rosa

rosa (nominative singular)
rosy (nominative plural)
rosy (genitive singular)
ros (genitive plural)
rosie (dative singular)
rosom (dative plural)
rosę (accusative singular)
rosy (accusative plural)
rosą (instrumental singular)
rosami (instrumental plural)
rosie (locative singular)
rosach (locative plural)
roso (singular vocative)
rosy (plural vocative)

dew (any moisture from the atmosphere condensed by cool bodies upon their surfaces)


latte

(colloquial) caffè latte (espresso coffee with steamed milk)


natura

natura (nominative singular)
natury (genitive singular)
naturze (dative singular)
naturę (accusative singular)
naturą (instrumental singular)
naturze (locative singular)
naturo (singular vocative)

On jest dość miły z natury.

nature (key characteristics of something or something's natural behavior)


luna

luna (nominative singular)
luny (nominative plural)
luny (genitive singular)
lun (genitive plural)
lunie (dative singular)
lunom (dative plural)
lunę (accusative singular)
luny (accusative plural)
luną (instrumental singular)
lunami (instrumental plural)
lunie (locative singular)
lunach (locative plural)
luno (singular vocative)
luny (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin lūna. Doublet of łuna and Roksana.


niedziela

pl-noun

niedziela f (related adjective niedzielny)

niedzielny (adjective)
niedziela (nominative singular)
niedziele (nominative plural)
niedzieli (genitive singular)
niedzieli (genitive plural)
niedziel (genitive plural)
niedzieli (dative singular)
niedzielom (dative plural)
niedzielę (accusative singular)
niedziele (accusative plural)
niedzielą (instrumental singular)
niedzielami (instrumental plural)
niedzieli (locative singular)
niedzielach (locative plural)
niedzielo (singular vocative)
niedziele (plural vocative)

/ɲɛˈd͡ʑɛ.la/

/ɲɛˈd͡ʑɛ.la/

indyk myślał o niedzieli, a w sobotę łeb mu ścięli

(obsolete or dialectal) week (period of seven days)


moneta

monetka (diminutive)
moneta (nominative singular)
monety (nominative plural)
monety (genitive singular)
monet (genitive plural)
monecie (dative singular)
monetom (dative plural)
monetę (accusative singular)
monety (accusative plural)
monetą (instrumental singular)
monetami (instrumental plural)
monecie (locative singular)
monetach (locative plural)
moneto (singular vocative)
monety (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Russian: монета (moneta), моне́т (monét) — obsolete vernacular form
→ Armenian: մանեթ (manetʻ)
→ Azerbaijani: manat
→? Finnish: moni (obsolete, Helsinki slang)
→ Georgian: მანეთი (maneti)
→ Ingrian: monetta
→ Karakalpak: manat
→ Kazakh: мәнет (mänet)
→ Persian: منات (manât)
→ Turkmen: manat
→ Yakut: манньыат (mannyıat)
→ Abkhaz: амааҭ (amaat)

Learned borrowing from Latin monēta. Doublet of manat and mennica (“mint”).


sobota

pl-noun

sobota f (diminutive sobótka, related adjective sobotni, abbreviation s. or sob.)

sobótka (diminutive)
sobotni (adjective)
s. (abbreviation)
sob. (abbreviation)
sobota (nominative singular)
soboty (nominative plural)
soboty (genitive singular)
sobót (genitive plural)
sobocie (dative singular)
sobotom (dative plural)
sobotę (accusative singular)
soboty (accusative plural)
sobotą (instrumental singular)
sobotami (instrumental plural)
sobocie (locative singular)
sobotach (locative plural)
soboto (singular vocative)
soboty (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish sobota. Doublet of sabat, szabas, and szabat.


historia

historia f (diminutive historyjka, related adjective historyczny, abbreviation hist.)

historyjka (diminutive)
historyczny (adjective)
historia (nominative singular)
historie (nominative plural)
historii (genitive singular)
historii (genitive plural)
historyj (archaic genitive plural)
historii (dative singular)
historiom (dative plural)
historię (accusative singular)
historie (accusative plural)
historią (instrumental singular)
historiami (instrumental plural)
historii (locative singular)
historiach (locative plural)
historio (singular vocative)
historie (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: historiô

(uncountable) history (aggregate of past events)

(uncountable) history (branch of knowledge that studies the past; the assessment of notable events)

(uncountable) history (branch of studies at university studying the past)

(countable) history (administrative department at a university teaching university)

(uncountable) history (subject in school)

(countable) history (lesson teaching history at school)

(countable) story (account of real or fictional events)

(countable) history; story (extraordinary, exciting event)

(countable, computing) history (record of previous user events, especially of visited web pages in a browser)

(Middle Polish) historical painting or sculpture (artistic work containing content about history)


pera

perka (diminutive)
pera (nominative singular)
pery (nominative plural)
pery (genitive singular)
per (genitive plural)
perze (dative singular)
perom (dative plural)
perę (accusative singular)
pery (accusative plural)
perą (instrumental singular)
perami (instrumental plural)
perze (locative singular)
perach (locative plural)
pero (singular vocative)
pery (plural vocative)


woda

woda (nominative singular)
wody (nominative plural)
wody (genitive singular)
wód (genitive plural)
wodzie (dative singular)
wodom (dative plural)
wodę (accusative singular)
wody (accusative plural)
wodą (instrumental singular)
wodami (instrumental plural)
wodzie (locative singular)
wodach (locative plural)
wodo (singular vocative)
wody (plural vocative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *wed-
Proto-Indo-European *-r̥
Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥
Proto-Balto-Slavic *wandō
Proto-Slavic *voda
Old Polish woda
Polish woda
Inherited from Old Polish woda.

etymon

water (natural or artificial body of water)

(colloquial) liquid that gathers in the body when it has a disease

mixture of alcohol and water used for cosmetic purposes, such as shaving


agape

Learned borrowing from Latin agapē. Doublet of agapa.

(Christianity) agape (love feast, especially one held in the early Christian Church in connection with the Eucharist)

(Christianity) agape (love of God for mankind, or the benevolent love of Christians for others)

(philosophy) agape (spiritual, altruistic, beneficial love which wills good for others)


materia

materia (nominative singular)
materii (genitive singular)
materii (dative singular)
materię (accusative singular)
materią (instrumental singular)
materii (locative singular)
materio (singular vocative)


Belgia

Belgia (nominative singular)
Belgie (nominative plural)
Belgii (genitive singular)
Belgii (genitive plural)
Belgii (dative singular)
Belgiom (dative plural)
Belgię (accusative singular)
Belgie (accusative plural)
Belgią (instrumental singular)
Belgiami (instrumental plural)
Belgii (locative singular)
Belgiach (locative plural)
Belgio (singular vocative)
Belgie (plural vocative)

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


katakana

katakana (nominative singular)
katakany (genitive singular)
katakanie (dative singular)
katakanę (accusative singular)
katakaną (instrumental singular)
katakanie (locative singular)
katakano (singular vocative)

katakana (Japanese syllabary used when writing words borrowed from foreign languages other than Chinese, specific names of plants and animals and other jargon, onomatopoeia, or to emphasize a word or phrase; also used to write the Ainu language)


Teresa

pl-proper noun

Teresa f (diminutive Tereska or Terenia)

Tereska (diminutive)
Terenia (diminutive)
Teresa (nominative singular)
Teresy (nominative plural)
Teresy (genitive singular)
Teres (genitive plural)
Teresie (dative singular)
Teresom (dative plural)
Teresę (accusative singular)
Teresy (accusative plural)
Teresą (instrumental singular)
Teresami (instrumental plural)
Teresie (locative singular)
Teresach (locative plural)
Tereso (singular vocative)
Teresy (plural vocative)

a female given name, equivalent to English Teresa


lira

Learned borrowing from Latin lyra, from Ancient Greek λύρα (lúra).


lira

Borrowed from Maltese lira, from Italian lira, from Latin lībra.

(historical) lira (former unit of currency of Malta)


lira

lira (nominative singular)
liry (nominative plural)
liry (genitive singular)
lir (genitive plural)
lirze (dative singular)
lirom (dative plural)
lirę (accusative singular)
liry (accusative plural)
lirą (instrumental singular)
lirami (instrumental plural)
lirze (locative singular)
lirach (locative plural)
liro (singular vocative)
liry (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Turkish lira, from Italian lira, from Latin lībra.


Anglia

Anglia (nominative singular)
Anglii (genitive singular)
Anglii (dative singular)
Anglię (accusative singular)
Anglią (instrumental singular)
Anglii (locative singular)
Anglio (singular vocative)

England (a constituent country of the United Kingdom in Europe)


agenda

agendka (diminutive)
agenda (nominative singular)
agendy (nominative plural)
agendy (genitive singular)
agend (genitive plural)
agendzie (dative singular)
agendom (dative plural)
agendę (accusative singular)
agendy (accusative plural)
agendą (instrumental singular)
agendami (instrumental plural)
agendzie (locative singular)
agendach (locative plural)
agendo (singular vocative)
agendy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin agenda/agendum/agendus. First attested in 1560.

lbor

branch, department (of a company or organization)

agenda, schedule (lists of tasks one must do)

agenda, schedule (lists tasks of for a meeting)

agenda liturgiczna

(obsolete, Christianity) Christian prayer book


Ruanda

Ruanda (nominative singular)
Ruandy (genitive singular)
Ruandzie (dative singular)
Ruandę (accusative singular)
Ruandą (instrumental singular)
Ruandzie (locative singular)
Ruando (singular vocative)


kluski

inflection of kluska:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


anosmia

anosmia (nominative singular)
anosmie (nominative plural)
anosmii (genitive singular)
anosmii (genitive plural)
anosmij (archaic genitive plural)
anosmii (dative singular)
anosmiom (dative plural)
anosmię (accusative singular)
anosmie (accusative plural)
anosmią (instrumental singular)
anosmiami (instrumental plural)
anosmii (locative singular)
anosmiach (locative plural)
anosmio (singular vocative)
anosmie (plural vocative)

From New Latin anosmia, from an- Ancient Greek ὀσμή (osmḗ).


pity

inflection of pita:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


tera

tera (nominative singular)
tery (nominative plural)
tery (genitive singular)
ter (genitive plural)
terze (dative singular)
terom (dative plural)
terę (accusative singular)
tery (accusative plural)
terą (instrumental singular)
terami (instrumental plural)
terze (locative singular)
terach (locative plural)
tero (singular vocative)
tery (plural vocative)

(Buddhism) tera (Buddhist temple in Japan)


kura

pl-noun

kura f (male equivalent kogut, diminutive kurka, augmentative kurzysko)

kogut (masculine)
kurka (diminutive)
kurzysko (augmentative)
kura (nominative singular)
kury (nominative plural)
kury (genitive singular)
kur (genitive plural)
kurze (dative singular)
kurom (dative plural)
kurę (accusative singular)
kury (accusative plural)
kurą (instrumental singular)
kurami (instrumental plural)
kurze (locative singular)
kurach (locative plural)
kuro (singular vocative)
kury (plural vocative)


whisky

Unadapted borrowing from English whisky.


panna

panna f (diminutive panienka, augmentative pannica or pannisko)

panienka (diminutive)
pannica (augmentative)
pannisko (augmentative)
panna (nominative singular)
panny (nominative plural)
panny (genitive singular)
panien (genitive plural)
pannie (dative singular)
pannom (dative plural)
pannę (accusative singular)
panny (accusative plural)
panną (instrumental singular)
pannami (instrumental plural)
pannie (locative singular)
pannach (locative plural)
panno (singular vocative)
panny (plural vocative)


ulica

ulica f (diminutive uliczka, abbreviation ul.)

uliczka (diminutive)
ul. (abbreviation)
ulica (nominative singular)
ulice (nominative plural)
ulicy (genitive singular)
ulic (genitive plural)
ulicy (dative singular)
ulicom (dative plural)
ulicę (accusative singular)
ulice (accusative plural)
ulicą (instrumental singular)
ulicami (instrumental plural)
ulicy (locative singular)
ulicach (locative plural)
ulico (singular vocative)
ulice (plural vocative)

(metonymically) street (people on a street)

(colloquial, sociology) public opinion (society as an exponent of views and assessments of current political, social, and cultural life)


wanna

wanna (nominative singular)
wanny (nominative plural)
wanny (genitive singular)
wanien (genitive plural)
wannie (dative singular)
wannom (dative plural)
wannę (accusative singular)
wanny (accusative plural)
wanną (instrumental singular)
wannami (instrumental plural)
wannie (locative singular)
wannach (locative plural)
wanno (singular vocative)
wanny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Wanne, from Middle High German wanne, from Old High German wanna, from Latin vannus, from Proto-Italic *watnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁-.


