osoba

osóbka (diminutive)
osoba (nominative singular)
osoby (nominative plural)
osoby (genitive singular)
osób (genitive plural)
osobie (dative singular)
osobom (dative plural)
osobę (accusative singular)
osoby (accusative plural)
osobą (instrumental singular)
osobami (instrumental plural)
osobie (locative singular)
osobach (locative plural)
osobo (singular vocative)
osoby (plural vocative)

(obsolete) form, appearance, shape; persona

(Middle Polish, theater) character in a play

→ (narratology) character in any work [with genitive ‘of what’]

osoba ministra

osoba autora

osoba króla

osoba papieża

osoba władcy

person (in conjunction with another nominal; someone specific and not someone else)

(humorous, obsolete) personality, notable, figure (well-known person)

(Middle Polish) property, essence (quality that makes up or determines a being)

(Middle Polish, Christianity) person (any one of the three hypostases of the Holy Trinity: the Father, Son, or Holy Spirit)

(Middle Polish, Christianity) body and blood (bread and wine) of the Sacrament of the Eucharist

(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain.


tabaka

tabaczka (diminutive)
tabaka (nominative singular)
tabaki (genitive singular)
tabace (dative singular)
tabakę (accusative singular)
tabaką (instrumental singular)
tabace (locative singular)
tabako (singular vocative)


armata

armatka (diminutive)
armata (nominative singular)
armaty (nominative plural)
armaty (genitive singular)
armat (genitive plural)
armacie (dative singular)
armatom (dative plural)
armatę (accusative singular)
armaty (accusative plural)
armatą (instrumental singular)
armatami (instrumental plural)
armacie (locative singular)
armatach (locative plural)
armato (singular vocative)
armaty (plural vocative)

desc

→ Old Ruthenian: арма́та (armáta), гарма́та (harmáta)

Belarusian: гарма́та (harmáta)

Ukrainian: гарма́та (harmáta)

→ Yiddish: האַרמאַט (harmat)

Learned borrowing from Latin armāta (“armed”). Until 18th century, denotes only naval fleet (similar to Spanish armada) or artillery.


papy

inflection of papa:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


bitki

inflection of bitka:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


synagoga

pl-noun

synagoga f (related adjective synagogalny)

synagogalny (adjective)
synagoga (nominative singular)
synagogi (nominative plural)
synagogi (genitive singular)
synagog (genitive plural)
synagodze (dative singular)
synagogom (dative plural)
synagogę (accusative singular)
synagogi (accusative plural)
synagogą (instrumental singular)
synagogami (instrumental plural)
synagodze (locative singular)
synagogach (locative plural)
synagogo (singular vocative)
synagogi (plural vocative)

(Judaism) synagogue (Jewish house of prayer)


morda

morda f (diminutive mordka or morduchna)

mordka (diminutive)
morduchna (diminutive)
morda (nominative singular)
mordy (nominative plural)
mordy (genitive singular)
mord (genitive plural)
mordzie (dative singular)
mordom (dative plural)
mordę (accusative singular)
mordy (accusative plural)
mordą (instrumental singular)
mordami (instrumental plural)
mordzie (locative singular)
mordach (locative plural)
mordo (singular vocative)
mordy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from East Slavic. Compare Russian мо́рда (mórda).

snout, muzzle (long, projecting nose, mouth, and jaw of a beast, as of pigs)


broń

broń (nominative singular)
bronie (nominative plural)
broni (genitive singular)
broni (genitive plural)
broni (dative singular)
broniom (dative plural)
broń (accusative singular)
bronie (accusative plural)
bronią (instrumental singular)
broniami (instrumental plural)
broni (locative singular)
broniach (locative plural)
broni (singular vocative)
bronie (plural vocative)

weapon (instrument of attack or defense in combat or hunting)

group of military units using a particular type of weapon

+obj

przeciw przeciwko (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’

weapon (instrument or other means of harming or exerting control over another) [with przeciw or przeciwko (+ dative) ‘against whom/what’]


Dione

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Διώνη (Diṓnē).

lbor

(astronomy) Dione (moon in Jupiter system, Solar System; The fourth largest moon of Saturn)


amorfa

amorfa (nominative singular)
amorfy (nominative plural)
amorfy (genitive singular)
amorf (genitive plural)
amorfie (dative singular)
amorfom (dative plural)
amorfę (accusative singular)
amorfy (accusative plural)
amorfą (instrumental singular)
amorfami (instrumental plural)
amorfie (locative singular)
amorfach (locative plural)
amorfo (singular vocative)
amorfy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin Amorpha, from Ancient Greek ἄμορφος (ámorphos). First attested in 1805.

ref

Izabela Czartoryska (1805) Myśli różne o sposobie zakładania ogrodów (in Polish), page 51

amorpha (any species of the genus Amorpha)


żółć

żółć (nominative singular)
żółci (genitive singular)
żółci (dative singular)
żółć (accusative singular)
żółcią (instrumental singular)
żółci (locative singular)
żółci (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zьlčь (“bile”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źulʔ-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰlh₃-. Related to *zelenъ and was under influence of *žьltъ.

inh+

I tu „abstrakcje” karmiono reminiscencją z natury, z której elementy poszczególne wybrano po to, by z nich stworzyć kombinacje proste, bo złożone często z kilku zaledwie kresek barw takich jak: czerwień, żółć, błękit, z dodatkiem czasami zieleni, fioletu, oranżu.

1973, Jerzy Wolff, Kształt pie̜kna, Arkady, page 210

And here "abstractions" were fed reminiscence from nature, from which the particular elements were chosen to create simple combinations thereof, becuase they are often composed of a but a few bars of color such as: red, yellow, blue, with the addition of green, violet, and orange.

Począwszy od karty 47ᵛ efekty kolorystyczne stają się bardziej agresywne (róż złamany z fioletem, jaskrawy błękit, manganowa zieleń, ostra żółć) […]

1977, Krystyna Secomska, Legenda Aleksandra Wielkiego w "Pantheonie" sandomierskim: miniatury w Kodeksie z 1335 roku, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, page 154

Starting from card 47 ᵛ the color effects become more aggressive (pink broken with violet, light blue, mango green, a sharp yellow) […]

Życie i śmierć — i to dowodzi pośrednich koneksji Cervenia z praktyką ekspresjonistów 2 — symbolizowane są kolorami: żółć jest barwą więdnięcia i rozkładu, błękit i złoto barwą życia.

1982, Witold Nawrocki, Współczesność i historia: z problematyki współczesnej literatury czeskiej i słowackiej

Like and death — and that proves average connections of Cervenia with the practiceo f expressionists 2 are symbolized with colors: yellow is the color of withering and decay, blue and gold are the colors of life.

Przypominam: do kolorów zasadniczych zalicza się: czerwień, błękit, żółć, biel i czerń.

2005, Edyta Gruszczyk-Kolczyńska, Wspomaganie rozwoju umysłowego trzylatków i dzieci starszych wolniej rozwijających się: książka dla rodziców, terapeutów i nauczycielek przedszkola, WSiP, page 157

I remind you: the basic colors include: red, blue, yellow, white, and black.

Ponieważ żółć pęcherzykowa ma mocniéyszy kolor, większą gorycz i iest gęstsza od téy, która prosto z wątroby do kiszek udaie się […]

1820, Sylwan: Dziennik nauk leśnych i Myśliwych, volume I, page 63

Because blister bile has a stronger color, a stronger bitterness, and is thicker than the bile straight from liver, it is useful for guts […]

Następuje emulgowanie tłuszczu i w tym procesie największą rolę odgrywa żółć.

1986, Krystyna Flis, Wanda Konaszewska, Podstawy żywienia człowieka, WSiP, page 99

Next is the emulsification of fat and bile plays the biggest role here.

Po przejściu z kanalików do przewodzików żółciowych, a następnie do głównych przewodów żółciowych, żółć podlega dalszej reabsorpcji i wydzielaniu.

2013, Courtney M. Townsend, Chirurgia Sabiston, Elsevier Health Sciences, page 376

After passing through frmo the channels do the biliary ductules, and then to the main biliary ductules, bile undergoes further reabsorbtion and emission.

(biochemistry) bile (liquid produced by the liver)

ŁATKA. Jasiu Jańciu dla miłości / Boga Ojca jedynego, / Nie nudź téż tak bez litości, / Bo nim przyjdzie co do czego, / Tak udręczysz, tak utrudzisz, / Tak wymęczysz, tak wynudzisz, / Że aż krew się w żółć przemienia.

1838, Aleksander Fredro, Komedye, page 305

PATCH. Jaś Jańiec for love / of the Only Lord / Don't worry thus without mercy, / Because before push comes to shove, / You shall bully, you shall tire us / You shall tire us out thusly, exhaust thusly, / Until blood turns into bile.

Podstawą rozdziałów III- VII jest teoria humoralna. Czytelnik dowiaduje się, że szczególnym zagrożeniem dla ludzi nauki są flegma i czarna żółć (III).

2008, Przegląd filozoficzno-literacki, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Instytut Filozofii

The basis of chatpers 3-7 is the humoral theory. The reader finds out that a particular threat for the study of people is flegma and black bile (chapter 3).

Ten człowieczek cichy, skromny, potulny, uczynny i chętnie biedujący, tak że go młodzież koroniarska nazwała »Jezuskiem litewskim«, miał przecie w sobie żółci nie mało, którą przeciwników lub nieprzyjaciół ścigał wytrwale i zjadliwie, ale zwykle z boku lub z ukrycia.

1979, Marian Brandys, Koniec świata szwoleżerów, Iskry, page 203

This person, quiet, modest, meek, accommodating and who enjoys living in poverty so that the Koronian youth called him the "Lithuanian Jesus", had of course a bile in him that he used to chase enemies and foes persistently and viciously, and usually from teh side or from hiding.


acerola

acerola (nominative singular)
acerole (nominative plural)
aceroli (genitive singular)
acerol (genitive plural)
aceroli (genitive plural)
aceroli (dative singular)
acerolom (dative plural)
acerolę (accusative singular)
acerole (accusative plural)
acerolą (instrumental singular)
acerolami (instrumental plural)
aceroli (locative singular)
acerolach (locative plural)
acerolo (singular vocative)
acerole (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish acerola. First attested in 1869.

ref

Iris: czasopismo poświęcone ogrodnictwu, sadownictwu, pszczelnictwu, z dodatkiem literacko-artystycznym, number 10, 1869, page 253

owoc aceroli


obec

obec (nominative singular)
obcy (nominative plural)
obcy (genitive singular)
obcy (genitive plural)
obcy (dative singular)
obcom (dative plural)
obec (accusative singular)
obcy (accusative plural)
obcą (instrumental singular)
obcami (instrumental plural)
obcy (locative singular)
obcach (locative plural)
obcy (singular vocative)
obcy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish obec. Displaced and doublet of obiec, an inherited form.


rzecz

rzecz (nominative singular)
rzeczy (nominative plural)
rzeczy (genitive singular)
rzeczy (genitive plural)
rzeczy (dative singular)
rzeczom (dative plural)
rzecz (accusative singular)
rzeczy (accusative plural)
rzeczą (instrumental singular)
rzeczami (instrumental plural)
rzeczy (locative singular)
rzeczach (locative plural)
rzeczy (singular vocative)
rzeczy (plural vocative)

thing (that which is considered to exist as a separate entity, object, quality or concept)

substitutes a previously mentioned noun; thing

artistic work, especially a book
subject matter of such a work

story, plot (series of events of a narrative)

Nie w tym rzecz.

matter (content of a thought or statement)

issue, affair, matter, business, thing (something which needs to be taken care of or resolved, or area of interest)

(philosophy) subject, thing (that which may be perceived)

(obsolete) food; meal (that which is edible)


Wikipedia

Wikipedia (nominative singular)
Wikipedie (nominative plural)
Wikipedii (genitive singular)
Wikipedii (genitive plural)
Wikipedyj (archaic genitive plural)
Wikipedii (dative singular)
Wikipediom (dative plural)
Wikipedię (accusative singular)
Wikipedie (accusative plural)
Wikipedią (instrumental singular)
Wikipediami (instrumental plural)
Wikipedii (locative singular)
Wikipediach (locative plural)
Wikipedio (singular vocative)
Wikipedie (plural vocative)

Wikipedia (free-content, multilingual, online encyclopedia and wiki run by the Wikimedia Foundation)


jednota

jednota (nominative singular)
jednoty (genitive singular)
jednocie (dative singular)
jednotę (accusative singular)
jednotą (instrumental singular)
jednocie (locative singular)
jednoto (singular vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish jednota. By surface analysis, jeden + -ota.

