KGB

KGB (canonical inanimate masculine)
KGB (canonical neuter)

(historical) KGB (the former Soviet State Security Committee)

KGB (the current Belarusian security service)


peso

Borrowed from Spanish peso, from Old Spanish peso, from Vulgar Latin *pēsum, from Latin pēnsum, from pendō.

peso (designation for specific currency)


euro

Internationalism; compare English euro, French euro, German Euro.

euro (currency unit of the European Monetary Union; symbol: €)


Estonia

estoński (adjective)
Estonia (nominative singular)
Estonii (genitive singular)
Estonii (dative singular)
Estonię (accusative singular)
Estonią (instrumental singular)
Estonii (locative singular)
Estonio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin Estonia.


Austria

Austria (nominative singular)
Austrii (genitive singular)
Austrii (dative singular)
Austrię (accusative singular)
Austrią (instrumental singular)
Austrii (locative singular)
Austrio (singular vocative)


Albania

albański (adjective)
Albania (nominative singular)
Albanii (genitive singular)
Albanii (dative singular)
Albanię (accusative singular)
Albanią (instrumental singular)
Albanii (locative singular)
Albanio (singular vocative)

Derived from Byzantine Greek Ἀλβανία (Albanía).

der+

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Armenia

Armenia (nominative singular)
Armenie (nominative plural)
Armenii (genitive singular)
Armenii (genitive plural)
Armenij (archaic genitive plural)
Armenii (dative singular)
Armeniom (dative plural)
Armenię (accusative singular)
Armenie (accusative plural)
Armenią (instrumental singular)
Armeniami (instrumental plural)
Armenii (locative singular)
Armeniach (locative plural)
Armenio (singular vocative)
Armenie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /Armina/).

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


Angola

angolski (adjective)
Angola (nominative singular)
Angoli (genitive singular)
Angoli (dative singular)
Angolę (accusative singular)
Angolą (instrumental singular)
Angoli (locative singular)
Angolo (singular vocative)

From Portuguese (Reino de) Angola (“(kingdom of) Angola”).


Burundi

pl-proper noun

Burundi n (indeclinable, related adjective burundyjski)


Bhutan

pl-prop

Bhutan m inan (related adjective bhutański)

bhutański (adjective)
Bhutan (nominative singular)
Bhutanu (genitive singular)
Bhutanowi (dative singular)
Bhutan (accusative singular)
Bhutanem (instrumental singular)
Bhutanie (locative singular)
Bhutanie (singular vocative)

Bhutan (a country in South Asia, in the Himalayas)


Botswana

pl-proper noun

Botswana f (related adjective botswański)

botswański (adjective)
Botswana (nominative singular)
Botswany (genitive singular)
Botswanie (dative singular)
Botswanę (accusative singular)
Botswaną (instrumental singular)
Botswanie (locative singular)
Botswano (singular vocative)


Belize

pl-prop

Belize n (indeclinable, related adjective belizeński)


Chile

Chile n (indeclinable, related adjective chilijski)


Gabon

pl-proper noun

Gabon m inan (related adjective gaboński)

gaboński (adjective)
Gabon (nominative singular)
Gabonu (genitive singular)
Gabonowi (dative singular)
Gabon (accusative singular)
Gabonem (instrumental singular)
Gabonie (locative singular)
Gabonie (singular vocative)


Ghana

ghański (adjective)
Ghana (nominative singular)
Ghany (genitive singular)
Ghanie (dative singular)
Ghanę (accusative singular)
Ghaną (instrumental singular)
Ghanie (locative singular)
Ghano (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Ghana, from Soninke gajanŋa.


Gambia

gambijski (adjective)
Gambia (nominative singular)
Gambii (genitive singular)
Gambii (dative singular)
Gambię (accusative singular)
Gambią (instrumental singular)
Gambii (locative singular)
Gambio (singular vocative)


Honduras

Honduras m inan (related adjective honduraski)

honduraski (adjective)
Honduras (nominative singular)
Hondurasu (genitive singular)
Hondurasowi (dative singular)
Honduras (accusative singular)
Hondurasem (instrumental singular)
Hondurasie (locative singular)
Hondurasie (singular vocative)


Haiti

Haiti n (indeclinable, related adjective haitański)

Borrowed from French Haïti, from Taíno hayiti (“mountainous land”).


Iran

Iran (nominative singular)
Iranu (genitive singular)
Iranowi (dative singular)
Iran (accusative singular)
Iranem (instrumental singular)
Iranie (locative singular)
Iranie (singular vocative)

Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Kiribati

pl-prop

Kiribati n (indeclinable, related adjective kiribatyjski or kiribacki)

kiribatyjski (adjective)
kiribacki (adjective)

Unadapted borrowing from Gilbertese Kiribati.

ubor

Kiribati (A country consisting mostly of the Gilbert Islands archipelago, located in Micronesia in Oceania)


Laos

Laos (nominative singular)
Laosu (genitive singular)
Laosowi (dative singular)
Laos (accusative singular)
Laosem (instrumental singular)
Laosie (locative singular)
Laosie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French Laos, plural of Lao, from Lao ລາວ (lāo, “Lao”).


Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein (nominative singular)
Liechtensteinu (genitive singular)
Liechtensteinowi (dative singular)
Liechtenstein (accusative singular)
Liechtensteinem (instrumental singular)
Liechtensteinie (locative singular)
Liechtensteinie (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from German Liechtenstein.

Liechtenstein (a microstate in Central Europe)


Liberia

pl-proper noun

Liberia f (related adjective liberyjski)

liberyjski (adjective)
Liberia (nominative singular)
Liberii (genitive singular)
Liberii (dative singular)
Liberię (accusative singular)
Liberią (instrumental singular)
Liberii (locative singular)
Liberio (singular vocative)


Mali

Mali n (indeclinable, related adjective malijski)


Mongolia

Mongolia (nominative singular)
Mongolii (genitive singular)
Mongolii (dative singular)
Mongolię (accusative singular)
Mongolią (instrumental singular)
Mongolii (locative singular)
Mongolio (singular vocative)


Malta

maltański (adjective)
Malta (nominative singular)
Malty (genitive singular)
Malcie (dative singular)
Maltę (accusative singular)
Maltą (instrumental singular)
Malcie (locative singular)
Malto (singular vocative)

Malta (an island country in Southern Europe)

Malta (The largest island in the Maltese Archipelago)


Mauritius

Mauritius m inan (related adjective maurytyjski)

maurytyjski (adjective)
Mauritius (nominative singular)
Mauritiusu (genitive singular)
Mauritiusowi (dative singular)
Mauritius (accusative singular)
Mauritiusem (instrumental singular)
Mauritiusie (locative singular)
Mauritiusie (singular vocative)

Mauritius (A country in the Indian Ocean, east of East Africa and Madagascar)

Mauritius (The main island of the country of Mauritius)


Malawi

Malawi n (indeclinable, related adjective malawijski)

Borrowed from English Malawi, from Chichewa malawi.


Namibia

Namibia f (related adjective namibijski)

namibijski (adjective)
Namibia (nominative singular)
Namibii (genitive singular)
Namibii (dative singular)
Namibię (accusative singular)
Namibią (instrumental singular)
Namibii (locative singular)
Namibio (singular vocative)


Niger

Niger m inan (related adjective nigerski)

nigerski (adjective)
Niger (nominative singular)
Nigru (genitive singular)
Nigrowi (dative singular)
Niger (accusative singular)
Nigrem (instrumental singular)
Nigrze (locative singular)
Nigrze (singular vocative)

Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)

Niger (a major river in West Africa, that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria)


Nigeria

Nigeria f (related adjective nigeryjski)

nigeryjski (adjective)
Nigeria (nominative singular)
Nigerii (genitive singular)
Nigerii (dative singular)
Nigerię (accusative singular)
Nigerią (instrumental singular)
Nigerii (locative singular)
Nigerio (singular vocative)

Nigeria (a country in West Africa, south of the country of Niger)


Nepal

Nepal (nominative singular)
Nepalu (genitive singular)
Nepalowi (dative singular)
Nepal (accusative singular)
Nepalem (instrumental singular)
Nepalu (locative singular)
Nepalu (singular vocative)

Nepal (a country in South Asia, located between China and India)


Nauru

pl-prop

Nauru n (indeclinable, related adjective nauruański or naurański)

nauruański (adjective)
naurański (adjective)

Nauru (a country and island in Oceania, in the Pacific Ocean)


Oman

omański (adjective)
Oman (nominative singular)
Omanu (genitive singular)
Omanowi (dative singular)
Oman (accusative singular)
Omanem (instrumental singular)
Omanie (locative singular)
Omanie (singular vocative)

Oman (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Panama

panamski (adjective)
Panama (nominative singular)
Panamy (genitive singular)
Panamie (dative singular)
Panamę (accusative singular)
Panamą (instrumental singular)
Panamie (locative singular)
Panamo (singular vocative)


Peru

Peru n (indeclinable, related adjective peruwiański)


Pakistan

Pakistan (nominative singular)
Pakistanu (genitive singular)
Pakistanowi (dative singular)
Pakistan (accusative singular)
Pakistanem (instrumental singular)
Pakistanie (locative singular)
Pakistanie (singular vocative)


Rwanda

rwandyjski (adjective)
Rwanda (nominative singular)
Rwandy (genitive singular)
Rwandzie (dative singular)
Rwandę (accusative singular)
Rwandą (instrumental singular)
Rwandzie (locative singular)
Rwando (singular vocative)


Sudan

Sudan m inan (related adjective sudański)

sudański (adjective)
Sudan (nominative singular)
Sudanu (genitive singular)
Sudanowi (dative singular)
Sudan (accusative singular)
Sudanem (instrumental singular)
Sudanie (locative singular)
Sudanie (singular vocative)

Sudan (a country in North Africa and East Africa)


San Marino

Borrowed from Italian San Marino (“Saint Marinus”).

bor+

San Marino (a landlocked microstate in Southern Europe, located within the borders of Italy)

San Marino (the capital city of San Marino)


Senegal

pl-proper noun

Senegal m inan (related adjective senegalski)

senegalski (adjective)
Senegal (nominative singular)
Senegalu (genitive singular)
Senegalowi (dative singular)
Senegal (accusative singular)
Senegalem (instrumental singular)
Senegalu (locative singular)
Senegalu (singular vocative)

Senegal (a river on the border between Senegal and Mauritania in West Africa)


Syria

Syria (nominative singular)
Syrii (genitive singular)
Syrii (dative singular)
Syrię (accusative singular)
Syrią (instrumental singular)
Syrii (locative singular)
Syrio (singular vocative)

Syria (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)


Togo

Togo n (indeclinable, related adjective togijski)


Tonga

pl-prop

Tonga n (indeclinable, related adjective tongijski)

Tonga (a country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania)


Tanzania

pl-proper noun

Tanzania f (related adjective tanzański)

tanzański (adjective)
Tanzania (nominative singular)
Tanzanii (genitive singular)
Tanzanii (dative singular)
Tanzanię (accusative singular)
Tanzanią (instrumental singular)
Tanzanii (locative singular)
Tanzanio (singular vocative)


Uganda

ugandyjski (adjective)
Uganda (nominative singular)
Ugandy (genitive singular)
Ugandzie (dative singular)
Ugandę (accusative singular)
Ugandą (instrumental singular)
Ugandzie (locative singular)
Ugando (singular vocative)

From Swahili Uganda (“Buganda, subnational kingdom”), from Luganda Buganda (“land of the Ganda”).


Zambia

zambijski (adjective)
Zambia (nominative singular)
Zambii (genitive singular)
Zambii (dative singular)
Zambię (accusative singular)
Zambią (instrumental singular)
Zambii (locative singular)
Zambio (singular vocative)


Zimbabwe

pl-proper noun

Zimbabwe n (indeclinable, related adjective zimbabwejski or zimbabweński)

zimbabwejski (adjective)
zimbabweński (adjective)

Orthographic borrowing from English Zimbabwe, from Shona dzimba-dze-mabwe (“house of stones”), in reference to Great Zimbabwe.


