kolos

kolos m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
kolos (nominative singular)
kolosy (nominative plural)
kolosa (genitive singular)
kolosu (genitive singular)
kolosów (genitive plural)
kolosowi (dative singular)
kolosom (dative plural)
kolos (accusative singular)
kolosa (accusative singular)
kolosy (accusative plural)
kolosem (instrumental singular)
kolosami (instrumental plural)
kolosie (locative singular)
kolosach (locative plural)
kolosie (singular vocative)
kolosy (plural vocative)

(education, university slang) midterm exam conducted mainly by a university


architektura

archit. (abbreviation)
architektura (nominative singular)
architektury (genitive singular)
architekturze (dative singular)
architekturę (accusative singular)
architekturą (instrumental singular)
architekturze (locative singular)
architekturo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Architektur, from Latin architectūra.

(architecture) architecture (art and science of designing buildings and other structures)

(architecture) architecture (buildings collectively in a given area)


muzeum

muzealny (adjective)
muzeum (nominative singular)
muzea (nominative plural)
muzeum (genitive singular)
muzeów (genitive plural)
muzeum (dative singular)
muzeom (dative plural)
muzeum (accusative singular)
muzea (accusative plural)
muzeum (instrumental singular)
muzeami (instrumental plural)
muzeum (locative singular)
muzeach (locative plural)
muzeum (singular vocative)
muzea (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English museum, French muséum, German Museum, ultimately from Latin mūsēum, from Ancient Greek Μουσεῖον (Mouseîon).

museum (building or institution dedicated to the acquisition, conservation, study, exhibition, and educational interpretation of objects having scientific, historical, cultural, or artistic value)


jatka

jatka (nominative singular)
jatki (nominative plural)
jatki (genitive singular)
jatek (genitive plural)
jatce (dative singular)
jatkom (dative plural)
jatkę (accusative singular)
jatki (accusative plural)
jatką (instrumental singular)
jatkami (instrumental plural)
jatce (locative singular)
jatkach (locative plural)
jatko (singular vocative)
jatki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jatъka. By surface analysis, jata + -ka.


kuria

kuria (nominative singular)
kurie (nominative plural)
kurii (genitive singular)
kurii (genitive plural)
kuryj (archaic genitive plural)
kurii (dative singular)
kuriom (dative plural)
kurię (accusative singular)
kurie (accusative plural)
kurią (instrumental singular)
kuriami (instrumental plural)
kurii (locative singular)
kuriach (locative plural)
kurio (singular vocative)
kurie (plural vocative)


suita

suita (nominative singular)
suity (nominative plural)
suity (genitive singular)
suit (genitive plural)
suicie (dative singular)
suitom (dative plural)
suitę (accusative singular)
suity (accusative plural)
suitą (instrumental singular)
suitami (instrumental plural)
suicie (locative singular)
suitach (locative plural)
suito (singular vocative)
suity (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French suite. Doublet of świta.

(music) suite (musical form, popular before the time of the sonata, consisting of a string or series of pieces all in the same key, mostly in various dance rhythms, with sometimes an elaborate prelude)

(theater) suite (spectacle comprising distinct scenes or stage forms)

(slang) suite (small, elegant hotel room)


komin

pl-noun

komin m inan (diminutive kominek, related adjective kominowy)

kominek (diminutive)
kominowy (adjective)
komin (nominative singular)
kominy (nominative plural)
komina (genitive singular)
kominów (genitive plural)
kominowi (dative singular)
kominom (dative plural)
komin (accusative singular)
kominy (accusative plural)
kominem (instrumental singular)
kominami (instrumental plural)
kominie (locative singular)
kominach (locative plural)
kominie (singular vocative)
kominy (plural vocative)

(architecture) chimney, flue (vertical tube or hollow column projecting from the roof of a building or placed on a steam locomotive or a ship, through which smoke, fumes, or ventilated air is emitted)

(architecture) chimney, flue (tall, free-standing industrial structure used for the discharge of flue gases)


klucz

klucz m inan (diminutive kluczyk, related adjective kluczowy)

kluczyk (diminutive)
kluczowy (adjective)
klucz (nominative singular)
klucze (nominative plural)
klucza (genitive singular)
kluczy (genitive plural)
kluczowi (dative singular)
kluczom (dative plural)
klucz (accusative singular)
klucze (accusative plural)
kluczem (instrumental singular)
kluczami (instrumental plural)
kluczu (locative singular)
kluczach (locative plural)
kluczu (singular vocative)
klucze (plural vocative)


bęben

bęben m inan (diminutive bębenek, related adjective bębnowy)

bębenek (diminutive)
bębnowy (adjective)
bęben (nominative singular)
bębeny (nominative plural)
bębenu (genitive singular)
bębenów (genitive plural)
bębenowi (dative singular)
bębenom (dative plural)
bęben (accusative singular)
bębeny (accusative plural)
bębenem (instrumental singular)
bębenami (instrumental plural)
bębenie (locative singular)
bębenach (locative plural)
bębenie (singular vocative)
bębeny (plural vocative)

(architecture) tholobate (substructure on which a dome or cupola rests)

(architecture) drum (any of the cylindrical blocks that make up the shaft of a pillar)


synagoga

synagoga f (related adjective synagogalny)

synagogalny (adjective)
synagoga (nominative singular)
synagogi (nominative plural)
synagogi (genitive singular)
synagog (genitive plural)
synagodze (dative singular)
synagogom (dative plural)
synagogę (accusative singular)
synagogi (accusative plural)
synagogą (instrumental singular)
synagogami (instrumental plural)
synagodze (locative singular)
synagogach (locative plural)
synagogo (singular vocative)
synagogi (plural vocative)

(Judaism) synagogue (Jewish house of prayer)


chór

chór m inan (diminutive chórek, related adjective chóralny or chórowy)

chórek (diminutive)
chóralny (adjective)
chórowy (adjective)
chór (nominative singular)
chóry (nominative plural)
chóru (genitive singular)
chórów (genitive plural)
chórowi (dative singular)
chórom (dative plural)
chór (accusative singular)
chóry (accusative plural)
chórem (instrumental singular)
chórami (instrumental plural)
chórze (locative singular)
chórach (locative plural)
chórze (singular vocative)
chóry (plural vocative)

(countable, architecture, Christianity) quire (one quarter of a cruciform church, or the architectural area of a church, generally used by the choir; often near the apse)

(countable, architecture, Roman Catholicism) chancel, presbytery (space around the altar in a church, often enclosed, for use by the clergy and the choir; in medieval cathedrals, the chancel was usually enclosed or blocked off from the nave by an altar screen)

(countable, architecture) quire (balcony or gallery in the palace hall intended for the orchestra)


astragal

astragal m inan (related adjective astragalowy)

astragalowy (adjective)
astragal (nominative singular)
astragale (nominative plural)
astragalu (genitive singular)
astragali (genitive plural)
astragalowi (dative singular)
astragalom (dative plural)
astragal (accusative singular)
astragale (accusative plural)
astragalem (instrumental singular)
astragalami (instrumental plural)
astragalu (locative singular)
astragalach (locative plural)
astragalu (singular vocative)
astragale (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀστράγαλος (astrágalos).

lbor

(architecture) astragal (semicircular molding separating the architrave at the top or bottom of a column)


asfalt

asfalt (nominative singular)
asfaltu (genitive singular)
asfaltowi (dative singular)
asfalt (accusative singular)
asfaltem (instrumental singular)
asfalcie (locative singular)
asfalcie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French asphalte, from Ancient Greek ἄσφαλτος (ásphaltos).


lokal

lokal (nominative singular)
lokale (nominative plural)
lokalu (genitive singular)
lokali (genitive plural)
lokalowi (dative singular)
lokalom (dative plural)
lokal (accusative singular)
lokale (accusative plural)
lokalem (instrumental singular)
lokalami (instrumental plural)
lokalu (locative singular)
lokalach (locative plural)
lokalu (singular vocative)
lokale (plural vocative)

rented real estate, especially a room in a larger building, such as a dwelling, office, or shop


Kreml

Kreml (nominative singular)
Kremla (genitive singular)
Kremlowi (dative singular)
Kreml (accusative singular)
Kremlem (instrumental singular)
Kremlu (locative singular)
Kremlu (singular vocative)

Kremlin (the Russian or Soviet government)


komora

komórka (diminutive)
komora (nominative singular)
komory (nominative plural)
komory (genitive singular)
komór (genitive plural)
komorze (dative singular)
komorom (dative plural)
komorę (accusative singular)
komory (accusative plural)
komorą (instrumental singular)
komorami (instrumental plural)
komorze (locative singular)
komorach (locative plural)
komoro (singular vocative)
komory (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: kòmòra

Learned borrowing from Latin camara, camera. Doublet of kamera.


podpora

podpórka (diminutive)
podpora (nominative singular)
podpory (nominative plural)
podpory (genitive singular)
podpór (genitive plural)
podporze (dative singular)
podporom (dative plural)
podporę (accusative singular)
podpory (accusative plural)
podporą (instrumental singular)
podporami (instrumental plural)
podporze (locative singular)
podporach (locative plural)
podporo (singular vocative)
podpory (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podъpora. By surface analysis, deverbal of podeprzeć.


młyn

młynek (diminutive)
młyn (nominative singular)
młyny (nominative plural)
młyna (genitive singular)
młynów (genitive plural)
młynowi (dative singular)
młynom (dative plural)
młyn (accusative singular)
młyny (accusative plural)
młynem (instrumental singular)
młynami (instrumental plural)
młynie (locative singular)
młynach (locative plural)
młynie (singular vocative)
młyny (plural vocative)
młójn (alternative)


pytel

pl-noun

pytel m inan (related adjective pytlowy)

pytlowy (adjective)
pytel (nominative singular)
pytle (nominative plural)
pytla (genitive singular)
pytli (genitive plural)
pytlowi (dative singular)
pytlom (dative plural)
pytel (accusative singular)
pytle (accusative plural)
pytlem (instrumental singular)
pytlami (instrumental plural)
pytlu (locative singular)
pytlach (locative plural)
pytlu (singular vocative)
pytle (plural vocative)

flour sifting bag (bag made of light, loosely woven fabric, used to sift flour after milling to remove the bran)


parkiet

parkiecik (diminutive)
parkiet (nominative singular)
parkiety (nominative plural)
parkietu (genitive singular)
parkietów (genitive plural)
parkietowi (dative singular)
parkietom (dative plural)
parkiet (accusative singular)
parkiety (accusative plural)
parkietem (instrumental singular)
parkietami (instrumental plural)
parkiecie (locative singular)
parkietach (locative plural)
parkiecie (singular vocative)
parkiety (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French parquet. For sense 2, compare Finnish parketti.


jaz

jaz (nominative singular)
jazy (nominative plural)
jazu (genitive singular)
jazów (genitive plural)
jazowi (dative singular)
jazom (dative plural)
jaz (accusative singular)
jazy (accusative plural)
jazem (instrumental singular)
jazami (instrumental plural)
jazie (locative singular)
jazach (locative plural)
jazie (singular vocative)
jazy (plural vocative)


aneks

aneks (nominative singular)
aneksy (nominative plural)
aneksu (genitive singular)
aneksów (genitive plural)
aneksowi (dative singular)
aneksom (dative plural)
aneks (accusative singular)
aneksy (accusative plural)
aneksem (instrumental singular)
aneksami (instrumental plural)
aneksie (locative singular)
aneksach (locative plural)
aneksie (singular vocative)
aneksy (plural vocative)
anneks (alternative)

