DNA

Orthographic borrowing from English DNA.

kwas dezoksyrybonukleinowy
kwas dezoksyrybonukleinowy#Polish

(genetics, molecular biology) Abbreviation of kwas dezoksyrybonukleinowy.


drink

drink (nominative singular)
drinki (nominative plural)
drinka (genitive singular)
drinków (genitive plural)
drinkowi (dative singular)
drinkom (dative plural)
drinka (accusative singular)
drinki (accusative plural)
drinkiem (instrumental singular)
drinkami (instrumental plural)
drinku (locative singular)
drinkach (locative plural)
drinku (singular vocative)
drinki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English drink. Doublet of dręk and trunek.

Jeszcze trochę do północy
drink jak zagubiony pocisk
strzelił mocno mi do głowy
coraz trudniej się wysłowić.

2011, “Kawałek do tańca”, performed by Poparzeni Kawą Trzy:

There's still some time before midnight
The drink, like a lost bullet,
shot me right in the head
it's getting harder and harder to speak.

cocktail, drink (served alcoholic beverage)


krowa

pl-noun

krowa f (diminutive krówka, augmentative krówsko, related adjective krowi)

krówka (diminutive)
krówsko (augmentative)
krowi (adjective)
krowa (nominative singular)
krowy (nominative plural)
krowy (genitive singular)
krów (genitive plural)
krowie (dative singular)
krowom (dative plural)
krowę (accusative singular)
krowy (accusative plural)
krową (instrumental singular)
krowami (instrumental plural)
krowie (locative singular)
krowach (locative plural)
krowo (singular vocative)
krowy (plural vocative)

(colloquial) large bottle of vodka (0.7 litre or more)

(historical, informal) Nebelwerfer (World War II German series of mortar weapons)


wódka

wódka f (diminutive wódeczka, augmentative wóda)

wódeczka (diminutive)
wóda (augmentative)
wódka (nominative singular)
wódki (nominative plural)
wódki (genitive singular)
wódek (genitive plural)
wódce (dative singular)
wódkom (dative plural)
wódkę (accusative singular)
wódki (accusative plural)
wódką (instrumental singular)
wódkami (instrumental plural)
wódce (locative singular)
wódkach (locative plural)
wódko (singular vocative)
wódki (plural vocative)


haj

haj (nominative singular)
haje (nominative plural)
haju (genitive singular)
hajów (genitive plural)
hai (genitive plural)
hajowi (dative singular)
hajom (dative plural)
haj (accusative singular)
haje (accusative plural)
hajem (instrumental singular)
hajami (instrumental plural)
haju (locative singular)
hajach (locative plural)
haju (singular vocative)
haje (plural vocative)

(slang) high (period of euphoria from an intake of drugs)


lit

lit (nominative singular)
litu (genitive singular)
litowi (dative singular)
lit (accusative singular)
litem (instrumental singular)
licie (locative singular)
licie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from New Latin lithium.

lbor

(informal, organic chemistry) lithium carbonate (lithium salt of carbonic acid, Li2CO3, used in the manufacture of glass and ceramics, and medically, in the treatment of bipolar disorder)


shot

shot (nominative singular)
shoty (nominative plural)
shota (genitive singular)
shotów (genitive plural)
shotowi (dative singular)
shotom (dative plural)
shota (accusative singular)
shoty (accusative plural)
shotem (instrumental singular)
shotami (instrumental plural)
shocie (locative singular)
shotach (locative plural)
shocie (singular vocative)
shoty (plural vocative)

shot, shooter (small, strong drink with a small amount of non-alcoholic ingredients, served in a vodka glass with a volume of up to 50 ml, drunk at once, usually also in a larger number; less often: a small portion of strong alcohol without admixtures)


klin

klin (nominative singular)
kliny (nominative plural)
klina (genitive singular)
klinów (genitive plural)
klinowi (dative singular)
klinom (dative plural)
klin (accusative singular)
kliny (accusative plural)
klinem (instrumental singular)
klinami (instrumental plural)
klinie (locative singular)
klinach (locative plural)
klinie (singular vocative)
kliny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish klin, from Proto-Slavic *klinъ.

(colloquial) a shot of alcohol drunk to overcome a hangover, hair of the dog


drag

drag (nominative singular)
dragi (nominative plural)
dragu (genitive singular)
draga (genitive singular)
dragów (genitive plural)
dragowi (dative singular)
dragom (dative plural)
draga (accusative singular)
dragi (accusative plural)
dragiem (instrumental singular)
dragami (instrumental plural)
dragu (locative singular)
dragach (locative plural)
dragu (singular vocative)
dragi (plural vocative)


puer

puer (nominative singular)
puerzy (nominative plural)
puery (derogatory nominative plural)
puera (genitive singular)
puerów (genitive plural)
puerowi (dative singular)
puerom (dative plural)
puera (accusative singular)
puerów (accusative plural)
puerem (instrumental singular)
puerami (instrumental plural)
puerze (locative singular)
puerach (locative plural)
puerze (singular vocative)
puerzy (plural vocative)


placebo

(pharmacology) placebo (dummy medicine containing no active ingredients; an inert treatment)


RNA

Orthographic borrowing from English RNA.

kwas rybonukleinowy
kwas rybonukleinowy#Polish

(genetics, molecular biology) Abbreviation of kwas rybonukleinowy.


LSD

Unadapted borrowing from German LSD, initialism of Lysergsäure-diethylamid.

lysergic acid diethylamide
lysergic acid diethylamide

(organic chemistry) LSD, lysergic acid diethylamide (powerful synthetic hallucinogen)


ale

Unadapted borrowing from English ale. First attested in the 19th century.

ref

Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “ale”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861

angielskie ale

ale (beer produced by warm fermentation)


whisky

Unadapted borrowing from English whisky.


narkoman

pl-noun

narkoman m pers (female equivalent narkomanka)

narkomanka (feminine)
narkoman (nominative singular)
narkomani (nominative plural)
narkomany (derogatory nominative plural)
narkomana (genitive singular)
narkomanów (genitive plural)
narkomanowi (dative singular)
narkomanom (dative plural)
narkomana (accusative singular)
narkomanów (accusative plural)
narkomanem (instrumental singular)
narkomanami (instrumental plural)
narkomanie (locative singular)
narkomanach (locative plural)
narkomanie (singular vocative)
narkomani (plural vocative)


sherry

Unadapted borrowing from English sherry.


prion

prion m inan (related adjective prionowy)

prionowy (adjective)
prion (nominative singular)
priony (nominative plural)
prionu (genitive singular)
prionów (genitive plural)
prionowi (dative singular)
prionom (dative plural)
prion (accusative singular)
priony (accusative plural)
prionem (instrumental singular)
prionami (instrumental plural)
prionie (locative singular)
prionach (locative plural)
prionie (singular vocative)
priony (plural vocative)

(molecular biology, pathology) prion (self-propagating misfolded conformer of a protein that is responsible for a number of diseases that affect the brain and other neural tissue)


aperitif

aperitif (nominative singular)
aperitify (nominative plural)
aperitifu (genitive singular)
aperitifów (genitive plural)
aperitifowi (dative singular)
aperitifom (dative plural)
aperitif (accusative singular)
aperitify (accusative plural)
aperitifem (instrumental singular)
aperitifami (instrumental plural)
aperitifie (locative singular)
aperitifach (locative plural)
aperitifie (singular vocative)
aperitify (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French apéritif, from Medieval Latin aperitīvus.


jeden

jeden (nominative singular)
jedni (nominative plural)
jednego (genitive singular)
jednych (genitive plural)
jednemu (dative singular)
jednym (dative plural)
jednego (accusative singular)
jedne (accusative plural)
jednym (instrumental singular)
jednymi (instrumental plural)
jednym (locative singular)
jednych (locative plural)
jeden (singular vocative)
jedni (plural vocative)

Etymology tree
Proto-Balto-Slavic *edīˀnas
Proto-Slavic *edinъ
Old Polish jeden
Polish jeden
Inherited from Old Polish jeden.


twist

twist (nominative singular)
twisty (nominative plural)
twista (genitive singular)
twistów (genitive plural)
twistowi (dative singular)
twistom (dative plural)
twist (accusative singular)
twisty (accusative plural)
twistem (instrumental singular)
twistami (instrumental plural)
twiście (locative singular)
twistach (locative plural)
twiście (singular vocative)
twisty (plural vocative)

jar with a threaded neck and a screw cap allowing airtight sealing


dochód

dochód (nominative singular)
dochody (nominative plural)
dochodu (genitive singular)
dochodów (genitive plural)
dochodowi (dative singular)
dochodom (dative plural)
dochód (accusative singular)
dochody (accusative plural)
dochodem (instrumental singular)
dochodami (instrumental plural)
dochodzie (locative singular)
dochodach (locative plural)
dochodzie (singular vocative)
dochody (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish dochód. By surface analysis, deverbal from dochodzić.

surf

(obsolete) fusel oil (mixture of several higher-order alcohols (alcohols with more than two carbon atoms) formed as byproduct in the normal fermentation process)


wino

pl-noun

wino n (diminutive winko, augmentative wińsko)

winko (diminutive)
wińsko (augmentative)
wino (nominative singular)
wina (nominative plural)
wina (genitive singular)
win (genitive plural)
winu (dative singular)
winom (dative plural)
wino (accusative singular)
wina (accusative plural)
winem (instrumental singular)
winami (instrumental plural)
winie (locative singular)
winach (locative plural)
wino (singular vocative)
wina (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish wino, from Proto-Slavic *vino.

wino słodkie

wino półsłodkie

wino półwytrawne

wino wytrawne

wino białe

wino czerwone

wino różowe


amyloid

amyloid (nominative singular)
amyloidy (nominative plural)
amyloidu (genitive singular)
amyloidów (genitive plural)
amyloidowi (dative singular)
amyloidom (dative plural)
amyloid (accusative singular)
amyloidy (accusative plural)
amyloidem (instrumental singular)
amyloidami (instrumental plural)
amyloidzie (locative singular)
amyloidach (locative plural)
amyloidzie (singular vocative)
amyloidy (plural vocative)

From amyl + -oid. First attested in 1852.

ref

Szymon Fabian (1852) Farmacya. T. 1, Początki botaniki i zoologii, chemia organiczna i farmakognozya (in Polish), page 61

złogi amyloidu

(medicine, biochemistry) amyloid (protein compound)


trip

trip (nominative singular)
tripy (nominative plural)
tripu (genitive singular)
tripów (genitive plural)
tripowi (dative singular)
tripom (dative plural)
trip (accusative singular)
tripy (accusative plural)
tripem (instrumental singular)
tripami (instrumental plural)
tripie (locative singular)
tripach (locative plural)
tripie (singular vocative)
tripy (plural vocative)

(slang) trip (period of time in which one experiences drug-induced reverie or hallucinations)


androgen

androgen (nominative singular)
androgeny (nominative plural)
androgenu (genitive singular)
androgenów (genitive plural)
androgenowi (dative singular)
androgenom (dative plural)
androgen (accusative singular)
androgeny (accusative plural)
androgenem (instrumental singular)
androgenami (instrumental plural)
androgenie (locative singular)
androgenach (locative plural)
androgenie (singular vocative)
androgeny (plural vocative)

From andro- + gen. First attested in 1884.