Australia

pl-prop

Australia f (related adjective australijski)

australijski (adjective)
Australia (nominative singular)
Australii (genitive singular)
Australii (dative singular)
Australię (accusative singular)
Australią (instrumental singular)
Australii (locative singular)
Australio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Australia, from Latin terra austrālis incōgnita.

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Barbados

pl-proper noun

Barbados m inan (related adjective barbadoski)

barbadoski (adjective)
Barbados (nominative singular)
Barbadosu (genitive singular)
Barbadosowi (dative singular)
Barbados (accusative singular)
Barbadosem (instrumental singular)
Barbadosie (locative singular)
Barbadosie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Barbados, from Portuguese barbados (“bearded ones”).

Barbados (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso f (related adjective burkiński)

burkiński (adjective)
Burkina Faso (nominative singular)
Burkiny Faso (genitive singular)
Burkinie Faso (dative singular)
Burkinę Faso (accusative singular)
Burkiną Faso (instrumental singular)
Burkinie Faso (locative singular)
Burkino Faso (singular vocative)

From Moore burkĩna (“honest”) + Dyula faso (“father's house”), coined by Thomas Sankara.

Burkina Faso (a country in West Africa, formerly Upper Volta)


Benin

Benin m inan (related adjective beniński)

beniński (adjective)
Benin (nominative singular)
Beninu (genitive singular)
Beninowi (dative singular)
Benin (accusative singular)
Beninem (instrumental singular)
Beninie (locative singular)
Beninie (singular vocative)

Benin (a country in West Africa, formerly Dahomey)


Vanuatu

pl-prop

Vanuatu n (indeclinable, related adjective vanuacki)

Unadapted borrowing from Bislama Vanuatu.

ubor

Vanuatu (a country and archipelago in Melanesia in Oceania)


Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan (nominative singular)
Uzbekistanu (genitive singular)
Uzbekistanowi (dative singular)
Uzbekistan (accusative singular)
Uzbekistanem (instrumental singular)
Uzbekistanie (locative singular)
Uzbekistanie (singular vocative)


Tuvalu

pl-prop

Tuvalu n (indeclinable, related adjective tuwalski)

Unadapted borrowing from Tuvaluan Tuuvalu.

ubor

Tuvalu (a country and archipelago in Polynesia in Oceania)


Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan (nominative singular)
Turkmenistanu (genitive singular)
Turkmenistanowi (dative singular)
Turkmenistan (accusative singular)
Turkmenistanem (instrumental singular)
Turkmenistanie (locative singular)
Turkmenistanie (singular vocative)

Turkmenistan (a country in Central Asia)


Somalia

pl-proper noun

Somalia f (related adjective somalijski)

somalijski (adjective)
Somalia (nominative singular)
Somalii (genitive singular)
Somalii (dative singular)
Somalię (accusative singular)
Somalią (instrumental singular)
Somalii (locative singular)
Somalio (singular vocative)

Somalia (a country in East Africa, in the Horn of Africa)


Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone n (indeclinable, related adjective sierraleoński)

Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone#English:_Q1044


Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka (nominative singular)
Sri Lanki (genitive singular)
Sri Lance (dative singular)
Sri Lankę (accusative singular)
Sri Lanką (instrumental singular)
Sri Lance (locative singular)
Sri Lanko (singular vocative)

Sri Lanka (an island and country in South Asia, off the coast of India)


Palau

pl-prop

Palau n (indeclinable, related adjective palauski)

Borrowed from English Palau, from Palauan Belau (“Palau”).

Palau (A country consisting of around 340 islands in Micronesia, in Oceania)


Niue

Niue n (indeclinable, related adjective niueński)

Niue (an island and country in Polynesia in Oceania, a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand)


Georgia

Georgia (nominative singular)
Georgii (genitive singular)
Georgii (dative singular)
Georgię (accusative singular)
Georgią (instrumental singular)
Georgii (locative singular)
Georgio (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Georgia.

ubor

Georgia (a state in the Southern United States)


Saint Lucia

Borrowed from English Saint Lucia, from Latin sancta (“saint”) Lucia (“Lucy”) (landed on by French sailors on St. Lucy's Day, 13 December 1502).

Saint Lucia (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Samoa

pl-prop

Samoa n (indeclinable, related adjective samoański)

Samoa (A country consisting of the western part of the Samoan archipelago in Polynesia, in Oceania)


Guam

Guam (nominative singular)
Guamu (genitive singular)
Guamowi (dative singular)
Guam (accusative singular)
Guamem (instrumental singular)
Guamie (locative singular)
Guamie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Guam, from Chamorro Guåhan.

Guam (an island and overseas territory of the United States in Micronesia)


Grenada

pl-proper noun

Grenada f (related adjective grenadyjski)

grenadyjski (adjective)
Grenada (nominative singular)
Grenady (nominative plural)
Grenady (genitive singular)
Grenad (genitive plural)
Grenadzie (dative singular)
Grenadom (dative plural)
Grenadę (accusative singular)
Grenady (accusative plural)
Grenadą (instrumental singular)
Grenadami (instrumental plural)
Grenadzie (locative singular)
Grenadach (locative plural)
Grenado (singular vocative)
Grenady (plural vocative)

Grenada (an island and country in the Caribbean)


Macedonia

pl-prop

Macedonia f (related adjective macedoński)

macedoński (adjective)
Macedonia (nominative singular)
Macedonii (genitive singular)
Macedonii (dative singular)
Macedonię (accusative singular)
Macedonią (instrumental singular)
Macedonii (locative singular)
Macedonio (singular vocative)

Macedonia (a region in Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, North Macedonia and Serbia)

Macedonia (former name of North Macedonia, a country in the Balkans in Southeast Europe)


Czech

pl-noun

Czech m pers (female equivalent Czeszka)

Czeszka (feminine)
Czech (nominative singular)
Czesi (nominative plural)
Czechy (derogatory nominative plural)
Czecha (genitive singular)
Czechów (genitive plural)
Czechowi (dative singular)
Czechom (dative plural)
Czecha (accusative singular)
Czechów (accusative plural)
Czechem (instrumental singular)
Czechami (instrumental plural)
Czechu (locative singular)
Czechach (locative plural)
Czechu (singular vocative)
Czesi (plural vocative)


Quebec

Quebec (nominative singular)
Quebecu (genitive singular)
Quebecowi (dative singular)
Quebec (accusative singular)
Quebekiem (instrumental singular)
Quebecu (locative singular)
Quebecu (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Quebec, from French Québec, from Algonquin kepék.

Quebec, Quebec City (the capital city of the province of Quebec, Canada)


Montreal

Montreal (nominative singular)
Montrealu (genitive singular)
Montrealowi (dative singular)
Montreal (accusative singular)
Montrealem (instrumental singular)
Montrealu (locative singular)
Montrealu (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Montreal, from French Montréal, from Mont Royal (“Mount Royal”), after the nearby mountain by Jacques Cartier.

Montreal (the largest city in Quebec, Canada)


Korea

Korea (nominative singular)
Koree (nominative plural)
Korei (genitive singular)
Korei (genitive plural)
Korei (dative singular)
Koreom (dative plural)
Koreę (accusative singular)
Koree (accusative plural)
Koreą (instrumental singular)
Koreami (instrumental plural)
Korei (locative singular)
Koreach (locative plural)
Koreo (singular vocative)
Koree (plural vocative)

(informal) Korea (two countries in East Asia, North Korea and South Korea)


car

car (nominative singular)
carowie (nominative plural)
cary (derogatory nominative plural)
cara (genitive singular)
carów (genitive plural)
carowi (dative singular)
carom (dative plural)
cara (accusative singular)
carów (accusative plural)
carem (instrumental singular)
carami (instrumental plural)
carze (locative singular)
carach (locative plural)
carze (singular vocative)
carowie (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian царь (carʹ). Doublet of cesarz, cezar, and kajzer.

(historical) czar, tsar, tzar (title of the former emperors of Russia)


minister

minister m pers (female equivalent minister or ministerka, abbreviation min.)

minister (feminine)
ministerka (feminine)
min. (abbreviation)
minister (nominative singular)
ministrowie (nominative plural)
ministry (derogatory nominative plural)
ministra (genitive singular)
ministrów (genitive plural)
ministrowi (dative singular)
ministrom (dative plural)
ministra (accusative singular)
ministrów (accusative plural)
ministrem (instrumental singular)
ministrami (instrumental plural)
ministrze (locative singular)
ministrach (locative plural)
ministrze (singular vocative)
ministrowie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish minister. Sense 1 is a semantic loan from French ministre.

sl

(government) high-ranking official in the Chancellery of the President of the Republic of Poland


guacamole

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish guacamole.

ubor

guacamole (avocado-based greenish dip with onions, tomato, and spices, common to Mexican cuisine and often served with tortilla chips)


tortilla

tortilla (nominative singular)
tortille (nominative plural)
tortilli (genitive singular)
tortilli (genitive plural)
tortill (genitive plural)
tortilli (dative singular)
tortillom (dative plural)
tortillę (accusative singular)
tortille (accusative plural)
tortillą (instrumental singular)
tortillami (instrumental plural)
tortilli (locative singular)
tortillach (locative plural)
tortillo (singular vocative)
tortille (plural vocative)

tortilla (flat round bread made out of cornmeal or flour)

tortilla, Spanish omelette (molded omelette made with the addition of fried potatoes and often onions)


Tasmania

Tasmania (nominative singular)
Tasmanii (genitive singular)
Tasmanii (dative singular)
Tasmanię (accusative singular)
Tasmanią (instrumental singular)
Tasmanii (locative singular)
Tasmanio (singular vocative)

Tasmania (a state and island in Australia)


ban

ban (nominative singular)
banowie (nominative plural)
bana (genitive singular)
banów (genitive plural)
banowi (dative singular)
banom (dative plural)
bana (accusative singular)
banów (accusative plural)
banem (instrumental singular)
banami (instrumental plural)
banie (locative singular)
banach (locative plural)
banie (singular vocative)
banowie (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian ban, from Late Proto-Slavic *banъ, from Turkic.

ban (title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century)


bat

bat (nominative singular)
baty (nominative plural)
bata (genitive singular)
batów (genitive plural)
batowi (dative singular)
batom (dative plural)
bata (accusative singular)
baty (accusative plural)
batem (instrumental singular)
batami (instrumental plural)
bacie (locative singular)
batach (locative plural)
bacie (singular vocative)
baty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Thai บาท (bàat), from Sanskrit पाद (pāda).


Rio de Janeiro

Unadapted borrowing from Portuguese Rio de Janeiro.

Rio de Janeiro (a municipality, the state capital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; former capital of Brazil)

Southeast Region
Southeast Region#English

Rio de Janeiro (a state of the Southeast Region, Brazil)


São Paulo

Unadapted borrowing from Portuguese São Paulo, named after Christian apostle Saint Paul.

named-after

São Paulo (a municipality, the state capital of São Paulo, Brazil)

São Paulo (a state of the Southeast Region, Brazil)


pizza

pizza (nominative singular)
pizze (nominative plural)
pizzy (genitive singular)
pizz (genitive plural)
pizzy (dative singular)
pizzom (dative plural)
pizzę (accusative singular)
pizze (accusative plural)
pizzą (instrumental singular)
pizzami (instrumental plural)
pizzy (locative singular)
pizzach (locative plural)
pizzo (singular vocative)
pizze (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Italian pizza. Doublet of pita.

pizza (baked Italian dish of a thinly rolled bread crust typically topped before baking with tomato sauce, cheese, and other ingredients such as meat or vegetables)


Ontario

Borrowed from English Ontario, probably from Wyandot ontari꞉io.

Ontario (a province in eastern Canada; capital: Toronto)


góra

pl-noun

góra f (diminutive górka, abbreviation g.)

górka (diminutive)
g. (abbreviation)
góra (nominative singular)
góry (nominative plural)
góry (genitive singular)
gór (genitive plural)
górze (dative singular)
górom (dative plural)
górę (accusative singular)
góry (accusative plural)
górą (instrumental singular)
górami (instrumental plural)
górze (locative singular)
górach (locative plural)
góro (singular vocative)
góry (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish góra. Sense 5 is preserved in terms such as górnik and was displaced by kopalnia. Doublet of hore.

góra z górą się nie zejdzie, a człowiek z człowiekiem zawsze

góra z górą się nie zejdzie, ale człowiek

nie przyszła góra do Mahometa, przyszedł Mahomet do góry

Nie pomogę wam w tym projekcie, dopóki góra go nie przyklepie.