Jura

Jura (nominative singular)
Jury (genitive singular)
Jurze (dative singular)
Jurę (accusative singular)
Jurą (instrumental singular)
Jurze (locative singular)
Juro (singular vocative)

Jura (a department of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France)

Jura (an island in the Inner Hebrides, Scotland)

Jura (a mountain range in France and Switzerland)


dystopia

dystopia (nominative singular)
dystopie (nominative plural)
dystopii (genitive singular)
dystopii (genitive plural)
dystopij (archaic genitive plural)
dystopii (dative singular)
dystopiom (dative plural)
dystopię (accusative singular)
dystopie (accusative plural)
dystopią (instrumental singular)
dystopiami (instrumental plural)
dystopii (locative singular)
dystopiach (locative plural)
dystopio (singular vocative)
dystopie (plural vocative)

(film, literature) dystopia (vision of a future that is a corrupted (usually beyond recognition) utopian society)


duda

duda (nominative singular)
dudy (nominative plural)
dudy (genitive singular)
dud (genitive plural)
dudzie (dative singular)
dudom (dative plural)
dudę (accusative singular)
dudy (accusative plural)
dudą (instrumental singular)
dudami (instrumental plural)
dudzie (locative singular)
dudach (locative plural)
dudo (singular vocative)
dudy (plural vocative)


malina

malinka (diminutive)
malina (nominative singular)
maliny (nominative plural)
maliny (genitive singular)
malin (genitive plural)
malinie (dative singular)
malinom (dative plural)
malinę (accusative singular)
maliny (accusative plural)
maliną (instrumental singular)
malinami (instrumental plural)
malinie (locative singular)
malinach (locative plural)
malino (singular vocative)
maliny (plural vocative)

raspberry (certain species in the genus Rubus)


marimba

marimba (nominative singular)
marimby (nominative plural)
marimby (genitive singular)
marimb (genitive plural)
marimbie (dative singular)
marimbom (dative plural)
marimbę (accusative singular)
marimby (accusative plural)
marimbą (instrumental singular)
marimbami (instrumental plural)
marimbie (locative singular)
marimbach (locative plural)
marimbo (singular vocative)
marimby (plural vocative)

marimba (percussion instrument with African origins, similar to a xylophone with resonators, but much lower in range and darker in timbre)


hiragana

hiragana (nominative singular)
hiragany (genitive singular)
hiraganie (dative singular)
hiraganę (accusative singular)
hiraganą (instrumental singular)
hiraganie (locative singular)
hiragano (singular vocative)

hiragana (main syllabary for the Japanese language, used to represent native Japanese words, including particles, and when kanji is used, to represent verb and adjective endings)


koza

kózka (diminutive)
koza (nominative singular)
kozy (nominative plural)
kozy (genitive singular)
kóz (genitive plural)
kozie (dative singular)
kozom (dative plural)
kozę (accusative singular)
kozy (accusative plural)
kozą (instrumental singular)
kozami (instrumental plural)
kozie (locative singular)
kozach (locative plural)
kozo (singular vocative)
kozy (plural vocative)

(colloquial) booger, bogey (piece of solid or semisolid mucus in the nostril)

Cobitis taenia
Cobitis taenia#Translingual

any spined loach (Cobitis), especially Cobitis taenia, or golden loach (Sabanejewia)


Liliana

Liliana (nominative singular)
Liliany (nominative plural)
Liliany (genitive singular)
Lilian (genitive plural)
Lilianie (dative singular)
Lilianom (dative plural)
Lilianę (accusative singular)
Liliany (accusative plural)
Lilianą (instrumental singular)
Lilianami (instrumental plural)
Lilianie (locative singular)
Lilianach (locative plural)
Liliano (singular vocative)
Liliany (plural vocative)

a female given name, equivalent to English Lilian


ona

on (masculine)
ono (neuter)
ona (nominative singular)
jej (genitive singular)
niej (genitive singular)
jej (dative singular)
niej (dative singular)
ją (accusative singular)
nią (accusative singular)
nią (instrumental singular)
niej (locative singular)

Inherited from Old Polish ona. The oblique case forms come from Proto-Slavic *ja.

she (for animate nouns), it (for inanimate feminine nouns)


kapusta

kapusta f (diminutive kapustka, augmentative kapucha or kapuścisko, related adjective kapuściany or kapustny)

kapustka (diminutive)
kapucha (augmentative)
kapuścisko (augmentative)
kapuściany (adjective)
kapustny (adjective)
kapusta (nominative singular)
kapusty (genitive singular)
kapuście (dative singular)
kapustę (accusative singular)
kapustą (instrumental singular)
kapuście (locative singular)
kapusto (singular vocative)

→ English: kapusta

→ Yiddish: קאַפּוסטע (kapuste)

An old Romance borrowing, probably formed from a contamination of Medieval Latin composita and caputium. Compare Belarusian капу́ста (kapústa), Kashubian kapùsta, Russian капу́ста (kapústa), Silesian kapusta, Slovak kapusta, Ukrainian капу́ста (kapústa), Serbo-Croatian kupus.

cabbage (leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable)


kapusta

kapusta (nominative singular)
kapusty (nominative plural)
kapusty (genitive singular)
kapustów (genitive plural)
kapuście (dative singular)
kapustom (dative plural)
kapustę (accusative singular)
kapustów (accusative plural)
kapustą (instrumental singular)
kapustami (instrumental plural)
kapuście (locative singular)
kapustach (locative plural)
kapusto (singular vocative)
kapusty (plural vocative)

(colloquial, derogatory) cabbage (person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage)

(slang) informant, snitch (one who relays confidential information)


yakuza

yakuza (nominative singular)
yakuzy (nominative plural)
yakuzy (genitive singular)
yakuz (genitive plural)
yakuzie (dative singular)
yakuzom (dative plural)
yakuzę (accusative singular)
yakuzy (accusative plural)
yakuzą (instrumental singular)
yakuzami (instrumental plural)
yakuzie (locative singular)
yakuzach (locative plural)
yakuzo (singular vocative)
yakuzy (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English yakuza.

(crime) yakuza (Japanese organized crime gang)


statua

statua (nominative singular)
statuy (nominative plural)
statui (genitive singular)
statuy (genitive singular)
statui (genitive plural)
statui (dative singular)
statuom (dative plural)
statuę (accusative singular)
statuy (accusative plural)
statuą (instrumental singular)
statuami (instrumental plural)
statui (locative singular)
statuach (locative plural)
statuo (singular vocative)
statuy (plural vocative)

(sculpture) statue (three-dimensional work of art)


marchewka

marchewka f (diminutive marcheweczka, related adjective marchewkowy)

marcheweczka (diminutive)
marchewkowy (adjective)
marchewka (nominative singular)
marchewki (nominative plural)
marchewki (genitive singular)
marchewek (genitive plural)
marchewce (dative singular)
marchewkom (dative plural)
marchewkę (accusative singular)
marchewki (accusative plural)
marchewką (instrumental singular)
marchewkami (instrumental plural)
marchewce (locative singular)
marchewkach (locative plural)
marchewko (singular vocative)
marchewki (plural vocative)

(colloquial) redhead (person with red hair)

(school slang, prison slang) nose (protuberance on the face)


Italia

Italia (nominative singular)
Italii (genitive singular)
Italii (dative singular)
Italię (accusative singular)
Italią (instrumental singular)
Italii (locative singular)
Italio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Ī̆talia, from Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλίᾱ (Ītalíā), from Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú).

(literary) Italy (a country in Southern Europe)

(historical) Italia (one of the provinces of the Roman Empire)


psyche

(literary, psychoanalysis) psyche (human soul, mind, or spirit)


psyche

cheval glass (long mirror, mounted on a swivel in a frame, allowing it to be tilted)


toga

toga (nominative singular)
togi (nominative plural)
togi (genitive singular)
tog (genitive plural)
tóg (genitive plural)
todze (dative singular)
togom (dative plural)
togę (accusative singular)
togi (accusative plural)
togą (instrumental singular)
togami (instrumental plural)
todze (locative singular)
togach (locative plural)
togo (singular vocative)
togi (plural vocative)


pasty

inflection of pasta:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


Minnesota

Minnesota (nominative singular)
Minnesoty (genitive singular)
Minnesocie (dative singular)
Minnesotę (accusative singular)
Minnesotą (instrumental singular)
Minnesocie (locative singular)
Minnesoto (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Minnesota, from Lakota mní sóta (literally “cloudy water”).

der

Minnesota (a state of the United States)

Minnesota (a river in the United States)


pareidolia

pareidolia (nominative singular)
pareidolii (genitive singular)
pareidolii (dative singular)
pareidolię (accusative singular)
pareidolią (instrumental singular)
pareidolii (locative singular)
pareidolio (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek παρα- (para-, “alongside”) + εἴδωλον (eídōlon, “image”).

pareidolia (tendency to interpret vague stimuli as something familiar)


geometria

geometria (nominative singular)
geometrii (genitive singular)
geometrii (dative singular)
geometrię (accusative singular)
geometrią (instrumental singular)
geometrii (locative singular)
geometrio (singular vocative)

From Latin geometria, from Ancient Greek γεωμετρία (geōmetría). By surface analysis, geo- + -metria.


pasta

pasta (nominative singular)
pasty (nominative plural)
pasty (genitive singular)
past (genitive plural)
paście (dative singular)
pastom (dative plural)
pastę (accusative singular)
pasty (accusative plural)
pastą (instrumental singular)
pastami (instrumental plural)
paście (locative singular)
pastach (locative plural)
pasto (singular vocative)
pasty (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin pasta, from Ancient Greek παστά (pastá).


pasta

(Internet slang) copypasta (block of text which has been copied and pasted from somewhere else)


luka

luka (nominative singular)
luki (nominative plural)
luki (genitive singular)
luk (genitive plural)
luce (dative singular)
lukom (dative plural)
lukę (accusative singular)
luki (accusative plural)
luką (instrumental singular)
lukami (instrumental plural)
luce (locative singular)
lukach (locative plural)
luko (singular vocative)
luki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Lücke. Aleksander Brückner believed that the term had come from Luke (“hatch”).

wypełniać lukę

loophole, an exploitable "hole" in a system


kitara

kitara (nominative singular)
kitary (nominative plural)
kitary (genitive singular)
kitar (genitive plural)
kitarze (dative singular)
kitarom (dative plural)
kitarę (accusative singular)
kitary (accusative plural)
kitarą (instrumental singular)
kitarami (instrumental plural)
kitarze (locative singular)
kitarach (locative plural)
kitaro (singular vocative)
kitary (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek κιθάρα (kithára). Doublet of cytra and gitara.

lbor

(Ancient Greece) cithara (ancient Greek stringed instrument, which could be considered a forerunner of the guitar)


Odessa

odeski (adjective)
Odessa (nominative singular)
Odessy (genitive singular)
Odessie (dative singular)
Odessę (accusative singular)
Odessą (instrumental singular)
Odessie (locative singular)
Odesso (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Оде́сса (Odéssa), named after an Ancient Greek settlement thought to have been located nearby, from Ancient Greek Ὀδησσός (Odēssós).