Juliusz Słowacki (1884) Genezis z Ducha ; List do J. N. Rembowskiego ; Wykład nauki ; Dziennik z r. 1847-1849 (in Polish), page 86

męskie androgeny


dealer

pl-noun

dealer m pers (female equivalent dealerka, related adjective dealerski)

dealerka (feminine)
dealerski (adjective)
dealer (nominative singular)
dealerzy (nominative plural)
dealery (derogatory nominative plural)
dealera (genitive singular)
dealerów (genitive plural)
dealerowi (dative singular)
dealerom (dative plural)
dealera (accusative singular)
dealerów (accusative plural)
dealerem (instrumental singular)
dealerami (instrumental plural)
dealerze (locative singular)
dealerach (locative plural)
dealerze (singular vocative)
dealerzy (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English dealer.


rum

rum (nominative singular)
rumy (nominative plural)
rumu (genitive singular)
rumów (genitive plural)
rumowi (dative singular)
rumom (dative plural)
rum (accusative singular)
rumy (accusative plural)
rumem (instrumental singular)
rumami (instrumental plural)
rumie (locative singular)
rumach (locative plural)
rumie (singular vocative)
rumy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle High German rūm, roum, from Old High German rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą.

bor+

(archaic, geology) broken debris, rock crumbs


alko

alko (canonical inanimate masculine)
alko (canonical neuter)


ecstasy

Unadapted borrowing from English ecstasy, from Old French estaise, from Latin ecstasis, from Ancient Greek ἔκστασις (ékstasis).

ubor

ecstasy (synthetic entactogen of the methylenedioxyphenethylamine family, especially in a tablet form)


tequila

tequila (nominative singular)
tequile (nominative plural)
tequili (genitive singular)
tequili (genitive plural)
tequili (dative singular)
tequilom (dative plural)
tequilę (accusative singular)
tequile (accusative plural)
tequilą (instrumental singular)
tequilami (instrumental plural)
tequili (locative singular)
tequilach (locative plural)
tequilo (singular vocative)
tequile (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Mexican Spanish tequila.


brandy

Unadapted borrowing from English brandy.

brandy (alcoholic liquor distilled from wine or fermented fruit juice)


bordo

pl-adj

bordo (not comparable, no derived adverb)

bordo:

bordeaux, claret (having a dark red color tinged with purple, like that of Bordeaux (red) wine)


bordo

bordeaux (dark red color tinged with purple, like that of Burgundy (red) wine)

Bordeaux (wine coming from Bordeaux in France)


gin

gin (nominative singular)
giny (nominative plural)
ginu (genitive singular)
ginów (genitive plural)
ginowi (dative singular)
ginom (dative plural)
gin (accusative singular)
giny (accusative plural)
ginem (instrumental singular)
ginami (instrumental plural)
ginie (locative singular)
ginach (locative plural)
ginie (singular vocative)
giny (plural vocative)


gluten

gluten (nominative singular)
glutenu (genitive singular)
glutenowi (dative singular)
gluten (accusative singular)
glutenem (instrumental singular)
glutenie (locative singular)
glutenie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin glūten. Doublet of glut and glutyna.

(cooking, biochemistry) gluten (the major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread)


vintage

Unadapted borrowing from English vintage.

ubor

vintage (wine, especially high-quality, identified as to year and vineyard or district of origin)


bas

basowy (adjective)
bas (nominative singular)
basy (nominative plural)
basu (genitive singular)
basów (genitive plural)
basowi (dative singular)
basom (dative plural)
bas (accusative singular)
basy (accusative plural)
basem (instrumental singular)
basami (instrumental plural)
basie (locative singular)
basach (locative plural)
basie (singular vocative)
basy (plural vocative)

Possibly borrowed from Italian basso, or from French basse or German Bass, ultimately from Latin bassus. Compare Slovincian bas.


lek

lekowy (adjective)
lek (nominative singular)
leki (nominative plural)
leku (genitive singular)
leków (genitive plural)
lekowi (dative singular)
lekom (dative plural)
lek (accusative singular)
leki (accusative plural)
lekiem (instrumental singular)
lekami (instrumental plural)
leku (locative singular)
lekach (locative plural)
leku (singular vocative)
leki (plural vocative)

(medicine) medicine, drug (substance which promotes healing)


steroid

pl-noun

steroid m inan (related adjective steroidowy)

steroidowy (adjective)
steroid (nominative singular)
steroidy (nominative plural)
steroidu (genitive singular)
steroidów (genitive plural)
steroidowi (dative singular)
steroidom (dative plural)
steroid (accusative singular)
steroidy (accusative plural)
steroidem (instrumental singular)
steroidami (instrumental plural)
steroidzie (locative singular)
steroidach (locative plural)
steroidzie (singular vocative)
steroidy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English steroid. Doublet of steryd.

(biochemistry) steroid (class of organic compounds)


retsina

retsina (nominative singular)
retsiny (nominative plural)
retsiny (genitive singular)
retsin (genitive plural)
retsinie (dative singular)
retsinom (dative plural)
retsinę (accusative singular)
retsiny (accusative plural)
retsiną (instrumental singular)
retsinami (instrumental plural)
retsinie (locative singular)
retsinach (locative plural)
retsino (singular vocative)
retsiny (plural vocative)

retsina, retsina wine (Greek resinated white or rosé wine of a sort that has been produced for at least 2700 years)


ferment

ferment (nominative singular)
fermenty (nominative plural)
fermentu (genitive singular)
fermentów (genitive plural)
fermentowi (dative singular)
fermentom (dative plural)
ferment (accusative singular)
fermenty (accusative plural)
fermentem (instrumental singular)
fermentami (instrumental plural)
fermencie (locative singular)
fermentach (locative plural)
fermencie (singular vocative)
fermenty (plural vocative)


hera

hera (nominative singular)
hery (genitive singular)
herze (dative singular)
herę (accusative singular)
herą (instrumental singular)
herze (locative singular)
hero (singular vocative)


mediator

mediator (nominative singular)
mediatory (nominative plural)
mediatora (genitive singular)
mediatorów (genitive plural)
mediatorowi (dative singular)
mediatorom (dative plural)
mediator (accusative singular)
mediatory (accusative plural)
mediatorem (instrumental singular)
mediatorami (instrumental plural)
mediatorze (locative singular)
mediatorach (locative plural)
mediatorze (singular vocative)
mediatory (plural vocative)

(biochemistry, neuroscience) mediator (chemical substance transmitting information to a targeted cell)


balsam

balsam m inan (related adjective balsamowy)

balsamowy (adjective)
balsam (nominative singular)
balsamy (nominative plural)
balsamu (genitive singular)
balsamów (genitive plural)
balsamowi (dative singular)
balsamom (dative plural)
balsam (accusative singular)
balsamy (accusative plural)
balsamem (instrumental singular)
balsamami (instrumental plural)
balsamie (locative singular)
balsamach (locative plural)
balsamie (singular vocative)
balsamy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish balsam. Compare Kashubian balzam and Slovincian balzóm.

(cosmetics, medicine, pharmacology) lotion, balm (a low-viscosity topical preparation intended for application to skin)


śnieg

śnieg m inan (diminutive śnieżek, related adjective śniegowy)

śnieżek (diminutive)
śniegowy (adjective)
śnieg (nominative singular)
śniegi (nominative plural)
śniegu (genitive singular)
śniegów (genitive plural)
śniegowi (dative singular)
śniegom (dative plural)
śnieg (accusative singular)
śniegi (accusative plural)
śniegiem (instrumental singular)
śniegami (instrumental plural)
śniegu (locative singular)
śniegach (locative plural)
śniegu (singular vocative)
śniegi (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish śnieg. Sense 3 is a semantic loan from English snow.

sl

(countable) snow, snowfall (blanket of frozen, crystalline water)


neurotransmiter

neurotransmiter (nominative singular)
neurotransmitery (nominative plural)
neurotransmitera (genitive singular)
neurotransmiterów (genitive plural)
neurotransmiterowi (dative singular)
neurotransmiterom (dative plural)
neurotransmiter (accusative singular)
neurotransmitery (accusative plural)
neurotransmiterem (instrumental singular)
neurotransmiterami (instrumental plural)
neurotransmiterze (locative singular)
neurotransmiterach (locative plural)
neurotransmiterze (singular vocative)
neurotransmitery (plural vocative)

(biochemistry, neuroscience) neuromediator, neurotransmitter


kop

kop (nominative singular)
kopy (nominative plural)
kopa (genitive singular)
kopów (genitive plural)
kopowi (dative singular)
kopom (dative plural)
kopa (accusative singular)
kopy (accusative plural)
kopem (instrumental singular)
kopami (instrumental plural)
kopie (locative singular)
kopach (locative plural)
kopie (singular vocative)
kopy (plural vocative)

(colloquial) kick (sudden surge of energy to help perform some action)

(colloquial) kick (strong reaction of the body occurring after taking psychoactive drugs)


estrogen

estrogen (nominative singular)
estrogeny (nominative plural)
estrogenu (genitive singular)
estrogenów (genitive plural)
estrogenowi (dative singular)
estrogenom (dative plural)
estrogen (accusative singular)
estrogeny (accusative plural)
estrogenem (instrumental singular)
estrogenami (instrumental plural)
estrogenie (locative singular)
estrogenach (locative plural)
estrogenie (singular vocative)
estrogeny (plural vocative)


sommelier

sommelier (nominative singular)
sommelierzy (nominative plural)
sommeliery (derogatory nominative plural)
sommeliera (genitive singular)
sommelierów (genitive plural)
sommelierowi (dative singular)
sommelierom (dative plural)
sommeliera (accusative singular)
sommelierów (accusative plural)
sommelierem (instrumental singular)
sommelierami (instrumental plural)
sommelierze (locative singular)
sommelierach (locative plural)
sommelierze (singular vocative)
sommelierzy (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from French sommelier.

ubor

sommelier, wine steward (member of staff at a restaurant who keeps the wine cellar and advises the guests on a choice of wines)


martini

Unadapted borrowing from English martini.


ful

ful (nominative singular)
fule (nominative plural)
fulu (genitive singular)
fuli (genitive plural)
fulowi (dative singular)
fulom (dative plural)
ful (accusative singular)
fule (accusative plural)
fulem (instrumental singular)
fulami (instrumental plural)
fulu (locative singular)
fulach (locative plural)
fulu (singular vocative)
fule (plural vocative)


koks

koks (nominative singular)
koksu (genitive singular)
koksowi (dative singular)
koks (accusative singular)
koksem (instrumental singular)
koksie (locative singular)
koksie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Koks, from English cokes.

(colloquial, sports) doping, especially anabolic steroids


grog

grog (nominative singular)
grogu (genitive singular)
grogowi (dative singular)
grog (accusative singular)
grogiem (instrumental singular)
grogu (locative singular)
grogu (singular vocative)

grog (alcoholic beverage made with rum and water, especially that once issued to sailors of the Royal Navy)


receptor

receptor (nominative singular)
receptorzy (nominative plural)
receptory (derogatory nominative plural)
receptora (genitive singular)
receptorów (genitive plural)
receptorowi (dative singular)
receptorom (dative plural)
receptora (accusative singular)
receptorów (accusative plural)
receptorem (instrumental singular)
receptorami (instrumental plural)
receptorze (locative singular)
receptorach (locative plural)
receptorze (singular vocative)
receptorzy (plural vocative)

(biochemistry, medicine) sensory receptor (protein on a cell wall that responds to sensory stimuli)


piana

pianka (diminutive)
piana (nominative singular)
piany (nominative plural)
piany (genitive singular)
pian (genitive plural)
pianie (dative singular)
pianom (dative plural)
pianę (accusative singular)
piany (accusative plural)
pianą (instrumental singular)
pianami (instrumental plural)
pianie (locative singular)
pianach (locative plural)
piano (singular vocative)
piany (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pěna. Doublet of pumeks.


adrenalina

adrenalina (nominative singular)
adrenaliny (genitive singular)
adrenalinie (dative singular)
adrenalinę (accusative singular)
adrenaliną (instrumental singular)
adrenalinie (locative singular)
adrenalino (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French adrénaline, from English adrenalina, from Latin ad- + Latin rēnālis + -ina, coined by Japanese chemist Takamine Jōkichi in 1901. Genericized trademark. First attested in 1901.

coin

(biochemistry) adrenaline (epinephrine, the hormone and neurotransmitter)


heroina

heroinowy (adjective)
heroina (nominative singular)
heroiny (genitive singular)
heroinie (dative singular)
heroinę (accusative singular)
heroiną (instrumental singular)
heroinie (locative singular)
heroino (singular vocative)

heroin (powerful and addictive drug derived from opium producing intense euphoria; classed as an illegal narcotic in most of the world)


żubr

żubr (nominative singular)
żubrowie (nominative plural)
żubry (derogatory nominative plural)
żubra (genitive singular)
żubrów (genitive plural)
żubrowi (dative singular)
żubrom (dative plural)
żubra (accusative singular)
żubrów (accusative plural)
żubrem (instrumental singular)
żubrami (instrumental plural)
żubrze (locative singular)
żubrach (locative plural)
żubrze (singular vocative)
żubrowie (plural vocative)
żubry (derogatory plural vocative)

→ English: zubr

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: жубръ (žubr), żubr — alternative spelling
⇒ Ukrainian: жуброви́й (žubrovýj)

→ Vilamovian: żubr

(historical, politics) żubr kresowy (representative of a group of conservative Polish landowners who lived in the early 20th century in the eastern territories of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, now part of Lithuania or Belarus)


alkohol

alkohol (nominative singular)
alkohole (nominative plural)
alkoholu (genitive singular)
alkoholi (genitive plural)
alkoholów (genitive plural)
alkoholowi (dative singular)
alkoholom (dative plural)
alkohol (accusative singular)
alkohole (accusative plural)
alkoholem (instrumental singular)
alkoholami (instrumental plural)
alkoholu (locative singular)
alkoholach (locative plural)
alkoholu (singular vocative)
alkohole (plural vocative)

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Alkohol, French alcohol, or Spanish alcohol, ultimately from Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”). First attested in 1534.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “alkohol”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(Middle Polish) finely crushed powder, crushed antimony


koka

koka (nominative singular)
koki (nominative plural)
koki (genitive singular)
kok (genitive plural)
koce (dative singular)
kokom (dative plural)
kokę (accusative singular)
koki (accusative plural)
koką (instrumental singular)
kokami (instrumental plural)
koce (locative singular)
kokach (locative plural)
koko (singular vocative)
koki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish coca, from Quechua koka or Aymara kuka.