I won't help you with this project until the higher-ups sign off on it.

(uncountable) top (higher part of some object; upmost part of something)


Canberra

Canberra (nominative singular)
Canberry (genitive singular)
Canberrze (dative singular)
Canberrę (accusative singular)
Canberrą (instrumental singular)
Canberrze (locative singular)
Canberro (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Canberra, from Ngunawal kamberra.

ubor

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory#English

Canberra (the capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory)


Sydney

Unadapted borrowing from English Sydney.

Sydney (a major port city, the state capital of New South Wales, Australia)

Sydney (a seaport and former city in Nova Scotia, Canada)


Melbourne

Melbourne (the capital city of Victoria, Australia)


Ottawa

ottawski (adjective)
Ottawa (nominative singular)
Ottawy (genitive singular)
Ottawie (dative singular)
Ottawę (accusative singular)
Ottawą (instrumental singular)
Ottawie (locative singular)
Ottawo (singular vocative)


tundra

tundrowy (adjective)
tundra (nominative singular)
tundry (nominative plural)
tundry (genitive singular)
tundr (genitive plural)
tundrze (dative singular)
tundrom (dative plural)
tundrę (accusative singular)
tundry (accusative plural)
tundrą (instrumental singular)
tundrami (instrumental plural)
tundrze (locative singular)
tundrach (locative plural)
tundro (singular vocative)
tundry (plural vocative)


won

won (nominative singular)
wony (nominative plural)
wona (genitive singular)
wonów (genitive plural)
wonowi (dative singular)
wonom (dative plural)
wona (accusative singular)
wony (accusative plural)
wonem (instrumental singular)
wonami (instrumental plural)
wonie (locative singular)
wonach (locative plural)
wonie (singular vocative)
wony (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Korean 원 (won), from Chinese 圓 /圆 (yuán).


USA

Orthographic borrowing from English USA.


klub

pl-noun

klub m inan (diminutive klubik, related adjective klubowy)

klubik (diminutive)
klubowy (adjective)
klub (nominative singular)
kluby (nominative plural)
klubu (genitive singular)
klubów (genitive plural)
klubowi (dative singular)
klubom (dative plural)
klub (accusative singular)
kluby (accusative plural)
klubem (instrumental singular)
klubami (instrumental plural)
klubie (locative singular)
klubach (locative plural)
klubie (singular vocative)
kluby (plural vocative)

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Klub or French club, ultimately from English club.
First attested in the 18th century. Compare Silesian klub.

ref

Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “klub”, in Słownik języka polskiego

Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “klub”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego

(politics) club (fraction of parliamentarians of the Polish parliament)


earl

earl (nominative singular)
earlowie (nominative plural)
earla (genitive singular)
earlów (genitive plural)
earlowi (dative singular)
earlom (dative plural)
earla (accusative singular)
earlów (accusative plural)
earlem (instrumental singular)
earlami (instrumental plural)
earlu (locative singular)
earlach (locative plural)
earlu (singular vocative)
earlowie (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English earl, from Middle English erle, erl, from Old English eorl, from Proto-Germanic *erlaz, from *erōną, *arōną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-.


bushido

Transliteration from Japanese 武(ぶ)士(し)道(どう) (bushidō).


katana

katanka (diminutive)
katana (nominative singular)
katany (nominative plural)
katany (genitive singular)
katan (genitive plural)
katanie (dative singular)
katanom (dative plural)
katanę (accusative singular)
katany (accusative plural)
kataną (instrumental singular)
katanami (instrumental plural)
katanie (locative singular)
katanach (locative plural)
katano (singular vocative)
katany (plural vocative)

(ethnography) twin caftan worn in some regional Polish folk costumes for women


anime

Borrowed from Japanese アニメ. First attested in 1997.

Coordinate term: manga

(animation) anime (animated work that originated in Japan, regardless of the artistic style)


anime

pl-adj

anime (not comparable, no derived adverb)

(animation, postpositive, relational) anime (animated work that originated in Japan, regardless of the artistic style)


dojo

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 道場, from Middle Chinese 道場, a calque of Sanskrit बोधिमण्ड (bodhimaṇḍa). Doublet of tapczan.

dojo (place where martial arts are practiced)


agora

agora (nominative singular)
agory (nominative plural)
agory (genitive singular)
agor (genitive plural)
agorze (dative singular)
agorom (dative plural)
agorę (accusative singular)
agory (accusative plural)
agorą (instrumental singular)
agorami (instrumental plural)
agorze (locative singular)
agorach (locative plural)
agoro (singular vocative)
agory (plural vocative)


Amsterdam

pl-prop

Amsterdam m inan (related adjective amsterdamski)

amsterdamski (adjective)
Amsterdam (nominative singular)
Amsterdamu (genitive singular)
Amsterdamowi (dative singular)
Amsterdam (accusative singular)
Amsterdamem (instrumental singular)
Amsterdamie (locative singular)
Amsterdamie (singular vocative)

Amsterdam (the capital and largest city of the Netherlands)


polski

pl-adj

polski (not generally comparable, comparative bardziej polski, superlative najbardziej polski, derived adverb polsko)

bardziej polski (comparative)
najbardziej polski (superlative)
polski (masculine nominative singular)
polska (feminine nominative singular)
polskie (neuter nominative singular)
polscy (nominative plural virile)
polskie (nominative plural)
polskiego (genitive masculine singular)
polskiej (feminine genitive singular)
polskiego (genitive neuter singular)
polskich (genitive plural)
polskich (genitive plural virile)
polskiemu (dative masculine singular)
polsku (archaic dative masculine singular)
polskiej (dative feminine singular)
polskiemu (dative neuter singular)
polsku (archaic dative neuter singular)
polskim (dative plural)
polskim (dative plural virile)
polskiego (accusative animate masculine singular)
polski (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
polską (accusative feminine singular)
polskie (accusative neuter singular)
polskich (accusative plural virile)
polskie (accusative plural)
polskim (instrumental masculine singular)
polską (feminine instrumental singular)
polskim (instrumental neuter singular)
polskimi (instrumental plural)
polskimi (instrumental plural virile)
polskim (locative masculine singular)
polskiej (feminine locative singular)
polskim (locative neuter singular)
polskich (locative plural)
polskich (locative plural virile)

Inherited from Old Polish polski. By surface analysis, pole + -ski.

(relational) Polish (of, or from Poland)


NSA

w:Supreme Administrative Court of Poland

Initialism of Naczelny Sąd Administracyjny.


kimono

kimonowy (adjective)
kimono (nominative singular)
kimona (nominative plural)
kimona (genitive singular)
kimon (genitive plural)
kimonu (dative singular)
kimonom (dative plural)
kimono (accusative singular)
kimona (accusative plural)
kimonem (instrumental singular)
kimonami (instrumental plural)
kimonie (locative singular)
kimonach (locative plural)
kimono (singular vocative)
kimona (plural vocative)

kimono (traditional Japanese T-shaped, wrapped-front garment with square sleeves and a rectangular body, now generally worn only on formal occasions)

(martial arts) kimono (sports outfit worn by people training in certain martial arts, consisting of pants and a blouse with a slit in the front, the parts of which are worn one over the other and tied rigidly at the waist with a belt)


kimono

kimono (not comparable, no derived adverb)

(relational) kimono (traditional Japanese T-shaped, wrapped-front garment with square sleeves and a rectangular body, now generally worn only on formal occasions)


kimono

kimonowy (adjective)
kimono (nominative singular)
kimona (genitive singular)
kimonu (dative singular)
kimono (accusative singular)
kimonem (instrumental singular)
kimonie (locative singular)
kimono (singular vocative)

(humorous, slang) nap (short period of sleep, especially one during the day)


kopa

kopa (nominative singular)
kopy (nominative plural)
kopy (genitive singular)
kop (genitive plural)
kóp (genitive plural)
kopie (dative singular)
kopom (dative plural)
kopę (accusative singular)
kopy (accusative plural)
kopą (instrumental singular)
kopami (instrumental plural)
kopie (locative singular)
kopach (locative plural)
kopo (singular vocative)
kopy (plural vocative)


dal

z dala

skok w dal

(literary) distance (space located at a very large distance)


premier

pl-noun

premier m pers (female equivalent premier or premierka, related adjective premierowski)

premier (feminine)
premierka (feminine)
premierowski (adjective)
premier (nominative singular)
premierzy (nominative plural)
premiery (derogatory nominative plural)
premiera (genitive singular)
premierów (genitive plural)
premierowi (dative singular)
premierom (dative plural)
premiera (accusative singular)
premierów (accusative plural)
premierem (instrumental singular)
premierami (instrumental plural)
premierze (locative singular)
premierach (locative plural)
premierze (singular vocative)
premierzy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French premier/premier ministre. First attested in the 19th century. Compare Kashubian premiér /premiéra and Silesian prymier.

ref

A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “premjer”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 993

Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “premier”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)

(government) prime minister (chief member of the cabinet and head of the government, especially in a parliamentary democracy; often the leader of the majority party)

(government) Prime Minister of Poland (head of the cabinet and the head of government of Poland)


li

(archaic, literary) interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question


samuraj

pl-noun

samuraj m pers (related adjective samurajski)

samurajski (adjective)
samuraj (nominative singular)
samurajowie (nominative plural)
samuraje (nominative plural)
samuraja (genitive singular)
samurajów (genitive plural)
samurai (genitive plural)
samurajowi (dative singular)
samurajom (dative plural)
samuraja (accusative singular)
samurajów (accusative plural)
samurai (accusative plural)
samurajem (instrumental singular)
samurajami (instrumental plural)
samuraju (locative singular)
samurajach (locative plural)
samuraju (singular vocative)
samurajowie (plural vocative)
samuraje (plural vocative)

(historical) samurai (soldier who served a daimyo in feudal Japan)


real

real (nominative singular)
reale (nominative plural)
reala (genitive singular)
reali (genitive plural)
realowi (dative singular)
realom (dative plural)
real (accusative singular)
reale (accusative plural)
realem (instrumental singular)
realami (instrumental plural)
realu (locative singular)
realach (locative plural)
realu (singular vocative)
reale (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Portuguese real, from Latin rēgālis.


mozzarella

mozzarella (nominative singular)
mozzarelle (nominative plural)
mozzarelli (genitive singular)
mozzarelli (genitive plural)
mozzarelli (dative singular)
mozzarellom (dative plural)
mozzarellę (accusative singular)
mozzarelle (accusative plural)
mozzarellą (instrumental singular)
mozzarellami (instrumental plural)
mozzarelli (locative singular)
mozzarellach (locative plural)
mozzarello (singular vocative)
mozzarelle (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Italian mozzarella.


Barcelona

Barcelona (nominative singular)
Barcelony (genitive singular)
Barcelonie (dative singular)
Barcelonę (accusative singular)
Barceloną (instrumental singular)
Barcelonie (locative singular)
Barcelono (singular vocative)

Barcelona (the capital city of Catalonia, Spain)


Berlin

pl-proper noun

Berlin m inan (related adjective berliński)

berliński (adjective)
Berlin (nominative singular)
Berlina (genitive singular)
Berlinowi (dative singular)
Berlin (accusative singular)
Berlinem (instrumental singular)
Berlinie (locative singular)
Berlinie (singular vocative)

Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)

Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)

Badenia-Wirtembergia · Bawaria · Brandenburgia · Hesja · Dolna Saksonia · Meklemburgia-Pomorze Przednie · Nadrenia Północna-Westfalia · Nadrenia-Palatynat · Saara · Saksonia · Saksonia-Anhalt · Szlezwik-Holsztyn · Turyngia


Dublin

Dublin (nominative singular)
Dublina (genitive singular)
Dublinu (genitive singular)
Dublinowi (dative singular)
Dublin (accusative singular)
Dublinem (instrumental singular)
Dublinie (locative singular)
Dublinie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Dublin, from Middle Irish Dublind, from dub + lind.