(archaic) unity (state of not being separate)


gałąź

gałązka (diminutive)
gałąź (nominative singular)
gałęzie (nominative plural)
gałęzi (genitive singular)
gałęzi (genitive plural)
gałęzi (dative singular)
gałęziom (dative plural)
gałąź (accusative singular)
gałęzie (accusative plural)
gałęzią (instrumental singular)
gałęziami (instrumental plural)
gałęźmi (instrumental plural)
gałęzi (locative singular)
gałęziach (locative plural)
gałęzi (singular vocative)
gałęzie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *galǫzь. Cognate with Czech haluz and Ukrainian галузь (haluzʹ).


pchła

pchełka (diminutive)
pchła (nominative singular)
pchły (nominative plural)
pchły (genitive singular)
pcheł (genitive plural)
pchle (dative singular)
pchłom (dative plural)
pchłę (accusative singular)
pchły (accusative plural)
pchłą (instrumental singular)
pchłami (instrumental plural)
pchle (locative singular)
pchłach (locative plural)
pchło (singular vocative)
pchły (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish pchła, from Proto-Slavic *blъxa.


błona bębenkowa

błona bębenkowa (nominative singular)
błony bębenkowe (nominative plural)
błony bębenkowej (genitive singular)
błon bębenkowych (genitive plural)
błonie bębenkowej (dative singular)
błonom bębenkowym (dative plural)
błonę bębenkową (accusative singular)
błony bębenkowe (accusative plural)
błoną bębenkową (instrumental singular)
błonami bębenkowymi (instrumental plural)
błonie bębenkowej (locative singular)
błonach bębenkowych (locative plural)
błono bębenkowa (singular vocative)
błony bębenkowe (plural vocative)

Literally, “drum membrane”. Calque of New Latin tympanum.

(anatomy) eardrum, myringa, tympanic membrane


plaża

plaża (nominative singular)
plaże (nominative plural)
plaży (genitive singular)
plaż (genitive plural)
plaży (dative singular)
plażom (dative plural)
plażę (accusative singular)
plaże (accusative plural)
plażą (instrumental singular)
plażami (instrumental plural)
plaży (locative singular)
plażach (locative plural)
plażo (singular vocative)
plaże (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French plage, from Latin plaga.


tunika

tunika (nominative singular)
tuniki (nominative plural)
tuniki (genitive singular)
tunik (genitive plural)
tunice (dative singular)
tunikom (dative plural)
tunikę (accusative singular)
tuniki (accusative plural)
tuniką (instrumental singular)
tunikami (instrumental plural)
tunice (locative singular)
tunikach (locative plural)
tuniko (singular vocative)
tuniki (plural vocative)

(historical, Ancient Rome) tunic (garment)


alchimia

alchimia (nominative singular)
alchimii (genitive singular)
alchimii (dative singular)
alchimię (accusative singular)
alchimią (instrumental singular)
alchimii (locative singular)
alchimio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْكِيمِيَاء (al-kīmiyāʔ).

bor+

اَلْكِيمِيَاء

(alchemy, obsolete) Alternative form of alchemia


folia

folijka (diminutive)
folia (nominative singular)
folie (nominative plural)
folii (genitive singular)
folii (genitive plural)
folij (archaic genitive plural)
folii (dative singular)
foliom (dative plural)
folię (accusative singular)
folie (accusative plural)
folią (instrumental singular)
foliami (instrumental plural)
folii (locative singular)
foliach (locative plural)
folio (singular vocative)
folie (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: фо́льга (fólʹha)

desctree

→ Russian: фольга (folʹga), фо́лья (fólʹja) — 19ᵗʰ century also
→ Armenian: ֆոլգա (folga)
→ Georgian: ფოლგა (polga)
⇒ Livvi: folʼgu

desc

→ Ukrainian: фольга́ (folʹhá), фо́льга (fólʹha)

plastic film, especially the kinds used to make plastic bags and food packaging


Soja

Soja (nominative singular)
Sojowie (nominative plural)
Soi (genitive singular)
Sojów (genitive plural)
Soi (dative singular)
Sojom (dative plural)
Soję (accusative singular)
Sojów (accusative plural)
Soją (instrumental singular)
Sojami (instrumental plural)
Soi (locative singular)
Sojach (locative plural)
Sojo (singular vocative)
Sojowie (plural vocative)
Soja (nominative singular)
Soje (nominative plural)
Soi (genitive singular)
Soj (genitive plural)
Soi (dative singular)
Sojom (dative plural)
Soję (accusative singular)
Soje (accusative plural)
Soją (instrumental singular)
Sojami (instrumental plural)
Soi (locative singular)
Sojach (locative plural)
Sojo (singular vocative)
Soje (plural vocative)


Janik

From Jan (“John”) + -ik (diminutive suffix).


Kreta

Kreta (nominative singular)
Krety (genitive singular)
Krecie (dative singular)
Kretę (accusative singular)
Kretą (instrumental singular)
Krecie (locative singular)
Kreto (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Crēta, from Ancient Greek Κρήτη (Krḗtē). Doublet of kreda.

Mediterranean Sea
Mediterranean Sea#English

Crete (Greek island in the Mediterranean Sea)


dorada

dorada (nominative singular)
dorady (nominative plural)
dorady (genitive singular)
dorad (genitive plural)
doradzie (dative singular)
doradom (dative plural)
doradę (accusative singular)
dorady (accusative plural)
doradą (instrumental singular)
doradami (instrumental plural)
doradzie (locative singular)
doradach (locative plural)
dorado (singular vocative)
dorady (plural vocative)


fidel

fidel (nominative singular)
fidele (nominative plural)
fideli (genitive singular)
fideli (genitive plural)
fideli (dative singular)
fidelom (dative plural)
fidel (accusative singular)
fidele (accusative plural)
fidelą (instrumental singular)
fidelami (instrumental plural)
fideli (locative singular)
fidelach (locative plural)
fideli (singular vocative)
fidele (plural vocative)

vielle (medieval stringed instrument similar to a violin)


samota

samota (nominative singular)
samoty (nominative plural)
samoty (genitive singular)
samot (genitive plural)
samocie (dative singular)
samotom (dative plural)
samotę (accusative singular)
samoty (accusative plural)
samotą (instrumental singular)
samotami (instrumental plural)
samocie (locative singular)
samotach (locative plural)
samoto (singular vocative)
samoty (plural vocative)


arginina

arginina (nominative singular)
argininy (genitive singular)
argininie (dative singular)
argininę (accusative singular)
argininą (instrumental singular)
argininie (locative singular)
arginino (singular vocative)


lizyna

lizyna (nominative singular)
lizyny (nominative plural)
lizyny (genitive singular)
lizyn (genitive plural)
lizynie (dative singular)
lizynom (dative plural)
lizynę (accusative singular)
lizyny (accusative plural)
lizyną (instrumental singular)
lizynami (instrumental plural)
lizynie (locative singular)
lizynach (locative plural)
lizyno (singular vocative)
lizyny (plural vocative)


Maja

Majka (diminutive)
Maja (nominative singular)
Maje (nominative plural)
Mai (genitive singular)
Maj (genitive plural)
Mai (dative singular)
Majom (dative plural)
Maję (accusative singular)
Maje (accusative plural)
Mają (instrumental singular)
Majami (instrumental plural)
Mai (locative singular)
Majach (locative plural)
Maju (singular vocative)
Majo (singular vocative)
Maje (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Μαϊα (Maïa).


Katalonia

Katalonia (nominative singular)
Katalonii (genitive singular)
Katalonii (dative singular)
Katalonię (accusative singular)
Katalonią (instrumental singular)
Katalonii (locative singular)
Katalonio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Catalan Catalunya, from Medieval Latin Cathalaunia.

autonomous community
autonomous community

Catalonia (an autonomous community of Spain)


Janina

Jan (masculine)
Janina (nominative singular)
Janiny (nominative plural)
Janiny (genitive singular)
Janin (genitive plural)
Janinie (dative singular)
Janinom (dative plural)
Janinę (accusative singular)
Janiny (accusative plural)
Janiną (instrumental singular)
Janinami (instrumental plural)
Janinie (locative singular)
Janinach (locative plural)
Janino (singular vocative)
Janiny (plural vocative)

a female given name, equivalent to English Jane


komora

komórka (diminutive)
komora (nominative singular)
komory (nominative plural)
komory (genitive singular)
komór (genitive plural)
komorze (dative singular)
komorom (dative plural)
komorę (accusative singular)
komory (accusative plural)
komorą (instrumental singular)
komorami (instrumental plural)
komorze (locative singular)
komorach (locative plural)
komoro (singular vocative)
komory (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: kòmòra

Learned borrowing from Latin camara, camera. Doublet of kamera.

komora spalania

komora jonizacyjna

komora bezodbiciowa

komora nabojowa

komora przednia

komora tylna

komora lewa

komora prawa

komora boczna

komora trzecia

komora czwarta

komora Vergi

komora bombowa


podpora

podpórka (diminutive)
podpora (nominative singular)
podpory (nominative plural)
podpory (genitive singular)
podpór (genitive plural)
podporze (dative singular)
podporom (dative plural)
podporę (accusative singular)
podpory (accusative plural)
podporą (instrumental singular)
podporami (instrumental plural)
podporze (locative singular)
podporach (locative plural)
podporo (singular vocative)
podpory (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podъpora. By surface analysis, deverbal from podeprzeć.


tamandua

tamandua (nominative singular)
tamanduy (nominative plural)
tamandui (genitive singular)
tamanduy (genitive singular)
tamandui (genitive plural)
tamandui (dative singular)
tamanduom (dative plural)
tamanduę (accusative singular)
tamanduy (accusative plural)
tamanduą (instrumental singular)
tamanduami (instrumental plural)
tamandui (locative singular)
tamanduach (locative plural)
tamanduo (singular vocative)
tamanduy (plural vocative)


branka

branka (nominative singular)
branki (nominative plural)
branki (genitive singular)
branek (genitive plural)
brance (dative singular)
brankom (dative plural)
brankę (accusative singular)
branki (accusative plural)
branką (instrumental singular)
brankami (instrumental plural)
brance (locative singular)
brankach (locative plural)
branko (singular vocative)
branki (plural vocative)

(historical) impressment for forced labor or military service


arnika

arnika (nominative singular)
arniki (nominative plural)
arniki (genitive singular)
arnik (genitive plural)
arnice (dative singular)
arnikom (dative plural)
arnikę (accusative singular)
arniki (accusative plural)
arniką (instrumental singular)
arnikami (instrumental plural)
arnice (locative singular)
arnikach (locative plural)
arniko (singular vocative)
arniki (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin arnica.

arnica (any of several plants, of the genus Arnica)


Greta

Greta (nominative singular)
Grety (nominative plural)
Grety (genitive singular)
Gret (genitive plural)
Grecie (dative singular)
Gretom (dative plural)
Gretę (accusative singular)
Grety (accusative plural)
Gretą (instrumental singular)
Gretami (instrumental plural)
Grecie (locative singular)
Gretach (locative plural)
Greto (singular vocative)
Grety (plural vocative)

Derived from German and Swedish Greta, a contraction of Margareta.

a female given name, equivalent to English Greta


radiografia

radiografia (nominative singular)
radiografii (genitive singular)
radiografii (dative singular)
radiografię (accusative singular)
radiografią (instrumental singular)
radiografii (locative singular)
radiografio (singular vocative)


sirota

sirota (nominative singular)
siroty (nominative plural)
siroty (genitive singular)
sirot (genitive plural)
sirót (genitive plural)
sirocie (dative singular)
sirotom (dative plural)
sirotę (accusative singular)
siroty (accusative plural)
sirotą (instrumental singular)
sirotami (instrumental plural)
sirocie (locative singular)
sirotach (locative plural)
siroto (singular vocative)
siroty (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sirota, from *sirъ + *-ota.


