pleszczotka

pleszczotka (nominative singular)
pleszczotki (nominative plural)
pleszczotki (genitive singular)
pleszczotek (genitive plural)
pleszczotce (dative singular)
pleszczotkom (dative plural)
pleszczotkę (accusative singular)
pleszczotki (accusative plural)
pleszczotką (instrumental singular)
pleszczotkami (instrumental plural)
pleszczotce (locative singular)
pleszczotkach (locative plural)
pleszczotko (singular vocative)
pleszczotki (plural vocative)

buckler mustard, any plant of the genus Biscutella


Syberia

Syberia (nominative singular)
Syberii (genitive singular)
Syberii (dative singular)
Syberię (accusative singular)
Syberią (instrumental singular)
Syberii (locative singular)
Syberio (singular vocative)


wierzbownica

wierzbownica (nominative singular)
wierzbownice (nominative plural)
wierzbownicy (genitive singular)
wierzbownic (genitive plural)
wierzbownicy (dative singular)
wierzbownicom (dative plural)
wierzbownicę (accusative singular)
wierzbownice (accusative plural)
wierzbownicą (instrumental singular)
wierzbownicami (instrumental plural)
wierzbownicy (locative singular)
wierzbownicach (locative plural)
wierzbownico (singular vocative)
wierzbownice (plural vocative)

willowherb, any plant of the genus Epilobium


naradka

naradka (nominative singular)
naradki (nominative plural)
naradki (genitive singular)
naradek (genitive plural)
naradce (dative singular)
naradkom (dative plural)
naradkę (accusative singular)
naradki (accusative plural)
naradką (instrumental singular)
naradkami (instrumental plural)
naradce (locative singular)
naradkach (locative plural)
naradko (singular vocative)
naradki (plural vocative)


prezydentura

prezydentura (nominative singular)
prezydentury (nominative plural)
prezydentury (genitive singular)
prezydentur (genitive plural)
prezydenturze (dative singular)
prezydenturom (dative plural)
prezydenturę (accusative singular)
prezydentury (accusative plural)
prezydenturą (instrumental singular)
prezydenturami (instrumental plural)
prezydenturze (locative singular)
prezydenturach (locative plural)
prezydenturo (singular vocative)
prezydentury (plural vocative)

(government, politics) presidency (office or role of president)

(government, politics) presidency (president's exercise of power)

(government, politics) presidency (time during which one is president; a president's term of office)

(government, politics) presidency (state chairmanship of an organization of various states)


gruszyczka

gruszyczka (nominative singular)
gruszyczki (nominative plural)
gruszyczki (genitive singular)
gruszyczek (genitive plural)
gruszyczce (dative singular)
gruszyczkom (dative plural)
gruszyczkę (accusative singular)
gruszyczki (accusative plural)
gruszyczką (instrumental singular)
gruszyczkami (instrumental plural)
gruszyczce (locative singular)
gruszyczkach (locative plural)
gruszyczko (singular vocative)
gruszyczki (plural vocative)

any plant of the genus Pyrola; wintergreen


bażyna

bażyna (nominative singular)
bażyny (nominative plural)
bażyny (genitive singular)
bażyn (genitive plural)
bażynie (dative singular)
bażynom (dative plural)
bażynę (accusative singular)
bażyny (accusative plural)
bażyną (instrumental singular)
bażynami (instrumental plural)
bażynie (locative singular)
bażynach (locative plural)
bażyno (singular vocative)
bażyny (plural vocative)

crowberry (any plant of the genus Empetrum)


śliwa

śliwa (nominative singular)
śliwy (nominative plural)
śliwy (genitive singular)
śliw (genitive plural)
śliwie (dative singular)
śliwom (dative plural)
śliwę (accusative singular)
śliwy (accusative plural)
śliwą (instrumental singular)
śliwami (instrumental plural)
śliwie (locative singular)
śliwach (locative plural)
śliwo (singular vocative)
śliwy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish śliwa, from Proto-Slavic *sliva, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *slīˀwā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leh₃y-.


kokoryczka

kokoryczka (nominative singular)
kokoryczki (nominative plural)
kokoryczki (genitive singular)
kokoryczek (genitive plural)
kokoryczce (dative singular)
kokoryczkom (dative plural)
kokoryczkę (accusative singular)
kokoryczki (accusative plural)
kokoryczką (instrumental singular)
kokoryczkami (instrumental plural)
kokoryczce (locative singular)
kokoryczkach (locative plural)
kokoryczko (singular vocative)
kokoryczki (plural vocative)

Solomon's seal, any plant of the genus Polygonatum


cebulica

cebulica (nominative singular)
cebulice (nominative plural)
cebulicy (genitive singular)
cebulic (genitive plural)
cebulicy (dative singular)
cebulicom (dative plural)
cebulicę (accusative singular)
cebulice (accusative plural)
cebulicą (instrumental singular)
cebulicami (instrumental plural)
cebulicy (locative singular)
cebulicach (locative plural)
cebulico (singular vocative)
cebulice (plural vocative)


konwalijka

konwalijka (nominative singular)
konwalijki (nominative plural)
konwalijki (genitive singular)
konwalijek (genitive plural)
konwalijce (dative singular)
konwalijkom (dative plural)
konwalijkę (accusative singular)
konwalijki (accusative plural)
konwalijką (instrumental singular)
konwalijkami (instrumental plural)
konwalijce (locative singular)
konwalijkach (locative plural)
konwalijko (singular vocative)
konwalijki (plural vocative)

May lily (any of several plants of the genus Maianthemum)


garderoba

garderoba (nominative singular)
garderoby (nominative plural)
garderoby (genitive singular)
garderób (genitive plural)
garderobie (dative singular)
garderobom (dative plural)
garderobę (accusative singular)
garderoby (accusative plural)
garderobą (instrumental singular)
garderobami (instrumental plural)
garderobie (locative singular)
garderobach (locative plural)
garderobo (singular vocative)
garderoby (plural vocative)

wardrobe (contents of a wardrobe: an individual's entire collection of clothing)

changing room, locker room, dressing room (room, especially in a gym, designed for people to change their clothes)

dressing room, walk-in closet, walk-in wardrobe (small room adjoining a domestic bedroom where people may dress or undress in privacy)


zagadka

zagadka (nominative singular)
zagadki (nominative plural)
zagadki (genitive singular)
zagadek (genitive plural)
zagadce (dative singular)
zagadkom (dative plural)
zagadkę (accusative singular)
zagadki (accusative plural)
zagadką (instrumental singular)
zagadkami (instrumental plural)
zagadce (locative singular)
zagadkach (locative plural)
zagadko (singular vocative)
zagadki (plural vocative)


kolejka

kolejka (nominative singular)
kolejki (nominative plural)
kolejki (genitive singular)
kolejek (genitive plural)
kolejce (dative singular)
kolejkom (dative plural)
kolejkę (accusative singular)
kolejki (accusative plural)
kolejką (instrumental singular)
kolejkami (instrumental plural)
kolejce (locative singular)
kolejkach (locative plural)
kolejko (singular vocative)
kolejki (plural vocative)


Sewilla

Sewilla (nominative singular)
Sewilli (genitive singular)
Sewilli (dative singular)
Sewillę (accusative singular)
Sewillą (instrumental singular)
Sewilli (locative singular)
Sewillo (singular vocative)

Seville (the capital city of Andalusia, Spain)

Seville (a province of Andalusia, Spain)


wątpliwość

wątpliwość (nominative singular)
wątpliwości (nominative plural)
wątpliwości (genitive singular)
wątpliwości (genitive plural)
wątpliwości (dative singular)
wątpliwościom (dative plural)
wątpliwość (accusative singular)
wątpliwości (accusative plural)
wątpliwością (instrumental singular)
wątpliwościami (instrumental plural)
wątpliwości (locative singular)
wątpliwościach (locative plural)
wątpliwości (singular vocative)
wątpliwości (plural vocative)


klacz

ogier (masculine)
klacz (nominative singular)
klacze (nominative plural)
klaczy (genitive singular)
klaczy (genitive plural)
klaczy (dative singular)
klaczom (dative plural)
klacz (accusative singular)
klacze (accusative plural)
klaczą (instrumental singular)
klaczami (instrumental plural)
klaczy (locative singular)
klaczach (locative plural)
klaczy (singular vocative)
klacze (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian кля́ча (kljáča) or Ukrainian кля́ча (kljáča), кляч (kljač), from Proto-Slavic *klęča, *klęčь.


domena

domena (nominative singular)
domeny (nominative plural)
domeny (genitive singular)
domen (genitive plural)
domenie (dative singular)
domenom (dative plural)
domenę (accusative singular)
domeny (accusative plural)
domeną (instrumental singular)
domenami (instrumental plural)
domenie (locative singular)
domenach (locative plural)
domeno (singular vocative)
domeny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Domäne, from French domaine, from Old French domaine, demaine, from Latin dominium or dominicus. Doublet of dominium.

domain (field or sphere of activity, influence, or expertise)

(physics) domain (small region of magnetic material)

(taxonomy) domain (highest-level grouping of organisms)

(historical) demesne, domain (lord's chief manor place)


trzustka

trzustka (nominative singular)
trzustki (nominative plural)
trzustki (genitive singular)
trzustek (genitive plural)
trzustce (dative singular)
trzustkom (dative plural)
trzustkę (accusative singular)
trzustki (accusative plural)
trzustką (instrumental singular)
trzustkami (instrumental plural)
trzustce (locative singular)
trzustkach (locative plural)
trzustko (singular vocative)
trzustki (plural vocative)

Perhaps from an earlier unattested *trzósłka, from Old Polish trzosło + -ka, from Proto-Slavic *čerslò, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *keršlá.


Urszula

Ula (diminutive)
Urszula (nominative singular)
Urszule (nominative plural)
Urszuli (genitive singular)
Urszul (genitive plural)
Urszuli (dative singular)
Urszulom (dative plural)
Urszulę (accusative singular)
Urszule (accusative plural)
Urszulą (instrumental singular)
Urszulami (instrumental plural)
Urszuli (locative singular)
Urszulach (locative plural)
Urszulo (singular vocative)
Urszule (plural vocative)


werbena

werbena (nominative singular)
werbeny (nominative plural)
werbeny (genitive singular)
werben (genitive plural)
werbenie (dative singular)
werbenom (dative plural)
werbenę (accusative singular)
werbeny (accusative plural)
werbeną (instrumental singular)
werbenami (instrumental plural)
werbenie (locative singular)
werbenach (locative plural)
werbeno (singular vocative)
werbeny (plural vocative)

vervain, verbena (any plant of the genus Verbena)


śledziennica

śledziennica (nominative singular)
śledziennice (nominative plural)
śledziennicy (genitive singular)
śledziennic (genitive plural)
śledziennicy (dative singular)
śledziennicom (dative plural)
śledziennicę (accusative singular)
śledziennice (accusative plural)
śledziennicą (instrumental singular)
śledziennicami (instrumental plural)
śledziennicy (locative singular)
śledziennicach (locative plural)
śledziennico (singular vocative)
śledziennice (plural vocative)

golden saxifrage (any plant of the genus Chrysosplenium)


łapówka

łapówa (augmentative)
łapówka (nominative singular)
łapówki (nominative plural)
łapówki (genitive singular)
łapówek (genitive plural)
łapówce (dative singular)
łapówkom (dative plural)
łapówkę (accusative singular)
łapówki (accusative plural)
łapówką (instrumental singular)
łapówkami (instrumental plural)
łapówce (locative singular)
łapówkach (locative plural)
łapówko (singular vocative)
łapówki (plural vocative)

dawać łapówkę


śledziona

śledziona (nominative singular)
śledziony (nominative plural)
śledziony (genitive singular)
śledzion (genitive plural)
śledzionie (dative singular)
śledzionom (dative plural)
śledzionę (accusative singular)
śledziony (accusative plural)
śledzioną (instrumental singular)
śledzionami (instrumental plural)
śledzionie (locative singular)
śledzionach (locative plural)
śledziono (singular vocative)
śledziony (plural vocative)


tarczyca

tarczyca (nominative singular)
tarczyce (nominative plural)
tarczycy (genitive singular)
tarczyc (genitive plural)
tarczycy (dative singular)
tarczycom (dative plural)
tarczycę (accusative singular)
tarczyce (accusative plural)
tarczycą (instrumental singular)
tarczycami (instrumental plural)
tarczycy (locative singular)
tarczycach (locative plural)
tarczyco (singular vocative)
tarczyce (plural vocative)

niedoczynność tarczycy

nadczynność tarczycy

zapalenie tarczycy

skullcap, any plant of the genus Scutellaria


Samarkanda

Samarkanda (nominative singular)
Samarkandy (genitive singular)
Samarkandzie (dative singular)
Samarkandę (accusative singular)
Samarkandą (instrumental singular)
Samarkandzie (locative singular)
Samarkando (singular vocative)