Borrowed from German Annex, from Latin annexus. First attested in 1819.

ref

Kuryer Litewski (in Polish), number 118, 1819, page 5

aneks kuchenny

annex, outbuilding (building or room separate from but related to another building or room)


akademik

akademik (nominative singular)
akademiki (nominative plural)
akademika (genitive singular)
akademików (genitive plural)
akademikowi (dative singular)
akademikom (dative plural)
akademik (accusative singular)
akademiki (accusative plural)
akademikiem (instrumental singular)
akademikami (instrumental plural)
akademiku (locative singular)
akademikach (locative plural)
akademiku (singular vocative)
akademiki (plural vocative)

From akademia + -ik. First attested in the first half of the 20th century.

etydate

dormitory (building which houses students)


akademik

pl-noun

akademik m pers (female equivalent akademiczka)

akademiczka (feminine)
akademik (nominative singular)
akademicy (nominative plural)
akademiki (derogatory nominative plural)
akademika (genitive singular)
akademików (genitive plural)
akademikowi (dative singular)
akademikom (dative plural)
akademika (accusative singular)
akademików (accusative plural)
akademikiem (instrumental singular)
akademikami (instrumental plural)
akademiku (locative singular)
akademikach (locative plural)
akademiku (singular vocative)
akademicy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin acadēmicus. Sense 2, sense 4 and sense 5 are semantic loans from German Akademiker and French académicien. First attested in 1577.

sl

academic, member of an academy (member of an institution or building for the study of higher learning)


ambasada

amb. (abbreviation)
ambasada (nominative singular)
ambasady (nominative plural)
ambasady (genitive singular)
ambasad (genitive plural)
ambasadzie (dative singular)
ambasadom (dative plural)
ambasadę (accusative singular)
ambasady (accusative plural)
ambasadą (instrumental singular)
ambasadami (instrumental plural)
ambasadzie (locative singular)
ambasadach (locative plural)
ambasado (singular vocative)
ambasady (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French ambassade, ultimately from Italian ambasciata (“diplomatic mission”), which see for more. First attested in 1665–1683.

ref

Barbara Rykiel-Kempf (30.08.2007) “AMBASADA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]

embassy (people working in said institution or building)


balast

pl-noun

balast m inan (related adjective balastowy)

balastowy (adjective)
balast (nominative singular)
balasty (nominative plural)
balastu (genitive singular)
balastów (genitive plural)
balastowi (dative singular)
balastom (dative plural)
balast (accusative singular)
balasty (accusative plural)
balastem (instrumental singular)
balastami (instrumental plural)
balaście (locative singular)
balastach (locative plural)
balaście (singular vocative)
balasty (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: balaszt

→ Slovincian: balaszt

(construction) ballast (material, such as aggregate or precast concrete pavers, which employs its mass and the force of gravity to hold single-ply roof membranes in place)


legar

legar (nominative singular)
legary (nominative plural)
legara (genitive singular)
legarów (genitive plural)
legarowi (dative singular)
legarom (dative plural)
legar (accusative singular)
legary (accusative plural)
legarem (instrumental singular)
legarami (instrumental plural)
legarze (locative singular)
legarach (locative plural)
legarze (singular vocative)
legary (plural vocative)


cegła

cegła f (diminutive cegiełka, related adjective ceglany)

cegiełka (diminutive)
ceglany (adjective)
cegła (nominative singular)
cegły (nominative plural)
cegły (genitive singular)
cegieł (genitive plural)
cegle (dative singular)
cegłom (dative plural)
cegłę (accusative singular)
cegły (accusative plural)
cegłą (instrumental singular)
cegłami (instrumental plural)
cegle (locative singular)
cegłach (locative plural)
cegło (singular vocative)
cegły (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: цэ́гла (céhla)

→ Ukrainian: це́гла (céhla)

Borrowed from Middle High German ziegel, from Proto-Germanic *tigulǭ, from Latin tēgula.

(derogatory, figurative) thick and uninteresting book


jedynka

jedynka f (diminutive jedyneczka, augmentative jedyna)

jedyneczka (diminutive)
jedyna (augmentative)
jedynka (nominative singular)
jedynki (nominative plural)
jedynki (genitive singular)
jedynek (genitive plural)
jedynce (dative singular)
jedynkom (dative plural)
jedynkę (accusative singular)
jedynki (accusative plural)
jedynką (instrumental singular)
jedynkami (instrumental plural)
jedynce (locative singular)
jedynkach (locative plural)
jedynko (singular vocative)
jedynki (plural vocative)

(informal, euphemistic) number one, urine


piekło

piekiełko (diminutive)
piekło (nominative singular)
piekła (nominative plural)
piekła (genitive singular)
piekieł (genitive plural)
piekłu (dative singular)
piekłom (dative plural)
piekło (accusative singular)
piekła (accusative plural)
piekłem (instrumental singular)
piekłami (instrumental plural)
piekle (locative singular)
piekłach (locative plural)
piekło (singular vocative)
piekła (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish piekło, from Old Czech peklo, from Proto-Slavic *pьkъlъ (“tar, pitch”), from Proto-Indo-European *pik- (“pitch”).

(religion) hell (place of torment in the afterlife)

(Kielce) Synonym of czworak (“type of building”)


fabryka

fabryka f (diminutive fabryczka, related adjective fabryczny)

fabryczka (diminutive)
fabryczny (adjective)
fabryka (nominative singular)
fabryki (nominative plural)
fabryki (genitive singular)
fabryk (genitive plural)
fabryce (dative singular)
fabrykom (dative plural)
fabrykę (accusative singular)
fabryki (accusative plural)
fabryką (instrumental singular)
fabrykami (instrumental plural)
fabryce (locative singular)
fabrykach (locative plural)
fabryko (singular vocative)
fabryki (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: фа́брыка (fábryka)

→ Kashubian: fabrika, fabrëka

→? Russian: фа́брика (fábrika)

→ Ukrainian: фа́брика (fábryka)

Learned borrowing from Latin fabrica. First attested in 1564. Compare Silesian fabryka.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “fabryka”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

factory, plant (building or other place where manufacturing takes place)


zakład

zakładzik (diminutive)
zakład (nominative singular)
zakłady (nominative plural)
zakładu (genitive singular)
zakładów (genitive plural)
zakładowi (dative singular)
zakładom (dative plural)
zakład (accusative singular)
zakłady (accusative plural)
zakładem (instrumental singular)
zakładami (instrumental plural)
zakładzie (locative singular)
zakładach (locative plural)
zakładzie (singular vocative)
zakłady (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish zakład. By surface analysis, deverbal of zakładać. Compare Kashubian zakłôd and Slovincian zaklod.

surf

facility; institution, establishment, undertaking; factory, plant (economic unit dealing with the production and sale of something or performing some service)

(obsolete, construction) layout, plan, design (drawing or idea of a building which will be followed)


betonowy

pl-adj

betonowy (not comparable, no derived adverb)

betonowy (masculine nominative singular)
betonowa (feminine nominative singular)
betonowe (neuter nominative singular)
betonowi (nominative plural virile)
betonowe (nominative plural)
betonowego (genitive masculine singular)
betonowej (feminine genitive singular)
betonowego (genitive neuter singular)
betonowych (genitive plural)
betonowych (genitive plural virile)
betonowemu (dative masculine singular)
betonowej (dative feminine singular)
betonowemu (dative neuter singular)
betonowym (dative plural)
betonowym (dative plural virile)
betonowego (accusative animate masculine singular)
betonowy (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
betonową (accusative feminine singular)
betonowe (accusative neuter singular)
betonowych (accusative plural virile)
betonowe (accusative plural)
betonowym (instrumental masculine singular)
betonową (feminine instrumental singular)
betonowym (instrumental neuter singular)
betonowymi (instrumental plural)
betonowymi (instrumental plural virile)
betonowym (locative masculine singular)
betonowej (feminine locative singular)
betonowym (locative neuter singular)
betonowych (locative plural)
betonowych (locative plural virile)

betonowy kandydat

(colloquial, derogatory, relational) stick in the mud, old fogey (a person or organization who is slow, old-fashioned, or unprogressive)


drewno

drewno (nominative singular)
drewna (nominative plural)
drewna (genitive singular)
drewien (genitive plural)
drewnu (dative singular)
drewnom (dative plural)
drewno (accusative singular)
drewna (accusative plural)
drewnem (instrumental singular)
drewnami (instrumental plural)
drewnie (locative singular)
drewnach (locative plural)
drewno (singular vocative)
drewna (plural vocative)

(uncountable) wood (substance making up the central part of the trunk and branches of a tree used as a material for construction, to manufacture various items, etc. or as fuel)

(Middle Polish, derogatory) wooden idol (object of religious worship made of wood, usually of pagan gods and images of Christ worshipped by Catholics in religious polemics between Protestants and Catholics)


puszka

pl-noun

puszka f (diminutive puszeczka, augmentative pucha, related adjective puszkowy)

puszeczka (diminutive)
pucha (augmentative)
puszkowy (adjective)
puszka (nominative singular)
puszki (nominative plural)
puszki (genitive singular)
puszek (genitive plural)
puszce (dative singular)
puszkom (dative plural)
puszkę (accusative singular)
puszki (accusative plural)
puszką (instrumental singular)
puszkami (instrumental plural)
puszce (locative singular)
puszkach (locative plural)
puszko (singular vocative)
puszki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Czech puška. Doublet of boks.


markiza

markizowy (adjective)
markiza (nominative singular)
markizy (nominative plural)
markizy (genitive singular)
markiz (genitive plural)
markizie (dative singular)
markizom (dative plural)
markizę (accusative singular)
markizy (accusative plural)
markizą (instrumental singular)
markizami (instrumental plural)
markizie (locative singular)
markizach (locative plural)
markizo (singular vocative)
markizy (plural vocative)

(architecture) awning (covering attached to the exterior wall of a building)


peron

peron m inan (related adjective peronowy)

peronowy (adjective)
peron (nominative singular)
perony (nominative plural)
peronu (genitive singular)
peronów (genitive plural)
peronowi (dative singular)
peronom (dative plural)
peron (accusative singular)
perony (accusative plural)
peronem (instrumental singular)
peronami (instrumental plural)
peronie (locative singular)
peronach (locative plural)
peronie (singular vocative)
perony (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French perron. Compare German Perron.

platform (raised structure or other area alongside rails or a driveway alongside which vehicles stop to take in and discharge passengers)


kostka

kosteczka (diminutive)
kostka (nominative singular)
kostki (nominative plural)
kostki (genitive singular)
kostek (genitive plural)
kostce (dative singular)
kostkom (dative plural)
kostkę (accusative singular)
kostki (accusative plural)
kostką (instrumental singular)
kostkami (instrumental plural)
kostce (locative singular)
kostkach (locative plural)
kostko (singular vocative)
kostki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kostъka (“small bone”), since dice were made of bones (Proto-Slavic *kostь). By surface analysis, kość + -ka.