morula

morula (nominative singular)
morule (nominative plural)
moruli (genitive singular)
morul (genitive plural)
moruli (dative singular)
morulom (dative plural)
morulę (accusative singular)
morule (accusative plural)
morulą (instrumental singular)
morulami (instrumental plural)
moruli (locative singular)
morulach (locative plural)
morulo (singular vocative)
morule (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin morula.

faza/stadium moruli

(embryology) morula (spherical mass of blastomeres that forms following the splitting of a zygote)


Kaja

Kaja (nominative singular)
Kaje (nominative plural)
Kai (genitive singular)
Kai (genitive plural)
Kai (dative singular)
Kajom (dative plural)
Kaję (accusative singular)
Kaje (accusative plural)
Kają (instrumental singular)
Kajami (instrumental plural)
Kai (locative singular)
Kajach (locative plural)
Kajo (singular vocative)
Kaje (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Cāia. Doublet of Gaja.

a female given name from Latin [in turn from Ancient Greek]


ornitologia

ornitologia (nominative singular)
ornitologii (genitive singular)
ornitologii (dative singular)
ornitologię (accusative singular)
ornitologią (instrumental singular)
ornitologii (locative singular)
ornitologio (singular vocative)


Magdalena

Magda (diminutive)
Magdalena (nominative singular)
Magdaleny (nominative plural)
Magdaleny (genitive singular)
Magdalen (genitive plural)
Magdalenie (dative singular)
Magdalenom (dative plural)
Magdalenę (accusative singular)
Magdaleny (accusative plural)
Magdaleną (instrumental singular)
Magdalenami (instrumental plural)
Magdalenie (locative singular)
Magdalenach (locative plural)
Magdaleno (singular vocative)
Magdaleny (plural vocative)

a female given name from Latin [in turn from Ancient Greek, in turn from Biblical Hebrew], equivalent to English Magdalene


Magdalena

Magdalena (nominative singular)
Magdaleny (genitive singular)
Magdalenie (dative singular)
Magdalenę (accusative singular)
Magdaleną (instrumental singular)
Magdalenie (locative singular)
Magdaleno (singular vocative)


pauza

pauza (nominative singular)
pauzy (nominative plural)
pauzy (genitive singular)
pauz (genitive plural)
pauzie (dative singular)
pauzom (dative plural)
pauzę (accusative singular)
pauzy (accusative plural)
pauzą (instrumental singular)
pauzami (instrumental plural)
pauzie (locative singular)
pauzach (locative plural)
pauzo (singular vocative)
pauzy (plural vocative)


lemoniada

pl-noun

lemoniada f (diminutive lemoniadka, related adjective lemoniadowy)

lemoniadka (diminutive)
lemoniadowy (adjective)
lemoniada (nominative singular)
lemoniady (nominative plural)
lemoniady (genitive singular)
lemoniad (genitive plural)
lemoniadzie (dative singular)
lemoniadom (dative plural)
lemoniadę (accusative singular)
lemoniady (accusative plural)
lemoniadą (instrumental singular)
lemoniadami (instrumental plural)
lemoniadzie (locative singular)
lemoniadach (locative plural)
lemoniado (singular vocative)
lemoniady (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English lemonade, from French limonade, from Italian limonata.

lemonade (flavoured beverage consisting of water, lemon, and sweetener, sometimes ice, served mainly as a refreshment)


flaga

flaga (nominative singular)
flagi (nominative plural)
flagi (genitive singular)
flag (genitive plural)
fladze (dative singular)
flagom (dative plural)
flagę (accusative singular)
flagi (accusative plural)
flagą (instrumental singular)
flagami (instrumental plural)
fladze (locative singular)
flagach (locative plural)
flago (singular vocative)
flagi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Flagge, from Low German, from English flag, or from early modern Dutch vlagghe.

flag (piece of cloth or often its representation)


babcia

babcia f (diminutive babunia or babusia)

babunia (diminutive)
babusia (diminutive)
babcia (nominative singular)
babcie (nominative plural)
babci (genitive singular)
babć (genitive plural)
babci (dative singular)
babciom (dative plural)
babcię (accusative singular)
babcie (accusative plural)
babcią (instrumental singular)
babciami (instrumental plural)
babci (locative singular)
babciach (locative plural)
babciu (singular vocative)
babcie (plural vocative)

gdyby babcia miała wąsy, toby była dziadkiem


brosma

brosma (nominative singular)
brosmy (nominative plural)
brosmy (genitive singular)
brosm (genitive plural)
brośmie (dative singular)
brosmom (dative plural)
brosmę (accusative singular)
brosmy (accusative plural)
brosmą (instrumental singular)
brosmami (instrumental plural)
brośmie (locative singular)
brosmach (locative plural)
brosmo (singular vocative)
brosmy (plural vocative)


hydrogeologia

hydrogeologia (nominative singular)
hydrogeologii (genitive singular)
hydrogeologii (dative singular)
hydrogeologię (accusative singular)
hydrogeologią (instrumental singular)
hydrogeologii (locative singular)
hydrogeologio (singular vocative)


litografia

litografia (nominative singular)
litografie (nominative plural)
litografii (genitive singular)
litografii (genitive plural)
litografij (archaic genitive plural)
litografii (dative singular)
litografiom (dative plural)
litografię (accusative singular)
litografie (accusative plural)
litografią (instrumental singular)
litografiami (instrumental plural)
litografii (locative singular)
litografiach (locative plural)
litografio (singular vocative)
litografie (plural vocative)


hematologia

hematologia (nominative singular)
hematologii (genitive singular)
hematologii (dative singular)
hematologię (accusative singular)
hematologią (instrumental singular)
hematologii (locative singular)
hematologio (singular vocative)


idolatria

idolatria (nominative singular)
idolatrii (genitive singular)
idolatrii (dative singular)
idolatrię (accusative singular)
idolatrią (instrumental singular)
idolatrii (locative singular)
idolatrio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French idolâtrie, from Latin īdōlatrīa, from īdōlolatrīa by haplology, from Ancient Greek εἰδωλολατρείᾱ (eidōlolatreíā) or εἰδωλολατρίᾱ (eidōlolatríā, “worship of idols”), back-formation from εἰδωλολάτρης (eidōlolátrēs) (īdōlatra in Latin), from εἴδωλον (eídōlon, “idol”) + λάτρις (látris, “worshipper”) or λατρεύω (latreúō, “I worship”), from λάτρον (látron, “payment”).

der

εἰδωλολατρείᾱ


mykologia

mykologia (nominative singular)
mykologii (genitive singular)
mykologii (dative singular)
mykologię (accusative singular)
mykologią (instrumental singular)
mykologii (locative singular)
mykologio (singular vocative)


atopia

atopia (nominative singular)
atopii (genitive singular)
atopii (dative singular)
atopię (accusative singular)
atopią (instrumental singular)
atopii (locative singular)
atopio (singular vocative)


kakadu

Borrowed from German Kakadu, from Dutch kaketoe, from Malay kakaktua.


albumina

albumina (nominative singular)
albuminy (nominative plural)
albuminy (genitive singular)
albumin (genitive plural)
albuminie (dative singular)
albuminom (dative plural)
albuminę (accusative singular)
albuminy (accusative plural)
albuminą (instrumental singular)
albuminami (instrumental plural)
albuminie (locative singular)
albuminach (locative plural)
albumino (singular vocative)
albuminy (plural vocative)

From Latin albūmen + -ina. First attested in 1807.

ref

Jędrzej Śniadecki (1807) Początki chemii dla uzycia słuchaczow akademickich ułozone. T. 2 (in Polish), page 117

albumina in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

ludzka albumina

albumina znakowana

surowicza albumina wołowa

wydalanie albumin z moczem

stężenie albumin

roztwór albuminy

zawartość albumin

poziom albumin

albuminy osocza

albumina jaja

przyjmować albuminę


cezura

cezura (nominative singular)
cezury (nominative plural)
cezury (genitive singular)
cezur (genitive plural)
cezurze (dative singular)
cezurom (dative plural)
cezurę (accusative singular)
cezury (accusative plural)
cezurą (instrumental singular)
cezurami (instrumental plural)
cezurze (locative singular)
cezurach (locative plural)
cezuro (singular vocative)
cezury (plural vocative)

(literary) caesura (break of an era or other measure of history and time)

(poetry) caesura (pause or interruption)

(prosody) caesura (using two words to divide a metrical foot)


astenosfera

astenosfera (nominative singular)
astenosfery (genitive singular)
astenosferze (dative singular)
astenosferę (accusative singular)
astenosferą (instrumental singular)
astenosferze (locative singular)
astenosfero (singular vocative)


metamorfoza

metamorfoza (nominative singular)
metamorfozy (nominative plural)
metamorfozy (genitive singular)
metamorfoz (genitive plural)
metamorfozie (dative singular)
metamorfozom (dative plural)
metamorfozę (accusative singular)
metamorfozy (accusative plural)
metamorfozą (instrumental singular)
metamorfozami (instrumental plural)
metamorfozie (locative singular)
metamorfozach (locative plural)
metamorfozo (singular vocative)
metamorfozy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French métamorphose, from Latin metamorphōsis, from Ancient Greek μεταμόρφωσις (metamórphōsis).

der

μεταμόρφωσις

(biology) metamorphosis (change in the form and often habits of an animal)

(geology) metamorphism (process by which rocks are changed into other forms by the application of heat and/or pressure)


alternata

alternata (nominative singular)
alternaty (nominative plural)
alternaty (genitive singular)
alternat (genitive plural)
alternacie (dative singular)
alternatom (dative plural)
alternatę (accusative singular)
alternaty (accusative plural)
alternatą (instrumental singular)
alternatami (instrumental plural)
alternacie (locative singular)
alternatach (locative plural)
alternato (singular vocative)
alternaty (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin alternātus. (feminine alternāta). First attested in 1593.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “alternata”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(Middle Polish) benefit, mutual providing of services

(Middle Polish, law) act of taking turns in performing a duty

(Middle Polish) alternative, difference (choice or possibility of two options)


platforma

platforma (nominative singular)
platformy (nominative plural)
platformy (genitive singular)
platform (genitive plural)
platformie (dative singular)
platformom (dative plural)
platformę (accusative singular)
platformy (accusative plural)
platformą (instrumental singular)
platformami (instrumental plural)
platformie (locative singular)
platformach (locative plural)
platformo (singular vocative)
platformy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French plate-forme, from Middle French plateforme.

(geology) platform (continental area covered by relatively flat or gently tilted, mainly sedimentary strata)

(automotive) platform (set of components shared by several vehicle models)


kaskada

kaskada (nominative singular)
kaskady (nominative plural)
kaskady (genitive singular)
kaskad (genitive plural)
kaskadzie (dative singular)
kaskadom (dative plural)
kaskadę (accusative singular)
kaskady (accusative plural)
kaskadą (instrumental singular)
kaskadami (instrumental plural)
kaskadzie (locative singular)
kaskadach (locative plural)
kaskado (singular vocative)
kaskady (plural vocative)

cascade (series of natural or artificial waterfalls)


hydrobiologia

hydrobiologia (nominative singular)
hydrobiologii (genitive singular)
hydrobiologii (dative singular)
hydrobiologię (accusative singular)
hydrobiologią (instrumental singular)
hydrobiologii (locative singular)
hydrobiologio (singular vocative)


barrakuda

barrakuda (nominative singular)
barrakudy (nominative plural)
barrakudy (genitive singular)
barrakud (genitive plural)
barrakudzie (dative singular)
barrakudom (dative plural)
barrakudę (accusative singular)
barrakudy (accusative plural)
barrakudą (instrumental singular)
barrakudami (instrumental plural)
barrakudzie (locative singular)
barrakudach (locative plural)
barrakudo (singular vocative)
barrakudy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish barracuda. First attested in 1908.


epistemologia

epistemologia (nominative singular)
epistemologii (genitive singular)
epistemologii (dative singular)
epistemologię (accusative singular)
epistemologią (instrumental singular)
epistemologii (locative singular)
epistemologio (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English epistemology, French épistémologie, German Epistémologie, ultimately from Ancient Greek ἐπιστήμη (epistḗmē) + -logia.

af

grc:ἐπιστήμη

(philosophy) epistemology (branch of philosophy that studies knowledge)


kasata

kasata (nominative singular)
kasaty (nominative plural)
kasaty (genitive singular)
kasat (genitive plural)
kasacie (dative singular)
kasatom (dative plural)
kasatę (accusative singular)
kasaty (accusative plural)
kasatą (instrumental singular)
kasatami (instrumental plural)
kasacie (locative singular)
kasatach (locative plural)
kasato (singular vocative)
kasaty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian cassata, past participle of cassare, from Latin cassō. Doublet of kasacja.