żółtaczka

żółtaczka (nominative singular)
żółtaczki (genitive singular)
żółtaczce (dative singular)
żółtaczkę (accusative singular)
żółtaczką (instrumental singular)
żółtaczce (locative singular)
żółtaczko (singular vocative)


łąka

łączka (diminutive)
łąka (nominative singular)
łąki (nominative plural)
łąki (genitive singular)
łąk (genitive plural)
łące (dative singular)
łąkom (dative plural)
łąkę (accusative singular)
łąki (accusative plural)
łąką (instrumental singular)
łąkami (instrumental plural)
łące (locative singular)
łąkach (locative plural)
łąko (singular vocative)
łąki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lǭkà possibly related to Proto-Slavic *lǫgъ.


objętość

objętość (nominative singular)
objętości (nominative plural)
objętości (genitive singular)
objętości (genitive plural)
objętości (dative singular)
objętościom (dative plural)
objętość (accusative singular)
objętości (accusative plural)
objętością (instrumental singular)
objętościami (instrumental plural)
objętości (locative singular)
objętościach (locative plural)
objętości (singular vocative)
objętości (plural vocative)

(geometry) volume (unit of three dimensional measure that consists of a length, a width and a height)


kotwica

pl-noun

kotwica f (diminutive kotwiczka, related adjective kotwicowy or kotwiczny)

kotwiczka (diminutive)
kotwicowy (adjective)
kotwiczny (adjective)
kotwica (nominative singular)
kotwice (nominative plural)
kotwicy (genitive singular)
kotwic (genitive plural)
kotwicy (dative singular)
kotwicom (dative plural)
kotwicę (accusative singular)
kotwice (accusative plural)
kotwicą (instrumental singular)
kotwicami (instrumental plural)
kotwicy (locative singular)
kotwicach (locative plural)
kotwico (singular vocative)
kotwice (plural vocative)

From kotew + -ica. By surface analysis, kot + -ew + -ica.

(nautical) anchor (tool used to moor a vessel to the bottom of a sea or river to resist movement)

anchor escapement (metal arch with curved ends that keeps the clock mechanism in uniform motion)

anchor (moving part of the magnetic circuit of the relay used to control the contacts)

(rare) St. John's wort, goatweed (any plant of the genus Hypericum)


koniczyna

koniczynka (diminutive)
koniczyna (nominative singular)
koniczyny (nominative plural)
koniczyny (genitive singular)
koniczyn (genitive plural)
koniczynie (dative singular)
koniczynom (dative plural)
koniczynę (accusative singular)
koniczyny (accusative plural)
koniczyną (instrumental singular)
koniczynami (instrumental plural)
koniczynie (locative singular)
koniczynach (locative plural)
koniczyno (singular vocative)
koniczyny (plural vocative)

From earlier forms konicz and konik, from koń + -icz / + -ik + -yna.

trefoil (any of several plants of the pea family, having compound, trifoliate leaves)

clover (any plant of the genus Trifolium)


łechtaczka

łechtaczka (nominative singular)
łechtaczki (nominative plural)
łechtaczki (genitive singular)
łechtaczek (genitive plural)
łechtaczce (dative singular)
łechtaczkom (dative plural)
łechtaczkę (accusative singular)
łechtaczki (accusative plural)
łechtaczką (instrumental singular)
łechtaczkami (instrumental plural)
łechtaczce (locative singular)
łechtaczkach (locative plural)
łechtaczko (singular vocative)
łechtaczki (plural vocative)

(colloquial, humorous) nipple, nub (pointing stick)


Elba

Elba (nominative singular)
Elby (genitive singular)
Elbie (dative singular)
Elbę (accusative singular)
Elbą (instrumental singular)
Elbie (locative singular)
Elbo (singular vocative)


szabla

szabla f (diminutive szabelka, augmentative szablisko, related adjective szablowy)

szabelka (diminutive)
szablisko (augmentative)
szablowy (adjective)
szabla (nominative singular)
szable (nominative plural)
szabli (genitive singular)
szabel (genitive plural)
szabli (genitive plural)
szabli (dative singular)
szablom (dative plural)
szablę (accusative singular)
szable (accusative plural)
szablą (instrumental singular)
szablami (instrumental plural)
szabli (locative singular)
szablach (locative plural)
szablo (singular vocative)
szable (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: ша́бля (šáblja)

→ Italian: sciabola

→ Ukrainian: ша́бля (šáblja)

Inherited from Old Polish szabla. Doublet of szabel.

sabre (light sword, sharp along the front edge, part of the back edge, and at the point)

(fencing) sabre (modern fencing sword modeled after the sabre)


pułapka

pułapka (nominative singular)
pułapki (nominative plural)
pułapki (genitive singular)
pułapek (genitive plural)
pułapce (dative singular)
pułapkom (dative plural)
pułapkę (accusative singular)
pułapki (accusative plural)
pułapką (instrumental singular)
pułapkami (instrumental plural)
pułapce (locative singular)
pułapkach (locative plural)
pułapko (singular vocative)
pułapki (plural vocative)

From earlier połapka, from połapić + -ka.

pułapka na myszy


attyka

attyka (nominative singular)
attyki (nominative plural)
attyki (genitive singular)
attyk (genitive plural)
attyce (dative singular)
attykom (dative plural)
attykę (accusative singular)
attyki (accusative plural)
attyką (instrumental singular)
attykami (instrumental plural)
attyce (locative singular)
attykach (locative plural)
attyko (singular vocative)
attyki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French attique, from Latin atticus, from Ancient Greek Ἀττικός (Attikós).

(architecture) attic (a story or low wall above the cornice of a classical façade)


pochodnia

pochodnia (nominative singular)
pochodnie (nominative plural)
pochodni (genitive singular)
pochodni (genitive plural)
pochodni (dative singular)
pochodniom (dative plural)
pochodnię (accusative singular)
pochodnie (accusative plural)
pochodnią (instrumental singular)
pochodniami (instrumental plural)
pochodni (locative singular)
pochodniach (locative plural)
pochodnio (singular vocative)
pochodnie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pochodьnja.


Hirosima

Hirosima (nominative singular)
Hirosimy (genitive singular)
Hirosimie (dative singular)
Hirosimę (accusative singular)
Hirosimą (instrumental singular)
Hirosimie (locative singular)
Hirosimo (singular vocative)


synkopa

synkopa (nominative singular)
synkopy (nominative plural)
synkopy (genitive singular)
synkop (genitive plural)
synkopie (dative singular)
synkopom (dative plural)
synkopę (accusative singular)
synkopy (accusative plural)
synkopą (instrumental singular)
synkopami (instrumental plural)
synkopie (locative singular)
synkopach (locative plural)
synkopo (singular vocative)
synkopy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French syncope, from Late Latin syncope, from Ancient Greek συγκοπή (sunkopḗ).

(prosody, phonology) syncope (absence of a sound)

(music) syncope (missed beat or off-beat stress)


bramka

bramka (nominative singular)
bramki (nominative plural)
bramki (genitive singular)
bramek (genitive plural)
bramce (dative singular)
bramkom (dative plural)
bramkę (accusative singular)
bramki (accusative plural)
bramką (instrumental singular)
bramkami (instrumental plural)
bramce (locative singular)
bramkach (locative plural)
bramko (singular vocative)
bramki (plural vocative)

(sports) goal (area into which the players attempt to put an object)


stacja benzynowa

stacja benzynowa (nominative singular)
stacje benzynowe (nominative plural)
stacji benzynowej (genitive singular)
stacji (genitive plural)
stacyj  benzynowych (archaic genitive plural)
stacji benzynowej (dative singular)
stacjom benzynowym (dative plural)
stację benzynową (accusative singular)
stacje benzynowe (accusative plural)
stacją benzynową (instrumental singular)
stacjami benzynowymi (instrumental plural)
stacji benzynowej (locative singular)
stacjach benzynowych (locative plural)
stacjo benzynowa (singular vocative)
stacje benzynowe (plural vocative)

tankować/zatankować na stacji benzynowej

(automotive) filling station, gas station, petrol station (facility which sells fuel and lubricants for motor vehicles)


palaczka

palacz (masculine)
palaczka (nominative singular)
palaczki (nominative plural)
palaczki (genitive singular)
palaczek (genitive plural)
palaczce (dative singular)
palaczkom (dative plural)
palaczkę (accusative singular)
palaczki (accusative plural)
palaczką (instrumental singular)
palaczkami (instrumental plural)
palaczce (locative singular)
palaczkach (locative plural)
palaczko (singular vocative)
palaczki (plural vocative)

smoker (person who smokes tobacco habitually)


winorośl

winorośl (nominative singular)
winorośle (nominative plural)
winorośli (genitive singular)
winorośli (genitive plural)
winorośli (dative singular)
winoroślom (dative plural)
winorośl (accusative singular)
winorośle (accusative plural)
winoroślą (instrumental singular)
winoroślami (instrumental plural)
winorośli (locative singular)
winoroślach (locative plural)
winorośli (singular vocative)
winorośle (plural vocative)

(botany) grapevine (plant on which grapes grow)


fasola

fasola f (diminutive fasolka, augmentative fasolisko)

fasolka (diminutive)
fasolisko (augmentative)
fasola (nominative singular)
fasole (nominative plural)
fasoli (genitive singular)
fasoli (genitive plural)
fasoli (dative singular)
fasolom (dative plural)
fasolę (accusative singular)
fasole (accusative plural)
fasolą (instrumental singular)
fasolami (instrumental plural)
fasoli (locative singular)
fasolach (locative plural)
fasolo (singular vocative)
fasole (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin phaseolus, from Ancient Greek φάσηλος (phásēlos).


kolba

kolbka (diminutive)
kolba (nominative singular)
kolby (nominative plural)
kolby (genitive singular)
kolb (genitive plural)
kolbie (dative singular)
kolbom (dative plural)
kolbę (accusative singular)
kolby (accusative plural)
kolbą (instrumental singular)
kolbami (instrumental plural)
kolbie (locative singular)
kolbach (locative plural)
kolbo (singular vocative)
kolby (plural vocative)


reakcja

reakcja (nominative singular)
reakcje (nominative plural)
reakcji (genitive singular)
reakcji (genitive plural)
reakcyj (archaic genitive plural)
reakcji (dative singular)
reakcjom (dative plural)
reakcję (accusative singular)
reakcje (accusative plural)
reakcją (instrumental singular)
reakcjami (instrumental plural)
reakcji (locative singular)
reakcjach (locative plural)
reakcjo (singular vocative)
reakcje (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French réaction, from Old French reaction, from Latin reāctiō.

reaction (action in response to an event)


ludność

ludność f (related adjective ludnościowy)

ludnościowy (adjective)
ludność (nominative singular)
ludności (genitive singular)
ludności (dative singular)
ludność (accusative singular)
ludnością (instrumental singular)
ludności (locative singular)
ludności (singular vocative)

From ludny + -ość. First attested in 1535. Compare Masurian ludnoszcz and Silesian ludność.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “ludność”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

population (all people living within a political or geographical boundary)

(obsolete) turnout, attendance (number of people who attend or participate in an event)


strawy

inflection of strawa:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


Floryda

Floryda (nominative singular)
Florydy (genitive singular)
Florydzie (dative singular)
Florydę (accusative singular)
Florydą (instrumental singular)
Florydzie (locative singular)
Florydo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Florida, from Spanish Florida.