inh+

(colloquial, computing, electronics) chip, microchip, computer chip, integrated circuit (small electronic device made up of multiple interconnected electronic components such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors)


iglica

igliczka (diminutive)
iglica (nominative singular)
iglice (nominative plural)
iglicy (genitive singular)
iglic (genitive plural)
iglicy (dative singular)
iglicom (dative plural)
iglicę (accusative singular)
iglice (accusative plural)
iglicą (instrumental singular)
iglicami (instrumental plural)
iglicy (locative singular)
iglicach (locative plural)
iglico (singular vocative)
iglice (plural vocative)


stanica

stanica (nominative singular)
stanice (nominative plural)
stanicy (genitive singular)
stanic (genitive plural)
stanicy (dative singular)
stanicom (dative plural)
stanicę (accusative singular)
stanice (accusative plural)
stanicą (instrumental singular)
stanicami (instrumental plural)
stanicy (locative singular)
stanicach (locative plural)
stanico (singular vocative)
stanice (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish stanica. By surface analysis, stan + -ica. Sense 3 is a semantic loan from Russian стани́ца (staníca).

sl

(historical, chiefly in the plural, paganism) ensign used by pagan Slavs


architekt

pl-noun

architekt m pers (female equivalent architekt or architektka)

architekt (feminine)
architektka (feminine)
architekt (nominative singular)
architekci (nominative plural)
architekty (derogatory nominative plural)
architekta (genitive singular)
architektów (genitive plural)
architektowi (dative singular)
architektom (dative plural)
architekta (accusative singular)
architektów (accusative plural)
architektem (instrumental singular)
architektami (instrumental plural)
architekcie (locative singular)
architektach (locative plural)
architekcie (singular vocative)
architekci (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin architectus, from Ancient Greek ἀρχιτέκτων (arkhitéktōn).

lbor

architect (a professional who designs buildings or other structures, or who prepares plans and superintends construction)

architect (a person who plans, devises or contrives the achievement of a desired result)


betonit

betonit (nominative singular)
betonity (nominative plural)
betonitu (genitive singular)
betonitów (genitive plural)
betonitowi (dative singular)
betonitom (dative plural)
betonit (accusative singular)
betonity (accusative plural)
betonitem (instrumental singular)
betonitami (instrumental plural)
betonicie (locative singular)
betonitach (locative plural)
betonicie (singular vocative)
betonity (plural vocative)


melina

melina (nominative singular)
meliny (nominative plural)
meliny (genitive singular)
melin (genitive plural)
melinie (dative singular)
melinom (dative plural)
melinę (accusative singular)
meliny (accusative plural)
meliną (instrumental singular)
melinami (instrumental plural)
melinie (locative singular)
melinach (locative plural)
melino (singular vocative)
meliny (plural vocative)

(colloquial, derogatory) den, hideout (place where illegal wares are stored and sold)

(colloquial, derogatory) a decrepit, sleazy dwelling or establishment

(slang, humorous) a room that houses a party during a group excursion


lazaret

pl-noun

lazaret m inan (related adjective lazaretowy)

lazaretowy (adjective)
lazaret (nominative singular)
lazarety (nominative plural)
lazaretu (genitive singular)
lazaretów (genitive plural)
lazaretowi (dative singular)
lazaretom (dative plural)
lazaret (accusative singular)
lazarety (accusative plural)
lazaretem (instrumental singular)
lazaretami (instrumental plural)
lazarecie (locative singular)
lazaretach (locative plural)
lazarecie (singular vocative)
lazarety (plural vocative)
łazaret (alternative)

(historical) lazaretto, lazaret, lazarette (building such as a hospital, or occasionally a ship, used to temporarily isolate sick people to prevent the spread of infectious diseases)

(historical) lazaretto, leprosarium, leprosery, leper colony (medical facility specializing in treating contagious diseases, especially leprosy)


jama

jama (nominative singular)
jamy (nominative plural)
jamy (genitive singular)
jam (genitive plural)
jamie (dative singular)
jamom (dative plural)
jamę (accusative singular)
jamy (accusative plural)
jamą (instrumental singular)
jamami (instrumental plural)
jamie (locative singular)
jamach (locative plural)
jamo (singular vocative)
jamy (plural vocative)


pokój

pokój m inan (diminutive pokoik, related adjective pokojowy, abbreviation p. or pok.)

pokoik (diminutive)
pokojowy (adjective)
p. (abbreviation)
pok. (abbreviation)
pokój (nominative singular)
pokoje (nominative plural)
pokoju (genitive singular)
pokojów (genitive plural)
pokoi (genitive plural)
pokojowi (dative singular)
pokojom (dative plural)
pokój (accusative singular)
pokoje (accusative plural)
pokojem (instrumental singular)
pokojami (instrumental plural)
pokoju (locative singular)
pokojach (locative plural)
pokoju (singular vocative)
pokoje (plural vocative)

+obj

(uncountable) peace (time without war) [with między (+ instrumental) ‘between whom’]


gówno

gówienko (diminutive)
gówno (nominative singular)
gówna (nominative plural)
gówna (genitive singular)
gówien (genitive plural)
gównu (dative singular)
gównom (dative plural)
gówno (accusative singular)
gówna (accusative plural)
gównem (instrumental singular)
gównami (instrumental plural)
gównie (locative singular)
gównach (locative plural)
gówno (singular vocative)
gówna (plural vocative)
g*wno (alternative)
g***o (alternative)
g**no (alternative)

Wszedłem w psie gówno.


srać

srać (infinitive)
sram (present singular)
sramy (plural present)
srasz (present singular)
sracie (plural present)
sra (present singular third-person)
srają (plural present third-person)
sra się (impersonal present)
srałem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m srał (masculine past singular)
srałam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m srała (feminine past singular)
srałom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m srało (neuter past singular)
sraliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy srali (past plural virile)
srałyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy srały (nonvirile past plural)
srałeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś srał (masculine past singular)
srałaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś srała (feminine past singular)
srałoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś srało (neuter past singular)
sraliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście srali (past plural virile)
srałyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście srały (nonvirile past plural)
srał (masculine past singular third-person)
srała (feminine past singular third-person)
srało (neuter past singular third-person)
srali (past plural third-person virile)
srały (nonvirile past plural third-person)
srano (impersonal past)
będę srał (future masculine singular)
będę srać (future masculine singular)
będę srała (feminine future singular)
będę srać (feminine future singular)
będę srało (future neuter singular)
będę srać (future neuter singular)
będziemy srali (future plural virile)
będziemy srać (future plural virile)
będziemy srały (future nonvirile plural)
będziemy srać (future nonvirile plural)
będziesz srał (future masculine singular)
będziesz srać (future masculine singular)
będziesz srała (feminine future singular)
będziesz srać (feminine future singular)
będziesz srało (future neuter singular)
będziesz srać (future neuter singular)
będziecie srali (future plural virile)
będziecie srać (future plural virile)
będziecie srały (future nonvirile plural)
będziecie srać (future nonvirile plural)
będzie srał (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie srać (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie srała (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie srać (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie srało (future neuter singular third-person)
będzie srać (future neuter singular third-person)
będą srali (future plural third-person virile)
będą srać (future plural third-person virile)
będą srały (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będą srać (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będzie srać się (future impersonal)
srałbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym srał (conditional masculine singular)
srałabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym srała (conditional feminine singular)
srałobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym srało (conditional neuter singular)
sralibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy srali (conditional plural virile)
srałybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy srały (conditional nonvirile plural)
srałbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś srał (conditional masculine singular)
srałabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś srała (conditional feminine singular)
srałobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś srało (conditional neuter singular)
sralibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście srali (conditional plural virile)
srałybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście srały (conditional nonvirile plural)
srałby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by srał (conditional masculine singular third-person)
srałaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by srała (conditional feminine singular third-person)
srałoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by srało (conditional neuter singular third-person)
sraliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by srali (conditional plural third-person virile)
srałyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by srały (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
srano by (conditional impersonal)
niech sram (imperative singular)
srajmy (imperative plural)
sraj (imperative singular)
srajcie (imperative plural)
niech sra (imperative singular third-person)
niech srają (imperative plural third-person)
srający (active adjectival masculine participle singular)
srająca (active adjectival feminine participle singular)
srające (active adjectival neuter participle singular)
srający (active adjectival participle plural virile)
srające (active adjectival nonvirile participle plural)
srany (adjectival masculine participle passive singular)
srana (adjectival feminine participle passive singular)
srane (adjectival neuter participle passive singular)
srani (adjectival participle passive plural virile)
srane (adjectival nonvirile participle passive plural)
srając (adjectival contemporary participle)
sranie (noun-from-verb)
srać (infinitive)
siorę (present singular)
sierzemy (plural present)
sierzesz (present singular)
sierzecie (plural present)
sierze (present singular third-person)
siorą (plural present third-person)
sierze się (impersonal present)
srałem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m srał (masculine past singular)
srałam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m srała (feminine past singular)
srałom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m srało (neuter past singular)
sraliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy srali (past plural virile)
srałyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy srały (nonvirile past plural)
srałeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś srał (masculine past singular)
srałaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś srała (feminine past singular)
srałoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś srało (neuter past singular)
sraliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście srali (past plural virile)
srałyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście srały (nonvirile past plural)
srał (masculine past singular third-person)
srała (feminine past singular third-person)
srało (neuter past singular third-person)
srali (past plural third-person virile)
srały (nonvirile past plural third-person)
srano (impersonal past)
będę srał (future masculine singular)
będę srać (future masculine singular)
będę srała (feminine future singular)
będę srać (feminine future singular)
będę srało (future neuter singular)
będę srać (future neuter singular)
będziemy srali (future plural virile)
będziemy srać (future plural virile)
będziemy srały (future nonvirile plural)
będziemy srać (future nonvirile plural)
będziesz srał (future masculine singular)
będziesz srać (future masculine singular)
będziesz srała (feminine future singular)
będziesz srać (feminine future singular)
będziesz srało (future neuter singular)
będziesz srać (future neuter singular)
będziecie srali (future plural virile)
będziecie srać (future plural virile)
będziecie srały (future nonvirile plural)
będziecie srać (future nonvirile plural)
będzie srał (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie srać (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie srała (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie srać (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie srało (future neuter singular third-person)
będzie srać (future neuter singular third-person)
będą srali (future plural third-person virile)
będą srać (future plural third-person virile)
będą srały (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będą srać (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będzie srać się (future impersonal)
srałbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym srał (conditional masculine singular)
srałabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym srała (conditional feminine singular)
srałobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym srało (conditional neuter singular)
sralibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy srali (conditional plural virile)
srałybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy srały (conditional nonvirile plural)
srałbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś srał (conditional masculine singular)
srałabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś srała (conditional feminine singular)
srałobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś srało (conditional neuter singular)
sralibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście srali (conditional plural virile)
srałybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście srały (conditional nonvirile plural)
srałby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by srał (conditional masculine singular third-person)
srałaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by srała (conditional feminine singular third-person)
srałoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by srało (conditional neuter singular third-person)
sraliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by srali (conditional plural third-person virile)
srałyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by srały (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
srano by (conditional impersonal)
niech siorę (imperative singular)
sierzmy (imperative plural)
sierz (imperative singular)
sierzcie (imperative plural)
niech sierze (imperative singular third-person)
niech siorą (imperative plural third-person)
siorący (active adjectival masculine participle singular)
siorąca (active adjectival feminine participle singular)
siorące (active adjectival neuter participle singular)
siorący (active adjectival participle plural virile)
siorące (active adjectival nonvirile participle plural)
srany (adjectival masculine participle passive singular)
srana (adjectival feminine participle passive singular)
srane (adjectival neuter participle passive singular)
srani (adjectival participle passive plural virile)
srane (adjectival nonvirile participle passive plural)
siorąc (adjectival contemporary participle)
sranie (noun-from-verb)

Inherited from Old Polish srać, from Proto-Slavic *sьrati (stem *ser-).

