słownik

pl-noun

słownik m inan (diminutive słowniczek, related adjective słownikowy)

słowniczek (diminutive)
słownikowy (adjective)
słownik (nominative singular)
słowniki (nominative plural)
słownika (genitive singular)
słowników (genitive plural)
słownikowi (dative singular)
słownikom (dative plural)
słownik (accusative singular)
słowniki (accusative plural)
słownikiem (instrumental singular)
słownikami (instrumental plural)
słowniku (locative singular)
słownikach (locative plural)
słowniku (singular vocative)
słowniki (plural vocative)

From słowo + -nik. Compare Czech slovník, Slovak slovník.


musical

musical (nominative singular)
musicale (nominative plural)
musicalu (genitive singular)
musicali (genitive plural)
musicalowi (dative singular)
musicalom (dative plural)
musical (accusative singular)
musicale (accusative plural)
musicalem (instrumental singular)
musicalami (instrumental plural)
musicalu (locative singular)
musicalach (locative plural)
musicalu (singular vocative)
musicale (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English musical, from Middle English musical, from Old French, from Medieval Latin mūsicālis, from Latin mūsica + -ālis.

ubor

(film, music, theater) musical (stage performance, show or film)


drukarka

drukarka (nominative singular)
drukarki (nominative plural)
drukarki (genitive singular)
drukarek (genitive plural)
drukarce (dative singular)
drukarkom (dative plural)
drukarkę (accusative singular)
drukarki (accusative plural)
drukarką (instrumental singular)
drukarkami (instrumental plural)
drukarce (locative singular)
drukarkach (locative plural)
drukarko (singular vocative)
drukarki (plural vocative)


minister

pl-noun

minister m pers (female equivalent minister or ministerka, abbreviation min.)

minister (feminine)
ministerka (feminine)
min. (abbreviation)
minister (nominative singular)
ministrowie (nominative plural)
ministry (derogatory nominative plural)
ministra (genitive singular)
ministrów (genitive plural)
ministrowi (dative singular)
ministrom (dative plural)
ministra (accusative singular)
ministrów (accusative plural)
ministrem (instrumental singular)
ministrami (instrumental plural)
ministrze (locative singular)
ministrach (locative plural)
ministrze (singular vocative)
ministrowie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish minister. Sense 1 is a semantic loan from French ministre.

sl

(Middle Polish, biblical, expressive, paganism) priest of pagan cults


boss

boss (nominative singular)
bossowie (nominative plural)
bossa (genitive singular)
bossów (genitive plural)
bossowi (dative singular)
bossom (dative plural)
bossa (accusative singular)
bossów (accusative plural)
bossem (instrumental singular)
bossami (instrumental plural)
bossie (locative singular)
bossach (locative plural)
bossie (singular vocative)
bossowie (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English boss, from Dutch baas, from Middle Dutch baes, from Old Dutch *baso, from Proto-Germanic *baswô.

(video games) boss (enemy in a video game)


szkoła

pl-noun

szkoła f (diminutive szkółka, augmentative szkolisko)

szkółka (diminutive)
szkolisko (augmentative)
szkoła (nominative singular)
szkoły (nominative plural)
szkoły (genitive singular)
szkół (genitive plural)
szkole (dative singular)
szkołom (dative plural)
szkołę (accusative singular)
szkoły (accusative plural)
szkołą (instrumental singular)
szkołami (instrumental plural)
szkole (locative singular)
szkołach (locative plural)
szkoło (singular vocative)
szkoły (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: szkòła

→ Slovincian: szkôla

Inherited from Old Polish szkoła. Doublet of schola.

school (education taking place in the building)

schooling, education (skills and abilities acquired at school)

school (particular way of thinking or particular doctrine; followers of a doctrine)

book for learning how to play an instrument


chat

chatowy (adjective)
chat (nominative singular)
chaty (nominative plural)
chatu (genitive singular)
chatów (genitive plural)
chatowi (dative singular)
chatom (dative plural)
chat (accusative singular)
chaty (accusative plural)
chatem (instrumental singular)
chatami (instrumental plural)
chacie (locative singular)
chatach (locative plural)
chacie (singular vocative)
chaty (plural vocative)


lead

lead (nominative singular)
leady (nominative plural)
leadu (genitive singular)
leadów (genitive plural)
leadowi (dative singular)
leadom (dative plural)
lead (accusative singular)
leady (accusative plural)
leadem (instrumental singular)
leadami (instrumental plural)
leadzie (locative singular)
leadach (locative plural)
leadzie (singular vocative)
leady (plural vocative)

(newspapers, journalism) lead paragraph, teaser, lead-in (start of a newspaper column, telling who, what, when, where, why and how)


remake

remake (nominative singular)
remaki (nominative plural)
remake'u (genitive singular)
remake'ów (genitive plural)
remake'owi (dative singular)
remake'om (dative plural)
remake (accusative singular)
remaki (accusative plural)
remakiem (instrumental singular)
remake'ami (instrumental plural)
remake'u (locative singular)
remake'ach (locative plural)
remake'u (singular vocative)
remaki (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English remake.


organ

organ m inan (related adjective organowy)

organowy (adjective)
organ (nominative singular)
organy (nominative plural)
organu (genitive singular)
organów (genitive plural)
organowi (dative singular)
organom (dative plural)
organ (accusative singular)
organy (accusative plural)
organem (instrumental singular)
organami (instrumental plural)
organie (locative singular)
organach (locative plural)
organie (singular vocative)
organy (plural vocative)

organ (larger part of an organism, composed of tissues that perform similar functions)

(in the plural) organ, pipe organ (largest of all musical instruments, played from an organ console which produces its sound by sending air through whistles and/or reeds called organ pipes, by direct mechanical action)

(in the plural) organ, pipe organ (electronic instrument designed to replicate the pipe organ)


anime

Borrowed from Japanese アニメ. First attested in 1997.

Coordinate term: manga

(animation) anime (artistic style originating in, and associated with, Japanese animation, and that has also been adopted by a comparatively low number of animated works from other countries)

Coordinate term: manga

(animation) anime (animated work that originated in Japan, regardless of the artistic style)


anime

pl-adj

anime (not comparable, no derived adverb)

(animation, postpositive, relational) anime (artistic style originating in, and associated with, Japanese animation, and that has also been adopted by a comparatively low number of animated works from other countries)

(animation, postpositive, relational) anime (animated work that originated in Japan, regardless of the artistic style)


menu

(computing, video games) menu (list from which the user may select an operation to be performed)


TV

television (electronic communication medium that allows the transmission of real-time visual images, and often sound)

television (institution engaged in the preparation and transmission of television programs)

television, television set (electronic device that receives television signals and displays the resulting images on a screen)


TV

(relational, postpositive) televisual; television (electronic communication medium that allows the transmission of real-time visual images, and often sound)

(relational, postpositive) televisual; television (institution engaged in the preparation and transmission of television programs)

(relational, postpositive) televisual; television, television set (electronic device that receives television signals and displays the resulting images on a screen)


pilot

pilot (nominative singular)
piloty (nominative plural)
pilota (genitive singular)
pilotów (genitive plural)
pilotowi (dative singular)
pilotom (dative plural)
pilot (accusative singular)
piloty (accusative plural)
pilotem (instrumental singular)
pilotami (instrumental plural)
pilocie (locative singular)
pilotach (locative plural)
pilocie (singular vocative)
piloty (plural vocative)

(film, marketing) trailer (preview of a film)


cherub

cherub (nominative singular)
cherubi (nominative plural)
cherubowie (nominative plural)
cheruby (nominative plural)
cheruba (genitive singular)
cherubów (genitive plural)
cherubowi (dative singular)
cherubom (dative plural)
cheruba (accusative singular)
cherubów (accusative plural)
cheruby (accusative plural)
cherubem (instrumental singular)
cherubami (instrumental plural)
cherubie (locative singular)
cherubach (locative plural)
cherubie (singular vocative)
cherubi (plural vocative)
cherubowie (plural vocative)
cheruby (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin cherūb, from Ancient Greek χερούβ (kheroúb), from Hebrew כְּרוּב (kerúv).


cherub

(figuratively, literary) Alternative form of cherubin


Tanach

Tanach (nominative singular)
Tanachu (genitive singular)
Tanachowi (dative singular)
Tanach (accusative singular)
Tanachem (instrumental singular)
Tanachu (locative singular)
Tanachu (singular vocative)


operator

pl-noun

operator m pers (female equivalent operatorka)

operatorka (feminine)
operator (nominative singular)
operatorzy (nominative plural)
operatory (derogatory nominative plural)
operatora (genitive singular)
operatorów (genitive plural)
operatorowi (dative singular)
operatorom (dative plural)
operatora (accusative singular)
operatorów (accusative plural)
operatorem (instrumental singular)
operatorami (instrumental plural)
operatorze (locative singular)
operatorach (locative plural)
operatorze (singular vocative)
operatorzy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French opérateur, from Latin operātor.


Daniel

Daniel (nominative singular)
Daniela (genitive singular)
Danielowi (dative singular)
Daniela (accusative singular)
Danielem (instrumental singular)
Danielu (locative singular)
Danielu (singular vocative)

(biblical) Daniel (prophet whose story is told in the Book of Daniel)


spam

spam (nominative singular)
spamu (genitive singular)
spamowi (dative singular)
spam (accusative singular)
spamem (instrumental singular)
spamie (locative singular)
spamie (singular vocative)

(computing, Internet) spam (unsolicited bulk electronic messages)


RPG

Orthographic borrowing from English RPG.

roleplaying game, RPG (type of game where one or more players assume the roles of characters (usually one each) to interact with a fictional world either defined by themselves or through the moderation of a neutral judge (usually referred to as the game master))

roleplaying game, RPG (type of computer game where the player takes the role of a character or party, normally lacking tests of physical skill and including more story-telling and narrative aspects than traditional action games)


atlas

atlasik (diminutive)
atlas (nominative singular)
atlasy (nominative plural)
atlasu (genitive singular)
atlasów (genitive plural)
atlasowi (dative singular)
atlasom (dative plural)
atlas (accusative singular)
atlasy (accusative plural)
atlasem (instrumental singular)
atlasami (instrumental plural)
atlasie (locative singular)
atlasach (locative plural)
atlasie (singular vocative)
atlasy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἄτλας (Átlas). Doublet of atlant.

lbor

(architecture) atlas (figure of a man used as a column)


trailer

trailer (nominative singular)
trailery (nominative plural)
trailera (genitive singular)
trailerów (genitive plural)
trailerowi (dative singular)
trailerom (dative plural)
trailer (accusative singular)
trailery (accusative plural)
trailerem (instrumental singular)
trailerami (instrumental plural)
trailerze (locative singular)
trailerach (locative plural)
trailerze (singular vocative)
trailery (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English trailer.


plan

plan (nominative singular)
plany (nominative plural)
planu (genitive singular)
planów (genitive plural)
planowi (dative singular)
planom (dative plural)
plan (accusative singular)
plany (accusative plural)
planem (instrumental singular)
planami (instrumental plural)
planie (locative singular)
planach (locative plural)
planie (singular vocative)
plany (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: plan

Borrowed from French plan. Sense 1 is a semantic loan from English plan and German Plan. First attested in the 19th century.

ref

Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “plan”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861

(film) shot (range of view of the camera, resulting from its distance from the object being filmed)

(film) location; set (place where a movie is filmed)


moment

momencik (diminutive)
moment (nominative singular)
momenty (nominative plural)
momentu (genitive singular)
momentów (genitive plural)
momentowi (dative singular)
momentom (dative plural)
moment (accusative singular)
momenty (accusative plural)
momentem (instrumental singular)
momentami (instrumental plural)
momencie (locative singular)
momentach (locative plural)
momencie (singular vocative)
momenty (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin mōmentum. First attested in 1592.