Odessa (a city, the administrative center of Odessa Oblast, Ukraine)


lista

lista (nominative singular)
listy (nominative plural)
listy (genitive singular)
list (genitive plural)
liście (dative singular)
listom (dative plural)
listę (accusative singular)
listy (accusative plural)
listą (instrumental singular)
listami (instrumental plural)
liście (locative singular)
listach (locative plural)
listo (singular vocative)
listy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French liste. Doublet of listwa (“batten”).

(operations) inventory, list (register or roll of paper consisting of an enumeration or compilation of a set of possible items)

(operations) inventory, list (acodified representation of a list, used to store data or in processing)


filia

filia (nominative singular)
filie (nominative plural)
filii (genitive singular)
filii (genitive plural)
filij (archaic genitive plural)
filii (dative singular)
filiom (dative plural)
filię (accusative singular)
filie (accusative plural)
filią (instrumental singular)
filiami (instrumental plural)
filii (locative singular)
filiach (locative plural)
filio (singular vocative)
filie (plural vocative)

branch (location of an organisation with several locations)


alba

alba (nominative singular)
alby (nominative plural)
alby (genitive singular)
alb (genitive plural)
albie (dative singular)
albom (dative plural)
albę (accusative singular)
alby (accusative plural)
albą (instrumental singular)
albami (instrumental plural)
albie (locative singular)
albach (locative plural)
albo (singular vocative)
alby (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin alba. First attested in 1528.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “alba”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

Coordinate term: komża

białe alby

(Anglicanism, Lutheranism, Roman Catholicism) alb (long white robe worn by ministers at religious ceremonies)


alba

Borrowed from Occitan alba. First attested in the 20th century.

Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “alba”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN

(historical, poetry) alba (genre of Old Occitan lyric poetry)


alba

alba (nominative singular)
albę (accusative singular)
albie (locative singular)

Borrowed from German Halbe. First attested in the 17th century.

Teresa Sokołowska (30.07.2012) “ALBA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]


guma

gumka (diminutive)
guma (nominative singular)
gumy (nominative plural)
gumy (genitive singular)
gum (genitive plural)
gumie (dative singular)
gumom (dative plural)
gumę (accusative singular)
gumy (accusative plural)
gumą (instrumental singular)
gumami (instrumental plural)
gumie (locative singular)
gumach (locative plural)
gumo (singular vocative)
gumy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Gumma, from New Latin gumma, from Latin gummi.


astronomia

astronomia (nominative singular)
astronomii (genitive singular)
astronomii (dative singular)
astronomię (accusative singular)
astronomią (instrumental singular)
astronomii (locative singular)
astronomio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin astronomia, from Ancient Greek ἀστρονομία (astronomía). By surface analysis, astro- + -nomia.


data

data (nominative singular)
daty (nominative plural)
daty (genitive singular)
dat (genitive plural)
dacie (dative singular)
datom (dative plural)
datę (accusative singular)
daty (accusative plural)
datą (instrumental singular)
datami (instrumental plural)
dacie (locative singular)
datach (locative plural)
dato (singular vocative)
daty (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin data.

lbor

date (point of time at which event takes place; a specific day)


astrologia

astrologia (nominative singular)
astrologii (genitive singular)
astrologii (dative singular)
astrologię (accusative singular)
astrologią (instrumental singular)
astrologii (locative singular)
astrologio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin astrologia.


droga

dróżka (diminutive)
droga (nominative singular)
drogi (nominative plural)
drogi (genitive singular)
dróg (genitive plural)
drodze (dative singular)
drogom (dative plural)
drogę (accusative singular)
drogi (accusative plural)
drogą (instrumental singular)
drogami (instrumental plural)
drodze (locative singular)
drogach (locative plural)
drogo (singular vocative)
drogi (plural vocative)

road (surface with asphalt or concrete and designed to accommodate many vehicles travelling in both directions)

road, way; path (way used for travelling between places)

way; road (series of events and actions that give a certain effect) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to what’]

(bureaucracy) way; recourse (manner of doing things set by regulations)

(technology) road; highway (means of connecting devices so that they may intercommunicate)

(anatomy) tract (series of connected body organs, such as the digestive tract)

way; path (course of someone's life, related to professional activity or interests)

(obsolete, physics) distance travelled by a body

(Middle Polish, law) legal process; court


kula

kulka (diminutive)
kula (nominative singular)
kule (nominative plural)
kuli (genitive singular)
kul (genitive plural)
kuli (genitive plural)
kuli (dative singular)
kulom (dative plural)
kulę (accusative singular)
kule (accusative plural)
kulą (instrumental singular)
kulami (instrumental plural)
kuli (locative singular)
kulach (locative plural)
kulo (singular vocative)
kule (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: ку́ля (kúlja)

desc

→ Russian: пу́ля (púlja) (with sound changes)

→ Ukrainian: ку́ля (kúlja)

Apparently borrowed from Middle High German kūle. In most senses cognate with German Kugel, in the sense “crutch” cognate with German Keule.

kula śnieżna

chodzić o kulach

pchnięcie kulą


bryndza

bryndza (nominative singular)
bryndzy (genitive singular)
bryndzy (dative singular)
bryndzę (accusative singular)
bryndzą (instrumental singular)
bryndzy (locative singular)
bryndzo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Slovak bryndza, from Romanian brânză of uncertain origin; possibly from Albanian brëndës. Originally referred to cheeses prepared in a sheep's stomach by reacting with the rennet inside.

(colloquial) poverty (quality or state of being poor)


kobry

inflection of kobra:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


kobyla

inflection of kobyli:
feminine nominative singular

inflection of kobyli:
feminine vocative singular


trema

trema (nominative singular)
tremy (genitive singular)
tremie (dative singular)
tremę (accusative singular)
tremą (instrumental singular)
tremie (locative singular)
tremo (singular vocative)

stage fright (state of nervousness about performing some action in front of a group of people, on or off of a stage; nerves; a lack of self-assurance before an audience)


skala

skala (nominative singular)
skale (nominative plural)
skali (genitive singular)
skal (genitive plural)
skali (genitive plural)
skali (dative singular)
skalom (dative plural)
skalę (accusative singular)
skale (accusative plural)
skalą (instrumental singular)
skalami (instrumental plural)
skali (locative singular)
skalach (locative plural)
skalo (singular vocative)
skale (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Skala, from Italian scala, from Latin scāla.

scale (numerical sequence used for measurement)

scale (ratio of depicted distance to actual distance)

(music) scale (series of notes spanning an octave, tritave, or pseudo-octave, used to make melodies)


logika

logika (nominative singular)
logiki (genitive singular)
logice (dative singular)
logikę (accusative singular)
logiką (instrumental singular)
logice (locative singular)
logiko (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin logica, from Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ). Displaced Old Polish wielemowna.


mucha

pl-noun

mucha f (diminutive muszka, augmentative muszysko, related adjective muszy)

muszka (diminutive)
muszysko (augmentative)
muszy (adjective)
mucha (nominative singular)
muchy (nominative plural)
muchy (genitive singular)
much (genitive plural)
musze (dative singular)
muchom (dative plural)
muchę (accusative singular)
muchy (accusative plural)
muchą (instrumental singular)
muchami (instrumental plural)
musze (locative singular)
muchach (locative plural)
mucho (singular vocative)
muchy (plural vocative)


fotografia

fotografia (nominative singular)
fotografie (nominative plural)
fotografii (genitive singular)
fotografii (genitive plural)
fotografij (archaic genitive plural)
fotografii (dative singular)
fotografiom (dative plural)
fotografię (accusative singular)
fotografie (accusative plural)
fotografią (instrumental singular)
fotografiami (instrumental plural)
fotografii (locative singular)
fotografiach (locative plural)
fotografio (singular vocative)
fotografie (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English photography, French photographie, German Photographie. By surface analysis, foto- + -grafia.


kobra

kobra (nominative singular)
kobry (nominative plural)
kobry (genitive singular)
kobr (genitive plural)
kobrze (dative singular)
kobrom (dative plural)
kobrę (accusative singular)
kobry (accusative plural)
kobrą (instrumental singular)
kobrami (instrumental plural)
kobrze (locative singular)
kobrach (locative plural)
kobro (singular vocative)
kobry (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Portuguese cobra, from Old Galician-Portuguese coobra, from Latin colubra (“snake”).


kamera

kamera (nominative singular)
kamery (nominative plural)
kamery (genitive singular)
kamer (genitive plural)
kamerze (dative singular)
kamerom (dative plural)
kamerę (accusative singular)
kamery (accusative plural)
kamerą (instrumental singular)
kamerami (instrumental plural)
kamerze (locative singular)
kamerach (locative plural)
kamero (singular vocative)
kamery (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin camera, from Ancient Greek καμάρα (kamára), from Old Iranian, from Proto-Iranian *kamarā-, from *kamárati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kmárati, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em-. Sense 2 is a semantic loan from English camera. Doublet of komora.

sl

(historical) office that manages the royal estates and reveniues

(military) groove in the barrel into which a round is inserted


sauna

sauna (nominative singular)
sauny (nominative plural)
sauny (genitive singular)
saun (genitive plural)
saunie (dative singular)
saunom (dative plural)
saunę (accusative singular)
sauny (accusative plural)
sauną (instrumental singular)
saunami (instrumental plural)
saunie (locative singular)
saunach (locative plural)
sauno (singular vocative)
sauny (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English sauna, French sauna, German Sauna, ultimately from Finnish sauna, from Proto-Finnic *sakna.


nutria

nutriowy (adjective)
nutria (nominative singular)
nutrie (nominative plural)
nutrii (genitive singular)
nutrii (genitive plural)
nutryj (archaic genitive plural)
nutrii (dative singular)
nutriom (dative plural)
nutrię (accusative singular)
nutrie (accusative plural)
nutrią (instrumental singular)
nutriami (instrumental plural)
nutrii (locative singular)
nutriach (locative plural)
nutrio (singular vocative)
nutrie (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish nutria. Doublet of hydra and wydra.

nutria (any mammal of the genus Myocastor)

Myocastor coypus
Myocastor coypus#Translingual


-ka

-ka (nominative singular)
-ki (nominative plural)
-ki (genitive singular)
-ek (genitive plural)
-ce (dative singular)
-kom (dative plural)
-kę (accusative singular)
-ki (accusative plural)
-ką (instrumental singular)
-kami (instrumental plural)
-ce (locative singular)
-kach (locative plural)
-ko (singular vocative)
-ki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish -ka, from Proto-Slavic *-ъka.

Azjata + -ka → Azjatka

część + -ka → cząstka


ala

ala (nominative singular)
ale (nominative plural)
ali (genitive singular)
al (genitive plural)
ali (dative singular)
alom (dative plural)
alę (accusative singular)
ale (accusative plural)
alą (instrumental singular)
alami (instrumental plural)
ali (locative singular)
alach (locative plural)
alo (singular vocative)
ale (plural vocative)

(historical, Ancient Rome) ala (Roman allied military unit)


para

parowy (adjective)
para (nominative singular)
pary (genitive singular)
parze (dative singular)
parę (accusative singular)
parą (instrumental singular)
parze (locative singular)
paro (singular vocative)

table
Inherited from Old Polish para (“steam”). By surface analysis, deverbal from parzyć.

surf

(uncountable) steam (vapor formed when water changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase)

(uncountable, colloquial) steam (internal energy for progress or motive power)


para

para (nominative singular)
pary (nominative plural)
pary (genitive singular)
par (genitive plural)
parze (dative singular)
parom (dative plural)
parę (accusative singular)
pary (accusative plural)
parą (instrumental singular)
parami (instrumental plural)
parze (locative singular)
parach (locative plural)
paro (singular vocative)
pary (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: pôra

table
Inherited from Old Polish para (“pair”).