Przed skokiem ze spadochronem srałem się jak nigdy.

Before the parachute jump I was freaking out like never before.

(reflexive with się, vulgar) to freak out, to be very afraid


strych

stryszek (diminutive)
strych (nominative singular)
strychy (nominative plural)
strychu (genitive singular)
strychów (genitive plural)
strychowi (dative singular)
strychom (dative plural)
strych (accusative singular)
strychy (accusative plural)
strychem (instrumental singular)
strychami (instrumental plural)
strychu (locative singular)
strychach (locative plural)
strychu (singular vocative)
strychy (plural vocative)
strycha (alternative)

Inherited from Old Polish strych, from Middle High German esterîch, esterich, estrich, from Medieval Latin astracus, astricus, from Ancient Greek ὄστρακον (óstrakon).


obiekt

pl-noun

obiekt m inan (diminutive obiekcik, related adjective obiektowy)

obiekcik (diminutive)
obiektowy (adjective)
obiekt (nominative singular)
obiekty (nominative plural)
obiektu (genitive singular)
obiektów (genitive plural)
obiektowi (dative singular)
obiektom (dative plural)
obiekt (accusative singular)
obiekty (accusative plural)
obiektem (instrumental singular)
obiektami (instrumental plural)
obiekcie (locative singular)
obiektach (locative plural)
obiekcie (singular vocative)
obiekty (plural vocative)
objekt (alternative)

→ Kashubian: obiekt

Borrowed from German Objekt. First attested in 1743.

ref

Wiesław Morawski (22.01.2021) “OBIEKT”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]

facility (building or group of buildings; also: off-road facilities)


apteka

apteka (nominative singular)
apteki (nominative plural)
apteki (genitive singular)
aptek (genitive plural)
aptece (dative singular)
aptekom (dative plural)
aptekę (accusative singular)
apteki (accusative plural)
apteką (instrumental singular)
aptekami (instrumental plural)
aptece (locative singular)
aptekach (locative plural)
apteko (singular vocative)
apteki (plural vocative)
apoteka (alternative)
aptyka (alternative)
japtyka (alternative)
hapteka (alternative)
aptéka (alternative)
apotéka (alternative)
aptéka (alternative)

→ Belarusian: аптэ́ка (aptéka)

→ Kashubian: aptéka

→ Russian: апте́ка (aptéka) (see there for further descendants)

→ Slovincian: aptéka

→ Ukrainian: апте́ка (aptéka)

Inherited from Old Polish apoteka. Doublet of butik.

(pharmacy) pharmacy (place where prescription drugs are dispensed)

(Middle Polish) book of prescriptions and treatments

Tata kupił wczoraj leki w aptece.

Dad bought medicine yesterday at the pharmacy

(obsolete, humorous) outhouse (outbuilding containing a toilet)


namiot

namiocik (diminutive)
namiot (nominative singular)
namioty (nominative plural)
namiotu (genitive singular)
namiotów (genitive plural)
namiotowi (dative singular)
namiotom (dative plural)
namiot (accusative singular)
namioty (accusative plural)
namiotem (instrumental singular)
namiotami (instrumental plural)
namiocie (locative singular)
namiotach (locative plural)
namiocie (singular vocative)
namioty (plural vocative)

→ Ukrainian: наме́т (namét)


paka

paka (nominative singular)
paki (nominative plural)
paki (genitive singular)
pak (genitive plural)
pace (dative singular)
pakom (dative plural)
pakę (accusative singular)
paki (accusative plural)
paką (instrumental singular)
pakami (instrumental plural)
pace (locative singular)
pakach (locative plural)
pako (singular vocative)
paki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Pack, from Low German pack, from Middle Low German pak, from Old Saxon *pakko, from Proto-Germanic *pakkô.

(colloquial) semi-trailer (trailer without a front axle)


paka

Borrowed from Spanish paca, from Guaraní paka.

paca (any rodent of the genus Cuniculus)


opactwo

opactwo (nominative singular)
opactwa (nominative plural)
opactwa (genitive singular)
opactw (genitive plural)
opactwu (dative singular)
opactwom (dative plural)
opactwo (accusative singular)
opactwa (accusative plural)
opactwem (instrumental singular)
opactwami (instrumental plural)
opactwie (locative singular)
opactwach (locative plural)
opactwo (singular vocative)
opactwa (plural vocative)

(Roman Catholicism) abbey (monastery headed by an abbot)


kościół

pl-noun

kościół m inan (diminutive kościółek, related adjective kościelny)

kościółek (diminutive)
kościelny (adjective)
kościół (nominative singular)
kościoły (nominative plural)
kościoła (genitive singular)
kościołów (genitive plural)
kościołowi (dative singular)
kościołom (dative plural)
kościół (accusative singular)
kościoły (accusative plural)
kościołem (instrumental singular)
kościołami (instrumental plural)
kościele (locative singular)
kościołach (locative plural)
kościele (singular vocative)
kościoły (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: касцёл (kascjól)

→ Kashubian: kòscół

→ Russian: костёл (kostjól)

→ Slovincian: kôscól

→ Ukrainian: костьо́л (kostʹól)

→ Yiddish: קאָשטשאָל (koshtshol)

/ˈkɔɕ.t͡ɕoɫ/

[ˈkɔɕ.t͡ɕuɫ]

Inherited from Old Polish kościół. Doublet of kasztel.

dobrego i karczma nie zepsuje, a złego i kościół nie naprawi

(Christianity) church (Christian house of worship, usually with reference to Catholicism)


piętro

pięterko (diminutive)
piętro (nominative singular)
piętra (nominative plural)
piętra (genitive singular)
pięter (genitive plural)
piętr (genitive plural)
piętru (dative singular)
piętrom (dative plural)
piętro (accusative singular)
piętra (accusative plural)
piętrem (instrumental singular)
piętrami (instrumental plural)
piętrze (locative singular)
piętrach (locative plural)
piętro (singular vocative)
piętra (plural vocative)


kondygnacja

kondygnacja (nominative singular)
kondygnacje (nominative plural)
kondygnacji (genitive singular)
kondygnacji (genitive plural)
kondygnacyj (archaic genitive plural)
kondygnacji (dative singular)
kondygnacjom (dative plural)
kondygnację (accusative singular)
kondygnacje (accusative plural)
kondygnacją (instrumental singular)
kondygnacjami (instrumental plural)
kondygnacji (locative singular)
kondygnacjach (locative plural)
kondygnacjo (singular vocative)
kondygnacje (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin contignātiō.


mieszkać

mieszkać (infinitive)
mieszkam (present singular)
mieszkamy (plural present)
mieszkasz (present singular)
mieszkacie (plural present)
mieszka (present singular third-person)
mieszkają (plural present third-person)
mieszka się (impersonal present)
mieszkałem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m mieszkał (masculine past singular)
mieszkałam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m mieszkała (feminine past singular)
mieszkałom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m mieszkało (neuter past singular)
mieszkaliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy mieszkali (past plural virile)
mieszkałyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy mieszkały (nonvirile past plural)
mieszkałeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś mieszkał (masculine past singular)
mieszkałaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś mieszkała (feminine past singular)
mieszkałoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś mieszkało (neuter past singular)
mieszkaliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście mieszkali (past plural virile)
mieszkałyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście mieszkały (nonvirile past plural)
mieszkał (masculine past singular third-person)
mieszkała (feminine past singular third-person)
mieszkało (neuter past singular third-person)
mieszkali (past plural third-person virile)
mieszkały (nonvirile past plural third-person)
mieszkano (impersonal past)
będę mieszkał (future masculine singular)
będę mieszkać (future masculine singular)
będę mieszkała (feminine future singular)
będę mieszkać (feminine future singular)
będę mieszkało (future neuter singular)
będę mieszkać (future neuter singular)
będziemy mieszkali (future plural virile)
będziemy mieszkać (future plural virile)
będziemy mieszkały (future nonvirile plural)
będziemy mieszkać (future nonvirile plural)
będziesz mieszkał (future masculine singular)
będziesz mieszkać (future masculine singular)
będziesz mieszkała (feminine future singular)
będziesz mieszkać (feminine future singular)
będziesz mieszkało (future neuter singular)
będziesz mieszkać (future neuter singular)
będziecie mieszkali (future plural virile)
będziecie mieszkać (future plural virile)
będziecie mieszkały (future nonvirile plural)
będziecie mieszkać (future nonvirile plural)
będzie mieszkał (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie mieszkać (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie mieszkała (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie mieszkać (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie mieszkało (future neuter singular third-person)
będzie mieszkać (future neuter singular third-person)
będą mieszkali (future plural third-person virile)
będą mieszkać (future plural third-person virile)
będą mieszkały (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będą mieszkać (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będzie mieszkać się (future impersonal)
mieszkałbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym mieszkał (conditional masculine singular)
mieszkałabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym mieszkała (conditional feminine singular)
mieszkałobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym mieszkało (conditional neuter singular)
mieszkalibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy mieszkali (conditional plural virile)
mieszkałybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy mieszkały (conditional nonvirile plural)
mieszkałbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś mieszkał (conditional masculine singular)
mieszkałabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś mieszkała (conditional feminine singular)
mieszkałobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś mieszkało (conditional neuter singular)
mieszkalibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście mieszkali (conditional plural virile)
mieszkałybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście mieszkały (conditional nonvirile plural)
mieszkałby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by mieszkał (conditional masculine singular third-person)
mieszkałaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by mieszkała (conditional feminine singular third-person)
mieszkałoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by mieszkało (conditional neuter singular third-person)
mieszkaliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by mieszkali (conditional plural third-person virile)
mieszkałyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by mieszkały (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
mieszkano by (conditional impersonal)
niech mieszkam (imperative singular)
mieszkajmy (imperative plural)
mieszkaj (imperative singular)
mieszkajcie (imperative plural)
niech mieszka (imperative singular third-person)
niech mieszkają (imperative plural third-person)
mieszkający (active adjectival masculine participle singular)
mieszkająca (active adjectival feminine participle singular)
mieszkające (active adjectival neuter participle singular)
mieszkający (active adjectival participle plural virile)
mieszkające (active adjectival nonvirile participle plural)
mieszkając (adjectival contemporary participle)
mieszkanie (noun-from-verb)
mięszkać (alternative)

(intransitive, Middle Polish or dialectal, Żywiec) to be late


sklep

pl-noun

sklep m inan (diminutive sklepik, related adjective sklepowy)

sklepik (diminutive)
sklepowy (adjective)
sklep (nominative singular)
sklepy (nominative plural)
sklepu (genitive singular)
sklepów (genitive plural)
sklepowi (dative singular)
sklepom (dative plural)
sklep (accusative singular)
sklepy (accusative plural)
sklepem (instrumental singular)
sklepami (instrumental plural)
sklepie (locative singular)
sklepach (locative plural)
sklepie (singular vocative)
sklepy (plural vocative)
śćklep (alternative)

→ Ukrainian: склеп (sklep)

→ Russian: склеп (sklep)

→ English: Polski sklep

Inherited from Old Polish sklep (“vault”). By surface analysis, deverbal of sklepić.