Florida (a peninsula in the United States)


budka

budka (nominative singular)
budki (nominative plural)
budki (genitive singular)
budek (genitive plural)
budce (dative singular)
budkom (dative plural)
budkę (accusative singular)
budki (accusative plural)
budką (instrumental singular)
budkami (instrumental plural)
budce (locative singular)
budkach (locative plural)
budko (singular vocative)
budki (plural vocative)

budka telefoniczna

booth, cabin (small stall for the display and sale of goods)

kiosk (enclosed structure where cigarettes, magazines, etc. are sold)

(historical) bonnet (type of women's and children's hat)


kamizelka

kamizelka (nominative singular)
kamizelki (nominative plural)
kamizelki (genitive singular)
kamizelek (genitive plural)
kamizelce (dative singular)
kamizelkom (dative plural)
kamizelkę (accusative singular)
kamizelki (accusative plural)
kamizelką (instrumental singular)
kamizelkami (instrumental plural)
kamizelce (locative singular)
kamizelkach (locative plural)
kamizelko (singular vocative)
kamizelki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French camisole, from Old Occitan camisola + -ka.

waistcoat, vest (sleeveless garment worn over a shirt)


siatka

pl-noun

siatka f (diminutive siateczka, augmentative siata)

siateczka (diminutive)
siata (augmentative)
siatka (nominative singular)
siatki (nominative plural)
siatki (genitive singular)
siatek (genitive plural)
siatce (dative singular)
siatkom (dative plural)
siatkę (accusative singular)
siatki (accusative plural)
siatką (instrumental singular)
siatkami (instrumental plural)
siatce (locative singular)
siatkach (locative plural)
siatko (singular vocative)
siatki (plural vocative)

(soccer) nutmeg (the playing of the ball between the legs of an opponent)


korelacja

korelacja (nominative singular)
korelacje (nominative plural)
korelacji (genitive singular)
korelacji (genitive plural)
korelacyj (archaic genitive plural)
korelacji (dative singular)
korelacjom (dative plural)
korelację (accusative singular)
korelacje (accusative plural)
korelacją (instrumental singular)
korelacjami (instrumental plural)
korelacji (locative singular)
korelacjach (locative plural)
korelacjo (singular vocative)
korelacje (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French corrélation. By surface analysis, ko- + relacja.


wilżyna

wilżyna (nominative singular)
wilżyny (nominative plural)
wilżyny (genitive singular)
wilżyn (genitive plural)
wilżynie (dative singular)
wilżynom (dative plural)
wilżynę (accusative singular)
wilżyny (accusative plural)
wilżyną (instrumental singular)
wilżynami (instrumental plural)
wilżynie (locative singular)
wilżynach (locative plural)
wilżyno (singular vocative)
wilżyny (plural vocative)

restharrow, any plant of the genus Ononis


weranda

werandka (diminutive)
weranda (nominative singular)
werandy (nominative plural)
werandy (genitive singular)
werand (genitive plural)
werandzie (dative singular)
werandom (dative plural)
werandę (accusative singular)
werandy (accusative plural)
werandą (instrumental singular)
werandami (instrumental plural)
werandzie (locative singular)
werandach (locative plural)
werando (singular vocative)
werandy (plural vocative)


potrzeba

potrzeba (nominative singular)
potrzeby (nominative plural)
potrzeby (genitive singular)
potrzeb (genitive plural)
potrzebie (dative singular)
potrzebom (dative plural)
potrzebę (accusative singular)
potrzeby (accusative plural)
potrzebą (instrumental singular)
potrzebami (instrumental plural)
potrzebie (locative singular)
potrzebach (locative plural)
potrzebo (singular vocative)
potrzeby (plural vocative)

+obj

(countable) need (something necessary) [with genitive ‘for something’; or with żeby (+ infinitive) ‘to do what’]

(countable) need (something without which something or someone cannot function)

(uncountable) need (difficult situation)

(countable, archaic) battle, war excursion

(countable, obsolete) interest, matter, affair

(in the plural, obsolete) tailor's, accessories

(in the plural, obsolete) equipment, matter, affair

(countable, obsolete) service (act of being of assistance to someone)

(countable, Middle Polish) reserve, stockpile


Wspólnota Niepodległych Państw

Wspólnota Niepodległych Państw (nominative singular)
Wspólnoty Niepodległych Państw (genitive singular)
Wspólnocie Niepodległych Państw (dative singular)
Wspólnotę Niepodległych Państw (accusative singular)
Wspólnotą Niepodległych Państw (instrumental singular)
Wspólnocie Niepodległych Państw (locative singular)
Wspólnoto Niepodległych Państw (singular vocative)

Commonwealth of Independent States
Commonwealth of Independent States

Commonwealth of Independent States (successor to the Soviet Union)


matrona

matrona (nominative singular)
matrony (nominative plural)
matrony (genitive singular)
matron (genitive plural)
matronie (dative singular)
matronom (dative plural)
matronę (accusative singular)
matrony (accusative plural)
matroną (instrumental singular)
matronami (instrumental plural)
matronie (locative singular)
matronach (locative plural)
matrono (singular vocative)
matrony (plural vocative)

(dated) matron (mature or elderly woman)

(Ancient Rome, historical) matrona (wife of an honorable man)


bombka

bombka (nominative singular)
bombki (nominative plural)
bombki (genitive singular)
bombek (genitive plural)
bombce (dative singular)
bombkom (dative plural)
bombkę (accusative singular)
bombki (accusative plural)
bombką (instrumental singular)
bombkami (instrumental plural)
bombce (locative singular)
bombkach (locative plural)
bombko (singular vocative)
bombki (plural vocative)

bauble (small spherical decoration put on Christmas tree)


śnieżka

śnieżka (nominative singular)
śnieżki (nominative plural)
śnieżki (genitive singular)
śnieżek (genitive plural)
śnieżce (dative singular)
śnieżkom (dative plural)
śnieżkę (accusative singular)
śnieżki (accusative plural)
śnieżką (instrumental singular)
śnieżkami (instrumental plural)
śnieżce (locative singular)
śnieżkach (locative plural)
śnieżko (singular vocative)
śnieżki (plural vocative)

snowfinch (any bird of the genus Montifringilla, Pyrgilauda, or Onychostruthus)


kolęda

kolęda (nominative singular)
kolędy (nominative plural)
kolędy (genitive singular)
kolęd (genitive plural)
kolędzie (dative singular)
kolędom (dative plural)
kolędę (accusative singular)
kolędy (accusative plural)
kolędą (instrumental singular)
kolędami (instrumental plural)
kolędzie (locative singular)
kolędach (locative plural)
kolędo (singular vocative)
kolędy (plural vocative)

Yiddish: קאָלענדע (kolende)

(Roman Catholicism) folk ritual involving the visitation of homes by a group of people combined with the singing of religious songs associated with the birth of Christ

(Roman Catholicism) donations given by residents to priests visiting their homes or to participants in carols

Kolęda, kolędowanie, to sposób spędzania wolnego czasu typowy dla młodych ludzi żyjących na osiedlach. Kolęda to codzienne spotkanie znajomych (pod gołym niebem lub klatce schodowej), umilane przez alkohol, marihuanę, grę w zośkę, a czasem także przez popisy breakdance, beat box i freestyle.
Kolęda, kolędowanie, is a way of spending free time typical for young people living in housing projects. Kolęda is a daily meeting of friends (in the open air or in a staircase), accompanied by alcohol, marijuana, playing footbag, and sometimes also by breakdance, beat boxing and freestyle performances.

2008, Piotr Fliciński, Stanisław Wójtowicz, Hip-Hop Słownik, page 86

Nie zamykaj mamo dzisiaj drzwi, bo późno będę / z chłopakami idziemy dziś na kolędę.

1998, “Wiedziałem, że tak będzie”, in Vienio (lyrics), DJ 600V (music), Skandal, performed by Molesta

Don't close the door today, mum, because I'll be up late / the boys and I are going to a party today.

(hip-hop slang) party (social gathering during which alcohol is consumed)


maciejka

maciejka (nominative singular)
maciejki (nominative plural)
maciejki (genitive singular)
maciejek (genitive plural)
maciejce (dative singular)
maciejkom (dative plural)
maciejkę (accusative singular)
maciejki (accusative plural)
maciejką (instrumental singular)
maciejkami (instrumental plural)
maciejce (locative singular)
maciejkach (locative plural)
maciejko (singular vocative)
maciejki (plural vocative)

Matthiola longipetala
Wikispecies:Matthiola longipetala

the plant evening stock (Matthiola longipetala)


Normandia

Normandia (nominative singular)
Normandii (genitive singular)
Normandii (dative singular)
Normandię (accusative singular)
Normandią (instrumental singular)
Normandii (locative singular)
Normandio (singular vocative)

administrative region
administrative region

Normandy (an administrative region, historical province, and medieval kingdom in northwest France, on the English Channel)


kalarepa

pl-noun

kalarepa f (related adjective kalarepka)

kalarepka (adjective)
kalarepa (nominative singular)
kalarepy (nominative plural)
kalarepy (genitive singular)
kalarep (genitive plural)
kalarepie (dative singular)
kalarepom (dative plural)
kalarepę (accusative singular)
kalarepy (accusative plural)
kalarepą (instrumental singular)
kalarepami (instrumental plural)
kalarepie (locative singular)
kalarepach (locative plural)
kalarepo (singular vocative)
kalarepy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian caulo rapa／cavolo rapa.

bor+

Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes#Translingual

(chiefly in the singular) kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes)

(chiefly in the singular) kohlrabi (thick, circular, edible stem of this plant)


kowariancja

kowariancja (nominative singular)
kowariancje (nominative plural)
kowariancji (genitive singular)
kowariancji (genitive plural)
kowariancyj (archaic genitive plural)
kowariancji (dative singular)
kowariancjom (dative plural)
kowariancję (accusative singular)
kowariancje (accusative plural)
kowariancją (instrumental singular)
kowariancjami (instrumental plural)
kowariancji (locative singular)
kowariancjach (locative plural)
kowariancjo (singular vocative)
kowariancje (plural vocative)


Góry Skaliste

Góry Skaliste (nominative plural)
Gór Skalistych (genitive plural)
Górom Skalistym (dative plural)
Góry Skaliste (accusative plural)
Górami Skalistymi (instrumental plural)
Górach Skalistych (locative plural)
Góry Skaliste (plural vocative)


seksuologia

seksuologia (nominative singular)
seksuologii (genitive singular)
seksuologii (dative singular)
seksuologię (accusative singular)
seksuologią (instrumental singular)
seksuologii (locative singular)
seksuologio (singular vocative)


Kartagina

Kartagina (nominative singular)
Kartaginy (genitive singular)
Kartaginie (dative singular)
Kartaginę (accusative singular)
Kartaginą (instrumental singular)
Kartaginie (locative singular)
Kartagino (singular vocative)

Carthage (an ancient city in North Africa, in modern Tunisia)

Carthage (an ancient civilisation in North Africa, centred on the city of Carthage)


kohorta

kohortowy (adjective)
kohorta (nominative singular)
kohorty (nominative plural)
kohorty (genitive singular)
kohort (genitive plural)
kohorcie (dative singular)
kohortom (dative plural)
kohortę (accusative singular)
kohorty (accusative plural)
kohortą (instrumental singular)
kohortami (instrumental plural)
kohorcie (locative singular)
kohortach (locative plural)
kohorto (singular vocative)
kohorty (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin cohors. Doublet of kort.