(countable) pair (two similar or identical things taken together)

(countable) pair (two symmetrical organs or limbs)

(countable) pair (object made of two things, such as scissors or pants)

(countable) pair (two people, animals, or groups in the same place at the same time)

(countable) pair, couple (two people in a relationship or partnership)


enigma

enigma (nominative singular)
enigmy (nominative plural)
enigmy (genitive singular)
enigm (genitive plural)
enigmie (dative singular)
enigmom (dative plural)
enigmę (accusative singular)
enigmy (accusative plural)
enigmą (instrumental singular)
enigmami (instrumental plural)
enigmie (locative singular)
enigmach (locative plural)
enigmo (singular vocative)
enigmy (plural vocative)

(literary) enigma (something puzzling, mysterious or inexplicable)


bandana

bandanka (diminutive)
bandana (nominative singular)
bandany (nominative plural)
bandany (genitive singular)
bandan (genitive plural)
bandanie (dative singular)
bandanom (dative plural)
bandanę (accusative singular)
bandany (accusative plural)
bandaną (instrumental singular)
bandanami (instrumental plural)
bandanie (locative singular)
bandanach (locative plural)
bandano (singular vocative)
bandany (plural vocative)


wicca

Wicca (neopagan religion that was first popularized by books written in 1949, 1954, and 1959 by Englishman Gerald Gardner, involving the worship of a horned male god and a moon goddess, the observance of eight Sabbats, and the performance of various rituals)


paca

paca (nominative singular)
pace (nominative plural)
pacy (genitive singular)
pac (genitive plural)
pacy (dative singular)
pacom (dative plural)
pacę (accusative singular)
pace (accusative plural)
pacą (instrumental singular)
pacami (instrumental plural)
pacy (locative singular)
pacach (locative plural)
paco (singular vocative)
pace (plural vocative)

(construction) trowel, smoother, skimmer (tool for applying a smooth layer of mortar, plaster, etc.)


pinta

pinta (nominative singular)
pinty (nominative plural)
pinty (genitive singular)
pint (genitive plural)
pincie (dative singular)
pintom (dative plural)
pintę (accusative singular)
pinty (accusative plural)
pintą (instrumental singular)
pintami (instrumental plural)
pincie (locative singular)
pintach (locative plural)
pinto (singular vocative)
pinty (plural vocative)

pinta (disease endemic to Central America)


saga

saga (nominative singular)
sagi (nominative plural)
sagi (genitive singular)
sag (genitive plural)
sadze (dative singular)
sagom (dative plural)
sagę (accusative singular)
sagi (accusative plural)
sagą (instrumental singular)
sagami (instrumental plural)
sadze (locative singular)
sagach (locative plural)
sago (singular vocative)
sagi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Icelandic saga, from Old Norse saga, from Proto-Germanic *sagǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ-.


misa

pl-noun

misa f (diminutive miska, augmentative micha)

miska (diminutive)
micha (augmentative)
misa (nominative singular)
misy (nominative plural)
misy (genitive singular)
mis (genitive plural)
misie (dative singular)
misom (dative plural)
misę (accusative singular)
misy (accusative plural)
misą (instrumental singular)
misami (instrumental plural)
misie (locative singular)
misach (locative plural)
miso (singular vocative)
misy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *misa, compare Russian миска (miska), Old Church Slavonic миса (misa), Czech mísa. Ultimately from Latin mēnsa.


lada

lada (nominative singular)
lady (nominative plural)
lady (genitive singular)
lad (genitive plural)
ladzie (dative singular)
ladom (dative plural)
ladę (accusative singular)
lady (accusative plural)
ladą (instrumental singular)
ladami (instrumental plural)
ladzie (locative singular)
ladach (locative plural)
lado (singular vocative)
lady (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Lade, from Middle High German lade, from Old High German *lada.

counter (table or board on which money is counted and over which business is transacted; a shop tabletop)


intrada

intrada (nominative singular)
intrady (nominative plural)
intrady (genitive singular)
intrad (genitive plural)
intradzie (dative singular)
intradom (dative plural)
intradę (accusative singular)
intrady (accusative plural)
intradą (instrumental singular)
intradami (instrumental plural)
intradzie (locative singular)
intradach (locative plural)
intrado (singular vocative)
intrady (plural vocative)


aurora

aurora (nominative singular)
aurory (nominative plural)
aurory (genitive singular)
auror (genitive plural)
aurorze (dative singular)
aurorom (dative plural)
aurorę (accusative singular)
aurory (accusative plural)
aurorą (instrumental singular)
aurorami (instrumental plural)
aurorze (locative singular)
aurorach (locative plural)
auroro (singular vocative)
aurory (plural vocative)

(poetic) red sky at morning (term for the brightening sky just before sunrise, when the sky takes on a yellow-orange color on the horizon)


prana

prana (nominative singular)
prany (genitive singular)
pranie (dative singular)
pranę (accusative singular)
praną (instrumental singular)
pranie (locative singular)
prano (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्राण (prāṇa).


-na

-na (nominative singular)
-ne (nominative plural)
-ny (nominative plural)
-nej (genitive singular)
-ny (genitive singular)
-nych (genitive plural)
-en (genitive plural)
-n (genitive plural)
-nej (dative singular)
-nie (dative singular)
-nym (dative plural)
-nom (dative plural)
-ną (accusative singular)
-nę (accusative singular)
-ne (accusative plural)
-ny (accusative plural)
-ną (instrumental singular)
-nymi (instrumental plural)
-nami (instrumental plural)
-nej (locative singular)
-nie (locative singular)
-nych (locative plural)
-nach (locative plural)
-no (singular vocative)
-ne (plural vocative)
-ny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish -na, from Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ.

arcyksiążę + -na → arcyksiężna

forms feminine adjective-like nouns -ess

arcyksiążę + -na → arcyksiężna

forms feminine adjective-like nouns meaning "wife of"


rumba

rumba (nominative singular)
rumby (nominative plural)
rumby (genitive singular)
rumb (genitive plural)
rumbie (dative singular)
rumbom (dative plural)
rumbę (accusative singular)
rumby (accusative plural)
rumbą (instrumental singular)
rumbami (instrumental plural)
rumbie (locative singular)
rumbach (locative plural)
rumbo (singular vocative)
rumby (plural vocative)


Lombardia

Lombardia (nominative singular)
Lombardii (genitive singular)
Lombardii (dative singular)
Lombardię (accusative singular)
Lombardią (instrumental singular)
Lombardii (locative singular)
Lombardio (singular vocative)

administrative region
administrative region

Lombardy (an administrative region in northern Italy, where its capital and the largest city Milan is founded in the Po Valley)


-da

-da (nominative singular)
-dy (nominative plural)
-dy (genitive singular)
-d (genitive plural)
-dzie (dative singular)
-dom (dative plural)
-dę (accusative singular)
-dy (accusative plural)
-dą (instrumental singular)
-dami (instrumental plural)
-dzie (locative singular)
-dach (locative plural)
-do (singular vocative)
-dy (plural vocative)

prawy + -da → prawda

krzywy + -da → krzywda

(obsolete) forms feminine nouns meaning the action of a verb


gloria

gloria (nominative singular)
glorie (nominative plural)
glorii (genitive singular)
glorii (genitive plural)
gloryj (archaic genitive plural)
glorii (dative singular)
gloriom (dative plural)
glorię (accusative singular)
glorie (accusative plural)
glorią (instrumental singular)
gloriami (instrumental plural)
glorii (locative singular)
gloriach (locative plural)
glorio (singular vocative)
glorie (plural vocative)

glory (honour, admiration, or distinction)

(art, Christianity) aureole, glory, halo, nimbus (luminous disc around the heads of saints in sacred art)

(literary, military) glory (war victory)


Hera

Hera (nominative singular)
Hery (genitive singular)
Herze (dative singular)
Herę (accusative singular)
Herą (instrumental singular)
Herze (locative singular)
Hero (singular vocative)

(Greek mythology) Hera (queen of the gods, wife of Zeus)


parka

Borrowed from English parka, ultimately from Tundra Nenets парка (parka), via Aleut parka and Russian па́рка (párka).


parka

parka (nominative singular)
parki (nominative plural)
parki (genitive singular)
parek (genitive plural)
parce (dative singular)
parkom (dative plural)
parkę (accusative singular)
parki (accusative plural)
parką (instrumental singular)
parkami (instrumental plural)
parce (locative singular)
parkach (locative plural)
parko (singular vocative)
parki (plural vocative)

(Roman mythology) Parca (one of the Fates)


chirurgia

chirurgia (nominative singular)
chirurgii (genitive singular)
chirurgii (dative singular)
chirurgię (accusative singular)
chirurgią (instrumental singular)
chirurgii (locative singular)
chirurgio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin chīrūrgia, from chīrurgus, from Ancient Greek χειρουργός (kheirourgós).

(informal) the section of a hospital in which surgeries are performed


abugida

abugida (nominative singular)
abugidy (nominative plural)
abugidy (genitive singular)
abugid (genitive plural)
abugidzie (dative singular)
abugidom (dative plural)
abugidę (accusative singular)
abugidy (accusative plural)
abugidą (instrumental singular)
abugidami (instrumental plural)
abugidzie (locative singular)
abugidach (locative plural)
abugido (singular vocative)
abugidy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ge'ez አቡጊዳ (ʾäbugida). First attested in the 21st century.

Podstawowe pole badań nad pismem fonograficznym podzielone jest na cztery obszary grafemiczne: pisma głoskowe (alfabet), sylabiczne, abdżad oraz abugidę.

2018, Aleksandra Smoczyńska, “Grafemika jako dział językoznawstwa-rozważania teoretyczne i perspektywy badań interdyscyplinarnych”, in Linguistica Copernicana, volume 15, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, →ISSN

The basic field of the studies on phonographic writing is divided into four graphemic fields: vocalic writing (alphabet), syllabic, abjad, as well as abugida.


-a

-a (nominative singular)
-y (nominative plural)
-y (genitive singular)
-ie (dative singular)
-om (dative plural)
-ę (accusative singular)
-y (accusative plural)
-ą (instrumental singular)
-ami (instrumental plural)
-ie (locative singular)
-ach (locative plural)
-o (singular vocative)
-y (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-a, from Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂.

Zdzisław + -a → Zdzisława

forms feminine names from masculine names

rad + -a → rada.

(obsolete) forms feminine nominative and vocative forms of short forms of adjectives


-a

Inherited from Old Polish -á, from Proto-Slavic *-aja.

główny + -a → główna

forms feminine nominative and vocative forms of adjectives


-a

table
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьja. Doublet of -ia.

forms collective nouns, causes palatalization


mantra

mantra (nominative singular)
mantry (nominative plural)
mantry (genitive singular)
mantr (genitive plural)
mantrze (dative singular)
mantrom (dative plural)
mantrę (accusative singular)
mantry (accusative plural)
mantrą (instrumental singular)
mantrami (instrumental plural)
mantrze (locative singular)
mantrach (locative plural)
mantro (singular vocative)
mantry (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Sanskrit मन्त्र (mantra, literally “instrument of thought”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *mántram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mántram, from Proto-Indo-European *mén-tro-m, from *men- (“to think”).

bor+

(Hinduism) mantra (phrase repeated to assist concentration during meditation)

(figuratively) mantra (slogan or phrase often repeated)


mamba

mamba (nominative singular)
mamby (nominative plural)
mamby (genitive singular)
mamb (genitive plural)
mambie (dative singular)
mambom (dative plural)
mambę (accusative singular)
mamby (accusative plural)
mambą (instrumental singular)
mambami (instrumental plural)
mambie (locative singular)
mambach (locative plural)
mambo (singular vocative)
mamby (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English mamba, from Zulu imamba.


pizda

pizda (nominative singular)
pizdy (nominative plural)
pizdy (genitive singular)
pizd (genitive plural)
piździe (dative singular)
pizdom (dative plural)
pizdę (accusative singular)
pizdy (accusative plural)
pizdą (instrumental singular)
pizdami (instrumental plural)
piździe (locative singular)
pizdach (locative plural)
pizdo (singular vocative)
pizdy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pizda, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pīˀsdāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *písdeh₂.