surf

(obsolete) warehouse (building with good with access directly to the street)


butik

butik (nominative singular)
butiki (nominative plural)
butiku (genitive singular)
butików (genitive plural)
butikowi (dative singular)
butikom (dative plural)
butik (accusative singular)
butiki (accusative plural)
butikiem (instrumental singular)
butikami (instrumental plural)
butiku (locative singular)
butikach (locative plural)
butiku (singular vocative)
butiki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French boutique. Doublet of apteka.

boutique (small shop, especially one that sells fashionable clothes, jewelry and the like)


więzienie

pl-noun

więzienie n (related adjective więzienny)

więzienny (adjective)
więzienie (nominative singular)
więzienia (nominative plural)
więzienia (genitive singular)
więzień (genitive plural)
więzieniu (dative singular)
więzieniom (dative plural)
więzienie (accusative singular)
więzienia (accusative plural)
więzieniem (instrumental singular)
więzieniami (instrumental plural)
więzieniu (locative singular)
więzieniach (locative plural)
więzienie (singular vocative)
więzienia (plural vocative)

/vjɛw̃ˈʑɛ.ɲɛ/

/vjɛɲˈʑɛ.ɲɛ/

/vjɛ̃ˈʑɛ.ɲe/

Inherited from Old Polish więzienie (noun). By surface analysis, więzić + -enie.

inh+

(countable) jail, prison (place of long-term confinement for those convicted of serious crimes)


burdel

burdelik (diminutive)
burdel (nominative singular)
burdele (nominative plural)
burdelu (genitive singular)
burdeli (genitive plural)
burdelów (genitive plural)
burdelowi (dative singular)
burdelom (dative plural)
burdel (accusative singular)
burdele (accusative plural)
burdelem (instrumental singular)
burdelami (instrumental plural)
burdelu (locative singular)
burdelach (locative plural)
burdelu (singular vocative)
burdele (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French bordel, from Middle French bordel, from Old French bordel, from Medieval Latin bordellum (“brothel, small hut”).


policja

policyjny (adjective)
policja (nominative singular)
policje (nominative plural)
policji (genitive singular)
policji (genitive plural)
policyj (archaic genitive plural)
policji (dative singular)
policjom (dative plural)
policję (accusative singular)
policje (accusative plural)
policją (instrumental singular)
policjami (instrumental plural)
policji (locative singular)
policjach (locative plural)
policjo (singular vocative)
policje (plural vocative)
policyja (alternative)
policya (alternative)

→ Belarusian: палі́цыя (palícyja)

→ Kashubian: pòlicjô

→ Russian: поли́ция (polícija)

→ Ukrainian: полі́ція (polícija)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin polītīa, later reinforced by French police. First attested in 1525. Compare Silesian policyjŏ.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “policyja”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(Middle Polish) administration, management

(Middle Polish) country, nation
(Middle Polish) republic


urząd

urzędzik (diminutive)
urząd (nominative singular)
urzędy (nominative plural)
urzędu (genitive singular)
urzędów (genitive plural)
urzędowi (dative singular)
urzędom (dative plural)
urząd (accusative singular)
urzędy (accusative plural)
urzędem (instrumental singular)
urzędami (instrumental plural)
urzędzie (locative singular)
urzędach (locative plural)
urzędzie (singular vocative)
urzędy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *urędъ. By surface analysis, deverbal of urządzić. Compare with Czech úřad, Serbo-Croatian úred, and Ukrainian у́ряд (úrjad).

surf

bureau, office, public office (administrative unit)


skrzydło

skrzydełko (diminutive)
skrzydło (nominative singular)
skrzydła (nominative plural)
skrzydła (genitive singular)
skrzydeł (genitive plural)
skrzydłu (dative singular)
skrzydłom (dative plural)
skrzydło (accusative singular)
skrzydła (accusative plural)
skrzydłem (instrumental singular)
skrzydłami (instrumental plural)
skrzydle (locative singular)
skrzydłach (locative plural)
skrzydło (singular vocative)
skrzydła (plural vocative)
krzydło (alternative)

(Southern Greater Poland, construction) Synonym of zastrzał (“stirrup, strut”)


szyja

pl-noun

szyja f (diminutive szyjka, related adjective szyjny)

szyjka (diminutive)
szyjny (adjective)
szyja (nominative singular)
szyje (nominative plural)
szyi (genitive singular)
szyj (genitive plural)
szyi (dative singular)
szyjom (dative plural)
szyję (accusative singular)
szyje (accusative plural)
szyją (instrumental singular)
szyjami (instrumental plural)
szyi (locative singular)
szyjach (locative plural)
szyjo (singular vocative)
szyje (plural vocative)
syja (alternative)

(architecture) passage sheltered on both sides by walls, connecting a gate with a protruding fortification


slums

slums (nominative singular)
slumsy (nominative plural)
slumsu (genitive singular)
slumsów (genitive plural)
slumsowi (dative singular)
slumsom (dative plural)
slums (accusative singular)
slumsy (accusative plural)
slumsem (instrumental singular)
slumsami (instrumental plural)
slumsie (locative singular)
slumsach (locative plural)
slumsie (singular vocative)
slumsy (plural vocative)


pecka

(Eastern Kraków, construction) stone or block that is placed under a sill plate

(Biecz, construction) foundation trunk (oak trunk that is dug into one of the four corners of a house that acts as a foundation)


warunek

waruneczek (diminutive)
warunek (nominative singular)
warunki (nominative plural)
warunku (genitive singular)
warunków (genitive plural)
warunkowi (dative singular)
warunkom (dative plural)
warunek (accusative singular)
warunki (accusative plural)
warunkiem (instrumental singular)
warunkami (instrumental plural)
warunku (locative singular)
warunkach (locative plural)
warunku (singular vocative)
warunki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish warunek, warunk. Compare German Wahrung.

inh+

(university slang) conditional promotion


wróbel

pl-noun

wróbel m animal (female equivalent wróblica, diminutive wróbelek, augmentative wróblisko, related adjective wróbli or wróblowy)

wróblica (feminine)
wróbelek (diminutive)
wróblisko (augmentative)
wróbli (adjective)
wróblowy (adjective)
wróbel (nominative singular)
wróble (nominative plural)
wróbla (genitive singular)
wróbli (genitive plural)
wróblowi (dative singular)
wróblom (dative plural)
wróbla (accusative singular)
wróble (accusative plural)
wróblem (instrumental singular)
wróblami (instrumental plural)
wróblu (locative singular)
wróblach (locative plural)
wróblu (singular vocative)
wróble (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish wrobl, from Proto-Slavic *vorbьľь.

(Chełmno, construction) row of sheaves arranged on top in a standing position


jaskółka

jaskółeczka (diminutive)
jaskółka (nominative singular)
jaskółki (nominative plural)
jaskółki (genitive singular)
jaskółek (genitive plural)
jaskółce (dative singular)
jaskółkom (dative plural)
jaskółkę (accusative singular)
jaskółki (accusative plural)
jaskółką (instrumental singular)
jaskółkami (instrumental plural)
jaskółce (locative singular)
jaskółkach (locative plural)
jaskółko (singular vocative)
jaskółki (plural vocative)
lastówka (alternative)

(architecture, obsolete, theater) gods, paradise (the upper gallery in a theatre)


zięba

zięba (nominative singular)
zięby (nominative plural)
zięby (genitive singular)
zięb (genitive plural)
ziębie (dative singular)
ziębom (dative plural)
ziębę (accusative singular)
zięby (accusative plural)
ziębą (instrumental singular)
ziębami (instrumental plural)
ziębie (locative singular)
ziębach (locative plural)
ziębo (singular vocative)
zięby (plural vocative)

Fringilla coelebs
Fringilla coelebs#Translingual

any finch of the genus Fringilla, especially the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs)


poczta

pocztowy (adjective)
poczta (nominative singular)
poczty (nominative plural)
poczty (genitive singular)
poczt (genitive plural)
poczcie (dative singular)
pocztom (dative plural)
pocztę (accusative singular)
poczty (accusative plural)
pocztą (instrumental singular)
pocztami (instrumental plural)
poczcie (locative singular)
pocztach (locative plural)
poczto (singular vocative)
poczty (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: по́шта (póšta)

→ Kashubian: pòczta

→ Lithuanian: paštas

desctree

→ Russian: по́чта (póčta)
→ Abkhaz: аԥошьҭа (apošta)
→ Azerbaijani: poçt
→ Armenian: փոշտ (pʻošt)
→ Chamalal: поч (poč)
→ Ingush: пошт (pošt)
→ Georgian: ფოშტა (pošṭa), ფოჩტა (počṭa)
→ Kazakh: пошта (poşta)
→ Kildin Sami: пошта (pošta)
→ Kyrgyz: почта (pocta)
→ Romanian: poștă
→ Turkmen: poçta
→ Uyghur: پوچتا (pochta)
→ Uzbek: pochta
→ Yakut: буоста (buosta)
→ Yakut: почта (pocta)

→ Ukrainian: по́шта (póšta)

(Przemyśl) money collection on the third day of a wedding reception


kuchnia

pl-noun

kuchnia f (diminutive kuchenka, related adjective kuchenny)

kuchenka (diminutive)
kuchenny (adjective)
kuchnia (nominative singular)
kuchnie (nominative plural)
kuchni (genitive singular)
kuchni (genitive plural)
kuchni (dative singular)
kuchniom (dative plural)
kuchnię (accusative singular)
kuchnie (accusative plural)
kuchnią (instrumental singular)
kuchniami (instrumental plural)
kuchni (locative singular)
kuchniach (locative plural)
kuchnio (singular vocative)
kuchnie (plural vocative)

→ Bulgarian: ку́хня (kúhnja)

desc

→ Kashubian: kùchniô (through Middle Polish)

→ Lower Sorbian: kuchnja

→ Macedonian: кујна (kujna)

→? Old Slovak: kuchňa

Pannonian Rusyn: кухня (kuxnja)

desctree

→ Russian: ку́хня (kúxnja)
→ Armenian: կուխնի (kuxni)
→ Bezhta: кухна (kuxna)
→ Chechen: кухни (kuxni)
→ Kildin Sami: кухня (kuxnja)
→ Kyrgyz: кухня (kuhnya)
→ Turkmen: kuhnýa
→ Yakut: куукуна (kuukuna)

→ Slovincian: kùchnja

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ-
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *pékʷeti
Proto-Italic *kʷekʷō
Latin coquō
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Italic *-os
Latin -us
Latin coquus
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Italic *-īnos
Latin -īnus
Latin coquīnus
Latin coquīna
Late Latin cocīnabor.
Proto-West Germanic *kukinā
Old High German chuhhinabor.
Old Polish kuchnia
Polish kuchnia
Inherited from Old Polish kuchnia.

etymon

(countable) kitchen (room or area for preparing food)

(countable) kitchen (people working in such a room)

(countable, cooking) stove, hob, cooker (device for heating food)

(countable) cuisine (characteristic style of preparing food, often associated with a place of origin)

(countable, dated) kitchen; cafeteria (dining area in an institution where meals may be purchased, provided, or brought in from elsewhere)


kuchnia

(minced oath) damn (non-vulgar expression of contempt as a minced oath of kurwa)