(religion) dissolution (of abbeys, monasteries, etc.)


ciota

ciota (nominative singular)
cioty (nominative plural)
cioty (genitive singular)
ciot (genitive plural)
ciocie (dative singular)
ciotom (dative plural)
ciotę (accusative singular)
cioty (accusative plural)
ciotą (instrumental singular)
ciotami (instrumental plural)
ciocie (locative singular)
ciotach (locative plural)
cioto (singular vocative)
cioty (plural vocative)

(offensive) homosexual or effeminate man; fag; faggot

(obsolete) female foreteller or witch doctor


Mekka

Mekka (nominative singular)
Mekki (genitive singular)
Mekce (dative singular)
Mekkę (accusative singular)
Mekką (instrumental singular)
Mekce (locative singular)
Mekko (singular vocative)

(Islam) Mecca (a large city in the Hejaz, Saudi Arabia, the holiest place in Islam)


litosfera

litosfera (nominative singular)
litosfery (nominative plural)
litosfery (genitive singular)
litosfer (genitive plural)
litosferze (dative singular)
litosferom (dative plural)
litosferę (accusative singular)
litosfery (accusative plural)
litosferą (instrumental singular)
litosferami (instrumental plural)
litosferze (locative singular)
litosferach (locative plural)
litosfero (singular vocative)
litosfery (plural vocative)


agronomia

agronomia (nominative singular)
agronomii (genitive singular)
agronomii (dative singular)
agronomię (accusative singular)
agronomią (instrumental singular)
agronomii (locative singular)
agronomio (singular vocative)

From agro- + -nomia. First attested in 1803.

agronomia społeczna

dziedzina agronomii

zakres agronomii

studiować agronomię

(agriculture) agronomy (science of agriculture)


biosfera

biosfera (nominative singular)
biosfery (genitive singular)
biosferze (dative singular)
biosferę (accusative singular)
biosferą (instrumental singular)
biosferze (locative singular)
biosfero (singular vocative)

From bio- + sfera. First attested in 1859 in the sense of 'atom of spherical shape'; subsequently attested in 1931 in the sense of 'biosphere'.

cała biosfera

ziemska biosfera/biosfera Ziemi

część biosfery

rezerwat biosfery

degradacja biosfery

funkcjonowanie biosfery

powstanie biosfery

skażenie biosfery

wpływ na biosferę

przenikać do biosfery

wprowadzić do biosfery

(biology) biosphere (part of the Earth and its atmosphere capable of supporting life)


samsara

samsara (nominative singular)
samsary (nominative plural)
samsary (genitive singular)
samsar (genitive plural)
samsarze (dative singular)
samsarom (dative plural)
samsarę (accusative singular)
samsary (accusative plural)
samsarą (instrumental singular)
samsarami (instrumental plural)
samsarze (locative singular)
samsarach (locative plural)
samsaro (singular vocative)
samsary (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit संसार (saṃsāra).


taksa

taksa (nominative singular)
taksy (nominative plural)
taksy (genitive singular)
taks (genitive plural)
taksie (dative singular)
taksom (dative plural)
taksę (accusative singular)
taksy (accusative plural)
taksą (instrumental singular)
taksami (instrumental plural)
taksie (locative singular)
taksach (locative plural)
takso (singular vocative)
taksy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French taxe. First attested in the 16th century. Compare Silesian taksa.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “taksa”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

+obj

od (+ genitive) za (+ accusative) ‘for what’

(administration) fee (fixed official fee charged for certain services) [with od (+ genitive) or za (+ accusative) ‘for what’]

(obsolete, colloquial) taxi (vehicle that may be hired for single journeys by members of the public, driven by a taxi driver)

(obsolete) hospital stay fee (fee paid by a patient for the right to stay in a treatment facility)

(obsolete) payment to a treasury for a received order


literatura

lit. (abbreviation)
literatura (nominative singular)
literatury (nominative plural)
literatury (genitive singular)
literatur (genitive plural)
literaturze (dative singular)
literaturom (dative plural)
literaturę (accusative singular)
literatury (accusative plural)
literaturą (instrumental singular)
literaturami (instrumental plural)
literaturze (locative singular)
literaturach (locative plural)
literaturo (singular vocative)
literatury (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: lëteratura

Learned borrowing from Latin litterātūra. First attested in 1754. Compare Silesian literatura.

ref

“LITERATURA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 27.09.2019

literature (all papers, treatises, etc.)

(education) literature (study of written works)

literature (all the papers, treatises etc. published in academic journals on a particular subject)


amnestia

amnestia (nominative singular)
amnestie (nominative plural)
amnestii (genitive singular)
amnestii (genitive plural)
amnestyj (archaic genitive plural)
amnestii (dative singular)
amnestiom (dative plural)
amnestię (accusative singular)
amnestie (accusative plural)
amnestią (instrumental singular)
amnestiami (instrumental plural)
amnestii (locative singular)
amnestiach (locative plural)
amnestio (singular vocative)
amnestie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin amnēstia, from Ancient Greek ἀμνηστία (amnēstía). First attested in 1612.

Krystyna Siekierska (23.01.2020) “AMNESTIA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]


orbita

orbita (nominative singular)
orbity (nominative plural)
orbity (genitive singular)
orbit (genitive plural)
orbicie (dative singular)
orbitom (dative plural)
orbitę (accusative singular)
orbity (accusative plural)
orbitą (instrumental singular)
orbitami (instrumental plural)
orbicie (locative singular)
orbitach (locative plural)
orbito (singular vocative)
orbity (plural vocative)


prehistoria

prehistoria (nominative singular)
prehistorie (nominative plural)
prehistorii (genitive singular)
prehistorii (genitive plural)
prehistoryj (archaic genitive plural)
prehistorii (dative singular)
prehistoriom (dative plural)
prehistorię (accusative singular)
prehistorie (accusative plural)
prehistorią (instrumental singular)
prehistoriami (instrumental plural)
prehistorii (locative singular)
prehistoriach (locative plural)
prehistorio (singular vocative)
prehistorie (plural vocative)

(historiography) prehistory (history of human culture prior to written records)


darbuka

darbuka (nominative singular)
darbuki (nominative plural)
darbuki (genitive singular)
darbuk (genitive plural)
darbuce (dative singular)
darbukom (dative plural)
darbukę (accusative singular)
darbuki (accusative plural)
darbuką (instrumental singular)
darbukami (instrumental plural)
darbuce (locative singular)
darbukach (locative plural)
darbuko (singular vocative)
darbuki (plural vocative)


Ania

pl-prop

Ania f (diminutive Andzia or Anula or Anusia or Aniusia)

Andzia (diminutive)
Anula (diminutive)
Anusia (diminutive)
Aniusia (diminutive)
Ania (nominative singular)
Anie (nominative plural)
Ani (genitive singular)
Ań (genitive plural)
Ani (dative singular)
Aniom (dative plural)
Anię (accusative singular)
Anie (accusative plural)
Anią (instrumental singular)
Aniami (instrumental plural)
Ani (locative singular)
Aniach (locative plural)
Aniu (singular vocative)
Anie (plural vocative)

a diminutive of the female given name Anna


siatkówka

siatkówka (nominative singular)
siatkówki (nominative plural)
siatkówki (genitive singular)
siatkówek (genitive plural)
siatkówce (dative singular)
siatkówkom (dative plural)
siatkówkę (accusative singular)
siatkówki (accusative plural)
siatkówką (instrumental singular)
siatkówkami (instrumental plural)
siatkówce (locative singular)
siatkówkach (locative plural)
siatkówko (singular vocative)
siatkówki (plural vocative)


kryptografia

kryptografia (nominative singular)
kryptografii (genitive singular)
kryptografii (dative singular)
kryptografię (accusative singular)
kryptografią (instrumental singular)
kryptografii (locative singular)
kryptografio (singular vocative)


-mania

-mania (nominative singular)
-manii (genitive singular)
-manii (dative singular)
-manię (accusative singular)
-manią (instrumental singular)
-manii (locative singular)
-manio (singular vocative)

Derived from Ancient Greek μανία (manía).

der+

auto- + -mania → automania


kryptologia

kryptologia (nominative singular)
kryptologii (genitive singular)
kryptologii (dative singular)
kryptologię (accusative singular)
kryptologią (instrumental singular)
kryptologii (locative singular)
kryptologio (singular vocative)


afereza

afereza (nominative singular)
aferezy (genitive singular)
aferezie (dative singular)
aferezę (accusative singular)
aferezą (instrumental singular)
aferezie (locative singular)
aferezo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀφαίρεσῐς (aphaíresis). First attested in 1859.

ref

Gazeta Codzienna, number 222, 1859, page 3


anafora

anafora (nominative singular)
anafory (nominative plural)
anafory (genitive singular)
anafor (genitive plural)
anaforze (dative singular)
anaforom (dative plural)
anaforę (accusative singular)
anafory (accusative plural)
anaforą (instrumental singular)
anaforami (instrumental plural)
anaforze (locative singular)
anaforach (locative plural)
anaforo (singular vocative)
anafory (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀναφορά (anaphorá). First attested in 1807.

ref

Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “anafora”, in Słownik języka polskiego

opis anafory

(rhetoric) anaphora (repetition of a phrase at the beginning of phrases, sentences, or verses)

interpretacja anafory

zjawisko anafory

(linguistics) anaphora (expression that refers to a preceding expression)

(Christianity) anaphora (most solemn part of the Divine Liturgy)


antropofagia

antropofagia (nominative singular)
antropofagii (genitive singular)
antropofagii (dative singular)
antropofagię (accusative singular)
antropofagią (instrumental singular)
antropofagii (locative singular)
antropofagio (singular vocative)


Karolina

Karol (masculine)
Karolina (nominative singular)
Karoliny (nominative plural)
Karoliny (genitive singular)
Karolin (genitive plural)
Karolinie (dative singular)
Karolinom (dative plural)
Karolinę (accusative singular)
Karoliny (accusative plural)
Karoliną (instrumental singular)
Karolinami (instrumental plural)
Karolinie (locative singular)
Karolinach (locative plural)
Karolino (singular vocative)
Karoliny (plural vocative)

a female given name, equivalent to English Caroline


Irena

pl-proper noun

Irena f (male equivalent Ireneusz, diminutive Irenka)

Ireneusz (masculine)
Irenka (diminutive)
Irena (nominative singular)
Ireny (nominative plural)
Ireny (genitive singular)
Iren (genitive plural)
Irenie (dative singular)
Irenom (dative plural)
Irenę (accusative singular)
Ireny (accusative plural)
Ireną (instrumental singular)
Irenami (instrumental plural)
Irenie (locative singular)
Irenach (locative plural)
Ireno (singular vocative)
Ireny (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Īrēnē, from Ancient Greek Εἰρήνη (Eirḗnē).

a female given name, equivalent to English Irene


Ewa

Ewa (nominative singular)
Ewy (nominative plural)
Ewy (genitive singular)
Ew (genitive plural)
Ewie (dative singular)
Ewom (dative plural)
Ewę (accusative singular)
Ewy (accusative plural)
Ewą (instrumental singular)
Ewami (instrumental plural)
Ewie (locative singular)
Ewach (locative plural)
Ewo (singular vocative)
Ewy (plural vocative)

a female given name, equivalent to English Eve


Kamila

Kamil (masculine)
Kamila (nominative singular)
Kamile (nominative plural)
Kamili (genitive singular)
Kamil (genitive plural)
Kamili (dative singular)
Kamilom (dative plural)
Kamilę (accusative singular)
Kamile (accusative plural)
Kamilą (instrumental singular)
Kamilami (instrumental plural)
Kamili (locative singular)
Kamilach (locative plural)
Kamilo (singular vocative)
Kamilu (singular vocative)
Kamile (plural vocative)

a female given name from Latin, equivalent to English Camilla or Camille


Nikola

Nikola (nominative singular)
Nikole (nominative plural)
Nikoli (genitive singular)
Nikol (genitive plural)
Nikoli (dative singular)
Nikolom (dative plural)
Nikolę (accusative singular)
Nikole (accusative plural)
Nikolą (instrumental singular)
Nikolami (instrumental plural)
Nikoli (locative singular)
Nikolach (locative plural)
Nikolo (singular vocative)
Nikole (plural vocative)

a female given name, equivalent to English Nicole


rdzeń kręgowy

/rd͡zɛɲ krɛŋˈɡɔ.vɨ/


-log

-log (nominative singular)
-lodzy (nominative plural)
-logowie (nominative plural)
-logi (derogatory nominative plural)
-loga (genitive singular)
-logów (genitive plural)
-logowi (dative singular)
-logom (dative plural)
-loga (accusative singular)
-logów (accusative plural)
-logiem (instrumental singular)
-logami (instrumental plural)
-logu (locative singular)
-logach (locative plural)
-logu (singular vocative)
-lodzy (plural vocative)
-logowie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin -logus, from Ancient Greek -λόγος (-lógos).