(vulgar) pussy, cunt (female genitalia, especially the external genitalia)

(offensive, vulgar) term of abuse for women

(offensive, vulgar) mangina; effeminate man

(offensive, vulgar) fuckup; loser; failure


malaria

malaria (nominative singular)
malarii (genitive singular)
malarii (dative singular)
malarię (accusative singular)
malarią (instrumental singular)
malarii (locative singular)
malario (singular vocative)


Demeter

(Greek mythology) Demeter (goddess of the fertility of the Earth and harvests, protector of marriage and social order; daughter of Cronos and Rhea, mother to Persephone)

(astronomy) 1108 Demeter (main belt asteroid)


kanapa

kanapa (nominative singular)
kanapy (nominative plural)
kanapy (genitive singular)
kanap (genitive plural)
kanapie (dative singular)
kanapom (dative plural)
kanapę (accusative singular)
kanapy (accusative plural)
kanapą (instrumental singular)
kanapami (instrumental plural)
kanapie (locative singular)
kanapach (locative plural)
kanapo (singular vocative)
kanapy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French canapé, from Latin cōnōpēum, from Ancient Greek κωνωπεῖον (kōnōpeîon).


Biblia

Biblia (nominative singular)
Biblii (genitive singular)
Biblii (dative singular)
Biblię (accusative singular)
Biblią (instrumental singular)
Biblii (locative singular)
Biblio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin biblia, from Ancient Greek βιβλία (biblía).

(Christianity) the Bible (Christian holy book)


laki

inflection of laka:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


lima

lima (nominative singular)
limy (nominative plural)
limy (genitive singular)
lim (genitive plural)
limie (dative singular)
limom (dative plural)
limę (accusative singular)
limy (accusative plural)
limą (instrumental singular)
limami (instrumental plural)
limie (locative singular)
limach (locative plural)
limo (singular vocative)
limy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish lima, from Andalusian Arabic لِيمَة (lima), from Arabic لَيْمُون (laymūn, “lemon, lime”), from Persian لیمو (lēmō, līmū).


kuna

marten (any mustelid of the genus Martes)

(historical) jougs (chained iron collar)


kuna

kuna (nominative singular)
kuny (nominative plural)
kuny (genitive singular)
kun (genitive plural)
kunie (dative singular)
kunom (dative plural)
kunę (accusative singular)
kuny (accusative plural)
kuną (instrumental singular)
kunami (instrumental plural)
kunie (locative singular)
kunach (locative plural)
kuno (singular vocative)
kuny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian kuna, from Proto-Slavic *kuna.

(historical) kuna (former currency of Croatia)


piana mydlana

piana mydlana (nominative singular)
piany mydlanej (genitive singular)
pianie mydlanej (dative singular)
pianę mydlaną (accusative singular)
pianą mydlaną (instrumental singular)
pianie mydlanej (locative singular)
piano mydlana (singular vocative)

lather, soap suds, suds (foam made by rapidly stirring soap and water)


anhedonia

anhedonia (nominative singular)
anhedonii (genitive singular)
anhedonii (dative singular)
anhedonię (accusative singular)
anhedonią (instrumental singular)
anhedonii (locative singular)
anhedonio (singular vocative)

(medicine, psychiatry) anhedonia (inability to feel pleasure from activities usually found enjoyable, such as exercise, hobbies, music, sexual activities, or social interactions)


cena

cena (nominative singular)
ceny (nominative plural)
ceny (genitive singular)
cen (genitive plural)
cenie (dative singular)
cenom (dative plural)
cenę (accusative singular)
ceny (accusative plural)
ceną (instrumental singular)
cenami (instrumental plural)
cenie (locative singular)
cenach (locative plural)
ceno (singular vocative)
ceny (plural vocative)

price (cost required to gain possession of something)

(Middle Polish, mathematics) value; size (size of a number; property of measurability)


figa

figowy (adjective)
figa (nominative singular)
figi (nominative plural)
figi (genitive singular)
fig (genitive plural)
fidze (dative singular)
figom (dative plural)
figę (accusative singular)
figi (accusative plural)
figą (instrumental singular)
figami (instrumental plural)
fidze (locative singular)
figach (locative plural)
figo (singular vocative)
figi (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Russian: фи́га (fíga)
→ Kildin Sami: фӣга (fīga)

Borrowed from Middle High German vîge. Doublet of fikus and pigwa.

(colloquial) ficus, fig (any tree of the genus Ficus)

fig sign (mildly obscene gesture that uses a thumb wedged in between two fingers)


Babel

Learned borrowing from Latin Babel. Doublet of Babilon and Babilonia.

(heraldry, historical) Polish coat of arms of the nobility granted in the Austrian Partition

(biblical) Babel (city and tower in the land of Shinar where the confusion of languages took place, according to the Bible)


balsa

balsowy (adjective)
balsa (nominative singular)
balsy (nominative plural)
balsy (genitive singular)
bals (genitive plural)
balsie (dative singular)
balsom (dative plural)
balsę (accusative singular)
balsy (accusative plural)
balsą (instrumental singular)
balsami (instrumental plural)
balsie (locative singular)
balsach (locative plural)
balso (singular vocative)
balsy (plural vocative)

Ochroma pyramidale
Wikispecies:Ochroma pyramidale


alga

alga (nominative singular)
algi (nominative plural)
algi (genitive singular)
alg (genitive plural)
aldze (dative singular)
algom (dative plural)
algę (accusative singular)
algi (accusative plural)
algą (instrumental singular)
algami (instrumental plural)
aldze (locative singular)
algach (locative plural)
algo (singular vocative)
algi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Alge or French algue, from Latin alga. First attested in 1619.

ref

Krystyna Siekierska (31.03.2009) “ALGA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]

na bazie alg

algi morskie

sproszkowane algi

nawilżające algi

brunatne algi

zielone algi

niebieskie algi

czerwone algi

lecznicze algi

hodowla alg

uprawa alg

gatunek alg

alga (any of many aquatic photosynthetic organisms)


aorta

aorta (nominative singular)
aorty (nominative plural)
aorty (genitive singular)
aort (genitive plural)
aorcie (dative singular)
aortom (dative plural)
aortę (accusative singular)
aorty (accusative plural)
aortą (instrumental singular)
aortami (instrumental plural)
aorcie (locative singular)
aortach (locative plural)
aorto (singular vocative)
aorty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀορτή (aortḗ, “the arteries springing from the heart”), from ἀορτέω (aortéō), lengthened form of ἀείρω (aeírō, “I lift, raise”).

bor+

(literary) aorta (the main area of transportation in a city)


Europa

Europa (nominative singular)
Europy (genitive singular)
Europie (dative singular)
Europę (accusative singular)
Europą (instrumental singular)
Europie (locative singular)
Europo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Eurōpa, from Ancient Greek Εὐρώπη (Eurṓpē).

Europa Północna

(Greek mythology) Europa (princess abducted to Crete by Zeus)


galena

galena (nominative singular)
galeny (genitive singular)
galenie (dative singular)
galenę (accusative singular)
galeną (instrumental singular)
galenie (locative singular)
galeno (singular vocative)


Nubia

Nubia (nominative singular)
Nubii (genitive singular)
Nubii (dative singular)
Nubię (accusative singular)
Nubią (instrumental singular)
Nubii (locative singular)
Nubio (singular vocative)


junta

junta (nominative singular)
junty (nominative plural)
junty (genitive singular)
junt (genitive plural)
juncie (dative singular)
juntom (dative plural)
juntę (accusative singular)
junty (accusative plural)
juntą (instrumental singular)
juntami (instrumental plural)
juncie (locative singular)
juntach (locative plural)
junto (singular vocative)
junty (plural vocative)

junta (the grand council of state in Spain)

(military) junta (ruling council of a military dictatorship)


winy

inflection of wina:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


opera

opera (nominative singular)
opery (nominative plural)
opery (genitive singular)
oper (genitive plural)
operze (dative singular)
operom (dative plural)
operę (accusative singular)
opery (accusative plural)
operą (instrumental singular)
operami (instrumental plural)
operze (locative singular)
operach (locative plural)
opero (singular vocative)
opery (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian opera, from Latin opera.


magma

magma (nominative singular)
magmy (genitive singular)
magmie (dative singular)
magmę (accusative singular)
magmą (instrumental singular)
magmie (locative singular)
magmo (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English magma, French magma, German Magma, ultimately from Latin magma, from Ancient Greek μάγμα (mágma).

magma (molten matter within the earth, the source of the material of lava flows, dikes of eruptive rocks, etc.)


lemma

lemma (nominative singular)
lemmy (nominative plural)
lemmy (genitive singular)
lemm (genitive plural)
lemmie (dative singular)
lemmom (dative plural)
lemmę (accusative singular)
lemmy (accusative plural)
lemmą (instrumental singular)
lemmami (instrumental plural)
lemmie (locative singular)
lemmach (locative plural)
lemmo (singular vocative)
lemmy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).


salina

salina (nominative singular)
saliny (nominative plural)
saliny (genitive singular)
salin (genitive plural)
salinie (dative singular)
salinom (dative plural)
salinę (accusative singular)
saliny (accusative plural)
saliną (instrumental singular)
salinami (instrumental plural)
salinie (locative singular)
salinach (locative plural)
salino (singular vocative)
saliny (plural vocative)

saltern, salt pan, saltworks (man-made pond where salty water is evaporated)


kola

kola (nominative singular)
kole (nominative plural)
koli (genitive singular)
kol (genitive plural)
koli (genitive plural)
koli (dative singular)
kolom (dative plural)
kolę (accusative singular)
kole (accusative plural)
kolą (instrumental singular)
kolami (instrumental plural)
koli (locative singular)
kolach (locative plural)
kolo (singular vocative)
kole (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English cola, from a Niger-Congo language. Sense 3 is a genericized trademark of Coca-Cola.


samba

samba (nominative singular)
samby (nominative plural)
samby (genitive singular)
samb (genitive plural)
sambie (dative singular)
sambom (dative plural)
sambę (accusative singular)
samby (accusative plural)
sambą (instrumental singular)
sambami (instrumental plural)
sambie (locative singular)
sambach (locative plural)
sambo (singular vocative)
samby (plural vocative)


bonanza

bonanza (nominative singular)
bonanzy (nominative plural)
bonanzy (genitive singular)
bonanz (genitive plural)
bonanzie (dative singular)
bonanzom (dative plural)
bonanzę (accusative singular)
bonanzy (accusative plural)
bonanzą (instrumental singular)
bonanzami (instrumental plural)
bonanzie (locative singular)
bonanzach (locative plural)
bonanzo (singular vocative)
bonanzy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English bonanza, from Spanish bonanza, from Vulgar Latin *bonacia, alteration of malacia.