(Ancient Rome, historical, military) cohort (division of Roman legion)

(statistics) cohort (demographic grouping of people)


tajga

tajga (nominative singular)
tajgi (nominative plural)
tajgi (genitive singular)
tajg (genitive plural)
tajdze (dative singular)
tajgom (dative plural)
tajgę (accusative singular)
tajgi (accusative plural)
tajgą (instrumental singular)
tajgami (instrumental plural)
tajdze (locative singular)
tajgach (locative plural)
tajgo (singular vocative)
tajgi (plural vocative)


cisza

cisza (nominative singular)
ciszy (genitive singular)
ciszy (dative singular)
ciszę (accusative singular)
ciszą (instrumental singular)
ciszy (locative singular)
ciszo (singular vocative)


dojka

dojka (nominative singular)
dojki (nominative plural)
dojki (genitive singular)
dojek (genitive plural)
dojce (dative singular)
dojkom (dative plural)
dojkę (accusative singular)
dojki (accusative plural)
dojką (instrumental singular)
dojkami (instrumental plural)
dojce (locative singular)
dojkach (locative plural)
dojko (singular vocative)
dojki (plural vocative)


potęga

potęga (nominative singular)
potęgi (nominative plural)
potęgi (genitive singular)
potęg (genitive plural)
potędze (dative singular)
potęgom (dative plural)
potęgę (accusative singular)
potęgi (accusative plural)
potęgą (instrumental singular)
potęgami (instrumental plural)
potędze (locative singular)
potęgach (locative plural)
potęgo (singular vocative)
potęgi (plural vocative)

dwa do potęgi piątej


samokontrola

samokontrola (nominative singular)
samokontrole (nominative plural)
samokontroli (genitive singular)
samokontroli (genitive plural)
samokontroli (dative singular)
samokontrolom (dative plural)
samokontrolę (accusative singular)
samokontrole (accusative plural)
samokontrolą (instrumental singular)
samokontrolami (instrumental plural)
samokontroli (locative singular)
samokontrolach (locative plural)
samokontrolo (singular vocative)
samokontrole (plural vocative)


-patia

-patia (nominative singular)
-patie (nominative plural)
-patii (genitive singular)
-patii (genitive plural)
-patyj (archaic genitive plural)
-patii (dative singular)
-patiom (dative plural)
-patię (accusative singular)
-patie (accusative plural)
-patią (instrumental singular)
-patiami (instrumental plural)
-patii (locative singular)
-patiach (locative plural)
-patio (singular vocative)
-patie (plural vocative)

allel + -patia → allelopatia


Zelandia

Zelandia (nominative singular)
Zelandii (genitive singular)
Zelandii (dative singular)
Zelandię (accusative singular)
Zelandią (instrumental singular)
Zelandii (locative singular)
Zelandio (singular vocative)


pistacja

pistacja (nominative singular)
pistacje (nominative plural)
pistacji (genitive singular)
pistacji (genitive plural)
pistacyj (archaic genitive plural)
pistacji (dative singular)
pistacjom (dative plural)
pistację (accusative singular)
pistacje (accusative plural)
pistacją (instrumental singular)
pistacjami (instrumental plural)
pistacji (locative singular)
pistacjach (locative plural)
pistacjo (singular vocative)
pistacje (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin pistacium, from Ancient Greek πιστᾰ́κιον (pistákion), from πιστάκη (pistákē), from an Iranian language. Doublet of fistaszek.


pijawka

pijawka (nominative singular)
pijawki (nominative plural)
pijawki (genitive singular)
pijawek (genitive plural)
pijawce (dative singular)
pijawkom (dative plural)
pijawkę (accusative singular)
pijawki (accusative plural)
pijawką (instrumental singular)
pijawkami (instrumental plural)
pijawce (locative singular)
pijawkach (locative plural)
pijawko (singular vocative)
pijawki (plural vocative)

(figurative, derogatory) leech (person who derives profit from others in a parasitic fashion)


silnia

silnia (nominative singular)
silnie (nominative plural)
silni (genitive singular)
silni (genitive plural)
silni (dative singular)
silniom (dative plural)
silnię (accusative singular)
silnie (accusative plural)
silnią (instrumental singular)
silniami (instrumental plural)
silni (locative singular)
silniach (locative plural)
silnio (singular vocative)
silnie (plural vocative)


maca

(Judaism, uncountable) matzo (thin, unleavened bread)

(Judaism, countable) matzo (piece of such bread)


maca

maca (nominative singular)
mace (nominative plural)
macy (genitive singular)
mac (genitive plural)
macy (dative singular)
macom (dative plural)
macę (accusative singular)
mace (accusative plural)
macą (instrumental singular)
macami (instrumental plural)
macy (locative singular)
macach (locative plural)
maco (singular vocative)
mace (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish maca, meca. Compare German Metze.


kobza

kobza (nominative singular)
kobzy (nominative plural)
kobzy (genitive singular)
kobz (genitive plural)
kobzie (dative singular)
kobzom (dative plural)
kobzę (accusative singular)
kobzy (accusative plural)
kobzą (instrumental singular)
kobzami (instrumental plural)
kobzie (locative singular)
kobzach (locative plural)
kobzo (singular vocative)
kobzy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ukrainian ко́бза (kóbza), from Proto-Turkic *kopuŕ.


wanilia

wanilia (nominative singular)
wanilii (genitive singular)
wanilii (dative singular)
wanilię (accusative singular)
wanilią (instrumental singular)
wanilii (locative singular)
wanilio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French vanille, from Spanish vainilla.

vanilla (any orchid of the genus Vanilla)


opora

opora (nominative singular)
opory (nominative plural)
opory (genitive singular)
opor (genitive plural)
oporze (dative singular)
oporom (dative plural)
oporę (accusative singular)
opory (accusative plural)
oporą (instrumental singular)
oporami (instrumental plural)
oporze (locative singular)
oporach (locative plural)
oporo (singular vocative)
opory (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish opora. By surface analysis, deverbal from oprzeć.

surf

(archaic) support (that on which something rests)

(archaic) obstacle (that which is in the way)


kiszka

pl-noun

kiszka f (diminutive kiszeczka, augmentative kicha)

kiszeczka (diminutive)
kicha (augmentative)
kiszka (nominative singular)
kiszki (nominative plural)
kiszki (genitive singular)
kiszek (genitive plural)
kiszce (dative singular)
kiszkom (dative plural)
kiszkę (accusative singular)
kiszki (accusative plural)
kiszką (instrumental singular)
kiszkami (instrumental plural)
kiszce (locative singular)
kiszkach (locative plural)
kiszko (singular vocative)
kiszki (plural vocative)

kiszka stolcowa

(Kraków) kaszanka (a type of blood sausage)


kajuta

kajutka (diminutive)
kajuta (nominative singular)
kajuty (nominative plural)
kajuty (genitive singular)
kajut (genitive plural)
kajucie (dative singular)
kajutom (dative plural)
kajutę (accusative singular)
kajuty (accusative plural)
kajutą (instrumental singular)
kajutami (instrumental plural)
kajucie (locative singular)
kajutach (locative plural)
kajuto (singular vocative)
kajuty (plural vocative)


bałałajka

bałałajka (nominative singular)
bałałajki (nominative plural)
bałałajki (genitive singular)
bałałajek (genitive plural)
bałałajce (dative singular)
bałałajkom (dative plural)
bałałajkę (accusative singular)
bałałajki (accusative plural)
bałałajką (instrumental singular)
bałałajkami (instrumental plural)
bałałajce (locative singular)
bałałajkach (locative plural)
bałałajko (singular vocative)
bałałajki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian балала́йка (balalájka).


wykałaczka

wykałaczka (nominative singular)
wykałaczki (nominative plural)
wykałaczki (genitive singular)
wykałaczek (genitive plural)
wykałaczce (dative singular)
wykałaczkom (dative plural)
wykałaczkę (accusative singular)
wykałaczki (accusative plural)
wykałaczką (instrumental singular)
wykałaczkami (instrumental plural)
wykałaczce (locative singular)
wykałaczkach (locative plural)
wykałaczko (singular vocative)
wykałaczki (plural vocative)

From now obsolete wykałać (“to pick out”) + -aczka.


huśtawka

huśtaweczka (diminutive)
huśtawka (nominative singular)
huśtawki (nominative plural)
huśtawki (genitive singular)
huśtawek (genitive plural)
huśtawce (dative singular)
huśtawkom (dative plural)
huśtawkę (accusative singular)
huśtawki (accusative plural)
huśtawką (instrumental singular)
huśtawkami (instrumental plural)
huśtawce (locative singular)
huśtawkach (locative plural)
huśtawko (singular vocative)
huśtawki (plural vocative)

swing, seesaw, teeter-totter (a hanging seat)


stajnia

stajenka (diminutive)
stajnia (nominative singular)
stajnie (nominative plural)
stajni (genitive singular)
stajni (genitive plural)
stajni (dative singular)
stajniom (dative plural)
stajnię (accusative singular)
stajnie (accusative plural)
stajnią (instrumental singular)
stajniami (instrumental plural)
stajni (locative singular)
stajniach (locative plural)
stajnio (singular vocative)
stajnie (plural vocative)

stable (building set apart and adapted for keeping horses)


bułka

pl-noun

bułka f (diminutive bułeczka, augmentative buła)

bułeczka (diminutive)
buła (augmentative)
bułka (nominative singular)
bułki (nominative plural)
bułki (genitive singular)
bułek (genitive plural)
bułce (dative singular)
bułkom (dative plural)
bułkę (accusative singular)
bułki (accusative plural)
bułką (instrumental singular)
bułkami (instrumental plural)
bułce (locative singular)
bułkach (locative plural)
bułko (singular vocative)
bułki (plural vocative)


chata

chatka (diminutive)
chata (nominative singular)
chaty (nominative plural)
chaty (genitive singular)
chat (genitive plural)
chacie (dative singular)
chatom (dative plural)
chatę (accusative singular)
chaty (accusative plural)
chatą (instrumental singular)
chatami (instrumental plural)
chacie (locative singular)
chatach (locative plural)
chato (singular vocative)
chaty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ukrainian ха́та (xáta, “house; home”), from Proto-Slavic *xata, from Scythian.

bor+

(slang) home; crib; the place where one lives


żyletka

żyleta (augmentative)
żyletka (nominative singular)
żyletki (nominative plural)
żyletki (genitive singular)
żyletek (genitive plural)
żyletce (dative singular)
żyletkom (dative plural)
żyletkę (accusative singular)
żyletki (accusative plural)
żyletką (instrumental singular)
żyletkami (instrumental plural)
żyletce (locative singular)
żyletkach (locative plural)
żyletko (singular vocative)
żyletki (plural vocative)

From English Gillette + -ka, named after American businessman King C. Gillette.


słomka

słomkowy (adjective)
słomka (nominative singular)
słomki (nominative plural)
słomki (genitive singular)
słomek (genitive plural)
słomce (dative singular)
słomkom (dative plural)
słomkę (accusative singular)
słomki (accusative plural)
słomką (instrumental singular)
słomkami (instrumental plural)
słomce (locative singular)
słomkach (locative plural)
słomko (singular vocative)
słomki (plural vocative)


podpaska

podpaska (nominative singular)
podpaski (nominative plural)
podpaski (genitive singular)
podpasek (genitive plural)
podpasce (dative singular)
podpaskom (dative plural)
podpaskę (accusative singular)
podpaski (accusative plural)
podpaską (instrumental singular)
podpaskami (instrumental plural)
podpasce (locative singular)
podpaskach (locative plural)
podpasko (singular vocative)
podpaski (plural vocative)

menstrual pad, pad, sanitary napkin, sanitary towel

(archaic) pad (something that suspends something)


piromania

piromania (nominative singular)
piromanii (genitive singular)
piromanii (dative singular)
piromanię (accusative singular)
piromanią (instrumental singular)
piromanii (locative singular)
piromanio (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English pyromania, French pyromania, German Pyromania.

pyromania (compulsive disorder characterized by obsession with fire or uncontrollable urges to start fires)


karoseria

karoseria (nominative singular)
karoserie (nominative plural)
karoserii (genitive singular)
karoserii (genitive plural)
karoseryj (archaic genitive plural)
karoserii (dative singular)
karoseriom (dative plural)
karoserię (accusative singular)
karoserie (accusative plural)
karoserią (instrumental singular)
karoseriami (instrumental plural)
karoserii (locative singular)
karoseriach (locative plural)
karoserio (singular vocative)
karoserie (plural vocative)

coachwork (body, the largest part of a car)


karmia

karmia (nominative singular)
karmie (nominative plural)
karmi (genitive singular)
karmi (genitive plural)
karm (genitive plural)
karmi (dative singular)
karmiom (dative plural)
karmię (accusative singular)
karmie (accusative plural)
karmią (instrumental singular)
karmiami (instrumental plural)
karmi (locative singular)
karmiach (locative plural)
karmio (singular vocative)
karmie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish karmia, from Proto-Slavic *kъrmľa.


typografia

typografia (nominative singular)
typografii (genitive singular)
typografii (dative singular)
typografię (accusative singular)
typografią (instrumental singular)
typografii (locative singular)
typografio (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English typography, French typographie, German Typographie.