-log → biolog


babica

babice (nominative plural)
babicą (instrumental singular)

From baba + -ica. Compare Old Polish babica and Silesian babica. First attested in 1600–1750.

(Middle Polish) type of hydrotechnical device


metoda

metoda (nominative singular)
metody (nominative plural)
metody (genitive singular)
metod (genitive plural)
metodzie (dative singular)
metodom (dative plural)
metodę (accusative singular)
metody (accusative plural)
metodą (instrumental singular)
metodami (instrumental plural)
metodzie (locative singular)
metodach (locative plural)
metodo (singular vocative)
metody (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: metoda

→ Silesian: metŏda

Borrowed from French méthode. First attested in the middle of the 16th century.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “metod”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

Near-synonyms: sposób, system

method (process by which a task is completed; way of doing something)


alrauna

alrauna (nominative singular)
alrauny (genitive singular)
alraunie (dative singular)
alraunę (accusative singular)
alrauną (instrumental singular)
alraunie (locative singular)
alrauno (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Alraune. First attested in 1874.

Kłosy : czasopismo illustrowane, tygodniowe (in Polish), number t.18, nr 458, 1874, page 232

Coordinate term: mandragora


Afganka

Afgańczyk (masculine)
Afganka (nominative singular)
Afganki (nominative plural)
Afganki (genitive singular)
Afganek (genitive plural)
Afgance (dative singular)
Afgankom (dative plural)
Afgankę (accusative singular)
Afganki (accusative plural)
Afganką (instrumental singular)
Afgankami (instrumental plural)
Afgance (locative singular)
Afgankach (locative plural)
Afganko (singular vocative)
Afganki (plural vocative)


ambasada

amb. (abbreviation)
ambasada (nominative singular)
ambasady (nominative plural)
ambasady (genitive singular)
ambasad (genitive plural)
ambasadzie (dative singular)
ambasadom (dative plural)
ambasadę (accusative singular)
ambasady (accusative plural)
ambasadą (instrumental singular)
ambasadami (instrumental plural)
ambasadzie (locative singular)
ambasadach (locative plural)
ambasado (singular vocative)
ambasady (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French ambassade, ultimately from Italian ambasciata (“diplomatic mission”), which see for more. First attested in 1665–1683.

ref

Barbara Rykiel-Kempf (30.08.2007) “AMBASADA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]

embassy (people working in said institution or building)


agentura

agenturka (diminutive)
agentura (nominative singular)
agentury (nominative plural)
agentury (genitive singular)
agentur (genitive plural)
agenturze (dative singular)
agenturom (dative plural)
agenturę (accusative singular)
agentury (accusative plural)
agenturą (instrumental singular)
agenturami (instrumental plural)
agenturze (locative singular)
agenturach (locative plural)
agenturo (singular vocative)
agentury (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Agentur. By surface analysis, agent + -ura. First attested in 1811.


polki

inflection of polka:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


afera

aferka (diminutive)
afera (nominative singular)
afery (nominative plural)
afery (genitive singular)
afer (genitive plural)
aferze (dative singular)
aferom (dative plural)
aferę (accusative singular)
afery (accusative plural)
aferą (instrumental singular)
aferami (instrumental plural)
aferze (locative singular)
aferach (locative plural)
afero (singular vocative)
afery (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Affäre, from French affaire, from Latin ad- + faciō. First attested in 1752.

Jego reputacja ucierpiała z powodu afery rolnej.

His reputation suffered as a result of the farm scandal.

scandal, affair (discovered conspiracy to commit crime)

Nie powinnaś mówić o jego przeszłości, w firmie zrobiła się straszna afera.

You shouldn't have talked about his past, it caused quite a stir in the company.

(by extension, colloquial) stir, upheaval (sensational event)


antena

antenka (diminutive)
antena (nominative singular)
anteny (nominative plural)
anteny (genitive singular)
anten (genitive plural)
antenie (dative singular)
antenom (dative plural)
antenę (accusative singular)
anteny (accusative plural)
anteną (instrumental singular)
antenami (instrumental plural)
antenie (locative singular)
antenach (locative plural)
anteno (singular vocative)
anteny (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English antenna, French antenne, German Antenne, ultimately from Latin antenna.

(technology) antenna (device to receive or transmit radio signals)

(broadcasting, television) program or channel on a given radio or television station

(zoology) antenna (a feeler organ on the head of an insect, crab, or other animal)


mandragora

mandragora (nominative singular)
mandragory (nominative plural)
mandragory (genitive singular)
mandragor (genitive plural)
mandragorze (dative singular)
mandragorom (dative plural)
mandragorę (accusative singular)
mandragory (accusative plural)
mandragorą (instrumental singular)
mandragorami (instrumental plural)
mandragorze (locative singular)
mandragorach (locative plural)
mandragoro (singular vocative)
mandragory (plural vocative)

Coordinate term: alrauna


afekt

afekcik (diminutive obsolete)
afekt (nominative singular)
afekty (nominative plural)
afektu (genitive singular)
afektów (genitive plural)
afektowi (dative singular)
afektom (dative plural)
afekt (accusative singular)
afekty (accusative plural)
afektem (instrumental singular)
afektami (instrumental plural)
afekcie (locative singular)
afektach (locative plural)
afekcie (singular vocative)
afekty (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin affectus. First attested in 1557.

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “afekt”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(psychology) affection, affect (strong feeling in response to a stimulus)

(Middle Polish) internal or psychological disturbance

(Middle Polish) passage of text directed towards a reader's or listener's emotions


Paulina

pl-proper noun

Paulina f (male equivalent Paweł, diminutive Paulinka)

Paweł (masculine)
Paulinka (diminutive)
Paulina (nominative singular)
Pauliny (nominative plural)
Pauliny (genitive singular)
Paulin (genitive plural)
Paulinie (dative singular)
Paulinom (dative plural)
Paulinę (accusative singular)
Pauliny (accusative plural)
Pauliną (instrumental singular)
Paulinami (instrumental plural)
Paulinie (locative singular)
Paulinach (locative plural)
Paulino (singular vocative)
Pauliny (plural vocative)


Amazonka

Amazonka (nominative singular)
Amazonki (nominative plural)
Amazonki (genitive singular)
Amazonek (genitive plural)
Amazonce (dative singular)
Amazonkom (dative plural)
Amazonkę (accusative singular)
Amazonki (accusative plural)
Amazonką (instrumental singular)
Amazonkami (instrumental plural)
Amazonce (locative singular)
Amazonkach (locative plural)
Amazonko (singular vocative)
Amazonki (plural vocative)

(Greek mythology) Amazon (member of a mythical race of female warriors inhabiting the Black Sea area)


Amazonka

Amazonka (nominative singular)
Amazonki (genitive singular)
Amazonce (dative singular)
Amazonkę (accusative singular)
Amazonką (instrumental singular)
Amazonce (locative singular)
Amazonko (singular vocative)

Amazon (a river in Brazil, Colombia and Peru)


laski

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

inflection of laska:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


amplituda

amplituda (nominative singular)
amplitudy (nominative plural)
amplitudy (genitive singular)
amplitud (genitive plural)
amplitudzie (dative singular)
amplitudom (dative plural)
amplitudę (accusative singular)
amplitudy (accusative plural)
amplitudą (instrumental singular)
amplitudami (instrumental plural)
amplitudzie (locative singular)
amplitudach (locative plural)
amplitudo (singular vocative)
amplitudy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin amplitūdō. First attested in 1859.

ref

Encyklopedyja powszechna. T. 1, (A-Aos). (in Polish), 1859, page 678

(physics) amplitude (maximum absolute value of some quantity that varies)

(meteorology) amplitude (maximum difference of temperatures)

(literary) amplitude (difference between two different aspects of something)


Korona

Korona (nominative singular)
Korony (genitive singular)
Koronie (dative singular)
Koronę (accusative singular)
Koroną (instrumental singular)
Koronie (locative singular)
Korono (singular vocative)

Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
Crown of the Kingdom of Poland#English

(by ellipsis, colloquial, historical) Crown of the Kingdom of Poland (a former country in Europe, political and legal idea formed in the Poland in the 14th century, assuming unity, indivisibility and continuity of the state)


analiza

analiza (nominative singular)
analizy (nominative plural)
analizy (genitive singular)
analiz (genitive plural)
analizie (dative singular)
analizom (dative plural)
analizę (accusative singular)
analizy (accusative plural)
analizą (instrumental singular)
analizami (instrumental plural)
analizie (locative singular)
analizach (locative plural)
analizo (singular vocative)
analizy (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: analiza

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀνάλυσις (análusis). By surface analysis, ana- + -liza. First attested in 1803. Compare Silesian analiza.

ref

Gazeta Korrespondenta Warszawskiego y Zagranicznego (in Polish), number 38, 1803, page 450

analysis (decomposition into components in order to study)


agogika

agogika (nominative singular)
agogiki (genitive singular)
agogice (dative singular)
agogikę (accusative singular)
agogiką (instrumental singular)
agogice (locative singular)
agogiko (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Agogik, from Ancient Greek ἀγωγός (agōgós). First attested in 1893.

(music) agogic (accent that accentuates a note by extending it slightly beyond its normal time value)


amfora

amfora (nominative singular)
amfory (nominative plural)
amfory (genitive singular)
amfor (genitive plural)
amforze (dative singular)
amforom (dative plural)
amforę (accusative singular)
amfory (accusative plural)
amforą (instrumental singular)
amforami (instrumental plural)
amforze (locative singular)
amforach (locative plural)
amforo (singular vocative)
amfory (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin amphora, from Ancient Greek ἀμφορεύς (amphoreús). First attested in the 19th century. Doublet of węborek.

Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “amfora”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN

gliniana amfora

grecka amfora

starożytna amfora

piękna amfora

amfora kulista

fragment amfory

kształt amfory

zdobić amforę

przypominać amforę

amfora pochodzi skądś


alka

alka (nominative singular)
alki (nominative plural)
alki (genitive singular)
alk (genitive plural)
alce (dative singular)
alkom (dative plural)
alkę (accusative singular)
alki (accusative plural)
alką (instrumental singular)
alkami (instrumental plural)
alce (locative singular)
alkach (locative plural)
alko (singular vocative)
alki (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin alca, from Old Norse alka, from Proto-Germanic *alkǭ. First attested in 1779.

Krzysztof Kluk (1779) Zwierząt domowych i dzikich osobliwie kraiowych historyi naturalney początki i gospodarstwo: A, 2 O ptastwie (in Polish), volume 2, page 68

auk, razorbill (any of several species of Arctic sea birds of the family Alcidae)


akupresura

akupresura (nominative singular)
akupresury (nominative plural)
akupresury (genitive singular)
akupresur (genitive plural)
akupresurze (dative singular)
akupresurom (dative plural)
akupresurę (accusative singular)
akupresury (accusative plural)
akupresurą (instrumental singular)
akupresurami (instrumental plural)
akupresurze (locative singular)
akupresurach (locative plural)
akupresuro (singular vocative)
akupresury (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English acupressure and German Akupressur, from Latin acus pressūra, by way of akupunktura. First attested in 1874.