(colloquial, uncountable) coca (dried leaf of a South American shrub used as a drug)


biosensor

biosensor (nominative singular)
biosensory (nominative plural)
biosensora (genitive singular)
biosensorów (genitive plural)
biosensorowi (dative singular)
biosensorom (dative plural)
biosensor (accusative singular)
biosensory (accusative plural)
biosensorem (instrumental singular)
biosensorami (instrumental plural)
biosensorze (locative singular)
biosensorach (locative plural)
biosensorze (singular vocative)
biosensory (plural vocative)

From bio- + sensor. First attested in 1984.

(biochemistry) biosensor (device that detects, records or transmits physiological data)


insulina

insulina (nominative singular)
insuliny (nominative plural)
insuliny (genitive singular)
insulin (genitive plural)
insulinie (dative singular)
insulinom (dative plural)
insulinę (accusative singular)
insuliny (accusative plural)
insuliną (instrumental singular)
insulinami (instrumental plural)
insulinie (locative singular)
insulinach (locative plural)
insulino (singular vocative)
insuliny (plural vocative)


sernik

pl-noun

sernik m animal or m inan (diminutive serniczek, related adjective sernikowy)

sernik m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
serniczek (diminutive)
sernikowy (adjective)
sernik (nominative singular)
serniki (nominative plural)
sernika (genitive singular)
serników (genitive plural)
sernikowi (dative singular)
sernikom (dative plural)
sernika (accusative singular)
sernik (accusative singular)
serniki (accusative plural)
sernikiem (instrumental singular)
sernikami (instrumental plural)
serniku (locative singular)
sernikach (locative plural)
serniku (singular vocative)
serniki (plural vocative)

(countable) cheesecake (pie made of sweetened and flavored cottage cheese or cream cheese, eggs, and milk on a crunchy base)


betakaroten

betakaroten (nominative singular)
betakarotenu (genitive singular)
betakarotenowi (dative singular)
betakaroten (accusative singular)
betakarotenem (instrumental singular)
betakarotenie (locative singular)
betakarotenie (singular vocative)

(biochemistry) Alternative spelling of beta-karoten


samogon

samogon (nominative singular)
samogony (nominative plural)
samogonu (genitive singular)
samogonów (genitive plural)
samogonowi (dative singular)
samogonom (dative plural)
samogon (accusative singular)
samogony (accusative plural)
samogonem (instrumental singular)
samogonami (instrumental plural)
samogonie (locative singular)
samogonach (locative plural)
samogonie (singular vocative)
samogony (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian самого́н (samogón).


kompot

pl-noun

kompot m inan (diminutive kompocik, related adjective kompotowy)

kompocik (diminutive)
kompotowy (adjective)
kompot (nominative singular)
kompoty (nominative plural)
kompotu (genitive singular)
kompotów (genitive plural)
kompotowi (dative singular)
kompotom (dative plural)
kompot (accusative singular)
kompoty (accusative plural)
kompotem (instrumental singular)
kompotami (instrumental plural)
kompocie (locative singular)
kompotach (locative plural)
kompocie (singular vocative)
kompoty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French compote. Doublet of kompost.


mojito

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish mojito.

mojito (Cuban cocktail, generally made from rum, lime, sugar, mint, etc.)


proteina

proteina (nominative singular)
proteiny (nominative plural)
proteiny (genitive singular)
protein (genitive plural)
proteinie (dative singular)
proteinom (dative plural)
proteinę (accusative singular)
proteiny (accusative plural)
proteiną (instrumental singular)
proteinami (instrumental plural)
proteinie (locative singular)
proteinach (locative plural)
proteino (singular vocative)
proteiny (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English protein, French protéine, German Protein, ultimately from Ancient Greek πρωτεῖος (prōteîos).

(biochemistry) protein (large, complex molecule composed of long chains of amino acids)


żółć

żółć (nominative singular)
żółci (genitive singular)
żółci (dative singular)
żółć (accusative singular)
żółcią (instrumental singular)
żółci (locative singular)
żółci (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zьlčь (“bile”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źulʔ-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰlh₃-. Related to *zelenъ and was under influence of *žьltъ.

inh+

Ponieważ żółć pęcherzykowa ma mocniéyszy kolor, większą gorycz i iest gęstsza od téy, która prosto z wątroby do kiszek udaie się […]

1820, Sylwan: Dziennik nauk leśnych i Myśliwych, volume I, page 63:

Because blister bile has a stronger color, a stronger bitterness, and is thicker than the bile straight from liver, it is useful for guts […]

Następuje emulgowanie tłuszczu i w tym procesie największą rolę odgrywa żółć.

1986, Krystyna Flis, Wanda Konaszewska, Podstawy żywienia człowieka, WSiP, →ISBN, page 99:

Next is the emulsification of fat and bile plays the biggest role here.

Po przejściu z kanalików do przewodzików żółciowych, a następnie do głównych przewodów żółciowych, żółć podlega dalszej reabsorpcji i wydzielaniu.

2013, Courtney M. Townsend, Chirurgia Sabiston, Elsevier Health Sciences, →ISBN, page 376:

After passing through frmo the channels do the biliary ductules, and then to the main biliary ductules, bile undergoes further reabsorbtion and emission.

(biochemistry) bile (liquid produced by the liver)


koniak

koniak (nominative singular)
koniaki (nominative plural)
koniaku (genitive singular)
koniaków (genitive plural)
koniakowi (dative singular)
koniakom (dative plural)
koniak (accusative singular)
koniaki (accusative plural)
koniakiem (instrumental singular)
koniakami (instrumental plural)
koniaku (locative singular)
koniakach (locative plural)
koniaku (singular vocative)
koniaki (plural vocative)


szampan

szampan (nominative singular)
szampany (nominative plural)
szampana (genitive singular)
szampanów (genitive plural)
szampanowi (dative singular)
szampanom (dative plural)
szampana (accusative singular)
szampany (accusative plural)
szampanem (instrumental singular)
szampanami (instrumental plural)
szampanie (locative singular)
szampanach (locative plural)
szampanie (singular vocative)
szampany (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French champagne. Doublet of kampania.


likier

likierek (diminutive)
likier (nominative singular)
likiery (nominative plural)
likieru (genitive singular)
likierów (genitive plural)
likierowi (dative singular)
likierom (dative plural)
likier (accusative singular)
likiery (accusative plural)
likierem (instrumental singular)
likierami (instrumental plural)
likierze (locative singular)
likierach (locative plural)
likierze (singular vocative)
likiery (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French liqueur, from Latin liquor. Doublet of likwor.


piwo

pl-noun

piwo n (diminutive piwko, augmentative piwsko)

piwko (diminutive)
piwsko (augmentative)
piwo (nominative singular)
piwa (nominative plural)
piwa (genitive singular)
piw (genitive plural)
piwu (dative singular)
piwom (dative plural)
piwo (accusative singular)
piwa (accusative plural)
piwem (instrumental singular)
piwami (instrumental plural)
piwie (locative singular)
piwach (locative plural)
piwo (singular vocative)
piwa (plural vocative)


albumina

albumina (nominative singular)
albuminy (nominative plural)
albuminy (genitive singular)
albumin (genitive plural)
albuminie (dative singular)
albuminom (dative plural)
albuminę (accusative singular)
albuminy (accusative plural)
albuminą (instrumental singular)
albuminami (instrumental plural)
albuminie (locative singular)
albuminach (locative plural)
albumino (singular vocative)
albuminy (plural vocative)

From Latin albūmen + -ina. First attested in 1807.

ref

Jędrzej Śniadecki (1807) Początki chemii dla uzycia słuchaczow akademickich ułozone. T. 2 (in Polish), page 117

albumina in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

ludzka albumina

albumina znakowana

surowicza albumina wołowa

wydalanie albumin z moczem

stężenie albumin

roztwór albuminy

zawartość albumin

poziom albumin

albuminy osocza

albumina jaja

przyjmować albuminę


krak

krak m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
krak (nominative singular)
kraki (nominative plural)
kraka (genitive singular)
kraku (genitive singular)
kraków (genitive plural)
krakowi (dative singular)
krakom (dative plural)
kraka (accusative singular)
krak (accusative singular)
kraki (accusative plural)
krakiem (instrumental singular)
krakami (instrumental plural)
kraku (locative singular)
krakach (locative plural)
kraku (singular vocative)
kraki (plural vocative)

(slang) crack, crack cocaine (mixture of baking soda and cocaine in solid form that is smoked in a pipe as a narcotic)


diazepam

diazepam (nominative singular)
diazepamu (genitive singular)
diazepamowi (dative singular)
diazepam (accusative singular)
diazepamem (instrumental singular)
diazepamie (locative singular)
diazepamie (singular vocative)


arak

pl-noun

arak m inan (diminutive araczek, related adjective arakowy)

araczek (diminutive)
arakowy (adjective)
arak (nominative singular)
araku (genitive singular)
arakowi (dative singular)
arak (accusative singular)
arakiem (instrumental singular)
araku (locative singular)
araku (singular vocative)

→ Kashubian: arak

→ Slovincian: arak

arak (clear, unsweetened, aniseed-flavored alcoholic drink, produced and consumed primarily in the Levant)


antabus

antabus (nominative singular)
antabusu (genitive singular)
antabusowi (dative singular)
antabus (accusative singular)
antabusem (instrumental singular)
antabusie (locative singular)
antabusie (singular vocative)


burak

burak m inan or m animal (diminutive buraczek)

burak m inan or (animal-not-person canonical masculine)
buraczek (diminutive)
burak (nominative singular)
buraki (nominative plural)
buraka (genitive singular)
buraków (genitive plural)
burakowi (dative singular)
burakom (dative plural)
burak (accusative singular)
buraka (accusative singular)
buraki (accusative plural)
burakiem (instrumental singular)
burakami (instrumental plural)
buraku (locative singular)
burakach (locative plural)
buraku (singular vocative)
buraki (plural vocative)

From earlier borak, from Medieval Latin borrāgō, from Arabic أَبُو الْعَرَق (ʔabū l-ʕaraq).

der

أَبُو الْعَرَق

Arabic أَبُو الْعَرَق (ʔabū l-ʕaraq)

(colloquial) fruit wine of an inferior brand


morfina

morfinowy (adjective)
morfina (nominative singular)
morfiny (genitive singular)
morfinie (dative singular)
morfinę (accusative singular)
morfiną (instrumental singular)
morfinie (locative singular)
morfino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English morphine, French morphine, German Morphin, ultimately from Ancient Greek Μορφεύς (Morpheús).