(typography) typography (art and technique)


narkomania

narkomania (nominative singular)
narkomanii (genitive singular)
narkomanii (dative singular)
narkomanię (accusative singular)
narkomanią (instrumental singular)
narkomanii (locative singular)
narkomanio (singular vocative)


frenologia

frenologia (nominative singular)
frenologii (genitive singular)
frenologii (dative singular)
frenologię (accusative singular)
frenologią (instrumental singular)
frenologii (locative singular)
frenologio (singular vocative)


kamelia

kameliowy (adjective)
kamelia (nominative singular)
kamelie (nominative plural)
kamelii (genitive singular)
kamelii (genitive plural)
kamelij (archaic genitive plural)
kamelii (dative singular)
kameliom (dative plural)
kamelię (accusative singular)
kamelie (accusative plural)
kamelią (instrumental singular)
kameliami (instrumental plural)
kamelii (locative singular)
kameliach (locative plural)
kamelio (singular vocative)
kamelie (plural vocative)

Named after Czech-German Jesuit missionary, pharmacist, and naturalist Georg Joseph Kamel.

named-after

camellia (any plant of the genus Camellia)


kamelia

kamelia (nominative singular)
kamelie (nominative plural)
kamelii (genitive singular)
kamelii (genitive plural)
kamelij (archaic genitive plural)
kamelii (dative singular)
kameliom (dative plural)
kamelię (accusative singular)
kamelie (accusative plural)
kamelią (instrumental singular)
kameliami (instrumental plural)
kamelii (locative singular)
kameliach (locative plural)
kamelio (singular vocative)
kamelie (plural vocative)

(euphemistic, literary) daughter of joy (elegant female prostitute having erotic relations with rich men)


angiografia

angiografia (nominative singular)
angiografii (genitive singular)
angiografii (dative singular)
angiografię (accusative singular)
angiografią (instrumental singular)
angiografii (locative singular)
angiografio (singular vocative)

From angio- + -grafia. First attested in 1923.

ref

Nowotwory (in Polish), volume 37, 1923, page 272

cyfrowa angiografia

angiografia klasyczna

angiografia tętnic

angiografia rezonansu magnetycznego


ambiofonia

ambiofonia (nominative singular)
ambiofonii (genitive singular)
ambiofonii (dative singular)
ambiofonię (accusative singular)
ambiofonią (instrumental singular)
ambiofonii (locative singular)
ambiofonio (singular vocative)

From ambi- + -o- + -fonia. First attested in 1962.

ambiofonia in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego


aerobiologia

aerobiologia (nominative singular)
aerobiologii (genitive singular)
aerobiologii (dative singular)
aerobiologię (accusative singular)
aerobiologią (instrumental singular)
aerobiologii (locative singular)
aerobiologio (singular vocative)

From aero- + biologia. First attested in 1937.

(biology) aerobiology (the study of the dispersion of airborne biological materials, as pollen, spores, microorganisms, or viruses)


dioptria

dioptria (nominative singular)
dioptrie (nominative plural)
dioptrii (genitive singular)
dioptrii (genitive plural)
dioptryj (archaic genitive plural)
dioptrii (dative singular)
dioptriom (dative plural)
dioptrię (accusative singular)
dioptrie (accusative plural)
dioptrią (instrumental singular)
dioptriami (instrumental plural)
dioptrii (locative singular)
dioptriach (locative plural)
dioptrio (singular vocative)
dioptrie (plural vocative)


protoplazma

pl-noun

protoplazma f (related adjective protoplazmatyczny)

protoplazmatyczny (adjective)
protoplazma (nominative singular)
protoplazmy (nominative plural)
protoplazmy (genitive singular)
protoplazm (genitive plural)
protoplazmie (dative singular)
protoplazmom (dative plural)
protoplazmę (accusative singular)
protoplazmy (accusative plural)
protoplazmą (instrumental singular)
protoplazmami (instrumental plural)
protoplazmie (locative singular)
protoplazmach (locative plural)
protoplazmo (singular vocative)
protoplazmy (plural vocative)

(cytology) protoplasm (entire contents of a cell comprising the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It is a semi-fluid, transparent substance which is the living matter of plant and animal cells)


krtań

krtań (nominative singular)
krtanie (nominative plural)
krtani (genitive singular)
krtani (genitive plural)
krtani (dative singular)
krtaniom (dative plural)
krtań (accusative singular)
krtanie (accusative plural)
krtanią (instrumental singular)
krtaniami (instrumental plural)
krtani (locative singular)
krtaniach (locative plural)
krtani (singular vocative)
krtanie (plural vocative)


Atlantyda

Atlantyda (nominative singular)
Atlantydy (genitive singular)
Atlantydzie (dative singular)
Atlantydę (accusative singular)
Atlantydą (instrumental singular)
Atlantydzie (locative singular)
Atlantydo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Ātlantidem, from Ancient Greek Ἀτλαντίς (Atlantís).

(fantasy, Greek mythology) Atlantis (mythical country said to have sunk into the ocean)

(Greek mythology) Atlantide (one of the seven beautiful daughters of Atlas, the founder of Atlantis)


kołdra

kołdra f (diminutive kołderka, augmentative kołdrzyna, related adjective kołdrowy)

kołderka (diminutive)
kołdrzyna (augmentative)
kołdrowy (adjective)
kołdra (nominative singular)
kołdry (nominative plural)
kołdry (genitive singular)
kołder (genitive plural)
kołdrze (dative singular)
kołdrom (dative plural)
kołdrę (accusative singular)
kołdry (accusative plural)
kołdrą (instrumental singular)
kołdrami (instrumental plural)
kołdrze (locative singular)
kołdrach (locative plural)
kołdro (singular vocative)
kołdry (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: ко́ўдра (kóŭdra)

→ Latgalian: kouldre

→ Ukrainian: ко́вдра (kóvdra)

→ Yiddish: קאָלדרע (koldre)

duvet, comforter, continental quilt, quilt, doona (flat cloth bag with a filling (traditionally down) and usually an additional washable cover, used instead of blankets)

(literary) layer of substance covering and enveloping something


poduszka

poduszka f (diminutive poduszeczka, augmentative poducha, related adjective poduszkowy)

poduszeczka (diminutive)
poducha (augmentative)
poduszkowy (adjective)
poduszka (nominative singular)
poduszki (nominative plural)
poduszki (genitive singular)
poduszek (genitive plural)
poduszce (dative singular)
poduszkom (dative plural)
poduszkę (accusative singular)
poduszki (accusative plural)
poduszką (instrumental singular)
poduszkami (instrumental plural)
poduszce (locative singular)
poduszkach (locative plural)
poduszko (singular vocative)
poduszki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podušьka. Cognate with Russian поду́шка (podúška), Ukrainian по́душка (póduška), Czech poduška, Slovak poduška. Also compare Serbo-Croatian духња (“feather bed”), Czech duchna, Polish duchna. Ultimately derivable from Proto-Slavic *duxъ (“breath, spirit”), through the sense development "breath" → "inflated" → "pillow".

książka do poduszki

opowieść do poduszki

piosenka do poduszki


-emia

-emia (nominative singular)
-emie (nominative plural)
-emii (genitive singular)
-emii (genitive plural)
-emij (archaic genitive plural)
-emii (dative singular)
-emiom (dative plural)
-emię (accusative singular)
-emie (accusative plural)
-emią (instrumental singular)
-emiami (instrumental plural)
-emii (locative singular)
-emiach (locative plural)
-emio (singular vocative)
-emie (plural vocative)

an- + -emia → anemia


przyprawy

inflection of przyprawa:
genitive singular

inflection of przyprawa:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


przyprawa

przyprawa (nominative singular)
przyprawy (nominative plural)
przyprawy (genitive singular)
przypraw (genitive plural)
przyprawie (dative singular)
przyprawom (dative plural)
przyprawę (accusative singular)
przyprawy (accusative plural)
przyprawą (instrumental singular)
przyprawami (instrumental plural)
przyprawie (locative singular)
przyprawach (locative plural)
przyprawo (singular vocative)
przyprawy (plural vocative)


mąka

mąka f (diminutive mączka, related adjective mąkowy)

mączka (diminutive)
mąkowy (adjective)
mąka (nominative singular)
mąki (nominative plural)
mąki (genitive singular)
mąk (genitive plural)
mące (dative singular)
mąkom (dative plural)
mąkę (accusative singular)
mąki (accusative plural)
mąką (instrumental singular)
mąkami (instrumental plural)
mące (locative singular)
mąkach (locative plural)
mąko (singular vocative)
mąki (plural vocative)

(uncountable) flour (powder obtained by grinding or milling cereal grains, especially wheat, or other foodstuffs such as soybeans and potatoes, and used to bake bread, cakes, and pastry)


zakrystia

zakrystyjka (diminutive)
zakrystia (nominative singular)
zakrystie (nominative plural)
zakrystii (genitive singular)
zakrystii (genitive plural)
zakrystyj (archaic genitive plural)
zakrystii (dative singular)
zakrystiom (dative plural)
zakrystię (accusative singular)
zakrystie (accusative plural)
zakrystią (instrumental singular)
zakrystiami (instrumental plural)
zakrystii (locative singular)
zakrystiach (locative plural)
zakrystio (singular vocative)
zakrystie (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Sakristei, from Latin sacristia.


ośmiornica

ośmiorniczka (diminutive)
ośmiornica (nominative singular)
ośmiornice (nominative plural)
ośmiornicy (genitive singular)
ośmiornic (genitive plural)
ośmiornicy (dative singular)
ośmiornicom (dative plural)
ośmiornicę (accusative singular)
ośmiornice (accusative plural)
ośmiornicą (instrumental singular)
ośmiornicami (instrumental plural)
ośmiornicy (locative singular)
ośmiornicach (locative plural)
ośmiornico (singular vocative)
ośmiornice (plural vocative)

From ośmioro + -nica. Sense 3 is a semantic loan from Italian piovra, perhaps from the name of the Italian series La Piovra, which is about the Mafia.


wiedza

wiedza (nominative singular)
wiedzy (genitive singular)
wiedzy (dative singular)
wiedzę (accusative singular)
wiedzą (instrumental singular)
wiedzy (locative singular)
wiedzo (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *věďa. By surface analysis, deverbal from wiedzieć. First attested in 1612.

ref

Paweł Kupiszewski (05.04.2022) “WIEDZA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]

knowledge (relevant information that can be recalled from memory; that what one knows) [with o (+ locative) ‘about what’]

knowledge (familiarity with something) [with o (+ locative) ‘about what’]

(education, in set phrases) studies (subject focusing on a particular field of study)

(obsolete) news (new information about someone)


linia

pl-noun

linia f (diminutive linijka, related adjective linijny or liniowy)

linijka (diminutive)
linijny (adjective)
liniowy (adjective)
linia (nominative singular)
linie (nominative plural)
linii (genitive singular)
linii (genitive plural)
linij (archaic genitive plural)
linii (dative singular)
liniom (dative plural)
linię (accusative singular)
linie (accusative plural)
linią (instrumental singular)
liniami (instrumental plural)
linii (locative singular)
liniach (locative plural)
linio (singular vocative)
linie (plural vocative)

desc

→? Russian: линия (linija) (or from German)

Learned borrowing from Latin līnea. First attested in 1535. Compare Kashubian liniô, Masurian linijá, and Silesian lynijŏ.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “linia”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

line (long shape, continuous mark, including as made by a pen)

line (series of people or things placed next to each other)

line (oblong shape that is permanently formed by the folding of the skin in the palm of the hand, from which some people infer some aspect of a person's life)

line (system of conduits for transmitting)

line (telephone channel through which the call is established)

line (fixed route along which specific types of vehicles run)

line (all vehicles running on such a route)

line (enterprise that provides communication services of a specific type of means of transport, i.e. flying)

line (written or printed row of letters, words, numbers or other text)

(military) line (place where combat occurs)

(military) line (border defended by a military)

line (set of devices installed in a specific order that are used for the industrial production of some type of product)

(sometimes proscribed due to overuse) line (set of products or services sold by a business)

line (series or succession of ancestors or descendants of a given person)

line (boundary that separates people, groups of people or phenomena that are different in some respect)

(printing) line (typesetting material, the mesh of which produces a print of a line of a certain thickness)

(historical) line (unit of length used in Anglo-Saxon countries, formerly used in many countries; especially one twelfth of an inch)

(Middle Polish) principle, regulation, rule of conduct

(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain.