Dublin (a traditional county of Ireland)


Helsinki

pl-prop

Helsinki nvir pl (related adjective helsiński)

helsiński (adjective)
Helsinki (nominative plural)
Helsinek (genitive plural)
Helsinkom (dative plural)
Helsinki (accusative plural)
Helsinkami (instrumental plural)
Helsinkach (locative plural)
Helsinki (plural vocative)

Helsinki (the capital and largest city of Finland)

Helsinki (the capital and largest city of Uusimaa, Finland)


Honolulu

Honolulu (a city, the state capital of Hawaii, United States)


Liguria

Liguria f (related adjective liguryjski)

liguryjski (adjective)
Liguria (nominative singular)
Ligurii (genitive singular)
Ligurii (dative singular)
Ligurię (accusative singular)
Ligurią (instrumental singular)
Ligurii (locative singular)
Ligurio (singular vocative)

From Latin Liguria, from Ancient Greek Λίγυς (Lígus).

administrative region
administrative region

Liguria (an administrative region of northwest Italy)


Liverpool

Liverpool m inan (related adjective liverpoolski)

liverpoolski (adjective)
Liverpool (nominative singular)
Liverpoolu (genitive singular)
Liverpoolowi (dative singular)
Liverpool (accusative singular)
Liverpoolem (instrumental singular)
Liverpoolu (locative singular)
Liverpoolu (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Liverpool.

ubor

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Liverpool (a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England)

Liverpool (a borough of Perry County, Pennsylvania, United States)

Liverpool (a small city in Brazoria County, Texas, United States)


Los Angeles

Unadapted borrowing from English Los Angeles.

Los Angeles (a city in California, United States)


Maine

Unadapted borrowing from English Maine, from French Maine, from Old French Cemaine, from Latin *Cenomania, from the name of the Gaulish Cenomani tribe of Gallia Celtica.


Manila

manilski (adjective)
Manila (nominative singular)
Manili (genitive singular)
Manili (dative singular)
Manilę (accusative singular)
Manilą (instrumental singular)
Manili (locative singular)
Manilo (singular vocative)

Manila (the capital city of the Philippines)


Oslo

pl-prop

Oslo n (indeclinable, related adjective oslowski)

Oslo (a county and municipality, the capital and largest city of Norway)


San Francisco

Borrowed from English San Francisco, from Spanish San Francisco.

San Francisco (a city in California, United States)


Stuttgart

Stuttgart m inan (related adjective stuttgarcki)

stuttgarcki (adjective)
Stuttgart (nominative singular)
Stuttgartu (genitive singular)
Stuttgartowi (dative singular)
Stuttgart (accusative singular)
Stuttgartem (instrumental singular)
Stuttgarcie (locative singular)
Stuttgarcie (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from German Stuttgart.

ubor

Stuttgart (the capital and largest city of Baden-Württemberg, Germany)


Surinam

pl-prop

Surinam m inan (related adjective surinamski)

surinamski (adjective)
Surinam (nominative singular)
Surinamu (genitive singular)
Surinamowi (dative singular)
Surinam (accusative singular)
Surinamem (instrumental singular)
Surinamie (locative singular)
Surinamie (singular vocative)


Hamburg

hamburski (adjective)
Hamburg (nominative singular)
Hamburga (genitive singular)
Hamburgowi (dative singular)
Hamburg (accusative singular)
Hamburgiem (instrumental singular)
Hamburgu (locative singular)
Hamburgu (singular vocative)


Salzburg

pl-proper noun

Salzburg m inan (related adjective salcburski)

salcburski (adjective)
Salzburg (nominative singular)
Salzburgu (genitive singular)
Salzburgowi (dative singular)
Salzburg (accusative singular)
Salzburgiem (instrumental singular)
Salzburgu (locative singular)
Salzburgu (singular vocative)


Apulia

pl-prop

Apulia f (related adjective apulijski or apulski)

apulijski (adjective)
apulski (adjective)
Apulia (nominative singular)
Apulii (genitive singular)
Apulii (dative singular)
Apulię (accusative singular)
Apulią (instrumental singular)
Apulii (locative singular)
Apulio (singular vocative)

Apulia (a peninsula and administrative region in southern Italy)


Basilicata

Basilicata (nominative singular)
Basilicaty (genitive singular)
Basilicacie (dative singular)
Basilicatę (accusative singular)
Basilicatą (instrumental singular)
Basilicacie (locative singular)
Basilicato (singular vocative)

Basilicata (an administrative region of southern Italy)


Umbria

umbryjski (adjective)
Umbria (nominative singular)
Umbrii (genitive singular)
Umbrii (dative singular)
Umbrię (accusative singular)
Umbrią (instrumental singular)
Umbrii (locative singular)
Umbrio (singular vocative)

Umbria (an administrative region in central Italy)


hamburger

pl-noun

hamburger m animal (related adjective hamburgerowy)

hamburgerowy (adjective)
hamburger (nominative singular)
hamburgery (nominative plural)
hamburgera (genitive singular)
hamburgerów (genitive plural)
hamburgerowi (dative singular)
hamburgerom (dative plural)
hamburger (accusative singular)
hamburgera (accusative singular)
hamburgery (accusative plural)
hamburgerem (instrumental singular)
hamburgerami (instrumental plural)
hamburgerze (locative singular)
hamburgerach (locative plural)
hamburgerze (singular vocative)
hamburgery (plural vocative)

Borrowed from American English hamburger.

bor+

hamburger (ground beef, especially that intended to be made into hamburgers)


Bask

pl-noun

Bask m pers (female equivalent Baskijka)

Baskijka (feminine)
Bask (nominative singular)
Baskowie (nominative plural)
Baska (genitive singular)
Basków (genitive plural)
Baskowi (dative singular)
Baskom (dative plural)
Baska (accusative singular)
Basków (accusative plural)
Baskiem (instrumental singular)
Baskami (instrumental plural)
Basku (locative singular)
Baskach (locative plural)
Basku (singular vocative)
Baskowie (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French Basque, from Gascon Occitan Basc, from Latin Vascō, Vascōnēs.


judo

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 柔(じゅう)道(どう) (jūdō).

ja-r

柔(じゅう)道(どう) (jūdō)


Montana

Montana (nominative singular)
Montany (genitive singular)
Montanie (dative singular)
Montanę (accusative singular)
Montaną (instrumental singular)
Montanie (locative singular)
Montano (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Montana, from Spanish montaña (“mountain”), from Old Spanish montanna, from Medieval Latin montāna, from the feminine of Latin montānus, from mōns (“mountain”), from Proto-Indo-European *men-.


Sofia

Sofia (nominative singular)
Sofii (genitive singular)
Sofii (dative singular)
Sofię (accusative singular)
Sofią (instrumental singular)
Sofii (locative singular)
Sofio (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Bulgarian Со́фия (Sófija).


cent

pl-noun

cent m animal (diminutive cencik, related adjective centowy)

cencik (diminutive)
centowy (adjective)
cent (nominative singular)
centy (nominative plural)
centa (genitive singular)
centów (genitive plural)
centowi (dative singular)
centom (dative plural)
centa (accusative singular)
centy (accusative plural)
centem (instrumental singular)
centami (instrumental plural)
cencie (locative singular)
centach (locative plural)
cencie (singular vocative)
centy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English cent, French cent, German Cent, ultimately from Latin centum. Doublet of sto.

cent (subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the main unit of currency in many countries; symbol: ¢)


wasabi

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 山葵 (wasabi).

ubor

Eutrema japonicum
Wikispecies:Eutrema japonicum


Polska

Polska (nominative singular)
Polski (genitive singular)
Polsce (dative singular)
Polskę (accusative singular)
Polską (instrumental singular)
Polsce (locative singular)
Polsko (singular vocative)

→ Czech: Polsko

→ Kashubian: Pòlskô

→ Lower Sorbian: Pólska

→ Carpathian Rusyn: По́льско (Pólʹsko)

→ Silesian: Polsko

→ Slovak: Poľsko

→ Upper Sorbian: Pólska

Inherited from Old Polish Polska, an ellipsis of ziemia Polska.

Rzeczpospolita Polska
Rzeczpospolita Polska#Polish

Poland (a country in Central Europe; official name: Rzeczpospolita Polska)

musi to na Rusi, a w Polsce jak kto chce


Flevoland

Flevoland (a province of the Netherlands)


Groningen

Groningen (a province of the Netherlands)


Overijssel

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch Overijssel.

Overijssel (a province of the Netherlands)


Utrecht

Utrecht (nominative singular)
Utrechtu (genitive singular)
Utrechtowi (dative singular)
Utrecht (accusative singular)
Utrechtem (instrumental singular)
Utrechcie (locative singular)
Utrechcie (singular vocative)


sumo

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 相撲 (sumō).


język

pl-noun

język m inan (diminutive języczek, augmentative jęzor, related adjective językowy, abbreviation j. or jęz.)

języczek (diminutive)
jęzor (augmentative)
językowy (adjective)
j. (abbreviation)
jęz. (abbreviation)
język (nominative singular)
języki (nominative plural)
języka (genitive singular)
języków (genitive plural)
językowi (dative singular)
językom (dative plural)
język (accusative singular)
języki (accusative plural)
językiem (instrumental singular)
językami (instrumental plural)
języku (locative singular)
językach (locative plural)
języku (singular vocative)
języki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish język. Cognate with English tongue and language.

language, tongue (body of words, and set of methods of combining them (called a grammar), understood by a community and used as a form of communication)

language (sublanguage: the slang of a particular community or jargon of a particular specialist field)

(Middle Polish) defender (person speaking in favor of someone's name)


pudding

pudding (nominative singular)
puddingi (nominative plural)
puddingu (genitive singular)
puddingów (genitive plural)
puddingowi (dative singular)
puddingom (dative plural)
pudding (accusative singular)
puddingi (accusative plural)
puddingiem (instrumental singular)
puddingami (instrumental plural)
puddingu (locative singular)
puddingach (locative plural)
puddingu (singular vocative)
puddingi (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English pudding. Doublet of budyń.

ubor

pudding (type of cake or dessert cooked usually by boiling or steaming)


Egipt

pl-proper noun

Egipt m inan (related adjective egipski)

egipski (adjective)
Egipt (nominative singular)
Egipty (nominative plural)
Egiptu (genitive singular)
Egiptów (genitive plural)
Egiptowi (dative singular)
Egiptom (dative plural)
Egipt (accusative singular)
Egipty (accusative plural)
Egiptem (instrumental singular)
Egiptami (instrumental plural)
Egipcie (locative singular)
Egiptach (locative plural)
Egipcie (singular vocative)
Egipty (plural vocative)

Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)


tartan

tartan (nominative singular)
tartany (nominative plural)
tartanu (genitive singular)
tartanów (genitive plural)
tartanowi (dative singular)
tartanom (dative plural)
tartan (accusative singular)
tartany (accusative plural)
tartanem (instrumental singular)
tartanami (instrumental plural)
tartanie (locative singular)
tartanach (locative plural)
tartanie (singular vocative)
tartany (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English tartan, from Middle English tartaryn, from Middle French tartarin, tiretaine, from Old French tiret, from tire, from Medieval Latin tyrius, from Latin Tyrus, from Ancient Greek Τύρος (Túros), from Phoenician 𐤑𐤅𐤓 (ṣwr).

tartan (woollen cloth with a distinctive pattern of intersecting orthogonal coloured stripes, associated with Scottish Highlanders)

(athletics) tartan track (all-weather synthetic track surfacing made of polyurethane used for track and field competitions)

(athletics, colloquial) tartan track (stadium or running track covered with such material)


rand

pl-noun

rand m animal (related adjective randowy)

randowy (adjective)
rand (nominative singular)
randy (nominative plural)
randa (genitive singular)
randów (genitive plural)
randowi (dative singular)
random (dative plural)
randa (accusative singular)
randy (accusative plural)
randem (instrumental singular)
randami (instrumental plural)
randzie (locative singular)
randach (locative plural)
randzie (singular vocative)
randy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Afrikaans rand. Doublet of rant.


kip

kip (nominative singular)
kipy (nominative plural)
kipa (genitive singular)
kipów (genitive plural)
kipowi (dative singular)
kipom (dative plural)
kipa (accusative singular)
kipy (accusative plural)
kipem (instrumental singular)
kipami (instrumental plural)
kipie (locative singular)
kipach (locative plural)
kipie (singular vocative)
kipy (plural vocative)

kip (unit of currency in Laos, divided into 100 att)