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “moment”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(film, humorous, television) sex scene (segment in a movie in which characters have sex)


abandonware

abandonware (nominative singular)
abandonware'u (genitive singular)
abandonware'owi (dative singular)
abandonware (accusative singular)
abandonware'em (instrumental singular)
abandonwarze (locative singular)
abandonwarze (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English abandonware. First attested in 2000.

ref

Pęzik, Piotr, Przepiórkowski, A., Bańko, M., Górski, R., Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, B (2012) Wyszukiwarka PELCRA dla danych NKJP. Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego [National Polish Language Corpus, PELCRA search engine], Wydawnictwo PWN

[…], a które to cechy ewentualnie umożliwiałyby kwalifikację danego programu komputerowego do kategorii abandonware.

2019, Łukasz Koźbiał, “ABANDONWARE W ŚWIETLE PRAWA AUTORSKIEGO – UWAGI OGÓLNE”, in Małgorzata Babula, archived from the original on 2023-01-20:

[…], which traits could potentially allow for the possibility to qualify the given program as abandonware.

(software) abandonware (software product that is no longer updated or maintained, or whose copyright is no longer defended or which is no longer marketed even by the company who made it)


tom

pl-noun

tom m inan (diminutive tomik, augmentative tomisko or tomiszcze)

tomik (diminutive)
tomisko (augmentative)
tomiszcze (augmentative)
tom (nominative singular)
tomy (nominative plural)
tomu (genitive singular)
tomów (genitive plural)
tomowi (dative singular)
tomom (dative plural)
tom (accusative singular)
tomy (accusative plural)
tomem (instrumental singular)
tomami (instrumental plural)
tomie (locative singular)
tomach (locative plural)
tomie (singular vocative)
tomy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin tomus, from Ancient Greek τόμος (tómos).

volume (single book of a publication issued in multi-book format)


spot

spot (nominative singular)
spoty (nominative plural)
spotu (genitive singular)
spotów (genitive plural)
spotowi (dative singular)
spotom (dative plural)
spot (accusative singular)
spoty (accusative plural)
spotem (instrumental singular)
spotami (instrumental plural)
spocie (locative singular)
spotach (locative plural)
spocie (singular vocative)
spoty (plural vocative)

(television) spot (short commercial shown in between or during TV broadcasts)


blog

blog m animal or m inan (related adjective blogowy)

blog m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
blogowy (adjective)
blog (nominative singular)
blogi (nominative plural)
bloga (genitive singular)
blogów (genitive plural)
blogowi (dative singular)
blogom (dative plural)
bloga (accusative singular)
blog (accusative singular)
blogi (accusative plural)
blogiem (instrumental singular)
blogami (instrumental plural)
blogu (locative singular)
blogach (locative plural)
blogu (singular vocative)
blogi (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English blog. First attested in 2001.

(blogging) blog (website that allows users to reflect, share opinions, and discuss various topics in the form of an online journal, sometimes letting readers comment on their posts)


film

film m inan (diminutive filmik, related adjective filmowy)

filmik (diminutive)
filmowy (adjective)
film (nominative singular)
filmy (nominative plural)
filmu (genitive singular)
filmów (genitive plural)
filmowi (dative singular)
filmom (dative plural)
film (accusative singular)
filmy (accusative plural)
filmem (instrumental singular)
filmami (instrumental plural)
filmie (locative singular)
filmach (locative plural)
filmie (singular vocative)
filmy (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: film

Borrowed from English film. First attested in the 19th century.

ref

J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “film”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 742

film in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

film, movie, motion picture (series of pictures creating the illusion of motion)


serial

serial (nominative singular)
seriale (nominative plural)
serialu (genitive singular)
seriali (genitive plural)
serialowi (dative singular)
serialom (dative plural)
serial (accusative singular)
seriale (accusative plural)
serialem (instrumental singular)
serialami (instrumental plural)
serialu (locative singular)
serialach (locative plural)
serialu (singular vocative)
seriale (plural vocative)

(television) series (television program which consists of several episodes that are broadcast in regular intervals)


biblio-

biblio- + -mania → bibliomania


paparazzi

paparazzi (nominative singular)
paparazzi (nominative plural)
paparazziego (genitive singular)
paparazzich (genitive plural)
paparazziemu (dative singular)
paparazzim (dative plural)
paparazziego (accusative singular)
paparazzich (accusative plural)
paparazzim (instrumental singular)
paparazzimi (instrumental plural)
paparazzim (locative singular)
paparazzich (locative plural)
paparazzi (singular vocative)
paparazzi (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Italian paparazzi.

ubor

(journalism, photography) Alternative form of paparazzo


dystopia

dystopia (nominative singular)
dystopie (nominative plural)
dystopii (genitive singular)
dystopii (genitive plural)
dystopij (archaic genitive plural)
dystopii (dative singular)
dystopiom (dative plural)
dystopię (accusative singular)
dystopie (accusative plural)
dystopią (instrumental singular)
dystopiami (instrumental plural)
dystopii (locative singular)
dystopiach (locative plural)
dystopio (singular vocative)
dystopie (plural vocative)

(film, literature) dystopia (vision of a future that is a corrupted (usually beyond recognition) utopian society)


samizdat

samizdat (nominative singular)
samizdaty (nominative plural)
samizdatu (genitive singular)
samizdatów (genitive plural)
samizdatowi (dative singular)
samizdatom (dative plural)
samizdat (accusative singular)
samizdaty (accusative plural)
samizdatem (instrumental singular)
samizdatami (instrumental plural)
samizdacie (locative singular)
samizdatach (locative plural)
samizdacie (singular vocative)
samizdaty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian самизда́т (samizdát, “self-publishing”), from сам (sam, “self”) + изда́т (izdát), an abbreviation of изда́тельство (izdátelʹstvo, “publishing house, publishing”).

bor+

(historical) samizdat (underground publishing)


album

pl-noun

album m inan (diminutive albumik, related adjective albumowy)

albumik (diminutive)
albumowy (adjective)
album (nominative singular)
albumy (nominative plural)
albumu (genitive singular)
albumów (genitive plural)
albumowi (dative singular)
albumom (dative plural)
album (accusative singular)
albumy (accusative plural)
albumem (instrumental singular)
albumami (instrumental plural)
albumie (locative singular)
albumach (locative plural)
albumie (singular vocative)
albumy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Album or French album. First attested in 1609.

ref

Jadwiga Chotkowska (11.06.2019) “ALBUM”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]

(music) album (group of audio recordings, on any medium, intended for distribution as a group)

album, diary, journal (book with various photographical or written entries of memories)

(art) album, sketchbook, sketch pad (book or pad with blank pages for sketching)


tabloid

tabloid (nominative singular)
tabloidy (nominative plural)
tabloidu (genitive singular)
tabloidów (genitive plural)
tabloidowi (dative singular)
tabloidom (dative plural)
tabloid (accusative singular)
tabloidy (accusative plural)
tabloidem (instrumental singular)
tabloidami (instrumental plural)
tabloidzie (locative singular)
tabloidach (locative plural)
tabloidzie (singular vocative)
tabloidy (plural vocative)


pad

pad (nominative singular)
pady (nominative plural)
padu (genitive singular)
padów (genitive plural)
padowi (dative singular)
padom (dative plural)
pad (accusative singular)
pady (accusative plural)
padem (instrumental singular)
padami (instrumental plural)
padzie (locative singular)
padach (locative plural)
padzie (singular vocative)
pady (plural vocative)


mag

mag (nominative singular)
magowie (nominative plural)
magi (derogatory nominative plural)
maga (genitive singular)
magów (genitive plural)
magowi (dative singular)
magom (dative plural)
maga (accusative singular)
magów (accusative plural)
magiem (instrumental singular)
magami (instrumental plural)
magu (locative singular)
magach (locative plural)
magu (singular vocative)
magowie (plural vocative)
magi (derogatory plural vocative)

(biblical, Christianity) Magus (one of the three Biblical Magi who visit Jesus after his birth, bearing gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh in homage to him)


monitor

pl-noun

monitor m inan (related adjective monitorowy)

monitorowy (adjective)
monitor (nominative singular)
monitory (nominative plural)
monitora (genitive singular)
monitorów (genitive plural)
monitorowi (dative singular)
monitorom (dative plural)
monitor (accusative singular)
monitory (accusative plural)
monitorem (instrumental singular)
monitorami (instrumental plural)
monitorze (locative singular)
monitorach (locative plural)
monitorze (singular vocative)
monitory (plural vocative)

(computer hardware) monitor, screen (output device that displays information in pictorial or textual form)


joystick

joystick (nominative singular)
joysticki (nominative plural)
joysticku (genitive singular)
joysticków (genitive plural)
joystickowi (dative singular)
joystickom (dative plural)
joystick (accusative singular)
joysticki (accusative plural)
joystickiem (instrumental singular)
joystickami (instrumental plural)
joysticku (locative singular)
joystickach (locative plural)
joysticku (singular vocative)
joysticki (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English joystick.


Adam

Adaś (diminutive)
Adam (nominative singular)
Adamowie (nominative plural)
Adama (genitive singular)
Adamów (genitive plural)
Adamowi (dative singular)
Adamom (dative plural)
Adama (accusative singular)
Adamów (accusative plural)
Adamem (instrumental singular)
Adamami (instrumental plural)
Adamie (locative singular)
Adamach (locative plural)
Adamie (singular vocative)
Adamowie (plural vocative)

From Hebrew אָדָם (adam, “earth, man, soil, light brown”).

der

a male given name, equivalent to English Adam


like

like (nominative singular)
like'i (nominative plural)
like'a (genitive singular)
like'ów (genitive plural)
like'owi (dative singular)
like'om (dative plural)
like'a (accusative singular)
like'i (accusative plural)
likiem (instrumental singular)
like'ami (instrumental plural)
like'u (locative singular)
like'ach (locative plural)
like'u (singular vocative)
like'i (plural vocative)

(colloquial, neologism, social media) Alternative spelling of lajk


zombie

Unadapted borrowing from English zombie.


Biblia

Biblia (nominative singular)
Biblii (genitive singular)
Biblii (dative singular)
Biblię (accusative singular)
Biblią (instrumental singular)
Biblii (locative singular)
Biblio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin biblia, from Ancient Greek βιβλία (biblía).

(Christianity) the Bible (Christian holy book)


Babel

Learned borrowing from Latin Babel. Doublet of Babilon and Babilonia.

(biblical) Babel (city and tower in the land of Shinar where the confusion of languages took place, according to the Bible)


psalm

pl-noun

psalm m inan (related adjective psalmowy)

psalmowy (adjective)
psalm (nominative singular)
psalmy (nominative plural)
psalmu (genitive singular)
psalmów (genitive plural)
psalmowi (dative singular)
psalmom (dative plural)
psalm (accusative singular)
psalmy (accusative plural)
psalmem (instrumental singular)
psalmami (instrumental plural)
psalmie (locative singular)
psalmach (locative plural)
psalmie (singular vocative)
psalmy (plural vocative)

(biblical) psalm (one of the hymns by David and others, collected into one book of the Old Testament, or a modern metrical version of such a hymn for public worship)


holocaust

holocaust (nominative singular)
holocausty (nominative plural)
holocaustu (genitive singular)
holocaustów (genitive plural)
holocaustowi (dative singular)
holocaustom (dative plural)
holocaust (accusative singular)
holocausty (accusative plural)
holocaustem (instrumental singular)
holocaustami (instrumental plural)
holocauście (locative singular)
holocaustach (locative plural)
holocauście (singular vocative)
holocausty (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin holocaustum, from Ancient Greek ὁλόκαυστος (holókaustos).

lbor

(biblical, historical, literary, religion) burnt offering, holocaust (slaughtered animal burnt on an altar)


Baal

Baal (nominative singular)
Baala (genitive singular)
Baalowi (dative singular)
Baala (accusative singular)
Baalem (instrumental singular)
Baalu (locative singular)
Baalu (singular vocative)

(mythology, biblical) Baal (storm and fertility god of the Phoenician and Canaanite pantheons)


trip

trip (nominative singular)
tripy (nominative plural)
tripu (genitive singular)
tripów (genitive plural)
tripowi (dative singular)
tripom (dative plural)
trip (accusative singular)
tripy (accusative plural)
tripem (instrumental singular)
tripami (instrumental plural)
tripie (locative singular)
tripach (locative plural)
tripie (singular vocative)
tripy (plural vocative)

(film) movie with phantasmagoric images and scenes


Pentateuch

Pentateuch (nominative singular)
Pentateuchu (genitive singular)
Pentateuchowi (dative singular)
Pentateuch (accusative singular)
Pentateuchem (instrumental singular)
Pentateuchu (locative singular)
Pentateuchu (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek πεντάτευχος (pentáteukhos).


atelier

pl-noun

atelier n (indeclinable, related adjective atelierowy)

Unadapted borrowing from French atelier.