(biochemistry, pharmacology) morphine (opioid used as an anaesthetic or recreational drug)


lekarstwo

lekarstwo (nominative singular)
lekarstwa (nominative plural)
lekarstwa (genitive singular)
lekarstw (genitive plural)
lekarstwu (dative singular)
lekarstwom (dative plural)
lekarstwo (accusative singular)
lekarstwa (accusative plural)
lekarstwem (instrumental singular)
lekarstwami (instrumental plural)
lekarstwie (locative singular)
lekarstwach (locative plural)
lekarstwo (singular vocative)
lekarstwa (plural vocative)

From lekarz + -stwo. Compare Bulgarian лека́рство (lekárstvo), Macedonian лекарство (lekarstvo), and Russian лека́рство (lekárstvo).

(medicine) medicine, drug (substance which promotes healing)


kwas

kwasek (diminutive)
kwas (nominative singular)
kwasy (nominative plural)
kwasu (genitive singular)
kwasów (genitive plural)
kwasowi (dative singular)
kwasom (dative plural)
kwas (accusative singular)
kwasy (accusative plural)
kwasem (instrumental singular)
kwasami (instrumental plural)
kwasie (locative singular)
kwasach (locative plural)
kwasie (singular vocative)
kwasy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ. Cognate with Latin cāseus whence English cheese, and Sanskrit क्वथ् (kvath, “to boil”).

(organic chemistry, slang) LSD, lysergic acid diethylamide (powerful synthetic hallucinogen)


testosteron

testosteron (nominative singular)
testosteronu (genitive singular)
testosteronowi (dative singular)
testosteron (accusative singular)
testosteronem (instrumental singular)
testosteronie (locative singular)
testosteronie (singular vocative)


sztuka

pl-noun

sztuka f (diminutive sztuczka, abbreviation szt.)

sztuczka (diminutive)
szt. (abbreviation)
sztuka (nominative singular)
sztuki (nominative plural)
sztuki (genitive singular)
sztuk (genitive plural)
sztuce (dative singular)
sztukom (dative plural)
sztukę (accusative singular)
sztuki (accusative plural)
sztuką (instrumental singular)
sztukami (instrumental plural)
sztuce (locative singular)
sztukach (locative plural)
sztuko (singular vocative)
sztuki (plural vocative)

→ Russian: шту́ка (štúka)

Inherited from Old Polish sztuka. Sense 1 was derived from sense 12. Doublet of stiuk.

(obsolete, brewing) wheat brewed into malt

(obsolete, brewing) amount of malt designated for one brew


apteka

apteka (nominative singular)
apteki (nominative plural)
apteki (genitive singular)
aptek (genitive plural)
aptece (dative singular)
aptekom (dative plural)
aptekę (accusative singular)
apteki (accusative plural)
apteką (instrumental singular)
aptekami (instrumental plural)
aptece (locative singular)
aptekach (locative plural)
apteko (singular vocative)
apteki (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: аптэ́ка (aptéka)

→ Kashubian: aptéka

→ Russian: апте́ка (aptéka) (see there for further descendants)

→ Slovincian: aptéka

→ Ukrainian: апте́ка (aptéka)

Inherited from Old Polish apoteka. Doublet of butik.

(pharmacy) pharmacy (place where prescription drugs are dispensed)

(Middle Polish) book of prescriptions and treatments

Tata kupił wczoraj leki w aptece.

Dad bought medicine yesterday at the pharmacy


antagonista

antagonista (nominative singular)
antagonisty (nominative plural)
antagonisty (genitive singular)
antagonistów (genitive plural)
antagoniście (dative singular)
antagonistom (dative plural)
antagonistę (accusative singular)
antagonisty (accusative plural)
antagonistą (instrumental singular)
antagonistami (instrumental plural)
antagoniście (locative singular)
antagonistach (locative plural)
antagonisto (singular vocative)
antagonisty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French antagoniste, from Latin antagōnista, from Ancient Greek ἀνταγωνιστής (antagōnistḗs).

der

ἀνταγωνιστής

(biochemistry) antagonist tooth (a chemical that binds to a receptor but does not produce a physiological response, blocking the action of agonist chemicals)


adwokat

adwokat (nominative singular)
adwokaty (nominative plural)
adwokatu (genitive singular)
adwokata (genitive singular)
adwokatów (genitive plural)
adwokatowi (dative singular)
adwokatom (dative plural)
adwokat (accusative singular)
adwokaty (accusative plural)
adwokatem (instrumental singular)
adwokatami (instrumental plural)
adwokacie (locative singular)
adwokatach (locative plural)
adwokacie (singular vocative)
adwokaty (plural vocative)

butelka adwokata

kieliszek adwokata


immunoglobulina

immunoglobulina (nominative singular)
immunoglobuliny (nominative plural)
immunoglobuliny (genitive singular)
immunoglobulin (genitive plural)
immunoglobulinie (dative singular)
immunoglobulinom (dative plural)
immunoglobulinę (accusative singular)
immunoglobuliny (accusative plural)
immunoglobuliną (instrumental singular)
immunoglobulinami (instrumental plural)
immunoglobulinie (locative singular)
immunoglobulinach (locative plural)
immunoglobulino (singular vocative)
immunoglobuliny (plural vocative)


teść

teść (nominative singular)
teścia (genitive singular)
teściowi (dative singular)
teścia (accusative singular)
teściem (instrumental singular)
teściu (locative singular)
teściu (singular vocative)

(humorous, slang, biochemistry, steroids) test, testosterone (steroid hormone)


adenina

adenina (nominative singular)
adeniny (genitive singular)
adeninie (dative singular)
adeninę (accusative singular)
adeniną (instrumental singular)
adeninie (locative singular)
adenino (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek ἀδήν (adḗn, “gland”) + -ina. First attested in 1885.

ref

Wszechświat : tygodnik popularny poświęcony naukom przyrodniczym, number T. 4, nr 21, 1885, page 334

nukleotydy adeniny

(biochemistry, genetics) adenine (a base, C₅H₅N₅, found in certain glands and tissues, which pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA)


bilirubina

bilirubina (nominative singular)
bilirubiny (genitive singular)
bilirubinie (dative singular)
bilirubinę (accusative singular)
bilirubiną (instrumental singular)
bilirubinie (locative singular)
bilirubino (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English bilirubin, from Latin bīlis + Latin ruber/rubeus + -ina.


angostura

angostura (nominative singular)
angostury (genitive singular)
angosturze (dative singular)
angosturę (accusative singular)
angosturą (instrumental singular)
angosturze (locative singular)
angosturo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from German Angostura. First attested in 1874.

Carl Schorlemmer (1874) Wykład chemii organicznej czyli chemii związków węgla (in Polish), page 574


koktajl

koktajl (nominative singular)
koktajle (nominative plural)
koktajlu (genitive singular)
koktajli (genitive plural)
koktajlowi (dative singular)
koktajlom (dative plural)
koktajl (accusative singular)
koktajle (accusative plural)
koktajlem (instrumental singular)
koktajlami (instrumental plural)
koktajlu (locative singular)
koktajlach (locative plural)
koktajlu (singular vocative)
koktajle (plural vocative)


piwnica

pl-noun

piwnica f (diminutive piwniczka, related adjective piwniczny)

piwniczka (diminutive)
piwniczny (adjective)
piwnica (nominative singular)
piwnice (nominative plural)
piwnicy (genitive singular)
piwnic (genitive plural)
piwnicy (dative singular)
piwnicom (dative plural)
piwnicę (accusative singular)
piwnice (accusative plural)
piwnicą (instrumental singular)
piwnicami (instrumental plural)
piwnicy (locative singular)
piwnicach (locative plural)
piwnico (singular vocative)
piwnice (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pivьnica. By surface analysis, piwo + -nica.

(archaic) cellar (stock of liquor, especially wines, stored in an underground room)


agrest

agrest m inan (related adjective agrestowy)

agrestowy (adjective)
agrest (nominative singular)
agresty (nominative plural)
agrestu (genitive singular)
agrestów (genitive plural)
agrestowi (dative singular)
agrestom (dative plural)
agrest (accusative singular)
agresty (accusative plural)
agrestem (instrumental singular)
agrestami (instrumental plural)
agreście (locative singular)
agrestach (locative plural)
agreście (singular vocative)
agresty (plural vocative)

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: акгрестъ (agrest), а́ґрисъ (ágris), а́кгрестъ (ágrest), а́gрестъ (ágrest), а́грестъ (áhrest)
Belarusian: агрэ́ст (ahrést); а́грыст (áhryst), а́груст (áhrust), а́граст (áhrast), я́грыст (jáhryst), я́грус (jáhrus), я́груст (jáhrust), я́грэст (jáhrest) (dialectal)
Ukrainian: а́ґрус (ágrus); а́грус (áhrus), а́ґруст (ágrust), а́груст (áhrust), а́ґрес (ágres), а́грес (áhres), а́ґрест (ágrest), а́грест (áhrest), а́ґрис (ágrys), ґа́ґриз (gágryz), а́ґрист (ágryst), я́ґрес (jágres), я́грес (jáhres), я́ґрест (jágrest), я́грост (jáhrost), я́нґрес (jángres), я́нґрест (jángrest) (dialectal)
→ Middle Russian: а́грестъ (ágrest), а́гростъ (ágrost)
Russian: а́грест (ágrest), а́грус (ágrus) (dialectal)

Inherited from Old Polish agrest (“type of sour wine”).

inh+

chiński agrest

dziki agrest

zielony agrest

czerwony agrest

czarny agrest

krzak agrestu

krzew agrestu

owoc agrestu

uprawa agrestu

liście agrestu

Zupełnie zapomniałam, ten słoik z konfiturami truskawkowymi na cukrze wyniosłyśmy do piwniczki z Baśką, bo tu nie było miejsca. Tu mam agrest, ale Władek najlepiej lubił truskawki mocno scukrzone, choć mu to szkodziło.

2000, Roman Antoszewski, Kariera na trzy karpie morskie, Philip Wilson:

I had completely forgotten that I took this jar of strawberry sugar preserves out to the basement with Baśka because up here there was no room. Here I have gooseberry, but Władek loved strongly sweetened strawberreis best, even though it was bad for his health.

Ribes uva-crispa
Ribes uva-crispa#Translingual

European gooseberry, gooseberry (Ribes uva-crispa)


bełt

bełt m inan or (animal-not-person canonical masculine)
bełt (nominative singular)
bełty (nominative plural)
bełtu (genitive singular)
bełtów (genitive plural)
bełtowi (dative singular)
bełtom (dative plural)
bełt (accusative singular)
bełta (accusative singular)
bełty (accusative plural)
bełtem (instrumental singular)
bełtami (instrumental plural)
bełcie (locative singular)
bełtach (locative plural)
bełcie (singular vocative)
bełty (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish bełt. By surface analysis, deverbal from bełtać (“to stir”).

surf

(obsolete, fishing) rod (pole with a knob at the end which fishermen use to swirl the water, driving fish into the net sometimes used as a kind of oar to push the boat in shallow, swampy or overgrown places)


asparagina

asparagina (nominative singular)
asparaginy (genitive singular)
asparaginie (dative singular)
asparaginę (accusative singular)
asparaginą (instrumental singular)
asparaginie (locative singular)
asparagino (singular vocative)

From Ancient Greek ἀσπάραγος (aspáragos) + -ina.

af

grc:ἀσπάραγος


szarlotka

szarlotka (nominative singular)
szarlotki (nominative plural)
szarlotki (genitive singular)
szarlotek (genitive plural)
szarlotce (dative singular)
szarlotkom (dative plural)
szarlotkę (accusative singular)
szarlotki (accusative plural)
szarlotką (instrumental singular)
szarlotkami (instrumental plural)
szarlotce (locative singular)
szarlotkach (locative plural)
szarlotko (singular vocative)
szarlotki (plural vocative)

a cocktail made from apple juice and bison grass vodka with a taste reminiscent of apple pie


węgiel

pl-noun

węgiel m inan (diminutive węgielek, related adjective węglowy or węgielny)

węgielek (diminutive)
węglowy (adjective)
węgielny (adjective)
węgiel (nominative singular)
węgle (nominative plural)
węgla (genitive singular)
węgli (genitive plural)
węglowi (dative singular)
węglom (dative plural)
węgiel (accusative singular)
węgle (accusative plural)
węglem (instrumental singular)
węglami (instrumental plural)
węglu (locative singular)
węglach (locative plural)
węglu (singular vocative)
węgle (plural vocative)

