzoty (genitive singular)
zgryzot (genitive plural)
zgryzocie (dative singular)
zgryzotom (dative plural)
zgryzotę (accusative singular)
zgryzoty (accusative plural)
zgryzotą (instrumental singular)
zgryzotami (instrumental plural)
zgryzocie (locative singular)
zgryzotach (locative plural)
zgryzoto (singular vocative)
zgryzoty (plural vocative)


Bawaria

Bawaria (nominative singular)
Bawarii (genitive singular)
Bawarii (dative singular)
Bawarię (accusative singular)
Bawarią (instrumental singular)
Bawarii (locative singular)
Bawario (singular vocative)

Badenia-Wirtembergia · Bawaria · Brandenburgia · Hesja · Dolna Saksonia · Meklemburgia-Pomorze Przednie · Nadrenia Północna-Westfalia · Nadrenia-Palatynat · Saara · Saksonia · Saksonia-Anhalt · Szlezwik-Holsztyn · Turyngia


zygota

zygota (nominative singular)
zygoty (nominative plural)
zygoty (genitive singular)
zygot (genitive plural)
zygocie (dative singular)
zygotom (dative plural)
zygotę (accusative singular)
zygoty (accusative plural)
zygotą (instrumental singular)
zygotami (instrumental plural)
zygocie (locative singular)
zygotach (locative plural)
zygoto (singular vocative)
zygoty (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English zygote, French zygote, German Zygote, ultimately from Ancient Greek ζυγωτός (zugōtós).

(embryology) zygote (fertilized egg cell)


wyka

wyka (nominative singular)
wyki (nominative plural)
wyki (genitive singular)
wyk (genitive plural)
wyce (dative singular)
wykom (dative plural)
wykę (accusative singular)
wyki (accusative plural)
wyką (instrumental singular)
wykami (instrumental plural)
wyce (locative singular)
wykach (locative plural)
wyko (singular vocative)
wyki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish wyka, wika, attested from the 15th century, from Middle High German wicke, Old High German wicka, from Latin vicia.


Kamczatka

Kamczatka (nominative singular)
Kamczatki (genitive singular)
Kamczatce (dative singular)
Kamczatkę (accusative singular)
Kamczatką (instrumental singular)
Kamczatce (locative singular)
Kamczatko (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Камча́тка (Kamčátka).

bor+

Kamchatka (a long peninsula in the Far East of Russia)

Kamchatka (a river in Kamchatka Krai, Russia)


mydlnica

mydlnica (nominative singular)
mydlnice (nominative plural)
mydlnicy (genitive singular)
mydlnic (genitive plural)
mydlnicy (dative singular)
mydlnicom (dative plural)
mydlnicę (accusative singular)
mydlnice (accusative plural)
mydlnicą (instrumental singular)
mydlnicami (instrumental plural)
mydlnicy (locative singular)
mydlnicach (locative plural)
mydlnico (singular vocative)
mydlnice (plural vocative)

soapwort, any plant of the genus Saponaria


figurka

figurka (nominative singular)
figurki (nominative plural)
figurki (genitive singular)
figurek (genitive plural)
figurce (dative singular)
figurkom (dative plural)
figurkę (accusative singular)
figurki (accusative plural)
figurką (instrumental singular)
figurkami (instrumental plural)
figurce (locative singular)
figurkach (locative plural)
figurko (singular vocative)
figurki (plural vocative)