Gabriel

pl-prop

Gabriel m pers (female equivalent Gabriela, diminutive Gabryś)

Gabriela (feminine)
Gabryś (diminutive)
Gabriel (nominative singular)
Gabrielowie (nominative plural)
Gabriele (derogatory nominative plural)
Gabriela (genitive singular)
Gabrieli (genitive plural)
Gabrielowi (dative singular)
Gabrielom (dative plural)
Gabriela (accusative singular)
Gabrieli (accusative plural)
Gabrielem (instrumental singular)
Gabrielami (instrumental plural)
Gabrielu (locative singular)
Gabrielach (locative plural)
Gabrielu (singular vocative)
Gabrielowie (plural vocative)


horror

horror (nominative singular)
horrory (nominative plural)
horroru (genitive singular)
horrorów (genitive plural)
horrorowi (dative singular)
horrorom (dative plural)
horror (accusative singular)
horrory (accusative plural)
horrorem (instrumental singular)
horrorami (instrumental plural)
horrorze (locative singular)
horrorach (locative plural)
horrorze (singular vocative)
horrory (plural vocative)


Exodus

Exodus (nominative singular)
Exodusu (genitive singular)
Exodusowi (dative singular)
Exodus (accusative singular)
Exodusem (instrumental singular)
Exodusie (locative singular)
Exodusie (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Latin Exodus, from Ancient Greek ἔξοδος (éxodos).


western

pl-noun

western m inan (related adjective westernowy)

westernowy (adjective)
western (nominative singular)
westerny (nominative plural)
westernu (genitive singular)
westernów (genitive plural)
westernowi (dative singular)
westernom (dative plural)
western (accusative singular)
westerny (accusative plural)
westernem (instrumental singular)
westernami (instrumental plural)
westernie (locative singular)
westernach (locative plural)
westernie (singular vocative)
westerny (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English western.

ubor

western (adventure film set in the Wild West in the 19th century)


cyberpunk

cyberpunk (nominative singular)
cyberpunku (genitive singular)
cyberpunkowi (dative singular)
cyberpunk (accusative singular)
cyberpunkiem (instrumental singular)
cyberpunku (locative singular)
cyberpunku (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English cyberpunk.

(film, science fiction) cyberpunk (sci-fi subgenre)


cyberpunk

cyberpunk (nominative singular)
cyberpunki (nominative plural)
cyberpunka (genitive singular)
cyberpunków (genitive plural)
cyberpunkowi (dative singular)
cyberpunkom (dative plural)
cyberpunka (accusative singular)
cyberpunków (accusative plural)
cyberpunkiem (instrumental singular)
cyberpunkami (instrumental plural)
cyberpunku (locative singular)
cyberpunkach (locative plural)
cyberpunku (singular vocative)
cyberpunki (plural vocative)

(film, science fiction) cyberpunk (cyberpunk character, a hacker punk, a high-tech low life)


panorama

pl-noun

panorama f (related adjective panoramowy)

panoramowy (adjective)
panorama (nominative singular)
panoramy (nominative plural)
panoramy (genitive singular)
panoram (genitive plural)
panoramie (dative singular)
panoramom (dative plural)
panoramę (accusative singular)
panoramy (accusative plural)
panoramą (instrumental singular)
panoramami (instrumental plural)
panoramie (locative singular)
panoramach (locative plural)
panoramo (singular vocative)
panoramy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English panorama, French panorama, German Panorama, ultimately from Ancient Greek ὅραμα (hórama).

(film, literature) panorama (comprehensive presentation of an issue in a literary work or film) [with genitive ‘of what’]


notes

notesik (diminutive)
notes (nominative singular)
notesy (nominative plural)
notesu (genitive singular)
notesów (genitive plural)
notesowi (dative singular)
notesom (dative plural)
notes (accusative singular)
notesy (accusative plural)
notesem (instrumental singular)
notesami (instrumental plural)
notesie (locative singular)
notesach (locative plural)
notesie (singular vocative)
notesy (plural vocative)


e-book

e-book (nominative singular)
e-booki (nominative plural)
e-booka (genitive singular)
e-booków (genitive plural)
e-bookowi (dative singular)
e-bookom (dative plural)
e-book (accusative singular)
e-booki (accusative plural)
e-bookiem (instrumental singular)
e-bookami (instrumental plural)
e-booku (locative singular)
e-bookach (locative plural)
e-booku (singular vocative)
e-booki (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English e-book.


Samuel

Samuel (nominative singular)
Samuelowie (nominative plural)
Samuela (genitive singular)
Samuelów (genitive plural)
Samuelowi (dative singular)
Samuelom (dative plural)
Samuela (accusative singular)
Samuelów (accusative plural)
Samuelem (instrumental singular)
Samuelami (instrumental plural)
Samuelu (locative singular)
Samuelach (locative plural)
Samuelu (singular vocative)
Samuelowie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Samuel, from Ancient Greek Σαμουήλ (Samouḗl), from Biblical Hebrew שְׁמוּאֵל (šəmūʾḗl).


bookcrossing

bookcrossing m inan (related adjective bookcrossingowy)

bookcrossingowy (adjective)
bookcrossing (nominative singular)
bookcrossingu (genitive singular)
bookcrossingowi (dative singular)
bookcrossing (accusative singular)
bookcrossingiem (instrumental singular)
bookcrossingu (locative singular)
bookcrossingu (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English bookcrossing.

ubor

bookcrossing (practice of leaving a book in a public location to be found and read by others, who then do the same)


zombi

(computing, fiction, voodoo) Alternative spelling of zombie


profil

profil (nominative singular)
profile (nominative plural)
profilu (genitive singular)
profili (genitive plural)
profilów (genitive plural)
profilowi (dative singular)
profilom (dative plural)
profil (accusative singular)
profile (accusative plural)
profilem (instrumental singular)
profilami (instrumental plural)
profilu (locative singular)
profilach (locative plural)
profilu (singular vocative)
profile (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French profil, from Italian profilo.

(social media) profile (space with personal information in software or Internet systems)


tweet

tweet (nominative singular)
tweety (nominative plural)
tweetu (genitive singular)
tweetów (genitive plural)
tweetowi (dative singular)
tweetom (dative plural)
tweet (accusative singular)
tweety (accusative plural)
tweetem (instrumental singular)
tweetami (instrumental plural)
tweecie (locative singular)
tweetach (locative plural)
tweecie (singular vocative)
tweety (plural vocative)


thriller

thriller (nominative singular)
thrillery (nominative plural)
thrillera (genitive singular)
thrillerów (genitive plural)
thrillerowi (dative singular)
thrillerom (dative plural)
thriller (accusative singular)
thrillery (accusative plural)
thrillerem (instrumental singular)
thrillerami (instrumental plural)
thrillerze (locative singular)
thrillerach (locative plural)
thrillerze (singular vocative)
thrillery (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English thriller.


blockbuster

blockbuster (nominative singular)
blockbustery (nominative plural)
blockbustera (genitive singular)
blockbusterów (genitive plural)
blockbusterowi (dative singular)
blockbusterom (dative plural)
blockbuster (accusative singular)
blockbustery (accusative plural)
blockbusterem (instrumental singular)
blockbusterami (instrumental plural)
blockbusterze (locative singular)
blockbusterach (locative plural)
blockbusterze (singular vocative)
blockbustery (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English blockbuster. First attested in 1997.


layout

layout (nominative singular)
layouty (nominative plural)
layoutu (genitive singular)
layoutów (genitive plural)
layoutowi (dative singular)
layoutom (dative plural)
layout (accusative singular)
layouty (accusative plural)
layoutem (instrumental singular)
layoutami (instrumental plural)
layoucie (locative singular)
layoutach (locative plural)
layoucie (singular vocative)
layouty (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English layout.

(Internet, publishing) layout (physical arrangement of content on a page)


Abraham

pl-prop

Abraham m pers (related adjective Abrahamowy or Abrahamowski)

Abrahamowy (adjective)
Abrahamowski (adjective)
Abraham (nominative singular)
Abrahamowie (nominative plural)
Abrahama (genitive singular)
Abrahamów (genitive plural)
Abrahamowi (dative singular)
Abrahamom (dative plural)
Abrahama (accusative singular)
Abrahamów (accusative plural)
Abrahamem (instrumental singular)
Abrahamami (instrumental plural)
Abrahamie (locative singular)
Abrahamach (locative plural)
Abrahamie (singular vocative)
Abrahamowie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin Ābrahām. Doublet of Abram.


Koran

Koran (nominative singular)
Koranu (genitive singular)
Koranowi (dative singular)
Koran (accusative singular)
Koranem (instrumental singular)
Koranie (locative singular)
Koranie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْقُرْآن (al-qurʔān).


Maria

pl-prop

Maria f (diminutive Marysia or Marynia or Mania, augmentative Marycha)

Marysia (diminutive)
Marynia (diminutive)
Mania (diminutive)
Marycha (augmentative)
Maria (nominative singular)
Marie (nominative plural)
Marii (genitive singular)
Marii (genitive plural)
Maryj (archaic genitive plural)
Marii (dative singular)
Mariom (dative plural)
Marię (accusative singular)
Marie (accusative plural)
Marią (instrumental singular)
Mariami (instrumental plural)
Marii (locative singular)
Mariach (locative plural)
Mario (singular vocative)
Marie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Marīa. Doublet of Maryja.

(uncountable, biblical, Christianity, dated) Mary (mother of Jesus)


Joanna

Joasia (diminutive)
Asia (diminutive)
Joanna (nominative singular)
Joanny (nominative plural)
Joanny (genitive singular)
Joann (genitive plural)
Joannie (dative singular)
Joannom (dative plural)
Joannę (accusative singular)
Joanny (accusative plural)
Joanną (instrumental singular)
Joannami (instrumental plural)
Joannie (locative singular)
Joannach (locative plural)
Joanno (singular vocative)
Joanny (plural vocative)

(uncountable, biblical) Joanna (one of the women following Jesus)


Genesis

Unadapted borrowing from Latin Genesis. Doublet of geneza.