(uncountable, pharmacology) carbon (chemical element carbon used against poison and diarrhea)


dżin

dżin (nominative singular)
dżiny (nominative plural)
dżinu (genitive singular)
dżinów (genitive plural)
dżinowi (dative singular)
dżinom (dative plural)
dżin (accusative singular)
dżiny (accusative plural)
dżinem (instrumental singular)
dżinami (instrumental plural)
dżinie (locative singular)
dżinach (locative plural)
dżinie (singular vocative)
dżiny (plural vocative)


granulocyt

granulocyt (nominative singular)
granulocyty (nominative plural)
granulocytu (genitive singular)
granulocytów (genitive plural)
granulocytowi (dative singular)
granulocytom (dative plural)
granulocyt (accusative singular)
granulocyty (accusative plural)
granulocytem (instrumental singular)
granulocytami (instrumental plural)
granulocycie (locative singular)
granulocytach (locative plural)
granulocycie (singular vocative)
granulocyty (plural vocative)


alpaga

alpaga (nominative singular)
alpagi (nominative plural)
alpagi (genitive singular)
alpag (genitive plural)
alpadze (dative singular)
alpagom (dative plural)
alpagę (accusative singular)
alpagi (accusative plural)
alpagą (instrumental singular)
alpagami (instrumental plural)
alpadze (locative singular)
alpagach (locative plural)
alpago (singular vocative)
alpagi (plural vocative)

Uncertain. Perhaps related to alpaka (“alpaca”), or more likely related to alpaka (“nickel silver”) with a semantic shift of metal imitating silver > imitation > imitation wine. First attested in the late 20th century.

ref

Perfect (lyrics and music) (1982) “Autobiografia”, in Unu

pić alpagę


otruć

truć (imperfective)
otruwać (imperfective)
otruć (infinitive)
otruję (future singular)
otrujemy (future plural)
otrujesz (future singular)
otrujecie (future plural)
otruje (future singular third-person)
otrują (future plural third-person)
otruje się (future impersonal)
otrułem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m otruł (masculine past singular)
otrułam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m otruła (feminine past singular)
otrułom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m otruło (neuter past singular)
otruliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy otruli (past plural virile)
otrułyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy otruły (nonvirile past plural)
otrułeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś otruł (masculine past singular)
otrułaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś otruła (feminine past singular)
otrułoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś otruło (neuter past singular)
otruliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście otruli (past plural virile)
otrułyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście otruły (nonvirile past plural)
otruł (masculine past singular third-person)
otruła (feminine past singular third-person)
otruło (neuter past singular third-person)
otruli (past plural third-person virile)
otruły (nonvirile past plural third-person)
otruto (impersonal past)
otrułbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym otruł (conditional masculine singular)
otrułabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym otruła (conditional feminine singular)
otrułobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym otruło (conditional neuter singular)
otrulibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy otruli (conditional plural virile)
otrułybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy otruły (conditional nonvirile plural)
otrułbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś otruł (conditional masculine singular)
otrułabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś otruła (conditional feminine singular)
otrułobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś otruło (conditional neuter singular)
otrulibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście otruli (conditional plural virile)
otrułybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście otruły (conditional nonvirile plural)
otrułby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by otruł (conditional masculine singular third-person)
otrułaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by otruła (conditional feminine singular third-person)
otrułoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by otruło (conditional neuter singular third-person)
otruliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by otruli (conditional plural third-person virile)
otrułyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by otruły (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
otruto by (conditional impersonal)
niech otruję (imperative singular)
otrujmy (imperative plural)
otruj (imperative singular)
otrujcie (imperative plural)
niech otruje (imperative singular third-person)
niech otrują (imperative plural third-person)
otruty (adjectival masculine participle passive singular)
otruta (adjectival feminine participle passive singular)
otrute (adjectival neuter participle passive singular)
otruci (adjectival participle passive plural virile)
otrute (adjectival nonvirile participle passive plural)
otruwszy (adverbial anterior participle)
otrucie (noun-from-verb)

(transitive) to poison (to kill or injure using poison)


truć

otruć (perfective)
truć (infinitive)
truję (present singular)
trujemy (plural present)
trujesz (present singular)
trujecie (plural present)
truje (present singular third-person)
trują (plural present third-person)
truje się (impersonal present)
trułem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m truł (masculine past singular)
trułam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m truła (feminine past singular)
trułom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m truło (neuter past singular)
truliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy truli (past plural virile)
trułyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy truły (nonvirile past plural)
trułeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś truł (masculine past singular)
trułaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś truła (feminine past singular)
trułoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś truło (neuter past singular)
truliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście truli (past plural virile)
trułyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście truły (nonvirile past plural)
truł (masculine past singular third-person)
truła (feminine past singular third-person)
truło (neuter past singular third-person)
truli (past plural third-person virile)
truły (nonvirile past plural third-person)
truto (impersonal past)
będę truł (future masculine singular)
będę truć (future masculine singular)
będę truła (feminine future singular)
będę truć (feminine future singular)
będę truło (future neuter singular)
będę truć (future neuter singular)
będziemy truli (future plural virile)
będziemy truć (future plural virile)
będziemy truły (future nonvirile plural)
będziemy truć (future nonvirile plural)
będziesz truł (future masculine singular)
będziesz truć (future masculine singular)
będziesz truła (feminine future singular)
będziesz truć (feminine future singular)
będziesz truło (future neuter singular)
będziesz truć (future neuter singular)
będziecie truli (future plural virile)
będziecie truć (future plural virile)
będziecie truły (future nonvirile plural)
będziecie truć (future nonvirile plural)
będzie truł (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie truć (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie truła (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie truć (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie truło (future neuter singular third-person)
będzie truć (future neuter singular third-person)
będą truli (future plural third-person virile)
będą truć (future plural third-person virile)
będą truły (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będą truć (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będzie truć się (future impersonal)
trułbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym truł (conditional masculine singular)
trułabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym truła (conditional feminine singular)
trułobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym truło (conditional neuter singular)
trulibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy truli (conditional plural virile)
trułybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy truły (conditional nonvirile plural)
trułbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś truł (conditional masculine singular)
trułabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś truła (conditional feminine singular)
trułobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś truło (conditional neuter singular)
trulibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście truli (conditional plural virile)
trułybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście truły (conditional nonvirile plural)
trułby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by truł (conditional masculine singular third-person)
trułaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by truła (conditional feminine singular third-person)
trułoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by truło (conditional neuter singular third-person)
truliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by truli (conditional plural third-person virile)
trułyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by truły (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
truto by (conditional impersonal)
niech truję (imperative singular)
trujmy (imperative plural)
truj (imperative singular)
trujcie (imperative plural)
niech truje (imperative singular third-person)
niech trują (imperative plural third-person)
trujący (active adjectival masculine participle singular)
trująca (active adjectival feminine participle singular)
trujące (active adjectival neuter participle singular)
trujący (active adjectival participle plural virile)
trujące (active adjectival nonvirile participle plural)
truty (adjectival masculine participle passive singular)
truta (adjectival feminine participle passive singular)
trute (adjectival neuter participle passive singular)
truci (adjectival participle passive plural virile)
trute (adjectival nonvirile participle passive plural)
trując (adjectival contemporary participle)
trucie (noun-from-verb)

(intransitive, colloquial) to pester by talking at length to someone about something boring or insignificant [with dative ‘to whom’]


barszcz

barszczyk (diminutive)
barszcz (nominative singular)
barszcze (nominative plural)
barszczu (genitive singular)
barszczów (genitive plural)
barszczy (genitive plural)
barszczowi (dative singular)
barszczom (dative plural)
barszcz (accusative singular)
barszcze (accusative plural)
barszczem (instrumental singular)
barszczami (instrumental plural)
barszczu (locative singular)
barszczach (locative plural)
barszczu (singular vocative)
barszcze (plural vocative)

→ English: barszcz

→ Esperanto: barĉo

desctree

→ Old Ruthenian: барщъ (baršč)
Belarusian: баршч (baršč)

Inherited from Old Polish barszcz, with a semantic shift of hogweed > sour hogweed soup > other sour soups > beetroot soup. For the semantic shift, compare Ukrainian борщ (boršč).

(obsolete, cooking) sourdough; sourdough starter; leavening agent


serotonina

pl-noun

serotonina f (related adjective serotoninowy)

serotoninowy (adjective)
serotonina (nominative singular)
serotoniny (genitive singular)
serotoninie (dative singular)
serotoninę (accusative singular)
serotoniną (instrumental singular)
serotoninie (locative singular)
serotonino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English serotonin, French sérotonine, German Serotonin.

(organic chemistry) serotonin (indoleamine neurotransmitter, 5-hydroxytryptamine, that is involved in depression, appetite, etc., and is crucial in maintaining a sense of well-being, security, etc.)


antidotum

antidotum (nominative singular)
antidota (nominative plural)
antidotum (genitive singular)
antidotów (genitive plural)
antidotum (dative singular)
antidotom (dative plural)
antidotum (accusative singular)
antidota (accusative plural)
antidotum (instrumental singular)
antidotami (instrumental plural)
antidotum (locative singular)
antidotach (locative plural)
antidotum (singular vocative)
antidota (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin antidotum, from Ancient Greek ἀντίδοτος (antídotos, “antidote, remedy”), from ἀντιδίδωμι (antidídōmi, “to give in return”). Doublet of antydot.

der

+obj

na (+ accusative) ‘for what’ przeciw (+ dative) ‘against what’

(medicine) antidote (remedy to counteract the effects of poison) [with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’ or przeciw (+ dative) ‘against what’]


farmakologia

farmakologia (nominative singular)
farmakologii (genitive singular)
farmakologii (dative singular)
farmakologię (accusative singular)
farmakologią (instrumental singular)
farmakologii (locative singular)
farmakologio (singular vocative)


białko

białkowy (adjective)
białko (nominative singular)
białka (nominative plural)
białka (genitive singular)
białek (genitive plural)
białku (dative singular)
białkom (dative plural)
białko (accusative singular)
białka (accusative plural)
białkiem (instrumental singular)
białkami (instrumental plural)
białku (locative singular)
białkach (locative plural)
białko (singular vocative)
białka (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bělъkъ. By surface analysis, biały + -ko. Sense 2 is a semantic loan from Latin albūmen. For the sense of albumen, compare English white (of the eye) and German weiße (Augenhaut).

sl

(biochemistry) protein (large, complex molecule composed of long chains of amino acids)


bordeaux

Unadapted borrowing from French bordeaux.

ubor

Bordeaux (wine coming from Bordeaux in France)


agonista

agonista (nominative singular)
agonisty (nominative plural)
agonisty (genitive singular)
agonistów (genitive plural)
agoniście (dative singular)
agonistom (dative plural)
agonistę (accusative singular)
agonisty (accusative plural)
agonistą (instrumental singular)
agonistami (instrumental plural)
agoniście (locative singular)
agonistach (locative plural)
agonisto (singular vocative)
agonisty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English agonist. By surface analysis, agonia + -ista. First attested in 1808.