Flandria

Flandria (nominative singular)
Flandrii (genitive singular)
Flandrii (dative singular)
Flandrię (accusative singular)
Flandrią (instrumental singular)
Flandrii (locative singular)
Flandrio (singular vocative)

Flanders (a historical region of Western Europe)

County of Flanders
County of Flanders#English

Flanders, County of Flanders (a historical county of Western Europe, of varying extent)

Flanders (two provinces of Belgium, West Flanders and East Flanders)


Bratysława

Bratysława (nominative singular)
Bratysławy (genitive singular)
Bratysławie (dative singular)
Bratysławę (accusative singular)
Bratysławą (instrumental singular)
Bratysławie (locative singular)
Bratysławo (singular vocative)

Bratislava (the capital city of Slovakia)


babizna

babizna (nominative singular)
babizny (genitive singular)
babiźnie (dative singular)
babiznę (accusative singular)
babizną (instrumental singular)
babiźnie (locative singular)
babizno (singular vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish babizna. By surface analysis, baba + -izna.

(obsolete) inheritance from a grandmother


kraina

kraina (nominative singular)
krainy (nominative plural)
krainy (genitive singular)
krain (genitive plural)
krainie (dative singular)
krainom (dative plural)
krainę (accusative singular)
krainy (accusative plural)
krainą (instrumental singular)
krainami (instrumental plural)
krainie (locative singular)
krainach (locative plural)
kraino (singular vocative)
krainy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish kraina, from Proto-Slavic *krajina.

kraina mlekiem i miodem płynąca


decyzja

decyzyjny (adjective)
decyzja (nominative singular)
decyzje (nominative plural)
decyzji (genitive singular)
decyzji (genitive plural)
decyzyj (archaic genitive plural)
decyzji (dative singular)
decyzjom (dative plural)
decyzję (accusative singular)
decyzje (accusative plural)
decyzją (instrumental singular)
decyzjami (instrumental plural)
decyzji (locative singular)
decyzjach (locative plural)
decyzjo (singular vocative)
decyzje (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: decyzjô

Learned borrowing from Latin dēcīsiō. First attested in 1564.

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “decyzyja”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]


tożsamość

tożsamość (nominative singular)
tożsamości (nominative plural)
tożsamości (genitive singular)
tożsamości (genitive plural)
tożsamości (dative singular)
tożsamościom (dative plural)
tożsamość (accusative singular)
tożsamości (accusative plural)
tożsamością (instrumental singular)
tożsamościami (instrumental plural)
tożsamości (locative singular)
tożsamościach (locative plural)
tożsamości (singular vocative)
tożsamości (plural vocative)

identity (the sameness some individuals share to make up the same kind or universal)

tożsamość trygonometryczna


podagra

podagra (nominative singular)
podagry (genitive singular)
podagrze (dative singular)
podagrę (accusative singular)
podagrą (instrumental singular)
podagrze (locative singular)
podagro (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ποδάγρα (podágra).

lbor

(pathology) podagra (gout in the big toe)


filozofia

filozofijka (diminutive)
filozofia (nominative singular)
filozofie (nominative plural)
filozofii (genitive singular)
filozofii (genitive plural)
filozofij (archaic genitive plural)
filozofii (dative singular)
filozofiom (dative plural)
filozofię (accusative singular)
filozofie (accusative plural)
filozofią (instrumental singular)
filozofiami (instrumental plural)
filozofii (locative singular)
filozofiach (locative plural)
filozofio (singular vocative)
filozofie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin philosophia.

(uncountable, philosophy) philosophy (academic discipline)

(uncountable, education) philosophy (degree course; university major)

(countable, education) philosophy (college faculty)

(countable) philosophy (comprehensive system of belief)

(countable) philosophy (view regarding fundamental principles)

(countable) philosophy (general principle (usually moral))

(countable, proscribed) philosophy (purpose behind someone's actions)

żadna filozofia

(uncountable, colloquial) difficult task


autoironia

autoironia (nominative singular)
autoironii (genitive singular)
autoironii (dative singular)
autoironię (accusative singular)
autoironią (instrumental singular)
autoironii (locative singular)
autoironio (singular vocative)

From auto- + ironia. First attested in 1901.


gęstość

gęstość (nominative singular)
gęstości (nominative plural)
gęstości (genitive singular)
gęstości (genitive plural)
gęstości (dative singular)
gęstościom (dative plural)
gęstość (accusative singular)
gęstości (accusative plural)
gęstością (instrumental singular)
gęstościami (instrumental plural)
gęstości (locative singular)
gęstościach (locative plural)
gęstości (singular vocative)
gęstości (plural vocative)

/ˈɡɛw̃s.tɔɕt͡ɕ/


pedagog

From Latin paedagōgus, from Ancient Greek παιδαγωγός (paidagōgós), from παῖς (paîs, “child”) + ἀγωγός (agōgós, “guide”) (from ἄγω (ágō, “lead”)).


przeszkoda

przeszkoda (nominative singular)
przeszkody (nominative plural)
przeszkody (genitive singular)
przeszkód (genitive plural)
przeszkodzie (dative singular)
przeszkodom (dative plural)
przeszkodę (accusative singular)
przeszkody (accusative plural)
przeszkodą (instrumental singular)
przeszkodami (instrumental plural)
przeszkodzie (locative singular)
przeszkodach (locative plural)
przeszkodo (singular vocative)
przeszkody (plural vocative)


rafa

rafa (nominative singular)
rafy (nominative plural)
rafy (genitive singular)
raf (genitive plural)
rafie (dative singular)
rafom (dative plural)
rafę (accusative singular)
rafy (accusative plural)
rafą (instrumental singular)
rafami (instrumental plural)
rafie (locative singular)
rafach (locative plural)
rafo (singular vocative)
rafy (plural vocative)

rafa barierowa

reef (rocks at or near surface of the water)


klapka

klapka (nominative singular)
klapki (nominative plural)
klapki (genitive singular)
klapek (genitive plural)
klapce (dative singular)
klapkom (dative plural)
klapkę (accusative singular)
klapki (accusative plural)
klapką (instrumental singular)
klapkami (instrumental plural)
klapce (locative singular)
klapkach (locative plural)
klapko (singular vocative)
klapki (plural vocative)

(regional) flyswatter (device for swatting flies)


wiorsta

wiorsta (nominative singular)
wiorsty (nominative plural)
wiorsty (genitive singular)
wiorst (genitive plural)
wiorście (dative singular)
wiorstom (dative plural)
wiorstę (accusative singular)
wiorsty (accusative plural)
wiorstą (instrumental singular)
wiorstami (instrumental plural)
wiorście (locative singular)
wiorstach (locative plural)
wiorsto (singular vocative)
wiorsty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian верста́ (verstá). Doublet of warstwa.

(historical) verst (obsolete Russian unit of length)


nikotyna

pl-noun

nikotyna f (related adjective nikotynowy)

nikotynowy (adjective)
nikotyna (nominative singular)
nikotyny (genitive singular)
nikotynie (dative singular)
nikotynę (accusative singular)
nikotyną (instrumental singular)
nikotynie (locative singular)
nikotyno (singular vocative)

nicotine (alkaloid (C10H14N2), commonly occurring in the tobacco plant; in small doses, it is a habit-forming stimulant; in larger doses, it is toxic and is often used in insecticides)


Samara

Samara (nominative singular)
Samary (genitive singular)
Samarze (dative singular)
Samarę (accusative singular)
Samarą (instrumental singular)
Samarze (locative singular)
Samaro (singular vocative)

Samara (a city, the administrative center of Samara Oblast, Russia)

Samara (a tributary of the Volga in Russia)


Babilonia

Babilonia (nominative singular)
Babilonii (genitive singular)
Babilonii (dative singular)
Babilonię (accusative singular)
Babilonią (instrumental singular)
Babilonii (locative singular)
Babilonio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Babylōnia. Doublet of Babel and Babilon.

(historical) Babylonia (an ancient region and empire in southern Mesopotamia, in modern Iraq)


tonsura

tonsura (nominative singular)
tonsury (nominative plural)
tonsury (genitive singular)
tonsur (genitive plural)
tonsurze (dative singular)
tonsurom (dative plural)
tonsurę (accusative singular)
tonsury (accusative plural)
tonsurą (instrumental singular)
tonsurami (instrumental plural)
tonsurze (locative singular)
tonsurach (locative plural)
tonsuro (singular vocative)
tonsury (plural vocative)


miski

inflection of miska:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


pointa

pointa (nominative singular)
pointy (nominative plural)
pointy (genitive singular)
point (genitive plural)
poincie (dative singular)
pointom (dative plural)
pointę (accusative singular)
pointy (accusative plural)
pointą (instrumental singular)
pointami (instrumental plural)
poincie (locative singular)
pointach (locative plural)
pointo (singular vocative)
pointy (plural vocative)


Burgundia

pl-prop

Burgundia f (related adjective burgundzki)

burgundzki (adjective)
Burgundia (nominative singular)
Burgundii (genitive singular)
Burgundii (dative singular)
Burgundię (accusative singular)
Burgundią (instrumental singular)
Burgundii (locative singular)
Burgundio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin Burgundia.

lbor

Burgundy (a region and former administrative region of France; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté)

Burgundy (An early-medieval kingdom and later former duchy in France and the Netherlands)


Owernia

Owernia (nominative singular)
Owernii (genitive singular)
Owernii (dative singular)
Owernię (accusative singular)
Owernią (instrumental singular)
Owernii (locative singular)
Owernio (singular vocative)

Auvergne (a former administrative region and historical province of France, since 2016 part of the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes)


Alzacja

Alzacja (nominative singular)
Alzacji (genitive singular)
Alzacji (dative singular)
Alzację (accusative singular)
Alzacją (instrumental singular)
Alzacji (locative singular)
Alzacjo (singular vocative)

Alsace (a region, former administrative region, and historical province of France, located on the west bank of the upper Rhine; since 2016, part of the administrative region of Grand Est)


próbówka

próbówka (nominative singular)
próbówki (nominative plural)
próbówki (genitive singular)
próbówek (genitive plural)
próbówce (dative singular)
próbówkom (dative plural)
próbówkę (accusative singular)
próbówki (accusative plural)
próbówką (instrumental singular)
próbówkami (instrumental plural)
próbówce (locative singular)
próbówkach (locative plural)
próbówko (singular vocative)
próbówki (plural vocative)

(chemistry) Alternative form of probówka


parówka

pl-noun

parówka f (diminutive paróweczka, augmentative parówa)

paróweczka (diminutive)
parówa (augmentative)
parówka (nominative singular)
parówki (nominative plural)
parówki (genitive singular)
parówek (genitive plural)
parówce (dative singular)
parówkom (dative plural)
parówkę (accusative singular)
parówki (accusative plural)
parówką (instrumental singular)
parówkami (instrumental plural)
parówce (locative singular)
parówkach (locative plural)
parówko (singular vocative)
parówki (plural vocative)


dubeltówka

dubeltówka f (diminutive dubeltóweczka, augmentative dubeltówczyna)

dubeltóweczka (diminutive)
dubeltówczyna (augmentative)
dubeltówka (nominative singular)
dubeltówki (nominative plural)
dubeltówki (genitive singular)
dubeltówek (genitive plural)
dubeltówce (dative singular)
dubeltówkom (dative plural)
dubeltówkę (accusative singular)
dubeltówki (accusative plural)
dubeltówką (instrumental singular)
dubeltówkami (instrumental plural)
dubeltówce (locative singular)
dubeltówkach (locative plural)
dubeltówko (singular vocative)
dubeltówki (plural vocative)

double-barrelled shotgun
double-barrelled shotgun


Kastylia

Kastylia (nominative singular)
Kastylii (genitive singular)
Kastylii (dative singular)
Kastylię (accusative singular)
Kastylią (instrumental singular)
Kastylii (locative singular)
Kastylio (singular vocative)


główka

główeczka (diminutive)
główka (nominative singular)
główki (nominative plural)
główki (genitive singular)
główek (genitive plural)
główce (dative singular)
główkom (dative plural)
główkę (accusative singular)
główki (accusative plural)
główką (instrumental singular)
główkami (instrumental plural)
główce (locative singular)
główkach (locative plural)
główko (singular vocative)
główki (plural vocative)

(masonry) end; the smallest face of a brick


pokojówka

pokojówka (nominative singular)
pokojówki (nominative plural)
pokojówki (genitive singular)
pokojówek (genitive plural)
pokojówce (dative singular)
pokojówkom (dative plural)
pokojówkę (accusative singular)
pokojówki (accusative plural)
pokojówką (instrumental singular)
pokojówkami (instrumental plural)
pokojówce (locative singular)
pokojówkach (locative plural)
pokojówko (singular vocative)
pokojówki (plural vocative)


Bretania

Bretania (nominative singular)
Bretanii (genitive singular)
Bretanii (dative singular)
Bretanię (accusative singular)
Bretanią (instrumental singular)
Bretanii (locative singular)
Bretanio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French Bretagne, from Latin Britannia, from Ancient Greek Πρεττανία (Prettanía). Doublet of Brytania.