Panna

Panna (nominative singular)
Panny (genitive singular)
Pannie (dative singular)
Pannę (accusative singular)
Panną (instrumental singular)
Pannie (locative singular)
Panno (singular vocative)

(biblical, Christianity, theology) the Virgin, in particular Virgin Mary


Set

Set (nominative singular)
Seta (genitive singular)
Setowi (dative singular)
Seta (accusative singular)
Setem (instrumental singular)
Secie (locative singular)
Secie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Biblical Hebrew שת.

lbor

(biblical) Seth (third son of Adam and Eve)


Tora

Tora (nominative singular)
Tory (genitive singular)
Torze (dative singular)
Torę (accusative singular)
Torą (instrumental singular)
Torze (locative singular)
Toro (singular vocative)


Pan

Pan (nominative singular)
Pana (genitive singular)
Panu (dative singular)
Pana (accusative singular)
Panem (instrumental singular)
Panie (locative singular)
Panie (singular vocative)

(biblical, Christianity, theology) Lord (Jesus)


Wikisłownik

Wikisłownik (nominative singular)
Wikisłowniki (nominative plural)
Wikisłownika (genitive singular)
Wikisłowników (genitive plural)
Wikisłownikowi (dative singular)
Wikisłownikom (dative plural)
Wikisłownik (accusative singular)
Wikisłowniki (accusative plural)
Wikisłownikiem (instrumental singular)
Wikisłownikami (instrumental plural)
Wikisłowniku (locative singular)
Wikisłownikach (locative plural)
Wikisłowniku (singular vocative)
Wikisłowniki (plural vocative)

Partial calque of English Wiktionary. Compare Czech Wikislovník.

Wiktionary (collaborative project run by the Wikimedia Foundation to produce a free and complete dictionary in every language; the dictionaries, collectively, produced by that project)


Abel

Abel (nominative singular)
Able (nominative plural)
Ablowie (nominative plural)
Abla (genitive singular)
Abli (genitive plural)
Ablowi (dative singular)
Ablom (dative plural)
Abla (accusative singular)
Abli (accusative plural)
Ablem (instrumental singular)
Ablami (instrumental plural)
Ablu (locative singular)
Ablach (locative plural)
Ablu (singular vocative)
Able (plural vocative)
Ablowie (plural vocative)


vlog

vlog (nominative singular)
vlogi (nominative plural)
vlogu (genitive singular)
vloga (genitive singular)
vlogów (genitive plural)
vlogowi (dative singular)
vlogom (dative plural)
vlog (accusative singular)
vloga (accusative singular)
vlogi (accusative plural)
vlogiem (instrumental singular)
vlogami (instrumental plural)
vlogu (locative singular)
vlogach (locative plural)
vlogu (singular vocative)
vlogi (plural vocative)


reporter

pl-noun

reporter m pers (female equivalent reporterka, augmentative reporterzyna, related adjective reporterski)

reporterka (feminine)
reporterzyna (augmentative)
reporterski (adjective)
reporter (nominative singular)
reporterzy (nominative plural)
reportery (derogatory nominative plural)
reportera (genitive singular)
reporterów (genitive plural)
reporterowi (dative singular)
reporterom (dative plural)
reportera (accusative singular)
reporterów (accusative plural)
reporterem (instrumental singular)
reporterami (instrumental plural)
reporterze (locative singular)
reporterach (locative plural)
reporterze (singular vocative)
reporterzy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare German Reporter, Russian репортёр (reportjór), Spanish reportero, ultimately from English reporter.

(journalism) reporter (journalist who investigates, edits, and reports news stories for newspapers, radio, and television)


Disney

pl-prop

Disney m pers (related adjective disnejowski)

disnejowski (adjective)
Disney (nominative singular)
Disneya (genitive singular)
Disneyowi (dative singular)
Disneya (accusative singular)
Disneyem (instrumental singular)
Disneyu (locative singular)
Disneyu (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Disney.

Walt Disney (American animator, film producer, voice actor, and entrepreneur)

(metonymically) Disney (The Walt Disney Company, named after Walt Disney)


Hiob

Hiob (nominative singular)
Hiobowie (nominative plural)
Hioba (genitive singular)
Hiobów (genitive plural)
Hiobowi (dative singular)
Hiobom (dative plural)
Hioba (accusative singular)
Hiobów (accusative plural)
Hiobem (instrumental singular)
Hiobami (instrumental plural)
Hiobie (locative singular)
Hiobach (locative plural)
Hiobie (singular vocative)
Hiobowie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Iob, from Ancient Greek Ἰώβ (Iṓb), from Biblical Hebrew אִיּוֹב (ʾiyyōḇ).

(biblical) Job (Biblical and Qur'anic character)


aktor

pl-noun

aktor m pers (female equivalent aktorka, diminutive aktorzyk, augmentative aktorzyna or aktorzysko)

aktorka (feminine)
aktorzyk (diminutive)
aktorzyna (augmentative)
aktorzysko (augmentative)
aktor (nominative singular)
aktorzy (nominative plural)
aktory (derogatory nominative plural)
aktora (genitive singular)
aktorów (genitive plural)
aktorowi (dative singular)
aktorom (dative plural)
aktora (accusative singular)
aktorów (accusative plural)
aktorem (instrumental singular)
aktorami (instrumental plural)
aktorze (locative singular)
aktorach (locative plural)
aktorze (singular vocative)
aktorzy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin āctor. Sense 1 is a semantic loan from French acteur. First attested in 1587.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “aktor”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(film, television, theater) actor (person who performs in a theatrical play or film)


Talmud

pl-prop

Talmud m inan (related adjective talmudowy or talmudyczny)

talmudowy (adjective)
talmudyczny (adjective)
Talmud (nominative singular)
Talmudy (nominative plural)
Talmudu (genitive singular)
Talmudów (genitive plural)
Talmudowi (dative singular)
Talmudom (dative plural)
Talmud (accusative singular)
Talmudy (accusative plural)
Talmudem (instrumental singular)
Talmudami (instrumental plural)
Talmudzie (locative singular)
Talmudach (locative plural)
Talmudzie (singular vocative)
Talmudy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Hebrew תַּלְמוּד (talmúd).

(Judaism) Talmud (collection of Jewish writings)


steampunk

steampunk (nominative singular)
steampunku (genitive singular)
steampunkowi (dative singular)
steampunk (accusative singular)
steampunkiem (instrumental singular)
steampunku (locative singular)
steampunku (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English steampunk.

ubor

(film, science fiction) steampunk (sci-fi subgenre)


realia

realia (nominative plural)
realiów (genitive plural)
realiom (dative plural)
realia (accusative plural)
realiami (instrumental plural)
realiach (locative plural)
realia (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin realia, neuter plural of realis (“real”).

lbor

(literature, film) backstory, background


newsletter

newsletter (nominative singular)
newslettery (nominative plural)
newslettera (genitive singular)
newsletterów (genitive plural)
newsletterowi (dative singular)
newsletterom (dative plural)
newsletter (accusative singular)
newslettery (accusative plural)
newsletterem (instrumental singular)
newsletterami (instrumental plural)
newsletterze (locative singular)
newsletterach (locative plural)
newsletterze (singular vocative)
newslettery (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English newsletter.


biblioteka

pl-noun

biblioteka f (diminutive biblioteczka, related adjective biblioteczny)

biblioteczka (diminutive)
biblioteczny (adjective)
biblioteka (nominative singular)
biblioteki (nominative plural)
biblioteki (genitive singular)
bibliotek (genitive plural)
bibliotece (dative singular)
bibliotekom (dative plural)
bibliotekę (accusative singular)
biblioteki (accusative plural)
biblioteką (instrumental singular)
bibliotekami (instrumental plural)
bibliotece (locative singular)
bibliotekach (locative plural)
biblioteko (singular vocative)
biblioteki (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin bibliothēca.

lbor

library (special room in the apartment with shelves of books)


Joel

Joel (nominative singular)
Joela (genitive singular)
Joelowi (dative singular)
Joela (accusative singular)
Joelem (instrumental singular)
Joelu (locative singular)
Joelu (singular vocative)

(biblical) Joel (prophet whose story is told in the Book of Daniel)


Eden

Eden (nominative singular)
Edenu (genitive singular)
Edenowi (dative singular)
Eden (accusative singular)
Edenem (instrumental singular)
Edenie (locative singular)
Edenie (singular vocative)

(biblical) Eden (garden built by God as the home for Adam and Eve; sometimes identified as part of Mesopotamia)


soundtrack

soundtrack (nominative singular)
soundtracki (nominative plural)
soundtracku (genitive singular)
soundtracków (genitive plural)
soundtrackowi (dative singular)
soundtrackom (dative plural)
soundtrack (accusative singular)
soundtracki (accusative plural)
soundtrackiem (instrumental singular)
soundtrackami (instrumental plural)
soundtracku (locative singular)
soundtrackach (locative plural)
soundtracku (singular vocative)
soundtracki (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English soundtrack.

ubor

(film, gaming, music, television, theater) soundtrack (narrow strip running down a movie film that carries the recorded sound in synchronization with the pictures)

(film, gaming, music, television, theater) soundtrack (the sound (especially the music) component of a movie)

(film, gaming, music, television, theater) soundtrack (recording of such music for sale)


PlayStation

Unadapted borrowing from English PlayStation.

PlayStation (any of the home consoles in Sony's PlayStation product line, especially the original PlayStation)


bibliomania

bibliomania (nominative singular)
bibliomanii (genitive singular)
bibliomanii (dative singular)
bibliomanię (accusative singular)
bibliomanią (instrumental singular)
bibliomanii (locative singular)
bibliomanio (singular vocative)

From biblio- + -mania. First attested in 1819.


baja

baja (nominative singular)
baje (nominative plural)
bai (genitive singular)
baj (genitive plural)
bai (dative singular)
bajom (dative plural)
baję (accusative singular)
baje (accusative plural)
bają (instrumental singular)
bajami (instrumental plural)
bai (locative singular)
bajach (locative plural)
bajo (singular vocative)
baje (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Baie, from French baie.


crossover

crossover (nominative singular)
crossovery (nominative plural)
crossoveru (genitive singular)
crossoverów (genitive plural)
crossoverowi (dative singular)
crossoverom (dative plural)
crossover (accusative singular)
crossovery (accusative plural)
crossoverem (instrumental singular)
crossoverami (instrumental plural)
crossoverze (locative singular)
crossoverach (locative plural)
crossoverze (singular vocative)
crossovery (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English crossover.

(film, music) crossover (blend of multiple styles of music or multiple film genres, intended to appeal to a wider audience)


influencer

pl-noun

influencer m pers (female equivalent influencerka, related adjective influencerski)

influencerka (feminine)
influencerski (adjective)
influencer (nominative singular)
influencerzy (nominative plural)
influencery (derogatory nominative plural)
influencera (genitive singular)
influencerów (genitive plural)
influencerowi (dative singular)
influencerom (dative plural)
influencera (accusative singular)
influencerów (accusative plural)
influencerem (instrumental singular)
influencerami (instrumental plural)
influencerze (locative singular)
influencerach (locative plural)
influencerze (singular vocative)
influencerzy (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English influencer.

ubor

influencer (person who is able to influence consumption, lifestyle, or political preferences of their online audience by creating or engaging social media content, often as a part of a marketing campaign)


werk

werk (nominative singular)
werki (nominative plural)
werku (genitive singular)
werków (genitive plural)
werkowi (dative singular)
werkom (dative plural)
werk (accusative singular)
werki (accusative plural)
werkiem (instrumental singular)
werkami (instrumental plural)
werku (locative singular)
werkach (locative plural)
werku (singular vocative)
werki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Werk, from Middle High German wërc, from Old High German werc, from Proto-West Germanic *werk, from Proto-Germanic *werką, from Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom. Possibly a doublet of wiersza (“fishing basket”).

(cinematography) photo documenting the film set


manna

pl-noun

manna f (related adjective manniany or mannowy)

manniany (adjective)
mannowy (adjective)
manna (nominative singular)
manny (nominative plural)
manny (genitive singular)
mann (genitive plural)
mannie (dative singular)
mannom (dative plural)
mannę (accusative singular)
manny (accusative plural)
manną (instrumental singular)
mannami (instrumental plural)
mannie (locative singular)
mannach (locative plural)
manno (singular vocative)
manny (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin manna.