(literary, mining) bonanza (rich mine or vein of silver or gold)

(literary) gold mine, lucky strike, sweet deal (very profitable economic venture)

(colloquial) lark, snorter (unexpected, unusual event)


duma

duma (nominative singular)
dumy (genitive singular)
dumie (dative singular)
dumę (accusative singular)
dumą (instrumental singular)
dumie (locative singular)
dumo (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *duma. Doublet of Duma.

pride (sense of one's own worth, and abhorrence of what is beneath or unworthy of one)


duma

duma (nominative singular)
dumy (nominative plural)
dumy (genitive singular)
dum (genitive plural)
dumie (dative singular)
dumom (dative plural)
dumę (accusative singular)
dumy (accusative plural)
dumą (instrumental singular)
dumami (instrumental plural)
dumie (locative singular)
dumach (locative plural)
dumo (singular vocative)
dumy (plural vocative)

dumka (individual composition in the genre of instrumental folk music from Ukraine)

dumka (literary work based on such a composition)


chimera

chimera (nominative singular)
chimery (nominative plural)
chimery (genitive singular)
chimer (genitive plural)
chimerze (dative singular)
chimerom (dative plural)
chimerę (accusative singular)
chimery (accusative plural)
chimerą (instrumental singular)
chimerami (instrumental plural)
chimerze (locative singular)
chimerach (locative plural)
chimero (singular vocative)
chimery (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin chimaera, from Ancient Greek χίμαιρα (khímaira).

(art) chimera (artistic representation of the Chimera, a mythological monster)

figment of one's imagination
figment of one's imagination

(literary) delusion, figment of one's imagination, invention, phantom

(genetics) chimera (organism with genetically distinct cells from two or more zygotes)

chimaera, chimera, rabbitfish, ratfish (cartilaginous marine fish in the subclass Holocephali and especially the order Chimaeriformes, with a blunt snout, long tail, and a spine before the first dorsal fin)


gala

galowy (adjective)
gala (nominative singular)
gale (nominative plural)
gali (genitive singular)
gali (genitive plural)
gal (genitive plural)
gali (dative singular)
galom (dative plural)
galę (accusative singular)
gale (accusative plural)
galą (instrumental singular)
galami (instrumental plural)
gali (locative singular)
galach (locative plural)
galo (singular vocative)
gale (plural vocative)


soma

soma (nominative singular)
somy (nominative plural)
somy (genitive singular)
som (genitive plural)
somie (dative singular)
somom (dative plural)
somę (accusative singular)
somy (accusative plural)
somą (instrumental singular)
somami (instrumental plural)
somie (locative singular)
somach (locative plural)
somo (singular vocative)
somy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).

(anatomy) soma (the whole axial portion of an animal, including the head, neck, trunk, and tail)

(anatomy) soma (the corporeal body, as distinguished from the psyche or soul)


soma

soma (nominative singular)
somy (genitive singular)
somie (dative singular)
somę (accusative singular)
somą (instrumental singular)
somie (locative singular)
somo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सोम (soma).

(Vedic religion) soma (ritual drink in ancient Vedic and continuing Hindu culture)


volta

volta (nominative singular)
volty (nominative plural)
volty (genitive singular)
volt (genitive plural)
volcie (dative singular)
voltom (dative plural)
voltę (accusative singular)
volty (accusative plural)
voltą (instrumental singular)
voltami (instrumental plural)
volcie (locative singular)
voltach (locative plural)
volto (singular vocative)
volty (plural vocative)


pica

pica (nominative singular)
pice (nominative plural)
picy (genitive singular)
pic (genitive plural)
picy (dative singular)
picom (dative plural)
picę (accusative singular)
pice (accusative plural)
picą (instrumental singular)
picami (instrumental plural)
picy (locative singular)
picach (locative plural)
pico (singular vocative)
pice (plural vocative)

table
Inherited from Old Polish pica (“fodder”).


pica

piczka (diminutive)
pica (nominative singular)
pice (nominative plural)
picy (genitive singular)
pic (genitive plural)
picy (dative singular)
picom (dative plural)
picę (accusative singular)
pice (accusative plural)
picą (instrumental singular)
picami (instrumental plural)
picy (locative singular)
picach (locative plural)
pico (singular vocative)
pice (plural vocative)

table
Inherited from Old Polish pica (“vulva”).


fauna

fauniczny (adjective)
fauna (nominative singular)
fauny (genitive singular)
faunie (dative singular)
faunę (accusative singular)
fauną (instrumental singular)
faunie (locative singular)
fauno (singular vocative)


bratanica

bratanica (nominative singular)
bratanice (nominative plural)
bratanicy (genitive singular)
bratanic (genitive plural)
bratanicy (dative singular)
bratanicom (dative plural)
bratanicę (accusative singular)
bratanice (accusative plural)
bratanicą (instrumental singular)
bratanicami (instrumental plural)
bratanicy (locative singular)
bratanicach (locative plural)
bratanico (singular vocative)
bratanice (plural vocative)


siostrzenica

siostrzenica (nominative singular)
siostrzenice (nominative plural)
siostrzenicy (genitive singular)
siostrzenic (genitive plural)
siostrzenicy (dative singular)
siostrzenicom (dative plural)
siostrzenicę (accusative singular)
siostrzenice (accusative plural)
siostrzenicą (instrumental singular)
siostrzenicami (instrumental plural)
siostrzenicy (locative singular)
siostrzenicach (locative plural)
siostrzenico (singular vocative)
siostrzenice (plural vocative)


UEFA

UEFA (nominative singular)
UEF-y (genitive singular)
UEF-ie (dative singular)
UEF-ę (accusative singular)
UEF-ą (instrumental singular)
UEF-ie (locative singular)
UEF-o (singular vocative)

Orthographic borrowing from English UEFA.

obor

UEFA (Union of European Football Associations, one of six continental bodies of governance in association football)


anomia

anomia (nominative singular)
anomii (genitive singular)
anomii (dative singular)
anomię (accusative singular)
anomią (instrumental singular)
anomii (locative singular)
anomio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀνομία (anomía).


iguana

iguana (nominative singular)
iguany (nominative plural)
iguany (genitive singular)
iguan (genitive plural)
iguanie (dative singular)
iguanom (dative plural)
iguanę (accusative singular)
iguany (accusative plural)
iguaną (instrumental singular)
iguanami (instrumental plural)
iguanie (locative singular)
iguanach (locative plural)
iguano (singular vocative)
iguany (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish iguana, from Taíno *iwana.


megalomania

pl-noun

megalomania f (related adjective megalomaniczny)

megalomaniczny (adjective)
megalomania (nominative singular)
megalomanii (genitive singular)
megalomanii (dative singular)
megalomanię (accusative singular)
megalomanią (instrumental singular)
megalomanii (locative singular)
megalomanio (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English megalomania, French mégalomanie, German Megalomanie.

delusion of grandeur
delusion of grandeur

(derogatory, literary) megalomania, delusion of grandeur (psychopathological condition characterized by delusional fantasies of wealth, power, or omnipotence)


Sedna

Sedna (nominative singular)
Sedny (genitive singular)
Sednie (dative singular)
Sednę (accusative singular)
Sedną (instrumental singular)
Sednie (locative singular)
Sedno (singular vocative)

(Inuit mythology) Sedna (Inuit goddess of the sea and marine animals)

Sedna (trans-Neptunian dwarf planet whose eccentric detached orbit is wholly beyond the Kuiper belt)


laguna

laguna (nominative singular)
laguny (nominative plural)
laguny (genitive singular)
lagun (genitive plural)
lagunie (dative singular)
lagunom (dative plural)
lagunę (accusative singular)
laguny (accusative plural)
laguną (instrumental singular)
lagunami (instrumental plural)
lagunie (locative singular)
lagunach (locative plural)
laguno (singular vocative)
laguny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian laguna, from Latin lacūna.


stai

inflection of staja:
genitive/dative/locative singular


Oklahoma

Oklahoma (nominative singular)
Oklahomy (genitive singular)
Oklahomie (dative singular)
Oklahomę (accusative singular)
Oklahomą (instrumental singular)
Oklahomie (locative singular)
Oklahomo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Oklahoma, from Choctaw okla (“people”) + homa (“red”).


Jessica

Jessica (nominative singular)
Jessiki (nominative plural)
Jessiki (genitive singular)
Jessic (genitive plural)
Jessice (dative singular)
Jessicom (dative plural)
Jessicę (accusative singular)
Jessiki (accusative plural)
Jessicą (instrumental singular)
Jessicami (instrumental plural)
Jessice (locative singular)
Jessicach (locative plural)
Jessico (singular vocative)
Jessiki (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Jessica.


robota

pl-noun

robota f (diminutive robótka or (obsolete) robotka)

robótka (diminutive)
robotka (diminutive obsolete)
robota (nominative singular)
roboty (nominative plural)
roboty (genitive singular)
robót (genitive plural)
robocie (dative singular)
robotom (dative plural)
robotę (accusative singular)
roboty (accusative plural)
robotą (instrumental singular)
robotami (instrumental plural)
robocie (locative singular)
robotach (locative plural)
roboto (singular vocative)
roboty (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish robota. By surface analysis, robić + -ota.

(colloquial) work (sustained effort to overcome obstacles and achieve a result)

(colloquial) job (economic role for which a person is paid)

(colloquial) workplace (place where a job is carried out)

(colloquial) job (result of someone's actions)

(colloquial) work, doing (manner of performing something)

(in the plural) works (collective effort aimed at accomplishing some goal)

(obsolete) need (necessity to do something)


melodia

melodyjka (diminutive)
melodia (nominative singular)
melodie (nominative plural)
melodii (genitive singular)
melodii (genitive plural)
melodyj (archaic genitive plural)
melodii (dative singular)
melodiom (dative plural)
melodię (accusative singular)
melodie (accusative plural)
melodią (instrumental singular)
melodiami (instrumental plural)
melodii (locative singular)
melodiach (locative plural)
melodio (singular vocative)
melodie (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: мело́дїꙗ (melódija), мело́дїа (melódia), мелїо́дїꙗ (meljódija), меле́дїꙗ (melédija)
Belarusian: мело́дыя (mjelódyja)
Carpathian Rusyn: мело́дія (melódija)
Ukrainian: мело́дія (melódija)

→ Russian: мело́дия (melódija)
→ Kazakh: мелодия (melodiä)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin melōdia, from Ancient Greek μελῳδίᾱ (melōidíā).


aporia

aporia (nominative singular)
aporii (genitive singular)
aporii (dative singular)
aporię (accusative singular)
aporią (instrumental singular)
aporii (locative singular)
aporio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀπορία (aporía).


firma

firma (nominative singular)
firmy (nominative plural)
firmy (genitive singular)
firm (genitive plural)
firmie (dative singular)
firmom (dative plural)
firmę (accusative singular)
firmy (accusative plural)
firmą (instrumental singular)
firmami (instrumental plural)
firmie (locative singular)
firmach (locative plural)
firmo (singular vocative)
firmy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian firma, from Latin firmāre.

company (in legal context, a corporation)


kreska

pl-noun

kreska f (diminutive kreseczka, augmentative krecha, related adjective kreskowy)

kreseczka (diminutive)
krecha (augmentative)
kreskowy (adjective)
kreska (nominative singular)
kreski (nominative plural)
kreski (genitive singular)
kresek (genitive plural)
kresce (dative singular)
kreskom (dative plural)
kreskę (accusative singular)
kreski (accusative plural)
kreską (instrumental singular)
kreskami (instrumental plural)
kresce (locative singular)
kreskach (locative plural)
kresko (singular vocative)
kreski (plural vocative)

(orthography) diacritic closely resembling an acute accent

(cosmetics) wing (cosmetic effect where eyeliner curves outward and ends at a point)


Lakota

Lakota (nominative singular)
Lakoty (nominative plural)
Lakoty (genitive singular)
Lakot (genitive plural)
Lakocie (dative singular)
Lakotom (dative plural)
Lakotę (accusative singular)
Lakoty (accusative plural)
Lakotą (instrumental singular)
Lakotami (instrumental plural)
Lakocie (locative singular)
Lakotach (locative plural)
Lakoto (singular vocative)
Lakoty (plural vocative)


oda

oda (nominative singular)
ody (nominative plural)
ody (genitive singular)
od (genitive plural)
odzie (dative singular)
odom (dative plural)
odę (accusative singular)
ody (accusative plural)
odą (instrumental singular)
odami (instrumental plural)
odzie (locative singular)
odach (locative plural)
odo (singular vocative)
ody (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin ōda, from Ancient Greek ᾠδή (ōidḗ).


nostalgia

nostalgia (nominative singular)
nostalgie (nominative plural)
nostalgii (genitive singular)
nostalgii (genitive plural)
nostalgij (archaic genitive plural)
nostalgii (dative singular)
nostalgiom (dative plural)
nostalgię (accusative singular)
nostalgie (accusative plural)
nostalgią (instrumental singular)
nostalgiami (instrumental plural)
nostalgii (locative singular)
nostalgiach (locative plural)
nostalgio (singular vocative)
nostalgie (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French nostalgie, from New Latin nostalgia, from Ancient Greek νόστος (nóstos) + ἄλγος (álgos).