łazienka

łazienka (nominative singular)
łazienki (nominative plural)
łazienki (genitive singular)
łazienek (genitive plural)
łazience (dative singular)
łazienkom (dative plural)
łazienkę (accusative singular)
łazienki (accusative plural)
łazienką (instrumental singular)
łazienkami (instrumental plural)
łazience (locative singular)
łazienkach (locative plural)
łazienko (singular vocative)
łazienki (plural vocative)


toaleta

toaleta (nominative singular)
toalety (nominative plural)
toalety (genitive singular)
toalet (genitive plural)
toalecie (dative singular)
toaletom (dative plural)
toaletę (accusative singular)
toalety (accusative plural)
toaletą (instrumental singular)
toaletami (instrumental plural)
toalecie (locative singular)
toaletach (locative plural)
toaleto (singular vocative)
toalety (plural vocative)


piwnica

pl-noun

piwnica f (diminutive piwniczka, related adjective piwniczny)

piwniczka (diminutive)
piwniczny (adjective)
piwnica (nominative singular)
piwnice (nominative plural)
piwnicy (genitive singular)
piwnic (genitive plural)
piwnicy (dative singular)
piwnicom (dative plural)
piwnicę (accusative singular)
piwnice (accusative plural)
piwnicą (instrumental singular)
piwnicami (instrumental plural)
piwnicy (locative singular)
piwnicach (locative plural)
piwnico (singular vocative)
piwnice (plural vocative)
piewnica (alternative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pivьnica. By surface analysis, piwo + -nica.

cellar, basement (enclosed underground space, often under a building, used for storage or shelter)


sypialnia

sypialnia (nominative singular)
sypialnie (nominative plural)
sypialni (genitive singular)
sypialni (genitive plural)
sypialń (genitive plural)
sypialni (dative singular)
sypialniom (dative plural)
sypialnię (accusative singular)
sypialnie (accusative plural)
sypialnią (instrumental singular)
sypialniami (instrumental plural)
sypialni (locative singular)
sypialniach (locative plural)
sypialnio (singular vocative)
sypialnie (plural vocative)

(informal, derogatory) dormitory suburb; a remote neighborhood of a city consisting exclusively of residential buildings


pralnia

pralnia (nominative singular)
pralnie (nominative plural)
pralni (genitive singular)
pralni (genitive plural)
pralni (dative singular)
pralniom (dative plural)
pralnię (accusative singular)
pralnie (accusative plural)
pralnią (instrumental singular)
pralniami (instrumental plural)
pralni (locative singular)
pralniach (locative plural)
pralnio (singular vocative)
pralnie (plural vocative)

From prać (“to wash, to do laundry”) + -alnia.

af

laundry room (room where laundering is done)


klawisz

klawisz (nominative singular)
klawisze (nominative plural)
klawisza (genitive singular)
klawiszy (genitive plural)
klawiszowi (dative singular)
klawiszom (dative plural)
klawisz (accusative singular)
klawisze (accusative plural)
klawiszem (instrumental singular)
klawiszami (instrumental plural)
klawiszu (locative singular)
klawiszach (locative plural)
klawiszu (singular vocative)
klawisze (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin clāvis. Cognate with English clef.

key (a button on the keyboard of a musical instrument, on a typewriter or on a computer keyboard)


buda

budka (diminutive)
buda (nominative singular)
budy (nominative plural)
budy (genitive singular)
bud (genitive plural)
budzie (dative singular)
budom (dative plural)
budę (accusative singular)
budy (accusative plural)
budą (instrumental singular)
budami (instrumental plural)
budzie (locative singular)
budach (locative plural)
budo (singular vocative)
budy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish buda, from Middle High German buode. Compare German Bude.


panoptikum

panoptikum (nominative singular)
panoptika (nominative plural)
panoptikum (genitive singular)
panoptików (genitive plural)
panoptikum (dative singular)
panoptikom (dative plural)
panoptikum (accusative singular)
panoptika (accusative plural)
panoptikum (instrumental singular)
panoptikami (instrumental plural)
panoptikum (locative singular)
panoptikach (locative plural)
panoptikum (singular vocative)
panoptika (plural vocative)
panopticum (alternative)
panoptykon (alternative)

Borrowed from German Panoptikum, from English panopticon. Coined by English philosopher Jeremy Bentham in 1791. Doublet of panoptikon.

coin

cabinet of curiosities
cabinet of curiosities

(literary) cabinet of curiosities, kunstkammer, panopticon, Wunderkammer (place for the exhibition of novelties)


mrowisko

mrowisko (nominative singular)
mrowiska (nominative plural)
mrowiska (genitive singular)
mrowisk (genitive plural)
mrowisku (dative singular)
mrowiskom (dative plural)
mrowisko (accusative singular)
mrowiska (accusative plural)
mrowiskiem (instrumental singular)
mrowiskami (instrumental plural)
mrowisku (locative singular)
mrowiskach (locative plural)
mrowisko (singular vocative)
mrowiska (plural vocative)

Equivalent to mrówa + -isko or mrowie + -isko.


budować

zbudować (perfective)
budować (infinitive)
buduję (present singular)
budujemy (plural present)
budujesz (present singular)
budujecie (plural present)
buduje (present singular third-person)
budują (plural present third-person)
buduje się (impersonal present)
budowałem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m budował (masculine past singular)
budowałam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m budowała (feminine past singular)
budowałom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m budowało (neuter past singular)
budowaliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy budowali (past plural virile)
budowałyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy budowały (nonvirile past plural)
budowałeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś budował (masculine past singular)
budowałaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś budowała (feminine past singular)
budowałoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś budowało (neuter past singular)
budowaliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście budowali (past plural virile)
budowałyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście budowały (nonvirile past plural)
budował (masculine past singular third-person)
budowała (feminine past singular third-person)
budowało (neuter past singular third-person)
budowali (past plural third-person virile)
budowały (nonvirile past plural third-person)
budowano (impersonal past)
będę budował (future masculine singular)
będę budować (future masculine singular)
będę budowała (feminine future singular)
będę budować (feminine future singular)
będę budowało (future neuter singular)
będę budować (future neuter singular)
będziemy budowali (future plural virile)
będziemy budować (future plural virile)
będziemy budowały (future nonvirile plural)
będziemy budować (future nonvirile plural)
będziesz budował (future masculine singular)
będziesz budować (future masculine singular)
będziesz budowała (feminine future singular)
będziesz budować (feminine future singular)
będziesz budowało (future neuter singular)
będziesz budować (future neuter singular)
będziecie budowali (future plural virile)
będziecie budować (future plural virile)
będziecie budowały (future nonvirile plural)
będziecie budować (future nonvirile plural)
będzie budował (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie budować (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie budowała (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie budować (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie budowało (future neuter singular third-person)
będzie budować (future neuter singular third-person)
będą budowali (future plural third-person virile)
będą budować (future plural third-person virile)
będą budowały (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będą budować (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będzie budować się (future impersonal)
budowałbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym budował (conditional masculine singular)
budowałabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym budowała (conditional feminine singular)
budowałobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym budowało (conditional neuter singular)
budowalibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy budowali (conditional plural virile)
budowałybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy budowały (conditional nonvirile plural)
budowałbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś budował (conditional masculine singular)
budowałabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś budowała (conditional feminine singular)
budowałobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś budowało (conditional neuter singular)
budowalibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście budowali (conditional plural virile)
budowałybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście budowały (conditional nonvirile plural)
budowałby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by budował (conditional masculine singular third-person)
budowałaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by budowała (conditional feminine singular third-person)
budowałoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by budowało (conditional neuter singular third-person)
budowaliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by budowali (conditional plural third-person virile)
budowałyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by budowały (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
budowano by (conditional impersonal)
niech buduję (imperative singular)
budujmy (imperative plural)
buduj (imperative singular)
budujcie (imperative plural)
niech buduje (imperative singular third-person)
niech budują (imperative plural third-person)
budujący (active adjectival masculine participle singular)
budująca (active adjectival feminine participle singular)
budujące (active adjectival neuter participle singular)
budujący (active adjectival participle plural virile)
budujące (active adjectival nonvirile participle plural)
budowany (adjectival masculine participle passive singular)
budowana (adjectival feminine participle passive singular)
budowane (adjectival neuter participle passive singular)
budowani (adjectival participle passive plural virile)
budowane (adjectival nonvirile participle passive plural)
budując (adjectival contemporary participle)
budowanie (noun-from-verb)

Adapted borrowing of Middle High German büden + -ować.


silos

silos (nominative singular)
silosy (nominative plural)
silosu (genitive singular)
silosów (genitive plural)
silosowi (dative singular)
silosom (dative plural)
silos (accusative singular)
silosy (accusative plural)
silosem (instrumental singular)
silosami (instrumental plural)
silosie (locative singular)
silosach (locative plural)
silosie (singular vocative)
silosy (plural vocative)

(construction) silo (storage tank for loose construction materials on the construction site)


ślimak

ślimak (nominative singular)
ślimaki (nominative plural)
ślimaku (genitive singular)
ślimaków (genitive plural)
ślimakowi (dative singular)
ślimakom (dative plural)
ślimak (accusative singular)
ślimaki (accusative plural)
ślimakiem (instrumental singular)
ślimakami (instrumental plural)
ślimaku (locative singular)
ślimakach (locative plural)
ślimaku (singular vocative)
ślimaki (plural vocative)
ślumok (alternative)

Inherited from Old Polish ślimak, from Proto-Slavic *slimakъ.


meczet

meczet (nominative singular)
meczety (nominative plural)
meczetu (genitive singular)
meczetów (genitive plural)
meczetowi (dative singular)
meczetom (dative plural)
meczet (accusative singular)
meczety (accusative plural)
meczetem (instrumental singular)
meczetami (instrumental plural)
meczecie (locative singular)
meczetach (locative plural)
meczecie (singular vocative)
meczety (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Turkic, from Arabic مَسْجِد (masjid). Compare Kazakh мешіт (meşıt), Tatar мәчет (mäçet), Turkish mescit, Turkmen metjit.


ognisko

ognisko (nominative singular)
ogniska (nominative plural)
ogniska (genitive singular)
ognisk (genitive plural)
ognisku (dative singular)
ogniskom (dative plural)
ognisko (accusative singular)
ogniska (accusative plural)
ogniskiem (instrumental singular)
ogniskami (instrumental plural)
ognisku (locative singular)
ogniskach (locative plural)
ognisko (singular vocative)
ogniska (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ognisko. By surface analysis, ogień + -isko. Sense 3 and sense 5 are semantic loans from Latin focus (“hearth”).

sl

bonfire (social gathering usually held in the evening around a burning pyre)


katedra

katedra (nominative singular)
katedry (nominative plural)
katedry (genitive singular)
katedr (genitive plural)
katedrze (dative singular)
katedrom (dative plural)
katedrę (accusative singular)
katedry (accusative plural)
katedrą (instrumental singular)
katedrami (instrumental plural)
katedrze (locative singular)
katedrach (locative plural)
katedro (singular vocative)
katedry (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin cathedra, from Ancient Greek καθέδρα (kathédra).