(biblical) manna (food miraculously produced for the Israelites in the desert in the book of Exodus)


headshot

headshot (nominative singular)
headshoty (nominative plural)
headshota (genitive singular)
headshotów (genitive plural)
headshotowi (dative singular)
headshotom (dative plural)
headshot (accusative singular)
headshoty (accusative plural)
headshotem (instrumental singular)
headshotami (instrumental plural)
headshocie (locative singular)
headshotach (locative plural)
headshocie (singular vocative)
headshoty (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English headshot.

ubor

(video games) headshot (gunshot to the head)


teaser

teaser (nominative singular)
teasery (nominative plural)
teasera (genitive singular)
teaserów (genitive plural)
teaserowi (dative singular)
teaserom (dative plural)
teaser (accusative singular)
teasery (accusative plural)
teaserem (instrumental singular)
teaserami (instrumental plural)
teaserze (locative singular)
teaserach (locative plural)
teaserze (singular vocative)
teasery (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English teaser.

(film, marketing, television) teaser (short acting scene preceding the actual lead of a film or television series)

(film, marketing) trailer (preview of a film)


kino

kino (nominative singular)
kina (nominative plural)
kina (genitive singular)
kin (genitive plural)
kinu (dative singular)
kinom (dative plural)
kino (accusative singular)
kina (accusative plural)
kinem (instrumental singular)
kinami (instrumental plural)
kinie (locative singular)
kinach (locative plural)
kino (singular vocative)
kina (plural vocative)


bajka

pl-noun

bajka f (diminutive bajeczka, augmentative baja)

bajeczka (diminutive)
baja (augmentative)
bajka (nominative singular)
bajki (nominative plural)
bajki (genitive singular)
bajek (genitive plural)
bajce (dative singular)
bajkom (dative plural)
bajkę (accusative singular)
bajki (accusative plural)
bajką (instrumental singular)
bajkami (instrumental plural)
bajce (locative singular)
bajkach (locative plural)
bajko (singular vocative)
bajki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bajьka. By surface analysis, bajać + -ka.

fable, apologue (a story reenforcing some moral or morals)

fairy tale (a story containing imaginary events)

(colloquial, chiefly negated) cup of tea, one's thing (area of interest)


moc

moc (nominative singular)
moce (nominative plural)
mocy (genitive singular)
mocy (genitive plural)
mocy (dative singular)
mocom (dative plural)
moc (accusative singular)
moce (accusative plural)
mocą (instrumental singular)
mocami (instrumental plural)
mocy (locative singular)
mocach (locative plural)
mocy (singular vocative)
moce (plural vocative)

(uncountable, Middle Polish, biblical) host of heaven understood as an army of angels or as stars

(uncountable, Middle Polish, biblical) heaven; sky

(uncountable, Middle Polish, biblical) wealth, possessions

(countable, Middle Polish, biblical) act, action; brave deed

(countable, Middle Polish, biblical) stern facial expression

(uncountable, Middle Polish, biblical) helmet


paparazzo

paparazzo (nominative singular)
paparazzi (nominative plural)
paparazzo (genitive singular)
paparazzich (genitive plural)
paparazzo (dative singular)
paparazzim (dative plural)
paparazzo (accusative singular)
paparazzich (accusative plural)
paparazzo (instrumental singular)
paparazzimi (instrumental plural)
paparazzo (locative singular)
paparazzich (locative plural)
paparazzo (singular vocative)
paparazzi (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Italian paparazzo.

ubor

(journalism, photography) paparazzo (freelance photographer who sells photographs of celebrities to the media, especially one who pursues celebrities and attempts to obtain candid photographs)


Absalom

Absalom (nominative singular)
Absalomowie (nominative plural)
Absaloma (genitive singular)
Absalomów (genitive plural)
Absalomowi (dative singular)
Absalomom (dative plural)
Absaloma (accusative singular)
Absalomów (accusative plural)
Absalomem (instrumental singular)
Absalomami (instrumental plural)
Absalomie (locative singular)
Absalomach (locative plural)
Absalomie (singular vocative)
Absalomowie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Absālōm, from Hebrew אַבְשָׁלוֹם. Compare Old Polish Absalon.

der

Hebrew אַבְשָׁלוֹם


dubbing

dubbing (nominative singular)
dubbingi (nominative plural)
dubbingu (genitive singular)
dubbingów (genitive plural)
dubbingowi (dative singular)
dubbingom (dative plural)
dubbing (accusative singular)
dubbingi (accusative plural)
dubbingiem (instrumental singular)
dubbingami (instrumental plural)
dubbingu (locative singular)
dubbingach (locative plural)
dubbingu (singular vocative)
dubbingi (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English dubbing.


gamepad

gamepad (nominative singular)
gamepady (nominative plural)
gamepadu (genitive singular)
gamepadów (genitive plural)
gamepadowi (dative singular)
gamepadom (dative plural)
gamepad (accusative singular)
gamepady (accusative plural)
gamepadem (instrumental singular)
gamepadami (instrumental plural)
gamepadzie (locative singular)
gamepadach (locative plural)
gamepadzie (singular vocative)
gamepady (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English gamepad.


dokument

pl-noun

dokument m inan (diminutive dokumencik, related adjective dokumentowy)

dokumencik (diminutive)
dokumentowy (adjective)
dokument (nominative singular)
dokumenty (nominative plural)
dokumenta (nominative plural)
dokumentu (genitive singular)
dokumentów (genitive plural)
dokumentowi (dative singular)
dokumentom (dative plural)
dokument (accusative singular)
dokumenty (accusative plural)
dokumenta (accusative plural)
dokumentem (instrumental singular)
dokumentami (instrumental plural)
dokumencie (locative singular)
dokumentach (locative plural)
dokumencie (singular vocative)
dokumenty (plural vocative)
dokumenta (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: dokùment

Learned borrowing from Latin documentum. First attested in 1564. Compare Silesian dokumynt.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “dokument”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

(colloquial, film) documentary (documentary film) [with o (+ locative) ‘about whom/what’]


Herod

Herod (nominative singular)
Heroda (genitive singular)
Herodowi (dative singular)
Heroda (accusative singular)
Herodem (instrumental singular)
Herodzie (locative singular)
Herodzie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἡρῴδης (Hērṓidēs).


Lidia

Lidia (nominative singular)
Lidie (nominative plural)
Lidii (genitive singular)
Lidii (genitive plural)
Lidyj (archaic genitive plural)
Lidii (dative singular)
Lidiom (dative plural)
Lidię (accusative singular)
Lidie (accusative plural)
Lidią (instrumental singular)
Lidiami (instrumental plural)
Lidii (locative singular)
Lidiach (locative plural)
Lidio (singular vocative)
Lidie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Lȳdia, from Ancient Greek Λυδία (Ludía), from Λυδός (Ludós), from Lydian *luwdja.

(Christianity) Lydia (biblical character)


Abram

Abram (nominative singular)
Abramowie (nominative plural)
Abrama (genitive singular)
Abramów (genitive plural)
Abramowi (dative singular)
Abramom (dative plural)
Abrama (accusative singular)
Abramów (accusative plural)
Abramem (instrumental singular)
Abramami (instrumental plural)
Abramie (locative singular)
Abramach (locative plural)
Abramie (singular vocative)
Abramowie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Hebrew אַבְרָם. Doublet of Abraham.

(uncountable, biblical, Qur'an) Abraham (prophet in the Old Testament, Qur'an and Aqdas; a Semitic patriarch son of Terah who practiced monotheism, father of the Jewish patriarch Isaac by Sarah and the Arab patriarch Ishmael by Hagar)


animator

pl-noun

animator m pers (female equivalent animatorka)

animatorka (feminine)
animator (nominative singular)
animatorzy (nominative plural)
animatory (derogatory nominative plural)
animatora (genitive singular)
animatorów (genitive plural)
animatorowi (dative singular)
animatorom (dative plural)
animatora (accusative singular)
animatorów (accusative plural)
animatorem (instrumental singular)
animatorami (instrumental plural)
animatorze (locative singular)
animatorach (locative plural)
animatorze (singular vocative)
animatorzy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French animateur, from Latin animō + -ato. First attested in 1915.

ref

Dziennik Poznański : wychodzi codziennie z wyjątkiem poniedziałków i dni poświętnych (in Polish), number R.57, nr 23, 1915, page 6

(film) animator (person who makes animated films)


Juda

Juda (nominative singular)
Judy (genitive singular)
Judzie (dative singular)
Judę (accusative singular)
Judą (instrumental singular)
Judzie (locative singular)
Judo (singular vocative)

(biblical) Judah (fourth son of Jacob, by his wife Leah)

(biblical) Judah (one of the Israelite tribes)


Juda

(biblical) Judah (southern Israelite kingdom which continued to be ruled by the Davidic dynasty after Solomon's death and the breakup of the united monarchy, with the northern portion keeping the name Israel)


Rebeka

Rebeka (nominative singular)
Rebeki (nominative plural)
Rebeki (genitive singular)
Rebek (genitive plural)
Rebece (dative singular)
Rebekom (dative plural)
Rebekę (accusative singular)
Rebeki (accusative plural)
Rebeką (instrumental singular)
Rebekami (instrumental plural)
Rebece (locative singular)
Rebekach (locative plural)
Rebeko (singular vocative)
Rebeki (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Rebecca, from Biblical Hebrew רִבְקָה.

(biblical) Rebekah (sister of Laban and wife to Isaac)


skręcić

skręcać (imperfective)
skręcić (infinitive)
skręcę (future singular)
skręcimy (future plural)
skręcisz (future singular)
skręcicie (future plural)
skręci (future singular third-person)
skręcą (future plural third-person)
skręci się (future impersonal)
skręciłem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m skręcił (masculine past singular)
skręciłam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m skręciła (feminine past singular)
skręciłom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m skręciło (neuter past singular)
skręciliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy skręcili (past plural virile)
skręciłyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy skręciły (nonvirile past plural)
skręciłeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś skręcił (masculine past singular)
skręciłaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś skręciła (feminine past singular)
skręciłoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś skręciło (neuter past singular)
skręciliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście skręcili (past plural virile)
skręciłyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście skręciły (nonvirile past plural)
skręcił (masculine past singular third-person)
skręciła (feminine past singular third-person)
skręciło (neuter past singular third-person)
skręcili (past plural third-person virile)
skręciły (nonvirile past plural third-person)
skręcono (impersonal past)
skręciłbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym skręcił (conditional masculine singular)
skręciłabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym skręciła (conditional feminine singular)
skręciłobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym skręciło (conditional neuter singular)
skręcilibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy skręcili (conditional plural virile)
skręciłybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy skręciły (conditional nonvirile plural)
skręciłbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś skręcił (conditional masculine singular)
skręciłabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś skręciła (conditional feminine singular)
skręciłobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś skręciło (conditional neuter singular)
skręcilibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście skręcili (conditional plural virile)
skręciłybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście skręciły (conditional nonvirile plural)
skręciłby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by skręcił (conditional masculine singular third-person)
skręciłaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by skręciła (conditional feminine singular third-person)
skręciłoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by skręciło (conditional neuter singular third-person)
skręciliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by skręcili (conditional plural third-person virile)
skręciłyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by skręciły (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
skręcono by (conditional impersonal)
niech skręcę (imperative singular)
skręćmy (imperative plural)
skręć (imperative singular)
skręćcie (imperative plural)
niech skręci (imperative singular third-person)
niech skręcą (imperative plural third-person)
skręcony (adjectival masculine participle passive singular)
skręcona (adjectival feminine participle passive singular)
skręcone (adjectival neuter participle passive singular)
skręceni (adjectival participle passive plural virile)
skręcone (adjectival nonvirile participle passive plural)
skręciwszy (adverbial anterior participle)
skręcenie (noun-from-verb)


zdjęcie

pl-noun

zdjęcie n (diminutive zdjątko, related adjective zdjęciowy)

zdjątko (diminutive)
zdjęciowy (adjective)
zdjęcie (nominative singular)
zdjęcia (nominative plural)
zdjęcia (genitive singular)
zdjęć (genitive plural)
zdjęciu (dative singular)
zdjęciom (dative plural)
zdjęcie (accusative singular)
zdjęcia (accusative plural)
zdjęciem (instrumental singular)
zdjęciami (instrumental plural)
zdjęciu (locative singular)
zdjęciach (locative plural)
zdjęcie (singular vocative)
zdjęcia (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish zjęcie. By surface analysis, zdjąć + -ęcie.