Stancel

From a German form of the Slavic personal name Stanisław / Stanislav.


Arizona

Arizona (nominative singular)
Arizony (genitive singular)
Arizonie (dative singular)
Arizonę (accusative singular)
Arizoną (instrumental singular)
Arizonie (locative singular)
Arizono (singular vocative)


persona

persona (nominative singular)
persony (nominative plural)
persony (genitive singular)
person (genitive plural)
personie (dative singular)
personom (dative plural)
personę (accusative singular)
persony (accusative plural)
personą (instrumental singular)
personami (instrumental plural)
personie (locative singular)
personach (locative plural)
persono (singular vocative)
persony (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin persōna. Doublet of personat.

(literary) person (individual substance of a rational nature; usually a human being)

(ironic) personage (famous or important person)


Alaska

Alaska (nominative singular)
Alaski (genitive singular)
Alasce (dative singular)
Alaskę (accusative singular)
Alaską (instrumental singular)
Alasce (locative singular)
Alasko (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Alaska, from Aleut alaxsxaq.

Mieszkam na Alasce.


zoologia

zoologia (nominative singular)
zoologii (genitive singular)
zoologii (dative singular)
zoologię (accusative singular)
zoologią (instrumental singular)
zoologii (locative singular)
zoologio (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English zoology, French zoologie, German Zoologie, ultimately from Ancient Greek ζῷον (zôion) + λόγος (lógos).

(zoology) zoology (science that studies the animal kingdom)


gondola

gondolka (diminutive)
gondola (nominative singular)
gondole (nominative plural)
gondoli (genitive singular)
gondoli (genitive plural)
gondoli (dative singular)
gondolom (dative plural)
gondolę (accusative singular)
gondole (accusative plural)
gondolą (instrumental singular)
gondolami (instrumental plural)
gondoli (locative singular)
gondolach (locative plural)
gondolo (singular vocative)
gondole (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian gondola, from Venetian góndoła, probably from Byzantine Greek κοντούρα (kontoúra, “small tail”).

gondola (narrow boat, especially in Venice)

gondola (enclosed car attached to a cable mechanically lifted up the side of a mountain)


garda

garda (nominative singular)
gardy (nominative plural)
gardy (genitive singular)
gard (genitive plural)
gardzie (dative singular)
gardom (dative plural)
gardę (accusative singular)
gardy (accusative plural)
gardą (instrumental singular)
gardami (instrumental plural)
gardzie (locative singular)
gardach (locative plural)
gardo (singular vocative)
gardy (plural vocative)

(boxing) guard (way in which boxers position their hands in their stance)


sala

sala f (diminutive salka, related adjective salowy)

salka (diminutive)
salowy (adjective)
sala (nominative singular)
sale (nominative plural)
sali (genitive singular)
sal (genitive plural)
sali (dative singular)
salom (dative plural)
salę (accusative singular)
sale (accusative plural)
salą (instrumental singular)
salami (instrumental plural)
sali (locative singular)
salach (locative plural)
salo (singular vocative)
sale (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French salle. First attested in the 16th century.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “sala”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

assembly hall (large room where people gather)

assembly hall (those gathered in such a room)


begonia

begonijka (diminutive)
begonia (nominative singular)
begonie (nominative plural)
begonii (genitive singular)
begonii (genitive plural)
begonij (archaic genitive plural)
begonii (dative singular)
begoniom (dative plural)
begonię (accusative singular)
begonie (accusative plural)
begonią (instrumental singular)
begoniami (instrumental plural)
begonii (locative singular)
begoniach (locative plural)
begonio (singular vocative)
begonie (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French bégonia, named after French governor of Saint-Domingue Michel Bégon.


lobelia

lobelia (nominative singular)
lobelie (nominative plural)
lobelii (genitive singular)
lobelii (genitive plural)
lobelij (archaic genitive plural)
lobelii (dative singular)
lobeliom (dative plural)
lobelię (accusative singular)
lobelie (accusative plural)
lobelią (instrumental singular)
lobeliami (instrumental plural)
lobelii (locative singular)
lobeliach (locative plural)
lobelio (singular vocative)
lobelie (plural vocative)


fara

farny (adjective)
fara (nominative singular)
fary (nominative plural)
fary (genitive singular)
far (genitive plural)
farze (dative singular)
farom (dative plural)
farę (accusative singular)
fary (accusative plural)
farą (instrumental singular)
farami (instrumental plural)
farze (locative singular)
farach (locative plural)
faro (singular vocative)
fary (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: fara

→ Slovincian: fara

Borrowed from German Pfarre. First attested in 1553. Compare Silesian fara.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “fara”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(archaic, Christianity) parish church; parish (church that serves as the religious center of a parish; the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches)

(obsolete, education) parochial school (school associated with the parish of a church)

(Middle Polish, Christianity) parish (part of a diocese; costs associated with parish maintenance)

(Middle Polish, figurative, hapax, religion) hell (place of torment where some or all sinners and evil spirits are believed to go after death)


burka

(Islam) burka (female garment that covers the whole body)


burka

burka (nominative singular)
burki (nominative plural)
burki (genitive singular)
burek (genitive plural)
burce (dative singular)
burkom (dative plural)
burkę (accusative singular)
burki (accusative plural)
burką (instrumental singular)
burkami (instrumental plural)
burce (locative singular)
burkach (locative plural)
burko (singular vocative)
burki (plural vocative)

(historical) long, voluminous outer garment with a hood and without sleeves, made of thick cloth, formerly worn when travelling


Nebraska

Nebraska (nominative singular)
Nebraski (genitive singular)
Nebrasce (dative singular)
Nebraskę (accusative singular)
Nebraską (instrumental singular)
Nebrasce (locative singular)
Nebrasko (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Nebraska, probably from archaic Chiwere Ñí Brásge or Omaha-Ponca Ní Btháska, both meaning "flat water," after the Platte River that flows through the state.


parabola

parabola (nominative singular)
parabole (nominative plural)
paraboli (genitive singular)
paraboli (genitive plural)
parabol (genitive plural)
paraboli (dative singular)
parabolom (dative plural)
parabolę (accusative singular)
parabole (accusative plural)
parabolą (instrumental singular)
parabolami (instrumental plural)
paraboli (locative singular)
parabolach (locative plural)
parabolo (singular vocative)
parabole (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin parabola. Doublet of parol.


Indiana

Indiana (nominative singular)
Indiany (genitive singular)
Indianie (dative singular)
Indianę (accusative singular)
Indianą (instrumental singular)
Indianie (locative singular)
Indiano (singular vocative)


Iowa

Borrowed from English Iowa, from French Aiouez, an early transliteration of the name for the Iowa tribe, from Dakota ayúxba (“sleepy ones”).


Nevada

Nevada (nominative singular)
Nevady (genitive singular)
Nevadzie (dative singular)
Nevadę (accusative singular)
Nevadą (instrumental singular)
Nevadzie (locative singular)
Nevado (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Nevada, from Spanish nevada (“snow-covered”).


Missouri

Borrowed from English Missouri, from a French adaptation of Miami wimihsoorita (“the people who have dugout canoes”), a term for the inhabitants of the area around the Missouri River.


petunia

petunia (nominative singular)
petunie (nominative plural)
petunii (genitive singular)
petunii (genitive plural)
petunij (archaic genitive plural)
petunii (dative singular)
petuniom (dative plural)
petunię (accusative singular)
petunie (accusative plural)
petunią (instrumental singular)
petuniami (instrumental plural)
petunii (locative singular)
petuniach (locative plural)
petunio (singular vocative)
petunie (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English petunia, French pétunia, German Petunie, ultimately from New Latin Petunia, from French pétun, from Portuguese petum, from Paraguayan Guaraní pety.

petunia (any plant of the genus Petunia)


Alabama

Alabama (nominative singular)
Alabamy (genitive singular)
Alabamie (dative singular)
Alabamę (accusative singular)
Alabamą (instrumental singular)
Alabamie (locative singular)
Alabamo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Alabama, from Alabama Albaamaha.


Arkansas

Borrowed from English Arkansas, from French Arcansas.


arena

arena (nominative singular)
areny (nominative plural)
areny (genitive singular)
aren (genitive plural)
arenie (dative singular)
arenom (dative plural)
arenę (accusative singular)
areny (accusative plural)
areną (instrumental singular)
arenami (instrumental plural)
arenie (locative singular)
arenach (locative plural)
areno (singular vocative)
areny (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin arēna, from an earlier *hasēna, possibly from Etruscan. Doublet of arenal.

(historical) arena (sand-covered centre of an amphitheatre)

arena (realm in which important events unfold)


Tennessee

Borrowed from English Tennessee, from Cherokee ᏔᎾᏏ (tanasi).

Tennessee (a river in the United States)


stupa

stupa (nominative singular)
stupy (nominative plural)
stupy (genitive singular)
stup (genitive plural)
stupie (dative singular)
stupom (dative plural)
stupę (accusative singular)
stupy (accusative plural)
stupą (instrumental singular)
stupami (instrumental plural)
stupie (locative singular)
stupach (locative plural)
stupo (singular vocative)
stupy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa).

lbor

(Buddhism) stupa (dome-shaped Buddhist monument, used to house relics of the Lord Buddha)


pagoda

pagodowy (adjective)
pagoda (nominative singular)
pagody (nominative plural)
pagody (genitive singular)
pagod (genitive plural)
pagodzie (dative singular)
pagodom (dative plural)
pagodę (accusative singular)
pagody (accusative plural)
pagodą (instrumental singular)
pagodami (instrumental plural)
pagodzie (locative singular)
pagodach (locative plural)
pagodo (singular vocative)
pagody (plural vocative)


UE

Polska wstąpiła do UE w 2004.


brody

inflection of broda:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


cyfra arabska

cyfra arabska (nominative singular)
cyfry arabskie (nominative plural)
cyfry arabskiej (genitive singular)
cyfr arabskich (genitive plural)
cyfrze arabskiej (dative singular)
cyfrom arabskim (dative plural)
cyfrę arabską (accusative singular)
cyfry arabskie (accusative plural)
cyfrą arabską (instrumental singular)
cyframi arabskimi (instrumental plural)
cyfrze arabskiej (locative singular)
cyfrach arabskich (locative plural)
cyfro arabska (singular vocative)
cyfry arabskie (plural vocative)


summa

summa (nominative singular)
summy (nominative plural)
summy (genitive singular)
summ (genitive plural)
summie (dative singular)
summom (dative plural)
summę (accusative singular)
summy (accusative plural)
summą (instrumental singular)
summami (instrumental plural)
summie (locative singular)
summach (locative plural)
summo (singular vocative)
summy (plural vocative)

(historical) summa (medieval didactics literary genre written in Latin, born during the 12th century, and popularized in 13th century Europe)

summa (comprehensive summary of, or treatise on a subject, especially theology or philosophy)

summa (culmination or archetypal example)


gula

(colloquial) bump (swelling on the skin caused by illness or injury)


gula

gularz (masculine)
gula (nominative singular)
gule (nominative plural)
guli (genitive singular)
guli (genitive plural)
gul (genitive plural)
guli (dative singular)
gulom (dative plural)
gulę (accusative singular)
gule (accusative plural)
gulą (instrumental singular)
gulami (instrumental plural)
guli (locative singular)
gulach (locative plural)
gulo (singular vocative)
gule (plural vocative)


Eris

(Greek mythology) Eris (Greek goddess of discord and strife, whose apple of discord sparked events that eventually led to the Trojan War)


Gordon

From the personal name Gordian (from Latin Gordianus). Alternatively, from an East Slavic word meaning "proud", e.g. Ukrainian гордий (hordyj), Belarusian горды (hórdy), Russian гордый (gordyj).