Przegląd Krytyczny (in Polish), number 1, 1874, page 24

akupresura in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

akupresura stóp

zabieg akupresury

stosować akupresurę

akupresura pomaga

acupressure (alternative medicine technique, derived from acupuncture, in which physical pressure is applied to acupoints)


akupunktura

akupunktura (nominative singular)
akupunktury (genitive singular)
akupunkturze (dative singular)
akupunkturę (accusative singular)
akupunkturą (instrumental singular)
akupunkturze (locative singular)
akupunkturo (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English acupuncture, from French acupuncture, and German Akupunktur. Ultimately from Latin acus + pūnctūra. First attested in 1825.

Monitor Warszawski (in Polish), number 39, 1825, page 182

akupunktura in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

w zakresie akupunktury

z zakresu akupunktury

za pomocą/przy pomocy akupunktury

bezigłowa akupunktura

chińska akupunktura

zabieg akupunktury

seans akupunktury

towarzystwo akupunktury

wykorzystanie akupunktury

punkt akupunktury

gabinet akupunktury

technika akupunktury

an acupuncture technique/the technique of acupuncture

centrum akupunktury

stosować akupunkturę

leczyć akupunkturą

zajmować się akupunkturą

akupunktura pomaga/pomogła


alpaka

→ Kashubian: alpaka

table
Borrowed from Spanish alpaca, from Aymara allpaqa. First attested in 1838.

Johann Gottfried Herder (1838) Pomysły do filozofii dziejów rodzaju ludzkiego. T. 2 (in Polish), page 60

wełna alpaki

Vicugna pacos
Vicugna pacos#Translingual

alpaca (Vicugna pacos, a sheep-like animal of the Andes)

(uncountable) alpaca (wool from the alpaca)


alpaka

alpaka (nominative singular)
alpaki (nominative plural)
alpaki (genitive singular)
alpak (genitive plural)
alpace (dative singular)
alpakom (dative plural)
alpakę (accusative singular)
alpaki (accusative plural)
alpaką (instrumental singular)
alpakami (instrumental plural)
alpace (locative singular)
alpakach (locative plural)
alpako (singular vocative)
alpaki (plural vocative)

table
Borrowed from German Alpaka, from Spanish alpaca, from Aymara allpaqa. First attested in 1855.

Czas (in Polish), number [R.8], № 187, 1855, page 4


anamneza

anamneza (nominative singular)
anamnezy (nominative plural)
anamnezy (genitive singular)
anamnez (genitive plural)
anamnezie (dative singular)
anamnezom (dative plural)
anamnezę (accusative singular)
anamnezy (accusative plural)
anamnezą (instrumental singular)
anamnezami (instrumental plural)
anamnezie (locative singular)
anamnezach (locative plural)
anamnezo (singular vocative)
anamnezy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀνάμνησις (anámnēsis, “remembrance”). First attested in 1832.

ref

Ustawy dotyczące się leczenia chorych w Klinice chirurgicznéj Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. (in Polish), 1832, page 2

(countable) anamnesis (taking of medical history)

(uncountable, philosophy) anamnesis (Plato's epistemological and psychological theory)

(uncountable, Christianity) anamnesis (liturgical statement in Christianity in which the Church refers to the memorial character of the Eucharist or to the Passion)


anastrofa

anastrofa (nominative singular)
anastrofy (nominative plural)
anastrofy (genitive singular)
anastrof (genitive plural)
anastrofie (dative singular)
anastrofom (dative plural)
anastrofę (accusative singular)
anastrofy (accusative plural)
anastrofą (instrumental singular)
anastrofami (instrumental plural)
anastrofie (locative singular)
anastrofach (locative plural)
anastrofo (singular vocative)
anastrofy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀναστροφή (anastrophḗ). First attested in 1823.

ref

Philipp Karl Buttmann (1823) Grammatyka grecka Buttmanna (in Polish), page 328


anatema

anatema (nominative singular)
anatemy (nominative plural)
anatemy (genitive singular)
anatem (genitive plural)
anatemie (dative singular)
anatemom (dative plural)
anatemę (accusative singular)
anatemy (accusative plural)
anatemą (instrumental singular)
anatemami (instrumental plural)
anatemie (locative singular)
anatemach (locative plural)
anatemo (singular vocative)
anatemy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin anathema, from Ancient Greek ἀνάθεμα (anáthema). First attested in 1544.

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy) anathema (ban or curse pronounced with religious solemnity by ecclesiastical authority)

obłożony anatemą

(literary) anathema (harsh damnation of someone or something)


anegdota

anegdotka (diminutive)
anegdota (nominative singular)
anegdoty (nominative plural)
anegdoty (genitive singular)
anegdot (genitive plural)
anegdocie (dative singular)
anegdotom (dative plural)
anegdotę (accusative singular)
anegdoty (accusative plural)
anegdotą (instrumental singular)
anegdotami (instrumental plural)
anegdocie (locative singular)
anegdotach (locative plural)
anegdoto (singular vocative)
anegdoty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French anecdote, from Ancient Greek ἀνέκδοτος (anékdotos). First attested in 1791.

Prince August Sułkowski (1791) Sekretna konferencya między ś. p. Xiążęciem S. Woiewodą Poznańskim a Marszałkiem Gurowskim w wieczności (in Polish), page 86


katoda

katoda (nominative singular)
katody (nominative plural)
katody (genitive singular)
katod (genitive plural)
katodzie (dative singular)
katodom (dative plural)
katodę (accusative singular)
katody (accusative plural)
katodą (instrumental singular)
katodami (instrumental plural)
katodzie (locative singular)
katodach (locative plural)
katodo (singular vocative)
katody (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English cathode, French cathode, German Kathode, ultimately from Ancient Greek κατα- (kata-) + ὁδός (hodós).

(chemistry, electricity) cathode (electrode through which current flows outward)

(electronics) cathode (electrode from which electrons are emitted into a vacuum tube or gas-filled tube)


anoda

anoda (nominative singular)
anody (nominative plural)
anody (genitive singular)
anod (genitive plural)
anodzie (dative singular)
anodom (dative plural)
anodę (accusative singular)
anody (accusative plural)
anodą (instrumental singular)
anodami (instrumental plural)
anodzie (locative singular)
anodach (locative plural)
anodo (singular vocative)
anody (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English anode, from Ancient Greek ἀνα (ana) + Ancient Greek ὁδός (hodós). Doublet of nachód (“invasion”).

(chemistry, electricity) anode (electrode of an electrochemical cell at which oxidation occurs)

(electronics) anode (electrode which collects electrons emitted by the cathode in a vacuum tube or gas-filled tube)


podgrupa

podgrupka (diminutive)
podgrupa (nominative singular)
podgrupy (nominative plural)
podgrupy (genitive singular)
podgrup (genitive plural)
podgrupie (dative singular)
podgrupom (dative plural)
podgrupę (accusative singular)
podgrupy (accusative plural)
podgrupą (instrumental singular)
podgrupami (instrumental plural)
podgrupie (locative singular)
podgrupach (locative plural)
podgrupo (singular vocative)
podgrupy (plural vocative)

subgroup, subset (group whose members are some, but not all, of the members of a larger group)

(taxonomy) subgroup (taxonomic rank between species and genus)

(group theory) subgroup (group within a larger group)


korona

pl-noun

korona f (related adjective koronny or koronowy)

koronny (adjective)
koronowy (adjective)
korona (nominative singular)
korony (nominative plural)
korony (genitive singular)
koron (genitive plural)
koronie (dative singular)
koronom (dative plural)
koronę (accusative singular)
korony (accusative plural)
koroną (instrumental singular)
koronami (instrumental plural)
koronie (locative singular)
koronach (locative plural)
korono (singular vocative)
korony (plural vocative)

→ Ukrainian: коро́на (koróna)

crown (royal, imperial, or princely headdress)

(historical) crown, Krone (former unit of currency of Austria)

crown, koruna (currency of the Czech Republic)

(historical) crown, koruna (former unit of currency of Czechoslovakia)

crown, krone (currency of Denmark and Greenland)

crown, króna (currency of the Faroe Islands)

(historical) crown, korona (former unit of currency of Hungary)

(historical) crown, koruna (former unit of currency of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia)

(historical) crown, koruna (former unit of currency of Slovakia)


bioelektronika

bioelektronika (nominative singular)
bioelektroniki (genitive singular)
bioelektronice (dative singular)
bioelektronikę (accusative singular)
bioelektroniką (instrumental singular)
bioelektronice (locative singular)
bioelektroniko (singular vocative)

From bio- + elektronika. First attested in 1953, but in common usage only as of 1971.

etydate

(biology, electronics) bioelectronics (application of electronics in the field of biology)


blondi

(colloquial) blondie (nickname for an attractive woman with blond hair)


balia

balijka (diminutive)
balia (nominative singular)
balie (nominative plural)
balii (genitive singular)
balii (genitive plural)
balij (archaic genitive plural)
balii (dative singular)
baliom (dative plural)
balię (accusative singular)
balie (accusative plural)
balią (instrumental singular)
baliami (instrumental plural)
balii (locative singular)
baliach (locative plural)
balio (singular vocative)
balie (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: באַליע (balye)


legislatura

legislatura (nominative singular)
legislatury (genitive singular)
legislaturze (dative singular)
legislaturę (accusative singular)
legislaturą (instrumental singular)
legislaturze (locative singular)
legislaturo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French législature, from Latin legō.

(government, law) legislative branch, legislature (all the governmental bodies with the power to make, amend, and repeal laws)

(law) legislature (totality of the laws of a country)


dendrologia

dendrologia (nominative singular)
dendrologii (genitive singular)
dendrologii (dative singular)
dendrologię (accusative singular)
dendrologią (instrumental singular)
dendrologii (locative singular)
dendrologio (singular vocative)


demonologia

demonologia (nominative singular)
demonologii (genitive singular)
demonologii (dative singular)
demonologię (accusative singular)
demonologią (instrumental singular)
demonologii (locative singular)
demonologio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French démonologie. By surface analysis, demon + -o- + -logia.

surf

Coordinate term: angelologia


dynastia

dynastyjka (diminutive)
dynastia (nominative singular)
dynastie (nominative plural)
dynastii (genitive singular)
dynastii (genitive plural)
dynastyj (archaic genitive plural)
dynastii (dative singular)
dynastiom (dative plural)
dynastię (accusative singular)
dynastie (accusative plural)
dynastią (instrumental singular)
dynastiami (instrumental plural)
dynastii (locative singular)
dynastiach (locative plural)
dynastio (singular vocative)
dynastie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin dynastīa, from Ancient Greek δυναστεία (dunasteía, “power, dominion”).

der

dynasty, house (series of rulers or dynasts from one family)


dramaturgia

dramaturgia (nominative singular)
dramaturgii (genitive singular)
dramaturgii (dative singular)
dramaturgię (accusative singular)
dramaturgią (instrumental singular)
dramaturgii (locative singular)
dramaturgio (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English dramaturgy, French dramaturgie, German Dramaturgie, ultimately from Ancient Greek δραματουργία (dramatourgía).

δραματουργία

dramaturgy, dramatology (study of dramatic composition and the representation of the main elements of drama on the stage)

(education) dramaturgy, dramatology (degree course or major at a university)

(film, literature, music, theater) drama (act of building tension in the course of the plot in a literary, theatrical, cinematic, or musical work)

drama (course of events that keeps viewers in suspense)


bimba

bimba (nominative singular)
bimby (nominative plural)
bimby (genitive singular)
bimb (genitive plural)
bimbie (dative singular)
bimbom (dative plural)
bimbę (accusative singular)
bimby (accusative plural)
bimbą (instrumental singular)
bimbami (instrumental plural)
bimbie (locative singular)
bimbach (locative plural)
bimbo (singular vocative)
bimby (plural vocative)

historyczna bimba

stara bimba

zabytkowa bimba

poznańska bimba

jeździć/pojeździć bimbą

przejechać się bimbą

MPK twierdzi, że bimby jeżdżą punktualnie. Tymczasem w środę ok. 13.00 czekałem na Zwierzynieckiej na ,,dwójkę’’, która spóźniła się 10 minut. Tego samego dnia wieczorem na os. Tysiąclecia inna bimba spóźniła się 6 minut. Tamże, w sobotę rano tramwaj nie przyjechał w ogóle lub przyjechał przed czasem. To może zlikwidujmy rozkłady jazdy?