Brittany (an administrative region, historical province, and peninsula in northwest France)


Saksonia

pl-proper noun

Saksonia f (related adjective saksoński)

saksoński (adjective)
Saksonia (nominative singular)
Saksonii (genitive singular)
Saksonii (dative singular)
Saksonię (accusative singular)
Saksonią (instrumental singular)
Saksonii (locative singular)
Saksonio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Saxonia. Doublet of saksy and Sas.

Badenia-Wirtembergia · Bawaria · Brandenburgia · Hesja · Dolna Saksonia · Meklemburgia-Pomorze Przednie · Nadrenia Północna-Westfalia · Nadrenia-Palatynat · Saara · Saksonia · Saksonia-Anhalt · Szlezwik-Holsztyn · Turyngia


Brema

bremeński (adjective)
Brema (nominative singular)
Bremy (genitive singular)
Bremie (dative singular)
Bremę (accusative singular)
Bremą (instrumental singular)
Bremie (locative singular)
Bremo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Bremen, from Old Saxon bremo, from Proto-Germanic.

Bremen (the capital city of the state of Bremen, Germany)


laparotomia

laparotomia (nominative singular)
laparotomie (nominative plural)
laparotomii (genitive singular)
laparotomii (genitive plural)
laparotomij (archaic genitive plural)
laparotomii (dative singular)
laparotomiom (dative plural)
laparotomię (accusative singular)
laparotomie (accusative plural)
laparotomią (instrumental singular)
laparotomiami (instrumental plural)
laparotomii (locative singular)
laparotomiach (locative plural)
laparotomio (singular vocative)
laparotomie (plural vocative)


kurta

kurta (nominative singular)
kurty (nominative plural)
kurty (genitive singular)
kurt (genitive plural)
kurcie (dative singular)
kurtom (dative plural)
kurtę (accusative singular)
kurty (accusative plural)
kurtą (instrumental singular)
kurtami (instrumental plural)
kurcie (locative singular)
kurtach (locative plural)
kurto (singular vocative)
kurty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English kurta, from Hindi कुरता (kurtā).

kurta (loose, collarless, long-sleeved, knee-length shirt)


runda

rundka (diminutive)
runda (nominative singular)
rundy (nominative plural)
rundy (genitive singular)
rund (genitive plural)
rundzie (dative singular)
rundom (dative plural)
rundę (accusative singular)
rundy (accusative plural)
rundą (instrumental singular)
rundami (instrumental plural)
rundzie (locative singular)
rundach (locative plural)
rundo (singular vocative)
rundy (plural vocative)

(sports) round (one part of a game or competition)


samotność

samotność (nominative singular)
samotności (genitive singular)
samotności (dative singular)
samotność (accusative singular)
samotnością (instrumental singular)
samotności (locative singular)
samotności (singular vocative)

solitude (state of being alone or solitary)

loneliness (feeling of depression as a result of being alone)


Genewa

Genewa (nominative singular)
Genewy (genitive singular)
Genewie (dative singular)
Genewę (accusative singular)
Genewą (instrumental singular)
Genewie (locative singular)
Genewo (singular vocative)


leż

leż (nominative singular)
leże (nominative plural)
leży (genitive singular)
leży (genitive plural)
leży (dative singular)
leżom (dative plural)
leż (accusative singular)
leże (accusative plural)
leżą (instrumental singular)
leżami (instrumental plural)
leży (locative singular)
leżach (locative plural)
leży (singular vocative)
leże (plural vocative)


amfetamina

pl-noun

amfetamina f (related adjective amfetaminowy)

amfetaminowy (adjective)
amfetamina (nominative singular)
amfetaminy (genitive singular)
amfetaminie (dative singular)
amfetaminę (accusative singular)
amfetaminą (instrumental singular)
amfetaminie (locative singular)
amfetamino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English amphetamine, French amphétamine, and German Amphetamin, ultimately from a(lpha-)m(ethyl)ph(en)eth(yl)amine. First attested in 1953.

ref

Bibliografia Zawartości Czasopism (in Polish), number R. 7, z. 11, 1953, page 956

(organic chemistry) amphetamine (racemic freebase of 1-phenylpropan-2-amine; an equal parts mixture of levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine in their pure amine forms)


diabla

inflection of diabli:
feminine nominative singular

inflection of diabli:
feminine vocative singular


fotosynteza

fotosynteza (nominative singular)
fotosyntezy (nominative plural)
fotosyntezy (genitive singular)
fotosyntez (genitive plural)
fotosyntezie (dative singular)
fotosyntezom (dative plural)
fotosyntezę (accusative singular)
fotosyntezy (accusative plural)
fotosyntezą (instrumental singular)
fotosyntezami (instrumental plural)
fotosyntezie (locative singular)
fotosyntezach (locative plural)
fotosyntezo (singular vocative)
fotosyntezy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English photosynthesis, French photosynthèse, and German Photosynthese.


wycieraczka

wycieraczka (nominative singular)
wycieraczki (nominative plural)
wycieraczki (genitive singular)
wycieraczek (genitive plural)
wycieraczce (dative singular)
wycieraczkom (dative plural)
wycieraczkę (accusative singular)
wycieraczki (accusative plural)
wycieraczką (instrumental singular)
wycieraczkami (instrumental plural)
wycieraczce (locative singular)
wycieraczkach (locative plural)
wycieraczko (singular vocative)
wycieraczki (plural vocative)


kierownica

kierownica (nominative singular)
kierownice (nominative plural)
kierownicy (genitive singular)
kierownic (genitive plural)
kierownicy (dative singular)
kierownicom (dative plural)
kierownicę (accusative singular)
kierownice (accusative plural)
kierownicą (instrumental singular)
kierownicami (instrumental plural)
kierownicy (locative singular)
kierownicach (locative plural)
kierownico (singular vocative)
kierownice (plural vocative)


szyba

pl-noun

szyba f (diminutive szybka, related adjective szybowy)

szybka (diminutive)
szybowy (adjective)
szyba (nominative singular)
szyby (nominative plural)
szyby (genitive singular)
szyb (genitive plural)
szybie (dative singular)
szybom (dative plural)
szybę (accusative singular)
szyby (accusative plural)
szybą (instrumental singular)
szybami (instrumental plural)
szybie (locative singular)
szybach (locative plural)
szybo (singular vocative)
szyby (plural vocative)

→ Ukrainian: ши́ба (šýba)

Borrowed from German Scheibe. Doublet of skiba, szajba, and szyb.

(architecture) pane, windowpane, plate glass, flat glass, sheet glass (individual sheet of glass in a window, door, windshields, etc.)


temperówka

temperówka (nominative singular)
temperówki (nominative plural)
temperówki (genitive singular)
temperówek (genitive plural)
temperówce (dative singular)
temperówkom (dative plural)
temperówkę (accusative singular)
temperówki (accusative plural)
temperówką (instrumental singular)
temperówkami (instrumental plural)
temperówce (locative singular)
temperówkach (locative plural)
temperówko (singular vocative)
temperówki (plural vocative)


kredka

kredka (nominative singular)
kredki (nominative plural)
kredki (genitive singular)
kredek (genitive plural)
kredce (dative singular)
kredkom (dative plural)
kredkę (accusative singular)
kredki (accusative plural)
kredką (instrumental singular)
kredkami (instrumental plural)
kredce (locative singular)
kredkach (locative plural)
kredko (singular vocative)
kredki (plural vocative)


gumka

gumeczka (diminutive)
gumka (nominative singular)
gumki (nominative plural)
gumki (genitive singular)
gumek (genitive plural)
gumce (dative singular)
gumkom (dative plural)
gumkę (accusative singular)
gumki (accusative plural)
gumką (instrumental singular)
gumkami (instrumental plural)
gumce (locative singular)
gumkach (locative plural)
gumko (singular vocative)
gumki (plural vocative)

gumka do włosów


linijka

linijka (nominative singular)
linijki (nominative plural)
linijki (genitive singular)
linijek (genitive plural)
linijce (dative singular)
linijkom (dative plural)
linijkę (accusative singular)
linijki (accusative plural)
linijką (instrumental singular)
linijkami (instrumental plural)
linijce (locative singular)
linijkach (locative plural)
linijko (singular vocative)
linijki (plural vocative)


empetrójka

empetrójka (nominative singular)
empetrójki (nominative plural)
empetrójki (genitive singular)
empetrójek (genitive plural)
empetrójce (dative singular)
empetrójkom (dative plural)
empetrójkę (accusative singular)
empetrójki (accusative plural)
empetrójką (instrumental singular)
empetrójkami (instrumental plural)
empetrójce (locative singular)
empetrójkach (locative plural)
empetrójko (singular vocative)
empetrójki (plural vocative)

Phonetic respelling of the initialism MP3.

(colloquial, music) MP3 (digital sound recording in MP3 format; a song file)

(colloquial, music) MP3 player (electronic device for playing digital audio files in the MP3 format (and, in many cases, also files in some other formats and/or including a radio function))


fajka

fajka f (diminutive fajeczka, augmentative faja or fajczysko, related adjective fajkowy)

fajeczka (diminutive)
faja (augmentative)
fajczysko (augmentative)
fajkowy (adjective)
fajka (nominative singular)
fajki (nominative plural)
fajki (genitive singular)
fajek (genitive plural)
fajce (dative singular)
fajkom (dative plural)
fajkę (accusative singular)
fajki (accusative plural)
fajką (instrumental singular)
fajkami (instrumental plural)
fajce (locative singular)
fajkach (locative plural)
fajko (singular vocative)
fajki (plural vocative)

tobacco pipe (small, hand-held device in its simplest form consisting of a bowl and stem; used for inhaling the smoke of burning tobacco)

(colloquial) checkmark, tick (mark with a ✓ sign made to indicate agreement, correctness, or acknowledgement)

(colloquial) snorkel (hollow tube used for breathing underwater)

(hunting, in the plural) upper fang of a boar bent upwards


asymptota

asymptota (nominative singular)
asymptoty (nominative plural)
asymptoty (genitive singular)
asymptot (genitive plural)
asymptocie (dative singular)
asymptotom (dative plural)
asymptotę (accusative singular)
asymptoty (accusative plural)
asymptotą (instrumental singular)
asymptotami (instrumental plural)
asymptocie (locative singular)
asymptotach (locative plural)
asymptoto (singular vocative)
asymptoty (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀσύμπτωτος (asúmptōtos).


bessa

bessa (nominative singular)
bessy (genitive singular)
bessie (dative singular)
bessę (accusative singular)
bessą (instrumental singular)
bessie (locative singular)
besso (singular vocative)


żurawina

żurawina (nominative singular)
żurawiny (nominative plural)
żurawiny (genitive singular)
żurawin (genitive plural)
żurawinie (dative singular)
żurawinom (dative plural)
żurawinę (accusative singular)
żurawiny (accusative plural)
żurawiną (instrumental singular)
żurawinami (instrumental plural)
żurawinie (locative singular)
żurawinach (locative plural)
żurawino (singular vocative)
żurawiny (plural vocative)

From żuraw + -ina. Compare English cranberry.

cranberry (shrub belonging to Vaccinium sect. Oxycoccus)


stomia

stomia (nominative singular)
stomie (nominative plural)
stomii (genitive singular)
stomii (genitive plural)
stomij (archaic genitive plural)
stomii (dative singular)
stomiom (dative plural)
stomię (accusative singular)
stomie (accusative plural)
stomią (instrumental singular)
stomiami (instrumental plural)
stomii (locative singular)
stomiach (locative plural)
stomio (singular vocative)
stomie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek στόμα (stóma).