wybiórczy agonista

silny agonista

agonista receptorów

zastosowanie agonistów

grupa agonistów

(biochemistry, pharmacology) agonist (molecule that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce a physiological reaction)


winnica

winniczka (diminutive)
winnica (nominative singular)
winnice (nominative plural)
winnicy (genitive singular)
winnic (genitive plural)
winnicy (dative singular)
winnicom (dative plural)
winnicę (accusative singular)
winnice (accusative plural)
winnicą (instrumental singular)
winnicami (instrumental plural)
winnicy (locative singular)
winnicach (locative plural)
winnico (singular vocative)
winnice (plural vocative)


winny

pl-adj

winny (not comparable, no derived adverb)

winny (masculine nominative singular)
winna (feminine nominative singular)
winne (neuter nominative singular)
winni (nominative plural virile)
winne (nominative plural)
winnego (genitive masculine singular)
winnej (feminine genitive singular)
winnego (genitive neuter singular)
winnych (genitive plural)
winnych (genitive plural virile)
winnemu (dative masculine singular)
winnej (dative feminine singular)
winnemu (dative neuter singular)
winnym (dative plural)
winnym (dative plural virile)
winnego (accusative animate masculine singular)
winny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
winną (accusative feminine singular)
winne (accusative neuter singular)
winnych (accusative plural virile)
winne (accusative plural)
winnym (instrumental masculine singular)
winną (feminine instrumental singular)
winnym (instrumental neuter singular)
winnymi (instrumental plural)
winnymi (instrumental plural virile)
winnym (locative masculine singular)
winnej (feminine locative singular)
winnym (locative neuter singular)
winnych (locative plural)
winnych (locative plural virile)

winny:

bordeaux, claret (having a dark red color tinged with purple, like that of Bordeaux (red) wine)


uzależnienie

uzależnienie (nominative singular)
uzależnienia (nominative plural)
uzależnienia (genitive singular)
uzależnień (genitive plural)
uzależnieniu (dative singular)
uzależnieniom (dative plural)
uzależnienie (accusative singular)
uzależnienia (accusative plural)
uzależnieniem (instrumental singular)
uzależnieniami (instrumental plural)
uzależnieniu (locative singular)
uzależnieniach (locative plural)
uzależnienie (singular vocative)
uzależnienia (plural vocative)

(countable) addiction (state of being physically or psychologically dependent on something, e.g., drugs, alcohol, gambling)


ścierwo

ścierwo (nominative singular)
ścierwa (nominative plural)
ścierwa (genitive singular)
ścierw (genitive plural)
ścierwu (dative singular)
ścierwom (dative plural)
ścierwo (accusative singular)
ścierwa (accusative plural)
ścierwem (instrumental singular)
ścierwami (instrumental plural)
ścierwie (locative singular)
ścierwach (locative plural)
ścierwo (singular vocative)
ścierwa (plural vocative)

/ˈɕt͡ɕɛr.vɔ/

Inherited from Old Polish ścirwo, from ścierw, ścirw, ścirzw, from Proto-Slavic *stьrvь.


narkomania

narkomania (nominative singular)
narkomanii (genitive singular)
narkomanii (dative singular)
narkomanię (accusative singular)
narkomanią (instrumental singular)
narkomanii (locative singular)
narkomanio (singular vocative)


drin

drin (nominative singular)
driny (nominative plural)
drina (genitive singular)
drinów (genitive plural)
drinowi (dative singular)
drinom (dative plural)
drina (accusative singular)
driny (accusative plural)
drinem (instrumental singular)
drinami (instrumental plural)
drinie (locative singular)
drinach (locative plural)
drinie (singular vocative)
driny (plural vocative)

(colloquial) drink (served alcoholic beverage)


szampon

szampon (nominative singular)
szampony (nominative plural)
szamponu (genitive singular)
szamponów (genitive plural)
szamponowi (dative singular)
szamponom (dative plural)
szampon (accusative singular)
szampony (accusative plural)
szamponem (instrumental singular)
szamponami (instrumental plural)
szamponie (locative singular)
szamponach (locative plural)
szamponie (singular vocative)
szampony (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Schampun. Slang sense from a pun on szampan.


amfetamina

pl-noun

amfetamina f (related adjective amfetaminowy)

amfetaminowy (adjective)
amfetamina (nominative singular)
amfetaminy (genitive singular)
amfetaminie (dative singular)
amfetaminę (accusative singular)
amfetaminą (instrumental singular)
amfetaminie (locative singular)
amfetamino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English amphetamine, French amphétamine, and German Amphetamin, ultimately from a(lpha-)m(ethyl)ph(en)eth(yl)amine. First attested in 1953.

ref

Bibliografia Zawartości Czasopism (in Polish), number R. 7, z. 11, 1953, page 956

(organic chemistry) amphetamine (racemic freebase of 1-phenylpropan-2-amine; an equal parts mixture of levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine in their pure amine forms)


lipoproteina

lipoproteina (nominative singular)
lipoproteiny (genitive singular)
lipoproteinie (dative singular)
lipoproteinę (accusative singular)
lipoproteiną (instrumental singular)
lipoproteinie (locative singular)
lipoproteino (singular vocative)

From lipo- + proteina. First attested in the.


narkotyk

narkotyk (nominative singular)
narkotyki (nominative plural)
narkotyku (genitive singular)
narkotyków (genitive plural)
narkotykowi (dative singular)
narkotykom (dative plural)
narkotyk (accusative singular)
narkotyki (accusative plural)
narkotykiem (instrumental singular)
narkotykami (instrumental plural)
narkotyku (locative singular)
narkotykach (locative plural)
narkotyku (singular vocative)
narkotyki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French narcotique, from Medieval Latin narcōticum, from Ancient Greek ναρκόω (narkóō, “Ι benumb”), from νάρκη (nárkē, “numbness, torpor”).

der

drug (affecting the central nervous system)


jabłecznik

jabłecznik (nominative singular)
jabłeczniki (nominative plural)
jabłecznika (genitive singular)
jabłeczników (genitive plural)
jabłecznikowi (dative singular)
jabłecznikom (dative plural)
jabłecznik (accusative singular)
jabłeczniki (accusative plural)
jabłecznikiem (instrumental singular)
jabłecznikami (instrumental plural)
jabłeczniku (locative singular)
jabłecznikach (locative plural)
jabłeczniku (singular vocative)
jabłeczniki (plural vocative)


atropina

atropina (nominative singular)
atropiny (genitive singular)
atropinie (dative singular)
atropinę (accusative singular)
atropiną (instrumental singular)
atropinie (locative singular)
atropino (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French atropine, from Latin Atropa.

(toxicology, organic chemistry) atropine


rennina

rennina (nominative singular)
renniny (genitive singular)
renninie (dative singular)
renninę (accusative singular)
renniną (instrumental singular)
renninie (locative singular)
rennino (singular vocative)


hemoglobina

hemoglobina (nominative singular)
hemoglobiny (genitive singular)
hemoglobinie (dative singular)
hemoglobinę (accusative singular)
hemoglobiną (instrumental singular)
hemoglobinie (locative singular)
hemoglobino (singular vocative)


krówka

krówka (nominative singular)
krówki (nominative plural)
krówki (genitive singular)
krówek (genitive plural)
krówce (dative singular)
krówkom (dative plural)
krówkę (accusative singular)
krówki (accusative plural)
krówką (instrumental singular)
krówkami (instrumental plural)
krówce (locative singular)
krówkach (locative plural)
krówko (singular vocative)
krówki (plural vocative)

(colloquial) large bottle of vodka (0.7 litre or more)


albuminoid

albuminoid (nominative singular)
albuminoidy (nominative plural)
albuminoidu (genitive singular)
albuminoidów (genitive plural)
albuminoidowi (dative singular)
albuminoidom (dative plural)
albuminoid (accusative singular)
albuminoidy (accusative plural)
albuminoidem (instrumental singular)
albuminoidami (instrumental plural)
albuminoidzie (locative singular)
albuminoidach (locative plural)
albuminoidzie (singular vocative)
albuminoidy (plural vocative)

From albumina + -oid. First attested in 1860.

ref

Rocznik Ces. Król. Towarzystwa Naukowego Krakowskiego (in Polish), number T. 4 (1860) = t. 27 + wkł. (8), 1860, page 218

albuminoid in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

(biochemistry) albuminoid (simple protein of a subclass mainly derived from animal connective or supportive tissue)


biogaz

biogaz (nominative singular)
biogazu (genitive singular)
biogazowi (dative singular)
biogaz (accusative singular)
biogazem (instrumental singular)
biogazie (locative singular)
biogazie (singular vocative)

From bio- + gaz. First attested in 1952.

biogaz wysypiskowy/z wysypiska

biogaz z odpadów

biogaz z osadów

złoża biogazu

biogaz powstaje (gdzieś)

odzyskiwać biogaz

pozyskiwać biogaz

wytwarzać biogaz

spalać biogaz

wykorzystywać biogaz


syrop

syrop (nominative singular)
syropy (nominative plural)
syropu (genitive singular)
syropów (genitive plural)
syropowi (dative singular)
syropom (dative plural)
syrop (accusative singular)
syropy (accusative plural)
syropem (instrumental singular)
syropami (instrumental plural)
syropie (locative singular)
syropach (locative plural)
syropie (singular vocative)
syropy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin sirōpus.


browar

browar (nominative singular)
browary (nominative plural)
browaru (genitive singular)
browarów (genitive plural)
browarowi (dative singular)
browarom (dative plural)
browar (accusative singular)
browary (accusative plural)
browarem (instrumental singular)
browarami (instrumental plural)
browarze (locative singular)
browarach (locative plural)
browarze (singular vocative)
browary (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle High German broawer (“brewer”), from broawen (“to brew”).


acetanilid

acetanilid (nominative singular)
acetanilidu (genitive singular)
acetanilidowi (dative singular)
acetanilid (accusative singular)
acetanilidem (instrumental singular)
acetanilidzie (locative singular)
acetanilidzie (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English acetanilide. First attested in 1872.

ref

Henry Enfield Roscoe, Arnolfa Nawratila (1872) Zarys chemii ogólnej: opracowany podług Roscoe'go (in Polish), page 444

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) acetanilide (the amide derived from acetic acid and aniline; once used medicinally as an analgesic and antipyretic)


pigułka

pigułeczka (diminutive)
pigułka (nominative singular)
pigułki (nominative plural)
pigułki (genitive singular)
pigułek (genitive plural)
pigułce (dative singular)
pigułkom (dative plural)
pigułkę (accusative singular)
pigułki (accusative plural)
pigułką (instrumental singular)
pigułkami (instrumental plural)
pigułce (locative singular)
pigułkach (locative plural)
pigułko (singular vocative)
pigułki (plural vocative)


diler

pl-noun

diler m pers (female equivalent dilerka, related adjective dilerski)

dilerka (feminine)
dilerski (adjective)
diler (nominative singular)
dilerzy (nominative plural)
dilery (derogatory nominative plural)
dilera (genitive singular)
dilerów (genitive plural)
dilerowi (dative singular)
dilerom (dative plural)
dilera (accusative singular)
dilerów (accusative plural)
dilerem (instrumental singular)
dilerami (instrumental plural)
dilerze (locative singular)
dilerach (locative plural)
dilerze (singular vocative)
dilerzy (plural vocative)

drug dealer (person who illegally sells recreational drugs)


abatacept

abatacept (nominative singular)
abataceptu (genitive singular)
abataceptowi (dative singular)
abatacept (accusative singular)
abataceptem (instrumental singular)
abatacepcie (locative singular)
abatacepcie (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English abatacept.

Pierwsze badania kliniczne z randomizacją z zastosowaniem abataceptu, belimumabu, rytuksymabu i abetimusu sodu w leczeniu tocznia zakończyły się niepowodzeniem.