Chloe

(rare) a female given name from Latin [in turn from Ancient Greek]


Szlachta

Szlachta (nominative singular)
Szlachty (nominative plural)
Szlachty (genitive singular)
Szlacht (genitive plural)
Szlachcie (dative singular)
Szlachtom (dative plural)
Szlachtę (accusative singular)
Szlachty (accusative plural)
Szlachtą (instrumental singular)
Szlachtami (instrumental plural)
Szlachcie (locative singular)
Szlachtach (locative plural)
Szlachto (singular vocative)
Szlachty (plural vocative)


mimesis

Learned borrowing from Latin mīmēsis, from Ancient Greek μῑ́μησις (mī́mēsis).

(art, literature) mimesis (representation of aspects of the real world, especially human actions)


Barbara

Barbara (nominative singular)
Barbary (nominative plural)
Barbary (genitive singular)
Barbar (genitive plural)
Barbarze (dative singular)
Barbarom (dative plural)
Barbarę (accusative singular)
Barbary (accusative plural)
Barbarą (instrumental singular)
Barbarami (instrumental plural)
Barbarze (locative singular)
Barbarach (locative plural)
Barbaro (singular vocative)
Barbary (plural vocative)

Ultimately from from Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros). Doublet of Barbórka.

a female given name, equivalent to English Barbara


aura

aura (nominative singular)
aury (nominative plural)
aury (genitive singular)
aur (genitive plural)
aurze (dative singular)
aurom (dative plural)
aurę (accusative singular)
aury (accusative plural)
aurą (instrumental singular)
aurami (instrumental plural)
aurze (locative singular)
aurach (locative plural)
auro (singular vocative)
aury (plural vocative)

aura (distinctive atmosphere or quality associated with something)

(meteorology) weather (distinctive atmosphere)

(medicine) aura (telltale sensation experienced by some people with epilepsy before a seizure)

(parapsychology) aura, biofield (invisible force surrounding a living creature; supposed field of energy or life force that surrounds or permeates a living thing)


polka

poleczka (diminutive)
polka (nominative singular)
polki (nominative plural)
polki (genitive singular)
polek (genitive plural)
polce (dative singular)
polkom (dative plural)
polkę (accusative singular)
polki (accusative plural)
polką (instrumental singular)
polkami (instrumental plural)
polce (locative singular)
polkach (locative plural)
polko (singular vocative)
polki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Czech polka. Doublet of półka.


babka

babeczka (diminutive)
babka (nominative singular)
babki (nominative plural)
babki (genitive singular)
babek (genitive plural)
babce (dative singular)
babkom (dative plural)
babkę (accusative singular)
babki (accusative plural)
babką (instrumental singular)
babkami (instrumental plural)
babce (locative singular)
babkach (locative plural)
babko (singular vocative)
babki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish babka. By surface analysis, baba + -ka.

plantain (any plant of the genus Plantago)

(obsolete, agriculture) mound of several sheaves of grain placed in a field

(obsolete, mining) stone closing the entrance to the mine

(obsolete, forging) stone used to close a blast furnace acting as a furnace door

(obsolete, engineering) hammer with the same head on both sides

(obsolete, forging) anvil for bending padlock shackles

(obsolete, forging) small anvil used for tapping a scythe

(obsolete) goby (any of various small fish from the large family Gobiidae)

(obsolete) type of old, small Polish currency

(obsolete) die used in a particular children's game


mandala

mandala (nominative singular)
mandale (nominative plural)
mandali (genitive singular)
mandal (genitive plural)
mandali (dative singular)
mandalom (dative plural)
mandalę (accusative singular)
mandale (accusative plural)
mandalą (instrumental singular)
mandalami (instrumental plural)
mandali (locative singular)
mandalach (locative plural)
mandalo (singular vocative)
mandale (plural vocative)

(Buddhism, Hinduism) mandala (Hindu design)


bossa nova

bossa nova (nominative singular)
bossa novy (genitive singular)
bossa novie (dative singular)
bossa novę (accusative singular)
bossa novą (instrumental singular)
bossa novie (locative singular)
bossa novo (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Brazilian Portuguese bossa nova.


sutra

sutra (nominative singular)
sutry (nominative plural)
sutry (genitive singular)
sutr (genitive plural)
sutrze (dative singular)
sutrom (dative plural)
sutrę (accusative singular)
sutry (accusative plural)
sutrą (instrumental singular)
sutrami (instrumental plural)
sutrze (locative singular)
sutrach (locative plural)
sutro (singular vocative)
sutry (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Sanskrit सूत्र (sū́tra, “thread, yarn, string; rule”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *súHtram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHtram, from Proto-Indo-European *súh₁trom, from *syuh₁- (“to sew”).

bor+

(literature) sutra (rule or thesis in Sanskrit grammar or Hindu law or philosophy)

(Buddhism, Hinduism) sutra (scriptural narrative)


stora

stora (nominative singular)
story (nominative plural)
story (genitive singular)
stor (genitive plural)
storze (dative singular)
storom (dative plural)
storę (accusative singular)
story (accusative plural)
storą (instrumental singular)
storami (instrumental plural)
storze (locative singular)
storach (locative plural)
storo (singular vocative)
story (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French store, from Latin storea.


blanka

blanka (nominative singular)
blanki (nominative plural)
blanki (genitive singular)
blanek (genitive plural)
blance (dative singular)
blankom (dative plural)
blankę (accusative singular)
blanki (accusative plural)
blanką (instrumental singular)
blankami (instrumental plural)
blance (locative singular)
blankach (locative plural)
blanko (singular vocative)
blanki (plural vocative)

(architecture, military) cop, merlon (any of the upright projections between the embrasures of a battlement)


panorama

panorama (nominative singular)
panoramy (nominative plural)
panoramy (genitive singular)
panoram (genitive plural)
panoramie (dative singular)
panoramom (dative plural)
panoramę (accusative singular)
panoramy (accusative plural)
panoramą (instrumental singular)
panoramami (instrumental plural)
panoramie (locative singular)
panoramach (locative plural)
panoramo (singular vocative)
panoramy (plural vocative)


trauma

trauma (nominative singular)
traumy (nominative plural)
traumy (genitive singular)
traum (genitive plural)
traumie (dative singular)
traumom (dative plural)
traumę (accusative singular)
traumy (accusative plural)
traumą (instrumental singular)
traumami (instrumental plural)
traumie (locative singular)
traumach (locative plural)
traumo (singular vocative)
traumy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English trauma, from Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma).

(medicine) trauma (serious injury to the body)


diorama

diorama (nominative singular)
dioramy (nominative plural)
dioramy (genitive singular)
dioram (genitive plural)
dioramie (dative singular)
dioramom (dative plural)
dioramę (accusative singular)
dioramy (accusative plural)
dioramą (instrumental singular)
dioramami (instrumental plural)
dioramie (locative singular)
dioramach (locative plural)
dioramo (singular vocative)
dioramy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French diorama, from Ancient Greek δια- (dia-) + ὅραμα (hórama).

(art) diorama (three-dimensional display of a scenery)


bela

bela (nominative singular)
bele (nominative plural)
beli (genitive singular)
beli (genitive plural)
bel (genitive plural)
beli (dative singular)
belom (dative plural)
belę (accusative singular)
bele (accusative plural)
belą (instrumental singular)
belami (instrumental plural)
beli (locative singular)
belach (locative plural)
belo (singular vocative)
bele (plural vocative)

bale (a rounded bundle or package of goods in a cloth cover, and corded for storage or transportation)


banda

banda (nominative singular)
bandy (nominative plural)
bandy (genitive singular)
band (genitive plural)
bandzie (dative singular)
bandom (dative plural)
bandę (accusative singular)
bandy (accusative plural)
bandą (instrumental singular)
bandami (instrumental plural)
bandzie (locative singular)
bandach (locative plural)
bando (singular vocative)
bandy (plural vocative)

(colloquial) band, clique, crew (group of people loosely united for a common purpose)

(colloquial) mob (group of loud and rambunctious people)

barrier (protective fence around a racetrack)

cushion (lip around a table in cue sports)


baki

inflection of baka:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


bani

inflection of bania:
genitive/dative/locative singular


tequila

tequila (nominative singular)
tequile (nominative plural)
tequili (genitive singular)
tequili (genitive plural)
tequili (dative singular)
tequilom (dative plural)
tequilę (accusative singular)
tequile (accusative plural)
tequilą (instrumental singular)
tequilami (instrumental plural)
tequili (locative singular)
tequilach (locative plural)
tequilo (singular vocative)
tequile (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Mexican Spanish tequila.


brandy

Unadapted borrowing from English brandy.

brandy (alcoholic liquor distilled from wine or fermented fruit juice)


telega

telega (nominative singular)
telegi (nominative plural)
telegi (genitive singular)
teleg (genitive plural)
teledze (dative singular)
telegom (dative plural)
telegę (accusative singular)
telegi (accusative plural)
telegą (instrumental singular)
telegami (instrumental plural)
teledze (locative singular)
telegach (locative plural)
telego (singular vocative)
telegi (plural vocative)

Dwie telegi tego rodzaju zastaliśmy przed więzieniem w wewnętrznym jego dziedzińcu[…]

1876, Konstanty Wolicki, Wspomnienia z czasów pobytu w cytadeli warszawskiej i na Syberyi. (Erinnerungen aus den Zeiten des Aufenthaltes in der Warschauer Cittadelle und in Sibirien.), page 57

We found two telegas of this kind in front of the prison in its inner courtyard […]

(historical) telega (simple four-wheeled Russian cart without springs)


certa

certa (nominative singular)
certy (nominative plural)
certy (genitive singular)
cert (genitive plural)
cercie (dative singular)
certom (dative plural)
certę (accusative singular)
certy (accusative plural)
certą (instrumental singular)
certami (instrumental plural)
cercie (locative singular)
certach (locative plural)
certo (singular vocative)
certy (plural vocative)


karma

karma (nominative singular)
karmy (nominative plural)
karmy (genitive singular)
karm (genitive plural)
karmie (dative singular)
karmom (dative plural)
karmę (accusative singular)
karmy (accusative plural)
karmą (instrumental singular)
karmami (instrumental plural)
karmie (locative singular)
karmach (locative plural)
karmo (singular vocative)
karmy (plural vocative)

Coordinate term: pasza


karma

karma (nominative singular)
karmy (genitive singular)
karmie (dative singular)
karmę (accusative singular)
karmą (instrumental singular)
karmie (locative singular)
karmo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman). Doublet of karman.

lbor

(Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism) karma (total effect of a person's actions and conduct during the successive phases of their existence)


puma

puma (nominative singular)
pumy (nominative plural)
pumy (genitive singular)
pum (genitive plural)
pumie (dative singular)
pumom (dative plural)
pumę (accusative singular)
pumy (accusative plural)
pumą (instrumental singular)
pumami (instrumental plural)
pumie (locative singular)
pumach (locative plural)
pumo (singular vocative)
pumy (plural vocative)