(in the plural, cinematography) cinematography (process of recording scenes that are transformed into a film in the editing process)

(in the plural, cinematography) video (recorded moving images)


Mahomet

Mahomet (nominative singular)
Mahometa (genitive singular)
Mahometowi (dative singular)
Mahometa (accusative singular)
Mahometem (instrumental singular)
Mahomecie (locative singular)
Mahomecie (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Mahometus, from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).


joypad

joypad (nominative singular)
joypady (nominative plural)
joypadu (genitive singular)
joypadów (genitive plural)
joypadowi (dative singular)
joypadom (dative plural)
joypad (accusative singular)
joypady (accusative plural)
joypadem (instrumental singular)
joypadami (instrumental plural)
joypadzie (locative singular)
joypadach (locative plural)
joypadzie (singular vocative)
joypady (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English joypad.


Jezus

Jezusek (diminutive)
Jezus (nominative singular)
Jezusa (genitive singular)
Jezusowi (dative singular)
Jezusa (accusative singular)
Jezusem (instrumental singular)
Jezusie (locative singular)
Jezusie (singular vocative)
Jezu (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Iēsūs. Doublet of Jozue.

(biblical, Christianity, Islam, Baháʼí Faith) Jesus (Jesus of Nazareth, a first-century Jewish religious preacher and craftsman from Galilee held to be a prophet, teacher, the son of God, and the Messiah, or Christ, in Christianity; also called "Jesus Christ" by Christians; held to be a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís)


tetralogia

tetralogia f (related adjective tetralogiczny)

tetralogiczny (adjective)
tetralogia (nominative singular)
tetralogie (nominative plural)
tetralogii (genitive singular)
tetralogii (genitive plural)
tetralogij (archaic genitive plural)
tetralogii (dative singular)
tetralogiom (dative plural)
tetralogię (accusative singular)
tetralogie (accusative plural)
tetralogią (instrumental singular)
tetralogiami (instrumental plural)
tetralogii (locative singular)
tetralogiach (locative plural)
tetralogio (singular vocative)
tetralogie (plural vocative)

(film, literature, music, painting, theater) tetralogy (set of four works of art that are connected, and that can be seen either as a single work or as four individual works)


bibliografia

bibliografia (nominative singular)
bibliografie (nominative plural)
bibliografii (genitive singular)
bibliografii (genitive plural)
bibliografij (archaic genitive plural)
bibliografii (dative singular)
bibliografiom (dative plural)
bibliografię (accusative singular)
bibliografie (accusative plural)
bibliografią (instrumental singular)
bibliografiami (instrumental plural)
bibliografii (locative singular)
bibliografiach (locative plural)
bibliografio (singular vocative)
bibliografie (plural vocative)

From biblio- + -grafia. First attested in 1861.

bogata bibliografia

dokładna bibliografia

obszerna bibliografia

pełna bibliografia

szczegółowa bibliografia

wyczerpująca bibliografia

bibliografia czasopism

bibliografia druków

bibliografia książek

bibliografia prac

bibliografia tekstów

bibliografia obejmuje/zawiera coś

a bibliography includes/contains something

dołączyć bibliografię

przejrzeć bibliografię

umieścić/zamieścić bibliografię

uzupełnić bibliografię

bibliography (a section of a written work containing citations, not quotations, to all the books referred to in the work)

dzieje/historia bibliografii

interesować się bibliografią

zajmować się bibliografią

bibliography (the study of the history of books in terms of their classification, printing and publication)


vademecum

Unadapted borrowing from Latin vademēcum.


procedural

procedural (nominative singular)
procedurale (nominative plural)
procedurala (genitive singular)
procedurali (genitive plural)
proceduralów (genitive plural)
proceduralowi (dative singular)
proceduralom (dative plural)
procedural (accusative singular)
procedurale (accusative plural)
proceduralem (instrumental singular)
proceduralami (instrumental plural)
proceduralu (locative singular)
proceduralach (locative plural)
proceduralu (singular vocative)
procedurale (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English procedural. By surface analysis, back-formation from proceduralny.

surf

(colloquial, film, television) procedural, police procedural (television series, or film characterized by detailed, realistic treatment of professional procedures, especially police procedures)


Elohim

Transliteration of Biblical Hebrew אלוהים.

translit

(biblical, Judaism, theology) Elohim (one of the alternate names of God found in the Old Testament)


Melchizedek

Melchizedek (nominative singular)
Melchizedka (genitive singular)
Melchizedkowi (dative singular)
Melchizedka (accusative singular)
Melchizedkiem (instrumental singular)
Melchizedku (locative singular)
Melchizedku (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Melchisedech, from Ancient Greek Μελχισέδεκ (Melkhisédek), from Hebrew מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק (malkî-ṣed̠eq).

der

מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק

Hebrew מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק (malkî-ṣed̠eq)

Melchizedek (king and priest mentioned in the book of Genesis; contemporary of Abraham)


seans

seansik (diminutive)
seans (nominative singular)
seanse (nominative plural)
seansy (nominative plural)
seansu (genitive singular)
seansów (genitive plural)
seansowi (dative singular)
seansom (dative plural)
seans (accusative singular)
seanse (accusative plural)
seansy (accusative plural)
seansem (instrumental singular)
seansami (instrumental plural)
seansie (locative singular)
seansach (locative plural)
seansie (singular vocative)
seanse (plural vocative)
seansy (plural vocative)

séance (ceremony where people try to communicate with the spirits)


kadr

kadr (nominative singular)
kadry (nominative plural)
kadru (genitive singular)
kadrów (genitive plural)
kadrowi (dative singular)
kadrom (dative plural)
kadr (accusative singular)
kadry (accusative plural)
kadrem (instrumental singular)
kadrami (instrumental plural)
kadrze (locative singular)
kadrach (locative plural)
kadrze (singular vocative)
kadry (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French cadre, from Italian quadro, from Latin quadrum.

(animation, film) frame (piece of photographic film containing an image)


epizod

epizodzik (diminutive)
epizod (nominative singular)
epizody (nominative plural)
epizodu (genitive singular)
epizodów (genitive plural)
epizodowi (dative singular)
epizodom (dative plural)
epizod (accusative singular)
epizody (accusative plural)
epizodem (instrumental singular)
epizodami (instrumental plural)
epizodzie (locative singular)
epizodach (locative plural)
epizodzie (singular vocative)
epizody (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French épisode, from Ancient Greek ἐπεισόδιον (epeisódion).

(art, colloquial, film, literature, theater) episode (instalment of a drama told in parts)


lektor

lektor (nominative singular)
lektorzy (nominative plural)
lektory (derogatory nominative plural)
lektora (genitive singular)
lektorów (genitive plural)
lektorowi (dative singular)
lektorom (dative plural)
lektora (accusative singular)
lektorów (accusative plural)
lektorem (instrumental singular)
lektorami (instrumental plural)
lektorze (locative singular)
lektorach (locative plural)
lektorze (singular vocative)
lektorzy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin lēctor (“lecturer, reader”).

lbor

(television) off-screen reader, narrator, lector; in particular a voice-over artist

(television, by metonymy, colloquial) voice-over (a voice-overed release of foreign content, as opposed to a lip-sync-dubbed one)


Gilead

Gilead (nominative singular)
Gileadu (genitive singular)
Gileadowi (dative singular)
Gilead (accusative singular)
Gileadem (instrumental singular)
Gileadzie (locative singular)
Gileadzie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew גִּלְעָד (gil'ád).

bor+

(biblical) Gilead (a region east of the Jordan river in Israel)


Kain

Kain (nominative singular)
Kaini (nominative plural)
Kainy (derogatory nominative plural)
Kaina (genitive singular)
Kainów (genitive plural)
Kainowi (dative singular)
Kainom (dative plural)
Kaina (accusative singular)
Kainów (accusative plural)
Kainem (instrumental singular)
Kainami (instrumental plural)
Kainie (locative singular)
Kainach (locative plural)
Kainie (singular vocative)
Kaini (plural vocative)


fotos

fotos (nominative singular)
fotosy (nominative plural)
fotosu (genitive singular)
fotosów (genitive plural)
fotosowi (dative singular)
fotosom (dative plural)
fotos (accusative singular)
fotosy (accusative plural)
fotosem (instrumental singular)
fotosami (instrumental plural)
fotosie (locative singular)
fotosach (locative plural)
fotosie (singular vocative)
fotosy (plural vocative)


kanon

pl-noun

kanon m inan (related adjective kanonowy)

kanonowy (adjective)
kanon (nominative singular)
kanony (nominative plural)
kanonu (genitive singular)
kanonów (genitive plural)
kanonowi (dative singular)
kanonom (dative plural)
kanon (accusative singular)
kanony (accusative plural)
kanonem (instrumental singular)
kanonami (instrumental plural)
kanonie (locative singular)
kanonach (locative plural)
kanonie (singular vocative)
kanony (plural vocative)

(biblical, Christianity, Judaism) biblical canon (set of texts (also called "books") which a particular Jewish or Christian religious community regards as part of the Bible)


protagonista

protagonista m pers (female equivalent protagonistka)

protagonistka (feminine)
protagonista (nominative singular)
protagoniści (nominative plural)
protagonisty (derogatory nominative plural)
protagonisty (genitive singular)
protagonistów (genitive plural)
protagoniście (dative singular)
protagonistom (dative plural)
protagonistę (accusative singular)
protagonistów (accusative plural)
protagonistą (instrumental singular)
protagonistami (instrumental plural)
protagoniście (locative singular)
protagonistach (locative plural)
protagonisto (singular vocative)
protagoniści (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French protagoniste, from Ancient Greek πρωταγωνιστής (prōtagōnistḗs).

der

πρωταγωνιστής

(film, literature, theater) protagonist (main character)


Tartar

Tartar (nominative singular)
Tartaru (genitive singular)
Tartarowi (dative singular)
Tartar (accusative singular)
Tartarem (instrumental singular)
Tartarze (locative singular)
Tartarze (singular vocative)

(biblical, Christianity) Tartarus (Greek New Testament word used for Hell (in Christian belief), derived from the pagan Greek use)


antena

antenka (diminutive)
antena (nominative singular)
anteny (nominative plural)
anteny (genitive singular)
anten (genitive plural)
antenie (dative singular)
antenom (dative plural)
antenę (accusative singular)
anteny (accusative plural)
anteną (instrumental singular)
antenami (instrumental plural)
antenie (locative singular)
antenach (locative plural)
anteno (singular vocative)
anteny (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English antenna, French antenne, German Antenne, ultimately from Latin antenna.

(broadcasting, television) program or channel on a given radio or television station


dramaturgia

dramaturgia (nominative singular)
dramaturgii (genitive singular)
dramaturgii (dative singular)
dramaturgię (accusative singular)
dramaturgią (instrumental singular)
dramaturgii (locative singular)
dramaturgio (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English dramaturgy, French dramaturgie, German Dramaturgie, ultimately from Ancient Greek δραματουργία (dramatourgía).