Gdańsk

pl-prop

Gdańsk m inan (related adjective gdański, demonym gdańszczanin, female demonym gdańszczanka)

gdański (adjective)
gdańszczanin (demonym)
gdańszczanka (demonym feminine)
Gdańsk (nominative singular)
Gdańska (genitive singular)
Gdańskowi (dative singular)
Gdańsk (accusative singular)
Gdańskiem (instrumental singular)
Gdańsku (locative singular)
Gdańsku (singular vocative)

→ Czech: Gdaňsk

→ English: Gdańsk

→ Latin: Gedānum

→ Russian: Гданьск (Gdanʹsk)

→ Belarusian: Гданьск (Hdanʹsk)

→ Ukrainian: Гданськ (Hdansʹk)

→ Ukrainian: Ґданськ (Gdansʹk)

Disputed. Per Vasmer, derived from Gothic *𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 (*gutans, “Goths”). Eckblom rejects this, and many various etymologists suggest a native Proto-Slavic stem of *gъd- (“wet, damp”) and point to place names such as Gdynia and Gdecz (modern Giecz) as further reflexes of that stem. Others still suggest a Proto-Baltic stem of *gud-, with Baltic reflexes including Old Prussian gudde (“forest”), gudas (“Belarusian: person speaking a foreign language”) or Lithuanian gudkarklis (“damp pasture”), gudobelė (“hawthorn”). Many etymologists support the Proto-Baltic origin, with an original stem of *Gud- + *-an + *-isk ("place of the forest people").

unc

Disputed

der+

Pomeranian Voivodeship
Pomeranian Voivodeship#English

Gdańsk (the capital city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)

Kazimierz Rymut
pl:Barbara Czopek-Kopciuch
pl:Nazwy miejscowe Polski


Kraków

pl-prop

Kraków m inan (related adjective krakowski)

krakowski (adjective)
Kraków (nominative singular)
Krakowa (genitive singular)
Krakowowi (dative singular)
Kraków (accusative singular)
Krakowem (instrumental singular)
Krakowie (locative singular)
Krakowie (singular vocative)

→ Belarusian: Кра́каў (Krákaŭ)

→ Czech: Krakov

desc

→ English: Cracov, Cracow, Krakau, Krakow, Kraków

→ Esperanto: Krakovo

→ Finnish: Krakova

desctree

→ German: Krakau
→ Dutch: Krakau
→ Icelandic: Kraká

→ Kashubian: Krakòwò

→ Latin: Cracōvia

→ Latvian: Krakova

→ Lithuanian: Krokuva

→ Russian: Кра́ков (Krákov)

→ Serbo-Croatian: Krakov

→ Slovak: Krakov

→ Slovene: Krakov

→ Ukrainian: Кра́ків (Krákiv)

Uncertain. Traditionally derived from Krak + -ów, from the city's legendary founder Krak.

Lesser Poland Voivodeship
Lesser Poland Voivodeship#English

Cracow (the capital and largest city of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland)


ocean

pl-noun

ocean m inan (related adjective oceaniczny or oceanowy)

oceaniczny (adjective)
oceanowy (adjective)
ocean (nominative singular)
oceany (nominative plural)
oceanu (genitive singular)
oceanów (genitive plural)
oceanowi (dative singular)
oceanom (dative plural)
ocean (accusative singular)
oceany (accusative plural)
oceanem (instrumental singular)
oceanami (instrumental plural)
oceanie (locative singular)
oceanach (locative plural)
oceanie (singular vocative)
oceany (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Ōceanus. Doublet of Okeanos.

ocean (one of the large bodies of water separating the continents)


złoty

zł (abbreviation)
złoty (nominative singular)
złote (nominative plural)
złotego (genitive singular)
złotych (genitive plural)
złotemu (dative singular)
złotym (dative plural)
złotego (accusative singular)
złote (accusative plural)
złotym (instrumental singular)
złotymi (instrumental plural)
złotym (locative singular)
złotych (locative plural)
złoty (singular vocative)
złote (plural vocative)

desc

→ Arabic: زْلوتِي, زْووتِي

→ Arabic: زْلوتِي, زْووتِي

→ Armenian: զլոտի (zloti)

→ Belarusian: зло́ты (zlóty)

→ Bulgarian: зло́ти (zlóti)

→ Catalan: esloti

→ Chinese: 茲羅提 /兹罗提 (zīluótí)

→ Czech: zlotý

→ Danish: zloty

→ English: zloty, złoty

→ Esperanto: zloto

→ Finnish: zloty

→ French: zloty, złoty

→ Georgian: ზლოტი (zloṭi)

→ German: Zloty, Złoty

→ Greek: ζλότι (zlóti)

→ Hebrew: זלוטי

→ Hungarian: zloty, złoty

→ Japanese: ズロティ, ズウォティ

→ Japanese: ズロティ, ズウォティ

→ Korean: 즐로티 (jeulloti)

→ Macedonian: злоти (zloti)

→ Navajo: zwótii

→ Norwegian: zloty

→ Portuguese: zloty, zloti

→ Romanian: zlot

desctree

→ Russian: зло́тый (zlótyj)
→ Kazakh: злотый (zlotyi)

→ Serbo-Croatian: zlot, злот

→ Slovak: zlotý

→ Slovene: zlot

→ Spanish: esloti, zloty

→ Swedish: zloty, złoty

desc

→ Thai: ซวอตือ

→ Thai: ซวอตือ

→ Ukrainian: зло́тий (zlótyj)

→ Yiddish: זלאָטע (zlote)

Inherited from Old Polish złoty. Compare Silesian złoty. Doublet of chlor, zielony, and żółty. In currency sense, compare Dutch gulden.

(nominalized) zloty (currency of Poland)


lira

lira (nominative singular)
liry (nominative plural)
liry (genitive singular)
lir (genitive plural)
lirze (dative singular)
lirom (dative plural)
lirę (accusative singular)
liry (accusative plural)
lirą (instrumental singular)
lirami (instrumental plural)
lirze (locative singular)
lirach (locative plural)
liro (singular vocative)
liry (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Turkish lira, from Italian lira, from Latin lībra.


Strasburg

Strasburg (nominative singular)
Strasburga (genitive singular)
Strasburgowi (dative singular)
Strasburg (accusative singular)
Strasburgiem (instrumental singular)
Strasburgu (locative singular)
Strasburgu (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French Strasbourg, from Middle High German Strāzburc.

Strasbourg (the capital city of the Bas-Rhin department, France; capital city of the region of Grand Est)


Kongo

kongijski (adjective)
Kongo (nominative singular)
Konga (genitive singular)
Kongu (dative singular)
Kongo (accusative singular)
Kongiem (instrumental singular)
Kongu (locative singular)
Kongo (singular vocative)

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo

Congo (a country in Central Africa, smaller and to the west of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)

Congo (a large river in Africa, which flows for about 4,380 km (2,720 miles) to the Atlantic Ocean in the Democratic Republic of Congo)


Belgia

Belgia (nominative singular)
Belgie (nominative plural)
Belgii (genitive singular)
Belgii (genitive plural)
Belgii (dative singular)
Belgiom (dative plural)
Belgię (accusative singular)
Belgie (accusative plural)
Belgią (instrumental singular)
Belgiami (instrumental plural)
Belgii (locative singular)
Belgiach (locative plural)
Belgio (singular vocative)
Belgie (plural vocative)

Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


Ruanda

Ruanda (nominative singular)
Ruandy (genitive singular)
Ruandzie (dative singular)
Ruandę (accusative singular)
Ruandą (instrumental singular)
Ruandzie (locative singular)
Ruando (singular vocative)


flamenco

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish flamenco. Doublet of Flamand.

ubor

flamenco (genre of folk music and dance native to Andalusia, Spain)


Anglia

Anglia (nominative singular)
Anglii (genitive singular)
Anglii (dative singular)
Anglię (accusative singular)
Anglią (instrumental singular)
Anglii (locative singular)
Anglio (singular vocative)

England (a constituent country of the United Kingdom in Europe)


infant

pl-noun

infant m pers (female equivalent infantka)

infantka (feminine)
infant (nominative singular)
infanci (nominative plural)
infanty (derogatory nominative plural)
infanta (genitive singular)
infantów (genitive plural)
infantowi (dative singular)
infantom (dative plural)
infanta (accusative singular)
infantów (accusative plural)
infantem (instrumental singular)
infantami (instrumental plural)
infancie (locative singular)
infantach (locative plural)
infancie (singular vocative)
infanci (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish infante and Portuguese infante, from Latin īnfāns.


tera

tera (nominative singular)
tery (nominative plural)
tery (genitive singular)
ter (genitive plural)
terze (dative singular)
terom (dative plural)
terę (accusative singular)
tery (accusative plural)
terą (instrumental singular)
terami (instrumental plural)
terze (locative singular)
terach (locative plural)
tero (singular vocative)
tery (plural vocative)

(Buddhism) tera (Buddhist temple in Japan)


lord

lord (nominative singular)
lordowie (nominative plural)
lorda (genitive singular)
lordów (genitive plural)
lordowi (dative singular)
lordom (dative plural)
lorda (accusative singular)
lordów (accusative plural)
lordem (instrumental singular)
lordami (instrumental plural)
lordzie (locative singular)
lordach (locative plural)
lordzie (singular vocative)
lordowie (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English lord, from Middle English lord and lorde, from lourde, from lowerd, louerd, loverd, laford, lhoaverd, from Old English hlāford, from hlāfweard.


kebab

kebab m animal or m inan (related adjective kebabowy)

kebab m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
kebabowy (adjective)
kebab (nominative singular)
kebaby (nominative plural)
kebaba (genitive singular)
kebabu (genitive singular)
kebabów (genitive plural)
kebabowi (dative singular)
kebabom (dative plural)
kebab (accusative singular)
kebaby (accusative plural)
kebabem (instrumental singular)
kebabami (instrumental plural)
kebabie (locative singular)
kebabach (locative plural)
kebabie (singular vocative)
kebaby (plural vocative)

doner kebab, gyro (Turkish dish in which meat (typically seasoned lamb or mutton, but alternatively chicken or perhaps beef) is grilled on a revolving vertical spit; when cooked, the meat is sliced off and served with fresh vegetables in pita or rolled in a piece of unleavened flatbread)


giros

giros m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
giros (nominative singular)
girosy (nominative plural)
girosa (genitive singular)
girosu (genitive singular)
girosów (genitive plural)
girosowi (dative singular)
girosom (dative plural)
giros (accusative singular)
girosa (accusative singular)
girosy (accusative plural)
girosem (instrumental singular)
girosami (instrumental plural)
girosie (locative singular)
girosach (locative plural)
girosie (singular vocative)
girosy (plural vocative)


souvlaki

souvlaki (nominative plural)
souvlaków (genitive plural)
souvlakom (dative plural)
souvlaki (accusative plural)
souvlakami (instrumental plural)
souvlakach (locative plural)
souvlaki (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Greek σουβλάκι (souvláki).

ubor

souvlaki (Greek fast food consisting of pieces of meat and sometimes vegetables grilled on a skewer)


gyros

gyros m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
gyros (nominative singular)
gyrosy (nominative plural)
gyrosa (genitive singular)
gyrosu (genitive singular)
gyrosów (genitive plural)
gyrosowi (dative singular)
gyrosom (dative plural)
gyros (accusative singular)
gyrosa (accusative singular)
gyrosy (accusative plural)
gyrosem (instrumental singular)
gyrosami (instrumental plural)
gyrosie (locative singular)
gyrosach (locative plural)
gyrosie (singular vocative)
gyrosy (plural vocative)

gyro (style of Greek sandwich commonly filled with grilled meat, tomato, onions, and tzatziki sauce)


tsunami

(oceanography) tsunami (very large and destructive wave, generally caused by a tremendous disturbance in the ocean, such as an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption; often a series of waves (a wave train))

(figurative) tsunami (violent event that changes or completely shatters the previous state of something)

(figurative) tsunami, flood (appearance of some emotion, behavior, or phenomenon in large quantities or in high intensity) [with genitive]

(figurative) tsunami, flood (huge number of people gathered in some place and moving to somewhere) [with genitive]


yakuza

yakuza (nominative singular)
yakuzy (nominative plural)
yakuzy (genitive singular)
yakuz (genitive plural)
yakuzie (dative singular)
yakuzom (dative plural)
yakuzę (accusative singular)
yakuzy (accusative plural)
yakuzą (instrumental singular)
yakuzami (instrumental plural)
yakuzie (locative singular)
yakuzach (locative plural)
yakuzo (singular vocative)
yakuzy (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English yakuza.