2011, Justyna Kramza, Eugeniusz J Kucharz, “Zastosowanie leków biologicznych w terapii tocznia rumieniowatego układowego”, in Reumatologia, volume 49, pages 264–274:

The first clinical tests with randomized use of abatacept, belimumab, rituximab, and abetimus sodium for treating lupus ended in failure.


witamina

witaminka (diminutive)
witamina (nominative singular)
witaminy (nominative plural)
witaminy (genitive singular)
witamin (genitive plural)
witaminie (dative singular)
witaminom (dative plural)
witaminę (accusative singular)
witaminy (accusative plural)
witaminą (instrumental singular)
witaminami (instrumental plural)
witaminie (locative singular)
witaminach (locative plural)
witamino (singular vocative)
witaminy (plural vocative)

From Latin vīta + amina. Coined by Polish biochemist Casimir Funk in 1912.

coin

vitamin (organic compound essential to human health)


cydr

cydr (nominative singular)
cydry (nominative plural)
cydru (genitive singular)
cydrów (genitive plural)
cydrowi (dative singular)
cydrom (dative plural)
cydr (accusative singular)
cydry (accusative plural)
cydrem (instrumental singular)
cydrami (instrumental plural)
cydrze (locative singular)
cydrach (locative plural)
cydrze (singular vocative)
cydry (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French cidre, from Old French sidre, from Late Latin sīcera, from Ancient Greek σίκερα (síkera), from Hebrew שֵׁכָר (šēḵār).

der

Hebrew שֵׁכָר (šēḵār)


alchermes

alchermes (nominative singular)
alchermesy (nominative plural)
alchermesu (genitive singular)
alchermesów (genitive plural)
alchermesowi (dative singular)
alchermesom (dative plural)
alchermes (accusative singular)
alchermesy (accusative plural)
alchermesem (instrumental singular)
alchermesami (instrumental plural)
alchermesie (locative singular)
alchermesach (locative plural)
alchermesie (singular vocative)
alchermesy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Arabic الْقِرْمِز (al-qirmiz).

bor+

Middle Polish form of alkiermes (“alkermes, type of medicine obtained from kermes insects”)


amigdalina

amigdalina (nominative singular)
amigdaliny (genitive singular)
amigdalinie (dative singular)
amigdalinę (accusative singular)
amigdaliną (instrumental singular)
amigdalinie (locative singular)
amigdalino (singular vocative)


chmiel

chmiel (nominative singular)
chmiele (nominative plural)
chmiela (genitive singular)
chmieli (genitive plural)
chmielowi (dative singular)
chmielom (dative plural)
chmiela (accusative singular)
chmiele (accusative plural)
chmielem (instrumental singular)
chmielami (instrumental plural)
chmielu (locative singular)
chmielach (locative plural)
chmielu (singular vocative)
chmiele (plural vocative)


histamina

histamina (nominative singular)
histaminy (genitive singular)
histaminie (dative singular)
histaminę (accusative singular)
histaminą (instrumental singular)
histaminie (locative singular)
histamino (singular vocative)


spirytus

pl-noun

spirytus m inan (related adjective spirytusowy)

spirytusowy (adjective)
spirytus (nominative singular)
spirytusy (nominative plural)
spirytusu (genitive singular)
spirytusów (genitive plural)
spirytusowi (dative singular)
spirytusom (dative plural)
spirytus (accusative singular)
spirytusy (accusative plural)
spirytusem (instrumental singular)
spirytusami (instrumental plural)
spirytusie (locative singular)
spirytusach (locative plural)
spirytusie (singular vocative)
spirytusy (plural vocative)

→ English: spirytus

Learned borrowing from Latin spīritus. Doublet of spryt.

rectified spirit; spirytus (very strong Polish alcohol used in medicine and for the preparation of alcoholic infusions called nalewka)


doza

doza (nominative singular)
dozy (nominative plural)
dozy (genitive singular)
doz (genitive plural)
dozie (dative singular)
dozom (dative plural)
dozę (accusative singular)
dozy (accusative plural)
dozą (instrumental singular)
dozami (instrumental plural)
dozie (locative singular)
dozach (locative plural)
dozo (singular vocative)
dozy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French dose, from Late Latin dosis, from Ancient Greek δόσις (dósis).

(pharmacology) dose, dosage (measured portion of medicine)


kodeina

kodeinowy (adjective)
kodeina (nominative singular)
kodeiny (genitive singular)
kodeinie (dative singular)
kodeinę (accusative singular)
kodeiną (instrumental singular)
kodeinie (locative singular)
kodeino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English codeine, French codéine, German Kodein, ultimately from Ancient Greek κώδειᾰ (kṓdeia).

(pharmacology) codeine (addictive alkaloid narcotic derived from opium and used as a hypnotic, analgesic and antitussive; often mixed with aspirin)


kokaina

kokainowy (adjective)
kokaina (nominative singular)
kokainy (genitive singular)
kokainie (dative singular)
kokainę (accusative singular)
kokainą (instrumental singular)
kokainie (locative singular)
kokaino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English cocaine, French cocaïne, German Kokain, ultimately from Spanish coca, from Quechua koka or Aymara kuka.

cocaine (addictive drug derived from coca or prepared synthetically, used sometimes medicinally as a local anesthetic and, often illegally, as a stimulant)


galaktoza

galaktoza (nominative singular)
galaktozy (nominative plural)
galaktozy (genitive singular)
galaktoz (genitive plural)
galaktozie (dative singular)
galaktozom (dative plural)
galaktozę (accusative singular)
galaktozy (accusative plural)
galaktozą (instrumental singular)
galaktozami (instrumental plural)
galaktozie (locative singular)
galaktozach (locative plural)
galaktozo (singular vocative)
galaktozy (plural vocative)

From Ancient Greek γάλακτος (gálaktos) + -oza.

af

grc:γάλακτος


bimber

bimber (nominative singular)
bimbru (genitive singular)
bimbrowi (dative singular)
bimber (accusative singular)
bimbrem (instrumental singular)
bimbrze (locative singular)
bimbrze (singular vocative)

Unknown. Bańkowski suggests the word has origins in prison slang with an original meaning of "stolen goods", particularly watches, in reference to a criminal caught with "corpus delicti", with a semantic shift to any illicit material, and ultimately to illegal alcohol. First attested in 1937.

mocny bimber

domowy bimber

własny bimber

wódka i bimber

bańka bimbru

butelka bimbru

szklanka bimbru

litr bimbru

pędzić bimber

produkować bimber

robić bimber

pić bimber

przypominać bimber


alkermes

alkermes (nominative singular)
alkermesy (nominative plural)
alkermesu (genitive singular)
alkermesów (genitive plural)
alkermesowi (dative singular)
alkermesom (dative plural)
alkermes (accusative singular)
alkermesy (accusative plural)
alkermesem (instrumental singular)
alkermesami (instrumental plural)
alkermesie (locative singular)
alkermesach (locative plural)
alkermesie (singular vocative)
alkermesy (plural vocative)


farmaceuta

pl-noun

farmaceuta m pers (female equivalent farmaceutka)

farmaceutka (feminine)
farmaceuta (nominative singular)
farmaceuci (nominative plural)
farmaceuty (derogatory nominative plural)
farmaceuty (genitive singular)
farmaceutów (genitive plural)
farmaceucie (dative singular)
farmaceutom (dative plural)
farmaceutę (accusative singular)
farmaceutów (accusative plural)
farmaceutą (instrumental singular)
farmaceutami (instrumental plural)
farmaceucie (locative singular)
farmaceutach (locative plural)
farmaceuto (singular vocative)
farmaceuci (plural vocative)

apothecary, chemist, druggist, pharmacist


aptekarz

aptekarz m pers (female equivalent aptekarka)

aptekarka (feminine)
aptekarz (nominative singular)
aptekarze (nominative plural)
aptekarza (genitive singular)
aptekarzy (genitive plural)
aptekarzowi (dative singular)
aptekarzom (dative plural)
aptekarza (accusative singular)
aptekarzy (accusative plural)
aptekarzem (instrumental singular)
aptekarzami (instrumental plural)
aptekarzu (locative singular)
aptekarzach (locative plural)
aptekarzu (singular vocative)
aptekarze (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish apotekarz. By surface analysis, apteka + -arz.


helena

helena (nominative singular)
heleny (genitive singular)
helenie (dative singular)
helenę (accusative singular)
heleną (instrumental singular)
helenie (locative singular)
heleno (singular vocative)

Nigdy nie jarałem heleny.


farmaceutyczny

pl-adj

farmaceutyczny (not comparable, no derived adverb)

farmaceutyczny (masculine nominative singular)
farmaceutyczna (feminine nominative singular)
farmaceutyczne (neuter nominative singular)
farmaceutyczni (nominative plural virile)
farmaceutyczne (nominative plural)
farmaceutycznego (genitive masculine singular)
farmaceutycznej (feminine genitive singular)
farmaceutycznego (genitive neuter singular)
farmaceutycznych (genitive plural)
farmaceutycznych (genitive plural virile)
farmaceutycznemu (dative masculine singular)
farmaceutycznej (dative feminine singular)
farmaceutycznemu (dative neuter singular)
farmaceutycznym (dative plural)
farmaceutycznym (dative plural virile)
farmaceutycznego (accusative animate masculine singular)
farmaceutyczny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
farmaceutyczną (accusative feminine singular)
farmaceutyczne (accusative neuter singular)
farmaceutycznych (accusative plural virile)
farmaceutyczne (accusative plural)
farmaceutycznym (instrumental masculine singular)
farmaceutyczną (feminine instrumental singular)
farmaceutycznym (instrumental neuter singular)
farmaceutycznymi (instrumental plural)
farmaceutycznymi (instrumental plural virile)
farmaceutycznym (locative masculine singular)
farmaceutycznej (feminine locative singular)
farmaceutycznym (locative neuter singular)
farmaceutycznych (locative plural)
farmaceutycznych (locative plural virile)

Internationalism; compare English pharmaceutical, French pharmaceutique, German pharmazeutisch, ultimately from Latin pharmaceuticus, from Ancient Greek φαρμακευτικός (pharmakeutikós). By surface analysis, farmaceuta + -yczny.

der

φαρμακευτικός


aptekarski

pl-adj

aptekarski (not comparable, no derived adverb)

Inherited from Old Polish apotekarski. By surface analysis, aptekarz + -ski.

(relational, pharmacy) pharmacy, pharmacist's; pharmaceutical (of or pertaining to pharmacists or pharmacies)


peptyd

peptyd (nominative singular)
peptydy (nominative plural)
peptydu (genitive singular)
peptydów (genitive plural)
peptydowi (dative singular)
peptydom (dative plural)
peptyd (accusative singular)
peptydy (accusative plural)
peptydem (instrumental singular)
peptydami (instrumental plural)
peptydzie (locative singular)
peptydach (locative plural)
peptydzie (singular vocative)
peptydy (plural vocative)


malaga

malaga (nominative singular)
malagi (nominative plural)
malagi (genitive singular)
malag (genitive plural)
maladze (dative singular)
malagom (dative plural)
malagę (accusative singular)
malagi (accusative plural)
malagą (instrumental singular)
malagami (instrumental plural)
maladze (locative singular)
malagach (locative plural)
malago (singular vocative)
malagi (plural vocative)


kieliszek

pl-noun

kieliszek m inan (diminutive kieliszeczek)

kieliszeczek (diminutive)
kieliszek (nominative singular)
kieliszki (nominative plural)
kieliszka (genitive singular)
kieliszków (genitive plural)
kieliszkowi (dative singular)
kieliszkom (dative plural)
kieliszek (accusative singular)
kieliszki (accusative plural)
kieliszkiem (instrumental singular)
kieliszkami (instrumental plural)
kieliszku (locative singular)
kieliszkach (locative plural)
kieliszku (singular vocative)
kieliszki (plural vocative)


melatonina

melatonina f (related adjective melatoninowy)

melatoninowy (adjective)
melatonina (nominative singular)
melatoniny (genitive singular)
melatoninie (dative singular)
melatoninę (accusative singular)
melatoniną (instrumental singular)
melatoninie (locative singular)
melatonino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English melatonin, French mélatonine, German Melatonin.