δραματουργία

(film, literature, music, theater) drama (act of building tension in the course of the plot in a literary, theatrical, cinematic, or musical work)


Nintendo

Nintendo (Japanese multinational company that develops, publishes, and releases both video games and video game consoles)


Apokalipsa

Apokalipsa (nominative singular)
Apokalipsy (genitive singular)
Apokalipsie (dative singular)
Apokalipsę (accusative singular)
Apokalipsą (instrumental singular)
Apokalipsie (locative singular)
Apokalipso (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Apocalypsis, from Ancient Greek ἀποκάλυψις (apokálupsis).

lbor

Apocalypse, Revelation (book of the Bible)


strategia

strategia (nominative singular)
strategie (nominative plural)
strategii (genitive singular)
strategii (genitive plural)
strategij (archaic genitive plural)
strategii (dative singular)
strategiom (dative plural)
strategię (accusative singular)
strategie (accusative plural)
strategią (instrumental singular)
strategiami (instrumental plural)
strategii (locative singular)
strategiach (locative plural)
strategio (singular vocative)
strategie (plural vocative)


cegła

pl-noun

cegła f (diminutive cegiełka, related adjective ceglany)

cegiełka (diminutive)
ceglany (adjective)
cegła (nominative singular)
cegły (nominative plural)
cegły (genitive singular)
cegieł (genitive plural)
cegle (dative singular)
cegłom (dative plural)
cegłę (accusative singular)
cegły (accusative plural)
cegłą (instrumental singular)
cegłami (instrumental plural)
cegle (locative singular)
cegłach (locative plural)
cegło (singular vocative)
cegły (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: цэ́гла (céhla)

→ Ukrainian: це́гла (céhla)

Borrowed from Middle High German ziegel.

(derogatory, figurative) thick and uninteresting book


reporterka

reporter (masculine)
reporterka (nominative singular)
reporterki (nominative plural)
reporterki (genitive singular)
reporterek (genitive plural)
reporterce (dative singular)
reporterkom (dative plural)
reporterkę (accusative singular)
reporterki (accusative plural)
reporterką (instrumental singular)
reporterkami (instrumental plural)
reporterce (locative singular)
reporterkach (locative plural)
reporterko (singular vocative)
reporterki (plural vocative)

(colloquial, journalism) reporterism (activity or profession of being a reporter)


otaku

(fandom slang) otaku (person with an obsessive interest in something, particularly obsessive Japanese fans of anime or manga)


zakon

zakon (nominative singular)
zakony (nominative plural)
zakonu (genitive singular)
zakonów (genitive plural)
zakonowi (dative singular)
zakonom (dative plural)
zakon (accusative singular)
zakony (accusative plural)
zakonem (instrumental singular)
zakonami (instrumental plural)
zakonie (locative singular)
zakonach (locative plural)
zakonie (singular vocative)
zakony (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish zakon, from Proto-Slavic *zakonъ.


czasownik

czasownik m inan (related adjective czasownikowy)

czasownikowy (adjective)
czasownik (nominative singular)
czasowniki (nominative plural)
czasownika (genitive singular)
czasowników (genitive plural)
czasownikowi (dative singular)
czasownikom (dative plural)
czasownik (accusative singular)
czasowniki (accusative plural)
czasownikiem (instrumental singular)
czasownikami (instrumental plural)
czasowniku (locative singular)
czasownikach (locative plural)
czasowniku (singular vocative)
czasowniki (plural vocative)

From czasowy + -nik. Calque of German Zeitwort.


prowadzić

pl-verb

prowadzić impf (frequentative prowadzać)

prowadzać (frequentative)
prowadzić (infinitive)
prowadzę (present singular)
prowadzimy (plural present)
prowadzisz (present singular)
prowadzicie (plural present)
prowadzi (present singular third-person)
prowadzą (plural present third-person)
prowadzi się (impersonal present)
prowadziłem (masculine past singular)
-(e)m prowadził (masculine past singular)
prowadziłam (feminine past singular)
-(e)m prowadziła (feminine past singular)
prowadziłom (neuter past singular)
-(e)m prowadziło (neuter past singular)
prowadziliśmy (past plural virile)
-(e)śmy prowadzili (past plural virile)
prowadziłyśmy (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)śmy prowadziły (nonvirile past plural)
prowadziłeś (masculine past singular)
-(e)ś prowadził (masculine past singular)
prowadziłaś (feminine past singular)
-(e)ś prowadziła (feminine past singular)
prowadziłoś (neuter past singular)
-(e)ś prowadziło (neuter past singular)
prowadziliście (past plural virile)
-(e)ście prowadzili (past plural virile)
prowadziłyście (nonvirile past plural)
-(e)ście prowadziły (nonvirile past plural)
prowadził (masculine past singular third-person)
prowadziła (feminine past singular third-person)
prowadziło (neuter past singular third-person)
prowadzili (past plural third-person virile)
prowadziły (nonvirile past plural third-person)
prowadzono (impersonal past)
będę prowadził (future masculine singular)
będę prowadzić (future masculine singular)
będę prowadziła (feminine future singular)
będę prowadzić (feminine future singular)
będę prowadziło (future neuter singular)
będę prowadzić (future neuter singular)
będziemy prowadzili (future plural virile)
będziemy prowadzić (future plural virile)
będziemy prowadziły (future nonvirile plural)
będziemy prowadzić (future nonvirile plural)
będziesz prowadził (future masculine singular)
będziesz prowadzić (future masculine singular)
będziesz prowadziła (feminine future singular)
będziesz prowadzić (feminine future singular)
będziesz prowadziło (future neuter singular)
będziesz prowadzić (future neuter singular)
będziecie prowadzili (future plural virile)
będziecie prowadzić (future plural virile)
będziecie prowadziły (future nonvirile plural)
będziecie prowadzić (future nonvirile plural)
będzie prowadził (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie prowadzić (future masculine singular third-person)
będzie prowadziła (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie prowadzić (feminine future singular third-person)
będzie prowadziło (future neuter singular third-person)
będzie prowadzić (future neuter singular third-person)
będą prowadzili (future plural third-person virile)
będą prowadzić (future plural third-person virile)
będą prowadziły (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będą prowadzić (future nonvirile plural third-person)
będzie prowadzić się (future impersonal)
prowadziłbym (conditional masculine singular)
bym prowadził (conditional masculine singular)
prowadziłabym (conditional feminine singular)
bym prowadziła (conditional feminine singular)
prowadziłobym (conditional neuter singular)
bym prowadziło (conditional neuter singular)
prowadzilibyśmy (conditional plural virile)
byśmy prowadzili (conditional plural virile)
prowadziłybyśmy (conditional nonvirile plural)
byśmy prowadziły (conditional nonvirile plural)
prowadziłbyś (conditional masculine singular)
byś prowadził (conditional masculine singular)
prowadziłabyś (conditional feminine singular)
byś prowadziła (conditional feminine singular)
prowadziłobyś (conditional neuter singular)
byś prowadziło (conditional neuter singular)
prowadzilibyście (conditional plural virile)
byście prowadzili (conditional plural virile)
prowadziłybyście (conditional nonvirile plural)
byście prowadziły (conditional nonvirile plural)
prowadziłby (conditional masculine singular third-person)
by prowadził (conditional masculine singular third-person)
prowadziłaby (conditional feminine singular third-person)
by prowadziła (conditional feminine singular third-person)
prowadziłoby (conditional neuter singular third-person)
by prowadziło (conditional neuter singular third-person)
prowadziliby (conditional plural third-person virile)
by prowadzili (conditional plural third-person virile)
prowadziłyby (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
by prowadziły (conditional nonvirile plural third-person)
prowadzono by (conditional impersonal)
niech prowadzę (imperative singular)
prowadźmy (imperative plural)
prowadź (imperative singular)
prowadźcie (imperative plural)
niech prowadzi (imperative singular third-person)
niech prowadzą (imperative plural third-person)
prowadzący (active adjectival masculine participle singular)
prowadząca (active adjectival feminine participle singular)
prowadzące (active adjectival neuter participle singular)
prowadzący (active adjectival participle plural virile)
prowadzące (active adjectival nonvirile participle plural)
prowadzony (adjectival masculine participle passive singular)
prowadzona (adjectival feminine participle passive singular)
prowadzone (adjectival neuter participle passive singular)
prowadzeni (adjectival participle passive plural virile)
prowadzone (adjectival nonvirile participle passive plural)
prowadząc (adjectival contemporary participle)
prowadzenie (noun-from-verb)

→ Kashubian: prowadzëc

→ Slovincian: prôwadzëc

(transitive, film, literature) to direct (to give a specific course to the plot of a literary or film work)


spiker

pl-noun

spiker m pers (female equivalent spikerka)

spikerka (feminine)
spiker (nominative singular)
spikerzy (nominative plural)
spikery (derogatory nominative plural)
spikera (genitive singular)
spikerów (genitive plural)
spikerowi (dative singular)
spikerom (dative plural)
spikera (accusative singular)
spikerów (accusative plural)
spikerem (instrumental singular)
spikerami (instrumental plural)
spikerze (locative singular)
spikerach (locative plural)
spikerze (singular vocative)
spikerzy (plural vocative)

(television, radio) announcer, newsreader


punkt

punkt m inan (diminutive punkcik, abbreviation p. or pkt)

punkcik (diminutive)
p. (abbreviation)
pkt (abbreviation)
punkt (nominative singular)
punkty (nominative plural)
punktu (genitive singular)
punktów (genitive plural)
punktowi (dative singular)
punktom (dative plural)
punkt (accusative singular)
punkty (accusative plural)
punktem (instrumental singular)
punktami (instrumental plural)
punkcie (locative singular)
punktach (locative plural)
punkcie (singular vocative)
punkty (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin pūnctum. First attested in 1566. Doublet of puenta.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “punkt”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “punkt I”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)

punkt widzenia zależy od punktu siedzenia

(board games, sports, video games) point (unit of scoring in a game or competition)


Disneyland

Disneyland (nominative singular)
Disneylandy (nominative plural)
Disneylandu (genitive singular)
Disneylandów (genitive plural)
Disneylandowi (dative singular)
Disneylandom (dative plural)
Disneyland (accusative singular)
Disneylandy (accusative plural)
Disneylandem (instrumental singular)
Disneylandami (instrumental plural)
Disneylandzie (locative singular)
Disneylandach (locative plural)
Disneylandzie (singular vocative)
Disneylandy (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Disneyland.

ubor

Disneyland (archetypical theme park, located in Anaheim, California; other Disneyland theme parks exist in other cities such as Chessy (Seine-et-Marne, France), Tokyo, Shanghai, and Hong Kong)


bibliofilia

bibliofilia (nominative singular)
bibliofilii (genitive singular)
bibliofilii (dative singular)
bibliofilię (accusative singular)
bibliofilią (instrumental singular)
bibliofilii (locative singular)
bibliofilio (singular vocative)

From biblio- + -filia. First attested in 1841.