2002, the readership, “Opinie dnia”, in Gazeta Poznańska, Oficyna Wydawnicza Wielkopolski, →ISSN, archived from the original on 2022-06-14

The Urban Transportation Company claims that the trams are punctual. Meanwhile on Wednesday around 1 pm I was waiting at Zwierzyniecka number two, which was late by 10 minutes. Later that day in the evening at Millennium estate another tram was late by 6 minutes. At the same place Saturday morning the tram didn't come at all, or came ahead of time. Maybe we should get rid of the timetables?


matki

inflection of matka:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


ryski

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

inflection of ryska:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


Mjanma

Mjanma (nominative singular)
Mjanmy (genitive singular)
Mjanmie (dative singular)
Mjanmę (accusative singular)
Mjanmą (instrumental singular)
Mjanmie (locative singular)
Mjanmo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Burmese မြန်မာ (mranma, “Myanmar”).


aparatura

aparatura (nominative singular)
aparatury (genitive singular)
aparaturze (dative singular)
aparaturę (accusative singular)
aparaturą (instrumental singular)
aparaturze (locative singular)
aparaturo (singular vocative)

Perhaps from German Apparatur. By surface analysis, aparat + -ura.

apparatus (assortment of tools or instruments)


Apokalipsa

Apokalipsa (nominative singular)
Apokalipsy (genitive singular)
Apokalipsie (dative singular)
Apokalipsę (accusative singular)
Apokalipsą (instrumental singular)
Apokalipsie (locative singular)
Apokalipso (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Apocalypsis, from Ancient Greek ἀποκάλυψις (apokálupsis).

lbor

Apocalypse, Revelation (book of the Bible)


apokalipsa

apokalipsa (nominative singular)
apokalipsy (nominative plural)
apokalipsy (genitive singular)
apokalips (genitive plural)
apokalipsie (dative singular)
apokalipsom (dative plural)
apokalipsę (accusative singular)
apokalipsy (accusative plural)
apokalipsą (instrumental singular)
apokalipsami (instrumental plural)
apokalipsie (locative singular)
apokalipsach (locative plural)
apokalipso (singular vocative)
apokalipsy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀποκάλυψις (apokálupsis).

(Christianity, uncountable) apocalypse (the unveiling of events prophesied in the Revelation)

(literary, countable) apocalypse (a disastera, a cataclysmic event)

(countable) apocalypse (a piece of work about doom)


pompa

pompa (nominative singular)
pompy (nominative plural)
pompy (genitive singular)
pomp (genitive plural)
pompie (dative singular)
pompom (dative plural)
pompę (accusative singular)
pompy (accusative plural)
pompą (instrumental singular)
pompami (instrumental plural)
pompie (locative singular)
pompach (locative plural)
pompo (singular vocative)
pompy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French pompe, from Middle French, from Middle Dutch pompe.


posada

posadka (diminutive)
posada (nominative singular)
posady (nominative plural)
posady (genitive singular)
posad (genitive plural)
posadzie (dative singular)
posadom (dative plural)
posadę (accusative singular)
posady (accusative plural)
posadą (instrumental singular)
posadami (instrumental plural)
posadzie (locative singular)
posadach (locative plural)
posado (singular vocative)
posady (plural vocative)

Deverbal from posadzić. Calque of German Stellung.


brecha

brecha (nominative singular)
brechy (nominative plural)
brechy (genitive singular)
brech (genitive plural)
bresze (dative singular)
brechom (dative plural)
brechę (accusative singular)
brechy (accusative plural)
brechą (instrumental singular)
brechami (instrumental plural)
bresze (locative singular)
brechach (locative plural)
brecho (singular vocative)
brechy (plural vocative)


brecha

brecha (nominative singular)
brechy (genitive singular)
bresze (dative singular)
brechę (accusative singular)
brechą (instrumental singular)
bresze (locative singular)
brecho (singular vocative)

Possibly from a slang term brechtać się (“to laugh”) or from beka.

(slang) kicks, amusement, fun (state of being amused)


kapela

kapela (nominative singular)
kapele (nominative plural)
kapeli (genitive singular)
kapel (genitive plural)
kapeli (genitive plural)
kapeli (dative singular)
kapelom (dative plural)
kapelę (accusative singular)
kapele (accusative plural)
kapelą (instrumental singular)
kapelami (instrumental plural)
kapeli (locative singular)
kapelach (locative plural)
kapelo (singular vocative)
kapele (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Kapelle, from Italian cappella, from Medieval Latin cappella. Doublet of kaplica.


strategia

strategia (nominative singular)
strategie (nominative plural)
strategii (genitive singular)
strategii (genitive plural)
strategij (archaic genitive plural)
strategii (dative singular)
strategiom (dative plural)
strategię (accusative singular)
strategie (accusative plural)
strategią (instrumental singular)
strategiami (instrumental plural)
strategii (locative singular)
strategiach (locative plural)
strategio (singular vocative)
strategie (plural vocative)


Helga

Helga (nominative singular)
Helgi (nominative plural)
Helgi (genitive singular)
Helg (genitive plural)
Heldze (dative singular)
Helgom (dative plural)
Helgę (accusative singular)
Helgi (accusative plural)
Helgą (instrumental singular)
Helgami (instrumental plural)
Heldze (locative singular)
Helgach (locative plural)
Helgo (singular vocative)
Helgi (plural vocative)

Derived from Old Norse Helga. Doublet of Olga.

a female given name, equivalent to English Helga


plaga

plaga (nominative singular)
plagi (nominative plural)
plagi (genitive singular)
plag (genitive plural)
pladze (dative singular)
plagom (dative plural)
plagę (accusative singular)
plagi (accusative plural)
plagą (instrumental singular)
plagami (instrumental plural)
pladze (locative singular)
plagach (locative plural)
plago (singular vocative)
plagi (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin plāga. Doublet of płacz.


Gouda

Gouda (nominative singular)
Goudy (genitive singular)
Goudzie (dative singular)
Goudę (accusative singular)
Goudą (instrumental singular)
Goudzie (locative singular)
Goudo (singular vocative)

Gouda (a city in South Holland, Netherlands)


-ia

-ia (nominative singular)
-ie (nominative plural)
-ii (genitive singular)
-ii (genitive plural)
-ij (archaic genitive plural)
-ii (dative singular)
-iom (dative plural)
-ię (accusative singular)
-ie (accusative plural)
-ią (instrumental singular)
-iami (instrumental plural)
-ii (locative singular)
-iach (locative plural)
-io (singular vocative)
-ie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin -ia and/or Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā). Doublet of -a.

akuszer + -ia → akuszeria


arche

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀρχή (arkhḗ).


cegła

pl-noun

cegła f (diminutive cegiełka, related adjective ceglany)

cegiełka (diminutive)
ceglany (adjective)
cegła (nominative singular)
cegły (nominative plural)
cegły (genitive singular)
cegieł (genitive plural)
cegle (dative singular)
cegłom (dative plural)
cegłę (accusative singular)
cegły (accusative plural)
cegłą (instrumental singular)
cegłami (instrumental plural)
cegle (locative singular)
cegłach (locative plural)
cegło (singular vocative)
cegły (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: цэ́гла (céhla)

→ Ukrainian: це́гла (céhla)

Borrowed from Middle High German ziegel.

brick (hardened rectangular block of mud, clay, etc., used for building)

(derogatory, figurative) thick and uninteresting book

(figurative, humorous) brick (mobile phone, especially a heavy box-shaped one, that has become non-functional or obsolete)


farsa

farsa (nominative singular)
farsy (nominative plural)
farsy (genitive singular)
fars (genitive plural)
farsie (dative singular)
farsom (dative plural)
farsę (accusative singular)
farsy (accusative plural)
farsą (instrumental singular)
farsami (instrumental plural)
farsie (locative singular)
farsach (locative plural)
farso (singular vocative)
farsy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French farce, from Old French farse, from Medieval Latin farsa, from Latin farcīre, from farciō. Doublet of farsz.


reporterka

reporter (masculine)
reporterka (nominative singular)
reporterki (nominative plural)
reporterki (genitive singular)
reporterek (genitive plural)
reporterce (dative singular)
reporterkom (dative plural)
reporterkę (accusative singular)
reporterki (accusative plural)
reporterką (instrumental singular)
reporterkami (instrumental plural)
reporterce (locative singular)
reporterkach (locative plural)
reporterko (singular vocative)
reporterki (plural vocative)

(colloquial, journalism) reporterism (activity or profession of being a reporter)


cukinia

cukinia (nominative singular)
cukinie (nominative plural)
cukinii (genitive singular)
cukinii (genitive plural)
cukinij (archaic genitive plural)
cukinii (dative singular)
cukiniom (dative plural)
cukinię (accusative singular)
cukinie (accusative plural)
cukinią (instrumental singular)
cukiniami (instrumental plural)
cukinii (locative singular)
cukiniach (locative plural)
cukinio (singular vocative)
cukinie (plural vocative)


brukselka

brukselka (nominative singular)
brukselki (nominative plural)
brukselki (genitive singular)
brukselek (genitive plural)
brukselce (dative singular)
brukselkom (dative plural)
brukselkę (accusative singular)
brukselki (accusative plural)
brukselką (instrumental singular)
brukselkami (instrumental plural)
brukselce (locative singular)
brukselkach (locative plural)
brukselko (singular vocative)
brukselki (plural vocative)


papryka

papryczka (diminutive)
papryka (nominative singular)
papryki (nominative plural)
papryki (genitive singular)
papryk (genitive plural)
papryce (dative singular)
paprykom (dative plural)
paprykę (accusative singular)
papryki (accusative plural)
papryką (instrumental singular)
paprykami (instrumental plural)
papryce (locative singular)
paprykach (locative plural)
papryko (singular vocative)
papryki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika.


rzodkiew

rzodkiew (nominative singular)
rzodkwie (nominative plural)
rzodkwi (genitive singular)
rzodkwi (genitive plural)
rzodkwi (dative singular)
rzodkwiom (dative plural)
rzodkiew (accusative singular)
rzodkwie (accusative plural)
rzodkwią (instrumental singular)
rzodkwiami (instrumental plural)
rzodkwi (locative singular)
rzodkwiach (locative plural)
rzodkwi (singular vocative)
rzodkwie (plural vocative)

radish (any plant of the genus Raphanus)


rzeżucha

rzeżuszka (diminutive)
rzeżucha (nominative singular)
rzeżuchy (nominative plural)
rzeżuchy (genitive singular)
rzeżuch (genitive plural)
rzeżusze (dative singular)
rzeżuchom (dative plural)
rzeżuchę (accusative singular)
rzeżuchy (accusative plural)
rzeżuchą (instrumental singular)
rzeżuchami (instrumental plural)
rzeżusze (locative singular)
rzeżuchach (locative plural)
rzeżucho (singular vocative)
rzeżuchy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish rzeżucha, rzeżycha, rzerucha, rzerzucha, żerucha, żerzucha, from Proto-Slavic *žeřuxa.

inh+

Lepidium sativum
Lepidium sativum#Translingual

bittercress (any plant of the genus Cardamine)


dynia

pl-noun

dynia f (diminutive dyńka, related adjective dyniowy)

dyńka (diminutive)
dyniowy (adjective)
dynia (nominative singular)
dynie (nominative plural)
dyni (genitive singular)
dyń (genitive plural)
dyni (dative singular)
dyniom (dative plural)
dynię (accusative singular)
dynie (accusative plural)
dynią (instrumental singular)
dyniami (instrumental plural)
dyni (locative singular)
dyniach (locative plural)
dynio (singular vocative)
dynie (plural vocative)

pumpkin, gourd, squash (any plant of the genus Cucurbita)

pumpkin, gourd, squash (fruit of this plant)

(colloquial, humorous, prison slang, school slang) head, noggin (part of the body of an animal or human which contains the brain, mouth and main sense organs)

(school slang) fatso, butterball (overweight person)

(school slang) F (failing grade, with the next best grade being either a D or an E)

(prison slang) fist (hand with the fingers clenched or curled inward)


rzepa

rzepka (diminutive)
rzepa (nominative singular)
rzepy (nominative plural)
rzepy (genitive singular)
rzep (genitive plural)
rzepie (dative singular)
rzepom (dative plural)
rzepę (accusative singular)
rzepy (accusative plural)
rzepą (instrumental singular)
rzepami (instrumental plural)
rzepie (locative singular)
rzepach (locative plural)
rzepo (singular vocative)
rzepy (plural vocative)

Brassica rapa var. rapa
Brassica rapa var. rapa#Translingual

turnip (white root of Brassica rapa var. rapa)

(colloquial, humorous) strong and healthy girl or young woman


sałata

sałata f (diminutive sałatka, related adjective sałatowy)

sałatka (diminutive)
sałatowy (adjective)
sałata (nominative singular)
sałaty (nominative plural)
sałaty (genitive singular)
sałat (genitive plural)
sałacie (dative singular)
sałatom (dative plural)
sałatę (accusative singular)
sałaty (accusative plural)
sałatą (instrumental singular)
sałatami (instrumental plural)
sałacie (locative singular)
sałatach (locative plural)
sałato (singular vocative)
sałaty (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English salad, French salade, German Salat, ultimately from Italian insalata.