Italia

Italia (nominative singular)
Italii (genitive singular)
Italii (dative singular)
Italię (accusative singular)
Italią (instrumental singular)
Italii (locative singular)
Italio (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Ī̆talia, from Ancient Greek Ῑ̓ταλίᾱ (Ītalíā), from Oscan 𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞 (víteliú).

(literary) Italy (a country in Southern Europe)


Minnesota

Minnesota (nominative singular)
Minnesoty (genitive singular)
Minnesocie (dative singular)
Minnesotę (accusative singular)
Minnesotą (instrumental singular)
Minnesocie (locative singular)
Minnesoto (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Minnesota, from Lakota mní sóta (literally “cloudy water”).

der

Minnesota (a state of the United States)

Minnesota (a river in the United States)


samizdat

samizdat (nominative singular)
samizdaty (nominative plural)
samizdatu (genitive singular)
samizdatów (genitive plural)
samizdatowi (dative singular)
samizdatom (dative plural)
samizdat (accusative singular)
samizdaty (accusative plural)
samizdatem (instrumental singular)
samizdatami (instrumental plural)
samizdacie (locative singular)
samizdatach (locative plural)
samizdacie (singular vocative)
samizdaty (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian самизда́т (samizdát, “self-publishing”), from сам (sam, “self”) + изда́т (izdát), an abbreviation of изда́тельство (izdátelʹstvo, “publishing house, publishing”).

bor+

(historical) samizdat (underground publishing)


origami

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 折り紙 (origami), from 折り (ori) + 紙 (kami).


frank

frank (nominative singular)
franki (nominative plural)
franka (genitive singular)
franków (genitive plural)
frankowi (dative singular)
frankom (dative plural)
franka (accusative singular)
franki (accusative plural)
frankiem (instrumental singular)
frankami (instrumental plural)
franku (locative singular)
frankach (locative plural)
franku (singular vocative)
franki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French franc, from Middle French franc, from Medieval Latin Franc, from Frankish *frankō (“a Frank”). Doublet of Frank.


sherry

Unadapted borrowing from English sherry.


falafel

falafel m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
falafel (nominative singular)
falafele (nominative plural)
falafle (nominative plural)
falafela (genitive singular)
falafla (genitive singular)
falafelów (genitive plural)
falaflów (genitive plural)
falafeli (genitive plural)
falafli (genitive plural)
falafelowi (dative singular)
falaflowi (dative singular)
falafelom (dative plural)
falaflom (dative plural)
falafel (accusative singular)
falafela (accusative singular)
falafla (accusative singular)
falafele (accusative plural)
falafle (accusative plural)
falafelem (instrumental singular)
falaflem (instrumental singular)
falafelami (instrumental plural)
falaflami (instrumental plural)
falafelu (locative singular)
falaflu (locative singular)
falafelach (locative plural)
falaflach (locative plural)
falafelu (singular vocative)
falaflu (singular vocative)
falafele (plural vocative)
falafle (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English falafel, French falafel, German Falafel, ultimately from Arabic فَلَافِل (falāfil).

falafel (Middle Eastern food in the form of balls made from chickpeas or broad beans and other ingredients, often served in a pita)


Odessa

odeski (adjective)
Odessa (nominative singular)
Odessy (genitive singular)
Odessie (dative singular)
Odessę (accusative singular)
Odessą (instrumental singular)
Odessie (locative singular)
Odesso (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Russian Оде́сса (Odéssa), named after an Ancient Greek settlement thought to have been located nearby, from Ancient Greek Ὀδησσός (Odēssós).

Odessa (a city, the administrative center of Odessa Oblast, Ukraine)


Mount Everest

Mount Everest (nominative singular)
Mount Everestu (genitive singular)
Mount Everestowi (dative singular)
Mount Everest (accusative singular)
Mount Everestem (instrumental singular)
Mount Evereście (locative singular)
Mount Evereście (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Mount Everest.

Mount Everest (a mountain in Himalayas, the world's highest mountain)


golf

golf (nominative singular)
golfy (nominative plural)
golfa (genitive singular)
golfów (genitive plural)
golfowi (dative singular)
golfom (dative plural)
golfa (accusative singular)
golfy (accusative plural)
golfem (instrumental singular)
golfami (instrumental plural)
golfie (locative singular)
golfach (locative plural)
golfie (singular vocative)
golfy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Volkswagen Golf, a genericized trademark.


Eufrat

Eufrat (nominative singular)
Eufratu (genitive singular)
Eufratowi (dative singular)
Eufrat (accusative singular)
Eufratem (instrumental singular)
Eufracie (locative singular)
Eufracie (singular vocative)


fen

fen (nominative singular)
feny (nominative plural)
fenu (genitive singular)
fenów (genitive plural)
fenowi (dative singular)
fenom (dative plural)
fen (accusative singular)
feny (accusative plural)
fenem (instrumental singular)
fenami (instrumental plural)
fenie (locative singular)
fenach (locative plural)
fenie (singular vocative)
feny (plural vocative)


Charon

Charon (nominative singular)
Charoni (nominative plural)
Charony (derogatory nominative plural)
Charona (genitive singular)
Charonów (genitive plural)
Charonowi (dative singular)
Charonom (dative plural)
Charona (accusative singular)
Charonów (accusative plural)
Charonem (instrumental singular)
Charonami (instrumental plural)
Charonie (locative singular)
Charonach (locative plural)
Charonie (singular vocative)
Charoni (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Χάρων (Khárōn).

lbor

(astronomy) Charon (largest of the five moons of Pluto)


senator

pl-noun

senator m pers (female equivalent senatorka, related adjective senatorski)

senatorka (feminine)
senatorski (adjective)
senator (nominative singular)
senatorzy (nominative plural)
senatorowie (nominative plural)
senatory (derogatory nominative plural)
senatora (genitive singular)
senatorów (genitive plural)
senatorowi (dative singular)
senatorom (dative plural)
senatora (accusative singular)
senatorów (accusative plural)
senatorem (instrumental singular)
senatorami (instrumental plural)
senatorze (locative singular)
senatorach (locative plural)
senatorze (singular vocative)
senatorzy (plural vocative)
senatorowie (plural vocative)
senatory (derogatory plural vocative)

(government) senator (a member of a local parliament in each of the states of the United States of America)


judoka

judoka m pers (female equivalent judoczka)

judoczka (feminine)
judoka (nominative singular)
judocy (nominative plural)
judoki (genitive singular)
judoków (genitive plural)
judoce (dative singular)
judokom (dative plural)
judokę (accusative singular)
judoków (accusative plural)
judoką (instrumental singular)
judokami (instrumental plural)
judoce (locative singular)
judokach (locative plural)
judoko (singular vocative)
judocy (plural vocative)


strom

strom (nominative singular)
stromy (nominative plural)
stromu (genitive singular)
stromów (genitive plural)
stromowi (dative singular)
stromom (dative plural)
strom (accusative singular)
stromy (accusative plural)
stromem (instrumental singular)
stromami (instrumental plural)
stromie (locative singular)
stromach (locative plural)
stromie (singular vocative)
stromy (plural vocative)


ninja

ninja (nominative singular)
ninjowie (nominative plural)
ninje (derogatory nominative plural)
ninji (genitive singular)
ninjów (genitive plural)
ninji (dative singular)
ninjom (dative plural)
ninję (accusative singular)
ninjów (accusative plural)
ninje (accusative derogatory plural)
ninją (instrumental singular)
ninjami (instrumental plural)
ninji (locative singular)
ninjach (locative plural)
ninjo (singular vocative)
ninjowie (plural vocative)
ninje (derogatory plural vocative)

Coordinate term: ninjutsu

(espionage, historical, martial arts) ninja (person trained in ninjutsu, especially one used for espionage, assassination, and other tasks requiring stealth during Japan's shogunate period)


ronin

ronin (nominative singular)
ronini (nominative plural)
roninowie (nominative plural)
roniny (derogatory nominative plural)
ronina (genitive singular)
roninów (genitive plural)
roninowi (dative singular)
roninom (dative plural)
ronina (accusative singular)
roninów (accusative plural)
roninem (instrumental singular)
roninami (instrumental plural)
roninie (locative singular)
roninach (locative plural)
roninie (singular vocative)
ronini (plural vocative)
roninowie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Japanese 浪人 (rōnin).


jar

jar (nominative singular)
jary (nominative plural)
jaru (genitive singular)
jarów (genitive plural)
jarowi (dative singular)
jarom (dative plural)
jar (accusative singular)
jary (accusative plural)
jarem (instrumental singular)
jarami (instrumental plural)
jarze (locative singular)
jarach (locative plural)
jarze (singular vocative)
jary (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ukrainian яр (jar), from a Turkic language.


Lombardia

pl-prop

Lombardia f (related adjective lombardzki)

lombardzki (adjective)
Lombardia (nominative singular)
Lombardii (genitive singular)
Lombardii (dative singular)
Lombardię (accusative singular)
Lombardią (instrumental singular)
Lombardii (locative singular)
Lombardio (singular vocative)

Lombardy (an administrative region in northern Italy, where its capital and the largest city Milan is founded in the Po Valley)


bonsai

Unadapted borrowing from English bonsai.

bonsai (tree or plant that has been miniaturized by planting it in a small pot, restricting its roots, and by careful pruning)

bonsai (art of planting and growing trees or plants in such a manner)


seppuku

hara-kiri, seppuku (ceremonial suicide by ripping open the abdomen)


Europa

europejski (adjective)
Europa (nominative singular)
Europy (genitive singular)
Europie (dative singular)
Europę (accusative singular)
Europą (instrumental singular)
Europie (locative singular)
Europo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin Eurōpa, from Ancient Greek Εὐρώπη (Eurṓpē).

Europa Północna


Newcastle

Unadapted borrowing from English Newcastle.

ubor

Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne (a large city and metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, in northeastern England)

Newcastle upon Tyne
Newcastle upon Tyne#English

Newcastle (a large city in New South Wales, Australia)

Newcastle (a large city in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa)

Newcastle (an urban neighborhood in the city of Miramichi, New Brunswick, Canada)

census-designated place
census-designated place

Newcastle (an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Placer County, California, United States)

Newcastle (a city in McClain County, Oklahoma, United States; suburb of Oklahoma City)

Newcastle (a small city in Young County, Texas, United States)

Newcastle (an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Iron County, Utah, United States)

Newcastle (a city in King County, Washington, United States)

Newcastle (a city, the county seat of Weston County, Wyoming, United States)


Babel

Learned borrowing from Latin Babel. Doublet of Babilon and Babilonia.