(architecture, Roman Catholicism) cathedral

(education) chair (professorial position at a university)

(education) department, laboratory (organizational unit at a university dealing with a specific research subject)


odbudować

odbudowywać (imperfective)
odbudować (infinitive)
odbuduję (future singular)
odbudujemy (future plural)
odbudujesz (future singular)
odbudujecie (future plural)
odbuduje (future singular third-person)
odbudują (future plural third-person)
odbuduje się (future impersonal)
odbudowałem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m odbudował (masculine past singular)
odbudowałam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m odbudowała (feminine past singular)
odbudowałom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m odbudowało (neuter past singular)
odbudowaliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy odbudowali (past plural virile)
odbudowałyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy odbudowały (nonvirile past plural)
odbudowałeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś odbudował (masculine past singular)
odbudowałaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś odbudowała (feminine past singular)
odbudowałoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś odbudowało (neuter past singular)
odbudowaliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście odbudowali (past plural virile)
odbudowałyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście odbudowały (nonvirile past plural)
odbudował (masculine past singular third-person)
odbudowała (feminine past singular third-person)
odbudowało (neuter past singular third-person)
odbudowali (past plural third-person virile)
odbudowały (nonvirile past plural third-person)
odbudowano (impersonal past)
odbudowałbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym odbudował (conditional masculine singular)
odbudowałabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym odbudowała (conditional feminine singular)
odbudowałobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym odbudowało (conditional neuter singular)
odbudowalibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy odbudowali (conditional plural virile)
odbudowałybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy odbudowały (conditional nonvirile plural)
odbudowałbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś odbudował (conditional masculine singular)
odbudowałabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś odbudowała (conditional feminine singular)
odbudowałobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś odbudowało (conditional neuter singular)
odbudowalibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście odbudowali (conditional plural virile)
odbudowałybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście odbudowały (conditional nonvirile plural)
odbudowałby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by odbudował (conditional masculine singular third-person)
odbudowałaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by odbudowała (conditional feminine singular third-person)
odbudowałoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by odbudowało (conditional neuter singular third-person)
odbudowaliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by odbudowali (conditional plural third-person virile)
odbudowałyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by odbudowały (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
odbudowano by (conditional impersonal)
niech odbuduję (imperative singular)
odbudujmy (imperative plural)
odbuduj (imperative singular)
odbudujcie (imperative plural)
niech odbuduje (imperative singular third-person)
niech odbudują (imperative plural third-person)
odbudowany (adjectival masculine participle passive singular)
odbudowana (adjectival feminine participle passive singular)
odbudowane (adjectival neuter participle passive singular)
odbudowani (adjectival participle passive plural virile)
odbudowane (adjectival nonvirile participle passive plural)
odbudowawszy (adverbial anterior participle)
odbudowanie (noun-from-verb)

(transitive, construction) to rebuild (to build again or anew)


ołtarz

ołtarzyk (diminutive)
ołtarz (nominative singular)
ołtarze (nominative plural)
ołtarza (genitive singular)
ołtarzy (genitive plural)
ołtarzowi (dative singular)
ołtarzom (dative plural)
ołtarz (accusative singular)
ołtarze (accusative plural)
ołtarzem (instrumental singular)
ołtarzami (instrumental plural)
ołtarzu (locative singular)
ołtarzach (locative plural)
ołtarzu (singular vocative)
ołtarze (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Czech oltář, from Latin altāre, from altus. Doublet of altaria.


parkan

parkanik (diminutive)
parkan (nominative singular)
parkany (nominative plural)
parkanu (genitive singular)
parkanów (genitive plural)
parkanowi (dative singular)
parkanom (dative plural)
parkan (accusative singular)
parkany (accusative plural)
parkanem (instrumental singular)
parkanami (instrumental plural)
parkanie (locative singular)
parkanach (locative plural)
parkanie (singular vocative)
parkany (plural vocative)
pargan (alternative)

Borrowed from Middle High German parkan.

W ten sposób, bardzo już pomęczeni, dotarliśmy do jakiegoś obozu, gdzie stały drewniane baraki, otoczone parkanem z drutów kolczastych.

2000, Andrzej Kownacki, Czy było warto?: Wspomnienia, Towarzystwo Naukowe Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, archived from the original on 2022-07-14, page 474:

In this way, already very tired, we reached some camp, where there stood wooden barracks surrounded by a fence of barbed wire.


układ

układzik (diminutive)
układ (nominative singular)
układy (nominative plural)
układu (genitive singular)
układów (genitive plural)
układowi (dative singular)
układom (dative plural)
układ (accusative singular)
układy (accusative plural)
układem (instrumental singular)
układami (instrumental plural)
układzie (locative singular)
układach (locative plural)
układzie (singular vocative)
układy (plural vocative)
ûkłád (alternative)

Inherited from Old Polish układ. By surface analysis, deverbal of układać.


artykulacja

artykulacja (nominative singular)
artykulacji (genitive singular)
artykulacji (dative singular)
artykulację (accusative singular)
artykulacją (instrumental singular)
artykulacji (locative singular)
artykulacjo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin articulātiō.

lbor

(architecture) articulation (a method of styling the joints in the formal elements of architectural design)


restauracja

restauracja (nominative singular)
restauracje (nominative plural)
restauracji (genitive singular)
restauracji (genitive plural)
restauracyj (archaic genitive plural)
restauracji (dative singular)
restauracjom (dative plural)
restaurację (accusative singular)
restauracje (accusative plural)
restauracją (instrumental singular)
restauracjami (instrumental plural)
restauracji (locative singular)
restauracjach (locative plural)
restauracjo (singular vocative)
restauracje (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French restauration, from Latin restaurātiō.

renovation, reconstruction, restoration (process of bringing something back to its original state)


bożnica

bożnica (nominative singular)
bożnice (nominative plural)
bożnicy (genitive singular)
bożnic (genitive plural)
bożnicy (dative singular)
bożnicom (dative plural)
bożnicę (accusative singular)
bożnice (accusative plural)
bożnicą (instrumental singular)
bożnicami (instrumental plural)
bożnicy (locative singular)
bożnicach (locative plural)
bożnico (singular vocative)
bożnice (plural vocative)
bóźnica (alternative)
bóżnica (alternative)

Inherited from Old Polish bóżnica, from Proto-Slavic *božьnica. By surface analysis, bóg + -nica.

(Judaism, archaic) synagogue (Jewish house of prayer)


stacja

pl-noun

stacja f (diminutive stacyjka, related adjective stacyjny, abbreviation st.)

stacyjka (diminutive)
stacyjny (adjective)
st. (abbreviation)
stacja (nominative singular)
stacje (nominative plural)
stacji (genitive singular)
stacji (genitive plural)
stacyj (archaic genitive plural)
stacji (dative singular)
stacjom (dative plural)
stację (accusative singular)
stacje (accusative plural)
stacją (instrumental singular)
stacjami (instrumental plural)
stacji (locative singular)
stacjach (locative plural)
stacjo (singular vocative)
stacje (plural vocative)
stacyja (alternative)
stacya (alternative)

→ Kashubian: stacjô

(obsolete) station (fact of standing still; motionlessness, stasis)


cheder

cheder m inan (related adjective chederowy)

chederowy (adjective)
cheder (nominative singular)
chedery (nominative plural)
chederu (genitive singular)
chederów (genitive plural)
chederowi (dative singular)
chederom (dative plural)
cheder (accusative singular)
chedery (accusative plural)
chederem (instrumental singular)
chederami (instrumental plural)
chederze (locative singular)
chederach (locative plural)
chederze (singular vocative)
chedery (plural vocative)

(education, Judaism) cheder (elementary school for Jewish children, teaching basic Judaism and Hebrew)


witraż

witraż (nominative singular)
witraże (nominative plural)
witrażu (genitive singular)
witraży (genitive plural)
witrażowi (dative singular)
witrażom (dative plural)
witraż (accusative singular)
witraże (accusative plural)
witrażem (instrumental singular)
witrażami (instrumental plural)
witrażu (locative singular)
witrażach (locative plural)
witrażu (singular vocative)
witraże (plural vocative)


pasieka

pasieka (nominative singular)
pasieki (nominative plural)
pasieki (genitive singular)
pasiek (genitive plural)
pasiece (dative singular)
pasiekom (dative plural)
pasiekę (accusative singular)
pasieki (accusative plural)
pasieką (instrumental singular)
pasiekami (instrumental plural)
pasiece (locative singular)
pasiekach (locative plural)
pasieko (singular vocative)
pasieki (plural vocative)


pensja

pensyjka (diminutive)
pensja (nominative singular)
pensje (nominative plural)
pensji (genitive singular)
pensji (genitive plural)
pensyj (archaic genitive plural)
pensji (dative singular)
pensjom (dative plural)
pensję (accusative singular)
pensje (accusative plural)
pensją (instrumental singular)
pensjami (instrumental plural)
pensji (locative singular)
pensjach (locative plural)
pensjo (singular vocative)
pensje (plural vocative)

(dated, education) girls' boarding school


łuk

łuk m inan (diminutive łuczek, related adjective łukowy)

łuczek (diminutive)
łukowy (adjective)
łuk (nominative singular)
łuki (nominative plural)
łuku (genitive singular)
łuków (genitive plural)
łukowi (dative singular)
łukom (dative plural)
łuk (accusative singular)
łuki (accusative plural)
łukiem (instrumental singular)
łukami (instrumental plural)
łuku (locative singular)
łukach (locative plural)
łuku (singular vocative)
łuki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old Czech luk, from Proto-Slavic *lǫkъ, whence native Polish łęk.

Jest założycielem Fundacji Towarzystwo Patriotyczne, które zabiega o budowę łuku triumfalnego upamiętniającego bitwę z 1920 r.

2017 August 9, Wiktor Ferfecki, “Czy łuk triumfalny Bitwy Warszawskiej stanie w stolicy?”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2023-01-07:

He is a founder of the Patriotic Society Foundation, which is advocating the construction of a triumphal arch memorializing the battle in 1920.


wątek

wątek (nominative singular)
wątki (nominative plural)
wątku (genitive singular)
wątków (genitive plural)
wątkowi (dative singular)
wątkom (dative plural)
wątek (accusative singular)
wątki (accusative plural)
wątkiem (instrumental singular)
wątkami (instrumental plural)
wątku (locative singular)
wątkach (locative plural)
wątku (singular vocative)
wątki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish wątek, from Proto-Slavic *ǫtъkъ.