(chiefly in the singular) lettuce (any plant of the genus Lactuca)

(chiefly in the singular) lettuce (leaves of this plant)

(chiefly in the singular, colloquial) money (hard cash in the form of banknotes and coins)

(derogatory, slang) cabdriver, cabman, flyman, hackie (person who drives a carriage for a living)


morfina

morfinowy (adjective)
morfina (nominative singular)
morfiny (genitive singular)
morfinie (dative singular)
morfinę (accusative singular)
morfiną (instrumental singular)
morfinie (locative singular)
morfino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English morphine, French morphine, German Morphin, ultimately from Ancient Greek Μορφεύς (Morpheús).

(biochemistry, pharmacology) morphine (opioid used as an anaesthetic or recreational drug)


orda

orda (nominative singular)
ordy (nominative plural)
ordy (genitive singular)
ord (genitive plural)
ordzie (dative singular)
ordom (dative plural)
ordę (accusative singular)
ordy (accusative plural)
ordą (instrumental singular)
ordami (instrumental plural)
ordzie (locative singular)
ordach (locative plural)
ordo (singular vocative)
ordy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Tatar орда (orda). Doublet of horda.

(historical, military) horde, army (especially of Tatars)

(historical, military, politics) orda (political and military organizational structure used by Turkic and Mongol peoples)


-inka

-inka (nominative singular)
-inki (nominative plural)
-inki (genitive singular)
-inek (genitive plural)
-ince (dative singular)
-inkom (dative plural)
-inkę (accusative singular)
-inki (accusative plural)
-inką (instrumental singular)
-inkami (instrumental plural)
-ince (locative singular)
-inkach (locative plural)
-inko (singular vocative)
-inki (plural vocative)

buława + -inka → buławinka


-enka

-enka (nominative singular)
-enki (nominative plural)
-enki (genitive singular)
-enek (genitive plural)
-ence (dative singular)
-enkom (dative plural)
-enkę (accusative singular)
-enki (accusative plural)
-enką (instrumental singular)
-enkami (instrumental plural)
-ence (locative singular)
-enkach (locative plural)
-enko (singular vocative)
-enki (plural vocative)

trumna + -enka → trumienka


-ara

-ara (nominative singular)
-ary (nominative plural)
-ary (genitive singular)
-ar (genitive plural)
-arze (dative singular)
-arom (dative plural)
-arę (accusative singular)
-ary (accusative plural)
-arą (instrumental singular)
-arami (instrumental plural)
-arze (locative singular)
-arach (locative plural)
-aro (singular vocative)
-ary (plural vocative)

typ + -ara → typiara

gówniarz + -ara → gówniara

jesień + -ara → jesieniara

appended to form feminine nouns, often used in slang


ortografia

ortografia (nominative singular)
ortografii (genitive singular)
ortografii (dative singular)
ortografię (accusative singular)
ortografią (instrumental singular)
ortografii (locative singular)
ortografio (singular vocative)


-ika

-ika (nominative singular)
-iki (genitive singular)
-ice (dative singular)
-ikę (accusative singular)
-iką (instrumental singular)
-ice (locative singular)
-iko (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek -ική (-ikḗ). Doublet of -ca.

lbor

-ics, typically causing antepenultimate stress, or pentulimate stress colloquially


-ba

-ba (nominative singular)
-by (nominative plural)
-by (genitive singular)
-b (genitive plural)
-bie (dative singular)
-bom (dative plural)
-bę (accusative singular)
-by (accusative plural)
-bą (instrumental singular)
-bami (instrumental plural)
-bie (locative singular)
-bach (locative plural)
-bo (singular vocative)
-by (plural vocative)

służyć + -ba → służba

(not productive) forms feminine nouns meaning the action of a verb


gama

gama (nominative singular)
gamy (nominative plural)
gamy (genitive singular)
gam (genitive plural)
gamie (dative singular)
gamom (dative plural)
gamę (accusative singular)
gamy (accusative plural)
gamą (instrumental singular)
gamami (instrumental plural)
gamie (locative singular)
gamach (locative plural)
gamo (singular vocative)
gamy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French gamme, from Medieval Latin gamma, from Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma), from Phoenician 𐤂 (g /gīml/). Doublet of gamma.


-ica

-ica (nominative singular)
-ice (nominative plural)
-icy (genitive singular)
-ic (genitive plural)
-icy (dative singular)
-icom (dative plural)
-icę (accusative singular)
-ice (accusative plural)
-icą (instrumental singular)
-icami (instrumental plural)
-icy (locative singular)
-icach (locative plural)
-ico (singular vocative)
-ice (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish -ica, from Proto-Slavic *-ica.

lewo + -ica → lewica

forms feminine nouns, especially pejoratives and augmentatives


-ura

-ura (nominative singular)
-ury (nominative plural)
-ury (genitive singular)
-ur (genitive plural)
-urze (dative singular)
-urom (dative plural)
-urę (accusative singular)
-ury (accusative plural)
-urą (instrumental singular)
-urami (instrumental plural)
-urze (locative singular)
-urach (locative plural)
-uro (singular vocative)
-ury (plural vocative)

bździć + -ura → bzdura

administrator + -ura → administratura

forms feminine nouns, often related to offices


-ca

-ec (masculine)
-ce (neuter)
-ca (nominative singular)
-ce (nominative plural)
-cy (genitive singular)
-c (genitive plural)
-cy (dative singular)
-com (dative plural)
-cę (accusative singular)
-ce (accusative plural)
-cą (instrumental singular)
-cami (instrumental plural)
-cy (locative singular)
-cach (locative plural)
-co (singular vocative)
-ce (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish -ca, from Proto-Slavic *-ьca. Doublet of -ika and -yka.

Proto-Slavic *ovь + -ca → owca


Saara

saarski (adjective)
Saara (nominative singular)
Saary (genitive singular)
Saarze (dative singular)
Saarę (accusative singular)
Saarą (instrumental singular)
Saarze (locative singular)
Saaro (singular vocative)

Saar (a Moselle, flowing through France and Germany)

Badenia-Wirtembergia · Bawaria · Brandenburgia · Hesja · Dolna Saksonia · Meklemburgia-Pomorze Przednie · Nadrenia Północna-Westfalia · Nadrenia-Palatynat · Saara · Saksonia · Saksonia-Anhalt · Szlezwik-Holsztyn · Turyngia


Eleonora

Eleonora (nominative singular)
Eleonory (nominative plural)
Eleonory (genitive singular)
Eleonor (genitive plural)
Eleonorze (dative singular)
Eleonorom (dative plural)
Eleonorę (accusative singular)
Eleonory (accusative plural)
Eleonorą (instrumental singular)
Eleonorami (instrumental plural)
Eleonorze (locative singular)
Eleonorach (locative plural)
Eleonoro (singular vocative)
Eleonory (plural vocative)

a female given name, equivalent to English Eleanor


Dietrich

Unadapted borrowing from German Dietrich. Doublet of wytrych.


ścieżki

/ˈɕt͡ɕɛʂ.ki/

inflection of ścieżka:
genitive singular

inflection of ścieżka:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


bioróżnorodność

bioróżnorodność (nominative singular)
bioróżnorodności (genitive singular)
bioróżnorodności (dative singular)
bioróżnorodność (accusative singular)
bioróżnorodnością (instrumental singular)
bioróżnorodności (locative singular)
bioróżnorodności (singular vocative)

From bio- + różnorodność. Calque of English biodiversity.


ścieżka

ścieżka (nominative singular)
ścieżki (nominative plural)
ścieżki (genitive singular)
ścieżek (genitive plural)
ścieżce (dative singular)
ścieżkom (dative plural)
ścieżkę (accusative singular)
ścieżki (accusative plural)
ścieżką (instrumental singular)
ścieżkami (instrumental plural)
ścieżce (locative singular)
ścieżkach (locative plural)
ścieżko (singular vocative)
ścieżki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish stdza, from Proto-Slavic *stьžьka, diminutive of *stьga, later form after the third palatalization *stьdza.

/ˈɕt͡ɕɛʂ.ka/

path (a trail for the use of, or worn by, pedestrians)

(computing) path (a specification for a location within a hierarchical or tree-like structure)


angiologia

angiologia (nominative singular)
angiologii (genitive singular)
angiologii (dative singular)
angiologię (accusative singular)
angiologią (instrumental singular)
angiologii (locative singular)
angiologio (singular vocative)

From angio- + -logia. First attested in 1808.

ref

Franciszek Ksawery Ryszkowski (1808) Stan człowieka zdrowego naturalny : podług pism sławnych nauką mężów (in Polish), page 313


strofa

strofka (diminutive)
strofa (nominative singular)
strofy (nominative plural)
strofy (genitive singular)
strof (genitive plural)
strofie (dative singular)
strofom (dative plural)
strofę (accusative singular)
strofy (accusative plural)
strofą (instrumental singular)
strofami (instrumental plural)
strofie (locative singular)
strofach (locative plural)
strofo (singular vocative)
strofy (plural vocative)


okrężnica

okrężnica (nominative singular)
okrężnice (nominative plural)
okrężnicy (genitive singular)
okrężnic (genitive plural)
okrężnicy (dative singular)
okrężnicom (dative plural)
okrężnicę (accusative singular)
okrężnice (accusative plural)
okrężnicą (instrumental singular)
okrężnicami (instrumental plural)
okrężnicy (locative singular)
okrężnicach (locative plural)
okrężnico (singular vocative)
okrężnice (plural vocative)

featherfoil (either member of the genus Hottonia)


waliza

walizka (diminutive)
waliza (nominative singular)
walizy (nominative plural)
walizy (genitive singular)
waliz (genitive plural)
walizie (dative singular)
walizom (dative plural)
walizę (accusative singular)
walizy (accusative plural)
walizą (instrumental singular)
walizami (instrumental plural)
walizie (locative singular)
walizach (locative plural)
walizo (singular vocative)
walizy (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: валі́за (valíza)

→ Ukrainian: валі́за (valíza)


akceleracja

akceleracja (nominative singular)
akceleracje (nominative plural)
akceleracji (genitive singular)
akceleracji (genitive plural)
akceleracyj (archaic genitive plural)
akceleracji (dative singular)
akceleracjom (dative plural)
akcelerację (accusative singular)
akceleracje (accusative plural)
akceleracją (instrumental singular)
akceleracjami (instrumental plural)
akceleracji (locative singular)
akceleracjach (locative plural)
akceleracjo (singular vocative)
akceleracje (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin accelerātiō. First attested in 1713.

lbor

akceleracja biologiczna

sprzętowa akceleracja

faza akceleracji

zjawisko akceleracji

(literary) acceleration (hastening of processes)

(literary, education) acceleration (advancement of students)


słonica

słoniczka (diminutive)
słonica (nominative singular)
słonice (nominative plural)
słonicy (genitive singular)
słonic (genitive plural)
słonicy (dative singular)
słonicom (dative plural)
słonicę (accusative singular)
słonice (accusative plural)
słonicą (instrumental singular)
słonicami (instrumental plural)
słonicy (locative singular)
słonicach (locative plural)
słonico (singular vocative)
słonice (plural vocative)