(organic chemistry) melatonin (hormone, related to serotonin, that is secreted by the pineal gland, and stimulates colour change in the skin of reptiles, and is involved in the sleep/wake and reproductive cycles in mammals)


małpka

małpeczka (diminutive)
małpka (nominative singular)
małpki (nominative plural)
małpki (genitive singular)
małpek (genitive plural)
małpce (dative singular)
małpkom (dative plural)
małpkę (accusative singular)
małpki (accusative plural)
małpką (instrumental singular)
małpkami (instrumental plural)
małpce (locative singular)
małpkach (locative plural)
małpko (singular vocative)
małpki (plural vocative)

(colloquial) small bottle of strong liquor, typically 100 ml or 250 ml


szkocka

szkocka (nominative singular)
szkockie (nominative plural)
szkockiej (genitive singular)
szkockich (genitive plural)
szkockiej (dative singular)
szkockim (dative plural)
szkocką (accusative singular)
szkockie (accusative plural)
szkocką (instrumental singular)
szkockimi (instrumental plural)
szkockiej (locative singular)
szkockich (locative plural)
szkocka (singular vocative)
szkockie (plural vocative)


tokaj

tokaj (nominative singular)
tokaje (nominative plural)
tokaju (genitive singular)
tokajów (genitive plural)
tokajowi (dative singular)
tokajom (dative plural)
tokaj (accusative singular)
tokaje (accusative plural)
tokajem (instrumental singular)
tokajami (instrumental plural)
tokaju (locative singular)
tokajach (locative plural)
tokaju (singular vocative)
tokaje (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Hungarian tokaji, from Tokaj.


czapeczka

czapeczka (nominative singular)
czapeczki (nominative plural)
czapeczki (genitive singular)
czapeczek (genitive plural)
czapeczce (dative singular)
czapeczkom (dative plural)
czapeczkę (accusative singular)
czapeczki (accusative plural)
czapeczką (instrumental singular)
czapeczkami (instrumental plural)
czapeczce (locative singular)
czapeczkach (locative plural)
czapeczko (singular vocative)
czapeczki (plural vocative)


polisacharyd

polisacharyd (nominative singular)
polisacharydy (nominative plural)
polisacharydu (genitive singular)
polisacharydów (genitive plural)
polisacharydowi (dative singular)
polisacharydom (dative plural)
polisacharyd (accusative singular)
polisacharydy (accusative plural)
polisacharydem (instrumental singular)
polisacharydami (instrumental plural)
polisacharydzie (locative singular)
polisacharydach (locative plural)
polisacharydzie (singular vocative)
polisacharydy (plural vocative)


glikogen

glikogen (nominative singular)
glikogenu (genitive singular)
glikogenowi (dative singular)
glikogen (accusative singular)
glikogenem (instrumental singular)
glikogenie (locative singular)
glikogenie (singular vocative)


antyseptyk

antyseptyk (nominative singular)
antyseptyki (nominative plural)
antyseptyku (genitive singular)
antyseptyków (genitive plural)
antyseptykowi (dative singular)
antyseptykom (dative plural)
antyseptyk (accusative singular)
antyseptyki (accusative plural)
antyseptykiem (instrumental singular)
antyseptykami (instrumental plural)
antyseptyku (locative singular)
antyseptykach (locative plural)
antyseptyku (singular vocative)
antyseptyki (plural vocative)

From anty- Ancient Greek σηπτικός (sēptikós).

(pharmacology) antiseptic (substance that inhibits the growth of microorganisms)


antyseptyczny

pl-adj

antyseptyczny (comparative bardziej antyseptyczny, superlative najbardziej antyseptyczny, derived adverb antyseptycznie)

bardziej antyseptyczny (comparative)
najbardziej antyseptyczny (superlative)
antyseptyczny (masculine nominative singular)
antyseptyczna (feminine nominative singular)
antyseptyczne (neuter nominative singular)
antyseptyczni (nominative plural virile)
antyseptyczne (nominative plural)
antyseptycznego (genitive masculine singular)
antyseptycznej (feminine genitive singular)
antyseptycznego (genitive neuter singular)
antyseptycznych (genitive plural)
antyseptycznych (genitive plural virile)
antyseptycznemu (dative masculine singular)
antyseptycznej (dative feminine singular)
antyseptycznemu (dative neuter singular)
antyseptycznym (dative plural)
antyseptycznym (dative plural virile)
antyseptycznego (accusative animate masculine singular)
antyseptyczny (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
antyseptyczną (accusative feminine singular)
antyseptyczne (accusative neuter singular)
antyseptycznych (accusative plural virile)
antyseptyczne (accusative plural)
antyseptycznym (instrumental masculine singular)
antyseptyczną (feminine instrumental singular)
antyseptycznym (instrumental neuter singular)
antyseptycznymi (instrumental plural)
antyseptycznymi (instrumental plural virile)
antyseptycznym (locative masculine singular)
antyseptycznej (feminine locative singular)
antyseptycznym (locative neuter singular)
antyseptycznych (locative plural)
antyseptycznych (locative plural virile)

From either anty- + septyczny or antyseptyk + -ny.

(pharmacology) antiseptic (capable of preventing microbial infection)


pejotl

pejotl (nominative singular)
pejotle (nominative plural)
pejotlu (genitive singular)
pejotli (genitive plural)
pejotlowi (dative singular)
pejotlom (dative plural)
pejotl (accusative singular)
pejotle (accusative plural)
pejotlem (instrumental singular)
pejotlami (instrumental plural)
pejotlu (locative singular)
pejotlach (locative plural)
pejotlu (singular vocative)
pejotle (plural vocative)

mescal (Mexican alcoholic drink distilled from the fermented juice of the agave)


kumys

kumys (nominative singular)
kumysu (genitive singular)
kumysowi (dative singular)
kumys (accusative singular)
kumysem (instrumental singular)
kumysie (locative singular)
kumysie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian кумы́с (kumýs), from a Turkic language.


matryca

matrycowy (adjective)
matryca (nominative singular)
matryce (nominative plural)
matrycy (genitive singular)
matryc (genitive plural)
matrycy (dative singular)
matrycom (dative plural)
matrycę (accusative singular)
matryce (accusative plural)
matrycą (instrumental singular)
matrycami (instrumental plural)
matrycy (locative singular)
matrycach (locative plural)
matryco (singular vocative)
matryce (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Matrize. Doublet of matrix.

(genetics, molecular biology) matrix (single chain of DNA or RNA from which genetic information is transferred to descendant cells or organisms)


kiper

pl-noun

kiper m pers (female equivalent kiperka)

kiperka (feminine)
kiper (nominative singular)
kiperzy (nominative plural)
kiprowie (nominative plural)
kiperowie (nominative plural)
kipera (genitive singular)
kipra (genitive singular)
kiperów (genitive plural)
kiprów (genitive plural)
kiperowi (dative singular)
kiprowi (dative singular)
kiperom (dative plural)
kiprom (dative plural)
kipera (accusative singular)
kipra (accusative singular)
kiperów (accusative plural)
kiprów (accusative plural)
kiperem (instrumental singular)
kiprem (instrumental singular)
kiperami (instrumental plural)
kiprami (instrumental plural)
kiperze (locative singular)
kiprze (locative singular)
kiperach (locative plural)
kiprach (locative plural)
kiperze (singular vocative)
kiprze (singular vocative)
kiperzy (plural vocative)
kiprowie (plural vocative)
kiperowie (plural vocative)

sommelier, wine steward (member of staff at a restaurant who keeps the wine cellar and advises the guests on a choice of wines)


żur

żurek (diminutive)
żur (nominative singular)
żury (nominative plural)
żuru (genitive singular)
żurów (genitive plural)
żurowi (dative singular)
żurom (dative plural)
żur (accusative singular)
żury (accusative plural)
żurem (instrumental singular)
żurami (instrumental plural)
żurze (locative singular)
żurach (locative plural)
żurze (singular vocative)
żury (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle High German sūr. Doublet of ser.


piwonia

→ Belarusian: піво́ня (pivónja)

→ Lithuanian: bijūnas, pinavija

→ Ukrainian: піво́нія (pivónija)

Borrowed from French pivoine, from Middle French pyoine, from Old French pyoine, from Latin paeōnia, from Ancient Greek παιωνία (paiōnía). Doublet of peonia.


piwonia

piwonia (nominative singular)
piwonie (nominative plural)
piwonii (genitive singular)
piwonii (genitive plural)
piwonij (archaic genitive plural)
piwonii (dative singular)
piwoniom (dative plural)
piwonię (accusative singular)
piwonie (accusative plural)
piwonią (instrumental singular)
piwoniami (instrumental plural)
piwonii (locative singular)
piwoniach (locative plural)
piwonio (singular vocative)
piwonie (plural vocative)


benzodiazepina

benzodiazepina (nominative singular)
benzodiazepiny (genitive singular)
benzodiazepinie (dative singular)
benzodiazepinę (accusative singular)
benzodiazepiną (instrumental singular)
benzodiazepinie (locative singular)
benzodiazepino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English benzodiazepine. First attested in 1971.


prowitamina

prowitamina (nominative singular)
prowitaminy (nominative plural)
prowitaminy (genitive singular)
prowitamin (genitive plural)
prowitaminie (dative singular)
prowitaminom (dative plural)
prowitaminę (accusative singular)
prowitaminy (accusative plural)
prowitaminą (instrumental singular)
prowitaminami (instrumental plural)
prowitaminie (locative singular)
prowitaminach (locative plural)
prowitamino (singular vocative)
prowitaminy (plural vocative)

(biochemistry) provitamin, vitamer (any biologically inactive compound that may be converted into a vitamin within an animal organism)


kazeina

kazeinowy (adjective)
kazeina (nominative singular)
kazeiny (genitive singular)
kazeinie (dative singular)
kazeinę (accusative singular)
kazeiną (instrumental singular)
kazeinie (locative singular)
kazeino (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English casein, French caséine, German Kasein, ultimately from Latin cāseus.

casein (protein present in both milk and in the seeds of leguminous plants)


jabol

jabol (nominative singular)
jabole (nominative plural)
jabola (genitive singular)
jaboli (genitive plural)
jabolowi (dative singular)
jabolom (dative plural)
jabol (accusative singular)
jabole (accusative plural)
jabolem (instrumental singular)
jabolami (instrumental plural)
jabolu (locative singular)
jabolach (locative plural)
jabolu (singular vocative)
jabole (plural vocative)


dawka

dawka (nominative singular)
dawki (nominative plural)
dawki (genitive singular)
dawek (genitive plural)
dawce (dative singular)
dawkom (dative plural)
dawkę (accusative singular)
dawki (accusative plural)
dawką (instrumental singular)
dawkami (instrumental plural)
dawce (locative singular)
dawkach (locative plural)
dawko (singular vocative)
dawki (plural vocative)


końska dawka

końska dawka (nominative singular)
końskie dawki (nominative plural)
końskiej dawki (genitive singular)
końskich dawek (genitive plural)
końskiej dawce (dative singular)
końskim dawkom (dative plural)
końską dawkę (accusative singular)
końskie dawki (accusative plural)
końską dawką (instrumental singular)
końskimi dawkami (instrumental plural)
końskiej dawce (locative singular)
końskich dawkach (locative plural)
końska dawko (singular vocative)
końskie dawki (plural vocative)

Literally, “horse dose”. Compare French dose de cheval.

(colloquial, idiomatic) elephant dose (very large dose of something, e.g. a drug)


hibiskus

hibiskus (nominative singular)
hibiskusy (nominative plural)
hibiskusa (genitive singular)
hibiskusów (genitive plural)
hibiskusowi (dative singular)
hibiskusom (dative plural)
hibiskus (accusative singular)
hibiskusy (accusative plural)
hibiskusem (instrumental singular)
hibiskusami (instrumental plural)
hibiskusie (locative singular)
hibiskusach (locative plural)
hibiskusie (singular vocative)
hibiskusy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin hibīscus, from Latin hibīscum, from Ancient Greek ἰβίσκος (ibískos), probably ultimately from Gaulish.


działka

działka (nominative singular)
działki (nominative plural)
działki (genitive singular)
działek (genitive plural)
działce (dative singular)
działkom (dative plural)
działkę (accusative singular)
działki (accusative plural)
działką (instrumental singular)
działkami (instrumental plural)
działce (locative singular)
działkach (locative plural)
działko (singular vocative)
działki (plural vocative)

plot (area or land used for building on or planting on)


piołunówka

piołunówka (nominative singular)
piołunówki (nominative plural)
piołunówki (genitive singular)
piołunówek (genitive plural)
piołunówce (dative singular)
piołunówkom (dative plural)
piołunówkę (accusative singular)
piołunówki (accusative plural)
piołunówką (instrumental singular)
piołunówkami (instrumental plural)
piołunówce (locative singular)
piołunówkach (locative plural)
piołunówko (singular vocative)
piołunówki (plural vocative)