Septuaginta

Septuaginta (nominative singular)
Septuaginty (genitive singular)
Septuagincie (dative singular)
Septuagintę (accusative singular)
Septuagintą (instrumental singular)
Septuagincie (locative singular)
Septuaginto (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin Septuāgintā.


akcja

akcyjny (adjective)
akcja (nominative singular)
akcje (nominative plural)
akcji (genitive singular)
akcji (genitive plural)
akcyj (archaic genitive plural)
akcji (dative singular)
akcjom (dative plural)
akcję (accusative singular)
akcje (accusative plural)
akcją (instrumental singular)
akcjami (instrumental plural)
akcji (locative singular)
akcjach (locative plural)
akcjo (singular vocative)
akcje (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: akcjô

Learned borrowing from Latin āctiō (“act of doing or making”). Sense 1 and sense 6 are semantic loans from German Aktion or French action. First attested in 1553.

sl

akcja sceniczna

akcja dramatyczna

gra akcji

akcja sztuki

film akcji

akcja filmu

(film, literature, theater, video games) action (fast-paced activity especially in literature, play acting, or film)


encyklopedia

pl-noun

encyklopedia f (related adjective encyklopedyczny)

encyklopedyczny (adjective)
encyklopedia (nominative singular)
encyklopedie (nominative plural)
encyklopedii (genitive singular)
encyklopedii (genitive plural)
encyklopedyj (archaic genitive plural)
encyklopedii (dative singular)
encyklopediom (dative plural)
encyklopedię (accusative singular)
encyklopedie (accusative plural)
encyklopedią (instrumental singular)
encyklopediami (instrumental plural)
encyklopedii (locative singular)
encyklopediach (locative plural)
encyklopedio (singular vocative)
encyklopedie (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English encyclopedia, French encyclopédie, German Enzyklopädie, ultimately from New Latin encyclopaedīa, from Ancient Greek ἐγκύκλιος παιδείᾱ (enkúklios paideíā).

der

ἐγκύκλιος παιδείᾱ

encyclopedia (comprehensive reference with articles on a range of topic)

encyclopedia (collection of information from a particular discipline of science or from different fields)


bohater

pl-noun

bohater m pers (female equivalent bohaterka)

bohaterka (feminine)
bohater (nominative singular)
bohaterowie (nominative plural)
bohaterzy (nominative plural)
bohatera (genitive singular)
bohaterów (genitive plural)
bohaterowi (dative singular)
bohaterom (dative plural)
bohatera (accusative singular)
bohaterów (accusative plural)
bohaterem (instrumental singular)
bohaterami (instrumental plural)
bohaterze (locative singular)
bohaterach (locative plural)
bohaterze (singular vocative)
bohaterowie (plural vocative)
bohaterzy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic богатꙑрь (bogatyrĭ), from a Turkic language. First attested in 1606. Doublet of bogatyr. Compare Kyrgyz баатыр (baatır), Mongolian баатар (baatar) and Persian بهادر (bahâdor).

główny bohater

tytułowy bohater

filmowy bohater

bohater literacki

pierwszoplanowy bohater

telewizyjny bohater

bohater baśni

bohater dramatu

bohater powieści

bohater utworu

bohater filmu

bohater książki

bohater epopei/eposu

bohater serialu

dzieje bohatera

losy bohatera

przygody bohatera

śledzić losy bohaterów

(film, literature, narratology) character, protagonist


typ

typ (nominative singular)
typy (nominative plural)
typu (genitive singular)
typów (genitive plural)
typowi (dative singular)
typom (dative plural)
typ (accusative singular)
typy (accusative plural)
typem (instrumental singular)
typami (instrumental plural)
typie (locative singular)
typach (locative plural)
typie (singular vocative)
typy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French type. First attested in 1688.

ref

Aleksandra Wieczorek (20.04.2021) “TYP”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]

(countable, film, literature) archetype (character presented as devoid of individual features and having only schematic features)


synchron

synchron (nominative singular)
synchrony (nominative plural)
synchronu (genitive singular)
synchronów (genitive plural)
synchronowi (dative singular)
synchronom (dative plural)
synchron (accusative singular)
synchrony (accusative plural)
synchronem (instrumental singular)
synchronami (instrumental plural)
synchronie (locative singular)
synchronach (locative plural)
synchronie (singular vocative)
synchrony (plural vocative)

(film, music) synchronization (act of recording sound on one medium)


inkunabuł

inkunabuł (nominative singular)
inkunabuły (nominative plural)
inkunabułu (genitive singular)
inkunabułów (genitive plural)
inkunabułowi (dative singular)
inkunabułom (dative plural)
inkunabuł (accusative singular)
inkunabuły (accusative plural)
inkunabułem (instrumental singular)
inkunabułami (instrumental plural)
inkunabule (locative singular)
inkunabułach (locative plural)
inkunabule (singular vocative)
inkunabuły (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin incūnābula.

(historical, printing) incunabulum, palaeotype (book, single sheet, or image that was printed before the year 1501 in Europe)


antagonista

pl-noun

antagonista m pers (female equivalent antagonistka)

antagonistka (feminine)
antagonista (nominative singular)
antagoniści (nominative plural)
antagonisty (derogatory nominative plural)
antagonisty (genitive singular)
antagonistów (genitive plural)
antagoniście (dative singular)
antagonistom (dative plural)
antagonistę (accusative singular)
antagonistów (accusative plural)
antagonistą (instrumental singular)
antagonistami (instrumental plural)
antagoniście (locative singular)
antagonistach (locative plural)
antagonisto (singular vocative)
antagoniści (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French antagoniste, from Latin antagōnista, from Ancient Greek ἀνταγωνιστής (antagōnistḗs).

der

ἀνταγωνιστής

(film, literature, theater) antagonist (main opponent)


filmologia

filmologia (nominative singular)
filmologii (genitive singular)
filmologii (dative singular)
filmologię (accusative singular)
filmologią (instrumental singular)
filmologii (locative singular)
filmologio (singular vocative)


życie

życie (nominative singular)
życia (nominative plural)
życia (genitive singular)
żyć (genitive plural)
życiu (dative singular)
życiom (dative plural)
życie (accusative singular)
życia (accusative plural)
życiem (instrumental singular)
życiami (instrumental plural)
życiu (locative singular)
życiach (locative plural)
życie (singular vocative)
życia (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish życie. By surface analysis, żyć + -cie.

(countable, video games) life (chance to play that is lost when a mistake is made)


filmografia

pl-noun

filmografia f (related adjective filmograficzny)

filmograficzny (adjective)
filmografia (nominative singular)
filmografie (nominative plural)
filmografii (genitive singular)
filmografii (genitive plural)
filmografij (archaic genitive plural)
filmografii (dative singular)
filmografiom (dative plural)
filmografię (accusative singular)
filmografie (accusative plural)
filmografią (instrumental singular)
filmografiami (instrumental plural)
filmografii (locative singular)
filmografiach (locative plural)
filmografio (singular vocative)
filmografie (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English filmography, French filmographie, German Filmografie.

filmography (selective list of movie titles that share a similar characteristic such as the same genre, the same director, the same actor, etc.)


miniatura

miniatura f (diminutive miniaturka, related adjective miniaturowy)

miniaturka (diminutive)
miniaturowy (adjective)
miniatura (nominative singular)
miniatury (nominative plural)
miniatury (genitive singular)
miniatur (genitive plural)
miniaturze (dative singular)
miniaturom (dative plural)
miniaturę (accusative singular)
miniatury (accusative plural)
miniaturą (instrumental singular)
miniaturami (instrumental plural)
miniaturze (locative singular)
miniaturach (locative plural)
miniaturo (singular vocative)
miniatury (plural vocative)

(film, literature, music, theater) miniature (composition which is short in duration)


Bóg

Bóg (nominative singular)
Boga (genitive singular)
Bogu (dative singular)
Boga (accusative singular)
Bogiem (instrumental singular)
Bogu (locative singular)
Boże (singular vocative)

From bóg. Calque of Latin Deus. Compare English God.

jak Pan Bóg chce ukarać, to rozum odbiera


anioł

anioł m animal or m pers (female equivalent anielica, diminutive aniołek, related adjective aniołowy or anielski)

anioł m animal or (canonical masculine person)
anielica (feminine)
aniołek (diminutive)
aniołowy (adjective)
anielski (adjective)
anioł (nominative singular)
anioły (nominative plural)
aniołowie (nominative plural)
anieli (nominative plural)
anioła (genitive singular)
aniołów (genitive plural)
aniołowi (dative singular)
aniołom (dative plural)
anioła (accusative singular)
anioły (accusative plural)
aniołów (accusative plural)
aniołem (instrumental singular)
aniołami (instrumental plural)
aniele (locative singular)
aniołach (locative plural)
aniele (singular vocative)
anioły (plural vocative)
aniołowie (plural vocative)
anieli (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: анёл (anjól)

→ Kashubian: aniół

(biblical, Christianity, Islam, Judaism) angel (incorporeal and sometimes divine messenger from a deity, or other divine entity, often depicted in art as a youthful winged figure in flowing robes)


gazeta

gazeta f (diminutive gazetka, augmentative gazecidło or gazecisko, related adjective gazetowy)

gazetka (diminutive)
gazecidło (augmentative)
gazecisko (augmentative)
gazetowy (adjective)
gazeta (nominative singular)
gazety (nominative plural)
gazety (genitive singular)
gazet (genitive plural)
gazecie (dative singular)
gazetom (dative plural)
gazetę (accusative singular)
gazety (accusative plural)
gazetą (instrumental singular)
gazetami (instrumental plural)
gazecie (locative singular)
gazetach (locative plural)
gazeto (singular vocative)
gazety (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: gazéta

Borrowed from French gazette. First attested in 1656–1688. Compare Silesian gazyta.

ref

“GAZETA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 12.04.2023

(publishing) newspaper (publication, usually published daily or weekly and usually printed on cheap, low-quality paper, containing news and other articles)

newspaper (editing team of such a publication)

newspaper (building where such a publication is headquarted)

newspaper (those working for such a publication)

newspaper (single edition of such a publication)

(publishing) newspaper, newsprint (paper on which newspapers are printed)


gracz

pl-noun

gracz m pers (female equivalent graczka)

graczka (feminine)
gracz (nominative singular)
gracze (nominative plural)
gracza (genitive singular)
graczy (genitive plural)
graczowi (dative singular)
graczom (dative plural)
gracza (accusative singular)
graczy (accusative plural)
graczem (instrumental singular)
graczami (instrumental plural)
graczu (locative singular)
graczach (locative plural)
graczu (singular vocative)
gracze (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish igracz, from Proto-Slavic *jьgračь. By surface analysis, grać + -acz.

(gaming, video games) gamer (person who plays any video game)


sytuacja

sytuacja (nominative singular)
sytuacje (nominative plural)
sytuacji (genitive singular)
sytuacji (genitive plural)
sytuacyj (archaic genitive plural)
sytuacji (dative singular)
sytuacjom (dative plural)
sytuację (accusative singular)
sytuacje (accusative plural)
sytuacją (instrumental singular)
sytuacjami (instrumental plural)
sytuacji (locative singular)
sytuacjach (locative plural)
sytuacjo (singular vocative)
sytuacje (plural vocative)

Kashubian: sytuacjô

Borrowed from French situation. By surface analysis, sytuować + -cja. First attested in 1665–1683.

ref

Jan III Sobieski ((Can we date this quote?)) Listy do Marysieńki, (1665 - 1683) (in Polish), published 1962, page 578: “Przed wczorem widzieliśmy paszów dwóch, alepskiego i nikopolskiego, wychodzących z ludźmi swymi, których było pewnie do obrony najmniej cztery tysiące; zamku zaś sytuacja tak mocna, że to cud nad cudami, że się ci ludzie poddali.”

situation (combination of circumstances at a given moment) [with w (+ locative) ‘in what’]


jaskółka

jaskółeczka (diminutive)
jaskółka (nominative singular)
jaskółki (nominative plural)
jaskółki (genitive singular)
jaskółek (genitive plural)
jaskółce (dative singular)
jaskółkom (dative plural)
jaskółkę (accusative singular)
jaskółki (accusative plural)
jaskółką (instrumental singular)
jaskółkami (instrumental plural)
jaskółce (locative singular)
jaskółkach (locative plural)
jaskółko (singular vocative)
jaskółki (plural vocative)