(medicine) stoma (small opening in a membrane; a surgically constructed opening, especially one in the abdominal wall that permits the passage of waste after a colostomy or ileostomy)


żołądź

żołądź (nominative singular)
żołędzie (nominative plural)
żołędzi (genitive singular)
żołędzi (genitive plural)
żołędzi (dative singular)
żołędziom (dative plural)
żołądź (accusative singular)
żołędzie (accusative plural)
żołędzią (instrumental singular)
żołędziami (instrumental plural)
żołędzi (locative singular)
żołędziach (locative plural)
żołędzi (singular vocative)
żołędzie (plural vocative)

/ˈʐɔ.wɔɲt͡ɕ/

Inherited from Old Polish żołądź, from Proto-Slavic *želǫdь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gel-, *gil-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelh₂-.


podobizna

podobizna (nominative singular)
podobizny (nominative plural)
podobizny (genitive singular)
podobizn (genitive plural)
podobiźnie (dative singular)
podobiznom (dative plural)
podobiznę (accusative singular)
podobizny (accusative plural)
podobizną (instrumental singular)
podobiznami (instrumental plural)
podobiźnie (locative singular)
podobiznach (locative plural)
podobizno (singular vocative)
podobizny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish podoba + -izna.

portrait (painting or image of a person's head)


łyżwa

łyżewka (diminutive)
łyżwa (nominative singular)
łyżwy (nominative plural)
łyżwy (genitive singular)
łyżew (genitive plural)
łyżw (genitive plural)
łyżwie (dative singular)
łyżwom (dative plural)
łyżwę (accusative singular)
łyżwy (accusative plural)
łyżwą (instrumental singular)
łyżwami (instrumental plural)
łyżwie (locative singular)
łyżwach (locative plural)
łyżwo (singular vocative)
łyżwy (plural vocative)

(skiing) ice skate, skate (boot with a blade attached to the bottom)


medytacja

medytacja (nominative singular)
medytacje (nominative plural)
medytacji (genitive singular)
medytacji (genitive plural)
medytacyj (archaic genitive plural)
medytacji (dative singular)
medytacjom (dative plural)
medytację (accusative singular)
medytacje (accusative plural)
medytacją (instrumental singular)
medytacjami (instrumental plural)
medytacji (locative singular)
medytacjach (locative plural)
medytacjo (singular vocative)
medytacje (plural vocative)


pogoda

pogoda (nominative singular)
pogody (nominative plural)
pogody (genitive singular)
pogód (genitive plural)
pogodzie (dative singular)
pogodom (dative plural)
pogodę (accusative singular)
pogody (accusative plural)
pogodą (instrumental singular)
pogodami (instrumental plural)
pogodzie (locative singular)
pogodach (locative plural)
pogodo (singular vocative)
pogody (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pogoda. Compare Russian пого́да (pogóda), Ukrainian пого́да (pohóda).

prognoza pogody

weather (atmospheric conditions at a specific time and place)


aneuploidia

aneuploidia (nominative singular)
aneuploidii (genitive singular)
aneuploidii (dative singular)
aneuploidię (accusative singular)
aneuploidią (instrumental singular)
aneuploidii (locative singular)
aneuploidio (singular vocative)

From aneuploid + -ia. First attested in 1956.

ref

Folia Biologica (in Polish), volume 4, number 1, 1956, page 36


obfitość

obfitość (nominative singular)
obfitości (genitive singular)
obfitości (dative singular)
obfitość (accusative singular)
obfitością (instrumental singular)
obfitości (locative singular)
obfitości (singular vocative)


jarzębina

pl-noun

jarzębina f (diminutive jarzębinka, related adjective jarzębinowy)

jarzębinka (diminutive)
jarzębinowy (adjective)
jarzębina (nominative singular)
jarzębiny (nominative plural)
jarzębiny (genitive singular)
jarzębin (genitive plural)
jarzębinie (dative singular)
jarzębinom (dative plural)
jarzębinę (accusative singular)
jarzębiny (accusative plural)
jarzębiną (instrumental singular)
jarzębinami (instrumental plural)
jarzębinie (locative singular)
jarzębinach (locative plural)
jarzębino (singular vocative)
jarzębiny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *erębina. By surface analysis, jarząb + -ina.

rowan, mountain ash (any tree of the genus Sorbus)


trachoma

trachoma (nominative singular)
trachomy (genitive singular)
trachomie (dative singular)
trachomę (accusative singular)
trachomą (instrumental singular)
trachomie (locative singular)
trachomo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin trachōma, from Ancient Greek τράχωμα (trákhōma), from τρᾱχύς (trākhús) + -ωμα (-ōma).


paleta

paleta (nominative singular)
palety (nominative plural)
palety (genitive singular)
palet (genitive plural)
palecie (dative singular)
paletom (dative plural)
paletę (accusative singular)
palety (accusative plural)
paletą (instrumental singular)
paletami (instrumental plural)
palecie (locative singular)
paletach (locative plural)
paleto (singular vocative)
palety (plural vocative)


aerofotografia

aerofotografia (nominative singular)
aerofotografii (genitive singular)
aerofotografii (dative singular)
aerofotografię (accusative singular)
aerofotografią (instrumental singular)
aerofotografii (locative singular)
aerofotografio (singular vocative)

From aero- + fotografia. First attested in 1920.

ref

Dziennik Powszechny : organ niezawisły poświęcony zagadnieniom politycznym, społecznym i kulturalnym (in Polish), volume 3, number 79, 1920 March 20, page 5

aerial photography (taking pictures of the Earth from above)


paczki

inflection of paczka:
nominative/accusative/vocative plural


aerofobia

aerofobia (nominative singular)
aerofobii (genitive singular)
aerofobii (dative singular)
aerofobię (accusative singular)
aerofobią (instrumental singular)
aerofobii (locative singular)
aerofobio (singular vocative)

From aero- + -fobia. First attested in 1892.

Bujwid Odo (1892) Wścieklizna u ludzi i leczenie zapobiegawcze : według metody Pasteur'a, page 50

(medicine) aerophobia (pathological aversion or sensitivity to air)

(travel) aerophobia (pathological aversion or sensitivity to flying)


aerodynamika

aerodynamika (nominative singular)
aerodynamiki (genitive singular)
aerodynamice (dative singular)
aerodynamikę (accusative singular)
aerodynamiką (instrumental singular)
aerodynamice (locative singular)
aerodynamiko (singular vocative)

From aero- + dynamika. First attested in 1815.

Na Popis Publiczny Uczniow Warszawskiego Liceum, Maiący się Odbywać w Pałacu Królewsko- Saskim, Dnia …, Prześwietną Publiczność Imieniem Instytutu Zaprasza Rektor Linde 1815 (in Polish), 1815, page 43


albuminuria

albuminuria (nominative singular)
albuminurii (genitive singular)
albuminurii (dative singular)
albuminurię (accusative singular)
albuminurią (instrumental singular)
albuminurii (locative singular)
albuminurio (singular vocative)

From albumina + -uria. First attested in 1848.

ref

Tygodnik Lekarski (in Polish), number 1, 1848, page 1


półka

pl-noun

półka f (diminutive półeczka, augmentative póła)

półeczka (diminutive)
póła (augmentative)
półka (nominative singular)
półki (nominative plural)
półki (genitive singular)
półek (genitive plural)
półce (dative singular)
półkom (dative plural)
półkę (accusative singular)
półki (accusative plural)
półką (instrumental singular)
półkami (instrumental plural)
półce (locative singular)
półkach (locative plural)
półko (singular vocative)
półki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *polъka. By surface analysis, pół + -ka, as in "half a piece (of wood)". Doublet of polka.


dumka

dumka (nominative singular)
dumki (nominative plural)
dumki (genitive singular)
dumek (genitive plural)
dumce (dative singular)
dumkom (dative plural)
dumkę (accusative singular)
dumki (accusative plural)
dumką (instrumental singular)
dumkami (instrumental plural)
dumce (locative singular)
dumkach (locative plural)
dumko (singular vocative)
dumki (plural vocative)

(uncountable) dumka (genre of instrumental folk music from Ukraine)

(countable) dumka (individual composition in this genre)

(countable) dumka (literary work based on such a composition)


koprofilia

koprofilia (nominative singular)
koprofilie (nominative plural)
koprofilii (genitive singular)
koprofilii (genitive plural)
koprofilij (archaic genitive plural)
koprofilii (dative singular)
koprofiliom (dative plural)
koprofilię (accusative singular)
koprofilie (accusative plural)
koprofilią (instrumental singular)
koprofiliami (instrumental plural)
koprofilii (locative singular)
koprofiliach (locative plural)
koprofilio (singular vocative)
koprofilie (plural vocative)

(psychiatry) coprophilia (marked interest in excrement; especially the paraphilia involving sexual arousal and pleasure from feces)


odpowiedzialność

odpowiedzialność (nominative singular)
odpowiedzialności (nominative plural)
odpowiedzialności (genitive singular)
odpowiedzialności (genitive plural)
odpowiedzialności (dative singular)
odpowiedzialnościom (dative plural)
odpowiedzialność (accusative singular)
odpowiedzialności (accusative plural)
odpowiedzialnością (instrumental singular)
odpowiedzialnościami (instrumental plural)
odpowiedzialności (locative singular)
odpowiedzialnościach (locative plural)
odpowiedzialności (singular vocative)
odpowiedzialności (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: òdpòwiedzalnosc (calque)

→ Silesian: ôdpowiedzialność (calque)

From odpowiedzialny + -ość. Calque of Russian отве́тственность (otvétstvennostʹ), German Verantwortlichkeit, and French responsabilité. First attested in 1790.

cal

отве́тственность

ref

Przestroga Od Posła o Zasadzie, Do Urządzenia Starostw Na Dziedzictwo, Ustanowioney (in Polish), 1790, page 2

(uncountable) responsibility (state of being responsible, accountable, or answerable)

(countable) responsibility (duty, obligation or liability for which someone is held accountable) [with za (+ accusative) ‘for what’]

(uncountable) responsibility (state of being liable, culpable, or responsible for something in particular)


angelologia

angelologia (nominative singular)
angelologii (genitive singular)
angelologii (dative singular)
angelologię (accusative singular)
angelologią (instrumental singular)
angelologii (locative singular)
angelologio (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek ἄγγελος (ángelos) + -o- + -logia. First attested in 1870.

ref

Tygodnik Katolicki (in Polish), number [T.11], № 1, 1870, page 2

Coordinate term: demonologia


teurgia

teurgia (nominative singular)
teurgii (genitive singular)
teurgii (dative singular)
teurgię (accusative singular)
teurgią (instrumental singular)
teurgii (locative singular)
teurgio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French théurgie, from Late Latin theūrgia, from Ancient Greek θεουργία (theourgía, “sorcery”), from θεός (theós, “god”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work”). First attested in 1804.

der

(occult) theurgy (form of magic designed to allow for worship or conjuration of, or communication with spirits or deities)


warstwa

pl-noun

warstwa f (diminutive warstewka, related adjective warstwowy)

warstewka (diminutive)
warstwowy (adjective)
warstwa (nominative singular)
warstwy (nominative plural)
warstwy (genitive singular)
warstw (genitive plural)
warstwie (dative singular)
warstwom (dative plural)
warstwę (accusative singular)
warstwy (accusative plural)
warstwą (instrumental singular)
warstwami (instrumental plural)
warstwie (locative singular)
warstwach (locative plural)
warstwo (singular vocative)
warstwy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vьrstva. First attested in the 16th century. Doublet of wiorsta.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “warstwa”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

layer; coat; film; coating (single thickness of some material covering a surface)

layer (item of clothing worn under or over another)

(sociology) stratum (class of society composed of people with similar social, cultural, or economic status)

(literary) layer; tier (components of a thing or phenomenon with specific features, isolated on the basis of adopted criteria)

(geology) layer, bed, stratum (layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout)


joga

joga (nominative singular)
jogi (nominative plural)
jogi (genitive singular)
jog (genitive plural)
jodze (dative singular)
jogom (dative plural)
jogę (accusative singular)
jogi (accusative plural)
jogą (instrumental singular)
jogami (instrumental plural)
jodze (locative singular)
jogach (locative plural)
jogo (singular vocative)
jogi (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit योग (yoga), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *yáwgas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáwgas, from Proto-Indo-European *yówgos, from *yewg- (“to yoke, harness, join”).


seksualność

seksualność (nominative singular)
seksualności (genitive singular)
seksualności (dative singular)
seksualność (accusative singular)
seksualnością (instrumental singular)
seksualności (locative singular)
seksualności (singular vocative)