(construction) brickwork (structure made of brick)


sąd

sąd (nominative singular)
sądy (nominative plural)
sądu (genitive singular)
sądów (genitive plural)
sądowi (dative singular)
sądom (dative plural)
sąd (accusative singular)
sądy (accusative plural)
sądem (instrumental singular)
sądami (instrumental plural)
sądzie (locative singular)
sądach (locative plural)
sądzie (singular vocative)
sądy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish sąd (“vessel”).

inh+

(dialectal, chiefly in the plural) carrying pole, shoulder pole


renesansowy

pl-adj

renesansowy (not comparable, derived adverb renesansowo)

renesansowy (masculine nominative singular)
renesansowa (feminine nominative singular)
renesansowe (neuter nominative singular)
renesansowi (nominative plural virile)
renesansowe (nominative plural)
renesansowego (genitive masculine singular)
renesansowej (feminine genitive singular)
renesansowego (genitive neuter singular)
renesansowych (genitive plural)
renesansowych (genitive plural virile)
renesansowemu (dative masculine singular)
renesansowej (dative feminine singular)
renesansowemu (dative neuter singular)
renesansowym (dative plural)
renesansowym (dative plural virile)
renesansowego (accusative animate masculine singular)
renesansowy (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
renesansową (accusative feminine singular)
renesansowe (accusative neuter singular)
renesansowych (accusative plural virile)
renesansowe (accusative plural)
renesansowym (instrumental masculine singular)
renesansową (feminine instrumental singular)
renesansowym (instrumental neuter singular)
renesansowymi (instrumental plural)
renesansowymi (instrumental plural virile)
renesansowym (locative masculine singular)
renesansowej (feminine locative singular)
renesansowym (locative neuter singular)
renesansowych (locative plural)
renesansowych (locative plural virile)

(architecture, art, historical, literature, relational) Renaissance (14th-century revival)


budowla

budowlany (adjective)
budowla (nominative singular)
budowle (nominative plural)
budowli (genitive singular)
budowli (genitive plural)
budowli (dative singular)
budowlom (dative plural)
budowlę (accusative singular)
budowle (accusative plural)
budowlą (instrumental singular)
budowlami (instrumental plural)
budowli (locative singular)
budowlach (locative plural)
budowlo (singular vocative)
budowle (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ukrainian будівля (budivlja).

bor+

construction (anything that has been constructed)


koparka

koparka (nominative singular)
koparki (nominative plural)
koparki (genitive singular)
koparek (genitive plural)
koparce (dative singular)
koparkom (dative plural)
koparkę (accusative singular)
koparki (accusative plural)
koparką (instrumental singular)
koparkami (instrumental plural)
koparce (locative singular)
koparkach (locative plural)
koparko (singular vocative)
koparki (plural vocative)


żebro

pl-noun

żebro n (diminutive żeberko, related adjective żebrowy)

żeberko (diminutive)
żebrowy (adjective)
żebro (nominative singular)
żebra (nominative plural)
żebra (genitive singular)
żeber (genitive plural)
żebru (dative singular)
żebrom (dative plural)
żebro (accusative singular)
żebra (accusative plural)
żebrem (instrumental singular)
żebrami (instrumental plural)
żebrze (locative singular)
żebrach (locative plural)
żebro (singular vocative)
żebra (plural vocative)
żebrze (alternative)


żabka

żabka (nominative singular)
żabki (nominative plural)
żabki (genitive singular)
żabek (genitive plural)
żabce (dative singular)
żabkom (dative plural)
żabkę (accusative singular)
żabki (accusative plural)
żabką (instrumental singular)
żabkami (instrumental plural)
żabce (locative singular)
żabkach (locative plural)
żabko (singular vocative)
żabki (plural vocative)


gniazdko

gniazdko (nominative singular)
gniazdka (nominative plural)
gniazdka (genitive singular)
gniazdek (genitive plural)
gniazdku (dative singular)
gniazdkom (dative plural)
gniazdko (accusative singular)
gniazdka (accusative plural)
gniazdkiem (instrumental singular)
gniazdkami (instrumental plural)
gniazdku (locative singular)
gniazdkach (locative plural)
gniazdko (singular vocative)
gniazdka (plural vocative)

From gniazdo (“nest, socket”) + -ko (“neuter diminutive suffix”).


fekalia

pl-noun

fekalia nvir pl (related adjective fekalny)

fekalny (adjective)
fekalia (nominative plural)
fekaliów (genitive plural)
fekaliom (dative plural)
fekalia (accusative plural)
fekaliami (instrumental plural)
fekaliach (locative plural)
fekalia (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin faecālia.


klop

klop (nominative singular)
klopy (nominative plural)
klopa (genitive singular)
klopów (genitive plural)
klopowi (dative singular)
klopom (dative plural)
klop (accusative singular)
klopy (accusative plural)
klopem (instrumental singular)
klopami (instrumental plural)
klopie (locative singular)
klopach (locative plural)
klopie (singular vocative)
klopy (plural vocative)

Uncertain. Perhaps derived from klozet or kloaka.


siedzieć

siedzieć (infinitive)
siedzę (present singular)
siedzimy (plural present)
siedzisz (present singular)
siedzicie (plural present)
siedzi (present singular third-person)
siedzą (plural present third-person)
siedzi się (impersonal present)
siedziałem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m siedział (masculine past singular)
siedziałam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m siedziała (feminine past singular)
siedziałom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m siedziało (neuter past singular)
siedzieliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy siedzieli (past plural virile)
siedziałyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy siedziały (nonvirile past plural)
siedziałeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś siedział (masculine past singular)
siedziałaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś siedziała (feminine past singular)
siedziałoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś siedziało (neuter past singular)
siedzieliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście siedzieli (past plural virile)
siedziałyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście siedziały (nonvirile past plural)
siedział (masculine past singular third-person)
siedziała (feminine past singular third-person)
siedziało (neuter past singular third-person)
siedzieli (past plural third-person virile)
siedziały (nonvirile past plural third-person)
siedziano (impersonal past)
będę siedział (future masculine singular)
będę siedzieć (future masculine singular)
będę siedziała (feminine future singular)
będę siedzieć (feminine future singular)
będę siedziało (future neuter singular)
będę siedzieć (future neuter singular)
będziemy siedzieli (future plural virile)
będziemy siedzieć (future plural virile)
będziemy siedziały (future nonvirile plural)
będziemy siedzieć (future nonvirile plural)
będziesz siedział (future masculine singular)
będziesz siedzieć (future masculine singular)
będziesz siedziała (feminine future singular)
będziesz siedzieć (feminine future singular)
będziesz siedziało (future neuter singular)
będziesz siedzieć (future neuter singular)
będziecie siedzieli (future plural virile)
będziecie siedzieć (future plural virile)
będziecie siedziały (future nonvirile plural)
będziecie siedzieć (future nonvirile plural)
będzie siedział (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie siedzieć (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie siedziała (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie siedzieć (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie siedziało (future neuter singular third-person)
będzie siedzieć (future neuter singular third-person)
będą siedzieli (future plural third-person virile)
będą siedzieć (future plural third-person virile)
będą siedziały (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będą siedzieć (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będzie siedzieć się (future impersonal)
siedziałbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym siedział (conditional masculine singular)
siedziałabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym siedziała (conditional feminine singular)
siedziałobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym siedziało (conditional neuter singular)
siedzielibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy siedzieli (conditional plural virile)
siedziałybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy siedziały (conditional nonvirile plural)
siedziałbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś siedział (conditional masculine singular)
siedziałabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś siedziała (conditional feminine singular)
siedziałobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś siedziało (conditional neuter singular)
siedzielibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście siedzieli (conditional plural virile)
siedziałybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście siedziały (conditional nonvirile plural)
siedziałby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by siedział (conditional masculine singular third-person)
siedziałaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by siedziała (conditional feminine singular third-person)
siedziałoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by siedziało (conditional neuter singular third-person)
siedzieliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by siedzieli (conditional plural third-person virile)
siedziałyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by siedziały (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
siedziano by (conditional impersonal)
niech siedzę (imperative singular)
siedźmy (imperative plural)
siedź (imperative singular)
siedźcie (imperative plural)
niech siedzi (imperative singular third-person)
niech siedzą (imperative plural third-person)
siedzący (active adjectival masculine participle singular)
siedząca (active adjectival feminine participle singular)
siedzące (active adjectival neuter participle singular)
siedzący (active adjectival participle plural virile)
siedzące (active adjectival nonvirile participle plural)
siedząc (adjectival contemporary participle)
siedzenie (noun-from-verb)
siedzić (alternative)

/ˈɕɛ.d͡ʑɛt͡ɕ/

/ˈɕɛ.d͡ʑɛt͡ɕ/

/ˈɕɛ.d͡ʑɛt͡ɕ/

/ˈɕɛ.d͡ʑɛt͡ɕ/

[ˈɕɛ.d͡ʑɛt͡ɕ]

Inherited from Old Polish siedzieć. Cognates include Latvian sēdēt, Lithuanian sėdėti and Latin sedeō.

a świstak siedzi i zawija je w te sreberka

kto nie ryzykuje, ten w kozie nie siedzi

punkt widzenia zależy od punktu siedzenia

Za co siedzisz?

(intransitive, colloquial) to serve time, to be in for (to serve a prison sentence)


pałac

pl-noun

pałac m inan (diminutive pałacyk, related adjective pałacowy)

pałacyk (diminutive)
pałacowy (adjective)
pałac (nominative singular)
pałace (nominative plural)
pałacu (genitive singular)
pałaców (genitive plural)
pałacowi (dative singular)
pałacom (dative plural)
pałac (accusative singular)
pałace (accusative plural)
pałacem (instrumental singular)
pałacami (instrumental plural)
pałacu (locative singular)
pałacach (locative plural)
pałacu (singular vocative)
pałace (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: пала́ц (palác)

→ Ukrainian: пала́ц (palác)

palace (official residence of a head of state or other dignitary, especially in a monarchical or imperial governmental system)

palace (large, ornate public building used for entertainment or exhibitions)


antependium

antependium (nominative singular)
antependia (nominative plural)
antependium (genitive singular)
antependiów (genitive plural)
antependium (dative singular)
antependiom (dative plural)
antependium (accusative singular)
antependia (accusative plural)
antependium (instrumental singular)
antependiami (instrumental plural)
antependium (locative singular)
antependiach (locative plural)
antependium (singular vocative)
antependia (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin antependium.

lbor

(architecture, Christianity) antependium, altar cloth, forecloth, frontal, pulpit fall (decorative cloth that is used to cover the top, front, and sides of an altar)


kloaka

pl-noun

kloaka f (related adjective kloaczny or kloakowy)

kloaczny (adjective)
kloakowy (adjective)
kloaka (nominative singular)
kloaki (nominative plural)
kloaki (genitive singular)
kloak (genitive plural)
kloace (dative singular)
kloakom (dative plural)
kloakę (accusative singular)
kloaki (accusative plural)
kloaką (instrumental singular)
kloakami (instrumental plural)
kloace (locative singular)
kloakach (locative plural)
kloako (singular vocative)
kloaki (plural vocative)

cloaca (duct in reptiles, amphibians, and birds, as well as most fish and some mammals, which serves as the common outlet for urination, defecation, and reproduction)


kolonia

kolonia f (diminutive kolonijka, related adjective kolonijny)

kolonijka (diminutive)
kolonijny (adjective)
kolonia (nominative singular)
kolonie (nominative plural)
kolonii (genitive singular)
kolonii (genitive plural)
kolonij (archaic genitive plural)
kolonii (dative singular)
koloniom (dative plural)
kolonię (accusative singular)
kolonie (accusative plural)
kolonią (instrumental singular)
koloniami (instrumental plural)
kolonii (locative singular)
koloniach (locative plural)
kolonio (singular vocative)
kolonie (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English colony, French colonie, German Kolonie, ultimately from Latin colōnia.

colony (group of residential houses located away from the city center or from the main cluster of buildings in a village)

penal colony (place of forced stay, isolated from society)

(in the plural, sports) youth camp (program that offers supervised recreational and athletic activities for children during summer vacation)

colony (permanent assemblage of organisms of one species or a temporary concentration of animals)

(historical) colony (Greek, Phoenician, or Roman trading or agricultural settlement established in a foreign land and subordinate to a metropolis)


poziom

poziom (nominative singular)
poziomy (nominative plural)
poziomu (genitive singular)
poziomów (genitive plural)
poziomowi (dative singular)
poziomom (dative plural)
poziom (accusative singular)
poziomy (accusative plural)
poziomem (instrumental singular)
poziomami (instrumental plural)
poziomie (locative singular)
poziomach (locative plural)
poziomie (singular vocative)
poziomy (plural vocative)
poziem (alternative)

Back-formation of poziemny. Semantic loan from English level. First attested in 1754–1765.

ref

“POZIOM”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 13.07.2020