(heraldry, historical) Polish coat of arms of the nobility granted in the Austrian Partition


baton

pl-noun

baton m animal or m inan (diminutive batonik)

baton m animal or (canonical inanimate masculine)
batonik (diminutive)
baton (nominative singular)
batony (nominative plural)
batona (genitive singular)
batonu (genitive singular)
batonów (genitive plural)
batonowi (dative singular)
batonom (dative plural)
baton (accusative singular)
batona (accusative singular)
batony (accusative plural)
batonem (instrumental singular)
batonami (instrumental plural)
batonie (locative singular)
batonach (locative plural)
batonie (singular vocative)
batony (plural vocative)

(regional) veka (type of pastry made of wheat flour, produced in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Poland, similar to a French baguette but wider, bigger, and fluffier, and with a smoother surface)


duma

duma (nominative singular)
dumy (nominative plural)
dumy (genitive singular)
dum (genitive plural)
dumie (dative singular)
dumom (dative plural)
dumę (accusative singular)
dumy (accusative plural)
dumą (instrumental singular)
dumami (instrumental plural)
dumie (locative singular)
dumach (locative plural)
dumo (singular vocative)
dumy (plural vocative)

dumka (individual composition in the genre of instrumental folk music from Ukraine)


haiku

(poetry) haiku (Japanese poem in three lines, the first and last consisting of five morae, and the second consisting of seven morae, usually with an emphasis on the season or a naturalistic theme)

(poetry) haiku (three-line poem in any language, with five syllables in the first and last lines and seven syllables in the second, usually with an emphasis on the season or a naturalistic theme)


junta

junta (nominative singular)
junty (nominative plural)
junty (genitive singular)
junt (genitive plural)
juncie (dative singular)
juntom (dative plural)
juntę (accusative singular)
junty (accusative plural)
juntą (instrumental singular)
juntami (instrumental plural)
juncie (locative singular)
juntach (locative plural)
junto (singular vocative)
junty (plural vocative)

junta (the grand council of state in Spain)


kabuki

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 歌舞伎 (kabuki).


mig

migowy (adjective)
mig (nominative singular)
migi (nominative plural)
migu (genitive singular)
migów (genitive plural)
migowi (dative singular)
migom (dative plural)
mig (accusative singular)
migi (accusative plural)
migiem (instrumental singular)
migami (instrumental plural)
migu (locative singular)
migach (locative plural)
migu (singular vocative)
migi (plural vocative)

(linguistics) sign (specific gesture or motion used to communicate by those with speaking or hearing difficulties; now specifically, a linguistic unit in sign language equivalent to a word in spoken languages)


mig

migowy (adjective)
mig (nominative singular)
migi (nominative plural)
miga (genitive singular)
migów (genitive plural)
migowi (dative singular)
migom (dative plural)
miga (accusative singular)
migi (accusative plural)
migiem (instrumental singular)
migami (instrumental plural)
migu (locative singular)
migach (locative plural)
migu (singular vocative)
migi (plural vocative)

(aviation) MiG (any of a series of Soviet and Russian fighter aircraft)


mir

mir (nominative singular)
miry (nominative plural)
miru (genitive singular)
mirów (genitive plural)
mirowi (dative singular)
mirom (dative plural)
mir (accusative singular)
miry (accusative plural)
mirem (instrumental singular)
mirami (instrumental plural)
mirze (locative singular)
mirach (locative plural)
mirze (singular vocative)
miry (plural vocative)

(historical) mir, obshchina (peasant village community as opposed to individual farmsteads, or khutors, in Imperial Russia)


fader

Borrowed from German Vater. Doublet of fater.

(Chełmno-Dobrzyń, derogatory, ethnic slur) German person; Kraut


grand

grand (nominative singular)
grandowie (nominative plural)
granda (genitive singular)
grandów (genitive plural)
grandowi (dative singular)
grandom (dative plural)
granda (accusative singular)
grandów (accusative plural)
grandem (instrumental singular)
grandami (instrumental plural)
grandzie (locative singular)
grandach (locative plural)
grandzie (singular vocative)
grandowie (plural vocative)

grandee (high-ranking nobleman in Spain or Portugal)


meander

pl-noun

meander m inan (related adjective meandrowy)

meandrowy (adjective)
meander (nominative singular)
meandry (nominative plural)
meandra (genitive singular)
meandrów (genitive plural)
meandrowi (dative singular)
meandrom (dative plural)
meander (accusative singular)
meandry (accusative plural)
meandrem (instrumental singular)
meandrami (instrumental plural)
meandrze (locative singular)
meandrach (locative plural)
meandrze (singular vocative)
meandry (plural vocative)

meander (one of a series of regular sinuous curves, bends, loops, turns, or windings in the channel of a river, stream, or other watercourse)


Oregon

Oregon (nominative singular)
Oregonu (genitive singular)
Oregonowi (dative singular)
Oregon (accusative singular)
Oregonem (instrumental singular)
Oregonie (locative singular)
Oregonie (singular vocative)


New Jersey

Unadapted borrowing from English New Jersey.

ubor

New Jersey (a state of the United States)


Bristol

pl-prop

Bristol m inan (related adjective bristolski)

bristolski (adjective)
Bristol (nominative singular)
Bristolu (genitive singular)
Bristolowi (dative singular)
Bristol (accusative singular)
Bristolem (instrumental singular)
Bristolu (locative singular)
Bristolu (singular vocative)

Bristol (a city, county, and unitary authority in southwest England)


laguna

laguna (nominative singular)
laguny (nominative plural)
laguny (genitive singular)
lagun (genitive plural)
lagunie (dative singular)
lagunom (dative plural)
lagunę (accusative singular)
laguny (accusative plural)
laguną (instrumental singular)
lagunami (instrumental plural)
lagunie (locative singular)
lagunach (locative plural)
laguno (singular vocative)
laguny (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian laguna, from Latin lacūna.


Oklahoma

Oklahoma (nominative singular)
Oklahomy (genitive singular)
Oklahomie (dative singular)
Oklahomę (accusative singular)
Oklahomą (instrumental singular)
Oklahomie (locative singular)
Oklahomo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Oklahoma, from Choctaw okla (“people”) + homa (“red”).


karaoke

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese カラオケ (karaoke).


flak

pl-noun

flak m inan (diminutive flaczek, related adjective flakowy)

flaczek (diminutive)
flakowy (adjective)
flak (nominative singular)
flaki (nominative plural)
flaka (genitive singular)
flaków (genitive plural)
flakowi (dative singular)
flakom (dative plural)
flak (accusative singular)
flaki (accusative plural)
flakiem (instrumental singular)
flakami (instrumental plural)
flaku (locative singular)
flakach (locative plural)
flaku (singular vocative)
flaki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle High German vlëcke.

(colloquial or dialectal, Kielce, Biecz, Żywiec, chiefly in the plural, of human anatomy) entrails, guts, innards, intestines, viscera (internal organs of the abdominal and thoracic cavities)


norweski

pl-adj

norweski (not comparable, no derived adverb, abbreviation norw.)

norw. (abbreviation)
norweski (masculine nominative singular)
norweska (feminine nominative singular)
norweskie (neuter nominative singular)
norwescy (nominative plural virile)
norweskie (nominative plural)
norweskiego (genitive masculine singular)
norweskiej (feminine genitive singular)
norweskiego (genitive neuter singular)
norweskich (genitive plural)
norweskich (genitive plural virile)
norweskiemu (dative masculine singular)
norwesku (archaic dative masculine singular)
norweskiej (dative feminine singular)
norweskiemu (dative neuter singular)
norwesku (archaic dative neuter singular)
norweskim (dative plural)
norweskim (dative plural virile)
norweskiego (accusative animate masculine singular)
norweski (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
norweską (accusative feminine singular)
norweskie (accusative neuter singular)
norweskich (accusative plural virile)
norweskie (accusative plural)
norweskim (instrumental masculine singular)
norweską (feminine instrumental singular)
norweskim (instrumental neuter singular)
norweskimi (instrumental plural)
norweskimi (instrumental plural virile)
norweskim (locative masculine singular)
norweskiej (feminine locative singular)
norweskim (locative neuter singular)
norweskich (locative plural)
norweskich (locative plural virile)


harakiri

hara-kiri, seppuku (ceremonial suicide by ripping open the abdomen)


Gibraltar

pl-prop

Gibraltar m inan (related adjective gibraltarski)

gibraltarski (adjective)
Gibraltar (nominative singular)
Gibraltaru (genitive singular)
Gibraltarowi (dative singular)
Gibraltar (accusative singular)
Gibraltarem (instrumental singular)
Gibraltarze (locative singular)
Gibraltarze (singular vocative)

Gibraltar (a peninsula, city, and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, at the southern end of Iberia)

Gibraltar (a strait connecting the Mediterranean to the Atlantic between Gibraltar and Morocco)


apartheid

apartheid (nominative singular)
apartheidu (genitive singular)
apartheidowi (dative singular)
apartheid (accusative singular)
apartheidem (instrumental singular)
apartheidzie (locative singular)
apartheidzie (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Afrikaans apartheid.

ubor

(historical) apartheid (policy of racial separation in South Africa from 1948 to 1990)


sashimi

Unadapted borrowing from English sashimi.

sashimi (dish consisting of thin slices or pieces of raw fish or meat)


sushi

sushi (Japanese dish made of small portions of sticky white rice flavored with vinegar, usually wrapped in seaweed and filled or topped with fish, vegetables, or meat)


Kijów

pl-prop

Kijów m inan (related adjective kijowski, demonym kijowianin, female demonym kijowianka)

kijowski (adjective)
kijowianin (demonym)
kijowianka (demonym feminine)
Kijów (nominative singular)
Kijowy (nominative plural)
Kijowa (genitive singular)
Kijowów (genitive plural)
Kijowowi (dative singular)
Kijowu (dative singular)
Kijowom (dative plural)
Kijów (accusative singular)
Kijowy (accusative plural)
Kijowem (instrumental singular)
Kijowami (instrumental plural)
Kijowie (locative singular)
Kijowach (locative plural)
Kijowie (singular vocative)
Kijowy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic Кꙑевъ (Kyjevŭ).

bor+

Kyiv, Kiev (the capital and largest city of Ukraine)


quetzal

quetzal (nominative singular)
quetzale (nominative plural)
quetzala (genitive singular)
quetzali (genitive plural)
quetzalowi (dative singular)
quetzalom (dative plural)
quetzala (accusative singular)
quetzale (accusative plural)
quetzalem (instrumental singular)
quetzalami (instrumental plural)
quetzalu (locative singular)
quetzalach (locative plural)
quetzalu (singular vocative)
quetzale (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish quetzal, from Classical Nahuatl quetzalli. Doublet of kwezal.


Alaska

Alaska (nominative singular)
Alaski (genitive singular)
Alasce (dative singular)
Alaskę (accusative singular)
Alaską (instrumental singular)
Alasce (locative singular)
Alasko (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Alaska, from Aleut alaxsxaq.

Mieszkam na Alasce.


Arizona

Arizona (nominative singular)
Arizony (genitive singular)
Arizonie (dative singular)
Arizonę (accusative singular)
Arizoną (instrumental singular)
Arizonie (locative singular)
Arizono (singular vocative)


salami

salami (large cured meat sausage of Italian origin, served in slices)

salami cheese (yellow cheese made from cow's milk, with an oblong, cylindrical shape)


rum

rum (nominative singular)
rumy (nominative plural)
rumu (genitive singular)
rumów (genitive plural)
rumowi (dative singular)
rumom (dative plural)
rum (accusative singular)
rumy (accusative plural)
rumem (instrumental singular)
rumami (instrumental plural)
rumie (locative singular)
rumach (locative plural)
rumie (singular vocative)
rumy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle High German rūm, roum, from Old High German rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą.

bor+

(archaic, geology) broken debris, rock crumbs


gondola

gondolka (diminutive)
gondola (nominative singular)
gondole (nominative plural)
gondoli (genitive singular)
gondoli (genitive plural)
gondoli (dative singular)
gondolom (dative plural)
gondolę (accusative singular)
gondole (accusative plural)
gondolą (instrumental singular)
gondolami (instrumental plural)
gondoli (locative singular)
gondolach (locative plural)
gondolo (singular vocative)
gondole (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian gondola, from Venetan góndoła, probably from Byzantine Greek κοντούρα (kontoúra, “small tail”).

gondola (narrow boat, especially in Venice)


pesto

pesto (Italian sauce especially for pasta)


Irak

Irak (nominative singular)
Iraku (genitive singular)
Irakowi (dative singular)
Irak (accusative singular)
Irakiem (instrumental singular)
Iraku (locative singular)
Iraku (singular vocative)

Iraq (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Kansas

Borrowed from English Kansas, from a Siouan ethnonym cognate to Kansa.


Alabama

Alabama (nominative singular)
Alabamy (genitive singular)
Alabamie (dative singular)
Alabamę (accusative singular)
Alabamą (instrumental singular)
Alabamie (locative singular)
Alabamo (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Alabama, from Alabama Albaamaha.


Arkansas

Borrowed from English Arkansas, from French Arcansas.


Connecticut

Borrowed from English Connecticut, from Mohegan-Pequot quinnitukqut (“at the long tidal river”), from *kwen- (“long”) + *-ehtekw (“tidal river”) + *-enk (“place”).

der

Connecticut (a state of the United States)

Connecticut (a river in the United States)


Iowa

Borrowed from English Iowa, from French Aiouez, an early transliteration of the name for the Iowa tribe, from Dakota ayúxba (“sleepy ones”).


Idaho

Unadapted borrowing from English Idaho, possibly from Plains Apache ídaahȩ́́ (“Comanche”).


Illinois

Borrowed from English Illinois, from a French adaptation of an Algonquian name derived from Miami ilenweewa (“he speaks the regular way”).


Indiana

Indiana (nominative singular)
Indiany (genitive singular)
Indianie (dative singular)
Indianę (accusative singular)
Indianą (instrumental singular)
Indianie (locative singular)
Indiano (singular vocative)


Massachusetts

Borrowed from English Massachusetts, from Massachusett muswachꝏsut (massadchᵫset, “big mountain”).

Massachusetts (a state of the United States)


Maryland

Maryland (nominative singular)
Marylandu (genitive singular)
Marylandowi (dative singular)
Maryland (accusative singular)
Marylandem (instrumental singular)
Marylandzie (locative singular)
Marylandzie (singular vocative)


Michigan

Borrowed from English Michigan, from Ojibwe mishigami (“great lake”)/ᒥᔑᑲᒥ.


Missouri

Borrowed from English Missouri, from a French adaptation of Miami wimihsoorita (“the people who have dugout canoes”), a term for the inhabitants of the area around the Missouri River.


Nebraska

Nebraska (nominative singular)
Nebraski (genitive singular)
Nebrasce (dative singular)
Nebraskę (accusative singular)
Nebraską (instrumental singular)
Nebrasce (locative singular)
Nebrasko (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Nebraska, probably from archaic Chiwere Ñí Brásge or Omaha-Ponca Ní Btháska, both meaning "flat water," after the Platte River that flows through the state.


New Hampshire

Unadapted borrowing from English New Hampshire.

New Hampshire (a state of the United States)


Nevada

Nevada (nominative singular)
Nevady (genitive singular)
Nevadzie (dative singular)
Nevadę (accusative singular)
Nevadą (instrumental singular)
Nevadzie (locative singular)
Nevado (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Nevada, from Spanish nevada (“snow-covered”).


Ohio

Borrowed from English Ohio, from Seneca ohiːyoʼ, a proper name derived from ohiːyoːh (“good river”).


Rhode Island

Unadapted borrowing from English Rhode Island.

Rhode Island (a state of the United States)


Tennessee

Borrowed from English Tennessee, from Cherokee ᏔᎾᏏ (tanasi).

Tennessee (a state of the United States)


Tennessee

Tennessee (a river in the United States)


Utah

Unadapted borrowing from English Utah, from Spanish yuta, from Ute entaw or yuta (“diggers of the mountain tops”).


Vermont

Vermont (nominative singular)
Vermontu (genitive singular)
Vermontowi (dative singular)
Vermont (accusative singular)
Vermontem (instrumental singular)
Vermoncie (locative singular)
Vermoncie (singular vocative)

Borrowed from English Vermont, from French verts monts.


Wisconsin

Unadapted borrowing from English Wisconsin.

Wisconsin (a state of the United States)

Wisconsin (a river in the United States)


Wyoming

Wyoming (nominative singular)
Wyomingu (genitive singular)
Wyomingowi (dative singular)
Wyoming (accusative singular)
Wyomingiem (instrumental singular)
Wyomingu (locative singular)
Wyomingu (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Wyoming, from Munsee xwé:wamənk (literally “at the big river flat”).


Norfolk

Norfolk (nominative singular)
Norfolku (genitive singular)
Norfolkowi (dative singular)
Norfolk (accusative singular)
Norfolkiem (instrumental singular)
Norfolku (locative singular)
Norfolku (singular vocative)


sputnik

pl-noun

sputnik m inan (related adjective sputnikowy)

sputnikowy (adjective)
sputnik (nominative singular)
sputniki (nominative plural)
sputnika (genitive singular)
sputników (genitive plural)
sputnikowi (dative singular)
sputnikom (dative plural)
sputnik (accusative singular)
sputniki (accusative plural)
sputnikiem (instrumental singular)
sputnikami (instrumental plural)
sputniku (locative singular)
sputnikach (locative plural)
sputniku (singular vocative)
sputniki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Russian спу́тник (spútnik).

bor+

(historical) sputnik (Soviet robotic space satellite)


Albion

Albion (nominative singular)
Albionu (genitive singular)
Albionowi (dative singular)
Albion (accusative singular)
Albionem (instrumental singular)
Albionie (locative singular)
Albionie (singular vocative)

mglisty Albion

(poetic) Albion (England (or sometimes the British Isles))


pepperoni

Unadapted borrowing from English pepperoni.

ubor

pepperoni (pizza with only tomato sauce, cheese, and pepperoni toppings)

Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum#Translingual

peperoncino, friggitello (sweet Italian chili pepper of the species Capsicum annuum)


Birmingham

Birmingham (canonical neuter)
Birmingham (canonical inanimate masculine)
Birmingham (nominative singular)
Birminghamy (nominative plural)
Birminghamu (genitive singular)
Birminghamów (genitive plural)
Birminghamowi (dative singular)
Birminghamom (dative plural)
Birmingham (accusative singular)
Birminghamy (accusative plural)
Birminghamem (instrumental singular)
Birminghamami (instrumental plural)
Birminghamie (locative singular)
Birminghamach (locative plural)
Birminghamie (singular vocative)
Birminghamy (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Birmingham, from Middle English, from Old English Beormingahām, from Beorma + ing + hām.

Birmingham (a major city and metropolitan borough of the West Midlands, England)

Jefferson County
Jefferson County#English

Birmingham (a city, the county seat of Jefferson County, Alabama, United States)

Van Buren County
Van Buren County#English

Birmingham (a tiny city in Van Buren County, Iowa, United States)

Birmingham (a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States)

Huntingdon County
Huntingdon County#English

Birmingham (a borough of Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, United States)


Manchester

Manchester (nominative singular)
Manchesteru (genitive singular)
Manchesterowi (dative singular)
Manchester (accusative singular)
Manchesterem (instrumental singular)
Manchesterze (locative singular)
Manchesterze (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English Manchester.

Greater Manchester
Greater Manchester#English

Manchester (a major city and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, in northwestern England)

Manchester (name of several towns and cities in the United States)


bagno

pl-noun

bagno n (diminutive bagienko, augmentative bagnisko, related adjective bagienny)

bagienko (diminutive)
bagnisko (augmentative)
bagienny (adjective)
bagno (nominative singular)
bagna (nominative plural)
bagna (genitive singular)
bagien (genitive plural)
bagnu (dative singular)
bagnom (dative plural)
bagno (accusative singular)
bagna (accusative plural)
bagnem (instrumental singular)
bagnami (instrumental plural)
bagnie (locative singular)
bagnach (locative plural)
bagno (singular vocative)
bagna (plural vocative)

bagno zwyczajne

Rhododendron tomentosum
Wikispecies:Rhododendron tomentosum

Rhododendron subsect. Ledum
Wikispecies:Rhododendron subsect. Ledum

marsh rosemary (Rhododendron tomentosum and the whole Rhododendron subsect. Ledum)

(Middle Polish) willow (any of various deciduous trees or shrubs in the genus Salix, in the willow family Salicaceae)

(Middle Polish, hunting) den, lair (animal's dwelling space, especially a boar's)


UE

Polska wstąpiła do UE w 2004.


Sejm

sejmowy (adjective)
Sejm (nominative singular)
Sejmu (genitive singular)
Sejmowi (dative singular)
Sejm (accusative singular)
Sejmem (instrumental singular)
Sejmie (locative singular)
Sejmie (singular vocative)

(government) Sejm (the lower house of the bicameral parliament of Poland)

Sejm (total number of people who sit in the Sejm)

Coordinate term: Senat


Sejm

Sejm (nominative singular)
Sejmy (nominative plural)
Sejmu (genitive singular)
Sejmów (genitive plural)
Sejmowi (dative singular)
Sejmom (dative plural)
Sejm (accusative singular)
Sejmy (accusative plural)
Sejmem (instrumental singular)
Sejmami (instrumental plural)
Sejmie (locative singular)
Sejmach (locative plural)
Sejmie (singular vocative)
Sejmy (plural vocative)

→ English: Sejm

→ German: Sejm

→ Latvian: Saeima

→ Lithuanian: Seĩmas

→ Romanian: Seim

→ Russian: Сейм (Sejm)

→ Ukrainian: Сейм (Sejm)

→ Yiddish: סיים (seym)

(government, historical) any specific gathering of the Sejm


Sejm

Sejm (nominative singular)
Sejmu (genitive singular)
Sejmowi (dative singular)
Sejm (accusative singular)
Sejmem (instrumental singular)
Sejmie (locative singular)
Sejmie (singular vocative)


polka

poleczka (diminutive)
polka (nominative singular)
polki (nominative plural)
polki (genitive singular)
polek (genitive plural)
polce (dative singular)
polkom (dative plural)
polkę (accusative singular)
polki (accusative plural)
polką (instrumental singular)
polkami (instrumental plural)
polce (locative singular)
polkach (locative plural)
polko (singular vocative)
polki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Czech polka. Doublet of półka.


babka

babeczka (diminutive)
babka (nominative singular)
babki (nominative plural)
babki (genitive singular)
babek (genitive plural)
babce (dative singular)
babkom (dative plural)
babkę (accusative singular)
babki (accusative plural)
babką (instrumental singular)
babkami (instrumental plural)
babce (locative singular)
babkach (locative plural)
babko (singular vocative)
babki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish babka. By surface analysis, baba + -ka.

(obsolete) type of old, small Polish currency


bossa nova

bossa nova (nominative singular)
bossa novy (genitive singular)
bossa novie (dative singular)
bossa novę (accusative singular)
bossa novą (instrumental singular)
bossa novie (locative singular)
bossa novo (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from Brazilian Portuguese bossa nova.


bordo

Bordeaux (wine coming from Bordeaux in France)


wigwam

wigwam (nominative singular)
wigwamy (nominative plural)
wigwamu (genitive singular)
wigwamów (genitive plural)
wigwamowi (dative singular)
wigwamom (dative plural)
wigwam (accusative singular)
wigwamy (accusative plural)
wigwamem (instrumental singular)
wigwamami (instrumental plural)
wigwamie (locative singular)
wigwamach (locative plural)
wigwamie (singular vocative)
wigwamy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English wigwam, from Abenaki wigwôm or Penobscot wigwom, from Proto-Algonquian *wi·kiwa·ʔmi.


kilt

kilt (nominative singular)
kilty (nominative plural)
kiltu (genitive singular)
kiltów (genitive plural)
kiltowi (dative singular)
kiltom (dative plural)
kilt (accusative singular)
kilty (accusative plural)
kiltem (instrumental singular)
kiltami (instrumental plural)
kilcie (locative singular)
kiltach (locative plural)
kilcie (singular vocative)
kilty (plural vocative)

kilt (traditional Scottish garment, usually worn by men)


Boston

pl-proper noun

Boston m inan (related adjective bostoński, demonym bostończyk, female demonym bostonka)

bostoński (adjective)
bostończyk (demonym)
bostonka (demonym feminine)
Boston (nominative singular)
Bostonu (genitive singular)
Bostonowi (dative singular)
Boston (accusative singular)
Bostonem (instrumental singular)
Bostonie (locative singular)
Bostonie (singular vocative)

Boston (the capital and largest city of Massachusetts, United States)


Kamerun

Kamerun m inan (related adjective kameruński)

kameruński (adjective)
Kamerun (nominative singular)
Kamerunu (genitive singular)
Kamerunowi (dative singular)
Kamerun (accusative singular)
Kamerunem (instrumental singular)
Kamerunie (locative singular)
Kamerunie (singular vocative)


Kanada

kanadyjski (adjective)
Kanada (nominative singular)
Kanady (genitive singular)
Kanadzie (dative singular)
Kanadę (accusative singular)
Kanadą (instrumental singular)
Kanadzie (locative singular)
Kanado (singular vocative)

Borrowed from French Canada, from Laurentian kanata (“village, settlement”).